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Trejo-Solís C, Castillo-Rodríguez RA, Serrano-García N, Silva-Adaya D, Vargas-Cruz S, Chávez-Cortéz EG, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Zavala-Vega S, Cruz-Salgado A, Magaña-Maldonado R. Metabolic Roles of HIF1, c-Myc, and p53 in Glioma Cells. Metabolites 2024; 14:249. [PMID: 38786726 PMCID: PMC11122955 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic reprogramming that promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastoma is induced by dynamic alterations in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, as well as in transcriptional and signaling networks, which result in changes in global genetic expression. The signaling pathways PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK stimulate cell metabolism, either directly or indirectly, by modulating the transcriptional factors p53, HIF1, and c-Myc. The overexpression of HIF1 and c-Myc, master regulators of cellular metabolism, is a key contributor to the synthesis of bioenergetic molecules that mediate glioma cell transformation, proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion by modifying the transcription levels of key gene groups involved in metabolism. Meanwhile, the tumor-suppressing protein p53, which negatively regulates HIF1 and c-Myc, is often lost in glioblastoma. Alterations in this triad of transcriptional factors induce a metabolic shift in glioma cells that allows them to adapt and survive changes such as mutations, hypoxia, acidosis, the presence of reactive oxygen species, and nutrient deprivation, by modulating the activity and expression of signaling molecules, enzymes, metabolites, transporters, and regulators involved in glycolysis and glutamine metabolism, the pentose phosphate cycle, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as the synthesis and degradation of fatty acids and nucleic acids. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of HIF1, c-Myc, and p53 in the genic regulatory network for metabolism in glioma cells, as well as potential therapeutic inhibitors of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solís
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | | | - Norma Serrano-García
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | - Daniela Silva-Adaya
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
- Centro de Investigación Sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), Ciudad de Mexico 14330, Mexico
| | - Salvador Vargas-Cruz
- Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Ángeles del Pedregal, Camino a Sta. Teresa, Ciudad de Mexico 10700, Mexico;
| | | | - Juan Carlos Gallardo-Pérez
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Zavala-Vega
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | - Arturo Cruz-Salgado
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico;
| | - Roxana Magaña-Maldonado
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
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Liu G, Chen ZG, Yang LR, Rong YX, Wang Q, Li L, Lu QW, Jiang MD, Qi HY. Z-ligustilide preferentially caused mitochondrial dysfunction in AML HL-60 cells by activating nuclear receptors NUR77 and NOR1. Chin Med 2023; 18:123. [PMID: 37735686 PMCID: PMC10512564 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear receptors NUR77 and NOR1 were identified as critical targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Previously, we showed that Z-ligustilide (Z-LIG) selectively targeted AML by restoring NUR77 and NOR1. However, its downstream mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. METHODS SRB staining assay was used to measure cell viability. Cell apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were analyzed using flow cytometry. The potential targets of Z-LIG in AML HL-60 cells were evaluated by RNA sequencing. Changes in RNA levels were measured using quantitative RT-qPCR and western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of proteins. RESULTS Z-LIG preferentially induced mitochondrial dysfunction in HL-60 cells compared with 293T cells. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed that mitochondrial transcription and translation might be potential Z-LIG targets inhibiting HL-60 cells. NUR77/NOR1 overexpression significantly reduced the mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in HL-60 cells but not in 293T cells. Moreover, Z-LIG induced mitochondrial dysfunction by restoring NUR77 and NOR1 in HL-60 cells. Compared with HL-60 cells, the apoptosis-inducing activities of NUR77/NOR1 and Z-LIG were significantly reduced in HL-60 ρ0 cells depleted in mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA). Moreover, NUR77/NOR1 and Z-LIG downregulated mitochondrial transcription and translation related proteins in HL-60 cells. Notably, Z-LIG remarkably reduced mitochondrial ATP in primary AML cells and showed anti-AML activity in mouse models of human AML. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggested that Z-LIG selectively induces mitochondrial dysfunction in AML HL-60 cells by restoring NUR77 and NOR1, a process associated with interference in mtDNA transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Li-Rong Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yu-Xia Rong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qin Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qian-Wei Lu
- Radiotherapy Department, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Dong Jiang
- Radiotherapy Department, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Yi Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Torres A, Kang S, Mahony CB, Cedeño M, Oliveira PG, Fernandez-Bustamante M, Kemble S, Laragione T, Gulko PS, Croft AP, Sanchez-Lopez E, Miyamoto S, Guma M. Role of mitochondria-bound HK2 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1103231. [PMID: 37529037 PMCID: PMC10389265 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1103231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose metabolism, specifically, hexokinase 2 (HK2), has a critical role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) phenotype. HK2 localizes not only in the cytosol but also in the mitochondria, where it protects mitochondria against stress. We hypothesize that mitochondria-bound HK2 is a key regulator of RA FLS phenotype. Methods HK2 localization was evaluated by confocal microscopy after FLS stimulation. RA FLSs were infected with Green fluorescent protein (GFP), full-length (FL)-HK2, or HK2 lacking its mitochondrial binding motif (HK2ΔN) expressing adenovirus (Ad). RA FLS was also incubated with methyl jasmonate (MJ; 2.5 mM), tofacitinib (1 µM), or methotrexate (1 µM). RA FLS was tested for migration and invasion and gene expression. Gene associations with HK2 expression were identified by examining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from murine models of arthritis. Mice were injected with K/BxN serum and given MJ. Ad-FLHK2 or Ad-HK2ΔN was injected into the knee of wild-type mice. Results Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation induced HK2 mitochondrial translocation. Overexpression of the HK2 mutant and MJ incubation reversed the invasive and migrative phenotype induced by FL-HK2 after PDGF stimulation, and MJ also decreased the expression of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL1) and Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain (COL1A1). Of interest, tofacitinib but not methotrexate had an effect on HK2 dissociation from the mitochondria. In murine models, MJ treatment significantly decreased arthritis severity, whereas HK2FL was able to induce synovial hypertrophy as opposed to HK2ΔN. Conclusion Our results suggest that mitochondrial HK2 regulates the aggressive phenotype of RA FLS. New therapeutic approaches to dissociate HK2 from mitochondria offer a safer approach than global glycolysis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Torres
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Christopher B. Mahony
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martha Cedeño
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Patricia G. Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Teresina Laragione
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Percio S. Gulko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Adam P. Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Kitagawa A, Osawa T, Noda M, Kobayashi Y, Aki S, Nakano Y, Saito T, Shimizu D, Komatsu H, Sugaya M, Takahashi J, Kosai K, Takao S, Motomura Y, Sato K, Hu Q, Fujii A, Wakiyama H, Tobo T, Uchida H, Sugimachi K, Shibata K, Utsunomiya T, Kobayashi S, Ishii H, Hasegawa T, Masuda T, Matsui Y, Niida A, Soga T, Suzuki Y, Miyano S, Aburatani H, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Mori M, Nakayama KI, Shimamura T, Shibata T, Mimori K. Convergent genomic diversity and novel BCAA metabolism in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2206-2217. [PMID: 37076565 PMCID: PMC10241955 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Driver alterations may represent novel candidates for driver gene-guided therapy; however, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with multiple genomic aberrations makes them intractable. Therefore, the pathogenesis and metabolic changes of ICC need to be understood to develop new treatment strategies. We aimed to unravel the evolution of ICC and identify ICC-specific metabolic characteristics to investigate the metabolic pathway associated with ICC development using multiregional sampling to encompass the intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity. METHODS We performed the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analysis of 39-77 ICC tumour samples and eleven normal samples. Further, we analysed their cell proliferation and viability. RESULTS We demonstrated that intra-tumoral heterogeneity of ICCs with distinct driver genes per case exhibited neutral evolution, regardless of their tumour stage. Upregulation of BCAT1 and BCAT2 indicated the involvement of 'Val Leu Ile degradation pathway'. ICCs exhibit the accumulation of ubiquitous metabolites, such as branched-chain amino acids including valine, leucine, and isoleucine, to negatively affect cancer prognosis. We revealed that this metabolic pathway was almost ubiquitously altered in all cases with genomic diversity and might play important roles in tumour progression and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS We propose a novel ICC onco-metabolic pathway that could enable the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Osawa
- Division of Integrative Nutiriomics and Oncology, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Miwa Noda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yuta Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sho Aki
- Division of Integrative Nutiriomics and Oncology, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakano
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Dai Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Hisateru Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maki Sugaya
- Division of Integrative Nutiriomics and Oncology, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Junichi Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kosai
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Takao
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yushi Motomura
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Qingjiang Hu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujii
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Taro Tobo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Hiroki Uchida
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Keishi Sugimachi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Kohei Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Oitaken Koseiren Tsurumi Hospital, 4333 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-8585, Japan
| | - Tohru Utsunomiya
- Department of Surgery, Oita Prefectural Hospital, 2-8-1 Bunyo, Oita, 870-8511, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Hasegawa
- Division of Health Medical Computational Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Division of Health Medical Computational Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Division of Health Medical Computational Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu, 874-0838, Japan.
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Kumar V, Stewart JH. Immunometabolic reprogramming, another cancer hallmark. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125874. [PMID: 37275901 PMCID: PMC10235624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth signals, (2) the emergence of clones that are resistant to apoptosis, (3) resistance to the antigrowth signals, (4) neo-angiogenesis, (5) the invasion of normal tissue or spread to the distant organs, and (6) limitless replicative potential. It also appears that non-resolving inflammation leads to the dysregulation of immune cell metabolism and subsequent cancer progression. The present article delineates immunometabolic reprogramming as a critical hallmark of cancer by linking chronic inflammation and immunosuppression to cancer growth and metastasis. We propose that targeting tumor immunometabolic reprogramming will lead to the design of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - John H. Stewart
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
- Louisiana State University- Louisiana Children’s Medical Center, Stanley S. Scott, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
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Farooq Z, Ismail H, Bhat SA, Layden BT, Khan MW. Aiding Cancer's "Sweet Tooth": Role of Hexokinases in Metabolic Reprogramming. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:946. [PMID: 37109475 PMCID: PMC10141071 DOI: 10.3390/life13040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexokinases (HKs) convert hexose sugars to hexose-6-phosphate, thus trapping them inside cells to meet the synthetic and energetic demands. HKs participate in various standard and altered physiological processes, including cancer, primarily through the reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Four canonical HKs have been identified with different expression patterns across tissues. HKs 1-3 play a role in glucose utilization, whereas HK 4 (glucokinase, GCK) also acts as a glucose sensor. Recently, a novel fifth HK, hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), has been identified, which plays a role in whole-body glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity. Beyond the metabolic functions, HKDC1 is differentially expressed in many forms of human cancer. This review focuses on the role of HKs, particularly HKDC1, in metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Farooq
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hagar Ismail
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sheraz Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Md. Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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7
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Fang H, Li H, Zhang H, Wang S, Xu S, Chang L, Yang Y, Cui R. Short-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase: A novel vital oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1019312. [PMID: 36313354 PMCID: PMC9614034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1019312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of cellular metabolism is frequently linked to tumorigenesis. Glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are the specific substrates involved in how an organism maintains metabolic equilibrium. The HADH gene codes for the short-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADH), a crucial enzyme in fatty acid oxidation that catalyzes the third phase of fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. Increasing data suggest that HADH is differentially expressed in various types of malignancies and is linked to cancer development and progression. The significance of HADH expression in tumors and its potential mechanisms of action in the onset and progression of certain cancers are summarized in this article. The possible roles of HADH as a target and/or biomarker for the detection and treatment of various malignancies is also described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanyang Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Beygi F, Mostoufi A, Mojaddami A. Novel Hydrazone Derivatives of 3-Bromopyruvate: Synthesis, Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects, Molecular Docking and ADME Studies. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100754. [PMID: 35427437 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) derivatives were synthesized to develop new potent anticancer agents. The chemical structures of the compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1 H-, 13 C-NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis (CHN). Their cytotoxic activities were investigated against four cancer cell lines, including colon (SW1116), breast (MDA-MB-231), lung (A549), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. Among the synthesized compounds, 3b showed promising cytotoxic activity compared to 3-BP, with IC50 values of 16.3 μM, 19.1 μM, 27.8 μM, and 14.5 μM against A549, MDA-MB-231, SW1116 and, HepG2 cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of these compounds on MCF-10A (a normal breast cell lines) was investigated to determine their selectivity between tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells. Since the 3-BP inhibits hexokinase II (HK II), molecular docking of 3-BP derivatives was carried out using AutoDock 4.2. The binding energies of these derivatives were greater than 3-BP, indicating that they had a higher affinity for HK II. For validation of docking, a 40 ns MD simulation was performed. SwissADME was used to predict pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and ADME parameters of the screened compounds. The results demonstrated that these derivatives are suitable candidates for developing orally potent HK II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Beygi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azar Mostoufi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ayyub Mojaddami
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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9
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Canu L, Perigli G, Badii B, Santi R, Nesi G, Pradella S, Maggi M, Peri A. Case Report: Adrenocortical Oncocytoma in a Patient with a Previous Contralateral Adrenalectomy for a Cortisol-Secreting Adenoma. Front Surg 2022; 9:897967. [PMID: 35662823 PMCID: PMC9160572 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.897967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncocytomas are uncommon benign tumors that arise in various organs and are predominantly composed of oncocytes. Adrenocortical oncocytomas are extremely rare and are generally non-functioning. Methods We report the case of a 40-year-old patient with a progressively enlarging left adrenal mass. At the age of 19 he had undergone right adrenalectomy for a cortisol-secreting adenoma. Radiologic features were not typical of an adenoma and positive uptake was detected at 18F-FDG-PET. Because of the uncertain nature of the growing lesion, it was decided to proceed to surgical resection. Results The surgeon managed to remove the left adrenal mass, sparing the normal adrenal gland, and histology was consistent with adrenocortical oncocytoma. Corticosteroid supplementation was prescribed, but at reassessment, adrenal function was found to be preserved and treatment withdrawn. Conclusions Adrenal oncocytoma is a rare diagnosis, but should be considered in the presence of a growing mass with non-specific radiologic appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Canu
- Endocrinology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuliano Perigli
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Badii
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaella Santi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Pradella
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Peri
- Endocrinology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy
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10
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Bourouh M, Marignani PA. The Tumor Suppressor Kinase LKB1: Metabolic Nexus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:881297. [PMID: 35573694 PMCID: PMC9097215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.881297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a multitasking tumor suppressor kinase that is implicated in multiple malignancies such as lung, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and breast. LKB1 was first identified as the gene responsible for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) characterized by hamartomatous polyps and oral mucotaneous pigmentation. LKB1 functions to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) during energy stress to shift metabolic processes from active anabolic pathways to active catabolic pathways to generate ATP. Genetic loss or inactivation of LKB1 promotes metabolic reprogramming and metabolic adaptations of cancer cells that fuel increased growth and division rates. As a result, LKB1 loss is associated with increased aggressiveness and treatment options for patients with LKB1 mutant tumors are limited. Recently, there has been new insights into the role LKB1 has on metabolic regulation and the identification of potential vulnerabilities in LKB1 mutant tumors. In this review, we discuss the tumor suppressive role of LKB1 and the impact LKB1 loss has on metabolic reprograming in cancer cells, with a focus on lung cancer. We also discuss potential therapeutic avenues to treat malignancies associated with LKB1 loss by targeting aberrant metabolic pathways associated with LKB1 loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bourouh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paola A Marignani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, Halifax, NS, Canada
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11
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Chen Q, Ren Z, Liu D, Jin Z, Wang X, Zhang R, Liu Q, Cheng W. Identification of prognostic metabolic genes in adrenocortical carcinoma and establishment of a prognostic nomogram: A bioinformatic study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27864. [PMID: 34918636 PMCID: PMC10545245 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adrenocortical carcinoma is an invasive malignancy with poor prognosis, high recurrence rate and limited therapeutic options. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective method to diagnose and evaluate the prognosis of patients, so as to realize individualized treatment and improve their survival rate.This study investigated metabolic genes that may be potential therapeutic targets for Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Level 3 gene expression data from the ACC cohort and the relevant clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. To verify, other ACC datasets (GSE76021, GSE19750) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The ACC datasets from TCGA and GEO were used to screen metabolic genes through the Molecular Signatures Database using gene set enrichment analysis. Then, the overlapping metabolic genes of the 2 datasets were identified.A signature of five metabolic genes (CYP11B1, GSTM2, IRF9, RPL31, and UBE2C) was identified in patients with ACC. The signature could be used to divide the patients with ACC into high- and low-risk groups based on their median risk score. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the independent prognostic factors of ACC. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to assess the prediction accuracy of the prognostic signature. Last, a nomogram was established to assess the individualized prognosis prediction model.The results indicated that the signature of 5 metabolic genes had excellent predictive value for ACC. These findings might help improve personalized treatment and medical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziyu Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qicong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Cai J, Yi M, Tan Y, Li X, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Xiang B. Natural product triptolide induces GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in head and neck cancer through suppressing mitochondrial hexokinase-ΙΙ. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:190. [PMID: 34108030 PMCID: PMC8188724 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Pyroptosis is a lytic cell death form executed by gasdermins family proteins. Induction of tumor pyroptosis promotes anti-tumor immunity and is a potential cancer treatment strategy. Triptolide (TPL) is a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese herb which possesses potent anti-tumor activity in human cancers. However, its role in pyroptosis remains to be elucidated. Methods Cell survival was measured by colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin V assay. Pyroptosis was evaluated by morphological features and release of interleukin 1β and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Immunofluorescence staining was employed to measure subcellular localization of proteins. Tumorigenicity was assessed by a xenograft tumor model. Expression levels of mRNAs or proteins were determined by qPCR or western blot assay, respectively. Results Triptolide eliminates head and neck cancer cells through inducing gasdermin E (GSDME) mediated pyroptosis. Silencing GSDME attenuates the cytotoxicity of TPL against cancer cells. TPL treatment suppresses expression of c-myc and mitochondrial hexokinase II (HK-II) in cancer cells, leading to activation of the BAD/BAX-caspase 3 cascade and cleavage of GSDME by active caspase 3. Silencing HK-II sensitizes cancer cells to TPL induced pyroptosis, whereas enforced expression of HK-II prevents TPL induced pyroptosis. Mechanistically, HK-II prevents mitochondrial translocation of BAD, BAX proteins and activation of caspase 3, thus attenuating cleavage of GSDME and pyroptosis upon TPL treatment. Furthermore, TPL treatment suppresses NRF2/SLC7A11 (also known as xCT) axis and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, regardless of the status of GSDME. Combination of TPL with erastin, an inhibitor of SLC7A11, exerts robust synergistic effect in suppression of tumor survival in vitro and in a nude mice model. Conclusions This study not only provides a new paradigm of TPL in cancer therapy, but also highlights a crucial role of mitochondrial HK-II in linking glucose metabolism with pyroptosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01995-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Yi
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yixin Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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13
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Al-Sawaftah NM, Abusamra RH, Husseini GA. Carbohydrate-functionalized Liposomes in Cancer Therapy. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394716999200626144921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Existing cancer treatments are often accompanied by adverse side effects that can greatly
reduce the quality of life of cancer patients; this sets the platform for the development and application
of nanocarrier-based platforms for the delivery of anticancer drugs. Among these nanocarriers,
liposomes have demonstrated excellent potential in drug delivery applications. Furthermore,
the overexpression of certain receptors on cancer cells has led to the development of active targeting
approaches where liposome surfaces are decorated with ligands against these receptors. Given
the central role that sugars play in cancer biology, more and more researchers are integrating “glycoscience”
into their anticancer therapeutic designs. Carbohydrate functionalized liposomes present
an attractive drug delivery system due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity,
and specific cell targeting ability. This review presents an overview of the preparation methods,
characterization, evaluation, and applications of carbohydrate functionalized liposomes in cancer
therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour M. Al-Sawaftah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rand H. Abusamra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Feng J, Ren J, Yang Q, Liao L, Cui L, Gong Y, Sun S. Metabolic gene signature for predicting breast cancer recurrence using transcriptome analysis. Future Oncol 2021; 17:71-80. [PMID: 33397130 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The study aimed at identifying a metabolic gene signature for stratifying the risk of recurrence in breast cancer. Materials & methods: The data of patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma package was used to identify differentially expressed metabolic genes, and a metabolic gene signature was constructed. Results: A five-gene metabolic signature was established that demonstrated satisfactory accuracy and predictive power in both training and validation cohorts. Also, a nomogram for predicting recurrence-free survival was established using a combination of the metabolism gene risk score and the clinicopathological features. Conclusions: The proposed metabolic gene signature and nomogram have a significant prognostic value and may improve the recurrence risk stratification for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Lingxia Liao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Le Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Yiping Gong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
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15
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Digging deeper through glucose metabolism and its regulators in cancer and metastasis. Life Sci 2020; 264:118603. [PMID: 33091446 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism enzymes and transporters play major role in cancer development and metastasis. In this study, we discuss glucose metabolism, transporters, receptors, hormones, oncogenes and tumor suppressors which interact with glucose metabolism and we try to discuss their major role in cancer development and cancer metabolism. We try to highlight the. Metabolic changes in cancer and metastasis upregulation of glycolysis is observed in many primary and metastatic cancers and aerobic glycolysis is the most favorable mechanism for glucose metabolism in cancer cells, and it is a kind of evolutionary change. The question that is posed at this juncture is: Can we use aerobic glycolysis phenotype and enzymes beyond this mechanism in estimating cancer prognosis and metastasis? Lactate is a metabolite of glucose metabolism and it is a key player in cancer and metastasis in both normoxic and hypoxic condition so lactate dehydrogenase can be a good prognostic biomarker. Furthermore, monocarboxylic transporter which is the main lactate transporter can be good target in therapeutic studies. Glycolysis enzymes are valuable enzymes in cancer and metastasis diagnosis and can be used as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Designing a diagnostic and prognostic profile for cancer metastasis seems to be possible base on glycolysis enzymes and glucose transporters. Also, glucose metabolism enzymes and agents can give us a clear vision in estimating cancer metastasis. We can promote a panel of genes that detect genetic changes in glucose metabolism agents to diagnose cancer metastasis.
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16
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Joseph Sahayarayan J, Soundar Rajan K, Nachiappan M, Prabhu D, Guru Raj Rao R, Jeyakanthan J, Hossam Mahmoud A, Mohammed OB, Morgan AMA. Identification of potential drug target in malarial disease using molecular docking analysis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3327-3333. [PMID: 33304138 PMCID: PMC7715035 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria caused by genus Plasmodium, is a parasite which is the main health issue for humans and about half of the population were suffered. An every year, approximately 1.2–2.7 million people died due to malaria globally. Therefore to prevent the spreading of malaria from the glob novel active drugs with specific activities are necessary. The present study aimed to identify novel drug molecule together with the bioinformatic tools for the development of active malarial drugs. As the search for latest anti malarial compound was developed, this work determined six active blends from various drug databases which possess drug-like characteristics and presents a significant anti malarial actions in in-silico level. Compound ID 300238, 889, 76569, 87324, 45678, and Z185397112are a few of the ligands were got from the Toss lab, Maybridge, Cambridge, Life chem, Bitter, and Examine drug databases and docked against hexokinase 1 protein (PDB: 1CZA) with high throughput practical screening (HTVS) using Glide v6.6. Amid the 6 compounds, compound no: 300238 from Toss lab has the greatest docking score of −9.889 kcal/mol targeting 1CZA protein. The active sites of Hexokinase I of protein were determine by using superimposition of the destination and template structure showed similar structural folds and active sites which were decidedly conserved. The quality of hexokinase I protein was considered to be sterically stable where the protein was prepared by utilizing the software protein preparation execute in the Schrodinger suite. Prepared proteins were evaluated using SAVES and the studies of molecular dynamics of the hexokinase, and the GROMACS were performed for protein–ligand complex. The low HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of the compound verified the greater stability of the molecule. Here, the tested drug candidates have good absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties which were established by using QikProp, version 3.4 of Schrodinger.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dhamodharan Prabhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India
| | - Ravi Guru Raj Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India
| | - Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India
| | - Ahmed Hossam Mahmoud
- Department Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama B Mohammed
- Department Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M A Morgan
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad-Medani, P.O Box 20, Sudan
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17
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Macasoi I, Mioc A, Mioc M, Racoviceanu R, Soica I, Chevereșan A, Dehelean C, Dumitrașcu V. Targeting Mitochondria through the Use of Mitocans as Emerging Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5730-5757. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712150638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players with a multi-functional role in many vital cellular processes,
such as energy metabolism, redox regulation, calcium homeostasis, Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) as well as in cell signaling, survival and apoptosis. These functions are mainly regulated
through important enzyme signaling cascades, which if altered may influence the outcome of cell
viability and apoptosis. Therefore some of the key enzymes that are vital for these signaling pathways
are emerging as important targets for new anticancer agent development. Mitocans are compounds
aimed at targeting mitochondria in cancer cells by altering mitochondrial functions thus
causing cell growth inhibition or apoptosis. This review summarizes the till present known classes
of mitocans, their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic use in different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Irina Soica
- Earlscliffe Sixth Form, Earlscliffe, 29 Shorncliffe Road, Folkestone, CT20 2NB, United Kingdom
| | - Adelina Chevereșan
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrașcu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
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18
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Ren J, Feng J, Song W, Wang C, Ge Y, Fu T. Development and validation of a metabolic gene signature for predicting overall survival in patients with colon cancer. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:535-544. [PMID: 32772211 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The reprogramming of cellular metabolism is a hallmark of tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value of metabolism-related genes in colon cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to identify a metabolic gene signature to categorize colon cancer patients into high- and low-risk groups and predict prognosis. Samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were used as the training cohort, while samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were used as the validation cohort. A metabolic gene signature was established to investigate a robust risk stratification for colon cancer. Subsequently, a prognostic nomogram was established combining the metabolism-related risk score and clinicopathological characteristics of patients. A total of 351 differentially expressed metabolism-related genes were identified in colon cancer. After univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-penalized regression analysis, an eight-gene metabolic signature (MTR, NANS, HADH, IMPA2, AGPAT1, GGT5, CYP2J2, and ASL) was identified to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups. High-risk patients had significantly shorter overall survival than low-risk patients in both the training and validation cohorts. A high-risk score was positively correlated with proximal colon cancer (P = 0.012), BRAF mutation (P = 0.049), and advanced stage (P = 0.027). We established a prognostic nomogram based on metabolism-related gene risk score and clinicopathologic factors. The areas under the curve and calibration curves indicated that the established nomogram showed a good accuracy of prediction. We have established a novel metabolic gene signature that could predict overall survival in colon cancer patients and serve as a biomarker for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Chuntao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhang Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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19
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Mi Z, Song Y, Cao X, Lu Y, Liu Z, Zhu X, Geng M, Sun Y, Lan B, He C, Xiong H, Zhang L, Chen Y. Super-enhancer-driven metabolic reprogramming promotes cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Nat Metab 2020; 2:717-731. [PMID: 32694829 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is emerging as a key pathological contributor to the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), but the molecular mechanisms underlying dysregulated cellular metabolism in cystic cells remain elusive. Super-enhancers (SEs) are large clusters of transcriptional enhancers that drive robust expression of cell identity and disease genes. Here, we show that SEs undergo extensive remodelling during cystogenesis and that SE-associated transcripts are most enriched for metabolic processes in cystic cells. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), a transcriptional kinase required for assembly and maintenance of SEs, or AMP deaminase 3 (AMPD3), one of the SE-driven and CDK7-controlled metabolic target genes, delays cyst growth in ADPKD mouse models. In a cohort of people with ADPKD, CDK7 expression was frequently elevated, and its expression was correlated with AMPD3 expression and disease severity. Together, our findings elucidate a mechanism by which SE controls transcription of metabolic genes during cystogenesis, and identify SE-driven metabolic reprogramming as a promising therapeutic target for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyun Mi
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yandong Song
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Lu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meijuan Geng
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongzhan Sun
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingxue Lan
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaoran He
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Kang H, Choi SJ, Park KH, Lee CK, Moon JS. Impaired Glycolysis Promotes AlcoholExposure-Induced Apoptosis in HEI-OC1 Cells via Inhibition of EGFR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020476. [PMID: 31940844 PMCID: PMC7014033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism is an important metabolic pathway in the auditory system. Chronic alcohol exposure can cause metabolic dysfunction in auditory cells during hearing loss. While alcohol exposure has been linked to hearing loss, the mechanism by which impaired glycolysis promotes cytotoxicity and cell death in auditory cells remains unclear. Here, we show that the inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-induced glycolysis is a critical mechanism for alcohol exposure-induced apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells. The cytotoxicity via apoptosis was significantly increased by alcohol exposure in HEI-OC1 cells. The glycolytic activity and the levels of hexokinase 1 (HK1) were significantly suppressed by alcohol exposure in HEI-OC1 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that the levels of EGFR and AKT phosphorylation were reduced by alcohol exposure in HEI-OC1 cells. Notably, HK1 expression and glycolytic activity was suppressed by EGFR inhibition in HEI-OC1 cells. These results suggest that impaired glycolysis promotes alcohol exposure-induced apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells via the inhibition of EGFR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsook Kang
- Department of Otorhinoaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (H.K.); (S.J.C.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Seong Jun Choi
- Department of Otorhinoaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (H.K.); (S.J.C.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Kye Hoon Park
- Department of Otorhinoaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (H.K.); (S.J.C.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Chi-Kyou Lee
- Department of Otorhinoaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (H.K.); (S.J.C.); (K.H.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.-K.L.); (J.-S.M.); Tel.: +82-41-413-5004 (C.-K.L.); +82-41-413-5022 (J.-S.M.)
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-K.L.); (J.-S.M.); Tel.: +82-41-413-5004 (C.-K.L.); +82-41-413-5022 (J.-S.M.)
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21
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Sapir G, Harris T, Uppala S, Nardi-Schreiber A, Sosna J, Gomori JM, Katz-Brull R. [ 13C 6,D 8]2-deoxyglucose phosphorylation by hexokinase shows selectivity for the β-anomer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19683. [PMID: 31873121 PMCID: PMC6928223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-radioactive 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) analog has been developed here for hyperpolarized magnetic resonance investigations. The analog, [13C6,D8]2DG, showed 13% polarization in solution (27,000-fold signal enhancement at the C1 site), following a dissolution-DNP hyperpolarization process. The phosphorylation of this analog by yeast hexokinase (yHK) was monitored in real-time with a temporal resolution of 1 s. We show that yHK selectively utilizes the β anomer of the 2DG analog, thus revealing a surprising anomeric specificity of this reaction. Such anomeric selectivity was not observed for the reaction of yHK or bacterial glucokinase with a hyperpolarized glucose analog. yHK is highly similar to the human HK-2, which is overexpressed in malignancy. Thus, the current finding may shed a new light on a fundamental enzyme activity which is utilized in the most widespread molecular imaging technology for cancer detection - positron-emission tomography with 18F-2DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Sapir
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Talia Harris
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sivaranjan Uppala
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Atara Nardi-Schreiber
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Sosna
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J Moshe Gomori
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
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22
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Li, J, Wang, T, Xia J, Yao W, Huang F. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic protein acetylations control glycolysis process in liver diseases. FASEB J 2019; 33:11640-11654. [PMID: 31370704 PMCID: PMC6902721 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901175r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Impaired glycolysis has pathologic effects on the occurrence and progression of liver diseases, and it appears that glycolysis is increased to different degrees in different liver diseases. As an important post-translational modification, reversible lysine acetylation regulates almost all cellular processes, including glycolysis. Lysine acetylation can occur enzymatically with acetyltransferases or nonenzymatically with acetyl-coenzyme A. Accompanied by the progression of liver diseases, there seems to be a temporal and spatial variation between enzymatic and nonenzymatic acetylations in the regulation of glycolysis. Here, we summarize the most recent findings on the functions and targets of acetylation in controlling glycolysis in the different stages of liver diseases. In addition, we discuss the differences and causes between enzymatic and nonenzymatic acetylations in regulating glycolysis throughout the progression of liver diseases. Then, we review these new discoveries to provide the potential implications of these findings for therapeutic interventions in liver diseases.-Li, J., Wang, T., Xia, J., Yao, W., Huang, F. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic protein acetylations control glycolysis process in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li,
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongxin Wang,
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weilei Yao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feiruo Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Abstract
Cancer cells overexpress several transcription factors and motor proteins, such as NFkB and kinesin, to accommodate their high energy demand as well as migratory needs via enhanced glycolysis. We hypothesize that high glucose drives cancer progression and cell aggressiveness by decreasing actin expression, increasing NFkB, and kinesin expressions, and by activating Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Using lowly metastatic MCF-7 and highly metastatic MDA-MB231 (MB231) breast cancer cells - highly incident cancer types - we establish how glucose metabolism regulates actin and the biochemical changes that lead to alterations of cell mechanical properties. We find that higher glucose (15 and 30 mM) increases glycolytic enzymes, glucose uptake, migration speed, kinesin, Ki-67, and NFkB expressions (biomarkers), and hybrid EMT phenotype activation (adhesion molecules/cadherins). Downregulation of actin, increased expressions of motor protein and NFkB, and decreased nuclear stiffness - induced by higher glucose - result in a significant increase in the migration speed. Moreover, glucose deprivation using the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose decreases significantly the migration speed in both cancer cells. Thus, higher glucose promotes a more aggressive phenotype that promises to be a new target for cancer therapy and can help prevent cancer progression in diabetic patients by inhibiting glucose activated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna M Santos
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Fazle Hussain
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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24
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Badrinath N, Yoo SY. Mitochondria in cancer: in the aspects of tumorigenesis and targeted therapy. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1419-1430. [PMID: 30357389 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play pivotal roles in most eukaryotic cells, ranging from energy production to regulation of apoptosis. As sites of cellular respiration, mitochondria experience accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to damage in electron transport chain carriers. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as well as nuclear DNA are reported in various cancers. Mitochondria have a dual role in cancer: the development of tumors due to mutations in mitochondrial genome and the generation of ROS. Impairment in the mitochondria-regulated apoptosis pathway accelerates tumorigenesis. Numerous strategies targeting mitochondria have been developed to induce the mitochondrial (i.e. intrinsic) apoptosis pathway in cancer cells. This review elaborates the roles of mitochondria in cancer with respect to mutations and apoptosis and discusses mitochondria-targeting strategies as cancer therapies to enhance the killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanasamy Badrinath
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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25
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Tumor Energy Metabolism and Potential of 3-Bromopyruvate as an Inhibitor of Aerobic Glycolysis: Implications in Tumor Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030317. [PMID: 30845728 PMCID: PMC6468516 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor formation and growth depend on various biological metabolism processes that are distinctly different with normal tissues. Abnormal energy metabolism is one of the typical characteristics of tumors. It has been proven that most tumor cells highly rely on aerobic glycolysis to obtain energy rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon called “Warburg effect”. Thus, inhibition of aerobic glycolysis becomes an attractive strategy to specifically kill tumor cells, while normal cells remain unaffected. In recent years, a small molecule alkylating agent, 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA), being an effective glycolytic inhibitor, has shown great potential as a promising antitumor drug. Not only it targets glycolysis process, but also inhibits mitochondrial OXPHOS in tumor cells. Excellent antitumor effects of 3-BrPA were observed in cultured cells and tumor-bearing animal models. In this review, we described the energy metabolic pathways of tumor cells, mechanism of action and cellular targets of 3-BrPA, antitumor effects, and the underlying mechanism of 3-BrPA alone or in combination with other antitumor drugs (e.g., cisplatin, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, etc.) in vitro and in vivo. In addition, few human case studies of 3-BrPA were also involved. Finally, the novel chemotherapeutic strategies of 3-BrPA, including wafer, liposomal nanoparticle, aerosol, and conjugate formulations, were also discussed for future clinical application.
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26
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Pusec CM, De Jesus A, Khan MW, Terry AR, Ludvik AE, Xu K, Giancola N, Pervaiz H, Daviau Smith E, Ding X, Harrison S, Chandel NS, Becker TC, Hay N, Ardehali H, Cordoba-Chacon J, Layden BT. Hepatic HKDC1 Expression Contributes to Liver Metabolism. Endocrinology 2019; 160:313-330. [PMID: 30517626 PMCID: PMC6334269 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucokinase (GCK) is the principal hexokinase (HK) in the liver, operating as a glucose sensor to regulate glucose metabolism and lipid homeostasis. Recently, we proposed HK domain-containing 1 (HKDC1) to be a fifth HK with expression in the liver. Here, we reveal HKDC1 to have low glucose-phosphorylating ability and demonstrate its association with the mitochondria in hepatocytes. As we have shown previously that genetic deletion of HKDC1 leads to altered hepatic triglyceride levels, we also explored the influence of overexpression of HKDC1 in hepatocytes on cellular metabolism, observing reduced glycolytic capacity and maximal mitochondrial respiration with concurrent reductions in glucose oxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, we found that acute in vivo overexpression of HKDC1 in the liver induced substantial changes in mitochondrial dynamics. Altogether, these findings suggest that overexpression of HKDC1 causes mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. However, its overexpression was not enough to alter energy storage in the liver but led to mild improvement in glucose tolerance. We next investigated the conditions necessary to induce HKDC1 expression, observing HKDC1 expression to be elevated in human patients whose livers were at more advanced stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and similarly, found high liver expression in mice on diets causing high levels of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Overall, our data suggest that HKDC1 expression in hepatocytes results in defective mitochondrial function and altered hepatocellular metabolism and speculate that its expression in the liver may play a role in the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Pusec
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adam De Jesus
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Md Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alexander R Terry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anton E Ludvik
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kai Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nicholas Giancola
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Haaris Pervaiz
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Xianzhong Ding
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | | | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas C Becker
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nissim Hay
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jose Cordoba-Chacon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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27
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Hexokinases are key enzymes that are responsible for the first reaction of glycolysis, but they also moonlight other cellular processes, including mitochondrial redox signaling regulation. Modulation of hexokinase activity and spatiotemporal location by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as other gasotransmitters serves as the basis for a unique, underexplored method of tight and flexible regulation of these fundamental enzymes. Recent Advances: Redox modifications of thiols serve as a molecular code that enables the precise and complex regulation of hexokinases. Redox regulation of hexokinases is also used by multiple parasites to cause widespread and severe diseases, including malaria, Chagas disease, and sleeping sickness. Redox-active molecules affect each other, and the moonlighting activity of hexokinases provides another feedback loop that affects the cellular redox status and is hijacked in malignantly transformed cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Several compounds affect the redox status of hexokinases in vivo. These include the dehydroascorbic acid (oxidized form of vitamin C), pyrrolidinium porrolidine-1-carbodithioate (contraceptive), peroxynitrite (product of ethanol metabolism), alloxan (a glucose analog), and isobenzothiazolinone ebselen. However, very limited information is available regarding which amino acid residues in hexokinases are affected by redox signaling. Except in cases of monogenic diabetes, direct evidence is absent for disease phenotypes that are associated with variations within motifs that are susceptible to redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further studies should address the propensity of hexokinases and their disease-associated variants to participate in redox regulation. Robust and straightforward proteomic methods are needed to understand the context and consequences of hexokinase-mediated redox regulation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Alves A, Mamede A, Alves M, Oliveira P, Rocha S, Botelho M, Maia C. Glycolysis Inhibition as a Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment? Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2018; 19:26-40. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180430144441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently detected primary malignant liver tumor, representing a worldwide public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The HCC is commonly detected in advanced stage, precluding the use of treatments with curative intent. For this reason, it is crucial to find effective therapies for HCC. Cancer cells have a high dependence of glycolysis for ATP production, especially under hypoxic environment. Such dependence provides a reliable possible strategy to specifically target cancer cells based on the inhibition of glycolysis. HCC, such as other cancer types, presents a clinically well-known upregulation of several glycolytic key enzymes and proteins, including glucose transporters particularly glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Such enzymes and proteins constitute potential targets for therapy. Indeed, for some of these targets, several inhibitors were already reported, such as 2-Deoxyglucose, Imatinib or Flavonoids. Although the inhibition of glycolysis presents a great potential for an anticancer therapy, the development of glycolytic inhibitors as a new class of anticancer agents needs to be more explored. Herein, we propose to summarize, discuss and present an overview on the different approaches to inhibit the glycolytic metabolism in cancer cells, which may be very effective in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.P. Alves
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - A.C. Mamede
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - M.G. Alves
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - P.F. Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S.M. Rocha
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - M.F. Botelho
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C.J. Maia
- Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
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Diedrich JD, Herroon MK, Rajagurubandara E, Podgorski I. The Lipid Side of Bone Marrow Adipocytes: How Tumor Cells Adapt and Survive in Bone. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018; 16:443-457. [PMID: 29869753 PMCID: PMC6853185 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bone marrow adipocytes have emerged in recent years as key contributors to metastatic progression in bone. In this review, we focus specifically on their role as the suppliers of lipids and discuss pro-survival pathways that are closely linked to lipid metabolism, affected by the adipocyte-tumor cell interactions, and likely impacting the ability of the tumor cell to thrive in bone marrow space and evade therapy. RECENT FINDINGS The combined in silico, pre-clinical, and clinical evidence shows that in adipocyte-rich tissues such as bone marrow, tumor cells rely on exogenous lipids for regulation of cellular energetics and adaptation to harsh metabolic conditions of the metastatic niche. Adipocyte-supplied lipids have a potential to alter the cell's metabolic decisions by regulating glycolysis and respiration, fatty acid oxidation, lipid desaturation, and PPAR signaling. The downstream effects of lipid signaling on mitochondrial homeostasis ultimately control life vs. death decisions, providing a mechanism for gaining survival advantage and reduced sensitivity to treatment. There is a need for future research directed towards identifying the key metabolic and signaling pathways that regulate tumor dependence on exogenous lipids and consequently drive the pro-survival behavior in the bone marrow niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Diedrich
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Rm 6304, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mackenzie K Herroon
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Rm 6304, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Erandi Rajagurubandara
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Rm 6304, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Rm 6304, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Bioenergetics of life, disease and death phenomena. Theory Biosci 2018; 137:155-168. [PMID: 29992378 PMCID: PMC6208829 DOI: 10.1007/s12064-018-0266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this article, some new aspects of unified cell bioenergetics are presented. From the perspective of unified cell bioenergetics certain subsequent stages of cancer development, from initiation stage, through transformation to metastasis, are analyzed. Here we show that after transformation, cancer cells are permanently exposed to reactive oxygen species, that causes continual random DNA mutations and as a result genome and chromosomal destabilizations. The modern cancer attractor hypothesis has been extended in explaining cancer development. Discussion is conducted in light of current cancerogenesis research, including bioenergetic cancer initiation, the somatic mutation theory and the tissue organization field theory. In the article reasons complicating the discovery of patterns of cancer genome changes and cancer evolution are presented. In addition certain cancer therapeutic aspects are given attention to.
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Roosterman D, Meyerhof W, Cottrell GS. Proton Transport Chains in Glucose Metabolism: Mind the Proton. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:404. [PMID: 29962930 PMCID: PMC6014028 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway comprises eleven cytosolic enzymes interacting to metabolize glucose to lactic acid [CH3CH(OH)COOH]. Glycolysis is largely considered as the conversion of glucose to pyruvate (CH3COCOO-). We consider glycolysis to be a cellular process and as such, transporters mediating glucose uptake and lactic acid release and enable the flow of metabolites through the cell, must be considered as part of the EMP pathway. In this review, we consider the flow of metabolites to be coupled to a flow of energy that is irreversible and sufficient to form ordered structures. This latter principle is highlighted by discussing that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) complexes irreversibly reduce pyruvate/H+ to lactate [CH3CH(OH)COO-], or irreversibly catalyze the opposite reaction, oxidation of lactate to pyruvate/H+. However, both LDH complexes are considered to be driven by postulated proton transport chains. Metabolism of glucose to two lactic acids is introduced as a unidirectional, continuously flowing pathway. In an organism, cell membrane-located proton-linked monocarboxylate transporters catalyze the final step of glycolysis, the release of lactic acid. Consequently, both pyruvate and lactate are discussed as intermediate products of glycolysis and substrates of regulated crosscuts of the glycolytic flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Simabuco FM, Morale MG, Pavan IC, Morelli AP, Silva FR, Tamura RE. p53 and metabolism: from mechanism to therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23780-23823. [PMID: 29805774 PMCID: PMC5955117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cell changes itself and its microenvironment to adapt to different situations, including action of drugs and other agents targeting tumor control. Therefore, metabolism plays an important role in the activation of survival mechanisms to keep the cell proliferative potential. The Warburg effect directs the cellular metabolism towards an aerobic glycolytic pathway, despite the fact that it generates less adenosine triphosphate than oxidative phosphorylation; because it creates the building blocks necessary for cell proliferation. The transcription factor p53 is the master tumor suppressor; it binds to more than 4,000 sites in the genome and regulates the expression of more than 500 genes. Among these genes are important regulators of metabolism, affecting glucose, lipids and amino acids metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and growth factors signaling. Wild-type and mutant p53 may have opposing effects in the expression of these metabolic genes. Therefore, depending on the p53 status of the cell, drugs that target metabolism may have different outcomes and metabolism may modulate drug resistance. Conversely, induction of p53 expression may regulate differently the tumor cell metabolism, inducing senescence, autophagy and apoptosis, which are dependent on the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or ROS induction. The interplay between p53 and metabolism is essential in the decision of cell fate and for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M. Simabuco
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian G. Morale
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora C.B. Pavan
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Morelli
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R. Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo E. Tamura
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Long-term prognostic implications and therapeutic target role of hexokinase II in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:21287-97. [PMID: 26848773 PMCID: PMC5008285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells preferentially use anaerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation to generate energy. Hexokinase II (HK-II) is necessary for anaerobic glycolysis and displays aberrant expression in malignant cells. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of HK-II in the survival and biological function of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Our study demonstrated that high expression of HK-II was associated with poor survival outcomes in NPC patients. When using 3-BrOP (an HK-II inhibitor) to repress glycolysis, cell proliferation and invasion were attenuated, accompanied by the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage. Furthermore, 3-BrOP synergized with cisplatin (DDP) to induce NPC cell death. Collectively, we provided that the aberrant expression of HK-II was associated with the malignant phenotype of NPC. A combined treatment modality that targets glycolysis with DDP holds promise for the treatment of NPC patients.
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Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate couples glycolytic flux to activation of Ras. Nat Commun 2017; 8:922. [PMID: 29030545 PMCID: PMC5640605 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast and cancer cells share the unusual characteristic of favoring fermentation of sugar over respiration. We now reveal an evolutionary conserved mechanism linking fermentation to activation of Ras, a major regulator of cell proliferation in yeast and mammalian cells, and prime proto-oncogene product. A yeast mutant (tps1∆) with overactive influx of glucose into glycolysis and hyperaccumulation of Fru1,6bisP, shows hyperactivation of Ras, which causes its glucose growth defect by triggering apoptosis. Fru1,6bisP is a potent activator of Ras in permeabilized yeast cells, likely acting through Cdc25. As in yeast, glucose triggers activation of Ras and its downstream targets MEK and ERK in mammalian cells. Biolayer interferometry measurements show that physiological concentrations of Fru1,6bisP stimulate dissociation of the pure Sos1/H-Ras complex. Thermal shift assay confirms direct binding to Sos1, the mammalian ortholog of Cdc25. Our results suggest that the Warburg effect creates a vicious cycle through Fru1,6bisP activation of Ras, by which enhanced fermentation stimulates oncogenic potency. Yeast and cancer cells both favor sugar fermentation in aerobic conditions. Here the authors describe a conserved mechanism from yeast to mammals where the glycolysis intermediate fructose-1,6-bisphosphate binds Cdc25/Sos1 and couples increased glycolytic flux to increased Ras proto-oncoprotein activity.
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35
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Global metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer occurs at adenoma stage and is induced by MYC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E7697-E7706. [PMID: 28847964 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710366114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells alter their metabolism for the production of precursors of macromolecules. However, the control mechanisms underlying this reprogramming are poorly understood. Here we show that metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer is caused chiefly by aberrant MYC expression. Multiomics-based analyses of paired normal and tumor tissues from 275 patients with colorectal cancer revealed that metabolic alterations occur at the adenoma stage of carcinogenesis, in a manner not associated with specific gene mutations involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. MYC expression induced at least 215 metabolic reactions by changing the expression levels of 121 metabolic genes and 39 transporter genes. Further, MYC negatively regulated the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and maintenance but positively regulated genes involved in DNA and histone methylation. Knockdown of MYC in colorectal cancer cells reset the altered metabolism and suppressed cell growth. Moreover, inhibition of MYC target pyrimidine synthesis genes such as CAD, UMPS, and CTPS blocked cell growth, and thus are potential targets for colorectal cancer therapy.
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36
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Jin M, Fuller GG, Han T, Yao Y, Alessi AF, Freeberg MA, Roach N, Moresco JJ, Karnovsky A, Baba M, Yates JR, Gitler AD, Inoki K, Klionsky DJ, Kim JK. Glycolytic Enzymes Coalesce in G Bodies under Hypoxic Stress. Cell Rep 2017; 20:895-908. [PMID: 28746874 PMCID: PMC5586494 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is upregulated under conditions such as hypoxia and high energy demand to promote cell proliferation, although the mechanism remains poorly understood. We find that hypoxia in Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces concentration of glycolytic enzymes, including the Pfk2p subunit of the rate-limiting phosphofructokinase, into a single, non-membrane-bound granule termed the "glycolytic body" or "G body." A yeast kinome screen identifies the yeast ortholog of AMP-activated protein kinase, Snf1p, as necessary for G-body formation. Many G-body components identified by proteomics are required for G-body integrity. Cells incapable of forming G bodies in hypoxia display abnormal cell division and produce inviable daughter cells. Conversely, cells with G bodies show increased glucose consumption and decreased levels of glycolytic intermediates. Importantly, G bodies form in human hepatocarcinoma cells in hypoxia. Together, our results suggest that G body formation is a conserved, adaptive response to increase glycolytic output during hypoxia or tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Jin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Ting Han
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Amelia F Alessi
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Mallory A Freeberg
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | - James J Moresco
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Alla Karnovsky
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Misuzu Baba
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015 Japan
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ken Inoki
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and the Division of Nephrology in the Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA,corresponding authors: John K Kim, Ph.D., Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218-2683, . Daniel J Klionsky, Ph.D., Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216,
| | - John K Kim
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,corresponding authors: John K Kim, Ph.D., Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218-2683, . Daniel J Klionsky, Ph.D., Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216,
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37
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Danhier P, Bański P, Payen VL, Grasso D, Ippolito L, Sonveaux P, Porporato PE. Cancer metabolism in space and time: Beyond the Warburg effect. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:556-572. [PMID: 28167100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Altered metabolism in cancer cells is pivotal for tumor growth, most notably by providing energy, reducing equivalents and building blocks while several metabolites exert a signaling function promoting tumor growth and progression. A cancer tissue cannot be simply reduced to a bulk of proliferating cells. Tumors are indeed complex and dynamic structures where single cells can heterogeneously perform various biological activities with different metabolic requirements. Because tumors are composed of different types of cells with metabolic activities affected by different spatial and temporal contexts, it is important to address metabolism taking into account cellular and biological heterogeneity. In this review, we describe this heterogeneity also in metabolic fluxes, thus showing the relative contribution of different metabolic activities to tumor progression according to the cellular context. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Mitochondria in Cancer, edited by Giuseppe Gasparre, Rodrigue Rossignol and Pierre Sonveaux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Danhier
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 73 box B1.73.08, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piotr Bański
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valéry L Payen
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Debora Grasso
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino Italy.
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The HK2 Dependent "Warburg Effect" and Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Cancer: Targets for Effective Therapy with 3-Bromopyruvate. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121730. [PMID: 27983708 PMCID: PMC6273842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the metabolism of cancer cells, especially with respect to the "Warburg" and "Crabtree" effects. This work also summarizes two key discoveries, one of which relates to hexokinase-2 (HK2), a major player in both the "Warburg effect" and cancer cell immortalization. The second discovery relates to the finding that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, derive as much as 60% of their ATP from glycolysis via the "Warburg effect", and the remaining 40% is derived from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Also described are selected anticancer agents which generally act as strong energy blockers inside cancer cells. Among them, much attention has focused on 3-bromopyruvate (3BP). This small alkylating compound targets both the "Warburg effect", i.e., elevated glycolysis even in the presence oxygen, as well as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells. Normal cells remain unharmed. 3BP rapidly kills cancer cells growing in tissue culture, eradicates tumors in animals, and prevents metastasis. In addition, properly formulated 3BP shows promise also as an effective anti-liver cancer agent in humans and is effective also toward cancers known as "multiple myeloma". Finally, 3BP has been shown to significantly extend the life of a human patient for which no other options were available. Thus, it can be stated that 3BP is a very promising new anti-cancer agent in the process of undergoing clinical development.
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Li H, Zheng L, Mo Y, Gong Q, Jiang A, Zhao J. Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1(VDAC1) Participates the Apoptosis of the Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Desminopathy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167908. [PMID: 27941998 PMCID: PMC5152834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Desminopathies caused by the mutation in the gene coding for desmin are genetically protein aggregation myopathies. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of pathological changes in the desminopathies at the earliest stage. The molecular mechanisms of mitochondria dysfunction in desminopathies remain exclusive. VDAC1 regulates mitochondrial uptake across the outer membrane and mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). Relationships between desminopathies and Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) remain unclear. Here we successfully constructed the desminopathy rat model, evaluated with conventional stains, containing hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Gomori Trichrome (MGT), (PAS), red oil (ORO), NADH-TR, SDH staining and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence results showed that VDAC1 was accumulated in the desmin highly stained area of muscle fibers of desminopathy patients or desminopathy rat model compared to the normal ones. Meanwhile apoptosis related proteins bax and ATF2 were involved in desminopathy patients and desminopathy rat model, but not bcl-2, bcl-xl or HK2.VDAC1 and desmin are closely relevant in the tissue splices of deminopathies patients and rats with desminopathy at protein lever. Moreover, apoptotic proteins are also involved in the desminopathies, like bax, ATF2, but not bcl-2, bcl-xl or HK2. This pathological analysis presents the correlation between VDAC1 and desmin, and apoptosis related proteins are correlated in the desminopathy. Furthermore, we provide a rat model of desminopathy for the investigation of desmin related myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyin Li
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Yanqing Mo
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Aihua Jiang
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Internal Neurology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai (Minhang Hospital, Fudan University), Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R.China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Angleys H, Jespersen SN, Østergaard L. The Effects of Capillary Transit Time Heterogeneity (CTH) on the Cerebral Uptake of Glucose and Glucose Analogs: Application to FDG and Comparison to Oxygen Uptake. Front Comput Neurosci 2016; 10:103. [PMID: 27790110 PMCID: PMC5062759 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2016.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the brain's principal source of ATP, but the extent to which cerebral glucose consumption (CMRglc) is coupled with its oxygen consumption (CMRO2) remains unclear. Measurements of the brain's oxygen-glucose index OGI = CMRO2/CMRglc suggest that its oxygen uptake largely suffices for oxidative phosphorylation. Nevertheless, during functional activation and in some disease states, brain tissue seemingly produces lactate although cerebral blood flow (CBF) delivers sufficient oxygen, so-called aerobic glycolysis. OGI measurements, in turn, are method-dependent in that estimates based on glucose analog uptake depend on the so-called lumped constant (LC) to arrive at CMRglc. Capillary transit time heterogeneity (CTH), which is believed to change during functional activation and in some disease states, affects the extraction efficacy of oxygen from blood. We developed a three-compartment model of glucose extraction to examine whether CTH also affects glucose extraction into brain tissue. We then combined this model with our previous model of oxygen extraction to examine whether differential glucose and oxygen extraction might favor non-oxidative glucose metabolism under certain conditions. Our model predicts that glucose uptake is largely unaffected by changes in its plasma concentration, while changes in CBF and CTH affect glucose and oxygen uptake to different extents. Accordingly, functional hyperemia facilitates glucose uptake more than oxygen uptake, favoring aerobic glycolysis during enhanced energy demands. Applying our model to glucose analogs, we observe that LC depends on physiological state, with a risk of overestimating relative increases in CMRglc during functional activation by as much as 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Angleys
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sune N Jespersen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark; Department of Neuroradiology, Aarhus University HospitalAarhus, Denmark
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Medina-Aguilar R, Pérez-Plasencia C, Marchat LA, Gariglio P, García Mena J, Rodríguez Cuevas S, Ruíz-García E, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Hernández Juárez J, Flores-Pérez A, López-Camarillo C. Methylation Landscape of Human Breast Cancer Cells in Response to Dietary Compound Resveratrol. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157866. [PMID: 27355345 PMCID: PMC4927060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is a frequent epigenetic alteration in cancer cells that has emerged as a pivotal mechanism for tumorigenesis. Accordingly, novel therapies targeting the epigenome are being explored with the aim to restore normal DNA methylation patterns on oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A limited number of studies indicate that dietary compound resveratrol modulates DNA methylation of several cancer-related genes; however a complete view of changes in methylome by resveratrol has not been reported yet. In this study we performed a genome-wide survey of DNA methylation signatures in triple negative breast cancer cells exposed to resveratrol. Our data showed that resveratrol treatment for 24 h and 48 h decreased gene promoter hypermethylation and increased DNA hypomethylation. Of 2476 hypermethylated genes in control cells, 1,459 and 1,547 were differentially hypomethylated after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Remarkably, resveratrol did not induce widespread non-specific DNA hyper- or hypomethylation as changes in methylation were found in only 12.5% of 27,728 CpG loci. Moreover, resveratrol restores the hypomethylated and hypermethylated status of key tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, respectively. Importantly, the integrative analysis of methylome and transcriptome profiles in response to resveratrol showed that methylation alterations were concordant with changes in mRNA expression. Our findings reveal for the first time the impact of resveratrol on the methylome of breast cancer cells and identify novel potential targets for epigenetic therapy. We propose that resveratrol may be considered as a dietary epidrug as it may exert its anti-tumor activities by modifying the methylation status of cancer -related genes which deserves further in vivo characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jaime García Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Ali Flores-Pérez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
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42
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Dai W, Wang F, Lu J, Xia Y, He L, Chen K, Li J, Li S, Liu T, Zheng Y, Wang J, Lu W, Zhou Y, Yin Q, Abudumijiti H, Chen R, Zhang R, Zhou L, Zhou Z, Zhu R, Yang J, Wang C, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Xu L, Guo C. By reducing hexokinase 2, resveratrol induces apoptosis in HCC cells addicted to aerobic glycolysis and inhibits tumor growth in mice. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13703-17. [PMID: 25938543 PMCID: PMC4537043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit an altered metabolic phenotype known as the aerobic glycolysis. The expression of HK2 changes the metabolic phenotype of cells to support cancerous growth. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on HK2 expression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell glycolysis. Aerobic glycolysis was observed in four HCC cell lines compared to the normal hepatic cells. Resveratrol sensitized aerobic glycolytic HCC cells to apoptosis, and this effect was attenuated by glycolytic inhibitors. The induction of mitochondrial apoptosis was associated with the decrease of HK2 expression by resveratrol in HCC cells. In addition, resveratrol enhanced sorafenib induced cell growth inhibition in aerobic glycolytic HCC cells. Combination treatment with both reagents inhibited the growth and promoted apoptosis of HCC-bearing mice. The reduction of HK2 by resveratrol provides a new dimension to clinical HCC therapies aimed at preventing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxia Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huerxidan Abudumijiti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Jiaotong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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43
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Kaplia AA, Sorokina LV, Khyzhnyak SV. [REPROGRAMMING OF MITOCHONDRIAL ENERGY METABOLISM IN MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS]. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2016; 87:19-35. [PMID: 27025057 DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel ideas of fundamental role of mitochondria in the maintenance of viability of malignant cells have been reviewed. The modern state of research is considered in detail, including: mitochondrial control of the cellular redox state, sites of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in inner mitochondrial membrane and antioxidant protection systems. Specificities of the structural-functional mitochondrial remodelling in malignant tumors, the mechanisms of the energy metabolism reprogramming, enhancement of the ROS production and adaptation to the hypoxic conditions and metabolic stress are analyzed. The available data including our research on transplanted tumors indicate that cytotoxic action of sodium dichloroacetate (the inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase) depends on biological properties of tumors and intensity of structural-functional mitochondrial rearrangement. Dichloroacetate turned out to be effective for sarcoma 37, but not for Lewis lung carcinoma.
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44
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Liu Z, Sun Y, Tan S, Liu L, Hu S, Huo H, Li M, Cui Q, Yu M. Nutrient deprivation-related OXPHOS/glycolysis interconversion via HIF-1α/C-MYC pathway in U251 cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6661-71. [PMID: 26646563 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the Warburg effect is a dominant metabolic phenotype observed in cancers, the metabolic changes and adaptation occurring in tumors have been demonstrated to extend beyond the Warburg effect and thus considered a secondary effect to the transformation process of carcinogenesis, including nutritional deficiencies. However, the role of nutritional deficiencies in this metabolic reprogramming (e. g., oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)/glycolysis interconversion) is not completely known yet. Here, we showed that under regular culture condition, the proliferation of U251 cells, but not other tumor cell lines, preferentially performed the Warburg effect and was remarkably inhibited by oxamic acid which can inhibit the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); whereas under serum starvation, glycolysis was depressed, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) was enhanced, and the activity of OXPHOS was reinforced to maintain cellular ATP content in a high level, but interestingly, we observed a decreased expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the upregulated activity of mitochondrial complex I was confirmed by Western blots and showed that the mitochondrial-related protein, NDUFA9, NDUFB8, ND1, and VDAC1 were remarkably increased after serum starved. Mechanistically, nutritional deficiencies could reduce hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-1α) protein expression to increase C-MYC protein level, which in turn increased nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) transcription to enhance the activity of OXPHOS, suggesting that metabolic reprogramming by the changes of microenvironment during the carcinogenesis can provide some novel therapeutic clues to traditional cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shirui Tan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Suqiong Hu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Hongyu Huo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Meizhang Li
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Min Yu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China. .,Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of High Education in Yunnan Province, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
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45
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Dysregulated metabolism contributes to oncogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S129-S150. [PMID: 26454069 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease characterized by unrestrained cellular proliferation. In order to sustain growth, cancer cells undergo a complex metabolic rearrangement characterized by changes in metabolic pathways involved in energy production and biosynthetic processes. The relevance of the metabolic transformation of cancer cells has been recently included in the updated version of the review "Hallmarks of Cancer", where dysregulation of cellular metabolism was included as an emerging hallmark. While several lines of evidence suggest that metabolic rewiring is orchestrated by the concerted action of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, in some circumstances altered metabolism can play a primary role in oncogenesis. Recently, mutations of cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes involved in key metabolic pathways have been associated with hereditary and sporadic forms of cancer. Together, these results demonstrate that aberrant metabolism, once seen just as an epiphenomenon of oncogenic reprogramming, plays a key role in oncogenesis with the power to control both genetic and epigenetic events in cells. In this review, we discuss the relationship between metabolism and cancer, as part of a larger effort to identify a broad-spectrum of therapeutic approaches. We focus on major alterations in nutrient metabolism and the emerging link between metabolism and epigenetics. Finally, we discuss potential strategies to manipulate metabolism in cancer and tradeoffs that should be considered. More research on the suite of metabolic alterations in cancer holds the potential to discover novel approaches to treat it.
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46
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Moon JS, Hisata S, Park MA, DeNicola GM, Ryter SW, Nakahira K, Choi AMK. mTORC1-Induced HK1-Dependent Glycolysis Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Cell Rep 2015; 12:102-115. [PMID: 26119735 PMCID: PMC4858438 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates activation of immune cells and cellular energy metabolism. Although glycolysis has been linked to immune functions, the mechanisms by which glycolysis regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that mTORC1-induced glycolysis provides an essential mechanism for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, we demonstrate that hexokinase 1 (HK1)-dependent glycolysis, under the regulation of mTORC1, represents a critical metabolic pathway for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Downregulation of glycolysis by inhibition of Raptor/mTORC1 or HK1 suppressed both pro-IL-1β maturation and caspase-1 activation in macrophages in response to LPS and ATP. These results suggest that upregulation of HK1-dependent glycolysis by mTORC1 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Seok Moon
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shu Hisata
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mi-Ae Park
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stefan W Ryter
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kiichi Nakahira
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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47
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Zhuo B, Li Y, Li Z, Qin H, Sun Q, Zhang F, Shen Y, Shi Y, Wang R. PI3K/Akt signaling mediated Hexokinase-2 expression inhibits cell apoptosis and promotes tumor growth in pediatric osteosarcoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:401-6. [PMID: 26116768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that PI3K/Akt pathway is frequently hyperactivated in osteosarcoma (OS) and contributes to tumor initiation and progression. Altered phenotype of glucose metabolism is a key hallmark of cancer cells including OS. However, the relationship between PI3K/Akt pathway and glucose metabolism in OS remains largely unexplored. In this study, we showed that elevated Hexokinase-2 (HK2) expression, which catalyzes the first essential step of glucose metabolism by conversion of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate, was induced by activated PI3K/Akt signaling. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that HK2 was overexpressed in 83.3% (25/30) specimens detected and was closely correlated with Ki67, a cell proliferation index. Silencing of endogenous HK2 resulted in decreased aerobic glycolysis as demonstrated by reduced glucose consumption and lactate production. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling also suppressed aerobic glycolysis and this effect can be reversed by reintroduction of HK2. Furthermore, knockdown of HK2 led to increased cell apoptosis and reduced ability of colony formation; meanwhile, these effects were blocked by 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), a glycolysis inhibitor through its actions on hexokinase, indicating that HK2 functions in cell apoptosis and growth were mediated by altered aerobic glycolysis. Taken together, our study reveals a novel relationship between PI3K/Akt signaling and aerobic glycolysis and indicates that PI3K/Akt/HK2 might be potential therapeutic approaches for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baobiao Zhuo
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Haihui Qin
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Qingzeng Sun
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Fengfei Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Yingchun Shi
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, PR China.
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48
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Identification of a mitochondrial-binding site on the N-terminal end of hexokinase II. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:BSR20150047. [PMID: 26182367 PMCID: PMC4613670 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexokinase II (HKII) is responsible for the first step in the glycolysis pathway by adding a phosphate on to the glucose molecule so it can proceed down the pathway to produce the energy for continuous cancer cell growth. Tumour cells overexpress the HKII enzyme. In fact, it is the overexpression of the HKII enzyme that makes the diagnosis of cancer possible when imaged by positron emission tomography (PET). HKII binds to the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) located on the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). When bound to the MOM, HKII is blocking a major cell death pathway. Thus, HKII is responsible for two characteristics of cancer cells, rapid tumour growth and inability of cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. One method to identify novel compounds that may interfere with the HKII-VDAC-binding site is to create a molecular model using the crystal structure of HKII. However, the amino acid(s) responsible for HKII binding to VDAC are not known. Therefore, a series of truncations and point mutations were made to the N-terminal end of HKII to identify the binding site to VDAC. Deletions of the first 10 and 20 amino acids indicated that important amino acid(s) for binding were located within the first 10 amino acids. Next, a series of point mutations were made within the first 10 amino acids. It is clear from the immunofluorescence images and immunoblot results that mutating the fifth amino acid from histidine to proline completely abolished binding to the MOM.
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49
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Li Y, Lu Z, Liang Z, Ji D, Zhang P, Liu Q, Zheng X, Yao Y. Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma, partly by promoting proliferation through enhanced glucose metabolism. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:426-34. [PMID: 25738944 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) is a newly identified gene that is involved in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however its investigation has not been comprehensive. In the present study, in vitro techniques, including immunohistochemistry, western blotting, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, metabolic assay, MTT assay, colony formation assay and prognostic analysis were used to confirm the involvement of MACC1 in HCC. Histological examination confirmed that the protein expression of MACC1 was upregulated in HCC and was associated with the hexokinase-2 (HK2) protein, which also indicates a poor prognosis. Knockdown of MACC1 induced the reduction of glycogen consumption and lactate production, which then lead to a marked reduction of proliferation in the MHCC-97H cells. However, the overexpression of MACC1 produced the opposite results in the HepG2 cells. These results suggested that MACC1 leads to a poor prognosis in HCC, partly by promoting proliferation via enhancement in glucose metabolism by HK2. Therefore, this pathway has the potential to become an important therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqing Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhongtang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zheyong Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Dong Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yingmin Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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50
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Tulalamba W, Larbcharoensub N, Sirachainan E, Tantiwetrueangdet A, Janvilisri T. Transcriptome meta-analysis reveals dysregulated pathways in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5931-42. [PMID: 25724187 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant cancer arising from the epithelial surface of the nasopharynx that mostly appears in advanced stages of the disease, leading to a poor prognosis. To date, a number of mRNA profiling investigations on NPC have been reported in order to identify suitable biomarkers for early detection. However, the results may be specific to each study with distinct sample types. In this study, an integrative meta-analysis of NPC transcriptome data was performed to determine dysregulated pathways, potentially leading to identification of molecular markers. Ten independent NPC gene expression profiling microarray datasets, including 135 samples from NPC cell lines, primary cell lines, and tissues were assimilated into a meta-analysis and cross-validation to identify a cohort of genes that were significantly dysregulated in NPC. Bioinformatics analyses of these genes revealed the significant pathways and individual players involving in cellular metabolism, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, as well as ErbB pathway. Altogether, we propose that dysregulation of these molecular pathways in NPC might play a role in the NPC pathogenesis, providing clues, which could eventually translate into diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warut Tulalamba
- Graduate Programme in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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