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Belot A, Puy H, Hamza I, Bonkovsky HL. Update on heme biosynthesis, tissue-specific regulation, heme transport, relation to iron metabolism and cellular energy. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 38888238 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Heme is a primordial macrocycle upon which most aerobic life on Earth depends. It is essential to the survival and health of nearly all cells, functioning as a prosthetic group for oxygen-carrying proteins and enzymes involved in oxidation/reduction and electron transport reactions. Heme is essential for the function of numerous hemoproteins and has numerous other roles in the biochemistry of life. In mammals, heme is synthesised from glycine, succinyl-CoA, and ferrous iron in a series of eight steps. The first and normally rate-controlling step is catalysed by 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS), which has two forms: ALAS1 is the housekeeping form with highly variable expression, depending upon the supply of the end-product heme, which acts to repress its activity; ALAS2 is the erythroid form, which is regulated chiefly by the adequacy of iron for erythroid haemoglobin synthesis. Abnormalities in the several enzymes of the heme synthetic pathway, most of which are inherited partial enzyme deficiencies, give rise to rare diseases called porphyrias. The existence and role of heme importers and exporters in mammals have been debated. Recent evidence established the presence of heme transporters. Such transporters are important for the transfer of heme from mitochondria, where the penultimate and ultimate steps of heme synthesis occur, and for the transfer of heme from cytoplasm to other cellular organelles. Several chaperones of heme and iron are known and important for cell health. Heme and iron, although promoters of oxidative stress and potentially toxic, are essential cofactors for cellular energy production and oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Belot
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Herve Puy
- Centre Français des Porphyries, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1149, Paris, France
| | - Iqbal Hamza
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Herbert L Bonkovsky
- Section on Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Ramos S, Jeney V, Figueiredo A, Paixão T, Sambo MR, Quinhentos V, Martins R, Gouveia Z, Carlos AR, Ferreira A, Pais TF, Lainé H, Faísca P, Rebelo S, Cardoso S, Tolosano E, Penha-Gonçalves C, Soares MP. Targeting circulating labile heme as a defense strategy against malaria. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302276. [PMID: 38307624 PMCID: PMC10837040 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe presentations of malaria emerge as Plasmodium (P.) spp. parasites invade and lyse red blood cells (RBC), producing extracellular hemoglobin (HB), from which labile heme is released. Here, we tested whether scavenging of extracellular HB and/or labile heme, by haptoglobin (HP) and/or hemopexin (HPX), respectively, counter the pathogenesis of severe presentations of malaria. We found that circulating labile heme is an independent risk factor for cerebral and non-cerebral presentations of severe P. falciparum malaria in children. Labile heme was negatively correlated with circulating HP and HPX, which were, however, not risk factors for severe P. falciparum malaria. Genetic Hp and/or Hpx deletion in mice led to labile heme accumulation in plasma and kidneys, upon Plasmodium infection This was associated with higher incidence of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) in ageing but not adult Plasmodium-infected mice, and was corroborated by an inverse correlation between heme and HPX with serological markers of AKI in P. falciparum malaria. In conclusion, HP and HPX act in an age-dependent manner to prevent the pathogenesis of severe presentation of malaria in mice and presumably in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ramos
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Viktoria Jeney
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiredo
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago Paixão
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Sambo
- Hospital Pediátrico David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Agostinho Neto, Luanda, Angola
| | - Vatúsia Quinhentos
- Hospital Pediátrico David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Agostinho Neto, Luanda, Angola
| | - Rui Martins
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Zélia Gouveia
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Carlos
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Teresa F Pais
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Hugo Lainé
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro Faísca
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia Rebelo
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Silvia Cardoso
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Miguel P Soares
- https://ror.org/04b08hq31 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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3
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Fukuda R, Shima R, Shibukawa S, Murakami T. Comprehensive Analysis of Drug Loading into Engineered Lipoprotein Nanoparticles toward Their Eye Drop Application. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:99-103. [PMID: 38156817 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The drug loading capacity of an engineered lipoprotein (eLP1) and the colloidal stability of drug-loaded eLP1s were assessed with 12 drugs with different charges/hydrophobicities. The capacity was largely correlated with their log P values, and the binding to the protein moiety was suggested for two drugs. The size of drug-loaded eLP1 formulations after freeze-drying followed by resolubilization hardly changed. The eLP1 formulation of travoprost, a clinically used drug in eye drop formulations, maintained its small size (19 nm) for 1 h at 37 °C in an artificial tear solution, whereas the liposome counterpart of 112 nm in diameter aggregated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fukuda
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Rumina Shima
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Shiori Shibukawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Murakami
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Gáll T, Nagy P, Garai D, Potor L, Balla GJ, Balla G, Balla J. Overview on hydrogen sulfide-mediated suppression of vascular calcification and hemoglobin/heme-mediated vascular damage in atherosclerosis. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102504. [PMID: 36240620 PMCID: PMC9576974 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques with hemorrhage considerably contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Calcification is the main characteristic of advanced atherosclerotic lesions and calcified aortic valve disease (CAVD). Lyses of red blood cells and hemoglobin (Hb) release occur in human hemorrhagic complicated lesions. During the interaction of cell-free Hb with plaque constituents, Hb is oxidized to ferric and ferryl states accompanied by oxidative changes of the globin moieties and heme release. Accumulation of both ferryl-Hb and metHb has been observed in atherosclerotic plaques. The oxidation hotspots in the globin chain are the cysteine and tyrosine amino acids associated with the generation of Hb dimers, tetramers and polymers. Moreover, fragmentation of Hb occurs leading to the formation of globin-derived peptides. A series of these pro-atherogenic cellular responses can be suppressed by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Since H2S has been explored to exhibit a wide range of physiologic functions to maintain vascular homeostasis, it is not surprising that H2S may play beneficial effects in the progression of atherosclerosis. In the present review, we summarize the findings about the effects of H2S on atherosclerosis and CAVD with a special emphasis on the oxidation of Hb/heme in atherosclerotic plaque development and vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Gáll
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, 11003, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Oncochemistry, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Garai
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Potor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, 11003, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - György Balla
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, 11003, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, 11003, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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5
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Song D, Yeh CT, Wang J, Guo F. Perspectives on the mechanism of pyroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2022; 13:989503. [PMID: 36131917 PMCID: PMC9484305 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.989503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a highly harmful neurological disorder with high rates of mortality, disability, and recurrence. However, effective therapies are not currently available. Secondary immune injury and cell death are the leading causes of brain injury and a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death that differs from apoptosis and necrosis and is mediated by gasdermin proteins. Pyroptosis is caused by multiple pathways that eventually form pores in the cell membrane, facilitating the release of inflammatory substances and causing the cell to rupture and die. Pyroptosis occurs in neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells after ICH. Furthermore, pyroptosis causes cell death and releases inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, leading to a secondary immune-inflammatory response and further brain damage. The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway plays the most critical role in pyroptosis after ICH. Pyroptosis can be inhibited by directly targeting NLRP3 or its upstream molecules, or directly interfering with caspase-1 expression and GSDMD formation, thus significantly improving the prognosis of ICH. The present review discusses key pathological pathways and regulatory mechanisms of pyroptosis after ICH and suggests possible intervention strategies to mitigate pyroptosis and brain dysfunction after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengpan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
| | - Fuyou Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
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6
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Gürkan SE. Impact of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles (NiO) on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Hemocyte Counts of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3429-3441. [PMID: 35279797 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the toxic effects of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) on the model organism Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) gill, digestive gland, and hemolymph tissues for 96 h were investigated. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) determination was performed to reveal the oxidative stress generation potential of nanoparticles, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzyme levels were measured to determine antioxidant responses. Lysosomal membrane stability and total hemocyte counts were performed to determine cytotoxic effects. All parameters were altered in different concentrations of NiO-NPs (2, 20, and 200 mg L-1). The SOD levels increased depending on the concentration (p < 0.05), and the increases in CAT, GPx, and GST levels were lower at 20 mg L-1 concentration (p < 0.05). There was a slight difference between the exposure and the control groups in terms of GR enzyme. The MDA level increased in parallel with the concentration (p < 0.05), the stability of the cell membrane (p < 0.05), and the number of hemocyte cells decreased as a result of exposure (p < 0.05). The results emphasize that NiO-NPs may have negative effects on the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Ertürk Gürkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey.
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7
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Tsolaki VDC, Georgiou-Siafis SK, Tsamadou AI, Tsiftsoglou SA, Samiotaki M, Panayotou G, Tsiftsoglou AS. Hemin accumulation and identification of a heme-binding protein clan in K562 cells by proteomic and computational analysis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1315-1340. [PMID: 34617268 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heme (iron protoporphyrin IX) is an essential regulator conserved in all known organisms. We investigated the kinetics of intracellular accumulation of hemin (oxidized form) in human transformed proerythroid K562 cells using [14 C]-hemin and observed that it is time and temperature-dependent, affected by the presence of serum proteins, as well as the amphipathic/hydrophobic properties of hemin. Hemin-uptake exhibited saturation kinetics as a function of the concentration added, suggesting the involvement of a carrier-cell surface receptor-mediated process. The majority of intracellular hemin accumulated in the cytoplasm, while a substantial portion entered the nucleus. Cytosolic proteins isolated by hemin-agarose affinity column chromatography (HACC) were found to form stable complexes with [59 Fe]-hemin. The HACC fractionation and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of cytosolic, mitochondrial, and nuclear protein isolates from K562 cell extracts revealed the presence of a large number of hemin-binding proteins (HeBPs) of diverse ontologies, including heat shock proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, enzymes, and signaling proteins such as actinin a4, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 as well as several others. The subsequent computational analysis of the identified HeBPs using HemoQuest confirmed the presence of various hemin/heme-binding motifs [C(X)nC, H, Y] in their primary structures and conformations. The possibility that these HeBPs contribute to a heme intracellular trafficking protein network involved in the homeostatic regulation of the pool and overall functions of heme is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki-Dimitra C Tsolaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.TH.), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia K Georgiou-Siafis
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.TH.), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina I Tsamadou
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.TH.), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos A Tsiftsoglou
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.TH.), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute of Bioinnovation, B.S.R.C. "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Attiki, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Institute of Bioinnovation, B.S.R.C. "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Attiki, Greece
| | - Asterios S Tsiftsoglou
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.TH.), Thessaloniki, Greece
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8
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Silva RCMC, Tan L, Rodrigues DA, Prestes EB, Gomes CP, Gama AM, Oliveira PLD, Paiva CN, Manoury B, Bozza MT. Chloroquine inhibits pro-inflammatory effects of heme on macrophages and invivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 173:104-116. [PMID: 34303829 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloroquine has been used successfully to treat Malaria, including by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium sp., indicating that it has effects on disease itself. Since heme has inflammatory effects and contributes to the pathogenesis of hemolytic diseases, we hypothesize that the anti-inflammatory effect of chloroquine is partially due to its inhibitory effect on heme-induced macrophage activation and on inflammatory tissue damage. METHODS Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were incubated with chloroquine before stimulation with heme, in different conditions, to evaluate cytokines secretion, ROS production, mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) or spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) activation, alone or combined with LPS. The effects of chloroquine upon heme inflammation were also evaluated in vivo, through simultaneous i.p. injection of LPS and heme, intratracheal instillation of Poly-IC followed by heme injection, and in a rhabdomyolysis model. RESULTS Chloroquine inhibited TNF secretion, mitochondrial ROS production, MAPK, and Syk activation induced by heme. Inhibition of TNF production could be mimicked by zinc ionophore quercetin, but not by primaquine, a chloroquine analog with low affinity for heme. IL-6 and IL-1β secretions induced by heme in the presence of PRRs agonists were inhibited by chloroquine, but not by calcium chelator BAPTA or inhibitor of endosomal acidification concamycin B. Chloroquine also protected mice from heme inflammatory effects in vivo, inhibiting lethal synergism with PRR agonists, lung pathology caused by heme injection after intratracheal instillation of Poly-IC, and delaying death after rhabdomyolisis. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that chloroquine might be used as a supportive therapy to control heme-induced deleterious inflammation in different hemolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Cardoso Maciel Costa Silva
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institut Necker Enfants Malades. INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France; Laboratório Intermediário de Imunoreceptores e Sinalização Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis Tan
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danielle Aparecida Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa Beatriz Prestes
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institut Necker Enfants Malades. INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Pereira Gomes
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreza Moreira Gama
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lagerblad de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Insetos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia Neto Paiva
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Benedicte Manoury
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades. INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France
| | - Marcelo Torres Bozza
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Thant SW, Morales NP, Buranasudja V, Sritularak B, Luechapudiporn R. Protective Effect of Lusianthridin on Hemin-Induced Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:567. [PMID: 34198641 PMCID: PMC8232130 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Hemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of hemoglobin that can be found in thalassemia patients. Hemin is a strong oxidant that can cause LDL oxidation and contributes to atherosclerosis in thalassemia patients. Lusianthridin from Dendrobium venustrum is a phenolic compound that possesses antioxidant activity. Hence, lusianthridin could be a promising compound to be used against hemin-induced oxidative stress. The major goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of lusianthridin on hemin-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation (he-oxLDL). Here, various concentrations of lusianthridin (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 µM) were preincubated with LDL for 30 min, then 5 µM of hemin was added to initiate the oxidation, and oxidative parameters were measured at various times of incubation (0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h). Lipid peroxidation of LDL was measured by thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARs) assay and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM). The lipid composition of LDL was analyzed by using reverse-phase HPLC. Foam cell formation with he-oxLDL in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells was detected by Oil Red O staining. The results indicated that lusianthridin could inhibit TBARs formation, decrease REM, decrease oxidized lipid products, as well as preserve the level of cholesteryl arachidonate and cholesteryl linoleate. Moreover, He-oxLDL incubated with lusianthridin for 24 h can reduce the foam cell formation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Taken together, lusianthridin could be a potential agent to be used to prevent atherosclerosis in thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Wutyi Thant
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | | | - Visarut Buranasudja
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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10
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Sato S, Nakamura H. Labeling of Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress Hotspots by Hemin-Catalyzed Tyrosine Click. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:885-890. [PMID: 32879229 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosyl radical generation is one of the major factors for hemin/peroxide-induced oxidative stress. A method for trapping tyrosyl radical directly was developed using N-methyl luminol derivative, a tyrosine labeling reagent. N-Methyl luminol derivative selectively forms a covalent bond with a tyrosine residue under the single-electron oxidation condition. This reaction labels oxidative stress hotspots not only at the protein level but also at the level of tyrosine residues undergoing oxidation. Human serum albumin complexed with hemin was labeled at Tyr138, the tyrosine residue closest to the hemin binding site and most strongly subjected to oxidative stress caused by hemin/H2O2. Oxidatively damaged proteins were visualized in protein mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Sato
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University.,Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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11
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Morales NP, Chunephisal P, Janprasit J, Ishida Y, Luechapudiporn R, Yamada KI. Kinetics and localisation of haemin-induced lipoprotein oxidation. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:968-978. [PMID: 31452415 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1660323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Haemin (iron (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is a degradation product of haemoglobin in circulating erythrocytes. Haemin may play a key oxidising agent for lipoprotein oxidation in patients with haemolytic anaemia. In this study, kinetic changes in chemical composition and target sites of haemin-induced LDL and HDL oxidation were investigated. Haemin initially induced the loss of α-tocopherol, followed by accumulation of lipid hydroperoxide (LP) and alteration of core lipid fluidity. The absence of LP in HDL was explained by the antioxidant activity of PON in addition to α-tocopherol. The target site of haemin was evaluated by ESR spin labelling with 5- and 16-doxyl steric acids. In the presence of t-BuOOH and haemin, ESR signal decay of the doxyl moiety demonstrated the initiation phase and the propagation phase of lipid peroxidation. The results of the lag time and the rate of signal decay indicated that haemin is located near the 16th carbon atom of the fatty acid chain in the phospholipid layer. The analyses of motion parameters, order parameter (S) of 5-DS and rotational correlation time (τ) of 16-DS, supported the observation that the lipid properties changed near the hydrophobic region rather than at the surface region of lipoproteins. Moreover, ESR spin labelling demonstrated that haemin molecules but not iron ions caused lipoprotein oxidation. In conclusion, haemin is a potent inducer of lipoprotein oxidation, and the target site for this oxidation is near the hydrophobic core of the lipoprotein leading to the loss of antioxidant activities and changes in lipid composition and physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jindaporn Janprasit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Yuma Ishida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
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12
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Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression and inhibition of disease-associated features by cannabidiol in vascular smooth muscle cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34595-34616. [PMID: 30349652 PMCID: PMC6195385 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) have been closely linked to the development and progression of cardiovascular and cancer diseases. The cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to mediate anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects in VSMC. This study investigates the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, on HO-1 expression and disease-associated functions of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMC). HO-1 protein and mRNA were significantly increased by CBD in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Although the expression of several cannabinoid-activated receptors (CB1, CB2, G protein-coupled receptor 55, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) was verified in HUASMC, CBD was shown to induce HO-1 via none of these targets. Instead, the CBD-mediated increase in HO-1 protein was reversed by the glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine, indicating the participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling; this was confirmed by flow cytometry-based ROS detection. CBD-induced HO-1 expression was accompanied by inhibition of growth factor-mediated proliferation and migration of HUASMC. However, neither inhibition of HO-1 activity nor knockdown of HO-1 protein attenuated CBD-mediated anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects. Indeed, inhibition or depletion of HO-1 resulted in induction of apoptosis and intensified CBD-mediated effects on proliferation and migration. Collectively, this work provides the first indication of CBD-mediated enhancement of HO-1 in VSMC and potential protective effects against aberrant VSMC proliferation and migration. On the other hand, our data argue against a role of HO-1 in CBD-mediated inhibition of proliferation and migration while substantiating its anti-apoptotic role in oxidative stress-mediated cell fate.
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13
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Vendrame F, Olops L, Saad STO, Costa FF, Fertrin KY. Differences in heme and hemopexin content in lipoproteins from patients with sickle cell disease. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:1532-1538. [PMID: 30219641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High blood cholesterol is associated with atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction. The latter is present in hemolytic diseases, such as sickle cell anemia, whose carriers have hypocholesterolemia and low incidence of coronary artery disease. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize cholesterol fractions in patients with sickle cell disease and explore the relationship among lipoproteins, varying degrees of hemolysis, and its biomarkers. METHODS We recruited 37 healthy individuals, 39 with hemoglobin SC disease, and 40 with sickle cell anemia and quantified cholesterol fractions, heme resulting from hemoglobin breakdown, and its main scavenger protein hemopexin. RESULTS Hypocholesterolemia was most significant in patients with sickle cell anemia, and cholesterol levels correlated positively with hemopexin. Nevertheless, patients still had higher relative low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation than healthy subjects. Analysis of lipoproteins isolated by density ultracentrifugation showed that the LDL fraction contained higher concentrations of heme than the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction, whereas HDL contained more hemopexin than LDL, albeit greatly reduced in patients. CONCLUSION Our findings show that the abnormally low lipoprotein levels in sickle cell anemia correlate with hemolysis markers, particularly with hemopexin concentrations, along with significant reduction of this heme scavenger in HDL fractions. This may suggest an important role for HDL in the defense against heme-induced endothelial dysfunction in hemolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Vendrame
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leticia Olops
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kleber Yotsumoto Fertrin
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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14
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Yalamanoglu A, Deuel JW, Hunt RC, Baek JH, Hassell K, Redinius K, Irwin DC, Schaer DJ, Buehler PW. Depletion of haptoglobin and hemopexin promote hemoglobin-mediated lipoprotein oxidation in sickle cell disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L765-L774. [PMID: 30047285 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00269.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravascular sickling and lysis of red blood cells, a hallmark feature of sickle cell disease (SCD), releases hemoglobin (Hb) into the circulation. Increased cell-free Hb has been linked to vasculopathy and in vitro lipid oxidation. Scavenger plasma proteins haptoglobin (Hp) and hemopexin (Hpx) can attenuate cell-free Hb and total plasma heme lipid-oxidative capacity but are depleted in SCD. Here, we isolated lipids from BERK-SS mice, guinea pigs (GP) infused with heme-albumin, and patients with SCD undergoing regular exchange transfusion therapy and evaluated the level of lipid oxidation. Malondialdehyde formation, an end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased in BERK-SS mice, purified lipid fractions of the heme-albumin infused GP, and patients with SCD compared with controls. In humans, the extent of lipid oxidation was associated with the absence of Hp as well as decreased Hpx in plasma samples. Postmortem pulmonary tissue obtained from patients with SCD demonstrated oxidized LDL deposition in the pulmonary artery. The relationship between no Hp and low Hpx levels with greater LDL and HDL oxidation demonstrates the loss of protection against cell-free Hb and total plasma heme-mediated lipid oxidation and tissue injury in SCD. Strategies to protect against plasma lipid oxidation by cell-free Hb and total plasma heme (e.g., therapeutic Hp and Hpx replacement) may diminish the deleterious effects of cell-free Hb and total plasma heme toward the vascular system in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Yalamanoglu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jeremy W Deuel
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Ryan C Hunt
- Division of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, United States Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jin Hyen Baek
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Kathryn Hassell
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katie Redinius
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David C Irwin
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dominik J Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Paul W Buehler
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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15
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Schwartz M, Böckmann S, Borchert P, Hinz B. SB202190 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of autophagy and heme oxygenase-1. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23149-23163. [PMID: 29796178 PMCID: PMC5955409 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway has been implicated in various detrimental events finally leading to endothelial dysfunction. The present study therefore investigates the impact of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 on the expression of the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as well as metabolic activity, apoptosis and autophagy of endothelial cells. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) SB202190 was found to cause a time- and concentration-dependent induction of HO-1 protein. Induction of HO-1 protein expression was mimicked by SB203580, another p38 MAPK inhibitor, but not by SB202474, an inactive structural analogue of p38 MAPK inhibitors. HO-1 induction by both SB202190 and SB203580 was also demonstrated by analysis of mRNA expression. On the functional level, SB202190 was shown to increase metabolic activity and autophagy of HUVEC along with diminishing basal apoptosis. Treatment of cells with tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX), a well-characterised HO-1 enzymatic inhibitor, or HO-1 siRNA left SB202190-modulated metabolic activity and autophagy virtually unaltered but caused a significant reversal of the anti-apoptotic action of SB202190. Conversely, however, HO-1 expression by SB202190 became completely suppressed by the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1. Bafilomycin A1 likewise fully reversed effects of SB202190 on metabolic activity and apoptosis, albeit significantly inducing apoptosis per se. Collectively, this work demonstrates SB202190 to confer upstream induction of autophagy followed by HO-1 induction resulting in potential protective effects against apoptosis. On the other hand, our data oppose HO-1 to contribute to SB202190-mediated increases in metabolic activity and autophagy, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Schwartz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sabine Böckmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philipp Borchert
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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16
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Chaniad P, Morales NP, Rojsitthisak P, Luechapudiporn R. Effects of turmeric extract on hemin-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prapaporn Chaniad
- Interdisciplinary Program in Pharmacology, Graduate School; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- School of Medicine; Walailak University; Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | | | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Rataya Luechapudiporn
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
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17
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Hemin- and myoglobin-catalyzed reaction of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3- sn -phosphatidylcholine 13-hydroperoxide with γ-tocopherol in micelles and liposomes. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 209:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Gouveia Z, Carlos AR, Yuan X, Aires-da-Silva F, Stocker R, Maghzal GJ, Leal SS, Gomes CM, Todorovic S, Iranzo O, Ramos S, Santos AC, Hamza I, Gonçalves J, Soares MP. Characterization of plasma labile heme in hemolytic conditions. FEBS J 2017; 284:3278-3301. [PMID: 28783254 PMCID: PMC5978748 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular hemoglobin, a byproduct of hemolysis, can release its prosthetic heme groups upon oxidation. This produces metabolically active heme that is exchangeable between acceptor proteins, macromolecules and low molecular weight ligands, termed here labile heme. As it accumulates in plasma labile heme acts in a pro‐oxidant manner and regulates cellular metabolism while exerting pro‐inflammatory and cytotoxic effects that foster the pathogenesis of hemolytic diseases. Here, we developed and characterized a panel of heme‐specific single domain antibodies (sdAbs) that together with a cellular‐based heme reporter assay, allow for quantification and characterization of labile heme in plasma during hemolytic conditions. Using these approaches, we demonstrate that when generated during hemolytic conditions labile heme is bound to plasma molecules with an affinity higher than 10−7m and that 2–8% (~ 2–5 μm) of the total amount of heme detected in plasma can be internalized by bystander cells, termed here bioavailable heme. Acute, but not chronic, hemolysis is associated with transient reduction of plasma heme‐binding capacity, that is, the ability of plasma molecules to bind labile heme with an affinity higher than 10−7m. The heme‐specific sdAbs neutralize the pro‐oxidant activity of soluble heme in vitro, suggesting that these maybe used to counter the pathologic effects of labile heme during hemolytic conditions. Finally, we show that heme‐specific sdAbs can be used to visualize cellular heme. In conclusion, we describe a panel of heme‐specific sdAbs that when used with other approaches provide novel insights to the pathophysiology of heme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana R Carlos
- Instituto Gulbenkian da Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Xiaojing Yuan
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences and Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- Technophage S.A., Lisboa, Portugal.,CIISA-Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Roland Stocker
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ghassan J Maghzal
- Vascular Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sónia S Leal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M Gomes
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Smilja Todorovic
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Susana Ramos
- Instituto Gulbenkian da Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana C Santos
- IMM, Faculdade Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.,CPM-URIA, Faculdade Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iqbal Hamza
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences and Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - João Gonçalves
- IMM, Faculdade Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.,CPM-URIA, Faculdade Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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19
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Wißbrock A, Kühl T, Silbermann K, Becker AJ, Ohlenschläger O, Imhof D. Synthesis and Evaluation of Amyloid β Derived and Amyloid β Independent Enhancers of the Peroxidase-like Activity of Heme. J Med Chem 2016; 60:373-385. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Wißbrock
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Brühler Strasse 7, 53119 Bonn, Germany
| | - Toni Kühl
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Brühler Strasse 7, 53119 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Silbermann
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Brühler Strasse 7, 53119 Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert J. Becker
- Institute
of Neuropathology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Ohlenschläger
- Leibniz Institute on Aging−Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Diana Imhof
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Brühler Strasse 7, 53119 Bonn, Germany
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20
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Tailor-made approach for selective isolation and elution of low-density lipoproteins by immunoaffinity sorbent on silica. Anal Biochem 2016; 514:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Chiang KH, Kao YT, Leu HB, Huang PH, Huang SS, Cheng TM, Pan JP. Higher post-acute myocardial infarction plasma haptoglobin level is associated with poor long-term overall survival. Int J Cardiol 2016; 229:102-107. [PMID: 27913007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association of post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) plasma haptoglobin (Hp) levels with long-term overall survival in AMI patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients who were diagnosed of AMI were recruited and their Hp phenotypes and plasma levels were determined. According to previously reported cutoff point for Hp level (288.4ng/ml), patients were classified as higher Hp group (>288.4ng/ml) and lower Hp group (≤288.4ng/ml). The primary outcome was overall survival. This study recruited and followed a total of 117 patients for a median of 11.0 (3.2-17.6) years. Higher Hp group had 46 patients (39.3%) and lower Hp group had 71 patients (60.7%). Twelve patients had Hp 1-1 (10.3%), 50 with Hp 2-1 (42.7%), and 55 with Hp 2-2 (47.0%). The lower Hp group had significantly better overall survival (174.1 [51.6-212.5] vs. 106.5 [22.2-209.1], P=0.037). There was no significant difference in overall survival between the three phenotype groups (P=0.477). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that increased age (adjusted HR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10, P<0.001) and higher Hp level (adjusted HR=1.65, 95%=1.02-2.67, P=0.040) were significantly associated with poor overall survival. CONCLUSION Higher post-AMI plasma Hp level was independently associated with poor overall survival in AMI patients. No significant difference in overall survival was noted between three Hp phenotype groups. Acute phase Hp level might reflect the severity of oxidative stress during inflammation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Hsing Chiang
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ta Kao
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Service Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Sung Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Service Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Mu Cheng
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Pin Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Catalytic effect of free iron ions and heme-iron on chromophore oxidation of a polyene antibiotic amphotericin B. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Winner MW, Sharkey-Toppen T, Zhang X, Pennell ML, Simonetti OP, Zweier JL, Vaccaro PS, Raman SV. Iron and noncontrast magnetic resonance T2* as a marker of intraplaque iron in human atherosclerosis. J Vasc Surg 2015; 61:1556-64. [PMID: 24674272 PMCID: PMC4175307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Iron has been implicated in atherogenesis and plaque destabilization, whereas less is known about iron-related proteins in this disease. We compared ex vivo quantities with in vivo vessel wall T2*, which is a noncontrast magnetic resonance relaxation time that quantitatively shortens with increased tissue iron content. We also tested the hypothesis that patients with carotid atherosclerosis have abnormal T2* times vs controls that would help support a role for iron in human atherosclerosis. METHODS Forty-six patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy and 14 subjects without carotid disease were prospectively enrolled to undergo carotid magnetic resonance imaging. Ex vivo measurements were performed on explanted plaque and 17 mammary artery samples. RESULTS Plaques vs normal arteries had higher levels of ferritin (median, 7.3 [interquartile range (IQR), 4-13.8] vs 1.0 [IQR, 0.6-1.3] ng/mg; P < .001) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (median, 0.17 [IQR, 0.12-0.30] vs 0.01 [IQR, 0.003-0.03] ng/mg; P < .001) as well as hepcidin (median, 8.7 [IQR, 4.6-12.4] vs 2.6 [IQR, 1.3-7.0] ng/mL; P = .03); serum hepcidin levels did not distinguish atherosclerosis patients from controls (median, 40.6 [IQR, 18.8-88.6] vs 33.9 [IQR, 17.6-55.2]; P = .42). Shorter in vivo T2* paralleled larger plaque volume (ρ = -.44; P = .01), and diseased arteries had shorter T2* values compared with controls (median, 17.7 ± 4.3 vs 23.0 ± 2.4 ms; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Diseased arteries have greater levels of iron-related proteins ex vivo and shorter T2* times in vivo. Further studies should help define the role of T2* as a biomarker of iron and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall W Winner
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Xiaolan Zhang
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael L Pennell
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Orlando P Simonetti
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jay L Zweier
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Patrick S Vaccaro
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Subha V Raman
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio.
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24
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Yamauchi R, Watanabe S, Martín AS, Iwamoto S. Effect of α-tocopherol on the hemin-catalyzed decomposition of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine 13-hydroperoxide in micelles and liposomes. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 184:61-8. [PMID: 25454362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The secondary process of lipid peroxidation produces some toxic aldehydes. Since this process takes place via free radical reaction in lipophilic circumstances, α-tocopherol would suppress the formation of such aldehydes by trapping free-radical intermediates. This study reports the effect of α-tocopherol on the hemin-catalyzed decomposition of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine 13-hydroperoxide (PLPC-OOH) in micelles and liposomes. PLPC-OOH and α-tocopherol were reacted with hemin in micelles, and the reaction products were characterized to be 1-palmitoyl-2-(α-tocopheroxy-12,13-epoxyoctadecenoyl)-3-sn-phosphatidylcholines (T-epoxyPLPC) and known compounds, 1-palmitoyl-2-[(8a-dioxy-α-tocopherone)-12,13-epoxyoctadecenoyl]-3-sn-phosphatidylcholines (TOO-epoxyPLPC) and α-tocopherol dimer. The hemin-catalyzed decomposition of PLPC-OOH in micelles produced hexanal as one of secondary aldehydic products. α-Tocopherol suppressed the formation of hexanal, and α-tocopherylquinone, α-tocopherol dimer, TOO-epoxyPLPC, and T-epoxyPLPC were detected during the reaction. In liposomes, α-tocopherol could partially suppress the formation of hexanal, and the main products were TOO-epoxyPLPC and α-tocopherol dimer. The results indicate that α-tocopherol may suppress the formation of hexanal by trapping the epoxyperoxyl and epoxyalkyl radicals derived from PLPC-OOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Siori Watanabe
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ana S Martín
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Iwamoto
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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Zhao X, Aronowski J. Nrf2 to pre-condition the brain against injury caused by products of hemolysis after ICH. Transl Stroke Res 2014; 4:71-5. [PMID: 23378859 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-012-0245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Brain damage caused by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is mediated in part by the toxicity of extravascular blood deposited in brain parenchyma during the hematoma formation. In this paper we discuss the therapeutic benefits and potential mechanisms associated with the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 regarding its role in defending brain tissue against toxicity of blood, a component of secondary injury. We emphasize the pleiotropic capacity of Nrf2 as it recruits multiple pathways aiming at reducing deleterious effects of blood lysis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Zhao
- University of Texas Medical School - Houston; Department of Neurology, Stroke Program
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Habib A, Finn AV. The role of iron metabolism as a mediator of macrophage inflammation and lipid handling in atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:195. [PMID: 25221512 PMCID: PMC4145350 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral needed for normal physiologic processes. While its function in oxygen transport and other important physiologic processes is well known, less is understood about its role in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Existing paradigms suggest iron as a driver of atherosclerosis through its actions as a pro-oxidant capable of causing lipid oxidation and tissue damage. Recently we and others have identified hemoglobin (Hb) derived iron as an important factor in determining macrophage differentiation and function in areas of intraplaque hemorrhage within human atherosclerosis. Hb associated macrophages, M(Hb), are distinct from traditional macrophage foam cells because they do not contain large amounts of lipid or inflammatory cytokines, are characterized by high levels of expression of mannose receptor (CD206) and CD163 in addition to producing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Despite the well-known role of iron as an catalyst capable of producing lipid peroxidation through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radical, we and others have shown that macrophages in areas of intraplaque hemorrhage demonstrate reduced intracellular iron and ROS which triggers production of anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as genes involved in cholesterol efflux. These data suggest that manipulation of macrophage iron itself may be a promising pharmacologic target for atherosclerosis prevention through its effects on macrophage inflammation and lipid metabolism. In this review we will summarize the current understanding of iron as it relates to plaque inflammation and discuss how further exploration of this subject may lead to new therapies for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwer Habib
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Aloke V Finn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
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Michel JB, Martin-Ventura JL, Nicoletti A, Ho-Tin-Noé B. Pathology of human plaque vulnerability: mechanisms and consequences of intraplaque haemorrhages. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:311-9. [PMID: 24726899 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherothrombotic diseases are still major causes of inability and mortality and fighting atherothrombosis remains a public health priority. The involvement of repeated intraplaque haemorrhages (IPH) in the evolution of atherothrombotic lesions towards complications was proposed as early as 1936. This important topic has been recently revisited and reviewed. Histological observations have been corroborated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of human carotid atheroma, identifying IPH as the main determinant of plaque evolution towards rupture. Beside the intimal integration of asymptomatic luminal coagulum, inward sprouting of neovessels from the adventitia towards the plaque, is one source of IPH in human atheroma. We recently described that directed neo-angiogenesis from the adventitia towards the plaque, across the media, is initiated by lipid mediators generated by the plaque on the luminal side, outwardly convected to the medial VSMCs. Subsequent stimulation of VSMC PPAR-γ receptors induces VEGF expression which causes centripetal sprouting of adventitial vessels. However, this neovascularization is considered to be immature and highly susceptible to leakage. The main cellular components of IPH are Red Blood Cells (RBCs), which with their haemoglobin content and their cell membrane components, particularly enriched in unesterified cholesterol, participate in both the oxidative process and cholesterol accumulation. The presence of iron, glycophorin A and ceroids provides evidence of RBCs. IPH also convey blood leukocytes and platelets and are sites prone to weak pathogen contamination. Therefore prevention and treatment of the biological consequences of IPH pave the way to innovative preventive strategies and improved therapeutic options in human atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonino Nicoletti
- UMR 1148 Inserm-Paris7 University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ho-Tin-Noé
- UMR 1148 Inserm-Paris7 University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
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Nascimento da Silva M, Sicchieri LB, Rodrigues de Oliveira Silva F, Andrade MF, Courrol LC. Liquid biopsy of atherosclerosis using protoporphyrin IX as a biomarker. Analyst 2014; 139:1383-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Camejo G, Hurt-Camejo E. Macrophages, extracellular matrix, and lipoproteins in arterial cholesterol balance. J Lipid Res 2013; 55:1-3. [PMID: 24253373 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.e045732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Germán Camejo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
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30
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Patel JV, Chackathayil J, Gammon B, Tracey I, Lovick A, Gill PS, Banerjee A, Scarff CA, Scrivens JH, Lip GY, Hughes EA. Is the higher risk of cardiovascular disease amongst South Asian populations linked to abnormalities of haemoglobin? A preliminary case control study. Atherosclerosis 2013; 226:198-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boyle JJ. Heme and haemoglobin direct macrophage Mhem phenotype and counter foam cell formation in areas of intraplaque haemorrhage. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23:453-61. [PMID: 22777293 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e328356b145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Several studies have recently shown that haemoglobin drives a novel macrophage subset that is protected from foam cell formation. RECENT FINDINGS In a previously overlooked area, two centres have independently shown that heme and haemoglobin drive an atheroprotective macrophage subset. We compare and contrast the approaches and findings of the laboratories and discuss some of the underlying biology and implications, concentrating on the aspects of lipidological relevance. SUMMARY Treatments based on direct heme-mimetics or other agonists of this pathway have enormous potential for linked antioxidant protection via heme oxygenase 1 and reduced foam cell formation via liver X receptor, a potent combination for treating atherosclerosis.
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Olsson MG, Allhorn M, Bülow L, Hansson SR, Ley D, Olsson ML, Schmidtchen A, Akerström B. Pathological conditions involving extracellular hemoglobin: molecular mechanisms, clinical significance, and novel therapeutic opportunities for α(1)-microglobulin. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:813-46. [PMID: 22324321 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) is the major oxygen (O(2))-carrying system of the blood but has many potentially dangerous side effects due to oxidation and reduction reactions of the heme-bound iron and O(2). Extracellular Hb, resulting from hemolysis or exogenous infusion, is shown to be an important pathogenic factor in a growing number of diseases. This review briefly outlines the oxidative/reductive toxic reactions of Hb and its metabolites. It also describes physiological protection mechanisms that have evolved against extracellular Hb, with a focus on the most recently discovered: the heme- and radical-binding protein α(1)-microglobulin (A1M). This protein is found in all vertebrates, including man, and operates by rapidly clearing cytosols and extravascular fluids of heme groups and free radicals released from Hb. Five groups of pathological conditions with high concentrations of extracellular Hb are described: hemolytic anemias and transfusion reactions, the pregnancy complication pre-eclampsia, cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage of premature infants, chronic inflammatory leg ulcers, and infusion of Hb-based O(2) carriers as blood substitutes. Finally, possible treatments of these conditions are discussed, giving a special attention to the described protective effects of A1M.
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Haber A, Aviram M, Gross Z. Variables that influence cellular uptake and cytotoxic/cytoprotective effects of macrocyclic iron complexes. Inorg Chem 2011; 51:28-30. [PMID: 22148393 DOI: 10.1021/ic202204u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the cellular uptake of macrocyclic iron(III) complexes by a facile method, accompanied by cell viability tests under both basal and induced oxidative stress, demonstrates that protection against intracellular oxidative stress requires reasonably high internalization and favorable anti/prooxidant profiles. Of the four tested complexes, only amphipolar iron(III) corrole met these criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Haber
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Pal C, Kundu MK, Bandyopadhyay U, Adhikari S. Synthesis of novel heme-interacting acridone derivatives to prevent free heme-mediated protein oxidation and degradation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3563-7. [PMID: 21600767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heme is an important prosthetic molecule for various hemoproteins and serves important function in living aerobic organisms. But degradation of hemoprotein, for example, hemoglobin during different pathological conditions leads to the release of heme, which is very toxic as it induces oxidative stress and inflammation due to its pro-oxidant nature. Thus, synthesis of compound that will detoxify free heme by interacting with it would be fruitful for the management of heme-induced pathogenesis. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel natural product arborinine and some other acridone derivatives, which interact with free heme. These acridones in vitro block heme-mediated protein oxidation and degradation, markers for heme-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Pal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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35
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Haber A, Aviram M, Gross Z. Protecting the beneficial functionality of lipoproteins by 1-Fe, a corrole-based catalytic antioxidant. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00448k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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GAPDH regulates cellular heme insertion into inducible nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:18004-9. [PMID: 20921417 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008133107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme proteins play essential roles in biology, but little is known about heme transport inside mammalian cells or how heme is inserted into soluble proteins. We recently found that nitric oxide (NO) blocks cells from inserting heme into several proteins, including cytochrome P450s, hemoglobin, NO synthases, and catalase. This finding led us to explore the basis for NO inhibition and to identify cytosolic proteins that may be involved, using inducible NO synthase (iNOS) as a model target. Surprisingly, we found that GAPDH plays a key role. GAPDH was associated with iNOS in cells. Pure GAPDH bound tightly to heme or to iNOS in an NO-sensitive manner. GAPDH knockdown inhibited heme insertion into iNOS and a GAPDH mutant with defective heme binding acted as a dominant negative inhibitor of iNOS heme insertion. Exposing cells to NO either from a chemical donor or by iNOS induction caused GAPDH to become S-nitrosylated at Cys152. Expressing a GAPDH C152S mutant in cells or providing a drug to selectively block GAPDH S-nitrosylation both made heme insertion into iNOS resistant to the NO inhibition. We propose that GAPDH delivers heme to iNOS through a process that is regulated by its S-nitrosylation. Our findings may uncover a fundamental step in intracellular heme trafficking, and reveal a mechanism whereby NO can govern the process.
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Yoshida H, Kisugi R. Mechanisms of LDL oxidation. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:1875-82. [PMID: 20816951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Many lines of evidence suggest that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This review summarizes a diversity of mechanisms proposed for LDL oxidation serving for the so-called "LDL oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis". METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the literature and our research results related to mechanisms of LDL oxidation and its atherogenesis. LDL oxidation is catalyzed by transition metal ions and several free radicals, and LDL is also oxidized by some oxidizing enzymes. In this way, LDL can be converted to a form that is recognized specifically by and with high affinity to macrophage scavenger receptors, leading to foam cell formation, the defining characteristic of fatty streak lesions. CONCLUSIONS Several pathways are involved in the promotion of LDL oxidation in vitro and in vivo, but it would appear that the physiologically relevant mechanisms of LDL oxidation are still imperfectly understood. The underlying mechanisms of LDL oxidation must be further explored to reveal appropriate ways for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis and its relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
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38
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Mitchell AJ, Pradel LC, Chasson L, Van Rooijen N, Grau GE, Hunt NH, Chimini G. Technical advance: autofluorescence as a tool for myeloid cell analysis. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 88:597-603. [PMID: 20534703 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0310184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular AF is usually considered a hindrance to flow cytometric analysis. Here, we incorporate AF into analysis of complex mixtures of leukocytes. Using a mouse model, we examined cellular AF at multiple excitation and emission wavelengths, and populations with discrete patterns were gated and examined for surface marker expression. In the spleen, all major myeloid populations were identified. In particular, the approach allowed simultaneous characterization of RPM and resident monocytes. When monocytes and RPM were compared, RPM exhibited a phenotype that was consistent with involvement in physiological processes, including expression of genes involved in lipid and iron metabolism. The presence of large amounts of stored ferric iron within RPM enabled purification of these cells using a magnetic-based approach. When adapted for use on leukocytes isolated from a range of other organs, incorporation of AF into analysis allowed identification and isolation of biologically important myeloid populations, including subsets that were not readily identifiable by conventional cytometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Mitchell
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM-CNRS-Université de La Méditerranée, Marseille, France.
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Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HO) catabolize free heme, that is, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin (IX), into equimolar amounts of Fe(2+), carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin. The stress-responsive HO-1 isoenzyme affords protection against programmed cell death. The mechanism underlying this cytoprotective effect relies on the ability of HO-1 to catabolize free heme and prevent it from sensitizing cells to undergo programmed cell death. This cytoprotective effect inhibits the pathogenesis of a variety of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Kapiotis S, Hermann M, Exner M, Sturm BN, Scheiber-Mojdehkar B, Goldenberg H, Kopp S, Chiba P, Gmeiner BMK. Aluminum ions stimulate the oxidizability of low density lipoprotein by Fe2+: Implication in hemodialysis mediated atherogenic LDL modification. Free Radic Res 2009; 39:1225-31. [PMID: 16298749 DOI: 10.1080/10715760500306968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Al(3+) stimulates Fe(2+) induced lipid oxidation in liposomal and cellular systems. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation may render the particle atherogenic. As elevated levels of Al(3+) and increased lipid oxidation of LDL are found in sera of hemodialysis patients, we investigated the influence of Al(3+) on LDL oxidation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using different LDL modifying systems (Fe(2+), Cu(2+), free radical generating compounds, human endothelial cells, hemin/H(2)O(2) and HOCl), the influence of Al(3+) on LDL lipid and apoprotein alteration was investigated by altered electrophoretic mobility, lipid hydroperoxide-, conjugated diene- and TBARS formation. RESULTS Al(3+) could stimulate the oxidizability of LDL by Fe(2+), but not in the other systems tested. Al(3+) and Fe(2+) were found to bind to LDL and Al(3+)could compete with Fe(2+) binding to the lipoprotein. Fluorescence polarization data indicated that Al(3+) does not affect the phospholipid compartment of LDL. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that increased LDL oxidation by Fe(2+) in presence of Al(3+) might be due to blockage of Fe(2+) binding sites on LDL making more free Fe(2+) available for lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Kapiotis
- Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Raman SV, Winner MW, Tran T, Velayutham M, Simonetti OP, Baker PB, Olesik J, McCarthy B, Ferketich AK, Zweier JL. In vivo atherosclerotic plaque characterization using magnetic susceptibility distinguishes symptom-producing plaques. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2009; 1:49-57. [PMID: 19356405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the role of iron deposition in atherosclerotic plaque instability using a novel approach of in vivo plaque characterization by a noninvasive, noncontrast magnetic resonance-based T2* measurement. This approach was validated using ex vivo plaque analyses to establish that T2* accurately reflects intraplaque iron composition. BACKGROUND Iron catalyzes free radical production, a key step for lipid peroxidation and atherosclerosis development. The parameter T2* measures tissue magnetic susceptibility, which historically has been used to quantify hepatic and myocardial iron. The T2* measurement has not been used for in vivo plaque characterization in patients with atherosclerosis. METHODS Thirty-nine patients referred for carotid endarterectomy were prospectively enrolled to undergo preoperative carotid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postoperative analysis of the explanted plaque. Clinical history of any symptoms attributable to each carotid lesion was recorded. We could not complete MRI in 4 subjects because of their claustrophobia, and 3 patients scanned before the institution of a neck stabilizer had motion artifact, precluding quantification. RESULTS Symptomatic patients had significantly lower plaque T2* values (20.0 +/- 1.8 ms) compared with asymptomatic patients (34.4 +/- 2.7 ms, p < 0.001). Analytical methods demonstrated similar total iron (138.6 +/- 36.5 microg/g vs. 165.8 +/- 48.3 microg/g, p = NS) but less low molecular weight Fe(III) (7.3 +/- 3.8 microg/g vs. 17.7 +/- 4.0 microg/g, p < 0.05) in the explanted plaques of symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients, respectively, which is consistent with a shift in iron from Fe(III) to greater amounts of T2*-shortening forms of iron. Mass spectroscopy also showed significantly lower calcium (37.5 +/- 10.8 mg/g vs. 123.6 +/- 19.3 mg/g, p < 0.01) and greater copper (3.2 +/- 0.5 microg/g vs. 1.7 +/- 0.1 microg/g, p < 0.01) in plaques from symptomatic patients. CONCLUSIONS In vivo measurement of intraplaque T2* using MRI is feasible and distinguishes symptom-producing from non-symptom-producing plaques in patients with carotid artery atherosclerosis. Symptom-producing plaques demonstrated characteristic changes in iron forms by ex vivo analysis, supporting the dynamic presence of iron in the microenvironment of atherosclerotic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha V Raman
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Heart Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Pócsi I, Jeney V, Kertai P, Pócsi I, Emri T, Gyémánt G, Fésüs L, Balla J, Balla G. Fungal siderophores function as protective agents of LDL oxidation and are promising anti-atherosclerotic metabolites in functional food. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 52:1434-47. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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D'Amelio P, Cristofaro MA, Tamone C, Morra E, Di Bella S, Isaia G, Grimaldi A, Gennero L, Gariboldi A, Ponzetto A, Pescarmona GP, Isaia GC. Role of iron metabolism and oxidative damage in postmenopausal bone loss. Bone 2008; 43:1010-5. [PMID: 18771759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that iron-deficient rats have lower bone mass than iron-replete animals, but a clear association between bone and iron repletion has not been demonstrated in humans. A growing body of evidences also suggests a relation between lipid oxidation and bone metabolism and between iron metabolism and LDL oxidation. Iron availability to cells also depends on haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes. Hp has also important antioxidant properties according to its phenotype, hence we evaluate whether Hp phenotype could influence bone density, iron metabolism and lipid oxidation. This cross-sectional study enrolled 455 postmenopausal women affected by osteoporosis (260) or not (195). Bone mineral density, markers of bone and iron metabolism, levels of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and Hp phenotype were measured in all the subjects. Hp 1.1 and 2.2 frequency was higher and Hp 2.1 was lower in the patients with fragility fractures (80) compared with the controls. We therefore evaluate different Hp phenotypes as risk or protective factors against fragility fracture: Hp 2.1 is a protective factor against fracture while 1.1 is an important and 2.2 a moderate risk factor for fragility fractures. Lower serum iron was associated with elevated transferrin in patients with Hp 1.1; moreover patients had relative iron deficiency compared with the controls and fractured patients had higher level of oxLDL. We found that both iron metabolism and oxLDL varies according to Hp phenotypes and are predictive of bone density. Our data indicate that Hp 2.1 is a protective factor for fragility fractures, depending on its role on iron metabolism and its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D'Amelio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Haber A, Mahammed A, Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Coleman R, Hayek T, Aviram M, Gross Z. Amphiphilic/Bipolar metallocorroles that catalyze the decomposition of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, rescue lipoproteins from oxidative damage, and attenuate atherosclerosis in mice. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7896-900. [PMID: 18798207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Haber
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
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45
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Redox-Reactive Autoantibodies: Biochemistry, Characterization, and Specificities. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2008; 37:49-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-008-8093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Haber A, Mahammed A, Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Coleman R, Hayek T, Aviram M, Gross Z. Amphiphilic/Bipolar Metallocorroles That Catalyze the Decomposition of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species, Rescue Lipoproteins from Oxidative Damage, and Attenuate Atherosclerosis in Mice. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from activated phagocytes are involved in the innate immune defense against pathogens. However, when released in excess and when the antioxidant systems are impaired, ROS may induce cellular and tissue damage and dissociation of iron ions or iron containing compounds (heme) from protein-bound state. Free iron ions and free heme are prooxidative. Immunoglobulins usually perform their biological functions at sites of inflammation, where they may encounter reactive oxygen species and/or redox active compounds. It has been demonstrated that the exposure of some antibodies to heme, to transition metal ions or to reactive oxygen species induces an appearance of new binding specificities for various autoantigens. This review article is devoted to the interplay between redox active agents and antibodies. The biological significance of the appearance of new antigen binding specificities on antibodies after exposure to redox-active agents is discussed.
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Schwertner HA, Vítek L. Gilbert syndrome, UGT1A1*28 allele, and cardiovascular disease risk: possible protective effects and therapeutic applications of bilirubin. Atherosclerosis 2008; 198:1-11. [PMID: 18343383 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Revised: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Serum bilirubin has been shown to be inversely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both retrospective and prospective studies. Meta-analysis of existing studies has also confirmed that serum bilirubin concentrations are inversely related to CVD. Less information is known about the protective effects of slightly elevated serum bilirubin concentrations. In this review, we will focus primarily on the association of serum bilirubin and CVD and the possible protective roles of bilirubin, heme oxygenase (HO), and bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1). HO and biliverdin reductase control the formation of bilirubin, whereas UGT1A1 controls bilirubin conjugation and clearance. Because of the health and therapeutic implications of slightly elevated serum bilirubin concentrations, we will discuss the recent prospective studies on cardiovascular risk in individuals with Gilbert syndrome (GS) as well as those with the UGT1A1*28 allele. Such individuals have decreased hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity, decreased bilirubin clearance, and increased serum bilirubin concentrations. Lastly, we will discuss some of the therapeutic approaches that could be used to increase serum bilirubin concentrations to prevent CVD and other oxidative and inflammatory diseases.
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Chow JM, Huang GC, Lin HY, Shen SC, Yang LY, Chen YC. Cytotoxic effects of metal protoporphyrins in glioblastoma cells: Roles of albumin, reactive oxygen species, and heme oxygenase-1. Toxicol Lett 2008; 177:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2007] [Revised: 12/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Noh JH. Serum Bilirubin and Coronary Artery Disease. KOREAN DIABETES JOURNAL 2008. [DOI: 10.4093/kdj.2008.32.4.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, Korea
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