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Surve TAN, Sharma DD, Khan KG, Ghanie N, Charanrak R, Sharifa M, Begum S, Auz MJ, Akbarova N, Mylavarapu M. A Comprehensive Review of the Intersection Between Asthma and Depression. J Asthma 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38415695 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2324862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective To emphasize the necessity for increased research in this field, incorporating depression into the preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations for asthma. Additionally, we seek to highlight upcoming advancements that can be applied to simultaneously address these comorbidities, ultimately improving the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals coping with these conditions.Methods A rigorous search in PubMed using the MeSH terms "asthma" and "depression" was performed, and papers were screened by the authors in view of their eligibility to contribute to the study.Results There exists a correlation between these two conditions, with specific biological mechanisms and genetic factors playing a crucial role in their concurrent occurrence. In this review, we present preclinical and clinical research data, shed light on the possible mechanisms contributing to the co-occurrence of symptoms associated with both asthma and depression, and explore the intricate relationship between both conditions.Conclusion The evidence presented here supports the existence of a correlation between asthma and depression. By acknowledging these shared biological mechanisms, genetic factors, and epidemiological trends, we can formulate more efficacious strategies for addressing the dual impact of asthma and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maneeth Mylavarapu
- MBBS, Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Public Health, Adelphi University, NY, USA.
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Ciubuc-Batcu MT, Stapelberg NJC, Headrick JP, Renshaw GMC. A mitochondrial nexus in major depressive disorder: Integration with the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166920. [PMID: 37913835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Nervous system processes, including cognition and affective state, fundamentally rely on mitochondria. Impaired mitochondrial function is evident in major depressive disorder (MDD), reflecting cumulative detrimental influences of both extrinsic and intrinsic stressors, genetic predisposition, and mutation. Glucocorticoid 'stress' pathways converge on mitochondria; oxidative and nitrosative stresses in MDD are largely mitochondrial in origin; both initiate cascades promoting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage with disruptions to mitochondrial biogenesis and tryptophan catabolism. Mitochondrial dysfunction facilitates proinflammatory dysbiosis while directly triggering immuno-inflammatory activation via released mtDNA, mitochondrial lipids and mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs), further disrupting mitochondrial function and mitochondrial quality control, promoting the accumulation of abnormal mitochondria (confirmed in autopsy studies). Established and putative mechanisms highlight a mitochondrial nexus within the psycho-immune neuroendocrine (PINE) network implicated in MDD. Whether lowering neuronal resilience and thresholds for disease, or linking mechanistic nodes within the MDD pathogenic network, impaired mitochondrial function emerges as an important risk, a functional biomarker, providing a therapeutic target in MDD. Several treatment modalities have been demonstrated to reset mitochondrial function, which could benefit those with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Ciubuc-Batcu
- Griffith University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Australia; Gold Coast Health, Queensland, Australia
| | - N J C Stapelberg
- Bond University Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Australia; Gold Coast Health, Queensland, Australia
| | - J P Headrick
- Griffith University School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Australia
| | - G M C Renshaw
- Hypoxia and Ischemia Research Unit, Griffith University, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Australia.
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Jeong H, Oh JW, Son NH, Lee S. Age and Sex Differences in the Association between Serum Vitamin E Levels and Depressive Symptoms: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081915. [PMID: 37111134 PMCID: PMC10144124 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the relationship between serum vitamin E levels and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the potential modulating role of age and sex has been underexplored. We conduct an age- and sex-stratified investigation of the association between serological vitamin E status and depressive symptoms in a large nationwide sample. Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed (n = 4448). The participants were stratified into four groups according to age (<65 vs. ≥65 years) and sex. Each group was divided into tertiles of vitamin E/total lipid ratio, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores were compared among the tertiles via multivariable linear regression analyses. The relationship between dietary supplement use and the proportions of tertiles was assessed in each group. With the middle tertile as the reference group, the low tertile of vitamin E/total lipid ratio was associated with increased PHQ-9 scores in younger females and older males after adjusting for all covariates, while the high tertile showed no significant associations with PHQ-9 scores in any group. The low tertile was associated with increased adjusted mean PHQ-9 scores by 0.53 and 1.02 compared to the middle tertile in younger females and older males, respectively. Dietary supplement use was related to higher vitamin E/total lipid ratio in all four groups. In conclusion, younger females and older males with a low vitamin E status showed worse depressive symptoms. These individuals may benefit from dietary interventions to prevent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Jeong
- Geumsan-gun Public Health Center, Geumsan 32726, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Hoon Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and the Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carotenoids in Mood Disorders: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030676. [PMID: 36978923 PMCID: PMC10045512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression has a multifactorial etiology comprising family history and unemployment. This review aims to summarize the evidence available for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of carotenoids in mood disorders. This review article’s methodologies were based on a search of the PubMed database for all linked published papers. Epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, and olive oil may prevent the development of depression. Antioxidant supplementation has been found to combat various stress-induced psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. A growing body of evidence indicates that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Studies also suggest that poor dietary intake, particularly low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fast food and other convenience foods, may increase the risk of developing depression. Thus, dietary interventions have the potential to help mitigate the risk of mental health decline in both the general population and those with mood disorders. Considering that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is expected that they might exert a promising antidepressant effect. Nevertheless, further studies (including interventional and mechanistic studies) assessing the effect of carotenoids on preventing and alleviating depression symptoms are needed.
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Gandla K, Babu AK, Unnisa A, Sharma I, Singh LP, Haque MA, Dashputre NL, Baig S, Siddiqui FA, Khandaker MU, Almujally A, Tamam N, Sulieman A, Khan SL, Emran TB. Carotenoids: Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases Remediation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030457. [PMID: 36979267 PMCID: PMC10046158 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous factors can contribute to the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Oxidative stress (OS), a fairly common ND symptom, can be caused by more reactive oxygen species being made. In addition, the pathological state of NDs, which includes a high number of protein aggregates, could make chronic inflammation worse by activating microglia. Carotenoids, often known as "CTs", are pigments that exist naturally and play a vital role in the prevention of several brain illnesses. CTs are organic pigments with major significance in ND prevention. More than 600 CTs have been discovered in nature, and they may be found in a wide variety of creatures. Different forms of CTs are responsible for the red, yellow, and orange pigments seen in many animals and plants. Because of their unique structure, CTs exhibit a wide range of bioactive effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The preventive effects of CTs have led researchers to find a strong correlation between CT levels in the body and the avoidance and treatment of several ailments, including NDs. To further understand the connection between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs, a literature review has been compiled. In addition, we have focused on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of CTs for the treatment and management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamakonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Ancha Kishore Babu
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University, Persiaran Seriemas, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Aziz Unnisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Indu Sharma
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur 176041, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Laliteshwar Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Jamuhar, Sasaram 821305, Bihar, India
| | - Mahammad Akiful Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Anurag University, Hyderabad 500088, Telangana, India
| | - Neelam Laxman Dashputre
- Department of Pharmacology, METs, Institute of Pharmacy Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik 422003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shahajan Baig
- Clinical Research Associate, Clinnex, Ahmedabad 380054, Gujarat, India
| | - Falak A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa 413520, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Almujally
- Department of Biomedical Physics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nissren Tamam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmoneim Sulieman
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharuk L Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa 413520, Maharashtra, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Chandankhede M, Gupta M, Pakhmode S. Assessment of Psychological Status and Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Menopausal Med 2022; 27:155-161. [PMID: 34989189 PMCID: PMC8738848 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.20035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives During menopause, women may experience some physical changes that can affect their psychological status. Oxidative stress also increases with menopause, as decreasing levels of estrogen reinforce the deterioration of antioxidant status. To assess total antioxidative capacity, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and the correlation between psychological status and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women. Methods This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 100 postmenopausal women (40–59 years). Blood malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidative capacity were analyzed, and psychological status was assessed using Rosenberg's self-esteem test, Zung's self-rating anxiety scale, and Zung's self-rating depression scale. Results Of the women, 38.0% had mild to moderate symptoms of anxiety (mean ± standard deviation, 50.15 ± 4.89), 21.0% showed depression, and 19.0% had low self-esteem. Twelve percent of the study population had mild to moderate symptoms of all three disorders. A statistically significant difference was found in the scores of anxiety and self-esteem (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001 in women with and without psychological disturbances, respectively). With regard to oxidative stress parameters, only superoxide dismutase levels showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001), with lower levels found in women with psychological disturbance. Conclusions Women with depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are in an oxidative challenge, which might be associated with estrogen depletion. A lower superoxide dismutase level is associated with higher depression and anxiety scores in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Chandankhede
- Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.
| | - Madhur Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, India
| | - Smita Pakhmode
- Department of Biochemistry, N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, India
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Yadav R, Yadav RK, Pandey RM, Upadhyay AD. Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Indians with Metabolic Syndrome Undergoing Randomized Controlled Trial of Yoga-Based Lifestyle Intervention vs Dietary Intervention. Behav Med 2021; 47:151-160. [PMID: 31743071 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2019.1683711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores the efficacy of 12-week yoga + diet-based lifestyle intervention (YBLI) vs dietary intervention (DI) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and identifies the predictors of change in HRQoL in Indians with metabolic syndrome (Met S). Data from the historical randomized controlled trial was used including adults (n = 260, 20-45 years) with Met S. Four domains of HRQoL were measured at baseline, 2 and 12 weeks using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation and chi-square test was used to compare 12-week changes in HRQoL domains and proportion of subjects, respectively. Changes in HRQoL were predicted using regression models concerning changes in body mass index (BMI), physical activity, total calorie intake, adiponectin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Exploratory mediation analysis was carried out using Baron & Kenny approach. YBLI resulted in a significantly greater increase in the physical domain score of HRQoL than DI. A significantly greater proportion of subjects in YBLI group (71%) showed an increase in physical domain scores compared to DI (51%). A unit change in BMI negatively predicted a unit change in physical, psychological and environmental health. Whereas, a unit change in adiponectin and SOD levels positively predicted a unit change in physical and environmental health. Partial mediation between YBLI intervention and physical HRQoL domain was observed via adiponectin. In conclusion, a 12-week YBLI has a positive and greater effect on HRQoL physical domain score than following DI alone. Changes in BMI, adiponectin, and SOD levels may predict changes in HRQoL domains after lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Yadav
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Raj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
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8
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Manosso LM, Camargo A, Dafre AL, Rodrigues ALS. Vitamin E for the management of major depressive disorder: possible role of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant systems. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1310-1324. [PMID: 33314993 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1853417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin E has various functions in humans, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-atherogenic actions, as well as direct effects on enzymatic activities and modulation of gene transcription. In addition to these functions, vitamin E is also important for the central nervous system, and its role in the prevention and/or treatment of some neurological diseases has been suggested. In particular, the role of vitamin E in the modulation of major depressive disorder (MDD) is an issue that has emerged in recent studies. Many factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of this disorder, including inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress. METHODS This narrative review discusses the involvement of inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the pathophysiology of MDD and presents clinical and preclinical studies that correlate vitamin E with this psychiatric disorder. RESULTS We gathered evidence from clinical studies that demonstrated the relationship between low vitamin E status and MDD symptoms. Vitamin E has been reported to exert a beneficial influence on the oxidative and inflammatory status of individuals, factors that may account for the attenuation of depressive symptoms. Preclinical studies have reinforced the antidepressant-like response of vitamin E, and the mechanisms underlying its effect seem to be related to the modulation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. CONCLUSION We suggest that vitamin E has potential to be used as an adjuvant for the management of MDD, but more studies are clearly needed to ascertain the efficacy of vitamin E for alleviating depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M Manosso
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alcir L Dafre
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Razgonova MP, Zakharenko AM, Golokhvast KS, Thanasoula M, Sarandi E, Nikolouzakis K, Fragkiadaki P, Tsoukalas D, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Telomerase and telomeres in aging theory and chronographic aging theory (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1679-1694. [PMID: 32705188 PMCID: PMC7411297 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current review focuses on the connection of telomerase and telomeres with aging. In this review, we describe the changes in telomerase and telomere length (TEL) during development, their role in carcinogenesis processes, and the consequences of reduced telomerase activity. More specifically, the connection of TEL in peripheral blood cells with the development of aging‑associated diseases is discussed. The review provides systematic data on the role of telomerase in mitochondria, the biology of telomeres in stem cells, as well as the consequences of the forced expression of telomerase (telomerization) in human cells. Additionally, it presents the effects of chronic stress exposure on telomerase activity, the effect of TEL on fertility, and the effect of nutraceutical supplements on TEL. Finally, a comparative review of the chronographic theory of aging, presented by Olovnikov is provided based on currently available scientific research on telomere, telomerase activity, and the nature of aging by multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayya P. Razgonova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Zakharenko
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Golokhvast
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
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Nouri M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Tarrahi MJ, Amani R. The Effect of Lycopene Supplementation on Mood Status and Quality of Life in Infertile Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2020; 14:17-22. [PMID: 32112630 PMCID: PMC7139232 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2020.5888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility is a major worldwide problem which is caused by several factors such as environmental, physiological, and genetic conditions. Lycopene is considered to be one of the most important antioxidants that can contribute to reducing or preventing the psychological damage that leads to infertility. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lycopene supplementation on depression, anxiety and stress scales and quality of life in infertile men. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, 44 infertile men with oligozoospermia were randomly divided into the following two groups: the experimental group was supplemented with 25 mg lycopene, once per day for 12 weeks, and the control group received a placebo, for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and dietary data, physical activity, mood status, including depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life scores were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed using a 21-item questionnaire (DASS-21) and quality of life was examined using the WHO 26-qustion questionnaire (WHOQOL). RESULTS The baseline age and body mass index (BMI) were not significantly different between the two groups (age: 31.89 ± 2.51 and 32.15 ± 2.16 years old for intervention and placebo, respectively; P=0.732 and BMI: 27.20 ± 1.68 and 26.53 ± 1.53; for intervention and placebo, respectively; P=0.206). There were no significant differences in depression, anxiety and stress values between the two groups; however, depression score significantly decreased in both groups compared to the baseline levels (P=0.028 and P=0.031). No significant differences were observed in four domains of quality of life, except for psychological domain that was improved in the lycopene group compared to the baseline values (P=0.049). CONCLUSION Short term supplementation of lycopene had no effect on mood status and quality of life, except for psychological status in infertile men (Registration number: IRCT20171105037249N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Nouri
- Students' Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Centre, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Tarrahi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Byeon E, Park JC, Hagiwara A, Han J, Lee JS. Two antidepressants fluoxetine and sertraline cause growth retardation and oxidative stress in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 218:105337. [PMID: 31739108 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To understand effects of two widely used antidepressant on the antioxidant defense mechanism in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus, we assessed acute toxicity and measured population growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glutathione (GSH) levels, and antioxidant enzymatic activities (GST, GR, and SOD) in response to fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX) and sertraline hydrochloride (SER). The no observed effect concentration-24 h of fluoxetine and sertraline were 1000 μg/L and 450 μg/L, respectively, whereas the median lethal concentration (LC50)-24 h of fluoxetine and sertraline were 1560 μg/L and 507 μg/L, respectively. Both fluoxetine and sertraline caused significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the population growth rate indicating that both antidepressants have a potential adverse effect on life cycle parameters of B. koreanus. The intracellular ROS level and GSH level were significantly modulated (P < 0.05) in response to fluoxetine and sertraline. In addition, antioxidant enzymatic activities have shown significant modulation (P < 0.05) in response to FLX and SER in B. koreanus. Furthermore, transcriptional profiles of antioxidant genes (GSTs, SODs, and GR) have shown modulation in response to FLX compared to SER-exposed B. koreanus. Our results indicate that fluoxetine and sertraline induce oxidative stress, leading to reduction in the population density and modulation of antioxidant defense mechanism in the marine rotifer B. koreanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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12
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Bohn T. Carotenoids and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Observational Studies and Intervention Trials: Implications for Chronic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E179. [PMID: 31213029 PMCID: PMC6616644 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids include C30, C40 and C50 terpenoid-based molecules, many of which constitute coloured pigments. However, >1100 of these are known to occur in nature and only about a dozen are known to play a role in our daily diet. Carotenoids have received much attention due to their proposed health benefits, including reducing the incidence of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Many of these diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation co-occurring with oxidative stress, characterized by, for example, enhanced plasma F2-isoprostane concentrations, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxyguanosine. Though carotenoids can act as direct antioxidants, quenching, for example, singlet oxygen and peroxide radicals, an important biological function appears to rest also in the activation of the body's own antioxidant defence system, related to superoxide-dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-peroxidase expression, likely due to the interaction with transcription factors, such as nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2). Though mostly based on small-scale and observational studies which do not allow for drawing conclusions regarding causality, several supplementation trials with isolated carotenoids or food items suggest positive health effects. However, negative effects have also been reported, especially regarding beta-carotene for smokers. This review is aimed at summarizing the results from human observational studies/intervention trials targeting carotenoids in relation to chronic diseases characterized by oxidative stress and markers thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Guerra de Souza AC, Gonçalves CL, de Souza V, Hartwig JM, Farina M, Prediger RD. Agmatine attenuates depressive-like behavior and hippocampal oxidative stress following amyloid β (Aβ1-40) administration in mice. Behav Brain Res 2018; 353:51-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Neuroimmunomodulation in Major Depressive Disorder: Focus on Caspase 1, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Interferon-Gamma. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4288-4305. [PMID: 30306457 PMCID: PMC6505498 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, and its incidence is expected to increase. Despite tremendous efforts to understand its underlying biological mechanisms, MDD pathophysiology remains elusive and pharmacotherapy outcomes are still far from ideal. Low-grade chronic inflammation seems to play a key role in mediating the interface between psychological stress, depressive symptomatology, altered intestinal microbiology, and MDD onset. We review the available pre-clinical and clinical evidence of an involvement of pro-inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis, treatment, and remission of MDD. We focus on caspase 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interferon gamma, three inflammatory systems dysregulated in MDD. Treatment strategies aiming at targeting such pathways alone or in combination with classical therapies could prove valuable in MDD. Further studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of immune modulation in MDD and other psychiatric disorders with neuroinflammatory components.
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Xu N, Fan W, Zhou X, Liu Y, Ma P, Qi S, Gu B. Probiotics decrease depressive behaviors induced by constipation via activating the AKT signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1625-1633. [PMID: 29948655 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic constipation is often accompanied by emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to determine whether administration of a multispecies probiotic can decrease depressive behaviors through the gut-brain axis and identify any underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of constipation induced by loperamide (5 mg·kg-1,i.p.) was used. For that purpose, 36 ICR male mice were divided into three groups: control, constipation and probiotic groups. The probiotic group received treatment with a probiotic once per day for 14 days via a gavage. All other groups were given an equal volume of normal saline. The fecal parameters and intestinal transit ratio were recorded. The forced swimming test and tail suspension test were used to detect changes in depressive behaviors. Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured by assay kits. We also detected neuronal survival, as well as phosphorylated Ser/Thr protein kinase (p-AKT), Bcl-2, Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 levels in the hippocampus. The results showed that administration of a probiotic could ameliorate depressive behaviors and relieve neuronal cell injury in the hippocampal CA3 regions. Moreover, probiotic treatment decreased MDA levels and increased SOD activity. Furthermore, probiotic administration increased p-AKT and Bcl-2 levels in the hippocampus of the constipated mice, while decreasing the concentrations of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, so as to inhibit the neural apoptosis. In the present study, we confirm that probiotics can alleviate depression induced by constipation through protecting neuronal health via activation of the AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Xu
- Laboratory of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Fan
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Laboratory of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Laboratory of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ma
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhua Qi
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, People's Republic of China.
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Morris G, Reiche EMV, Murru A, Carvalho AF, Maes M, Berk M, Puri BK. Multiple Immune-Inflammatory and Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Pathways Explain the Frequent Presence of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6282-6306. [PMID: 29294244 PMCID: PMC6061180 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) or major depressive disorder (MDD) share a wide array of biological abnormalities which are increasingly considered to play a contributory role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of both illnesses. Shared abnormalities include peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, chronic oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, increased intestinal barrier permeability with bacterial translocation into the systemic circulation, neuroendocrine abnormalities and microglial pathology. Patients with MS and MDD also display a wide range of neuroimaging abnormalities and patients with MS who display symptoms of depression present with different neuroimaging profiles compared with MS patients who are depression-free. The precise details of such pathology are markedly different however. The recruitment of activated encephalitogenic Th17 T cells and subsequent bidirectional interaction leading to classically activated microglia is now considered to lie at the core of MS-specific pathology. The presence of activated microglia is common to both illnesses although the pattern of such action throughout the brain appears to be different. Upregulation of miRNAs also appears to be involved in microglial neurotoxicity and indeed T cell pathology in MS but does not appear to play a major role in MDD. It is suggested that the antidepressant lofepramine, and in particular its active metabolite desipramine, may be beneficial not only for depressive symptomatology but also for the neurological symptoms of MS. One clinical trial has been carried out thus far with, in particular, promising MRI findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis, and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andrea Murru
- Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Revitalis, Waalre, The Netherlands
- Orygen - The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Basant K Puri
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
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Firdaus F, Zafeer MF, Ahmad M, Afzal M. Anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory role of thymoquinone in arsenic-induced hippocampal toxicity in Wistar rats. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00650. [PMID: 29984327 PMCID: PMC6024171 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a widely existing metalloid in the biosphere. Drinking water contamination by arsenic is a major route of human exposure, either by natural means or through industrial pollution. Numerous evidence form earlier reports suggest that arsenic exposure causes cerebral neurodegeneration which initiates behavioral disturbances concomitant to psychiatric disorders. Also, mood disorders in humans as well as in animals correlate with arsenic exposure; the present study is carried out to implore the neuroprotective potential of thymoquinone (TQ) in arsenic-stressed rats. TQ is an active component of Nigella sativa (Kalonji) seed oil. Arsenic exposure in the form of sodium arsenate (10 mg/kg/day; p.o) caused neurobehavioral deficits as evidenced by changes in locomotion and exploratory behavior in open-field and elevated plus maze tasks. Alongside this, arsenate also elevated hippocampal oxidative stress parameters like lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein carbonyl formation with a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Genotoxicity assessment by Comet assay also showed prominent levels of DNA damage. Furthermore, arsenic also elevated hippocampal cytokine levels, TNF-α and INF-γ. However, TQ supplementation (2.5 and 5 mg/kg/day, p.o) preceded three days before arsenic administration, significantly attenuated arsenic-associated anxiogenic changes which majorly attributed to its antioxidant and anxiolytic potential. Also, TQ pre-treated rats expressed positive shifts in the hippocampal oxidative stress and cytokine levels with decreased DNA fragmentation. Thus, this study concludes that TQ might serve as a strong therapeutic agent for management of anxiety and depressive outcomes of arsenic intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakiha Firdaus
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Faraz Zafeer
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Masood Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Globally populations are ageing. By 2050, it is estimated that there will be two billion people aged 60 years or over, of which 131 million are projected to be affected by dementia, while depression is predicted to be the second leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020. Preventing or delaying the onset of these disorders should therefore be a public health priority. There is some evidence linking certain dietary patterns, particularly the Mediterranean diet, with a reduced risk of dementia and depression. Specific dietary components have also been investigated in relation to brain health, with emerging evidence supporting protective roles forn-3 PUFA, polyphenols, vitamin D and B-vitamins. At this time, the totality of evidence is strongest in support of a role for folate and the metabolically related B-vitamins (vitamin B12, vitamin B6and riboflavin) in slowing the progression of cognitive decline and possibly reducing the risk of depression in ageing. Future studies incorporating new technologies, such as MRI and magnetoencephalography, offer much promise in identifying effective nutrition interventions that could reduce the risk of cognitive and mental disorders. This review will explore the ageing brain and the emerging evidence linking diet and specific nutrients with cognitive function and depression in ageing, with the potential to develop strategies that could improve quality of life in our ageing population.
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de Oliveira MR, Chenet AL, Duarte AR, Scaini G, Quevedo J. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-depressant Effects of Resveratrol: a Review. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4543-4559. [PMID: 28695536 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Major depression is a public health problem, affecting 121 million people worldwide. Patients suffering from depression present high rates of morbidity, causing profound economic and social impacts. Furthermore, patients with depression present cognitive impairments, which could influence on treatment adherence and long-term outcomes. The pathophysiology of major depression is not completely understood yet but involves reduced levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, bioenergetics, and redox disturbances, as well as inflammation and neuronal loss. Treatment with anti-depressants provides a complete remission of symptoms in approximately 50% of patients with major depression. However, these drugs may cause side effects, as sedation and weight gain. In this context, there is increasing interest in studies focusing on the anti-depressant effects of natural compounds found in the diet. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytoalexin (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene; C14H12O3; MW 228.247 g/mol) and has been found in peanuts, berries, grapes, and wine and induces anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in several mammalian cell types. Resveratrol also elicits anti-depressant effects, as observed in experimental models using animals. Therefore, resveratrol may be viewed as a potential anti-depressant agent, as well as may serve as a model of molecule to be modified aiming to ameliorate depressive symptoms in humans. In the present review, we describe and discuss the anti-depressant effects of resveratrol focusing on the mechanism of action of this phytoalexin in different experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
| | - Aline Lukasievicz Chenet
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Adriane Ribeiro Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, |The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Sánchez-Rodríguez MA, Castrejón-Delgado L, Zacarías-Flores M, Arronte-Rosales A, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Quality of life among post-menopausal women due to oxidative stress boosted by dysthymia and anxiety. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2017; 17:1. [PMID: 28049464 PMCID: PMC5209897 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-016-0358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Menopause is the onset of aging in women. During this process, some women experience physical changes that may impact upon their psychological and social status, also affecting their quality of life. Furthermore, several psychological changes following menopause have been shown to act as pro-oxidant, but the association between the psychological status that modify the quality of life and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determinate the relationship between oxidative stress with psychological disturbances, low self-esteem, depressive mood and anxiety, and quality of life in the postmenopausal women. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional study with101 premenopausal and 101 postmenopausal women from Mexico City. As markers of oxidative stress we measured plasma lipoperoxide levels, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and total antioxidant status. We calculate a stress score as global oxidative stress status, with cut-off values for each parameter; this score range from 0 to 6, representing the severity of markers modifications. All the women were rated using the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scales, and the WHO Quality of Life-brief. Results The postmenopausal women with low quality of life in the WHO Quality of Life-brief and their subscales had higher stress score compared with premenopausal women with high quality of life (p < 0.05). We found a positive correlation among lipoperoxide levels and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety and Zung Self-Rating Depression score (r = 0.226 and r = 0.173, respectively, p < 0.05), and a negative correlation with WHO Quality of Life-brief scores (r = −0.266, p < 0.01) in postmenopausal women. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that average lipoperoxide levels increase by 0.0007 μmol/L for every 1-point increase in the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and by 0.001 μmol/L for every 1-point decrease in the WHO Quality of Life-brief, after adjusted for pro-oxidant factors. Zung Self-Rating Anxiety and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scales scores also contribute to increase lipoperoxides levels, but not significant. Conclusion Our findings suggest that oxidative stress is increased in postmenopausal women with psychological disturbances and low quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao No. 66, Iztapalapa, CP 09230, México, D.F., México.
| | - Lizett Castrejón-Delgado
- Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao No. 66, Iztapalapa, CP 09230, México, D.F., México
| | - Mariano Zacarías-Flores
- Hospital Gustavo Baz Prada, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Av. Adolfo López Mateos / Bordo Xochiaca S/N, Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl, CP 57300, Estado de México, México
| | - Alicia Arronte-Rosales
- Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao No. 66, Iztapalapa, CP 09230, México, D.F., México
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Unidad de Investigación en Gerontología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Guelatao No. 66, Iztapalapa, CP 09230, México, D.F., México
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Freitas AE, Neis VB, Rodrigues ALS. Agmatine, a potential novel therapeutic strategy for depression. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:1885-1899. [PMID: 27836390 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is the most common psychiatric disorder with lifetime prevalence of up to 20% worldwide. It is responsible for more years lost to disability than any other disorder. Despite the fact that current available antidepressant drugs are safe and effective, they are far from ideal. In addition to the need to administer the drugs for weeks or months to obtain clinical benefit, side effects are still a serious problem. Agmatine is an endogenous polyamine synthesized by the enzyme arginine decarboxylase. It modulates several receptors and is considered as a neuromodulator in the brain. In this review, studies demonstrating the antidepressant effects of agmatine are presented and discussed, as well as, the mechanisms of action related to these effects. Also, the potential beneficial effects of agmatine for the treatment of other neurological disorders are presented. In particular, we provide evidence to encourage future clinical studies investigating agmatine as a novel antidepressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andiara E Freitas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Vivian B Neis
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Li LR, Wang Q, Wang J, Wang QF, Yang LL, Zheng LY, Zhang Y. Feasibility of assessing health state by detecting redox state of human body based on Chinese medicine constitution. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 22:635-40. [PMID: 26712210 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article discussed the feasibility of assessing health state by detecting redox state of human body. Firstly, the balance of redox state is the basis of homeostasis, and the balance ability of redox can reflflect health state of human body. Secondly, the redox state of human body is a sensitive index of multiple risk factors of health such as age, external environment and psychological factors. It participates in the occurrence and development of multiple diseases involving metabolic diseases and nervous system diseases, and can serve as a cut-in point for treatment of these diseases. Detecting the redox state of high risk people is signifificantly important for early detection and treatment of disease. The blood plasma and urine could be selected to detect, which is convenient. It is pointed that the indexes not only involve oxidation product and antioxidant enzyme but also redox couple. Chinese medicine constitution reflflects the state of body itself and the ability of adapting to external environment, which is consistent with the connotation of health. It is found that there are nine basic types of constitution in Chinese population, which provides a theoretical basis of health preservation, preventive treatment of disease and personalized treatment. With the combination of redox state detection and the Chinese medicine constitution theory, the heath state can be systemically assessed by conducting large-scale epidemiological survey with classifified detection on redox state of human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ru Li
- Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ji Wang
- Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian-Fei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- Preventive Treatment of Disease Department, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Lu-Yu Zheng
- Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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The many roads to mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroimmune and neuropsychiatric disorders. BMC Med 2015; 13:68. [PMID: 25889215 PMCID: PMC4382850 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction and defects in oxidative metabolism are a characteristic feature of many chronic illnesses not currently classified as mitochondrial diseases. Examples of such illnesses include bipolar disorder, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, autism, and chronic fatigue syndrome. DISCUSSION While the majority of patients with multiple sclerosis appear to have widespread mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired ATP production, the findings in patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, autism, depression, bipolar disorder schizophrenia and chronic fatigue syndrome are less consistent, likely reflecting the fact that these diagnoses do not represent a disease with a unitary pathogenesis and pathophysiology. However, investigations have revealed the presence of chronic oxidative stress to be an almost invariant finding in study cohorts of patients afforded each diagnosis. This state is characterized by elevated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and/or reduced levels of glutathione, and goes hand in hand with chronic systemic inflammation with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. SUMMARY This paper details mechanisms by which elevated levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species together with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines could conspire to pave a major road to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired oxidative metabolism seen in many patients diagnosed with these disorders.
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de Mello AH, Gassenferth A, Schraiber RDB, Souza LDR, Florentino D, Danielski LG, Cittadin-Soares EDC, Fortunato JJ, Petronilho F, Quevedo J, Rezin GT. Effects of omega-3 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats submitted to chronic mild stress. Metab Brain Dis 2014; 29:691-9. [PMID: 24964972 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Major depression is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder whose pathophysiology is not clearly established yet. Some studies have shown that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the development of major depression. Since most depressed patients do not achieve complete remission of symptoms, new therapeutic alternatives are needed and omega-3 has been highlighted in this scenario. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of omega-3 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats submitted to chronic mild stress (CMS). Male Wistar rats were submitted to CMS for 40 days. After the CMS period, we administered a 500 mg/kg dose of omega-3 orally, once a day, for 7 days. The animals submitted to CMS presented anhedonia, had no significant weight gain, presented increased levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, and inhibition of complex I and IV activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The treatment with omega-3 did not reverse anhedonia; however, it reversed weight change, increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels, and partially reversed the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. The findings support studies that state that major depression is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and that omega-3 supplementation could reverse some of these changes, probably due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Haas de Mello
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, 88704-900, SC, Brazil
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Zhang L, Hu XZ, Li X, Li H, Smerin S, Russell D, Ursano RJ. Telomere length - a cellular aging marker for depression and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:182-5. [PMID: 24875221 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres play a central role in cell fate and aging by adjusting the cellular response to both biological and psychological stress. Human telomeres are regions of tandem TTAGGG repeats at chromosomal ends that protect chromosomes from degradation, fusion, and recombination. They are made up of approximately 1000-2500 copies of the repeated DNA sequence. Over time, at each cell division, the telomere ends become shorter. Thus, telomere length (TL) has been considered a cellular marker for age-related diseases. In addition to biochemical stressors such as oxidation and inflammation, psychosocial traumatic stress has also been linked to shorter telomeres. TL is significantly inversely correlated with long-term depression, even after controlling for age. Average TL in depressed subjects, who were above the median of lifetime depression, was 281 base pairs shorter than that in controls, corresponding to approximately 7years of accelerated cell aging. Several recent studies have also demonstrated an inverse relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and the risk of PTSD. TL was inversely correlated with the duration of caregiving and PTSD. Here, we focus on the discussion of findings in studies of the relationships between stress-related disorders (e.g., depression and PTSD) and telomeres. We also present direct evidence that TL is associated with traumatic stress, depression, and PTSD, and hypothesize that traumatic stress affects not only mental disorders but also cellular aging. The nature of this relationship between stress and TL warrants further evaluation in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA.
| | - Xian-Zhang Hu
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - He Li
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - Stanley Smerin
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - Dale Russell
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
| | - Robert J Ursano
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, USA
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Roohafza H, Sadeghi M, Naghnaeian M, Shokouh P, Ahmadi A, Sarrafzadegan N. Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with Psychological Distress. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:203463. [PMID: 24672543 PMCID: PMC3941148 DOI: 10.1155/2014/203463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and psychological distress are hypothesized to have a bidirectional relationship. According to their high prevalence in most populations, appraisal of this theory would be of great clinical and research interest. Methods. Data were available as part of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). A total of 9553 men and women aged ≥19 years from three counties in central Iran were selected. Measurements consisted of serologic tests, anthropometrics, and self-reported 12-item general health questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the association between MetS, MetS components, and distress level. Results. The mean age of 9553 participants (50% male) was 38.7 ± 15.8 years. After adjusting for demographic factors, MetS (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.37), central obesity (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15-1.49), and hypertension (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.42-1.70) were associated with high distress level. However, after adding smoking status and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to the adjustment factors, hypertension (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.53-1.98) and central obesity (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.17-1.55), but not the MetS, remained significantly associated with distress level. Conclusion. The presence of association between the MetS as well as its key components and high distress level signifies the importance of integrating psychological assessment and intervention in the standard management of MetS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Roohafza
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 81465-1148, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
- *Masoumeh Sadeghi:
| | - Mina Naghnaeian
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
| | - Pedram Shokouh
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
| | - Abdollah Ahmadi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8187698191, Iran
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis that quantitatively tests and summarizes the hypothesis that depression results in elevated oxidative stress and lower antioxidant levels. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of studies that reported an association between depression and oxidative stress and/or antioxidant status markers. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published from January 1980 through December 2012. A random-effects model, weighted by inverse variance, was performed to pool standard deviation (Cohen's d) effect size estimates across studies for oxidative stress and antioxidant status measures, separately. RESULTS Twenty-three studies with 4980 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Depression was most commonly measured using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria. A Cohen's d effect size of 0.55 (95% confidence interval = 0.47-0.63) was found for the association between depression and oxidative stress, indicating a roughly 0.55 of 1-standard-deviation increase in oxidative stress among individuals with depression compared with those without depression. The results of the studies displayed significant heterogeneity (I(2) = 80.0%, p < .001). A statistically significant effect was also observed for the association between depression and antioxidant status markers (Cohen's d = -0.24, 95% confidence interval = -0.33 to -0.15). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis observed an association between depression and oxidative stress and antioxidant status across many different studies. Differences in measures of depression and markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status markers could account for the observed heterogeneity. These findings suggest that well-established associations between depression and poor heath outcomes may be mediated by high oxidative stress.
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Bulut M, Selek S, Bez Y, Karababa IF, Kaya MC, Gunes M, Emhan A, Aksoy N, Sir A. Reduced PON1 enzymatic activity and increased lipid hydroperoxide levels that point out oxidative stress in generalized anxiety disorder. J Affect Disord 2013; 150:829-33. [PMID: 23706841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) which is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in general population. Psychological, genetic, neurobiological, and neurochemical factors are believed to play role in the etiopathogenesis of GAD. The role of oxidative stress, as a neurochemical cause, in various anxiety disorders has been studied in recent years; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in GAD, yet. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the serum levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), paraoxonase, and arylesterase in GAD patients without any co-morbid psychiatric disorders and investigate their diagnostic performance. Blood samples were collected from 40 GAD patients and 40 healthy control subjects to measure their serum LOOH levels, arylesterase and paraoxonase activities. Obtained results have been compared between groups and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been drawn for diagnostic performance of measured biochemical markers. Positive and negative predictive values have been estimated where appropriate. Mean LOOH level of the GAD patients was significantly higher than that of control subjects (t=-5.49, p<0.001), whereas, mean paraoxonase activity was lower in these patients (t=3.056, p=0.03). GAD could be predicted for LOOH level over 7.740 μmol/l with 92.5% positive predictive value and 92% negative predictive value. Increased LOOH level and decreased paraoxonase activity of GAD patients may suggest increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in these patients. LOOH levels may be a state marker for diagnosing GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Bulut
- Dicle University, Department of Psychiatry, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), as well as in a number of chronic medical conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between peripheral inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in un-medicated subjects with MDD compared to non-depressed healthy controls and compared to subjects with MDD after antidepressant treatment. We examined the relationships between IL-6, IL-10, and the IL-6/IL-10 inflammatory ratio vs. F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP), a marker of oxidative stress, in un-medicated MDD patients (n=20) before and after 8 weeks of open-label sertraline treatment (n=17), compared to healthy non-depressed controls (n=20). Among the un-medicated MDD subjects, F2-IsoP concentrations were positively correlated with IL-6 concentrations (p<0.05) and were negatively correlated with IL-10 concentrations (p<0.01). Accordingly, F2-IsoP concentrations were positively correlated with the ratio of IL-6/IL-10 (p<0.01). In contrast, in the control group, there were no significant correlations between F2-IsoPs and either cytokine or their ratio. After MDD subjects were treated with sertraline for 8 weeks, F2-IsoPs were no longer significantly correlated with IL-6, IL-10 or the IL-6/IL-10 ratio. These data suggest oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are positively associated in untreated MDD. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the homeostatic buffering mechanisms regulating oxidation and inflammation in healthy individuals become dysregulated in untreated MDD, and may be improved with antidepressant treatment. These findings may help explain the increased risk of comorbid medical illnesses in MDD.
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Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Boueiz A, Shroff MR, Zonderman AB. Antioxidant status and its association with elevated depressive symptoms among US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005-6. Br J Nutr 2013; 109:1714-29. [PMID: 22935166 PMCID: PMC3810278 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512003467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We examined the relationship of elevated depressive symptoms with antioxidant status. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005–6 on US adults aged 20–85 years were analysed. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire with a score cut-off point of 10 to define ‘elevated depressive symptoms’. Serum antioxidant status was measured by serum levels of carotenoids, retinol (free and retinyl esters), vitamin C and vitamin E. The main analyses consisted of multiple logistic and zero-inflated Poisson regression models, taking into account sampling design complexity. The final sample consisted of 1798 US adults with complete data. A higher total serum carotenoid level was associated with a lower likelihood of elevated depressive symptoms with a reduction in the odds by 37 % overall with each sd increase in exposure, and by 34 % among women (P< 0·05). A dose–response relationship was observed when total serum carotenoids were expressed as quartiles (Q4 (1·62–10·1 μmol/l) v. Q1 (0·06–0·86 μmol/l): OR 0·41; 95 % CI 0·23, 0·76, P< 0·001; P for trend = 0·035), though no significant associations were found with the other antioxidant levels. Among carotenoids, β-carotene (men and women combined) and lutein+zeaxanthins (women only, after control for dietary lutein+zeaxanthin intake and supplement use) had an independent inverse association with elevated depressive symptoms among US adults. None of the other serum antioxidants had a significant association with depressive symptoms, independently of total carotenoids and other covariates. In conclusion, total carotenoids (mainly β-carotene and lutein+zeaxanthins) in serum were associated with reduced levels of depressive symptoms among community-dwelling US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hind A. Beydoun
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Eastern Virginia Medical School,
Norfolk, VA
| | - Adel Boueiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD
| | - Monal R. Shroff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Ann
Arbor, MI
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Malan-Müller S, Hemmings SMJ, Spies G, Kidd M, Fennema-Notestine C, Seedat S. Shorter telomere length - A potential susceptibility factor for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairments in South African women [corrected]. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58351. [PMID: 23472184 PMCID: PMC3589394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropathogenesis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may manifest as various neurocognitive impairments (NCI). HIV-positive individuals also have significantly shorter telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD8+ T cells compared to HIV-negative individuals. Additionally, reduced TL has been found to be associated with chronic psychological stress. This study focused on the effects of HIV-infection and chronic stress associated with childhood trauma on telomere length, and investigated whether leukocyte TL (LTL), in particular, represents a risk factor for NCI. Eighty-three HIV-positive and 45 HIV-negative women were assessed for childhood trauma and were subjected to detailed neurocognitive testing. Blood from each participant was used to extract Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Relative LTL were determined by performing real time quantitative PCR reactions as described by Cawthon et al. (2002). As expected, relative LTL in the HIV-positive individuals was significantly shorter than that of HIV-negative individuals (F = 51.56, p = <0.01). Notably, a significant positive correlation was evident between relative LTL and learning performance in the HIV-positive group. In addition, a significant negative correlation was observed between relative LTL and verbal fluency, but this association was only evident in HIV-positive individuals who had experienced trauma. Our results suggest that reduced LTL is associated with worse learning performance in HIV-positive individuals, indicating that TL could act as a susceptibility factor in increasing neurocognitive decline in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Malan-Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Niu K, Guo H, Kakizaki M, Cui Y, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Guan L, Hozawa A, Kuriyama S, Tsuboya T, Ohrui T, Furukawa K, Arai H, Tsuji I, Nagatomi R. A tomato-rich diet is related to depressive symptoms among an elderly population aged 70 years and over: a population-based, cross-sectional analysis. J Affect Disord 2013; 144:165-70. [PMID: 22840609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced oxidative stress or defective anti-oxidant defenses are related to the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms. Lycopene is the most powerful antioxidant amongst the carotenoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different vegetables, including tomatoes/tomato products (a major source of lycopene), and depressive symptoms in a community-based elderly population. METHODS We analyzed a cross-sectional survey including 986 community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals aged 70 years and older. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid self-administered diet-history questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale with 2 cut-off points: 11 (mild and severe) and 14 (severe) or use of anti-depressive agents. RESULTS The prevalence of mild and severe and severe depressive symptoms was 34.9% and 20.2%, respectively. After adjustments for potentially confounding factors, the odds ratios of having mild and severe depressive symptoms by increasing levels of tomatoes/tomato products were 1.00, 0.54, and 0.48 (p for trend <0.01). Similar relationships were also observed in the case of severe depressive symptoms. In contrast, no relationship was observed between intake of other kinds of vegetables and depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional study, and not for making a clinical diagnosis of depressive episodes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a tomato-rich diet is independently related to lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. These results suggest that a tomato-rich diet may have a beneficial effect on the prevention of depressive symptoms. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Sanhueza C, Ryan L, Foxcroft DR. Diet and the risk of unipolar depression in adults: systematic review of cohort studies. J Hum Nutr Diet 2012; 26:56-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2012.01283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sanhueza
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford; UK
| | - L. Ryan
- Functional Food Centre; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford; UK
| | - D. R. Foxcroft
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford; UK
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Lin J, Epel E, Blackburn E. Telomeres and lifestyle factors: roles in cellular aging. Mutat Res 2011; 730:85-9. [PMID: 21878343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that telomere maintenance might be a key integrating point for the cumulative effects of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors on aging and aging-related diseases. It is timely to 'take stock' of where this work has led the field. This review summarizes studies that have examined associations between lifestyle factors and telomere length and telomerase activity. In most of the studies described in this chapter, telomere length was measured in leukocytes (LTL) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), taken from blood draws from the study subjects. Much of this chapter focuses on psychological stress, a widespread factor often intimately tied in with lifestyle or behavioral factors that in turn are related to risks of clinical diseases. Together, these findings suggest that cellular aging is linked to a range of influences, with an individual's life events and lifestyle parameters playing significant roles. Lastly, we propose possible biochemical mechanisms that mediate these associations and discuss future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Lin
- University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Robles TF, Carroll JE. Restorative biological processes and health. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2011; 5:518-537. [PMID: 21927619 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Research on psychological influences on physiology primarily focuses on biological responses during stressful challenges, and how those responses can become dysregulated with prolonged or repeated exposure to stressful circumstances. At the same time, humans spend considerable time recovering from those challenges, and a host of biological processes involved in restoration and repair take place during normal, non-stressed activities. We review restorative biological processes and evidence for links between psychosocial factors and several restorative processes including sleep, wound healing, antioxidant production, DNA repair, and telomerase function. Across these biological processes, a growing body of evidence suggests that experiencing negative emotional states, including acute and chronic stress, depressive symptoms, and individual differences in negative affectivity and hostility, can influence these restorative processes. This review calls attention to restorative processes as fruitful mechanisms and outcomes for future biobehavioral research.
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Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Lin J, Dhabhar FS, Su Y, Reus VI, Rosser R, Burke HM, Kupferman E, Compagnone M, Nelson JC, Blackburn EH. Leukocyte telomere length in major depression: correlations with chronicity, inflammation and oxidative stress--preliminary findings. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17837. [PMID: 21448457 PMCID: PMC3063175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is associated with an unusually high rate of aging-related illnesses and early mortality. One aspect of "accelerated aging" in depression may be shortened leukocyte telomeres. When telomeres critically shorten, as often occurs with repeated mitoses or in response to oxidation and inflammation, cells may die. Indeed, leukocyte telomere shortening predicts early mortality and medical illnesses in non-depressed populations. We sought to determine if leukocyte telomeres are shortened in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), whether this is a function of lifetime depression exposure and whether this is related to putative mediators, oxidation and inflammation. METHODOLOGY Leukocyte telomere length was compared between 18 unmedicated MDD subjects and 17 controls and was correlated with lifetime depression chronicity and peripheral markers of oxidation (F2-isoprostane/Vitamin C ratio) and inflammation (IL-6). Analyses were controlled for age and sex. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The depressed group, as a whole, did not differ from the controls in telomere length. However, telomere length was significantly inversely correlated with lifetime depression exposure, even after controlling for age (p<0.05). Average telomere length in the depressed subjects who were above the median of lifetime depression exposure (≥9.2 years' cumulative duration) was 281 base pairs shorter than that in controls (p<0.05), corresponding to approximately seven years of "accelerated cell aging." Telomere length was inversely correlated with oxidative stress in the depressed subjects (p<0.01) and in the controls (p<0.05) and with inflammation in the depressed subjects (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data indicate that accelerated aging at the level of leukocyte telomeres is proportional to lifetime exposure to MDD. This might be related to cumulative exposure to oxidative stress and inflammation in MDD. This suggest that telomere shortening does not antedate depression and is not an intrinsic feature. Rather, telomere shortening may progress in proportion to lifetime depression exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
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Lobato KR, Cardoso CC, Binfaré RW, Budni J, Wagner CLR, Brocardo PS, de Souza LF, Brocardo C, Flesch S, Freitas AE, Dafré AL, Rodrigues ALS. alpha-Tocopherol administration produces an antidepressant-like effect in predictive animal models of depression. Behav Brain Res 2010; 209:249-59. [PMID: 20144659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antidepressant potential of alpha-tocopherol, the most active and abundant form of vitamin E, in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The acute oral treatment with alpha-tocopherol at the doses of 30 and 100mg/kg reduced the immobility time in the FST and in the TST. A single i.c.v. administration of alpha-tocopheryl phosphate, a water-soluble analogue of alpha-tocopherol, also reduced the immobility time in the FST (0.1 and 1 nmol/site) and in the TST (0.1 nmol/site). In addition, the long-term treatment (28 days) with alpha-tocopherol (10mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the immobility time in the FST. Moreover, a subeffective dose of alpha-T (10mg/kg, p.o.) potentiated the effect of fluoxetine (10mg/kg, p.o.) in the FST. The long-term treatment with alpha-T was able to increase the glutathione (GSH) antioxidant defense system, while the acute treatment was not. The long-term treatment with alpha-tocopherol (10mg/kg) increased the GSH levels in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex and increased the glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in the hippocampus (10mg/kg) and in the prefrontal cortex (10-100mg/kg). The long-term treatment with fluoxetine (10mg/kg, p.o.), a positive control, was also able to increase the GSH levels in the hippocampus, but failed to alter the activity of both enzymes. Besides the specific antidepressant-like effect, long-term, but not the acute treatment with alpha-T, especially in the doses that produced an antidepressant-like effect (10mg/kg), improved the antioxidant defenses in the mouse hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, two structures closely implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R Lobato
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário-Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To consider the mechanisms that may link asthma and major depressive disorder (MDD). Asthma and MDD co-occur at higher rates than expected, but whether this reflects shared underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is not known. METHODS A review of the epidemiological data linking asthma and MDD was conducted and the possible biological mechanisms that could account for the high rate of this comorbidity were reviewed. RESULTS MDD occurs in almost half of patients with asthma assessed in tertiary care centers. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis may predispose people to both MDD and asthma, and similar alterations in the immune, autonomic nervous, and other key systems are apparent and may contribute to this increased risk of co-occurrence. CONCLUSIONS High rates of MDD in asthma may result from the stress of chronic illness, the medications used to treat it, or a combination of the two. The high level of co-occurrence may also reflect dysregulation of certain stress-sensitive biological processes that contribute to the pathophysiology of both conditions.
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Djuric Z, Bird CE, Furumoto-Dawson A, Rauscher GH, Ruffin MT, Stowe RP, Tucker KL, Masi CM. Biomarkers of Psychological Stress in Health Disparities Research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 1:7-19. [PMID: 20305736 DOI: 10.2174/1875318300801010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psychological stress can contribute to health disparities in populations that are confronted with the recurring stress of everyday life. A number of biomarkers have been shown to be affected by psychological stress. These biomarkers include allostatic load, which is a summary measure of the cumulative biological burden of the repeated attempts to adapt to daily stress. Allostatic load includes effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the sympathetic nervous system and the cardiovascular system. These in turn affect the immune system via bidirectional signaling pathways. Evidence is also building that psychological stress, perhaps via heightened inflammatory states, can increase oxidative stress levels and DNA damage. The inter-relationships of ethnicity, genotype, gene expression and ability to adequately mitigate stress response are just starting to be appreciated. The need to conduct these studies in disadvantaged populations is clear and requires methods to address potential logistical barriers. Biomarkers can help characterize and quantify the biological impact of psychological stress on the etiology of health disparities.
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Wolkowitz OM, Epel ES, Mellon S. When blue turns to grey: do stress and depression accelerate cell aging? World J Biol Psychiatry 2008; 9:2-5. [PMID: 18273736 DOI: 10.1080/15622970701875601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Asthma has long been considered a condition in which psychological factors have a role. As in many illnesses, psychological variables may affect outcome in asthma via their effects on treatment adherence and symptom reporting. Emerging evidence suggests that the relation between asthma and psychological factors may be more complex than that, however. Central cognitive processes may influence not only the interpretation of asthma symptoms but also the manifestation of measurable changes in immune and physiologic markers of asthma. Furthermore, asthma and major depressive disorder share several risk factors and have similar patterns of dysregulation in key biologic systems, including the neuroendocrine stress response, cytokines, and neuropeptides. Despite the evidence that depression is common in people with asthma and exerts a negative impact on outcome, few treatment studies have examined whether improving symptoms of depression do, in fact, result in better control of asthma symptoms or improved quality of life in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
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Katzman M, Logan AC. Acne vulgaris: nutritional factors may be influencing psychological sequelae. Med Hypotheses 2007; 69:1080-4. [PMID: 17448607 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a distressing skin condition which can carry with it significant psychological disability. Patients with acne are more likely to experience anger and are at increased risk of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation. Certain nutrients which have been implicated as influencing the pathophysiology of acne have also been identified as important mediators of human cognition, behavior and emotions. Zinc, folic acid, selenium, chromium and omega-3 fatty acids are all examples of nutrients which have been shown to influence depression, anger and/or anxiety. These same nutrients, along with systemic oxidative stress and an altered intestinal microflora have been implicated in acne vulgaris. It is our contention that certain nutritional factors, a weakened antioxidant defense system and altered intestinal microflora may interplay to increase the risk of psychological sequelae in acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Katzman
- START Clinic for Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University of Toronto, 790 Bay St., Toronto, Canada ON M5G 1N8.
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Nishio Y, Nakano Y, Deguchi Y, Terato H, Ide H, Ito C, Ishida H, Takagi K, Tsuboi H, Kinae N, Shimoi K. Social Stress Induces Oxidative DNA Damage in Mouse Peripheral Blood Cells. Genes Environ 2007. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.29.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Miyashita T, Yamaguchi T, Motoyama K, Unno K, Nakano Y, Shimoi K. Social stress increases biopyrrins, oxidative metabolites of bilirubin, in mouse urine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 349:775-80. [PMID: 16949032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether or not three kinds of social stress (isolation, crowding, and confrontation) increase urinary excretion of biopyrrins, oxidative metabolites of bilirubin, in mice. Male BALB/c mice (4 weeks old) were housed 5 per cage for 10 days. After acclimatization, mice were exposed to the above mentioned three kinds of psychosocial stress. Mouse blood and urine samples were collected after 2, 7, and 30 days of stress. Serum levels of corticosterone and urinary levels of biopyrrins were determined by EIA and ELISA, respectively. Adrenal hypertrophy, significant increases in serum concentration of corticosterone and in urinary excretion of biopyrrins were observed in mice exposed to these types of social stress for 7 days. These levels decreased after 30 days, though they were still rather high compared to the control group. These results suggested that social stress causes oxidative stress and that biopyrrins could be useful biomarkers of psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Miyashita
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Tsuboi H, Tatsumi A, Yamamoto K, Kobayashi F, Shimoi K, Kinae N. Possible connections among job stress, depressive symptoms, lipid modulation and antioxidants. J Affect Disord 2006; 91:63-70. [PMID: 16430969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Revised: 11/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative/antioxidative status may be related to psychological stress or pathogenesis of depression. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Participants were selected from 381 female nurses working in a university hospital, and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire was utilized to assess them. Nurses with high job stress (JS) (n = 18) and with low JS (n = 15) consented to participate in this study. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Cholesterols, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidants in the plasma were measured. RESULTS High JS participants exhibited significantly higher CES-D scores (t = 3.34, p < 0.005), and significantly lower concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low density+very low density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL+VLDL), alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene compared with low JS participants (t = 2.69, p < 0.05; t = 3.46, p < 0.005; t = 2.96, p < 0.05; t = 2.98, p < 0.05, respectively). However, the reductions in plasma indicators were substantially weakened after controlling for lifestyle factors with the exception of LDL+VLDL and alpha-tocopherol. In addition, the significance of alpha-tocopherol concentrations appeared to depend on cholesterol levels. CES-D scores correlated positively with plasma MDA levels, the MDA/TC ratio and the MDA/LDL+VLDL ratio among the low JS group (r = 0.69, p < 0.001; r = 0.79, p < 0.001; r = 0.75, p < 0.005, respectively), whereas there were no correlations among the high JS group. After controlling for lifestyle covariates, the relationship between CES-D scores and the MDA/LDL+VLDL ratio remained significant (beta = 0.95, p < 0.05) using a multiple linear regression model (F = 3.61, p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS Sample numbers in each JS group were relatively small. CONCLUSIONS Psychological stress may reduce the plasma levels of LDL+VLDL accompanying an alpha-tocopherol decrease. There appeared to be a correlation between elevated MDA and depressive symptoms in low JS participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Tsuboi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Health Promotional Science, University of Hamamatsu, 1230 Miyakoda-cho, Hamamatsu 431-2102, Japan.
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Logan AC. Dietary fiber, mood, and behavior. Nutrition 2006; 22:213-4; author reply 215. [PMID: 16459235 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Logan AC. Omega-3 and depression research: hold the olive oil. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2005; 72:441. [PMID: 15919612 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2005.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Revised: 01/26/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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