1
|
Serpas DG, Morton T, Zettel-Watson L, Cherry BJ. The role of pain intensity and depressive symptoms in the relationship between sleep quality and postural control among middle-aged and older adults with Fibromyalgia. Psychol Health 2024; 39:749-764. [PMID: 36134694 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2107644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition often accompanied by sleep problems and depression that are each associated with reduced physical ability including postural control. Research supports a sequential association between pain intensity and depression in FM, and poor sleep quality may play a key role in this relationship. This study aimed to verify a serial pattern of associations among sleep quality, pain intensity, and depressive symptoms and quantify these effects on objective postural control. DESIGN Community-residing adults diagnosed with FM (n = 155; Mage = 61.08, SD = 7.70; 93% female; 79% White) were included in this cross-sectional study. MAIN OUTCOMES Participants self-rated sleep quality (restorative sleep, sleep waking, and sleep latency), pain intensity, and depressive symptoms, and the Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale and 8-Foot Up and Go Test (8FUPGT) measured objective postural control. RESULTS Findings indicated that the serial association between pain intensity and depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship between sleep quality and both FAB (95% CI [-.125, -.013]), and 8FUPGT (95% CI [.002, .033]) performance. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the serial association of pain intensity and depressive symptoms with objective postural control performance and the potential for sleep and depression interventions that may maximize functional outcomes in FM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan G Serpas
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Morton
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Laura Zettel-Watson
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
- Aging Studies Academic Program, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Barbara J Cherry
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
- Aging Studies Academic Program, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saraceni N, Campbell A, Kent P, Ng L, Straker L, O’Sullivan P. An Exploration of the Influence of Non-Biomechanical Factors on Lifting-Related LBP. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1903. [PMID: 36767270 PMCID: PMC9914774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The primary objective was to compare non-biomechanical factors between manual workers with and without a history of LBP related to lifting. A secondary objective was to investigate associations between the change in pain intensity during repeated lifting (termed pain ramp) and non-biomechanical factors tested in the LBP group. Methods: Manual workers currently in lifting occupations with and without a history of lifting-related LBP were recruited (21 LBP and 20 noLBP) and took part in a repeated (100) lift task. A series of non-biomechanical factors, including psychological, work-related, lifestyle, whole health and psychophysical factors, were collected. Psychophysical factors (pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and fatigue) were also measured at different time points. Associations between pain ramp during lifting and non-biomechanical factors were investigated with linear regression. Results: The LBP group reported worse perceived sleep quality, more musculoskeletal pain sites other than LBP and greater symptoms related to gastrointestinal complaints and pseudo-neurology compared to the group with no history of LBP. The group with LBP were also slightly more worried about the lifting task and felt more fatigued at the end of the lifting task. The feeling of fatigue during lifting was positively associated with pain ramp in the LBP group. Anxiety and gastrointestinal complaints were weakly negatively associated with pain ramp during lifting. Conclusions: The group differences of poorer perceived sleep, greater non-specific health complaints, slightly more worry about the lifting task and more perceived fatigue in the LBP group highlight the complex and multi-factorial nature of LBP related to lifting. The feeling of fatigue was positively associated with pain ramp in the LBP group, suggesting a close relationship with pain and fatigue during lifting that requires further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nic Saraceni
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amity Campbell
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Kent
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Leo Ng
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter O’Sullivan
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Western Australia, Australia
- Body Logic Physiotherapy, Shenton Park 6008, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biswas S, Clawson W, Levin M. Learning in Transcriptional Network Models: Computational Discovery of Pathway-Level Memory and Effective Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010285. [PMID: 36613729 PMCID: PMC9820177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trainability, in any substrate, refers to the ability to change future behavior based on past experiences. An understanding of such capacity within biological cells and tissues would enable a particularly powerful set of methods for prediction and control of their behavior through specific patterns of stimuli. This top-down mode of control (as an alternative to bottom-up modification of hardware) has been extensively exploited by computer science and the behavioral sciences; in biology however, it is usually reserved for organism-level behavior in animals with brains, such as training animals towards a desired response. Exciting work in the field of basal cognition has begun to reveal degrees and forms of unconventional memory in non-neural tissues and even in subcellular biochemical dynamics. Here, we characterize biological gene regulatory circuit models and protein pathways and find them capable of several different kinds of memory. We extend prior results on learning in binary transcriptional networks to continuous models and identify specific interventions (regimes of stimulation, as opposed to network rewiring) that abolish undesirable network behavior such as drug pharmacoresistance and drug sensitization. We also explore the stability of created memories by assessing their long-term behavior and find that most memories do not decay over long time periods. Additionally, we find that the memory properties are quite robust to noise; surprisingly, in many cases noise actually increases memory potential. We examine various network properties associated with these behaviors and find that no one network property is indicative of memory. Random networks do not show similar memory behavior as models of biological processes, indicating that generic network dynamics are not solely responsible for trainability. Rational control of dynamic pathway function using stimuli derived from computational models opens the door to empirical studies of proto-cognitive capacities in unconventional embodiments and suggests numerous possible applications in biomedicine, where behavior shaping of pathway responses stand as a potential alternative to gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surama Biswas
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology, Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology, Kolkata 700150, India
| | - Wesley Clawson
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-627-6161
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li R, Chen F, He X, Feng Y, Pei Q, Wang D, Liu X, Liu J, Hou X, Bai T. Nocebo response intensity and influencing factors in the randomized clinical trials of irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1018713. [PMID: 36606047 PMCID: PMC9807875 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1018713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the magnitude of the nocebo response and explore its influencing factors in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to March 2021. We performed a random effects meta-analysis of the proportion of adverse events (AEs) in placebo-treated patients with IBS who are involved in parallel-designed, randomized, placebo-controlled trials investigating pharmacological interventions and evaluated the effect of trial characteristics on the magnitude of the nocebo response rate. Results A total of 6,107 studies were identified from the databases. After evaluation, 53 met the eligibility criteria and were included. The overall pooled nocebo response rate was 32% (95% CI: 26-38%). The most commonly reported AEs were headache (9%), nasopharyngitis (7%), abdominal pain (4%), and nausea (4%). The nocebo response rate was low compared with that in the treatment group applying probiotics, antispasmodics, and Traditional Chinese medicine, but high compared with that in antibiotic treatment group. The nocebo rate in patients using diaries to record AEs was lower than the average, and was higher in patients recording through checkup. Discussion Patients with IBS have significant nocebo response intensity in clinical trials. Based on findings in this study, we recommend the researchers pay attention to the common AEs and carefully analyze the relation to the intervention.
Collapse
|
5
|
Fu B, Peng J, Wang T. The Health Cost of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does Health-Promoting Leadership Matter? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106343. [PMID: 35627879 PMCID: PMC9140745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has mainly focused on the positive effects of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). This study questions the positive impact of OCB, arguing that there is a health cost of OCB. Based on the conservation of resource theory, this study expects that OCB triggers citizenship fatigue, which, in turn, negatively affects employees' health and results in health complaints. This study also seeks to find a moderator (health-promoting leadership) that could mitigate the negative effects of citizenship fatigue (caused by engaging in OCB) on health complaints. To test our predictions, we collected three-wave data from 207 leader-subordinate dyads. The results of regression analyses show that OCB is positively related to employees' health complaints, which is mediated by citizenship fatigue. Health-promoting leadership weakens the positive relationship between citizenship fatigue and health complaints, thus negatively moderating the indirect relationship between OCB and health complaints via citizenship fatigue. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fu
- School of Management, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; or
| | - Jian Peng
- School of Management, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; or
- Correspondence: or
| | - Tao Wang
- Office of Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weinert C, Maier C, Laumer S, Weitzel T. Repeated IT Interruption: Habituation and Sensitization of User Responses. J MANAGE INFORM SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07421222.2021.2023411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weinert
- Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Christian Maier
- Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Sven Laumer
- Digitalization in Business and Society, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Tim Weitzel
- Information Systems and Services, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Avishai-Cohen H, Zerach G. Exposure to Potentially Traumatic Events, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, Pain Catastrophizing, and Functional Somatic Symptoms Among Individuals With Varied Somatic Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP76-NP103. [PMID: 32326819 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520912587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs), as well as posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and somatic syndromes, have recently been exemplified. Exposure to PTEs can also set in motion complex psychological processes such as pain catastrophizing that is associated with PTSS and somatic syndromes. However, the specific moderating role of pain catastrophizing in these links remains relatively unexamined. The present study aims to assess a moderated mediation model in which catastrophizing will moderate the indirect effect of exposure to PTEs on the number of somatic symptoms and chronic pain severity via PTSS, among individuals with somatic syndromes. A volunteers' sample of 175 Israeli adults with varied somatic symptoms responded to online validated self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional designed study. Participants' self-reported PTSS rates (57.1%) were high. PTSS and pain catastrophizing, but not exposure to PTEs, were related to chronic pain severity. Interestingly, a moderated mediation analysis indicated that the indirect effect of catastrophizing in the relation between exposure to PTEs and the number of somatic symptoms via PTSS existed only among those with high levels of catastrophizing. The present study highlights the assumption that functional somatic syndromes (FSS) have much in common. Our findings support a moderated mediation model that begins with exposure to PTEs that leads to PTSS, which in turn increase the number of somatic symptoms. Higher levels of pain catastrophizing might attenuate this indirect link by affecting the interpretation of PTSS and create a vulnerability to more somatic symptoms. Thus, changes in cognitive-sensory processing in the form of catastrophic thinking can affect psychobiological processes and heighten sensitivity to stimuli arising in the body and should be considered as possible target for future research and psychological interventions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Appel JE, Vrijsen JN, Marchetti I, Becker ES, Collard RM, van Eijndhoven P, Schene AH, Tendolkar I. The Role of Perseverative Cognition for Both Mental and Somatic Disorders in a Naturalistic Psychiatric Patient Sample. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:1058-1066. [PMID: 34419995 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perseverative cognition (PC) is the repeated or long-term activation of the cognitive representation of psychological stressors and is associated with prolonged stress including somatic and mental consequences. Hence, PC might represent a cognitive process linking mental and somatic pathology, but current research on this link is limited by investigating healthy samples, markers of somatic disease, and single disorders. The present study explored the importance of PC for different mental and somatic disorders in psychiatric patients. METHODS Data from 260 naturalistic psychiatric outpatients were used. Psychiatric diagnoses were based on structured clinical interviews. Somatic diseases were assessed using a well-validated questionnaire and were clustered into (cardio)vascular and immune/endocrine diseases. PC was operationalized using the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ). RESULTS Multiple regression complemented with relative importance analyses showed that the PTQ total and subscale scores were associated with the presence of mood disorders, addiction, and anxiety. Unexpectedly, no relatively important associations were found between the PTQ and autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or somatic disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data complement previous work linking PC to stress-related mental disorders but question its immediate role in neurodevelopmental and somatic disorders. Targeting PC in the treatment of mood disorders and perhaps also in addiction seems promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Appel
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (Appel, Vrijsen, Collard, van Eijndhoven, Schene, Tendolkar), Radboud University Medical Center; Behavioural Science Institute (Appel, Becker), Radboud University; Depression Expertise Centre (Vrijsen), Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Life Sciences (Marchetti), Psychology Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; and LVR-Klinikum Essen (Tendolkar), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amanzio M, Mitsikostas DD, Giovannelli F, Bartoli M, Cipriani GE, Brown WA. Adverse events of active and placebo groups in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine randomized trials: A systematic review. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE 2021; 12:100253. [PMID: 34729549 PMCID: PMC8553263 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background For safety assessment in clinical trials, adverse events (AEs) are reported for the drug under evaluation and compared with AEs in the placebo group. Little is known about the nature of the AEs associated with clinical trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the extent to which these can be traced to nocebo effects, where negative treatment-related expectations favor their occurrence. Methods In our systematic review, we compared the rates of solicited AEs in the active and placebo groups of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines approved by the Western pharmaceutical regulatory agencies.We implemented a search strategy to identify trial-III studies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines through the PubMed database. We adopted the PRISMA Statement to perform the study selection and the data collection and identified three trial: two mRNA-based (37590 participants) and one adenovirus type (6736 participants). Findings Relative risks showed that the occurrence of AEs reported in the vaccine groups was higher compared with the placebo groups. The most frequently AEs in both groups were fatigue, headache, local pain, as injection site reactions, and myalgia. In particular, for first doses in placebo recipients, fatigue was reported in 29% and 27% in BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 groups, respectively, and in 21% of Ad26.COV2.S participants. Headache was reported in 27% in both mRNA groups and in 24% of Ad26.COV2.S recipients. Myalgia was reported in 10% and 14% in mRNA groups (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, respectively) and in 13% of Ad26.COV2.S participants. Local pain was reported in 12% and 17% in mRNA groups (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, respectively), and in 17% of Ad26.COV2.S recipients. These AEs are more common in the younger population and in the first dose of placebo recipients of the mRNA vaccines. Interpretation Our results are in agreement with the expectancy theory of nocebo effects and suggest that the AEs associated with COVID-19 vaccines may be related to the nocebo effect. Funding Fondazione CRT - Cassa di Risparmio di Torino, IT (grant number 66346, "GAIA-MENTE" 2019).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Amanzio
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Dimos D Mitsikostas
- First Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 72-74 V. Sofia's Avenue, Athens 11528, Hellas, Greece
| | - Fabio Giovannelli
- Section of Psychology - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Bartoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Walter A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, 69 Brown Street Providence, RI 02912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ekerholt K, Bergland A. Embodied Knowledge - the Phenomenon of Subjective Health Complaints reflected upon by Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy specialists. Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 38:2122-2133. [PMID: 33957856 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1920073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many patients report subjective health complaints (SHCs) during primary health care consultations. Objective: To elucidate Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy (NPMP) specialists' clinical experiences in treatment of patients suffering from SHCs. Methods: Twelve NPMP specialists were interviewed. The transcripts were qualitatively analyzed using systematic text condensation. Results: "Embodied knowledge" seemed to be an unfamiliar concept to those suffering from SHCs. The NPMP specialists regarded increased body awareness to be a vital element in the process of recovery from SHCs. Differences between NPMP specialists' professional view and that of some medical doctors were reported. Three categories emerged from the material: 1) "The process of establishing a joint understanding of subjective health complaints"; 2) "The process of increasing the patients' embodied awareness"; and 3) "The challenge of sharing embodied knowledge in inter-professional communication." Conclusion: The NPMP specialists emphasized the importance of increasing patients' consciousness of their embodied knowledge. They searched to adjust their therapeutic approaches, depending on the individual patient's specific problems and degree of emotional and/or bodily strain. The NPMP specialists experienced the importance of creating a shared understanding of the meaning embedded in SHCs between patients, NPMP specialists, and medical doctors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Ekerholt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid Bergland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Relationship between symptoms of menopause and personality traits in Polish perimenopausal women: A correlation study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-0105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
12
|
Liang HL. Does Workplace Bullying Produce Employee Voice and Physical Health Issues? Testing the Mediating Role of Emotional Exhaustion. Front Psychol 2021; 12:610944. [PMID: 33633641 PMCID: PMC7900544 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.610944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace bullying is a reality in organizations. Employees’ experiences of workplace bullying can produce their voice that intends to challenge the status quo at work and can damage their physical health. This study examines the effects of workplace bullying on employee voice and physical health issues and considers individuals’ emotional reactions as a critical mechanism operating between workplace bullying and its consequences in workplace situations. Emotional exhaustion mediates the influence of workplace bullying on employee voice and damaged health. Data for 694 employees from a large Taiwanese retail organization revealed that workplace bullying relates to its outcomes at work. The findings of this study show that emotional exhaustion is a critical mechanism between workplace bullying and its consequences, i.e., employee voice and health issues. A time-lag study design is applied to reduce common method bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Liang Liang
- Department of International Business Management, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Orakpo N, Vieux U, Castro-Nuñez C. Case Report: Virtual Reality Neurofeedback Therapy as a Novel Modality for Sustained Analgesia in Centralized Pain Syndromes. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:660105. [PMID: 33959057 PMCID: PMC8093562 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.660105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofeedback (NFB) Therapy is a form of biofeedback, using the electroencephalogram (EEG) that has been in use since the 1970s, serving as a non-pharmacological intervention for epilepsy and psychiatric conditions such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, PTSD, post-concussive syndrome, and now, centralized pain. Chronic pain can increase neuronal activity and eventually causes poor modulation of pain messages. With the emergence of Virtual Reality (VR) in acute pain management, and the contraindications of opioids in chronic pain, applying novel biotechnologies seems like the next frontier in multimodal pain management. In this study, the VR and NFB technologies were fused together (VR-NFB) and used as a novel treatment modality for a 55-year-old woman who suffered from chronic pain secondary to spondylolisthesis with cervical, thoracic, and lumbar disc herniations after a motor vehicle accident with comorbid depression, anxiety, sleep deprivation, and difficulty with activities of daily living, and inability to participate in physical therapy. Our case reports on the sustained analgesia achieved for 1 year after a trial of VR-NFB, and the usefulness of neuromodulation in centralized pain syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nnamdi Orakpo
- Department of Psychiatry, Garnet Health Medical Center, Middletown, NY, United States
| | - Ulrick Vieux
- Department of Psychiatry, Garnet Health Medical Center, Middletown, NY, United States
| | - Cristian Castro-Nuñez
- Transitional Year Program, Garnet Health Medical Center, Middletown, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wei D, Liu Y, Zhuang K, Lv J, Meng J, Sun J, Chen Q, Yang W, Qiu J. Brain Structures Associated With Individual Differences in Somatic Symptoms and Emotional Distress in a Healthy Sample. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:492990. [PMID: 33281578 PMCID: PMC7705100 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.492990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-related psychosomatic responses are viewed as important risks to our physical health. Growing evidence from structural imaging studies has implicated that stress and trauma exposures have negative effects on brain structural alterations. However, whether stress-related emotional distress and somatic symptoms are related to the structure of brain systems remains unclear. Also, stress-related somatic symptoms have adverse effects on emotional distress. In turn, emotional distress may influence somatic symptom reports via negative cognitive bias. However, whether this relationship is mediated by specific brain morphology remains poorly understood. First, we used voxel-based morphometric approaches to investigate the neuroanatomical basis underlying somatic symptoms and emotional distress in a large sample of healthy subjects (ages 18–27 years). We found that relatively high stress-related somatic symptoms were associated with reduced gray matter volumes (GMVs) in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior insula, somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Furthermore, a moderator analysis was performed to investigate the impact of recent stressful life events (moderators) on the association between specific GMVs (independent variables) and emotional distress (dependent variables). Interestingly, high levels of emotional distress were associated with small volumes of the vmPFC, anterior insula, hippocampus, and amygdala in participants with experience with more recent stressful life events. Finally, we performed mediation analyses to investigate the specific brain areas that mediate the association between emotional distress and somatic symptoms. The results showed that the effect of emotional distress on somatic symptoms is mediated by reductions in the volume of the hippocampus, the impact of somatic symptoms on emotional distress is mediated by the volume of the vmPFC. These results provided evidence that higher stress-related somatic symptoms are associated with smaller volume in prefrontal, insula, and limbic regions involved in emotion, interoception, and memory processing. The vmPFC and hippocampus play different roles in the relationship between emotional distress and somatic symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieyu Lv
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Stress-Induced Alteration in Chloride Transporters in the Trigeminal Nerve May Explain the Comorbidity between Depression and Migraine. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint1020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is frequently comorbid with depression and anxiety disorders. In the case of depression and panic disorder, the associations seem to be bidirectional. Stress (activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) is thought to be involved in increasing the attack frequency. In the current review, it is argued that elevated levels of cortisol increase the function of chloride-ion transporter NKCC1 and decrease the function of chloride-extruder KCC2 in the trigeminal nerve. This leads to a diminished inhibitory effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and an enhanced likelihood of a migraine attack. Since migraine attacks themselves are stressful, and since brain areas are activated that could contribute to panic, anxiety and depression, a number of self-sustaining circular processes could occur that would explain the bi-directionality of the associations. On the basis of this hypothesis, several novel therapeutic approaches to counter the pathological process can be proposed. These include inhibition of corticotrophin releasing factor by CRF1 receptor antagonists, blockade of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) at the MC2 receptor, and inhibition of the hyperactive NKCC1 chloride-transporter.
Collapse
|
16
|
Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235419. [PMID: 32589694 PMCID: PMC7319292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and chronic pain are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although the health benefits of regular physical exercise are well-documented, few large epidemiological studies have investigated the association between specific domains of physical exercise and chronic pain in young adults. We sought to investigate the association between frequency, intensity and duration of physical exercise, and chronic pain. Methods Data stem from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 36,625 fulltime students aged 18–35 years completed all relevant questionnaires. Chronic pain, defined according to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), was assessed with a newly developed hierarchical digital instrument for reporting both distribution and characteristics of pain in predefined body regions. Physical exercise was assessed using three sets of questions, measuring the number of times exercising each week, and the average intensity and the number of hours each time. Results The majority (54%) of the students reported chronic pain in at least one location, and the prevalence was especially high among women. The overall pattern was an inverse dose-response association between exercise and chronic pain: the more frequent, harder or longer the physical exercise, the lower the risk of chronic pain. Similar findings were generally also observed for the number of pain locations: frequent exercise was associated with fewer pain locations. Adjusting for demographical, lifestyle factors and depression had little effect on the magnitude of the associations. Conclusion Given the many health benefits of regular exercise, there is much to be gained in facilitating college and university students to be more physically active, ideally, thru a joint responsibility between political and educational institutions. Due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, one should be careful to draw a firm conclusion about the direction of causality.
Collapse
|
17
|
Nordin S. Mechanisms underlying nontoxic indoor air health problems: A review. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 226:113489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
18
|
Intra- and interindividual differences in the within-person coupling between daily pain and affect of older adults. J Behav Med 2019; 43:707-722. [PMID: 31489518 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-019-00099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The bidirectional interplay between chronic pain and negative affect is well-established in patient samples. However, less is known about the day-to-day relationship between pain and affect of older adults without severe illnesses and to what extent this association differs within and between individuals. A total of 224 participants (Mage = 77.6, SDage = 6.2) reported their daily experience of pain, impairment by their pain and affect during 21 consecutive days. Multilevel modeling results showed that on days with increased pain individuals also reported less positive affect and more negative affect. Time-lagged results indicated a temporal carry-over from yesterday's pain to today's negative affect but not to today's positive affect. Moreover, on days when individuals reported stronger impairment by their pain, they showed a stronger within-person coupling between daily pain and affect in contrast to days with a weaker experience of daily impairment. Yesterday's pain and today's negative affect were more strongly associated within individuals who reported higher levels of impairment. Interindividual differences in the within-person coupling between daily pain and affect were found with regard to general physical health conditions and general satisfaction with health. This study demonstrated the importance of focusing on within-person couplings between daily pain and affect beyond patient samples in order to better understand the maintenance of emotional stability despite daily hassles in older adults' everyday lives.
Collapse
|
19
|
Bartel A, Jordan J, Correll D, Devane A, Samuelson KW. Somatic burden and perceived cognitive problems in trauma‐exposed adults with posttraumatic stress symptoms or pain. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:146-160. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Bartel
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado Springs Colorado
| | - Joshua Jordan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan Francisco California
| | - Danielle Correll
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado Springs Colorado
| | - Amanda Devane
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado Springs Colorado
| | - Kristin W. Samuelson
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado Springs Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The term nocebo effect refers to the harmful outcomes that result from people’s negative beliefs, anticipations, or experiences related to the treatment rather than the pharmacological properties of the treatment. These outcomes may include a worsening of symptoms, a lack of expected improvement, or adverse events, and they may occur after the active treatment and the placebo that is supposed to imitate it. The nocebo effect is always unwanted and may distort estimates of treatment effectiveness and safety; moreover, it may cause discontinuation of therapy or withdrawal from a trial. The nocebo effect may be unintentionally evoked by the explanations given by healthcare professionals during a clinical consultation or consent procedures, or by information from other patients, the media, or the Internet. Moreover, it may be a consequence of previous bad experiences with the treatment, through learning and conditioning, and the conditioning may happen without patients’ conscious awareness. In trial settings, a study design, for example lack of blinding, may introduce bias from the nocebo effect. Unlike the placebo effect, which is usually taken into consideration while interpreting treatment outcomes and controlled for in clinical trials, the nocebo effect is under-recognised by clinical researchers and clinicians. This is worrying, because the nocebo phenomenon is common and may have potentially negative consequences for the results of clinical treatment and trials. It is therefore important that doctors and medical researchers consider any potential nocebo effect while assessing the treatment effect and try to minimise it through careful choice and phrasing of treatment-related information given to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wartolowska
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ezra Y, Hammerman O, Shahar G. The Four-Cluster Spectrum of Mind-Body Interrelationships: An Integrative Model. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:39. [PMID: 30881314 PMCID: PMC6405696 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the shift toward a biopsychosocial paradigm of medicine, many physicians and mental health professionals (MHPs) find it difficult to treat patients with psycho-somatic disorders. This situation is particularly troublesome due to the high prevalence of these conditions. Although progress has been made over the last few decades in understanding mechanisms underlying the mind-body relationship, disparities remain between research and its clinical implementation. One possible reason for this is the lack of a comprehensive, agreed-upon model that incorporates a biopsychosocial framework and is rooted in an understanding of the various psychobiological pathways. Such a model would enable better communication between physicians and MHPs, allowing them to provide coordinated, stratified treatment. In this paper, four archetypal case studies, together with standard care options are presented to illustrate the current state of affairs. A four-tiered conceptual model of mind-body interrelationships based on pathophysiological and psychopathological mechanisms is suggested to help optimize the treatment of somatic complaints. This Four-Cluster model consists of: (1) Organic Conditions: Structural, or degenerative processes that can affect mood and psychological responses but are not clearly exacerbated by stress. (2) Stress Exacerbated Diseases: Biological disorders with a distinct pathophysiology, such as inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, whose progression is clearly exacerbated by stress. (3) Functional Somatic Syndromes: Conditions wherein heightened sensitivity to stimuli together with hyper-reactivity of the autonomic system form a "vicious cycle" of mutually enhancing learning processes. These processes involve biological mechanisms, such as central sensitization and psychological mechanisms such as catastrophization and selective attention. (4) Conversion Disorder: Physical manifestations of psychological distress, expressed somatically. Symptoms are solely an expression of problems in patients' psychic functioning and are not caused by biological pathology. Finally, suggested management of the aforementioned case studies is presented through the lens of the Four-Cluster model and a proposed integration of our model with existing theories is discussed. As it is rooted in an understanding of psychobiological pathways of illness, the proposed model enables a new way to discern which form of mind-body interaction is manifesting in different diseases and proposes a way to coordinate treatment plans accordingly, to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yacov Ezra
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Oded Hammerman
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Golan Shahar
- Psychology Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Allara E, Beccaria F, Molinar R, Marinaro L, Ermacora A, Coppo A, Faggiano F. A School-Based Program to Promote Well-Being in Preadolescents: Results From a Cluster Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study. J Prim Prev 2018; 40:151-170. [PMID: 30511292 PMCID: PMC6426799 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-018-0530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Diario della Salute [My Health Diary] is a school-based program designed to enhance the subjective well-being and health of 12- to 13-year-old students. We hypothesized that providing students with the social and emotional skills to fulfill their potential and deal with common developmental tasks of adolescence (e.g., onset of puberty, identity development, increased responsibilities and academic demands) would result in improved well-being and health. The program comprises five standardized interactive lessons concerning common psychosocial and health issues in adolescence, and two narrative booklets addressed to both students and their parents. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program in terms of the students’ subjective well-being, aggressive behavior, and health behavior. Using a quasi-experimental study design, schools in the intervention group implemented the full program and those in the comparison group received their regular curriculum. We administered measures of the study’s objectives both before and after program implementation. Statistical analyses accounted for within-school clustering, potential socioeconomic and demographic confounding, and pre-implementation levels of these measures. We sampled 62 schools and allocated 2630 students to either an intervention or comparison group. Sociodemographic characteristics and baseline outcomes were balanced across study groups. Unexpectedly, respondents in the intervention group had 0.38 greater mean adjusted score of the WHO/Europe Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Symptom Checklist instrument than respondents in the comparison group, indicating a reduction in subjective well-being. We did not observe any program effects on aggressive and health behaviors. The apparent reduction in subjective well-being reflected by an increased perception of psychosomatic complaints is suggestive of either increased emotional competence or, potentially, iatrogenic program effects. While greater emotional competence is positively associated with well-being over the course of life, the program in its present form should not be disseminated due to the possibility of adverse unintended effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Allara
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, Novara, Italy.
| | - Franca Beccaria
- Eclectica Institute of Research, Training and Communication, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Molinar
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, Novara, Italy.,Eclectica Institute of Research, Training and Communication, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Marinaro
- Epidemiology Unit, Prevention Department, CN2 Local Health Authority, Alba, Italy
| | - Antonella Ermacora
- Eclectica Institute of Research, Training and Communication, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Coppo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, Novara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Faggiano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, Novara, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Walley NM, Pena LDM, Hooper SR, Cope H, Jiang YH, McConkie-Rosell A, Sanders C, Schoch K, Spillmann RC, Strong K, McCray AT, Mazur P, Esteves C, LeBlanc K, Wise AL, Shashi V. Characteristics of undiagnosed diseases network applicants: implications for referring providers. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:652. [PMID: 30134969 PMCID: PMC6106923 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of undiagnosed diseases manifest with objective findings that warrant further investigation. The Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) receives applications from patients whose symptoms and signs have been intractable to diagnosis; however, many UDN applicants are affected primarily by subjective symptoms such as pain and fatigue. We sought to characterize presenting symptoms, referral sources, and demographic factors of applicants to the UDN to identify factors that may determine application outcome and potentially differentiate between those with undiagnosed diseases (with more objective findings) and those who are less likely to have an undiagnosed disease (more subjective symptoms). METHODS We used a systematic retrospective review of 151 consecutive Not Accepted and 50 randomly selected Accepted UDN applications. The primary outcome was whether an applicant was Accepted, or Not Accepted, and, if accepted, whether or not a diagnosis was made. Objective and subjective symptoms and information on prior specialty consultations were collected from provider referral letters. Demographic data and decision data on network acceptance were gathered from the UDN online portal. RESULTS Fewer objective findings and more subjective symptoms were found in the Not Accepted applications. Not Accepted referrals also were from older individuals, reported a shorter period of illness, and were referred to the UDN by their primary care physicians. All of these differences reached statistical significance in comparison with Accepted applications. The frequency of subspecialty consults for diagnostic purposes prior to UDN application was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The preponderance of subjective and lack of objective findings in the Not Accepted applications distinguish these from applicants that are accepted for evaluation and diagnostic efforts through the UDN. Not Accepted applicants are referred primarily by their primary care providers after multiple specialist consultations fail to yield answers. Distinguishing between patients with undiagnosed diseases with objective findings and those with primarily subjective findings can delineate patients who would benefit from further diagnostic processes from those who may have functional disorders and need alternative pathways for management of their symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT02450851 , posted May 21st 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Walley
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Loren D. M. Pena
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Stephen R. Hooper
- Department of Allied Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Heidi Cope
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Allyn McConkie-Rosell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Camilla Sanders
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Kelly Schoch
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Rebecca C. Spillmann
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Kimberly Strong
- Ethics and Genomics Program, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Alexa T. McCray
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Paul Mazur
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Cecilia Esteves
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Kimberly LeBlanc
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Vandana Shashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Box 103857, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Musculoskeletal pain in Primary Care Physiotherapy: Associations with demographic and general health characteristics. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2018; 35:61-66. [PMID: 29547788 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients reporting musculoskeletal pain present to Primary Care Physiotherapy with costly comorbid overlapping complaints that remain medically unexplained. These subjective health complaints (SHC) incorporate coexisting multi-site musculoskeletal pain and varied non-musculoskeletal complaints (e.g. anxiety, tiredness). The role of these non-musculoskeletal complaints is acknowledged in spinal musculoskeletal disorders, but less so for peripheral musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study explored the relationships between self-reported musculoskeletal pain sites, non-musculoskeletal complaints and disability among people reporting spinal or peripheral musculoskeletal pain. METHODS Fifty individuals with spinal musculoskeletal pain and fifty with peripheral musculoskeletal pain provided data on disability, number of musculoskeletal pain sites and non-musculoskeletal complaints. Relationships between these variables were examined for each group using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. RESULTS Participants with spinal musculoskeletal pain recorded significantly more pain sites and non-musculoskeletal complaints than participants with peripheral musculoskeletal pain. However, there was no significant difference in disability between the groups. Non-musculoskeletal complaints were significantly associated with disability (correlation = 0.41, p < 0.01) and number of pain sites (correlation = 0.42, p < 0.01). Number of pain sites and disability were not significantly associated in either group. Participants with spinal musculoskeletal pain reported more tiredness, dizziness, anxiety and sleep problems. Participants reporting dizziness, anxiety, sadness/depression and sleep problems had higher disability. CONCLUSION Further studies must confirm the robustness of these associations, to permit comparisons between clinical and general populations and aid identification of causal factors. Considering SHC within individualised management programmes may improve outcomes.
Collapse
|
25
|
Brunes A, Nielsen MB, Heir T. Bullying among people with visual impairment: Prevalence, associated factors and relationship to self-efficacy and life satisfaction. World J Psychiatry 2018; 8:43-50. [PMID: 29568731 PMCID: PMC5862654 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v8.i1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine associated factors of bullying and to determine associations between bullying and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with visual impairments (VI).
METHODS We conducted an age-stratified cross-sectional survey of adults with VI who were recruited from the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted. Data were collected through structural telephone interviews in the period between February and May, 2017. Linear regression models were used to examine factors related to bullying and associations of bullying with self-efficacy and life satisfaction.
RESULTS A total of 736 individuals were interviewed. The lifetime and 6-mo prevalence of bullying was 41.7% and 8.2%, respectively. The majority of bullied participants reported VI-specific bullying (65.1%). Victimization of bullying was associated with young age, early onset-age of VI, and having other impairments. Participants who reported bullying had lower levels of self-efficacy [Adjusted relative risk (ARR): 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.19-0.85] and life satisfaction (ARR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.51-0.91).
CONCLUSION Bullying is highly prevalent among individuals with VI. Our findings suggest that interventions to reduce bullying may be beneficial for improving the well-being and life quality of people with VI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audun Brunes
- Section for Trauma, Catastrophes and Migration - Adults, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo 0409, Norway
| | - Morten B Nielsen
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo 0363, Norway
| | - Trond Heir
- Department of Trauma and Migration, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo 0484, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Thoma MV, Mewes R, Nater UM. Preliminary evidence: the stress-reducing effect of listening to water sounds depends on somatic complaints: A randomized trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9851. [PMID: 29465568 PMCID: PMC5842016 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listening to natural sounds is applied in health contexts in order to induce relaxation. However, it remains unclear whether this effect is equally efficacious in all individuals or whether it depends on interindividual differences. Given that individuals differ in how they are impaired by somatic complaints, we investigated whether somatic complaints moderate the stress-reducing effect of listening to water sounds. METHODS Sixty healthy women (Mage = 25 years) were randomly allocated to 3 different conditions (listening to water sounds, a relaxing piece of music, or no auditory stimulus: n = 20 per condition) for 10 minutes before they were exposed to a standardized psychosocial stress task. Salivary cortisol was assessed before, during, and after the stress task. For binary logistic regression analyses, participants were divided into 2 groups: 1 group with a high salivary cortisol release and 1 group with low cortisol release. The Freiburg Complaints Inventory was used to assess occurrence of somatic complaints. RESULTS A significant moderating effect of somatic complaints on cortisol secretion was found in the group listening to water sounds (χ(1) = 5.87, P < .015) but not in the other 2 groups, explaining 35.7% of the variance and correctly classifying 78.9% of the cases. CONCLUSION The stress-reducing effect of listening to water sounds appears to depend on the occurrence of somatic complaints. This effect was not found in the music or silence condition. Individuals with somatic complaints may benefit from other, potentially more powerful forms of stress-reducing interventions, that is, combinations of visual and auditory stimuli. TRIAL REGISTRATION not applicable (pilot study).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Verena Thoma
- Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ricarda Mewes
- Outpatient Department for Research, Teaching and Practice, Department of Psychology
| | - Urs M. Nater
- Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Karvala K, Sainio M, Palmquist E, Nyback MH, Nordin S. Prevalence of various environmental intolerances in a Swedish and Finnish general population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:220-228. [PMID: 29161654 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of various environmental intolerances (EIs), using several criteria in a Swedish and a Finnish general population. Ill-health attributed to low-level environmental exposures is a commonly encountered challenge in occupational and environmental medicine. METHODS In population-based questionnaire surveys, the Västerbotten Environmental Health Study (Sweden) and the Österbotten Environmental Health Study (Finland), EI was inquired by one-item questions on symptom attribution to chemicals, certain buildings, or electromagnetic fields (EMFs), and difficulties tolerating sounds. The respondents were asked whether they react with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms or have a physician-diagnosed EI attributed to the corresponding exposures. Prevalence rates were determined for different age and sex groups and the Swedish and Finnish samples in general. RESULTS In the Swedish sample (n = 3406), 12.2% had self-reported intolerance to chemicals, 4.8% to certain buildings, 2.7% to EMFs, and 9.2% to sounds. The prevalence rates for the Finnish sample (n = 1535) were 15.2%, 7.2%, 1.6%, and 5.4%, respectively, differing statistically significantly from the Swedish. EI to chemicals and certain buildings was more prevalent in Finland, while EI to EMFs and sounds more prevalent in Sweden. The prevalence rates for EI with CNS-symptoms were lower and physician-diagnosed EIs considerably lower than self-reported EIs. Women reported EI more often than men and the young (18-39 years) to a lesser degree than middle-aged and elderly. CONCLUSIONS The findings reflect the heterogeneous nature of EI. The differences in EI prevalence between the countries might reflect disparities concerning which exposures people perceive harmful and focus their attention to.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Karvala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 b, 00250 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Markku Sainio
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 b, 00250 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eva Palmquist
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Maj-Helen Nyback
- Novia University of Applied Sciences, PO BOX 6, 65201 Vaasa, Finland.
| | - Steven Nordin
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lenaert B, Boddez Y, Vlaeyen JW, van Heugten CM. Learning to feel tired: A learning trajectory towards chronic fatigue. Behav Res Ther 2018; 100:54-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
29
|
Stubhaug B, Lier HO, Aßmus J, Rongve A, Kvale G. A 4-Day Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Program for CFS/ME. An Open Study, With 1-Year Follow-Up. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:720. [PMID: 30618889 PMCID: PMC6306445 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalopathy (CFS/ME) is an incapacitating illness in which single treatment interventions seem to have variable effects. Based on an earlier study we have conducted a new study with a concentrated intervention program. The aims of this study were to: (1) explore the clinical course for patients with CFS/ME who participated in a treatment program delivered during four consecutive days, and (2) evaluate their satisfaction with this program. Methods: 305 patients diagnosed with CFS/ME (Oxford criteria), recruited from a clinical population referred to a specialist outpatient clinic, participated in an open uncontrolled study of the clinical course through 1 year. The study group participated in a 4-day group intervention program, comprised by education, cognitive group therapy sessions, mindfulness sessions, physical activity and writing sessions, within a context of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment model. Assessments were done by self-reports prior to the first consultation, 1 week before and 1 week after the intervention program, and at 3 months and 1 year after the intervention. SPSS 23 and R 3.3 were used for statistical analyses. The associations between case definitions and the outcome measures (Chalder Fatigue Scale (FS), Short Form 36 (SF-36) physical functioning scale) were assessed by a linear mixed effects model (LME). Results: Results showed statistically significant clinical changes for 80% of the patients after the intervention, changes being sustained through 1 year after the program. For both Fatigue Scale (FS) and the SF-36 there were statistically significant effects of time from baseline to all time points with a statistically significant drop in scores, applying the linear mixed effects model. A subgroup fulfilling the inclusion criteria from the PACE study (Chalder Fatigue Scale >6/11, SF-36 Physical functioning <65/100) showed clinically significant improvement through 1 year, changes in outcome measures were statistically significant (p < 0.001). None of the patients included in the program dropped out, and a great majority of patients expressed high satisfaction with the content, focus and amount of treatment. Conclusion: Clinical changes observed from pre-treatment to 1 year follow-up could represent effects of the 4-day concentrated intervention program, and should be further explored in a controlled study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bjarte Stubhaug
- Department of Research and Innovation, Fonna Hospital Trust, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Haldis O Lier
- Department of Research and Innovation, Fonna Hospital Trust, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Jörg Aßmus
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Fonna Hospital Trust, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gerd Kvale
- Department of Mental Health, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,OCD-team, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hope L, Juul-Kristensen B, Løvaas H, Løvvik C, Maeland S. Subjective health complaints and illness perception amongst adults with Joint Hypermobility Syndrome/Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome-HypermobilityType – a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:333-340. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1390695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hope
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Birgit Juul-Kristensen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit of Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helene Løvaas
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Løvvik
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Maeland
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sharma SP, Moe-Nilssen R, Kvåle A, Bærheim A. Predicting outcome in frozen shoulder (shoulder capsulitis) in presence of comorbidity as measured with subjective health complaints and neuroticism. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:380. [PMID: 28865441 PMCID: PMC5581414 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a substantive lack of knowledge about comorbidity in patients with frozen shoulder. The aim of this study was to investigate whether subjective health complaints and Neuroticism would predict treatment outcome in patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder as measured by the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and change in SPADI. METHODS A total of 105 patients with frozen shoulder were recruited for a randomised controlled trial, where 69 were in the intervention group and received intraarticular corticosteroid injections and 36 patients served as control group. The SPADI was used as the outcome measure after 8 weeks, and change in SPADI from baseline to 8 weeks as a measure of rate of recovery. To examine comorbidities, all participants completed the Subjective Health Complaints (SHC) questionnaire with its five subscales, and the Neuroticism (N) component of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the baseline comorbidity variables that correlated significantly with SPADI after 8 weeks, and with change in SPADI from baseline to 8 weeks, controlling for the variables intervention, age, gender and duration of pain. RESULTS In this study, patients with frozen shoulder had little comorbidity as measured with SHC and scored normally with respect to Neuroticism. Only the Pseudoneurology subscale in SHC correlated significantly with SPADI and had significant predictive power (p < 0.001) for the outcome at 8 weeks. The intervention group exhibited significant statistical predictive power (p < 0.001) for the treatment outcome as measured by a change in SPADI from baseline to 8 weeks. Being female also had some predictive significance for change in SPADI (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION Psychometric parameters as measured by the Pseudoneurology subscale in SHC questionnaire did predict the treatment outcome in frozen shoulder as measured by SPADI at 8 weeks, but not by change in SPADI from baseline to 8 weeks. One may conclude that psychometric parameters may affect symptoms, but do not predict the rate of recovery in frozen shoulder. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01570985 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satya Pal Sharma
- Research Group, Section for General Practice, Department of Global health and Primary care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Rolf Moe-Nilssen
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alice Kvåle
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Bærheim
- Research Group, Section for General Practice, Department of Global health and Primary care, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, N-5018, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Blom V, Svedberg P, Bergström G, Mather L, Lindfors P. Stress in paid and unpaid work as related to cortisol and subjective health complaints in women working in the public health care sector. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORKPLACE HEALTH MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/ijwhm-12-2016-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Focusing on 420 women employed within the woman-dominated health care sector, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how any variation in their total workload (TWL) in terms of paid and unpaid work relate to various subjective health complaints (SHC) (n=420) and the neuroendocrine stress marker cortisol (n=68).
Design/methodology/approach
The authors explored how any variation in their TWL in terms of paid and unpaid work related cross-sectionally to SHC (n=420), and the neuroendocrine stress marker cortisol (n=68).
Findings
Hierarchical regression analyses showed that stress of unpaid work was most strongly related to diurnal variations in cortisol. Both stress of paid and unpaid work as well as TWL stress, but not hours spent on TWL, were related to SHC.
Practical implications
Taken together, objective measures of hours spent on various TWL domains were unrelated to outcome measures while perceptions of having too much TWL and TWL stress were linked to both cortisol and SHC, i.e. how individuals perceive a situation seem to be more important for health than the actual situation, which has implications for research and efforts to reduce individual TWL.
Originality/value
This study is unique in showing that unpaid work and perceptions having too much TWL relate to stress markers in women working in the public health care sector.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fjermestad KW, Runsjø F, Stokke S. Self-reported health in parents of boys with sex chromosome aneuploidies. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2017.1318388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krister W. Fjermestad
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Frambu Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Siggerud, Norway
| | - Fredrik Runsjø
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simen Stokke
- Frambu Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Siggerud, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Grassini S, Nordin S. Comorbidity in Migraine with Functional Somatic Syndromes, Psychiatric Disorders and Inflammatory Diseases: A Matter of Central Sensitization? Behav Med 2017; 43:91-99. [PMID: 26431372 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1086721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To approach the questions as to why migraine appears to be associated with functional somatic syndromes (FSSs) and whether central sensitization may be an underlying mechanism, the present study investigated (a) comorbidity with diagnoses of three FSSs, three psychiatric disorders, and three inflammatory diseases, (b) degree of mental health problems (stress, burnout, anxiety, depression and somatization), and (c) prevalence of ten cognitive/affective and nine airway symptoms in persons with migraine in the general population. From a randomized and stratified Swedish adult sample, questionnaire data were analyzed from 151 individuals with a diagnosis of migraine and 3,255 without migraine. The results showed (a) significant comorbidity in migraine with all FSSs, psychiatric disorders and inflammatory diseases, (b) significantly elevated scores on stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, and somatization, and (c) relatively high prevalence rates on almost all symptoms. Taken together, the results motivate future study of central sensitization as a mechanism underlying migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Grassini
- a Department of Psychology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Steven Nordin
- a Department of Psychology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nordbø ECA, Aamodt G, Ihlebæk CM. Subjective Health Complaints in Individuals with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Associations with the Severity of the Skin Condition and Illness Perceptions – A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Behav Med 2017; 24:438-446. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-017-9637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
36
|
Nordin S, Aldrin L, Claeson AS, Andersson L. Effects of Negative Affectivity and Odor Valence on Chemosensory and Symptom Perception and Perceived Ability to Focus on a Cognitive Task. Perception 2017; 46:431-446. [DOI: 10.1177/0301006616686990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to gain understanding for the impact of negative affectivity (NA) and odor valance on perceptual aspects during low-level odorous exposure. Fifty-five young adults who were either relatively low or high in NA (anxiety, depression, and somatization) were randomized for exposure to either limonene (pleasant odor) or pyridine (unpleasant odor). In an exposure chamber, they took part in baseline, blank and stable exposure sessions, during which they rated odor intensity, impact on ability to focus on an imagined cognitive task, and intensity of symptoms. The results showed higher ratings of negative impact on ability to focus during exposure to the unpleasant odor compared with the pleasant odor, and an association between NA and symptom intensity, with 18% of the variance in symptom intensity explained by somatization. The association between NA and symptom intensity was found to be driven by the factor sex. These results imply (a) that prior findings of odorous exposure that interfere negatively with work performance may be due to impact of an unpleasant odor on ability to focus on cognitive tasks and (b) that there are associations between NA, sex, and symptoms that may partly be referred to attentiveness to and interpretation of bodily sensations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Aldrin
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | | | - Linus Andersson
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden; Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fryer BA, Cleary G, Wickham SL, Barr BR, Taylor-Robinson DC. Effect of socioeconomic conditions on frequent complaints of pain in children: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. BMJ Paediatr Open 2017; 1:e000093. [PMID: 29637128 PMCID: PMC5862210 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent complaints of pain (FCP) are common in high-income countries, affecting about 25% of children, and may have significant adverse consequences including prolonged school absence and disability. Most FCP are unexplained, and the aetiology is poorly understood. This study aimed to identify risk factors for FCP and explore how risk factors explain variation in pain reporting by childhood socioeconomic conditions (SECs). METHODS Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study, including 8463 singleton children whose parents provided data throughout the study. At 11 years, mothers were asked whether their child frequently complains of pain. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% CIs for FCP were estimated using Poisson regression, according to maternal education. Other risk factors were explored to assess if they attenuated any association between FCP and SECs. RESULTS 32.3% of children frequently complained of pain. Children of mothers with no educational qualifications were more likely to have FCP than children of mothers with higher degrees (RR 2.06, 95% CI 1.64 to 2.59) and there was a clear gradient across the socioeconomic spectrum. Female sex, fruit consumption, childhood mental health and maternal health measures were associated with childhood FCP in univariable and multivariable analyses. Inclusion of these factors within the model attenuated the RR by 17% to 1.70 (95% CI 1.36 to 2.13). CONCLUSION In this representative UK cohort, there was a significant excess of FCP reported in less advantaged children that was partially attenuated when accounting for indicators of parental and childhood mental health. Addressing these factors may partially reduce inequalities in childhood FCP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Adam Fryer
- Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gavin Cleary
- Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Øhre B, Volden M, Falkum E, von Tetzchner S. Mental Disorders in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Adult Outpatients: A Comparison of Linguistic Subgroups. JOURNAL OF DEAF STUDIES AND DEAF EDUCATION 2017; 22:105-117. [PMID: 28028042 DOI: 10.1093/deafed/enw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) individuals who use signed language and those who use spoken language face different challenges and stressors. Accordingly, the profile of their mental problems may also differ. However, studies of mental disorders in this population have seldom differentiated between linguistic groups. Our study compares demographics, mental disorders, and levels of distress and functioning in 40 patients using Norwegian Sign Language (NSL) and 36 patients using spoken language. Assessment instruments were translated into NSL. More signers were deaf than hard of hearing, did not share a common language with their childhood caregivers, and had attended schools for DHH children. More Norwegian-speaking than signing patients reported medical comorbidity, whereas the distribution of mental disorders, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and daily functioning did not differ significantly. Somatic complaints and greater perceived social isolation indicate higher stress levels in DHH patients using spoken language than in those using sign language. Therefore, preventive interventions are necessary, as well as larger epidemiological and clinical studies concerning the mental health of all language groups within the DHH population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beate Øhre
- Oslo University Hospital
- University of Oslo
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tsiakiris G, Neely G, Lind N, Nordin S. Comorbidity in allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis: functional somatic syndromes. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2016; 22:1163-1168. [PMID: 28034321 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1276606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Based on the concept of central sensitisation, the present study tested the hypothesis of comorbidity in allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis with diagnoses of functional somatic syndromes (FSSs), including fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome and migraine. Data were used from the population-based Västerbotten Environmental Health Study (n = 3406). The participants consisted of 164 individuals with allergic asthma and 298 individuals with allergic rhinitis as well as 2876 individuals without allergic or non-allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis. Diagnoses were based on self-reports of having been diagnosed by a physician. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated from binary logistic regression analysis, both crude and adjusted for age and education. The adjusted ORs (1.87-4.00) for all FSSs differed significantly from unity for both allergic asthma and rhinitis. The results provide support for the hypothesis of comorbidity in allergic asthma and rhinitis with FSSs. Since central sensitisation is likely to underlie FSSs, the present findings raises the question as to whether central sensitisation may also be involved in allergic asthma and rhinitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory Neely
- a Department of Psychology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Nina Lind
- a Department of Psychology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.,b Department of Economics , Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Steven Nordin
- a Department of Psychology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sveinsdottir V, Eriksen HR, Ursin H, Hansen ÅM, Harris A. Cortisol, Health, and Coping in Patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2016; 41:9-16. [PMID: 26287577 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-015-9300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Subjective health complaints (SHC), including nonspecific low back pain (LBP) as the most common single complaint, are the main reasons for long-term sick leave in many western countries. These complaints are often attributed to "stress". Cortisol has frequently been considered a biomarker reflecting sustained physiological HPA-axis activity, and is characterized by a high cortisol awakening response (CAR) and low evening values. The aim of the study was to investigate whether LBP patients had a normal characteristic cortisol profile, and whether possible deviations were related to coping and health. 305 patients on long-term sick leave for LBP participated in the study, and saliva cortisol profiles were compared to a reference population consisting of Danish workers. Cortisol was measured upon awakening, after 30 min, and in the evening. Additionally, patients answered questionnaires about SHC, fatigue, pain, coping, and social support. The patients showed a seemingly normal cortisol profile. However, CAR was larger among patients compared to the reference population. Patients with low cortisol reactivity had more SHC, pain, and fatigue, and those with higher evening cortisol reported higher scores on coping. The results are discussed in terms of theory, practical considerations, and possible mechanisms for the association between cortisol, health, and coping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hege R Eriksen
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, POB 7810, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Holger Ursin
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, POB 7810, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Åse M Hansen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Harris
- Uni Research Health, Uni Research, POB 7810, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Momsen AMH, Stapelfeldt CM, Nielsen CV, Nielsen MBD, Aust B, Rugulies R, Jensen C. Effects of a randomized controlled intervention trial on return to work and health care utilization after long-term sickness absence. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1149. [PMID: 27829455 PMCID: PMC5103458 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the RCT study was to investigate if the effect of a multidisciplinary intervention on return to work (RTW) and health care utilization differed by participants’ self-reported health status at baseline, defined by a) level of somatic symptoms, b) health anxiety and c) self-reported general health. Methods A total of 443 individuals were randomized to the intervention (n = 301) or the control group (n = 142) and responded to a questionnaire measuring health status at baseline. Participants were followed in registries measuring RTW and health care utilization. Relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) were used as measures of associations. Results were adjusted for gender, age, educational level, work ability and previous sick leave. Results Among all responders we found no effect of the intervention on RTW. Among participants with low health anxiety, the one-year probability of RTW was lower in the intervention than in the control group (RR = 0.79 95 % CI 0.68-0.93), but for those with high health anxiety there was no difference between the groups (RR = 1.15 95 % CI 0.84-1.57). Neither general health nor somatic symptoms modified the effect of the intervention on RTW. The intervention had no effect on health care utilization. Conclusions The multidisciplinary intervention did not facilitate RTW or decrease health care utilization compared to ordinary case management in subgroups with multiple somatic symptoms, health anxiety or low self-rated health. However, the intervention resulted in a reduced chance of RTW among participants with low health anxiety levels. Trial registration ISRCTN43004323, and ISRCTN51445682
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mette H Momsen
- DEFACTUM - Social & Health Services & Labour Market, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark. .,MarselisborgCentret, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | - Claus Vinther Nielsen
- Section of Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maj Britt D Nielsen
- COWI A/S, Lyngby, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgit Aust
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chris Jensen
- National Centre for Occupational Rehabilitation, Rauland, Norway.,Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Werner EL, Merkus SL, Mæland S, Jourdain M, Schaafsma F, Canevet JP, Weerdesteijn KHN, Rat C, Anema JR. Physicians' assessments of work capacity in patients with severe subjective health complaints: a cross-sectional study on differences between five European countries. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011316. [PMID: 27417198 PMCID: PMC4947783 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A comparison of appraisals made by general practitioners (GPs) in France and occupational physicians (OPs) and insurance physicians (IPs) in the Netherlands with those made by Scandinavian GPs on work capacity in patients with severe subjective health complaints (SHCs). SETTING GPs in France and OPs/IPs in the Netherlands gathered to watch nine authentic video recordings from a Norwegian general practice. PARTICIPANTS 46 GPs in France and 93 OPs/IPs in the Netherlands were invited to a 1-day course on SHC. OUTCOMES Recommendation of sick leave (full or partial) or no sick leave for each of the patients. RESULTS Compared with Norwegian GPs, sick leave was less likely to be granted by Swedish GPs (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.86) and by Dutch OPs/IPs (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.78). The differences between Swedish and Norwegian GPs were maintained in the adjusted analyses (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.79). This was also true for the differences between Dutch and Norwegian physicians (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.86). Overall, compared with the GPs, the Dutch OPs/IPs were less likely to grant sick leave (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87). CONCLUSIONS Swedish GPs and Dutch OPs/IPs were less likely to grant sick leave to patients with severe SHC compared with GPs from Norway, while GPs from Denmark and France were just as likely to grant sick leave as the Norwegian GPs. We suggest that these findings may be due to the guidelines on sick-listing and on patients with severe SHC which exist in Sweden and the Netherlands, respectively. Differences in the working conditions, relationships with patients and training of specialists in occupational medicine may also have affected the results. However, a pattern was observed in which of the patients the physicians in all countries thought should be sick-listed, suggesting that the physicians share tacit knowledge regarding sick leave decision-making in patients with severe SHC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik L Werner
- Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Suzanne L Merkus
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maud Jourdain
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frederieke Schaafsma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center for Insurance Medicine, AMC-UMCG-UWV-VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Paul Canevet
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Kristel H N Weerdesteijn
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center for Insurance Medicine, AMC-UMCG-UWV-VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medical Affairs, UWV, Dutch Social Security Agency, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cédric Rat
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Johannes R Anema
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center for Insurance Medicine, AMC-UMCG-UWV-VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ståhlberg L, Palmquist E, Nordin S. Intolerance to environmental chemicals and sounds in irritable bowel syndrome: Explained by central sensitization? J Health Psychol 2016; 23:1367-1377. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105316656242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypotheses of irritable bowel syndrome showing (1) comorbidity with chemical and sound intolerance, other types of functionally somatic syndromes, and psychiatric disorders and (2) stronger than normal affective reactions to and behavioral disruptions from odorous/pungent chemicals and sounds in daily life. These hypotheses were tested by means of data from a large-scale population-based questionnaire study. The results showed comorbidity in irritable bowel syndrome with chemical and sound intolerance, fibromyalgia, migraine, post-traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic syndrome, and depression as well as strong reactions/disruptions from odorous/pungent chemicals and sounds in irritable bowel syndrome.
Collapse
|
44
|
Shepherd D, Hautus MJ, Lee SY, Mulgrew J. Electrophysiological approaches to noise sensitivity. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2016; 38:900-12. [PMID: 27171616 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2016.1176995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise sensitivity describes an individual's general reactivity to sound. It is a common trait found in many clinical populations and describes approximately 20% of the general population. Little is known about its underlying mechanisms, however. OBJECTIVES Here we present findings from three studies designed to expose differences in electrophysiological measures between noise-sensitive and noise-resistant individuals. METHOD Noise sensitivity was estimated using self-report measures, while electrophysiological indices included both cardiac (heart rate, heart rate variability) and electroencephalographic (event-related potential) measures. All three studies were designed with reference to preexisting theoretical frameworks. RESULTS Significant differences in heart rate change and heart rate variability indices between noise-sensitive and noise-resistant groups were found. Further, the noise-sensitive group exhibited less sensory gating than the noise-resistant group. CONCLUSIONS While the findings from all three studies were not definitive in indicating a likely biological mechanism underlying noise sensitivity, they do suggest that electrophysiological investigation of noise sensitivity is viable and has potential to inform clinical research into a relatively understudied symptom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shepherd
- a School of Public Health , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Michael J Hautus
- b School of Psychology , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Sin Ying Lee
- b School of Psychology , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Joseph Mulgrew
- a School of Public Health , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Work participation and health-related characteristics of sickness absence beneficiaries with multiple somatic symptoms. Public Health 2016; 133:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
46
|
Volinn E, Yang B, Chen N, Ying J, Lin J, Sheng X, Zuo Y. The Constellation of Chronic Low Back Pain and Other Subjective Symptoms: Does the View Differ From China? Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41:705-12. [PMID: 26650875 PMCID: PMC4826330 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This was a pilot, cross-sectional study. Its site was West China Hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. OBJECTIVE An objective was to explore whether, in China, chronic low back pain (cLBP) characteristically is one symptom among co-occurring subjective symptoms. More basic objectives were to test a supplemented list of symptoms and to reconfigure findings from the literature on co-occurrence of symptoms so that they pertain specifically to cLBP. The governing metaphor was a constellation of symptoms in which cLBP is located. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA With the exception of small, isolated societies, previous studies of co-occurrence of symptoms were conducted in the affluent West. Although China's population is larger than the combined populations of affluent countries of the West, research on co-occurring symptoms has been neglected in China. Unknown is whether results from studies conducted in the affluent West may be extended to China. METHODS A survey with the supplemented symptom list was cross-culturally adapted into Chinese and administered to cLBP patients (N = 72) and normal controls (N = 102). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the effects of covariates (age, gender, education) on symptom reporting. RESULTS cLBP patients reported higher median numbers of symptoms than normal controls, including total symptoms (9 vs. 3), musculoskeletal symptoms (4 vs. 1), and nonmusculoskeletal symptoms (6 vs. 2.5); differences between cLBP and normal controls were highly significant (p < 0.001). Covariates had a little effect on symptom reporting. CONCLUSION cLBP characteristically was one symptom in a constellation of symptoms. This finding came from one research site in China. Nevertheless, consistency between studies is notable, with findings from the affluent West supporting the finding from the Chinese site. The tendency to concentrate on a discrete clinical entity, cLBP itself, may obscure the constellation of symptoms. The more expansive view of cLBP has implications for clinical practice and research. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Volinn
- *University of Utah, Departments of Anesthesiology and Sociology, Pain Research Center, Salt Lake City, UT †Pain Management Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PRC ‡Department of Medical Statistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PRC §Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT ¶Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PRC ||Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Parent-Lamarche A, Marchand A. The moderating role of personality traits in the relationship between work and salivary cortisol: a cross-sectional study of 401 employees in 34 Canadian companies. BMC Psychol 2015; 3:45. [PMID: 26666334 PMCID: PMC4678572 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-015-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of personality traits in explaining the relationship between workplace stressors and variations in salivary cortisol concentrations. METHOD Multilevel regression analyses were performed on a sample of 401 employees from 34 Quebec firms. Saliva samples were collected five times a day (on awakening, 30 min after awakening, and at 2 p.m., 4 p.m., and bedtime). Sample collection was repeated on three days (1 rest day, 2 working days). Work-related variables comprised skill utilization, decision authority, psychological demands, physical demands, job insecurity, irregular schedule, number of working hours, and social support from coworkers and supervisors. Personality traits comprised self-esteem, locus of control, and the Big Five. RESULTS Cortisol levels at awakening and 30 min later were significantly higher for work days than for days off. Psychological demands and job insecurity were associated with lower cortisol levels at bedtime. Also, self-esteem moderated the relationship between physical demands and cortisol levels at awakening and 4 p.m. Agreeableness was associated with lower cortisol levels at awakening and at 2 p.m. and further moderated the relationship between number of hours worked and cortisol at 2 p.m. Neuroticism moderated the relationship between coworker support and cortisol at bedtime. CONCLUSION Specific working conditions and certain personality traits are associated with variations in salivary cortisol concentrations. In addition, certain personality traits moderate the relationship between stressors and salivary cortisol concentrations. In conclusion, salivary cortisol concentrations at work seem to be modulated in part by personality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annick Parent-Lamarche
- School of Industrial Relations, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3 J7, Canada.
| | - Alain Marchand
- School of Industrial Relations, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3 J7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vatthauer KE, Craggs JG, Robinson ME, Staud R, Berry RB, Perlstein WM, McCrae CS. Sleep is associated with task-negative brain activity in fibromyalgia participants with comorbid chronic insomnia. J Pain Res 2015; 8:819-27. [PMID: 26648751 PMCID: PMC4648619 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s87501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic pain exhibit altered default mode network (DMN) activity. This preliminary project questioned whether comorbid disease states are associated with further brain alterations. Thirteen women with fibromyalgia (FM) only and 26 women with fibromyalgia with comorbid chronic insomnia (FMI) underwent a single night of ambulatory polysomnography and completed a sleep diary each morning for 14 days prior to performing a neuroimaging protocol. Novel imaging analyses were utilized to identify regions associated with significantly disordered sleep that were more active in task-negative periods than task-oriented periods in participants with FMI, when compared to participants with FM. It was hypothesized that core DMN areas (ie, cingulate cortex, inferior parietal lobule, medial prefrontal cortex, medial temporal cortex, precuneus) would exhibit increased activity during task-negative periods. Analyses revealed that significantly disordered sleep significantly contributed to group differences in the right cingulate gyrus, left lentiform nucleus, left anterior cingulate, left superior gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, right caudate, and the left inferior parietal lobules. Results suggest that FMI may alter some brain areas of the DMN, above and beyond FM. However, future work will need to investigate these results further by controlling for chronic insomnia only before conclusions can be made regarding the effect of FMI comorbidity on the DMN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlyn E Vatthauer
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jason G Craggs
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael E Robinson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roland Staud
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Richard B Berry
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William M Perlstein
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christina S McCrae
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Myrtveit SM, Skogen JC, Sivertsen B, Steingrímsdóttir ÓA, Stubhaug A, Nielsen CS. Pain and pain tolerance in whiplash-associated disorders: A population-based study. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:949-58. [PMID: 26568528 PMCID: PMC5063105 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Pain is a cardinal symptom in individuals with whiplash‐associated disorders (WAD). We aimed to compare pain characteristics between individuals with WAD and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes, and to determine whether potential differences were accounted for by experimental pain tolerance. Methods Data from the 6th Tromsø Study (2007–2008, n = 12,981) were analysed. The number of painful locations was compared between individuals with WAD and individuals reporting chronic pain from other causes using negative binomial regression, pain frequency using multinomial logistic regression and pain intensity using multiple linear regression. Differences in experimental pain tolerance (cold pressor test) were tested using Cox regression; one model compared individuals with WAD to those with chronic pain from other causes, one compared the two groups with chronic pain to individuals without chronic pain. Subsequently, regression models investigating clinical pain characteristics were adjusted for pain tolerance. Results Of individuals with WAD, 96% also reported other causes for pain. Individuals with WAD reported a higher number of painful locations [median (inter‐quartile range): 5 (3.5–7) vs. 3 (2–5), p < 0.001] and higher pain intensity (crude mean difference = 0.78, p < 0.001) than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. Pain tolerance did not differ between these two groups. Compared to individuals without chronic pain, individuals with WAD and individuals with chronic pain from other causes had reduced pain tolerance. Conclusions Individuals with WAD report more additional causes of pain, more painful locations and higher pain intensity than individuals with chronic pain from other causes. The increased pain reporting was not accounted for by pain tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Myrtveit
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.,Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - J C Skogen
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - B Sivertsen
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
| | | | - A Stubhaug
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - C S Nielsen
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent and significantly associated in adolescents: an epidemiological cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1081. [PMID: 26498498 PMCID: PMC4619092 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term musculoskeletal pain and negative stress are health risks with adverse long-term health effects, and these health risks seem to increase among young people. The mechanisms behind this are unclear. There is a need for a better understanding of perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain among adolescents, in order to improve health promotion and treatment approaches in this group. Methods Objectives were to evaluate the current prevalence of perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain in 15 and 16 year olds, to explore stress-pain associations and the probability that perceived stress (PSQ) was related to the reporting of pain and variations in pain, and to investigate possible differences in stress between different types of musculoskeletal pain in the adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Elementary schools participated. The outcomes were stress (Perceived stress questionnaire; PSQ) and musculoskeletal pain (pain/no pain, pain sites, pain duration and pain intensity (Visual analogue scale; VAS). Results Fifty-one point two percent (N = 422) reported pain, of which 70.8 % reported long-term pain. Some more girls (57.9 %) reported pain. 22.0 % of the study population reported moderate to severe stress (PSQ ≥ 0.45), of which 79.6 % were bothered by pain (Pearson Chi-square 38.47, p ≤ .001). All stress and pain variables were significantly associated (p < .01). The strongest association appeared between pain intensity (VAS) and stress (PSQ) (r = 0.40). Perceived stress (PSQ) was associated with the reporting of pain among the adolescents (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.68) and could explain some of the variation in pain intensity (VAS; β = 0.15, p < .001) and number of pain sites (β = 0.14, p < .01), according to the regression analyses. There were no mean differences in stress (PSQ) between different types of musculoskeletal pain. Conclusions There was high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, long-term pain and moderate to severe stress (PSQ ≥ 0.45) in this study sample. Perceived stress (PSQ) was related to the reporting of musculoskeletal pain among the adolescents and could explain some of the variation in pain intensity (VAS) and number of pain sites. There were no differences in stress levels (PSQ) between different types of musculoskeletal pain in the adolescents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2414-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|