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Arrigoni E, Antoniotti P, Bellocchio V, Veronelli L, Corbo M, Pisoni A. Neural alterations underlying executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102207. [PMID: 38281709 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease's (PD) neuropsychological profile is often characterized by altered performance in executive functions (EF) tasks, with a remarkable impact on patients' quality of life. To date, the available neuroimaging literature lacks conclusive evidence about neural patterns underlying EF deficits in PD. Here, we aimed to synthesize the results of PET/fMRI studies examining the differences in brain activation between PD patients and controls during EF tasks, focusing on the three main EF sub-components: cognitive flexibility, working memory, and response inhibition. We conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis to assess the converging alterations in brain activity in PD patients compared to controls. We assessed the association between aberrant patterns of activity and the EF sub-domains. We found a significant association between hypoactivation patterns in PD converging at the level of the right inferior frontal gyrus in response inhibition tasks, whereas hypoactivation in the left inferior frontal gyrus was found in association with the cognitive flexibility domain. Our results confirm the existence of neural alterations in PD patients in relation to specific EF sub-domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Arrigoni
- PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Antoniotti
- PhD program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura IGEA, via Dezza 48, 20144 Milano, Italy
| | - Virginia Bellocchio
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Veronelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura IGEA, via Dezza 48, 20144 Milano, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Centre for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura IGEA, via Dezza 48, 20144 Milano, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Centre for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Pisoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; NeuroMi, Milan Centre for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.
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Kim S, Choi JH, Woo KA, Joo JY, Jeon B, Lee JY. Clinical correlates of pareidolias and color discrimination deficits in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:141-148. [PMID: 38110521 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Visuoperceptual dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is also reported in its prodromal phase, isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). We aimed to investigate color discrimination ability and complex visual illusions known as pareidolias in patients with iRBD and PD compared to healthy controls, and their associating clinical factors. 46 iRBD, 43 PD, and 64 healthy controls performed the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test and noise pareidolia tests. Any relationship between those two visual functions and associations with prodromal motor and non-motor manifestations were evaluated, including MDS-UPDRS part I to III, Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test, sleep questionnaires, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. iRBD and PD patients both performed worse on the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test and had greater number of pareidolias compared to healthy controls. No correlations were found between the extent of impaired color discrimination and pareidolia scores in either group. In iRBD patients, pareidolias were associated with frontal executive dysfunction, while impaired color discrimination was associated with visuospatial dysfunction, hyposmia, and higher MDS-UPDRS-III scores. Pareidolias in PD patients correlated with worse global cognition, whereas color discrimination deficits were associated with frontal executive dysfunction. Color discrimination deficits and pareidolias are frequent but does not correlate with each other from prodromal to clinically established stage of PD. The different pattern of clinical associates with the two visual symptoms suggests that evaluation of both color and pareidolias may aid in revealing the course of neurodegeneration in iRBD and PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Choi
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Woo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Joo
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Young Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wincza R, Hartley C, Readman M, Linkenauger S, Crawford T. Susceptibility to geometrical visual illusions in Parkinson's disorder. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1289160. [PMID: 38259525 PMCID: PMC10800652 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1289160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disorder (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting approximately 1-3% of the population aged 60 years and older. In addition to motor difficulties, PD is also marked by visual disturbances, including depth perception, abnormalities in basal ganglia functioning, and dopamine deficiency. Reduced ability to perceive depth has been linked to an increased risk of falling in this population. The purpose of this paper was to determine whether disturbances in PD patients' visual processing manifest through atypical performance on visual illusion (VI) tasks. This insight will advance understanding of high-level perception in PD, as well as indicate the role of dopamine deficiency and basal ganglia pathophysiology in VIs susceptibility. Groups of 28 PD patients (Mage = 63.46, SD = 7.55) and 28 neurotypical controls (Mage = 63.18, SD = 9.39) matched on age, general cognitive abilities (memory, numeracy, attention, language), and mood responded to Ebbinghaus, Ponzo, and Müller-Lyer illusions in a computer-based task. Our results revealed no reliable differences in VI susceptibility between PD and neurotypical groups. In the early- to mid-stage of PD, abnormalities of the basal ganglia and dopamine deficiency are unlikely to be involved in top-down processing or depth perception, which are both thought to be related to VI susceptibility. Furthermore, depth-related issues experienced by PD patients (e.g., increased risk for falling) may not be subserved by the same cognitive mechanisms as VIs. Further research is needed to investigate if more explicit presentations of illusory depth are affected in PD, which might help to understand the depth processing deficits in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Wincza
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Calum Hartley
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Readman
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Linkenauger
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor Crawford
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Dragicevic DA, Dahl KL, Perkins Z, Abur D, Stepp CE. Effects of a Concurrent Working Memory Task on Speech Acoustics in Parkinson's Disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:418-434. [PMID: 38081054 PMCID: PMC11001185 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-23-00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a concurrent working memory task on acoustic measures of speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHOD Individuals with PD and age- and sex-matched controls performed a speaking task with and without a Stroop-like concurrent working memory task. Cepstral peak prominence, low-to-high spectral energy ratio, fundamental frequency (fo) standard deviation, articulation rate, pause duration, articulatory-acoustic vowel space, relative fo, mean voice onset time (VOT), and VOT variability were calculated for each condition. Mixed-model analyses of variance were performed to determine the effects of group, condition (presence of the concurrent working memory task), and their interaction on the acoustic measures. RESULTS All measures except for VOT variability, mean pause duration, and relative fo offset differed between people with and without PD. Cepstral peak prominence, articulation rate, and relative fo offset differed as a function of condition. However, no measures indicated disparate effects of condition as a function of group. CONCLUSION Although differentially impactful on limb motor function in PD, here a concurrent working memory task was not found to be differentially disruptive to speech acoustics in PD. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24759648.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly L. Dahl
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Zoe Perkins
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
| | - Defne Abur
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
- Center for Language and Cognition Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cara E. Stepp
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, MA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, MA
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Nieto-Escamez F, Obrero-Gaitán E, Cortés-Pérez I. Visual Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1173. [PMID: 37626529 PMCID: PMC10452537 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) include ocular, visuoperceptive, and visuospatial impairments, which can occur as a result of the underlying neurodegenerative process. Ocular impairments can affect various aspects of vision and eye movement. Thus, patients can show dry eyes, blepharospasm, reduced blink rate, saccadic eye movement abnormalities, smooth pursuit deficits, and impaired voluntary and reflexive eye movements. Furthermore, visuoperceptive impairments affect the ability to perceive and recognize visual stimuli accurately, including impaired contrast sensitivity and reduced visual acuity, color discrimination, and object recognition. Visuospatial impairments are also remarkable, including difficulties perceiving and interpreting spatial relationships between objects and difficulties judging distances or navigating through the environment. Moreover, PD patients can present visuospatial attention problems, with difficulties attending to visual stimuli in a spatially organized manner. Moreover, PD patients also show perceptual disturbances affecting their ability to interpret and determine meaning from visual stimuli. And, for instance, visual hallucinations are common in PD patients. Nevertheless, the neurobiological bases of visual-related disorders in PD are complex and not fully understood. This review intends to provide a comprehensive description of visual disturbances in PD, from sensory to perceptual alterations, addressing their neuroanatomical, functional, and neurochemical correlates. Structural changes, particularly in posterior cortical regions, are described, as well as functional alterations, both in cortical and subcortical regions, which are shown in relation to specific neuropsychological results. Similarly, although the involvement of different neurotransmitter systems is controversial, data about neurochemical alterations related to visual impairments are presented, especially dopaminergic, cholinergic, and serotoninergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Nieto-Escamez
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Center for Neuropsychological Assessment and Rehabilitation (CERNEP), 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Esteban Obrero-Gaitán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaen, Spain;
| | - Irene Cortés-Pérez
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaen, Spain;
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Multimodal brain and retinal imaging of dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:203-220. [PMID: 35177849 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive disorder characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the brain. The development of parkinsonism is preceded by a long prodromal phase, and >50% of dopaminergic neurons can be lost from the substantia nigra by the time of the initial diagnosis. Therefore, validation of in vivo imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression is essential for future therapeutic developments. PET and single-photon emission CT targeting the presynaptic terminals of dopaminergic neurons can be used for early diagnosis by detecting axonal degeneration in the striatum. However, these techniques poorly differentiate atypical parkinsonian syndromes from PD, and their availability is limited in clinical settings. Advanced MRI in which pathological changes in the substantia nigra are visualized with diffusion, iron-sensitive susceptibility and neuromelanin-sensitive sequences potentially represents a more accessible imaging tool. Although these techniques can visualize the classic degenerative changes in PD, they might be insufficient for phenotyping or prognostication of heterogeneous aspects of PD resulting from extranigral pathologies. The retina is an emerging imaging target owing to its pathological involvement early in PD, which correlates with brain pathology. Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technique to visualize structural changes in the retina. Progressive parafoveal thinning and fovea avascular zone remodelling, as revealed by OCT, provide potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostication in PD. As we discuss in this Review, multimodal imaging of the substantia nigra and retina is a promising tool to aid diagnosis and management of PD.
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Suciu VI, Suciu CI, Nicoară SD, Perju-Dumbravă L. Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer OCT Imaging in a Parkinson’s Disease Cohort—A Multidisciplinary Approach in a Clinical Research Hospital. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010080. [PMID: 35055395 PMCID: PMC8780025 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this paper is to report the data of the first study in a Clinical Research Hospital, in the Transylvania region, focusing on the Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) measurements in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and to compare the results with age-matched healthy controls. (2) Methods: This study assessed the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) SD-OCT measurements (Heidelberg Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) of two study groups: patients suffering from PD (Hoehn−Yahr stages 1–3) and healthy controls. Secondary objectives were to investigate the reported visual symptoms by evaluating the color vision, contrast sensitivity, and the central visual defects for macular disease using standardized charts. Subjects with prior history of ophthalmologic diseases, advanced stages of PD (Hoehn−Yahr stages 4–5), or with psychiatric conditions were not included in this study. The same team of neurologists and ophthalmologists evaluated all individuals in order to have comparable data and to eliminate inter-examiner differences. All subjects were recruited from the same Clinical Research Hospital in the Transylvania region, Romania. (3) Results: 72% of the PD patients (n = 17) in this study reported visual symptoms. In respect to the ophthalmologic chart evaluation for PD patients, the most frequent disturbances were identified in the Ishihara color perception testing (33%). The regression analysis showed significant results for the Ishihara testing in relation to the cpRNFL thinning in the temporal retinal sectors for both eyes. cpRNFL thinning was predominantly contralateral to the parkinsonism (p = 0.001). The temporal and global values of the cpRNFL were significantly lower in all PD patients < 70 years old, compared to the age-matched healthy controls. (4) Conclusions: Specific patterns of cpRNFL thinning were found in the PD subjects younger than 70 years. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for a complete evaluation of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad-Ioan Suciu
- Department of Neuroscience, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Corina-Iuliana Suciu
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-I.S.); (S.-D.N.)
| | - Simona-Delia Nicoară
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-I.S.); (S.-D.N.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Perju-Dumbravă
- Department of Neuroscience, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Diederich NJ. [Causes of visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease]. DER NERVENARZT 2022; 93:392-401. [PMID: 34342675 PMCID: PMC9010390 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-021-01165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual hallucinations (VH) have mainly been considered as late symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, minor forms of VH also occur in early stages of the disease. Initially dopaminergic overstimulation was discussed as the cause and later on VH have been considered as an early red flag of dementia in PD. OBJECTIVE The present study analyzed whether the pathophysiological concept of VH has been enlarged in recent years. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical, pharmacological, neuropathological as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging studies dealing with VH were reviewed. A systematic classification in monomodal and multimodal models of VH is proposed. The applicability to various forms of VH and various triggering situations is critically examined. RESULTS Reduction of the visual information input, erroneous visual processing, attention deficits, and dysfunctional connectivity between various cerebral networks have been shown. There is partial overlapping with the Lhermitte syndrome and the Charles Bonnet syndrome. No model is able to fully explain all VH variants. Not all VH have the same pathogenesis and the same poor prognosis. CONCLUSION The chain of causes underlying VH is complex and can vary from patient to patient. So far the therapeutic applications are largely unexplored; however, there is preliminary evidence that beside adjustment of the medication, improvement of visual acuity, active involvement of the partner, and possibly, individually adaptable coping strategies could be successfully implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico J. Diederich
- Abteilung für Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4, rue Barblé, 1210 Luxemburg-Stadt, Luxemburg
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Wilson D, Hallett M, Anderson T. An Eye on Movement Disorders. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 8:1168-1180. [PMID: 34765682 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eye disorders spanning a range of ocular tissue are common in patients with movement disorders. Highlighting these ocular manifestations will benefit patients and may even aid in diagnosis. In this educational review we outline the anatomy and function of the ocular tissues with a focus on the tissues most affected in movement disorders. We review the movement disorders associated with ocular pathology and where possible explore the underlying cellular basis thought to be driving the pathology and provide a brief overview of ophthalmic investigations available to the neurologist. This review does not cover intracranial primary visual pathways, higher visual function, or the ocular motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Wilson
- Department of Neurology Christchurch Hospital Christchurch New Zealand.,New Zealand Brain Research Institute Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, NINDS, NIH Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Tim Anderson
- Department of Neurology Christchurch Hospital Christchurch New Zealand.,New Zealand Brain Research Institute Christchurch New Zealand.,Department of Medicine Otago University Dunedin New Zealand
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10
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Alenikova OA. [Visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:106-113. [PMID: 34283539 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2021121061106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Visual hallucinations have a negative effect on the course of Parkinson's disease (PD), being a source of stress for the patients themselves and caregivers. The article discusses the basic theories and pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of visual hallucinations in PD consisting of the following components: impairment of the visual information received from the retina with subsequent disruption of its processing in the central parts of the visual system; lack of suppression of internally generated images through the ponto-geniculo-occipital system; the invasion of REM sleep patterns in wakefulness; decreased ability of the brain stem structures to implement appropriate information filtering as well as excessive drug-induced activation of the mesolimbic system. Particular attention is paid to visual impairment and changes in the transmission of information along the retino-hypothalamic tract. In this connection, dysfunction in the «retina - hypothalamus» system can also be considered as one of the factors that determines the time and rhythm of occurrence or exacerbation of visual hallucinations in PD. Attracting attention to this aspect opens new therapeutic possibilities where the circadian system can be positioned as a target of additional exposure in the treatment of visual hallucinations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Alenikova
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
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11
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Rogers S, Keogh R, Pearson J. Hallucinations on demand: the utility of experimentally induced phenomena in hallucination research. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200233. [PMID: 33308076 PMCID: PMC7741072 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the desire to delve deeper into hallucinations of all types, methodological obstacles have frustrated development of more rigorous quantitative experimental techniques, thereby hampering research progress. Here, we discuss these obstacles and, with reference to visual phenomena, argue that experimentally induced phenomena (e.g. hallucinations induced by flickering light and classical conditioning) can bring hallucinations within reach of more objective behavioural and neural measurement. Expanding the scope of hallucination research raises questions about which phenomena qualify as hallucinations, and how to identify phenomena suitable for use as laboratory models of hallucination. Due to the ambiguity inherent in current hallucination definitions, we suggest that the utility of phenomena for use as laboratory hallucination models should be represented on a continuous spectrum, where suitability varies with the degree to which external sensory information constrains conscious experience. We suggest that existing strategies that group pathological hallucinations into meaningful subtypes based on hallucination characteristics (including phenomenology, disorder and neural activity) can guide extrapolation from hallucination models to other hallucinatory phenomena. Using a spectrum of phenomena to guide scientific hallucination research should help unite the historically separate fields of psychophysics, cognitive neuroscience and clinical research to better understand and treat hallucinations, and inform models of consciousness. This article is part of the theme issue 'Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joel Pearson
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Murphy N, Killen A, Gupta RK, Graziadio S, Rochester L, Firbank M, Baker MR, Allan C, Collerton D, Taylor JP, Urwyler P. Exploring Bottom-Up Visual Processing and Visual Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease With Dementia. Front Neurol 2021; 11:579113. [PMID: 33584490 PMCID: PMC7876258 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.579113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual hallucinations (VH) are a common symptom of Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), affecting up to 65% of cases. Integrative models of their etiology posit that a decline in executive control of the visuo-perceptual system is a primary mechanism of VH generation. The role of bottom-up processing in the manifestation of VH in this condition is still not clear although visual evoked potential (VEP) differences have been associated with VH at an earlier stage of PD. Here we compared the amplitude and latency pattern reversal VEPs in healthy controls (n = 21) and PDD patients (n = 34) with a range of VH severities. PDD patients showed increased N2 latency relative to controls, but no significant differences in VEP measures were found for patients reporting complex VH (CVH) (n = 17) compared to those without VH. Our VEP findings support previous reports of declining visual system physiology in PDD and some evidence of visual system differences between patients with and without VH. However, we did not replicate previous findings of a major relationship s between the integrity of the visual pathway and VH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Murphy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alison Killen
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rajnish Kumar Gupta
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Graziadio
- National Institute for Health Research Newcastle In Vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Rochester
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Firbank
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Baker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Allan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Collerton
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Prabitha Urwyler
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Indrieri A, Pizzarelli R, Franco B, De Leonibus E. Dopamine, Alpha-Synuclein, and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Parkinsonian Eyes. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:567129. [PMID: 33192254 PMCID: PMC7604532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.567129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor dysfunctions including bradykinesia, tremor at rest and motor instability. These symptoms are associated with the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons originating in the substantia nigra pars compacta and projecting to the corpus striatum, and by accumulation of cytoplasmic inclusions mainly consisting of aggregated alpha-synuclein, called Lewy bodies. PD is a complex, multifactorial disorder and its pathogenesis involves multiple pathways and mechanisms such as α-synuclein proteostasis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, axonal transport, and neuroinflammation. Motor symptoms manifest when there is already an extensive dopamine denervation. There is therefore an urgent need for early biomarkers to apply disease-modifying therapeutic strategies. Visual defects and retinal abnormalities, including decreased visual acuity, abnormal spatial contrast sensitivity, color vision defects, or deficits in more complex visual tasks are present in the majority of PD patients. They are being considered for early diagnosis together with retinal imaging techniques are being considered as non-invasive biomarkers for PD. Dopaminergic cells can be found in the retina in a subpopulation of amacrine cells; however, the molecular mechanisms leading to visual deficits observed in PD patients are still largely unknown. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the retinal abnormalities observed in PD patients and animal models and of the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in parkinsonian eyes. We will review the role of α-synuclein aggregates in the retina pathology and/or in the onset of visual symptoms in PD suggesting that α-synuclein aggregates are harmful for the retina as well as for the brain. Moreover, we will summarize experimental evidence suggesting that the optic nerve pathology observed in PD resembles that seen in mitochondrial optic neuropathies highlighting the possible involvement of mitochondrial abnormalities in the development of PD visual defects. We finally propose that the eye may be considered as a complementary experimental model to identify possible novel disease’ pathways or to test novel therapeutic approaches for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocco Pizzarelli
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
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14
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Choi JH, Kim JM, Yang HK, Lee HJ, Shin CM, Jeong SJ, Kim WS, Han JW, Yoon IY, Song YS, Bae YJ. Clinical Perspectives of Parkinson's Disease for Ophthalmologists, Otorhinolaryngologists, Cardiologists, Dentists, Gastroenterologists, Urologists, Physiatrists, and Psychiatrists. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e230. [PMID: 32686370 PMCID: PMC7371452 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multisystemic disorder characterized by various non-motor symptoms (NMS) in addition to motor dysfunction. NMS include sleep, ocular, olfactory, throat, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or musculoskeletal disorders. A range of NMS, particularly hyposmia, sleep disturbances, constipation, and depression, can even appear prior to the motor symptoms of PD. Because NMS can affect multiple organs and result in major disabilities, the recognition and multidisciplinary and collaborative management of NMS by physicians is essential for patients with PD. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the organs that are affected by NMS in PD together with a brief review of pathophysiology and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Choi
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Hee Kyung Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Won Seok Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - In Young Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yoo Sung Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yun Jung Bae
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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15
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Alcock L, Galna B, Hausdorff JM, Lord S, Rochester L. Enhanced Obstacle Contrast to Promote Visual Scanning in Fallers with Parkinson's Disease: Role of Executive Function. Neuroscience 2020; 436:82-92. [PMID: 32222557 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability to perceive differences in environmental contrast is critical for navigating complex environments safely. People with Parkinson's disease (PD) report a multitude of visual and cognitive deficits which may impede safe obstacle negotiation and increase fall risk. Enhancing obstacle contrast may influence the content of visual information acquired within complex environments and thus target environmental fall risk factors. 17 PD with a history of falls and 18 controls walked over an obstacle covered in a high and low contrast material in separate trials whilst eye movements were recorded. Measures of visual function and cognition were obtained. Gaze location was extracted during the approach phase. PD spent longer looking at the obstacle compared to controls regardless of contrast (p < .05), however group differences were largest for the low contrast obstacle. When accounting for group differences in approach time, PD spent longer looking at the low contrast obstacle and less time looking at the ground beyond the low contrast obstacle compared to controls (p < .05). The response to obstacle contrast in PD (high-low) was significantly associated with executive function. Better executive function was associated with spending longer looking at the low contrast obstacle and at the ground beyond the high contrast obstacle. Enhancing the contrast of ground-based trip hazards may improve visual processing of environmental cues in PD, particularly for individuals with better executive function. Manipulating contrast to attract visual attention is already in use in the public domain, however its utility for reducing fall risk in PD is yet to be formally tested in habitual settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Alcock
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Brook Galna
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey M Hausdorff
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sue Lord
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - Lynn Rochester
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; The Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Feitosa-Santana C, Fernandes Costa M, Ballalai Ferraz H, Andrade LAF, Moura AL, Amaro E, Hamer RD, Fix Ventura D. Visual losses in early-onset and late-onset Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2020; 37:A285-A293. [PMID: 32400706 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.382042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) manifest visual losses. However, it is not known whether these losses are equivalent in both early-onset (EOPD) and late-onset (LOPD) patients. We evaluated contrast sensitivity and color vision in EOPD and LOPD patients and in age-matched controls. Losses occurred in both patient groups but were more pronounced in EOPD, consistent with the notion that non-motor symptoms are affected by age of symptom onset. More studies of visual function in EOPD and LOPD patients are needed to understand how aging is related to the pathophysiology of non-motor PD symptomatology. This would permit earlier diagnosis and, perhaps, better management of the disease.
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Borm CDJM, Smilowska K, de Vries NM, Bloem BR, Theelen T. How I do it: The Neuro-Ophthalmological Assessment in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 9:427-435. [PMID: 30958314 PMCID: PMC6597980 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-181523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Visual disorders like double vision, dry eyes, and visual field deficits are common but frequently missed in Parkinson’s disease. Here, we aim to increase awareness for these visual disorders in Parkinson patients by discussing several common problems that can be easily diagnosed using comprehensive history taking and a basic neuro-ophthalmological examination. We offer practical guidance for the patient interview and physical exam that can facilitate a timelier recognition of visual disorders. Such recognition has immediate therapeutic relevance, because Parkinson patients are strongly dependent on an adequate vision, for example to optimally benefit from visual cueing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn D J M Borm
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Smilowska
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke M de Vries
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Theelen
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Ophthalmology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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An investigation of retinal layer thicknesses in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2020; 218:255-261. [PMID: 31948898 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A large number of studies using different neuroimaging methods showed various structural changes both in patients and their unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) over the past years. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new, non-invasive imaging method used to obtain high-resolution cross-sectional images of the retina. A growing body of evidence reports thinning of retinal layers in patients with schizophrenia which is considered as a proxy for CNS alterations. We hypothesized that retinal layer changes would be observed in FDRs, in parallel with those seen in patients, as a potential endophenotype candidate. METHODS Thirty-eight schizophrenia patients, 38 FDRs of schizophrenia and 38 age and gender-matched healthy subjects with no family history (HCs) were recruited to this study. OCT measurements were performed and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and macular thicknesses were measured. RESULTS The groups did not differ on RNFL, macular or GCL thickness. However, IPL thickness was significantly lower in both patients and FDRs than HCs (p = .025 and p = .041, respectively). The difference between groups remained significant after controlling for confounders such as age, gender, smoking status, comorbid medical diseases and BMI (p = .016 patients vs HCs and p = .014 FDRs vs HCs). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that IPL thinning may hold promise as a useful endophenotype for genetic and early detection studies. The evaluation of this area could provide an important avenue for elucidating some of the neurodevelopmental aberrations in the disorder.
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Whitfield WH, Barr GQ, Khayata MJ, Vogt PH, Keasler EM, Sanchez JM, Song Z, Dieujuste M, Cardon B, Riggs R, Pique KN, Merin E, Huang DY, Maitland CG. Contrast sensitivity visual acuity in REM sleep behavior disorder: a comparison with and without Parkinson disease. J Clin Sleep Med 2020; 16:385-388. [PMID: 31992401 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by dream enactment behavior and is a premotoric sign associated with parkinsonism and dementia. We previously found contrast sensitivity visual acuity (CSVA) deficiencies in earliest stages of Parkinson disease (PD), plausibly associated with alpha-synuclein deposits in the inner retinal layers. We speculated that individuals with REM sleep behavior without clinical signs of parkinsonism might also show similar deficiencies. METHODS Twenty-three patients with RBD and 28 healthy control patients. Eleven with PD and 12 with idiopathic RBD (iRBD). Twelve patients with RBD were re-evaluated after 1 year. Evaluations consisted of CSVA SLOAN low contrast acuity charts, optical coherence topography, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and general neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations. Data analyzed between groups using a one-way analysis of variance, and a paired samples t test for returning patients. RESULTS Participants were classified into three groups: controls (n = 28), iRBD (n = 12), and RBD+PD (n = 11). Analysis of variance revealed CSVA scores were statistically significantly different between the three groups F2, 50 = 7.037, P = .002. Longitudinal analysis of RBD group showed CSVA decreased significantly at 1 year (P = .0141). To date, PD has developed in three individuals with iRBD based on progression of their UPDRS scores. CONCLUSIONS CSVA is reduced in individuals with RBD and declines over time. It is plausible that patients with iRBD may show early loss in dopaminergic lateral inhibition in the retina, evidenced by their progressive loss of CSVA. This may represent a global loss of dopaminergic neurons similar to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garrett Q Barr
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | | | - Peggy H Vogt
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Eric M Keasler
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | | | - Ziyan Song
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Marvin Dieujuste
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Brandon Cardon
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Ryan Riggs
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Karina N Pique
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Elliot Merin
- St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David Y Huang
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
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20
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Borm CDJM, Visser F, Werkmann M, de Graaf D, Putz D, Seppi K, Poewe W, Vlaar AMM, Hoyng C, Bloem BR, Theelen T, de Vries NM. Seeing ophthalmologic problems in Parkinson disease: Results of a visual impairment questionnaire. Neurology 2020; 94:e1539-e1547. [PMID: 32161030 PMCID: PMC7251522 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence and clinical effect of ophthalmologic symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), compared with controls, using a standardized questionnaire. Methods In this observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study, 848 patients with PD and 250 healthy controls completed the Visual Impairment in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (VIPD-Q). The VIPD-Q addressed 4 domains according to structures: (1) ocular surface; (2) intraocular; (3) oculomotor; and (4) optic nerve. The questionnaire also assessed the effect of ophthalmologic symptoms on daily activities. Results One or more ophthalmologic symptoms were reported by 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80–85) of patients, compared with 48% (95% CI, 42–54) of controls (p < 0.001). Patients with PD experienced more ophthalmologic symptoms across all domains than controls (p < 0.001), as reflected by a higher VIPD-Q total score among patients (median 10 [interquartile range (IQR) 13]) than controls (median 2 [IQR 5]; p < 0.001). Ophthalmologic symptoms interfered with daily activities in 68% (95% CI, 65–71) of patients, compared with 35% (95% CI, 29–41) of controls (p < 0.001). Conclusion Patients with PD have a higher prevalence of ophthalmologic symptoms than controls. Moreover, these frequently interfere with daily activities. A screening questionnaire such as the VIPD-Q may help with identifying ophthalmologic symptoms in PD, thereby enabling more timely treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn D J M Borm
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Femke Visser
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Werkmann
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Debbie de Graaf
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Diana Putz
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annemarie M M Vlaar
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carel Hoyng
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Theelen
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nienke M de Vries
- From Parkinson Centre Nijmegen (ParC), Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (C.D.J.M.B., D.d.G., B.R.B., N.M.d.V.), and Department of Ophthalmology (C.H., T.T.), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen; Department of Neurology (F.V., A.M.M.V.), Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Departments of Neurology (M.W., K.S., W.P.) and Ophthalmology (D.P.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
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Meoni S, Cury RG, Moro E. New players in basal ganglia dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 252:307-327. [PMID: 32247369 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The classical model of the basal ganglia (BG) circuit has been recently revised with the identification of other structures that play an increasing relevant role especially in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Numerous studies have supported the spreading of the alpha-synuclein pathology to several areas beyond the BG and likely even before their involvement. With the aim of better understanding PD pathophysiology and finding new targets for treatment, the spinal cord, the pedunculopontine nucleus, the substantia nigra pars reticulata, the retina, the superior colliculus, the cerebellum, the nucleus parabrachialis and the Meynert's nucleus have been investigated both in animal and human studies. In this chapter, we describe the main anatomical and functional connections between the above structures and the BG, the relationship between their pathology and PD features, and the rational of applying neuromodulation treatment to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Some of these new players in the BG circuits might also have a potential intriguing role as early biomarkers of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meoni
- Movement Disorders Unit, Division of Neurology, CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1216, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Rubens Gisbert Cury
- Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elena Moro
- Movement Disorders Unit, Division of Neurology, CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1216, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble, France.
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Hong SB, Ahn J, Yoo D, Shin JY, Jeon B, Lee JY. Contrast sensitivity impairment in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease patients associates with early cognitive decline. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:1837-1842. [PMID: 32062736 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the contrast sensitivity function in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and its predictive value with longitudinal follow-up data. METHODS We included newly diagnosed non-demented PD patients who performed contrast sensitivity test between 2013 and 2014. Contrast sensitivity function at drug-naïve state in PD patients was compared with age-matched normal control data of our center. Correlation between contrast sensitivity function and parkinsonian motor and non-motor features including the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) score at the time of diagnosis were analyzed by linear regression. With longitudinal follow-up data after initiating anti-parkinsonian therapy, the risk conferred on subsequent visual hallucinations and cognitive impairment requiring anti-dementia drugs was analyzed by dichotomizing PD group based on the initial contrast sensitivity function. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were finally included, and mean follow-up periods were 43 months. Contrast sensitivity function in drug-naïve PD patients was significantly worse than controls. Contrast sensitivity function correlated with sleep disturbance (p = 0.001) and global cognitive status reflected by the MMSE score (p = 0.020). It also associated with further decline in the MMSE during the follow-ups (p = 0.029). Patients with below average contrast sensitivity function at the time of diagnosis showed higher risk of cognitive decline requiring anti-dementia drugs (adjusted odds ratio = 4.68, p = 0.04) and of visual hallucinations (adjusted odds ratio = 12.54, p = 0.04) than those above average function during the follow-up. CONCLUSION Contrast sensitivity impairment in drug-naïve PD patients associates with clinical demand for therapeutic intervention of cognitive decline as well as development of visual hallucinations in the early course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Bin Hong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Shindaebang-dong, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital & Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Shindaebang-dong, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Dalla Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Shindaebang-dong, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital & Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Shindaebang-dong, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital & Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee-Young Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Shindaebang-dong, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.
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23
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Salazar RD, Moon KLM, Neargarder S, Cronin-Golomb A. Spatial judgment in Parkinson's disease: Contributions of attentional and executive dysfunction. Behav Neurosci 2020; 133:350-360. [PMID: 31294590 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spatial judgment is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD), with previous research suggesting that disruptions in attention and executive function are likely contributors. If judgment of center places demands on frontal systems, performance on tests of attention/executive function may correlate with extent of bias in PD, and attentional disturbance may predict inconsistency in spatial judgment. The relation of spatial judgment to attention/executive function may differ for those with left-side versus right-side motor onset (LPD, RPD), reflecting effects of attentional lateralization. We assessed 42 RPD, 37 LPD, and 67 healthy control participants with a Landmark task (LM) in which a cursor moved horizontally from the right (right-LM) or left (left-LM). The task was to judge the center of the line. Participants also performed neuropsychological tests of attention and executive function. LM group differences were found on left-LM only, with both PD subgroups biased leftward of the control group (RPD p < .05; LPD p < .01; no RPD-LPD difference). For left-LM trials, extent of bias significantly correlated with performance on the cognitive tasks for PD but not for the control group. PD showed greater variability in perceived center than the control group; this variability correlated with performance on the cognitive tasks. The correlations between performance on the test of spatial judgment and the tests of attention/executive function suggest that frontal-based attentional dysfunction affects dynamic spatial judgment, both in extent of spatial bias and in consistency of response as indexed by intertrial variability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Salazar
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University
| | - Kathryn L M Moon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University
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24
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Unger RH, Flanigan PM, Khosravi M, Leverenz JB, Tousi B. Clinical and Imaging Characteristics Associated with Color Vision Impairment in Lewy Body Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 72:1233-1240. [PMID: 31683482 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Color vision impairment (CVI) has been reported in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and prodromal Lewy body disease (pro-LBD). OBJECTIVE In order to better characterize the diagnostic value of CVI testing, we compared the prevalence of CVI in patients with with Lewy body disease compared to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and we examined clinical and imaging characteristics associated with CVI in patients with DLB and suspected pro-LBD. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records, dopamine transporter (DaT-SPECT) imaging, and volumetric MRI from patients with AD, DLB, and suspected pro-LBD who underwent an online Farnsworth D-15 color vision test. RESULTS 111 patients (62 DLB, 25 pro-LBD, and 24 AD) were included with a median age of 75 years. Newly diagnosed CVI was present in 67% of patients with DLB, 44% of patients with pro-LBD, and 18% of patients with AD. In patients with DLB, CVI was associated with lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and lower sub-scores in visuospatial/executive function, naming, and language. In a multivariable logistic regression model, a diagnosis of DLB or pro-LBD compared to AD, and a lower composite MoCA score in visuospatial/executive function, naming, and language were associated with CVI controlling for age and gender. Among 17 DLB patients who underwent volumetric MRI, patients with CVI (n = 9) demonstrated lower normative volumetric percentiles in the right transverse superior temporal lobe. CONCLUSION We provide further evidence that CVI can help differentiate DLB from AD, and we suggest that CVI may be an indicator of cognitive decline and disease progression in DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Unger
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Patrick M Flanigan
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mitra Khosravi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James B Leverenz
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Babak Tousi
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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25
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Miloserdov K, Schmidt-Samoa C, Williams K, Weinrich CA, Kagan I, Bürk K, Trenkwalder C, Bähr M, Wilke M. Aberrant functional connectivity of resting state networks related to misperceptions and intra-individual variability in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102076. [PMID: 31794926 PMCID: PMC6906716 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently suffer from visual misperceptions and hallucinations, which are difficult to objectify and quantify. We aimed to develop an image recognition task to objectify misperceptions and to assess performance fluctuations in PD patients with and without self-reported hallucinations. Thirty-two non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (16 with and 16 without self-reported visual hallucinations) and 25 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were tested. Participants performed a dynamic image recognition task with real and scrambled images. We assessed misperception scores and intra-individual variability in recognition times. To gain insight into possible neural mechanisms related to misperceptions and performance fluctuations we correlated resting state network connectivity to the behavioral outcomes in a subsample of Parkinson's disease patients (N = 16). We found that PD patients with self-reported hallucinations (PD-VH) exhibited higher perceptual error rates, due to decreased perceptual sensitivity and not due to changed decision criteria. In addition, PD-VH patients exhibited higher intra-individual variability in recognition times than HC or PD-nonVH patients. Both, misperceptions and intra-individual variability were negatively correlated with resting state functional connectivity involving frontal and parietal brain regions, albeit in partly different subregions. Consistent with previous research suggesting that hallucinations arise from dysfunction in attentional networks, misperception scores correlated with reduced functional connectivity between the dorsal attention and salience network. Intra-individual variability correlated with decreased connectivity between somatomotor and right fronto-parietal networks. We conclude that our task can detect visual misperceptions that are more prevalent in PD-VH patients. In addition, fluctuating visual performance appear to be a signature of PD-VH patients, which might assist further studies of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Miloserdov
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Samoa
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Kathleen Williams
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Christiane Anne Weinrich
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Katrin Bürk
- Kliniken Schmieder Stuttgart-Gerlingen, Solitudestraße 20, Gerlingen 70839, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik, Klinikstraße 16, Kassel 34128, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany.
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26
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Gupta HV, Zhang N, Driver-Dunckley E, Mehta SH, Beach TG, Adler CH. Contrast Acuity With Different Colors in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 6:672-677. [PMID: 31745477 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal color vision and contrast acuity may have significant impact on daily activities. Objective Evaluate color visual acuity, at high and low contrast, in Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls using an iPad application. Methods Color visual acuity was tested with the Variable Contrast Acuity Chart (King-Devick Test LLC, Oakbrook Terrace, IL) on an iPad 2 at 40 cms using five colors (red, green, blue, yellow, and black) at low (2.5%) and high (100%) contrast. A numerical score (0-95) was assigned based on the number of correctly identified letters. Results Thirty-six PD (mean ± standard deviation age 68 ± 10 years) and 36 controls (72 ± 11.2 years) were studied. PD disease duration was 6.4 ± 4.6 years; MDS-UPDRS part II was 11.7 ± 7.0, and part III was 24.5 ± 9.9. After adjusting for age and sex, PD patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower scores at high (100%) as well as low (2.5%) contrast for all five colors tested (red, green, blue, yellow, and black), except yellow low contrast (2.5%; P = 0.10). The largest effect size (0.88) was with yellow high contrast, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy using a cut-off score of 82 was 31%, 97%, 92%, 58%, and 64%, respectively. No correlation to disease duration was found. Conclusions This iPad application may be a simple-to-use biomarker for assessing color vision in PD. Further research is needed to determine disease specificity and whether there is a role in monitoring disease progression, treatment response, and identifying prodromal PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh V Gupta
- Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Scottsdale Arizona USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics Mayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona USA
| | | | - Shyamal H Mehta
- Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Scottsdale Arizona USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute Sun City Arizona USA
| | - Charles H Adler
- Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Scottsdale Arizona USA
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27
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Dujardin K, Roman D, Baille G, Pins D, Lefebvre S, Delmaire C, Defebvre L, Jardri R. What can we learn from fMRI capture of visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease? Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 14:329-335. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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28
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Attentional blink and putative noninvasive dopamine markers: Two experiments to consolidate possible associations. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 19:1444-1457. [PMID: 31396846 PMCID: PMC6861702 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive behavioral control involves a balance between top-down persistence and flexible updating of goals under changing demands. According to the metacontrol state model (MSM), this balance emerges from the interaction between the frontal and the striatal dopaminergic system. The attentional blink (AB) task has been argued to tap into the interaction between persistence and flexibility, as it reflects overpersistence—the too-exclusive allocation of attentional resources to the processing of the first of two consecutive targets. Notably, previous studies are inconclusive about the association between the AB and noninvasive proxies of dopamine including the spontaneous eye blink rate (sEBR), which allegedly assesses striatal dopamine levels. We aimed to substantiate and extend previous attempts to predict individual sizes of the AB in two separate experiments with larger sample sizes (N = 71 & N = 65) by means of noninvasive behavioral and physiological proxies of dopamine (DA), such as sEBR and mood measures, which are likely to reflect striatal dopamine levels, and color discrimination, which has been argued to tap into the frontal dopamine levels. Our findings did not confirm the prediction that AB size covaries with sEBR, mood, or color discrimination. The implications of this inconsistency with previous observations are discussed.
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29
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Optical coherence tomography and cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson disease. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-019-0097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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30
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Borm CDJM, Werkmann M, Visser F, Peball M, Putz D, Seppi K, Poewe W, Notting IC, Vlaar A, Theelen T, Hoyng C, Bloem BR, de Vries NM. Towards seeing the visual impairments in Parkinson's disease: protocol for a multicentre observational, cross-sectional study. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:141. [PMID: 31238904 PMCID: PMC6591947 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Visual disorders are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but their exact frequency and severity are unknown. Good visual functioning is crucial for patients with PD, because of their need to compensate for loss of automated motor control and their postural instability, forcing patients to guide their movements visually. Here, we describe the study design of a cross-sectional, multi-centre study aiming to: (1) validate the Visual Impairment screening questionnaire (VIPD-Q, which aims to identify PD patients who should be referred to an ophthalmologist for further assessment); (2) study the prevalence of visual disorders in PD; (3) study the severity and clinical impact of different types of visual disorders in PD; and (4) explore treatment options for ophthalmologic disorders in PD, as a basis for future guideline development. Methods This study consists of two phases. In phase one, 750 PD patients and 250 healthy controls will be recruited to complete the VIPD-Q. In phase two, a subgroup of responders (n = 100) (with the highest and lowest scores on the VIPD-Q) will be invited for an extensive neurological and ophthalmological assessment. The in-depth ophthalmologic examination will serve as the “gold standard” for validating the VIPD-Q. Moreover, these assessments will be used to study associations between visual disorders and clinical presentation, in order to gain more insight in their clinical impact. Discussion Our study will heighten the awareness of visual problems in PD and offers a robust starting point to systematically approach this subject. In current daily practice, the association between visual problems and PD is far from obvious to both patients and clinicians. Consequently, patients may not adequately report visual problems themselves, while clinicians miss potentially treatable visual disorders. Routinely asking patients to complete a simple screening questionnaire could be an easy solution leading to timely identification of visual problems, tailored treatment, restored mobility, greater independence and improved quality of life. Trial registration Dutch Trial Registration, NL7421, Registered on 4 December 2018 – Retrospectively registered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12883-019-1365-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn D J M Borm
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, Donders institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mario Werkmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Femke Visser
- Department of Neurology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Peball
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Diana Putz
- Department of ophthalmology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Irene C Notting
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Vlaar
- Department of Neurology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Theelen
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel Hoyng
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, Donders institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke M de Vries
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson Center Nijmegen (ParC) Nijmegen, Donders institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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31
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yu Y. Neuroanatomical substrates underlying contrast sensitivity. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:503-509. [PMID: 31032196 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast sensitivity (CS), a measurement of the ability to discriminate an object from its background, is an essential domain of visual functions. Eye aging or diseases are usually responsible for CS decline or impairment. However, whether neuroanatomical substrates are underlying CS is mostly unknown. METHODS High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging data of 100 healthy young subjects from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset were used to calculate gray matter volume (GMV). CS was assessed using the Mars Contrast Sensitivity Test. A multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between CS and GMV in a voxel-wise manner within the whole gray matter. RESULTS The range of Mars_Final scores for the 100 participants was from 1.08 to 1.88, and we found significant positive correlations between the CS scores and GMV in the bilateral visual cortex. Precisely, the significant bilateral clusters were mainly located in bilateral V3A, with the superior parts extending to the bilateral posterior parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the critical role of the dorsal visual stream in CS processing, which may provide insights into the neuroanatomical mechanism of contrast sensitivity and its relation to some brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
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32
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Bejr-Kasem H, Pagonabarraga J, Martínez-Horta S, Sampedro F, Marín-Lahoz J, Horta-Barba A, Aracil-Bolaños I, Pérez-Pérez J, Ángeles Botí M, Campolongo A, Izquierdo C, Pascual-Sedano B, Gómez-Ansón B, Kulisevsky J. Disruption of the default mode network and its intrinsic functional connectivity underlies minor hallucinations in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 34:78-86. [PMID: 30536829 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minor hallucinations and well-structured hallucinations are considered in the severity continuum of the psychotic spectrum associated with Parkinson's disease. Although their chronological relationship is largely unknown, the spatial patterns of brain atrophy in these 2 forms of hallucinations partially overlap, suggesting they share similar pathophysiological processes. Functional connectivity studies show that disruption of functional networks involved in perception and attention could be relevant in the emergence of well-structured hallucinations. However, functional neuroimaging studies in patients with isolated minor hallucinations are lacking. The objectives of this study were to explore the structural and functional changes underlying minor hallucinations. METHODS We compared patients with (n = 18) and without (n = 14) minor hallucinations using a multimodal structural (gray-matter volume voxel-based morphometry) and functional (seed-to-whole-brain resting-state functional MRI) neuroimaging study. RESULTS Coincident with previously described structural changes in well-structured hallucinations in Parkinson's disease, patients with minor hallucinations exhibited gray-matter atrophy with significant voxel-wise differences in visuoperceptual processing areas and core regions of the default mode network. Functional connectivity changes consisted of altered connectivity within the default mode network, reduced negative correlation with task-positive network, and aberrant connectivity between posterior regions of the default mode network and visual-processing areas. These changes are in accordance with the attentional networks hypothesis proposed for well-structured hallucinations. CONCLUSIONS Although longitudinal studies are needed to assess the potential role of minor hallucinations as an early clinical biomarker of progression to well-structured hallucinations, the present findings show that the 2 phenomena share similar structural and functional brain correlates. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Bejr-Kasem
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pagonabarraga
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Saül Martínez-Horta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Frederic Sampedro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Marín-Lahoz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Horta-Barba
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Aracil-Bolaños
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Pérez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Botí
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Campolongo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Izquierdo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Pascual-Sedano
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Ansón
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Pan J, Zhou Y, Xiang Y, Yu J. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes in Schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:786-791. [PMID: 30551326 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to compare retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls have yielded inconsistent results. We aimed to compare changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in schizophrenia and healthy controls via a meta-analysis. Relevant studies were selected via an electronic search of the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Pubmed, and Embase. All included studies measured average and 4-quadrant (temporal, superior, nasal, and inferior) retinal nerve fiber layer thickness via OCT. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. Seven case-control studies involving collective totals of 245 eyes in patients with schizophrenia and 220 eyes in healthy controls were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. Statistical analysis revealed that average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with schizophrenia was significantly reduced compared to that of healthy controls. Additionally, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the inferior quadrant, nasal quadrant, and temporal quadrant differed significantly between the two groups, while differences in the superior quadrant did not. In view of these results, we suggest that peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as measured by OCT may be a useful tool for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junru Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Shengli Street, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Shengli Street, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Shengli Street, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Jiguo Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Shengli Street, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430014, China.
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Hipp G, Vaillant M, Diederich NJ, Roomp K, Satagopam VP, Banda P, Sandt E, Mommaerts K, Schmitz SK, Longhino L, Schweicher A, Hanff AM, Nicolai B, Kolber P, Reiter D, Pavelka L, Binck S, Pauly C, Geffers L, Betsou F, Gantenbein M, Klucken J, Gasser T, Hu MT, Balling R, Krüger R. The Luxembourg Parkinson's Study: A Comprehensive Approach for Stratification and Early Diagnosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:326. [PMID: 30420802 PMCID: PMC6216083 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While genetic advances have successfully defined part of the complexity in Parkinson's disease (PD), the clinical characterization of phenotypes remains challenging. Therapeutic trials and cohort studies typically include patients with earlier disease stages and exclude comorbidities, thus ignoring a substantial part of the real-world PD population. To account for these limitations, we implemented the Luxembourg PD study as a comprehensive clinical, molecular and device-based approach including patients with typical PD and atypical parkinsonism, irrespective of their disease stage, age, comorbidities, or linguistic background. To provide a large, longitudinally followed, and deeply phenotyped set of patients and controls for clinical and fundamental research on PD, we implemented an open-source digital platform that can be harmonized with international PD cohort studies. Our interests also reflect Luxembourg-specific areas of PD research, including vision, gait, and cognition. This effort is flanked by comprehensive biosampling efforts assuring high quality and sustained availability of body liquids and tissue biopsies. We provide evidence for the feasibility of such a cohort program with deep phenotyping and high quality biosampling on parkinsonism in an environment with structural specificities and alert the international research community to our willingness to collaborate with other centers. The combination of advanced clinical phenotyping approaches including device-based assessment will create a comprehensive assessment of the disease and its variants, its interaction with comorbidities and its progression. We envision the Luxembourg Parkinson's study as an important research platform for defining early diagnosis and progression markers that translate into stratified treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Hipp
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Vaillant
- Competence Centre in Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Kirsten Roomp
- Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Venkata P. Satagopam
- Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Peter Banda
- Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Estelle Sandt
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Kathleen Mommaerts
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sabine K. Schmitz
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Laura Longhino
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | - Anne-Marie Hanff
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Béatrice Nicolai
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Pierre Kolber
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dorothea Reiter
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lukas Pavelka
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sylvia Binck
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Claire Pauly
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lars Geffers
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Fay Betsou
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Manon Gantenbein
- Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation Center, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jochen Klucken
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michele T. Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rudi Balling
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg
- Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Guo L, Normando EM, Shah PA, De Groef L, Cordeiro MF. Oculo-visual abnormalities in Parkinson's disease: Possible value as biomarkers. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1390-1406. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Glaucoma and Retinal Degenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology; University College London; London UK
| | - Eduardo M. Normando
- Glaucoma and Retinal Degenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology; University College London; London UK
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust; London UK
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London; London UK
| | - Parth Arvind Shah
- Glaucoma and Retinal Degenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology; University College London; London UK
| | - Lies De Groef
- Glaucoma and Retinal Degenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology; University College London; London UK
- Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - M. Francesca Cordeiro
- Glaucoma and Retinal Degenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology; University College London; London UK
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust; London UK
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London; London UK
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36
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Influence of obstacle color on locomotor and gaze behaviors during obstacle avoidance in people with Parkinson’s disease. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:3319-3325. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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37
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Langston RG, Virmani T. Use of a Modified STROOP Test to Assess Color Discrimination Deficit in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 9:765. [PMID: 30258399 PMCID: PMC6143680 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To objectively measure color vision dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) using an easily administered, essentially free, modified Stroop test. Methods: Sixty-one iPD patients and 26 age-matched controls (HC) were enrolled after IRB approval and performed congruent (CST) and incongruent (IST) modified Stroop tests consisting of 40 words in 10 colors arranged in a 5 x 8 grid. The scorer was blinded to participant diagnosis. Errors on IST were defined as type 1 (written word reported rather than color) or type 2 (color reported different from the written word or its color). Results: The iPD group and the control group completed testing with similar CST performance. On the IST, 75.4% of iPD patients had type 2 errors (p = 0.001, OR 4.907, 95%CI 1.838-13.097) compared to 38.5% HC, with a positive predictive value of 82%. The mean number of type 2 errors was also higher in the iPD group, even with MoCA scores as a covariate in the analysis. Type 1 errors were not significantly different between the groups. A univariate logistic regression model with age, gender, MoCA, normalized IST completion time and the presence/absence of type 2 errors also resulted in type 2 errors as the only significant factor in the equation (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The modified Stroop test incorporated into the clinical evaluation of a patient may provide a quick and inexpensive objective measure of a non-motor feature of iPD, which could help in the clinical diagnosis of iPD in conjunction with the motor assessments currently used by neurologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah G Langston
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Tuhin Virmani
- Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Waln
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson’s Disease Center and Movement Disorder Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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39
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Functional and morphological assessment of ocular structures and follow-up of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease. Int Ophthalmol 2018; 39:1255-1262. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-018-0934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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40
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Jongkees BJ, Steenbergen L, Colzato LS. Color vision predicts processing modes of goal activation during action cascading. Cortex 2017; 94:123-130. [PMID: 28759802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important functions of cognitive control is action cascading: the ability to cope with multiple response options when confronted with various task goals. A recent study implicates a key role for dopamine (DA) in this process, suggesting higher D1 efficiency shifts the action cascading strategy toward a more serial processing mode, whereas higher D2 efficiency promotes a shift in the opposite direction by inducing a more parallel processing mode (Stock, Arning, Epplen, & Beste, 2014). Given that DA is found in high concentration in the retina and modulation of retinal DA release displays characteristics of D2-receptors (Peters, Schweibold, Przuntek, & Müller, 2000), color vision discrimination might serve as an index of D2 efficiency. We used color discrimination, assessed with the Lanthony Desaturated Panel D-15 test, to predict individual differences (N = 85) in a stop-change paradigm that provides a well-established measure of action cascading. In this task it is possible to calculate an individual slope value for each participant that estimates the degree of overlap in task goal activation. When the stopping process of a previous task goal has not finished at the time the change process toward a new task goal is initiated (parallel processing), the slope value becomes steeper. In case of less overlap (more serial processing), the slope value becomes flatter. As expected, participants showing better color vision were more prone to activate goals in a parallel manner as indicated by a steeper slope. Our findings suggest that color vision might represent a predictor of D2 efficiency and the predisposed processing mode of goal activation during action cascading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant J Jongkees
- Institute of Psychological Research and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Steenbergen
- Institute of Psychological Research and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Brain & Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenza S Colzato
- Institute of Psychological Research and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute for Sports and Sport Science, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
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41
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Boven L, Jiang QL, Moss HE. Diffuse Colour Discrimination as Marker of Afferent Visual System Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neuroophthalmology 2017; 41:310-314. [PMID: 29344070 DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2017.1326153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of the inner and intermediate retinal structures in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been described using optical coherence tomography and histopathology. Colour vision is a potential marker of these structural changes. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that colour vision impairment is associated with ALS. Monocular (right eye) colour vision was assessed in subjects with definite or probable ALS (n = 25, aged 50-80 years) and control (n = 21, aged 46-89 years) subjects with corrected near visual acuity of at least 20/40 using the L'Anthony D15 color test (desaturated), scored by c-index, a measure of diffuse colour discrimination. Of ALS subjects, 16/25 (64%) had impaired colour vision (c-index >1.8). Comparing with our normal subjects and accounting for age, 72% (n = 18) of ALS subjects had colour vision below the 50th percentile, 52% (n = 13) had colour vision below the 25th percentile, 24% (n = 6) had colour vision below the 10th percentile, and 8% (n = 2) had colour vision below the 2nd percentile. In multivariate models of ln(c-index) and age, the intercept was higher and the slope was flatter in ALS subjects, suggesting that colour vision deficits are more prominent in younger ALS patients. Diffuse colour discrimination deficits are detected in ALS subjects at younger ages than in control subjects. Further study is needed to confirm these findings and to determine if the ALS colour discrimination abnormalities correlate with structural markers of retinal involvement and ALS disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Boven
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Qin Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Heather E Moss
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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42
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The role of the retina in visual hallucinations: A review of the literature and implications for psychosis. Neuropsychologia 2017; 99:128-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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43
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Fuermaier ABM, Hüpen P, De Vries SM, Müller M, Kok FM, Koerts J, Heutink J, Tucha L, Gerlach M, Tucha O. Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 10:21-47. [PMID: 28401487 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-017-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A large body of research demonstrated that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suffer from various neuropsychological deficits. In contrast, less is known and only divergent evidence exists on perceptual functions of individuals with ADHD. This is problematic as neuropsychological and perceptual functions are closely interrelated and are often difficult to disentangle in behavioral assessments. This study presents the conduct and results of a systematic literature review on perceptual functions in children and adults with ADHD. This review considers studies using psychophysical methods (objective measurements) and self- and informant reports (subjective measurements). Results indicate that individuals with ADHD have altered perceptual functions in various domains as compared to typically developing individuals. Increased perceptual functions in individuals with ADHD were found with regard to olfactory detection thresholds, whereas reduced perceptual functions were evident for aspects of visual and speech perception. Moreover, individuals with ADHD were found to experience discomfort to sensory stimuli at a lower level than typically developing individuals. Alterations of perceptual functions in individuals with ADHD were shown to be moderated by various factors, such as pharmacological treatment, cognitive functions, and symptom severity. We conclude by giving implications for daily life functioning and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm B M Fuermaier
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Philippa Hüpen
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie M De Vries
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Morgana Müller
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francien M Kok
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Koerts
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Heutink
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise for Blind and Partially Sighted People, Royal Dutch Visio, 9752 AC, Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Gerlach
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre for Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Füchsleinstrasse 15, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ocular and visual disorders in Parkinson's disease: Common but frequently overlooked. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017; 40:1-10. [PMID: 28284903 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often compensate for their motor deficits by guiding their movements visually. A wide range of ocular and visual disorders threatens the patients' ability to benefit optimally from visual feedback. These disorders are common in patients with PD, yet they have received little attention in both research and clinical practice, leading to unnecessary - but possibly treatable - disability. Based on a literature search covering 50 years, we review the range of ocular and visual disorders in patients with PD, and classify these according to anatomical structures of the visual pathway. We discuss six common disorders in more detail: dry eyes; diplopia; glaucoma and glaucoma-like visual problems; impaired contrast and colour vision; visuospatial and visuoperceptual impairments; and visual hallucinations. In addition, we review the effects of PD-related pharmacological and surgical treatments on visual function, and we offer practical recommendations for clinical management. Greater awareness and early recognition of ocular and visual problems in PD might enable timely instalment of tailored treatments, leading to improved patient safety, greater independence, and better quality of life.
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45
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Irving EL, Chriqui E, Law C, Kergoat MJ, Leclerc BS, Panisset M, Postuma R, Kergoat H. Prevalence of Convergence Insufficiency in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2016; 4:424-429. [PMID: 30363406 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently reported that convergence insufficiency (CI)-type visual symptomatology was more prevalent in participants with Parkinson's disease (PD), compared to controls. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of a confirmed clinical diagnosis of CI in PD, compared to controls. Methods Participants with (n = 80) and without (n = 80) PD were recruited and received an eye exam. Published criteria were used to arrive at a clinical diagnosis of CI. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS-15) questionnaire was administered to each participant, with a score of ≥21 being considered positive for CI symptomatology. Student t test, chi-square, or nonparametric tests at the 0.05 level were used for statistical significance. Results A total of 43.8% of participants with versus 16.3% without PD had a clinical diagnosis of CI (P ≤ 0.001). A total of 53.8% of participants with versus 18.8% without PD had scores on the CISS-15 of ≥21 (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions These results indicate that individuals with PD have a higher prevalence of CI and CI symptomatology than controls. These data provide evidence supporting the notion that treatment for symptomatic CI should be investigated in individuals with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Irving
- School of Optometry and Vision Science University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada
| | - Estefania Chriqui
- School of Optometry University of Montréal Montréal QC Canada.,Research Center Montréal University Institute of Geriatrics Montréal QC Canada
| | - Caroline Law
- School of Optometry University of Montréal Montréal QC Canada.,Research Center Montréal University Institute of Geriatrics Montréal QC Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Research Center Montréal University Institute of Geriatrics Montréal QC Canada.,Faculty of Medicine University of Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Bernard-Simon Leclerc
- Research Center Montréal University Institute of Geriatrics Montréal QC Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine School of Public Health University of Montréal Montréal QC Canada.,"InterActions" Research Center Integrated University Health and Social Services Center North of the Island of Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Michel Panisset
- Department of Neurology Research Center - CHUM Montréal QC Canada
| | - Ronald Postuma
- Department of Neurology Montréal General Hospital (MGH) McGill University
| | - Hélène Kergoat
- School of Optometry University of Montréal Montréal QC Canada.,Research Center Montréal University Institute of Geriatrics Montréal QC Canada
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Ridder A, Müller MLTM, Kotagal V, Frey KA, Albin RL, Bohnen NI. Impaired contrast sensitivity is associated with more severe cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016; 34:15-19. [PMID: 27742131 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dopaminergic degeneration affects both nigrostriatal projection neurons and retinal amacrine cells in Parkinson disease (PD). Parkinsonian retinopathy is associated with impaired color discrimination and contrast sensitivity. Some prior studies described associations between color discrimination deficits and cognitive deficits in PD, suggesting that contrast discrimination deficits are due, at least in part, to cognitive deficits in PD. We investigated the relationship between cognitive deficits and impaired contrast sensitivity in PD. METHODS PD subjects, n = 43; 15F/28M; mean age 66.5 ± 8.2, Hoehn and Yahr stage 2.6 ± 0.6, and duration of disease of 6.2 ± 5.0 years underwent neuropsychological and Rabin contrast sensitivity testing. RESULTS Mean Rabin contrast sensitivity score was 1.34 ± 0.40. Bivariate analyses showed significant correlation between Rabin contrast sensitivity scores and global cognitive z-scores (R = 0.54, P = 0.0002). Cognitive domain Z-score post hoc analysis demonstrated most robust correlation between Rabin scores and executive functions (R = 0.49, P = 0.0009), followed by verbal learning (R = 0.44, P = 0.0028), visuospatial (R = 0.39, P = 0.001) and attention z-scores (R = 0.32, P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Impaired contrast sensitivity in PD is robustly associated with cognitive deficits, particularly executive function deficits. These results suggest that contrast sensitivity may be a useful biomarker for cognitive changes in PD and may have implications for driving safety evaluations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ridder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M L T M Müller
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - V Kotagal
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Neurology Service and GRECC, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K A Frey
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Neurology Service and GRECC, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - N I Bohnen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Neurology Service and GRECC, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Dumitrascu OM, Kamiński J, Rutishauser U, Tagliati M. Subthalamic Nuclei Deep Brain Stimulation Improves Color Vision in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Brain Stimul 2016; 9:948-949. [PMID: 27591893 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oana M Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, A6600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048.
| | - Jan Kamiński
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, A6600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048
| | - Ueli Rutishauser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, A6600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048
| | - Michele Tagliati
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, A6600, Los Angeles, CA, 90048
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Berger A, Findler M, Maymon D, Korach T, Yativ OF, Gronovich Y, Hassidim A. Color Vision Deficiency and Functional Disorders Among Israeli Male Adolescents Between 2007 and 2013. J Child Neurol 2016; 31:1245-9. [PMID: 27280722 DOI: 10.1177/0883073816650040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Color vision deficiency has been associated with educational difficulties among male children, as well as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We examined the association of color vision deficiency with functional conditions, including ADHD, irritable bowel syndrome, enuresis and somatoform disorders, in a large population of male adolescents. We included all Israeli male adolescents that underwent medical and cognitive examinations during conscription between the years 2007 and 2013. The prevalence of ADHD, irritable bowel syndrome, enuresis, and somatoform disorders among color vision deficiency patients was compared to a control group. The study included 305 964 males aging 17 ± 0.6, of which 7584 (2.5%) had color vision deficiency. Using a multivariable analysis, the probability for irritable bowel syndrome, enuresis, and somatoform disorders among color vision deficiency patients was increased by 1.41, 1.94, and 3.87, respectively (P < .05). No significant association was found between ADHD and color vision deficiency. Color vision abnormalities are associated with functional disorders in male adolescents, including irritable bowel syndrome, enuresis, and somatoform disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Berger
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel Neurosurgery Department, The Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Findler
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel Neurology Department, The Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror Maymon
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Yoav Gronovich
- Plastic Surgery Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayal Hassidim
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel Department of Plastic and reconstructive surgery, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Vision related quality of life in spinocerebellar ataxia. J Neurol Sci 2015; 358:404-8. [PMID: 26474795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) leads to abnormal ocular motility and alignment. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess vision, ocular motility and alignment and its impact on vision related quality of life (VRQOL) in SCA. METHODS Nineteen genetically diagnosed SCA subjects (11 SCA type 3, 3 SCA type 1 and 5 SCA type 6) participated at two university centers. All subjects completed the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), 10-Item Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement (NOS), scale for assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) and ophthalmic examination. Twelve subjects seen at one of the 2 sites underwent quantitative ocular motility and alignment assessment. RESULTS Composite scores for NEI-VFQ (mean 76.3±13) and NOS (mean 65.2±16.8) were significantly decreased in SCA subjects. NEI-VFQ subscale scores were decreased for general, near, distance and peripheral vision and driving. SCA patients had decreased low contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity and multiple ocular motility defects which included gaze limitation (9/12), nystagmus (5/12), distance esophoria (11/12), near exophoria (12/12) and receded near point of convergence. A significant negative correlation was noted between composite scores and distance convergence fusional amplitude. CONCLUSION VRQOL is significantly decreased in SCA compared to normal population. All SCA patients should be screened for visual disability and referred for neuro-ophthalmic assessment promptly.
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Luo C, Guo X, Song W, Chen Q, Yang J, Gong Q, Shang HF. The trajectory of disturbed resting-state cerebral function in Parkinson's disease at different Hoehn and Yahr stages. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:3104-16. [PMID: 25959682 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to investigate the disturbance of neural network associated with the different clinical stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHOD We recruited 80 patients at different H&Y stages of PD (28 at H&Y stage I, 28 at H&Y stage II, 24 at H&Y stage III) and 30 normal controls. All participants underwent resting-state fMRI scans on a 3-T MR system. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of blood oxygen level-dependent signals was used to characterize regional cerebral function. Functional integration across the brain regions was evaluated by a seed voxel correlation approach. RESULTS PD patients had decreased regional activities in left occipital and lingual regions; these regions show decreased functional connection pattern with temporal regions, which is deteriorating as H&Y stage ascending. In addition, PD patients, especially those at stage II, exhibit increased regional activity in the posterior regions of default mode network (DMN), increased anticorrelation between posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and cortical regions outside DMN, and higher temporal coherence within DMN. Those indicate more highly functioned DMN in PD patients at stage II. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the trajectories of resting-state cerebral function disturbance in PD patients at different H&Y stages. Impairment in functional integration of occipital-temporal cortex might be a promising measurement to evaluate and potentially track functional substrates of disease evolution of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunYan Luo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoYan Guo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - QiYong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, SiChuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
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