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Sanchís J, Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Villanueva CM, Farré MJ. Non targeted screening of nitrogen containing disinfection by-products in formation potential tests of river water and subsequent monitoring in tap water samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135087. [PMID: 35623424 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The generation of disinfection by-products during water chlorination is a major concern in water treatment, given the potential health risks that these substances may pose. In particular, nitrogen-containing DBPs are believed to have greater toxicological significance than carbon-based DBPs. Hence, high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) in positive mode was employed to identify new non-volatile nitrogen containing disinfection by-products (DBPs) and to assess their presence in potable water. Nine water samples were taken in the Llobregat river, in the context of a water reuse trial, near the catchment of a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) in 2019. River samples were disinfected with chlorine under controlled formation potential tests conditions and analysed with a non-target approach. The peak lists of raw and chlorinated samples were compared exhaustively, resulting in an extensive list of 495 DBPs that include bromine and/or chlorine atoms. 172 of these species were found frequently, in three or more chlorinated samples. The empirical formulae of these DBPs were unambiguously annotated on the basis of accurate m/z measurements, isotopic patterns and common heuristic rules. Most of the annotated species (310) contained bromide, which is consistent with the relatively high bromide content of the Llobregat basin (>0.3 mg/l). Drinking water samples were taken at the outlet of the DWTP during the same sampling period. According to their analysis, a large portion of the DBPs detected after the formation potential tests do not reach real-life drinking water, which suggests that the treatment train successfully removes a significant fraction of DBP precursors. However, 131 DBPs could still be detected in the final product water. A larger sampling was carried in the Barcelona water distribution network, during six consecutive weeks, and it revealed the presence of 78 halogenated DBPs in end-consumer water, most of which were nitrogen-containing. MS/MS fragmentation and retention times were employed to tentatively suggest molecular structure for these recalcitrant DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Sanchís
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria José Farré
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona (UdG), Girona, Spain.
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A sensitive method for the determination of ultra trace levels of reactive bromine species in water using LC-MS/MS. Talanta 2019; 199:567-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Cogswell TJ, Donald CS, Marquez R. Flexible synthesis of polyfunctionalised 3-fluoropyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:183-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Convergent synthesis of polyfunctionalised 3-fluoropyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolfo Marquez
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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Bellina F, Lessi M, Marianetti G, Panattoni A. Highly regioselective C-5 alkynylation of imidazoles by one-pot sequential bromination and Sonogashira cross coupling. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Méndez-Díaz JD, Shimabuku KK, Ma J, Enumah ZO, Pignatello JJ, Mitch WA, Dodd MC. Sunlight-driven photochemical halogenation of dissolved organic matter in seawater: a natural abiotic source of organobromine and organoiodine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:7418-7427. [PMID: 24933183 DOI: 10.1021/es5016668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with photochemically generated reactive halogen species (RHS) may represent an important natural source of organohalogens within surface seawaters. However, investigation of such processes has been limited by difficulties in quantifying low dissolved organohalogen concentrations in the presence of background inorganic halides. In this work, sequential solid phase extraction (SPE) and silver-form cation exchange filtration were utilized to desalt and preconcentrate seawater DOM prior to nonspecific organohalogen analysis by ICP-MS. Using this approach, native organobromine and organoiodine contents were found to range from 3.2-6.4 × 10(-4) mol Br/mol C and 1.1-3.8 × 10(-4) mol I/mol C (or 19-160 nmol Br L(-1) and 6-36 nmol I L(-1)) within a wide variety of natural seawater samples, compared with 0.6-1.2 × 10(-4) mol Br/mol C and 0.6-1.1 × 10(-5) mol I/mol C in terrestrial natural organic matter (NOM) isolates. Together with a chemical probe method specific for RHS, the SPE+ICP-MS approach was also employed to demonstrate formation of nanomolar levels of organobromine and organoiodine during simulated and natural solar irradiation of DOM in artificial and natural seawaters. In a typical experiment, the organobromine content of 2.1 × 10(-4) mol C L(-1) (2.5 mg C L(-1)) of Suwannee River NOM in artificial seawater increased by 69% (from 5.9 × 10(-5) to 1.0 × 10(-4) mol Br/mol C) during exposure to 24 h of simulated sunlight. Increasing I(-) concentrations (up to 2.0 × 10(-7) mol L(-1)) promoted increases of up to 460% in organoiodine content (from 8.5 × 10(-6) to 4.8 × 10(-5) mol I/mol C) at the expense of organobromine formation under the same conditions. The results reported herein suggest that sunlight-driven reactions of RHS with DOM may play a significant role in marine bromine and iodine cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Diego Méndez-Díaz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-2700, United States
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Abdel-Halim ST. Effect of solvent on absorption and fluorescence spectra of a typical fluorinated azo dye for its acidic and basic structures. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 82:253-259. [PMID: 21820950 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 15 polar solvents on absorption and fluorescence energies of a typical fluorinated azo dye, 4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-pyridin-4-yl azo)-phenol, was reported for its acidic, MH, and basic, M, structures. For MH, the absorption energy is described on the basis of multi-linear equation with Taft's π* (solvent polarity) and β (hydrogen bond acceptor) parameters while the fluorescence energy varies rectilinearly with free energy of transferring the proton to the surrounding solvent, ΔG(t)°. For M, the hydrogen bonding donor ability of protic solvent, α, is a predominant factor which affects the absorption energy while in aprotic solvents, the absorption energy correlates linearly with Kirkwood function. As the ability of the solvent for hydrogen bonding increases, the absorption band width will increase in parallel with the transition energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir T Abdel-Halim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Cabildo P, Claramunt RM, Elguero J, Foces-Foces C, Llamas-Saiz AL, Cano FLH. Studies in the azole series. CIII. adamantyl and halogeno pyrazolin-5-ones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19931021108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
This Perspective summarises the chemistry of the pyrazole ring, and reviews the metal coordination modes adopted by 1H-pyrazoles and their anions. Pyrazolide anions are probably the most versatile ligands in coordination chemistry, with 20 different terminal or bridging coordination modes having been identified so far. Metal cluster compounds supported by pyrazolido ligation are surveyed, concentrating on those reported during the past ten years. Highlights include the wide structural diversity in apparently simple main group pyrazolides; luminescence and charge-transfer complexes in coinage metal pyrazolide clusters; the use of robust metal pyrazolide clusters to construct liquid crystals, supramolecular materials and metal-organic frameworks; and supramolecular complexes formed by pyrazolide-supported metallacrowns.
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Surmont R, Verniest G, Colpaert F, Macdonald G, Thuring JW, Deroose F, De Kimpe N. New Synthesis of 3-Fluoropyrroles. J Org Chem 2008; 74:1377-80. [PMID: 19115927 DOI: 10.1021/jo802272n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Surmont
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Guido Verniest
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Filip Colpaert
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gregor Macdonald
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jan Willem Thuring
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Frederik Deroose
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
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Halcrow MA. The synthesis and coordination chemistry of 2,6-bis(pyrazolyl)pyridines and related ligands — Versatile terpyridine analogues. Coord Chem Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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12
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Skulski L, Wroczynski P. Some Heteroaromatic Organomercurials, Their Syntheses and Reactions: A Review of Our Research (1980-2000). Molecules 2001. [PMCID: PMC6236519 DOI: 10.3390/61200927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review reports some novel (or improved) synthetic methods for preparing a number of aromatic (carbocyclic and predominantly heterocyclic) organomercurials, particularly those derived from theophylline, theobromine and uracil, as well as some novel halo- and cyano-demercuration reactions. We have also synthesized the first stable organic derivative of mercury(I), viz. 1,8-bis(acetoxy-dimercurio)theobromine, and studied its novel reactions. We have also improved the old Willgerodt method (1897), applicable for preparing various diaryliodonium chlorides from appropriate (dichloroiodo)arenes and symmetric aromatic mercurials. A full list of our works, published over the past twenty years (1980-2000), is also provided (see Refs. 1-16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lech Skulski
- To whom the correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: or
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Shin SS, Noh MS, Byun YJ, Choi JK, Kim JY, Lim KM, Ha JY, Kim JK, Lee CH, Chung S. 2,2-Dimethyl-4,5-diaryl-3(2H)furanone derivatives as selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:165-8. [PMID: 11206450 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2,2-dimethyl-5-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-4-phenyl-3(2H)furanones was prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Shin
- Drug Discovery, Pacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Kyounggi-do, South Korea
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Katsuyama I, Zjawiony JK. Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of Bromination of Sampangine. CHEM LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2000.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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Pevzner M. Aromatic N-Haloazoles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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16
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17
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Belen'kii L, Kruchkovskaya N. The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part V. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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18
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D'Auria M, Mauriello G. Bis-(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene — iodine system: An efficient and selective reagent for iodination of thiophene derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(95)00876-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Grimmett MR. Halogenation of Heterocycles: III. Heterocyeles Fused to Other Aromatic or Heteroaromatic Rings. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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