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Negri VA, Louis B, Zijl S, Ganier C, Philippeos C, Ali S, Reynolds G, Haniffa M, Watt FM. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human epidermis identifies Lunatic fringe as a novel regulator of the stem cell compartment. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2047-2055. [PMID: 37832539 PMCID: PMC10679657 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of human skin provides a tool for validating observations from in vitro experimental models. By analyzing a published dataset of healthy adult epidermis, we confirm that the basal epidermal layer is heterogeneous, and three subpopulations of non-dividing cells can be distinguished. We show that Delta-like ligand 1 (DLL1) is expressed in a subset of basal cells previously identified as stem cells in cultured human keratinocytes and map the distribution of other Notch ligands and receptors to specific epidermal cell compartments. Although DLL1 is expressed at low levels, it is expressed in the same cell state as the Notch regulator, Lunatic -fringe (LFNG, O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase). Overexpression of LFNG amplifies the effects of DLL1 in cultured keratinocytes, increasing proliferation and colony-forming ability. We conclude that using scRNA-seq resources from healthy human skin not only validates previous experimental data but allows formulation of testable new hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Augusti Negri
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Blaise Louis
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sebastiaan Zijl
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Clarisse Ganier
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christina Philippeos
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Shahnawaz Ali
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gary Reynolds
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Directors' Research Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
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2
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Vicente MM, Leite-Gomes E, Pinho SS. Glycome dynamics in T and B cell development: basic immunological mechanisms and clinical applications. Trends Immunol 2023:S1471-4906(23)00112-6. [PMID: 37407365 PMCID: PMC10394430 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycans cover the surfaces of all mammalian cells through a process called glycosylation. Nearly all proteins and receptors that integrate the intricate series of co-stimulatory/inhibitory pathways of the immune system are glycosylated. Growing evidence indicates that the development of the immune system at the origins of T and B cell development is tightly regulated by glycosylation. In this opinion, we hypothesize that the glycome composition of developing T and B cells is developmentally regulated. We discuss how glycans play fundamental roles in lymphocyte development and how glycans early define T and B cell functionality in multiple aspects of adaptive immunity. These advances can provide opportunities for the discovery of novel disease factors and more effective candidate treatments for various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel M Vicente
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Graduate Program in Areas of Applied and Basic Biology (GABBA), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Leite-Gomes
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
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3
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Deshotels L, Safa FM, Saba NS. NOTCH Signaling in Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Biological and Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10280. [PMID: 37373427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite major progress in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) therapeutics, MCL remains a deadly disease with a median survival not exceeding four years. No single driver genetic lesion has been described to solely give rise to MCL. The hallmark translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) requires additional genetic alterations for the malignant transformation. A short list of recurrently mutated genes including ATM, CCND1, UBR5, TP53, BIRC3, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and TRAF2 recently emerged as contributors to the pathogenesis of MCL. Notably, NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 were found to be mutated in multiple B cell lymphomas, including 5-10% of MCL, with most of these mutations occurring within the PEST domain of the protein. The NOTCH genes play a critical role in the early and late phases of normal B cell differentiation. In MCL, mutations in the PEST domain stabilize NOTCH proteins, rendering them resistant to degradation, which subsequently results in the upregulation of genes involved in angiogenesis, cell cycle progression, and cell migration and adhesion. At the clinical level, mutated NOTCH genes are associated with aggressive features in MCL, such as the blastoid and pleomorphic variants, a shorter response to treatment, and inferior survival. In this article, we explore in detail the role of NOTCH signaling in MCL biology and the ongoing efforts toward targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Deshotels
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Firas M Safa
- Service d'hématologie, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | - Nakhle S Saba
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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4
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Yue Z, Yu Y, Gao B, Wang D, Sun H, Feng Y, Ma Z, Xie X. Advances in protein glycosylation and its role in tissue repair and regeneration. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:355-373. [PMID: 37097318 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
After tissue damage, a series of molecular and cellular events are initiated to promote tissue repair and regeneration to restore its original structure and function. These events include inter-cell communication, cell proliferation, cell migration, extracellular matrix differentiation, and other critical biological processes. Glycosylation is the crucial conservative and universal post-translational modification in all eukaryotic cells [1], with influential roles in intercellular recognition, regulation, signaling, immune response, cellular transformation, and disease development. Studies have shown that abnormally glycosylation of proteins is a well-recognized feature of cancer cells, and specific glycan structures are considered markers of tumor development. There are many studies on gene expression and regulation during tissue repair and regeneration. Still, there needs to be more knowledge of complex carbohydrates' effects on tissue repair and regeneration, such as glycosylation. Here, we present a review of studies investigating protein glycosylation in the tissue repair and regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Du Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- GeWu Medical Research Institute (GMRI), Xi'an, China.
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5
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Saito S, Mizumoto S, Yonekura T, Yamashita R, Nakano K, Okubo T, Yamada S, Okamura T, Furuichi T. Mice lacking nucleotide sugar transporter SLC35A3 exhibit lethal chondrodysplasia with vertebral anomalies and impaired glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284292. [PMID: 37053259 PMCID: PMC10101523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC35A3 is considered an uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) transporter in mammals and regulates the branching of N-glycans. A missense mutation in SLC35A3 causes complex vertebral malformation (CVM) in cattle. However, the biological functions of SLC35A3 have not been fully clarified. To address these issues, we have established Slc35a3-/-mice using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. The generated mutant mice were perinatal lethal and exhibited chondrodysplasia recapitulating CVM-like vertebral anomalies. During embryogenesis, Slc35a3 mRNA was expressed in the presomitic mesoderm of wild-type mice, suggesting that SLC35A3 transports UDP-GlcNAc used for the sugar modification that is essential for somite formation. In the growth plate cartilage of Slc35a3-/-embryos, extracellular space was drastically reduced, and many flat proliferative chondrocytes were reshaped. Proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation were not affected in the chondrocytes of Slc35a3-/-mice, suggesting that the chondrodysplasia phenotypes were mainly caused by the abnormal extracellular matrix quality. Because these histological abnormalities were similar to those observed in several mutant mice accompanying the impaired glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, GAG levels were measured in the spine and limbs of Slc35a3-/-mice using disaccharide composition analysis. Compared with control mice, the amounts of heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate, were significantly decreased in Slc35a3-/-mice. These findings suggest that SLC35A3 regulates GAG biosynthesis and the chondrodysplasia phenotypes were partially caused by the decreased GAG synthesis. Hence, Slc35a3-/- mice would be a useful model for investigating the in vivo roles of SLC35A3 and the pathological mechanisms of SLC35A3-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Saito
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yonekura
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Rina Yamashita
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakano
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okubo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Furuichi
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
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6
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Crotta S, Villa M, Major J, Finsterbusch K, Llorian M, Carmeliet P, Buescher J, Wack A. Repair of airway epithelia requires metabolic rewiring towards fatty acid oxidation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:721. [PMID: 36781848 PMCID: PMC9925445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues provide front-line barriers shielding the organism from invading pathogens and harmful substances. In the airway epithelium, the combined action of multiciliated and secretory cells sustains the mucociliary escalator required for clearance of microbes and particles from the airways. Defects in components of mucociliary clearance or barrier integrity are associated with recurring infections and chronic inflammation. The timely and balanced differentiation of basal cells into mature epithelial cell subsets is therefore tightly controlled. While different growth factors regulating progenitor cell proliferation have been described, little is known about the role of metabolism in these regenerative processes. Here we show that basal cell differentiation correlates with a shift in cellular metabolism from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that pharmacological and genetic impairment of FAO blocks the development of fully differentiated airway epithelial cells, compromising the repair of airway epithelia. Mechanistically, FAO links to the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway to support protein glycosylation in airway epithelial cells. Our findings unveil the metabolic network underpinning the differentiation of airway epithelia and identify novel targets for intervention to promote lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jack Major
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, and Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joerg Buescher
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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7
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Kwak M, Southard KM, Kim WR, Lin A, Kim NH, Gopalappa R, Lee HJ, An M, Choi SH, Jung Y, Noh K, Farlow J, Georgakopoulos A, Robakis NK, Kang MK, Kutys ML, Seo D, Kim HH, Kim YH, Cheon J, Gartner ZJ, Jun YW. Adherens junctions organize size-selective proteolytic hotspots critical for Notch signalling. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1739-1753. [PMID: 36456828 PMCID: PMC10665132 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) create spatially, chemically and mechanically discrete microdomains at cellular interfaces. Here, using a mechanogenetic platform that generates artificial AJs with controlled protein localization, clustering and mechanical loading, we find that AJs also organize proteolytic hotspots for γ-secretase with a spatially regulated substrate selectivity that is critical in the processing of Notch and other transmembrane proteins. Membrane microdomains outside of AJs exclusively organize Notch ligand-receptor engagement (LRE microdomains) to initiate receptor activation. Conversely, membrane microdomains within AJs exclusively serve to coordinate regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP microdomains). They do so by concentrating γ-secretase and primed receptors while excluding full-length Notch. AJs induce these functionally distinct microdomains by means of lipid-dependent γ-secretase recruitment and size-dependent protein segregation. By excluding full-length Notch from RIP microdomains, AJs prevent inappropriate enzyme-substrate interactions and suppress spurious Notch activation. Ligand-induced ectodomain shedding eliminates size-dependent segregation, releasing Notch to translocate into AJs for processing by γ-secretase. This mechanism directs radial differentiation of ventricular zone-neural progenitor cells in vivo and more broadly regulates the proteolysis of other large cell-surface receptors such as amyloid precursor protein. These findings suggest an unprecedented role of AJs in creating size-selective spatial switches that choreograph γ-secretase processing of multiple transmembrane proteins regulating development, homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kwak
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kaden M Southard
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Woon Ryoung Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annie Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nam Hyeong Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Imnewrun Inc., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramu Gopalappa
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Minji An
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Choi
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmin Jung
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunwoo Noh
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Justin Farlow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anastasios Georgakopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaos K Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min K Kang
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew L Kutys
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daeha Seo
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyongbum Henry Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Imnewrun Inc., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cheon
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Young-Wook Jun
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Center (HDFCCC), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Chang D, Zaia J. Methods to improve quantitative glycoprotein coverage from bottom-up LC-MS data. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:922-937. [PMID: 33764573 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation, methods development, and bioinformatics have greatly improved the ease and accuracy of site-specific, quantitative glycoproteomics analysis. Data-dependent acquisition is the most popular method for identification and quantification of glycopeptides; however, complete coverage of glycosylation site glycoforms remains elusive with this method. Targeted acquisition methods improve the precision and accuracy of quantification, but at the cost of throughput and discoverability. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) holds great promise for more complete and highly quantitative site-specific glycoproteomics analysis, while maintaining the ability to discover novel glycopeptides without prior knowledge. We review additional features that can be used to increase selectivity and coverage to the DIA workflow: retention time modeling, which would simplify the interpretation of complex tandem mass spectra, and ion mobility separation, which would maximize the sampling of all precursors at a giving chromatographic retention time. The instrumentation and bioinformatics to incorporate these features into glycoproteomics analysis exist. These improvements in quantitative, site-specific analysis will enable researchers to assess glycosylation similarity in related biological systems, answering new questions about the interplay between glycosylation state and biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Zaia
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Zhang A, Tsukamoto Y, Takeuchi H, Nishiwaki K, Tashima Y, Okajima T. Secretory expression of mammalian NOTCH tandem epidermal growth factor-like repeats based on increased O-glycosylation. Anal Biochem 2022; 656:114881. [PMID: 36067866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway represents evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling essential for cell-to-cell communication during development. Dysregulation of Notch signaling has been implicated in various diseases, and its control represents a potential cancer treatment strategy. Notch signaling is initiated by the interaction of NOTCH receptors with their ligands on neighboring cells. Therefore, the truncated NOTCH ectodomain, composed mainly of tandem repeats of epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domains, serves as a decoy molecule that competes for ligand binding and thus inhibits ligand-dependent Notch signaling. Although full-length NOTCH EGF repeats exhibited potent Notch inhibitory activity, they were poorly produced in the transfected cells. This study evaluated the effect of EGF domain-modifying glycosyltransferases on the secretion of NOTCH EGF repeats. Our results in HEK293T cells revealed that, unlike the effect on endogenous NOTCH receptors, overexpressed EGF domain-specific O-GlcNAc transferase (EOGT) markedly enhanced the secretion of NOTCH1 EGF repeats in an enzyme activity-dependent manner. The co-expression of protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 further manifested the effect of EOGT. The resultant changes in O-glycosylation of NOTCH3 were evaluated by label-free glycopeptide quantification. This study provides an experimental strategy to efficiently generate NOTCH EGF repeats by manipulating the expression of glycosyltransferases that alter the O-glycosylation of EGF domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohei Tsukamoto
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, University of Shizuoka School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Nishiwaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Tashima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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10
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Won JH, Choi JS, Jun JI. CCN1 interacts with integrins to regulate intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3117. [PMID: 35660741 PMCID: PMC9166801 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) at the crypt base contribute to intestinal homeostasis through a balance between self-renewal and differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating this homeostatic balance remain elusive. Here we show that the matricellular protein CCN1/CYR61 coordinately regulates ISC proliferation and differentiation through distinct pathways emanating from CCN1 interaction with integrins αvβ3/αvβ5. Mice that delete Ccn1 in Lgr5 + ISCs or express mutant CCN1 unable to bind integrins αvβ3/αvβ5 exhibited exuberant ISC expansion and enhanced differentiation into secretory cells at the expense of absorptive enterocytes in the small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption. Analysis of crypt organoids revealed that through integrins αvβ3/αvβ5, CCN1 induces NF-κB-dependent Jag1 expression to regulate Notch activation for differentiation and promotes Src-mediated YAP activation and Dkk1 expression to control Wnt signaling for proliferation. Moreover, CCN1 and YAP amplify the activities of each other in a regulatory loop. These findings establish CCN1 as a niche factor in the intestinal crypts, providing insights into how matrix signaling exerts overarching control of ISC homeostasis. Intestinal stem cells contribute to homeostasis through a balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Here the authors show that CCN1 is an intestinal stem cell niche factor that activates integrin αvβ3/αvβ5 signaling to regulate proliferation and differentiation through distinct downstream pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hoon Won
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 South Ashland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Jacob S Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 South Ashland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.,Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North St. Clair street Arkes Suite 2330, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joon-Il Jun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 South Ashland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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11
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Notch signaling pathway: architecture, disease, and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:95. [PMID: 35332121 PMCID: PMC8948217 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOTCH gene was identified approximately 110 years ago. Classical studies have revealed that NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway. NOTCH receptors undergo three cleavages and translocate into the nucleus to regulate the transcription of target genes. NOTCH signaling deeply participates in the development and homeostasis of multiple tissues and organs, the aberration of which results in cancerous and noncancerous diseases. However, recent studies indicate that the outcomes of NOTCH signaling are changeable and highly dependent on context. In terms of cancers, NOTCH signaling can both promote and inhibit tumor development in various types of cancer. The overall performance of NOTCH-targeted therapies in clinical trials has failed to meet expectations. Additionally, NOTCH mutation has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in many cancers. Collectively, the NOTCH pathway needs to be integrally assessed with new perspectives to inspire discoveries and applications. In this review, we focus on both classical and the latest findings related to NOTCH signaling to illustrate the history, architecture, regulatory mechanisms, contributions to physiological development, related diseases, and therapeutic applications of the NOTCH pathway. The contributions of NOTCH signaling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy are also highlighted. We hope this review will help not only beginners but also experts to systematically and thoroughly understand the NOTCH signaling pathway.
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12
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Lo PW, Okajima T. Eogt-catalyzed O-GlcNAcylation. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2022. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.2033.1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Lo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Lo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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14
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Balli OI, Uversky VN, Durdagi S, Coskuner-Weber O. Challenges and limitations in the studies of glycoproteins: A computational chemist's perspective. Proteins 2021; 90:322-339. [PMID: 34549826 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Experimenters face challenges and limitations while analyzing glycoproteins due to their high flexibility, stereochemistry, anisotropic effects, and hydration phenomena. Computational studies complement experiments and have been used in characterization of the structural properties of glycoproteins. However, recent investigations revealed that computational studies face significant challenges as well. Here, we introduce and discuss some of these challenges and weaknesses in the investigations of glycoproteins. We also present requirements of future developments in computational biochemistry and computational biology areas that could be necessary for providing more accurate structural property analyses of glycoproteins using computational tools. Further theoretical strategies that need to be and can be developed are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyku Irem Balli
- Molecular Biotechnology, Turkish-German University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Larose H, Prokoph N, Matthews JD, Schlederer M, Högler S, Alsulami AF, Ducray SP, Nuglozeh E, Fazaludeen MF, Elmouna A, Ceccon M, Mologni L, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Hoefler G, Lobello C, Pospisilova S, Janikova A, Woessmann W, Welk CD, Zimmermann MT, Fedorova A, Malone A, Smith O, Wasik M, Inghirami G, Lamant L, Blundell TL, Klapper W, Merkel O, Burke GAA, Mian S, Ashankyty I, Kenner L, Turner SD. Whole Exome Sequencing reveals NOTCH1 mutations in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and points to Notch both as a key pathway and a potential therapeutic target. Haematologica 2021; 106:1693-1704. [PMID: 32327503 PMCID: PMC8168516 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.238766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) are still treated with toxic multi-agent chemotherapy and as many as 25-50% of patients relapse. To understand disease pathology and to uncover novel targets for therapy, Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)+ ALCL was performed as well as Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis. This revealed that the T-cell receptor (TCR) and Notch pathways were the most enriched in mutations. In particular, variant T349P of NOTCH1, which confers a growth advantage to cells in which it is expressed, was detected in 12% of ALK+ and ALK- ALCL patient samples. Furthermore, we demonstrate that NPM-ALK promotes NOTCH1 expression through binding of STAT3 upstream of NOTCH1. Moreover, inhibition of NOTCH1 with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) or silencing by shRNA leads to apoptosis; co-treatment in vitro with the ALK inhibitor Crizotinib led to additive/synergistic anti-tumour activity suggesting this may be an appropriate combination therapy for future use in the circumvention of ALK inhibitor resistance. Indeed, Crizotinib-resistant and sensitive ALCL were equally sensitive to GSIs. In conclusion, we show a variant in the extracellular domain of NOTCH1 that provides a growth advantage to cells and confirm the suitability of the Notch pathway as a second-line druggable target in ALK+ ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Larose
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
| | - Nina Prokoph
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
| | | | | | - Sandra Högler
- Unit of Laborator y Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ali F. Alsulami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen P. Ducray
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
| | - Edem Nuglozeh
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalised Therapeutics Unit, Colleges of Medicine and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Feroze Fazaludeen
- Neuroinflammation Research Group, Depar tment of Neurobiology, A.I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Ahmed Elmouna
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalised Therapeutics Unit, Colleges of Medicine and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Ceccon
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Cosimo Lobello
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Center of Molecular Medicine, CEITEC, Masar yk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Pospisilova
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Center of Molecular Medicine, CEITEC, Masar yk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine – Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Janikova
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Department of Internal Medicine – Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendor f, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Damm- Welk
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendor f, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mar tin Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Blood Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Fedorova
- Belarusian Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Owen Smith
- Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, Ireland
| | - Mariusz Wasik
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse, Oncopole et Universite Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Tom L. Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, UKSH Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olaf Merkel
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G. A. Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shahid Mian
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalised Therapeutics Unit, Colleges of Medicine and Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibraheem Ashankyty
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukas Kenner
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Research Initiative for ALK Related Malignancies (ERIA; www.ERIALCL.net)
- Center of Molecular Medicine, CEITEC, Masar yk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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16
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Kellman BP, Lewis NE. Big-Data Glycomics: Tools to Connect Glycan Biosynthesis to Extracellular Communication. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:284-300. [PMID: 33349503 PMCID: PMC7954846 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Characteristically, cells must sense and respond to environmental cues. Despite the importance of cell-cell communication, our understanding remains limited and often lacks glycans. Glycans decorate proteins and cell membranes at the cell-environment interface, and modulate intercellular communication, from development to pathogenesis. Providing further challenges, glycan biosynthesis and cellular behavior are co-regulating systems. Here, we discuss how glycosylation contributes to extracellular responses and signaling. We further organize approaches for disentangling the roles of glycans in multicellular interactions using newly available datasets and tools, including glycan biosynthesis models, omics datasets, and systems-level analyses. Thus, emerging tools in big data analytics and systems biology are facilitating novel insights on glycans and their relationship with multicellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Kellman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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17
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Shen W, Huang J, Wang Y. Biological Significance of NOTCH Signaling Strength. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652273. [PMID: 33842479 PMCID: PMC8033010 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved NOTCH signaling displays pleotropic functions in almost every organ system with a simple signaling axis. Different from many other signaling pathways that can be amplified via kinase cascades, NOTCH signaling does not contain any intermediate to amplify signal. Thus, NOTCH signaling can be activated at distinct signaling strength levels, disruption of which leads to various developmental disorders. Here, we reviewed mechanisms establishing different NOTCH signaling strengths, developmental processes sensitive to NOTCH signaling strength perturbation, and transcriptional regulations influenced by NOTCH signaling strength changes. We hope this could add a new layer of diversity to explain the pleotropic functions of NOTCH signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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18
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Structure, function, and pathology of protein O-glucosyltransferases. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:71. [PMID: 33436558 PMCID: PMC7803782 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein O-glucosylation is a crucial form of O-glycosylation, which involves glucose (Glc) addition to a serine residue within a consensus sequence of epidermal growth factor epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats found in several proteins, including Notch. Glc provides stability to EGF-like repeats, is required for S2 cleavage of Notch, and serves to regulate the trafficking of Notch, crumbs2, and Eyes shut proteins to the cell surface. Genetic and biochemical studies have shown a link between aberrant protein O-glucosylation and human diseases. The main players of protein O-glucosylation, protein O-glucosyltransferases (POGLUTs), use uridine diphosphate (UDP)-Glc as a substrate to modify EGF repeats and reside in the endoplasmic reticulum via C-terminal KDEL-like signals. In addition to O-glucosylation activity, POGLUTs can also perform protein O-xylosylation function, i.e., adding xylose (Xyl) from UDP-Xyl; however, both activities rely on residues of EGF repeats, active-site conformations of POGLUTs and sugar substrate concentrations in the ER. Impaired expression of POGLUTs has been associated with initiation and progression of human diseases such as limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, Dowling-Degos disease 4, acute myeloid leukemia, and hepatocytes and pancreatic dysfunction. POGLUTs have been found to alter the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), by affecting Notch or transforming growth factor-β1 signaling, and cause cell proliferation inhibition or induction depending on the particular cell types, which characterizes POGLUT's cell-dependent dual role. Except for a few downstream elements, the precise mechanisms whereby aberrant protein O-glucosylation causes diseases are largely unknown, leaving behind many questions that need to be addressed. This systemic review comprehensively covers literature to understand the O-glucosyltransferases with a focus on POGLUT1 structure and function, and their role in health and diseases. Moreover, this study also raises unanswered issues for future research in cancer biology, cell communications, muscular diseases, etc.
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19
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Pandey A, Harvey BM, Lopez MF, Ito A, Haltiwanger RS, Jafar-Nejad H. Glycosylation of Specific Notch EGF Repeats by O-Fut1 and Fringe Regulates Notch Signaling in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2020; 29:2054-2066.e6. [PMID: 31722217 PMCID: PMC6866671 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fringe glycosyltransferases differentially modulate the binding of Notch receptors to Delta/DLL versus Serrate/Jagged ligands by adding GlcNAc to O-linked fucose on Notch epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats. Although Notch has 22 O-fucosylation sites, the biologically relevant sites affecting Notch activity during animal development in vivo in the presence or absence of Fringe are not known. Using a variety of assays, we find important roles in Drosophila Notch signaling for GlcNAc-fucose-O glycans on three sites: EGF8, EGF9, and EGF12. O-Fucose monosaccharide on EGF12 (in the absence of Fringe) is essential for Delta-mediated lateral inhibition in embryos. However, wing vein development depends on the addition of GlcNAc to EGF8 and EGF12 by Fringe, with a minor contribution from EGF9. Fringe modifications of EGF8 and EGF12 together prevent Notch from cis-inhibiting Serrate, thereby promoting normal wing margin formation. Our work shows the combinatorial and context-dependent roles of GlcNAc-fucose-O glycans on these sites in Drosophila Notch-ligand interactions. POFUT1/O-Fut1 and Fringe glycosyltransferases regulate Notch signaling by adding fucose and GlcNAc, respectively, to Notch EGF repeats. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments, Pandey et al. define the critical target sites of these enzymes on Drosophila Notch and determine the distinct roles of each sugar in Notch-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pandey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Beth M Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mario F Lopez
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Atsuko Ito
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Hamed Jafar-Nejad
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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20
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Yamamoto S. Making sense out of missense mutations: Mechanistic dissection of Notch receptors through structure-function studies in Drosophila. Dev Growth Differ 2020; 62:15-34. [PMID: 31943162 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is involved in the development of almost all organ systems and is required post-developmentally to modulate tissue homeostasis. Rare variants in Notch signaling pathway genes are found in patients with rare Mendelian disorders, while unique or recurrent somatic mutations in a similar set of genes are identified in cancer. The human genome contains four genes that encode Notch receptors, NOTCH1-4, all of which are linked to genetic diseases and cancer. Although some mutations have been classified as clear loss- or gain-of-function alleles based on cellular or rodent based assay systems, the functional consequence of many variants/mutations in human Notch receptors remain unknown. In this review, I will first provide an overview of the domain structure of Notch receptors and discuss how each module is known to regulate Notch signaling activity in vivo using the Drosophila Notch receptor as an example. Next, I will introduce some interesting mutant alleles that have been isolated in the fly Notch gene over the past > 100 years of research and discuss how studies of these mutations have facilitated the understanding of Notch biology. By identifying unique alleles of the fly Notch gene through forward genetic screens, mapping their molecular lesions and characterizing their phenotypes in depth, one can begin to unravel new mechanistic insights into how different domains of Notch fine-tune signaling output. Such information can be useful in deciphering the functional consequences of rare variants/mutations in human Notch receptors, which in turn can influence disease management and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, BCM, Houston, TX, USA.,Program in Developmental Biology, BCM, Houston, TX, USA.,Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, BCM, Houston, TX, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Stupnikov MR, Yang Y, Mori M, Lu J, Cardoso WV. Jagged and Delta-like ligands control distinct events during airway progenitor cell differentiation. eLife 2019; 8:e50487. [PMID: 31631837 PMCID: PMC6887486 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling regulates cell fate selection during development in multiple organs including the lung. Previous studies on the role of Notch in the lung focused mostly on Notch pathway core components or receptor-specific functions. It is unclear, however, how Jagged or Delta-like ligands collectively or individually (Jag1, Jag2, Dll1, Dll4) influence differentiation of airway epithelial progenitors. Using mouse genetic models we show major differences in Jag and Dll in regulation and establishment of cell fate. Jag ligands had a major impact in balancing distinct cell populations in conducting airways, but had no role in the establishment of domains and cellular abundance in the neuroendocrine (NE) microenvironment. Surprisingly, Dll ligands were crucial in restricting cell fate and size of NE bodies and showed an overlapping role with Jag in differentiation of NE-associated secretory (club) cells. These mechanisms may potentially play a role in human conditions that result in aberrant NE differentiation, including NE hyperplasias and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Stupnikov
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ying Yang
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jining Lu
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human DevelopmentDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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22
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Overview of the role of kinetoplastid surface carbohydrates in infection and host cell invasion: prospects for therapeutic intervention. Parasitology 2019; 146:1743-1754. [PMID: 31603063 PMCID: PMC6939169 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019001355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kinetoplastid parasites are responsible for serious diseases in humans and livestock such as Chagas disease and sleeping sickness (caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, respectively), and the different forms of cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (produced by Leishmania spp). The limited number of antiparasitic drugs available together with the emergence of resistance underscores the need for new therapeutic agents with novel mechanisms of action. The use of agents binding to surface glycans has been recently suggested as a new approach to antitrypanosomal design and a series of peptidic and non-peptidic carbohydrate-binding agents have been identified as antiparasitics showing efficacy in animal models of sleeping sickness. Here we provide an overview of the nature of surface glycans in three kinetoplastid parasites, T. cruzi, T. brucei and Leishmania. Their role in virulence and host cell invasion is highlighted with the aim of identifying specific glycan-lectin interactions and carbohydrate functions that may be the target of novel carbohydrate-binding agents with therapeutic applications.
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23
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Keeley TS, Yang S, Lau E. The Diverse Contributions of Fucose Linkages in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1241. [PMID: 31450600 PMCID: PMC6769556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is a post-translational modification of glycans, proteins, and lipids that is responsible for many biological processes. Fucose conjugation via α(1,2), α(1,3), α(1,4), α(1,6), and O'- linkages to glycans, and variations in fucosylation linkages, has important implications for cancer biology. This review focuses on the roles that fucosylation plays in cancer, specifically through modulation of cell surface proteins and signaling pathways. How L-fucose and serum fucosylation patterns might be used for future clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Keeley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Eric Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.
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McMillan BJ, Zimmerman B, Egan ED, Lofgren M, Xu X, Hesser A, Blacklow SC. Structure of human POFUT1, its requirement in ligand-independent oncogenic Notch signaling, and functional effects of Dowling-Degos mutations. Glycobiology 2018; 27:777-786. [PMID: 28334865 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-fucosyltransferase-1 (POFUT1), which transfers fucose residues to acceptor sites on serine and threonine residues of epidermal growth factor-like repeats of recipient proteins, is essential for Notch signal transduction in mammals. Here, we examine the consequences of POFUT1 loss on the oncogenic signaling associated with certain leukemia-associated mutations of human Notch1, report the structures of human POFUT1 in free and GDP-fucose bound states, and assess the effects of Dowling-Degos mutations on human POFUT1 function. CRISPR-mediated knockout of POFUT1 in U2OS cells suppresses both normal Notch1 signaling, and the ligand-independent signaling associated with leukemogenic mutations of Notch1. Normal and oncogenic signaling are rescued by wild-type POFUT1 but rescue is impaired by an active-site R240A mutation. The overall structure of the human enzyme closely resembles that of the Caenorhabditis elegans protein, with an overall backbone RMSD of 0.93 Å, despite primary sequence identity of only 39% in the mature protein. GDP-fucose binding to the human enzyme induces limited backbone conformational movement, though the side chains of R43 and D244 reorient to make direct contact with the fucose moiety in the complex. The reported Dowling-Degos mutations of POFUT1, except for M262T, fail to rescue Notch1 signaling efficiently in the CRISPR-engineered POFUT1-/- background. Together, these studies identify POFUT1 as a potential target for cancers driven by Notch1 mutations and provide a structural roadmap for its inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J McMillan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brandon Zimmerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emily D Egan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Lofgren
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anthony Hesser
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen C Blacklow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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25
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Jia L, Zhang J, Ma T, Guo Y, Yu Y, Cui J. The Function of Fucosylation in Progression of Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:565. [PMID: 30619732 PMCID: PMC6296341 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease that influences human health and has become a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. However, it is frequently diagnosed at the advanced stage. It is necessary by means of biology to identify specific lung tumor biomarkers with high sensitivity. Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications and is related to many different diseases. It is involved in numerous essential biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell-cell integrity and recognition, and immune modulation. However, little was known about deregulation of glycosylation in lung cancer and contribution to tumor–microenvironment interactions. Among the numerous glycosylations, fucosylation is the most common modification of glycoproteins and glycosylated oligosaccharides. Increased levels of fucosylation have been detected in various pathological conditions, as well as in lung cancer. In this article, we reviewed the role of fucosylation in lung cancer. We highlighted some of the fucosylation alterations currently being pursued in sera or tissues of lung cancer patients. Moreover, we elaborated on the regulation mechanism of fucosylation in proliferative invasion and metastasis of lung tumor cells. In summary, alterations in fucosylation provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianran Ma
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yayuan Guo
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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26
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Varshney S, Stanley P. Multiple roles for O-glycans in Notch signalling. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3819-3834. [PMID: 30207383 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Notch signalling regulates a plethora of developmental processes and is also essential for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in adults. Therefore, fine-tuning of Notch signalling strength needs to be tightly regulated. Of key importance for the regulation of Notch signalling are O-fucose, O-GlcNAc and O-glucose glycans attached to the extracellular domain of Notch receptors. The EGF repeats of the Notch receptor extracellular domain harbour consensus sites for addition of the different types of O-glycan to Ser or Thr, which takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum. Studies from Drosophila to mammals have demonstrated the multifaceted roles of O-glycosylation in regulating Notch signalling. O-glycosylation modulates different aspects of Notch signalling including recognition by Notch ligands, the strength of ligand binding, Notch receptor trafficking, stability and activation at the cell surface. Defects in O-glycosylation of Notch receptors give rise to pathologies in humans. This Review summarizes the nature of the O-glycans on Notch receptors and their differential effects on Notch signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Varshney
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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27
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Arruga F, Vaisitti T, Deaglio S. The NOTCH Pathway and Its Mutations in Mature B Cell Malignancies. Front Oncol 2018; 8:550. [PMID: 30534535 PMCID: PMC6275466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic application of next-generation sequencing to large cohorts of oncologic samples has opened a Pandora's box full of known and novel genetic lesions implicated in different steps of cancer development and progression. Narrowing down to B cell malignancies, many previously unrecognized genes emerged as recurrently mutated. The challenge now is to determine how the mutation in a given gene affects the biology of the disease, paving the way to functional genomics studies. Mutations in NOTCH family members are shared by several disorders of the B series, even if with variable frequencies and mutational patterns. In silico predictions, revealed that mutations occurring in NOTCH receptors, despite being qualitatively different, may have similar effects on protein processing, ultimately leading to enhanced pathway activation. The discovery of mutations occurring also in downstream players, either potentiating positive signals or compromising negative regulators, indicates that multiple mechanisms in neoplastic B cells concur to activate NOTCH pathway. These findings are supported by results obtained in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and splenic marginal zone B cell lymphoma where deregulation of NOTCH signaling has been functionally characterized. The emerging picture confirms that NOTCH signaling is finely tuned in cell- and microenvironment-dependent ways. In B cell malignancies, it contributes to the regulation of proliferation, survival and migration. However, deeper biological studies are needed to pinpoint the contribution of NOTCH in the hierarchy of events driving B cells transformation, keeping in mind its role in normal B cells development. Because of its relevance in leukemia and lymphoma biology, the NOTCH pathway might represent an appealing therapeutic target: the next few years will tell whether this potential will be fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arruga
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vaisitti
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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28
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Pandey A, Li-Kroeger D, Sethi MK, Lee TV, Buettner FFR, Bakker H, Jafar-Nejad H. Sensitized genetic backgrounds reveal differential roles for EGF repeat xylosyltransferases in Drosophila Notch signaling. Glycobiology 2018; 28:849-859. [PMID: 30169771 PMCID: PMC6454539 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, glycosylation regulates various developmental signaling pathways including the Notch pathway. One of the O-linked glycans added to epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats in animal proteins including the Notch receptors is the xylose-xylose-glucose-O oligosaccharide. Drosophila glucoside xylosyltransferase (Gxylt) Shams negatively regulates Notch signaling in specific contexts. Since Shams adds the first xylose residue to O-glucose, its loss-of-function phenotype could be due to the loss of the first xylose, the second xylose or both. To examine the contribution of the second xylose residues to Drosophila Notch signaling, we have performed biochemical and genetic analysis on CG11388, which is the Drosophila homolog of human xyloside xylosyltransferase 1 (XXYLT1). Experiments in S2 cells indicated that similar to human XXYLT1, CG11388 can add the second xylose to xylose-glucose-O glycans. Flies lacking both copies of CG11388 (Xxylt) are viable and fertile and do not show gross phenotypes indicative of altered Notch signaling. However, genetic interaction experiments show that in sensitized genetic backgrounds with decreased or increased Notch pathway components, loss of Xxylt promotes Delta-mediated activation of Notch. Unexpectedly, we find that in such sensitized backgrounds, even loss of one copy of the fly Gxylt shams enhances Delta-mediated Notch activation. Taken together, these data indicate that while the first xylose plays a key role in tuning the Delta-mediated Notch signaling in Drosophila, the second xylose has a fine-tuning role only revealed in sensitized genetic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pandey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Li-Kroeger
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maya K Sethi
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tom V Lee
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Falk FR Buettner
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Bakker
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hamed Jafar-Nejad
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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29
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Two novel protein O-glucosyltransferases that modify sites distinct from POGLUT1 and affect Notch trafficking and signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8395-E8402. [PMID: 30127001 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804005115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch-signaling pathway is normally activated by Notch-ligand interactions. A recent structural analysis suggested that a novel O-linked hexose modification on serine 435 of the mammalian NOTCH1 core ligand-binding domain lies at the interface with its ligands. This serine occurs between conserved cysteines 3 and 4 of Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF) repeat 11 of NOTCH1, a site distinct from those modified by protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 (POGLUT1), suggesting that a different enzyme is responsible. Here, we identify two novel protein O-glucosyltransferases, POGLUT2 and POGLUT3 (formerly KDELC1 and KDELC2, respectively), which transfer O-glucose (O-Glc) from UDP-Glc to serine 435. Mass spectrometric analysis of NOTCH1 produced in HEK293T cells lacking POGLUT2, POGLUT3, or both genes showed that either POGLUT2 or POGLUT3 can add this novel O-Glc modification. EGF11 of NOTCH2 does not have a serine residue in the same location for this O-glucosylation, but EGF10 of NOTCH3 (homologous to EGF11 in NOTCH1 and -2) is also modified at the same position. Comparison of the sites suggests a consensus sequence for modification. In vitro assays with POGLUT2 and POGLUT3 showed that both enzymes modified only properly folded EGF repeats and displayed distinct acceptor specificities toward NOTCH1 EGF11 and NOTCH3 EGF10. Mutation of the O-Glc modification site on EGF11 (serine 435) in combination with sensitizing O-fucose mutations in EGF8 or EGF12 affected cell-surface presentation of NOTCH1 or reduced activation of NOTCH1 by Delta-like1, respectively. This study identifies a previously undescribed mechanism for fine-tuning the Notch-signaling pathway in mammals.
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30
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Glycans and glycosaminoglycans in neurobiology: key regulators of neuronal cell function and fate. Biochem J 2018; 475:2511-2545. [PMID: 30115748 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the roles of l-fucose and the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) with selected functional molecules in neural tissues. Cell surface glycans and GAGs have evolved over millions of years to become cellular mediators which regulate fundamental aspects of cellular survival. The glycocalyx, which surrounds all cells, actuates responses to growth factors, cytokines and morphogens at the cellular boundary, silencing or activating downstream signaling pathways and gene expression. In this review, we have focused on interactions mediated by l-fucose, KS and CS/DS in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Fucose makes critical contributions in the area of molecular recognition and information transfer in the blood group substances, cytotoxic immunoglobulins, cell fate-mediated Notch-1 interactions, regulation of selectin-mediated neutrophil extravasation in innate immunity and CD-34-mediated new blood vessel development, and the targeting of neuroprogenitor cells to damaged neural tissue. Fucosylated glycoproteins regulate delivery of synaptic neurotransmitters and neural function. Neural KS proteoglycans (PGs) were examined in terms of cellular regulation and their interactive properties with neuroregulatory molecules. The paradoxical properties of CS/DS isomers decorating matrix and transmembrane PGs and the positive and negative regulatory cues they provide to neurons are also discussed.
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31
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Manic Fringe deficiency imposes Jagged1 addiction to intestinal tumor cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2992. [PMID: 30065304 PMCID: PMC6068201 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta ligands regulate Notch signaling in normal intestinal stem cells, while Jagged1 activates Notch in intestinal adenomas carrying active β-catenin. We used the ApcMin/+ mouse model, tumor spheroid cultures, and patient-derived orthoxenografts to address this divergent ligand-dependent Notch function and its implication in disease. We found that intestinal-specific Jag1 deletion or antibody targeting Jag1 prevents tumor initiation in mice. Addiction to Jag1 is concomitant with the absence of Manic Fringe (MFNG) in adenoma cells, and its ectopic expression reverts Jag1 dependence. In 239 human colorectal cancer patient samples, MFNG imposes a negative correlation between Jag1 and Notch, being high Jag1 in the absence of MFNG predictive of poor prognosis. Jag1 antibody treatment reduces patient-derived tumor orthoxenograft growth without affecting normal intestinal mucosa. Our data provide an explanation to Jag1 dependence in cancer, and reveal that Jag1-Notch1 interference provides therapeutic benefit in a subset of colorectal cancer and FAP syndrome patients.
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32
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de Vreede G, Morrison HA, Houser AM, Boileau RM, Andersen D, Colombani J, Bilder D. A Drosophila Tumor Suppressor Gene Prevents Tonic TNF Signaling through Receptor N-Glycosylation. Dev Cell 2018; 45:595-605.e4. [PMID: 29870719 PMCID: PMC5995582 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila tumor suppressor genes have revealed molecular pathways that control tissue growth, but mechanisms that regulate mitogenic signaling are far from understood. Here we report that the Drosophila TSG tumorous imaginal discs (tid), whose phenotypes were previously attributed to mutations in a DnaJ-like chaperone, are in fact driven by the loss of the N-linked glycosylation pathway component ALG3. tid/alg3 imaginal discs display tissue growth and architecture defects that share characteristics of both neoplastic and hyperplastic mutants. Tumorous growth is driven by inhibited Hippo signaling, induced by excess Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity. We show that ectopic JNK activation is caused by aberrant glycosylation of a single protein, the fly tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor homolog, which results in increased binding to the continually circulating TNF. Our results suggest that N-linked glycosylation sets the threshold of TNF receptor signaling by modifying ligand-receptor interactions and that cells may alter this modification to respond appropriately to physiological cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert de Vreede
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Holly A Morrison
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alexandra M Houser
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ryan M Boileau
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ditte Andersen
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice 06108, France
| | - Julien Colombani
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice 06108, France
| | - David Bilder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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33
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Pélisse M, Der Vartanian A, Germot A, Maftah A. Protein O-Glucosyltransferase 1 Expression Influences Formation of Differentiated Myotubes in C2C12 Cell Line. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:359-372. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.4052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Pélisse
- Université de Limoges, INRA, UMR1061 Génétique Moléculaire Animale, FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Audrey Der Vartanian
- Université de Limoges, INRA, UMR1061 Génétique Moléculaire Animale, FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, IMRB U955-E10, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Agnès Germot
- Université de Limoges, INRA, UMR1061 Génétique Moléculaire Animale, FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Abderrahman Maftah
- Université de Limoges, INRA, UMR1061 Génétique Moléculaire Animale, FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France
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34
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Rouhanifard SH, Lopez Aguilar A, Meng L, Moremen KW, Wu P. Engineered Glycocalyx Regulates Stem Cell Proliferation in Murine Crypt Organoids. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:439-446.e5. [PMID: 29429899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
At the base of the intestinal crypt, long-lived Lgr5+ stem cells are intercalated by Paneth cells that provide essential niche signals for stem cell maintenance. This unique epithelial anatomy makes the intestinal crypt one of the most accessible models for the study of adult stem cell biology. The glycosylation patterns of this compartment are poorly characterized, and the impact of glycans on stem cell differentiation remains largely unexplored. We find that Paneth cells, but not Lgr5+ stem cells, express abundant terminal N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc). Employing an enzymatic method to edit glycans in cultured crypt organoids, we assess the functional role of LacNAc in the intestinal crypt. We discover that blocking access to LacNAc on Paneth cells leads to hyperproliferation of the neighboring Lgr5+ stem cells, which is accompanied by the downregulation of genes that are known as negative regulators of proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara H Rouhanifard
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Aime Lopez Aguilar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lu Meng
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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35
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Salazar JL, Yamamoto S. Integration of Drosophila and Human Genetics to Understand Notch Signaling Related Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1066:141-185. [PMID: 30030826 PMCID: PMC6233323 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling research dates back to more than one hundred years, beginning with the identification of the Notch mutant in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Since then, research on Notch and related genes in flies has laid the foundation of what we now know as the Notch signaling pathway. In the 1990s, basic biological and biochemical studies of Notch signaling components in mammalian systems, as well as identification of rare mutations in Notch signaling pathway genes in human patients with rare Mendelian diseases or cancer, increased the significance of this pathway in human biology and medicine. In the 21st century, Drosophila and other genetic model organisms continue to play a leading role in understanding basic Notch biology. Furthermore, these model organisms can be used in a translational manner to study underlying mechanisms of Notch-related human diseases and to investigate the function of novel disease associated genes and variants. In this chapter, we first briefly review the major contributions of Drosophila to Notch signaling research, discussing the similarities and differences between the fly and human pathways. Next, we introduce several biological contexts in Drosophila in which Notch signaling has been extensively characterized. Finally, we discuss a number of genetic diseases caused by mutations in genes in the Notch signaling pathway in humans and we expand on how Drosophila can be used to study rare genetic variants associated with these and novel disorders. By combining modern genomics and state-of-the art technologies, Drosophila research is continuing to reveal exciting biology that sheds light onto mechanisms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Salazar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX, USA.
- Program in Developmental Biology, BCM, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, BCM, Houston, TX, USA.
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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37
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Kizuka Y, Funayama S, Shogomori H, Nakano M, Nakajima K, Oka R, Kitazume S, Yamaguchi Y, Sano M, Korekane H, Hsu TL, Lee HY, Wong CH, Taniguchi N. High-Sensitivity and Low-Toxicity Fucose Probe for Glycan Imaging and Biomarker Discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 23:782-792. [PMID: 27447047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fucose, a terminal sugar in glycoconjugates, critically regulates various physiological and pathological phenomena, including cancer development and inflammation. However, there are currently no probes for efficient labeling and detection of this sugar. We chemically synthesized a novel series of alkynyl-fucose analogs as probe candidates and found that 7-alkynyl-fucose gave the highest labeling efficiency and low cytotoxicity. Among the fucose analogs, 7-alkynyl-fucose was the best substrate against all five fucosyltransferases examined. We confirmed its conversion to the corresponding guanosine diphosphate derivative in cells and found that cellular glycoproteins were labeled much more efficiently with 7-alkynyl-fucose than with an existing probe. 7-Alkynyl-fucose was detected in the N-glycan core by mass spectrometry, and 7-alkynyl-fucose-modified proteins mostly disappeared in core-fucose-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, suggesting that this analog mainly labeled core fucose in these cells. These results indicate that 7-alkynyl-fucose is a highly sensitive and powerful tool for basic glycobiology research and clinical application for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Sho Funayama
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Shogomori
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; Molecular Membrane Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Oka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitazume
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sano
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Korekane
- Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yu Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Disease Glycomics (Seikagaku Corporation), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
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38
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Ajima R, Suzuki E, Saga Y. Pofut1 point-mutations that disrupt O-fucosyltransferase activity destabilize the protein and abolish Notch1 signaling during mouse somitogenesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187248. [PMID: 29095923 PMCID: PMC5667770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The segmental pattern of the vertebrate body is established via the periodic formation of somites from the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). This periodical process is controlled by the cyclic and synchronized activation of Notch signaling in the PSM. Protein O-fucosyltransferase1 (Pofut1), which transfers O-fucose to the EGF domains of the Notch1 receptor, is indispensable for Notch signaling activation. The Drosophila homologue Ofut1 was reported to control Notch localization via two different mechanisms, working as a chaperone for Notch or as a regulator of Notch endocytosis. However, these were found to be independent of O-fucosyltransferase activity because the phenotypes were rescued by Ofut1 mutants lacking O-fucosyltransferase activity. Pofut1 may also be involved in the Notch receptor localization in mice. However, the contribution of enzymatic activity of Pofut1 to the Notch receptor dynamics remains to be elucidated. In order to clarify the importance of the O-fucosyltransferase activity of Pofut1 for Notch signaling activation and the protein localization in the PSM, we established mice carrying point mutations at the 245th a.a. or 370-372th a.a., highly conserved amino-acid sequences whose mutations disrupt the O-fucosyltransferase activity of both Drosophila Ofut1 and mammalian Pofut1, with the CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome-engineering technique. Both mutants displayed the same severely perturbed somite formation and Notch1 subcellular localization defects as the Pofut1 null mutants. In the mutants, Pofut1 protein, but not RNA, became undetectable by E9.5. Furthermore, both wild-type and mutant Pofut1 proteins were degraded through lysosome dependent machinery. Pofut1 protein loss in the point mutant embryos caused the same phenotypes as those observed in Pofut1 null embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Ajima
- Mammalian Development Laboratory, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Mouse Research Supporting Unit, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (RA); (YS)
| | - Emiko Suzuki
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Gene Network Laboratory, Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Mammalian Development Laboratory, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Mouse Research Supporting Unit, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (RA); (YS)
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39
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Sawaguchi S, Ogawa M, Okajima T. Protocol for Notch-ligand Binding Assays Using Dynabeads. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2582. [PMID: 34595264 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol describes how to measure interaction between Notch receptors and their ligands by cell-based assay using Dynabeads. We have used the protocol to determine binding capacity between Notch1-transfected HEK293T cells and ligand-coated Dynabeads. Expression of Eogt in Notch1-expressing cells promoted binding toward DLL4-coated beads, but not JAG1-coated beads. The Notch-ligand assay using Dynabeads suggested that Eogt facilitates DLL4-Notch1 interaction ( Sawaguchi et al., 2017 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sawaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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40
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The Canonical Notch Signaling Pathway: Structural and Biochemical Insights into Shape, Sugar, and Force. Dev Cell 2017; 41:228-241. [PMID: 28486129 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway relies on a proteolytic cascade to release its transcriptionally active intracellular domain, on force to unfold a protective domain and permit proteolysis, on extracellular domain glycosylation to tune the forces exerted by endocytosed ligands, and on a motley crew of nuclear proteins, chromatin modifiers, ubiquitin ligases, and a few kinases to regulate activity and half-life. Herein we provide a review of recent molecular insights into how Notch signals are triggered and how cell shape affects these events, and we use the new insights to illuminate a few perplexing observations.
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41
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Wang Y, Wu B, Lu P, Zhang D, Wu B, Varshney S, Del Monte-Nieto G, Zhuang Z, Charafeddine R, Kramer AH, Sibinga NE, Frangogiannis NG, Kitsis RN, Adams RH, Alitalo K, Sharp DJ, Harvey RP, Stanley P, Zhou B. Uncontrolled angiogenic precursor expansion causes coronary artery anomalies in mice lacking Pofut1. Nat Commun 2017; 8:578. [PMID: 28924218 PMCID: PMC5603578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery anomalies may cause life-threatening cardiac complications; however, developmental mechanisms underpinning coronary artery formation remain ill-defined. Here we identify an angiogenic cell population for coronary artery formation in mice. Regulated by a DLL4/NOTCH1/VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling axis, these angiogenic cells generate mature coronary arteries. The NOTCH modulator POFUT1 critically regulates this signaling axis. POFUT1 inactivation disrupts signaling events and results in excessive angiogenic cell proliferation and plexus formation, leading to anomalous coronary arteries, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Simultaneous VEGFR2 inactivation fully rescues these defects. These findings show that dysregulated angiogenic precursors link coronary anomalies to ischemic heart disease.Though coronary arteries are crucial for heart function, the mechanisms guiding their formation are largely unknown. Here, Wang et al. identify a unique, endocardially-derived angiogenic precursor cell population for coronary artery formation in mice and show that a DLL4/NOTCH1/VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling axis is key for coronary artery development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Wang
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Bingruo Wu
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Pengfei Lu
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Brian Wu
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Shweta Varshney
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhenwu Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
| | - Rabab Charafeddine
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Adam H Kramer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Nicolas E Sibinga
- Departments of Medicine, Developmental and Molecular Biology, Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David J Sharp
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA. .,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
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42
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Semerci F, Choi WTS, Bajic A, Thakkar A, Encinas JM, Depreux F, Segil N, Groves AK, Maletic-Savatic M. Lunatic fringe-mediated Notch signaling regulates adult hippocampal neural stem cell maintenance. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28699891 PMCID: PMC5531831 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) integrate inputs from multiple sources to balance quiescence and activation. Notch signaling plays a key role during this process. Here, we report that Lunatic fringe (Lfng), a key modifier of the Notch receptor, is selectively expressed in NSCs. Further, Lfng in NSCs and Notch ligands Delta1 and Jagged1, expressed by their progeny, together influence NSC recruitment, cell cycle duration, and terminal fate. We propose a new model in which Lfng-mediated Notch signaling enables direct communication between a NSC and its descendants, so that progeny can send feedback signals to the ‘mother’ cell to modify its cell cycle status. Lfng-mediated Notch signaling appears to be a key factor governing NSC quiescence, division, and fate. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24660.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Semerci
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - William Tin-Shing Choi
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Aleksandar Bajic
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Aarohi Thakkar
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Juan Manuel Encinas
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Ikerbasque, The Basque Science Foundation, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Frederic Depreux
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, United States
| | - Neil Segil
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States.,Caruso Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Andrew K Groves
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Mirjana Maletic-Savatic
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
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43
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Recognition of EGF-like domains by the Notch-modifying O-fucosyltransferase POFUT1. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:757-763. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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44
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EOGT and O-GlcNAc on secreted and membrane proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:401-408. [PMID: 28408480 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe a recently discovered O-GlcNAc transferase termed EOGT for EGF domain-specific O-GlcNAc transferase. EOGT transfers GlcNAc (N-acetylglucosamine) to Ser or Thr in secreted and membrane proteins that contain one or more epidermal growth factor-like repeats with a specific consensus sequence. Thus, EOGT is distinct from OGT, the O-GlcNAc transferase, that transfers GlcNAc to Ser/Thr in proteins of the cytoplasm or nucleus. EOGT and OGT are in separate cellular compartments and have mostly distinct substrates, although both can act on cytoplasmic (OGT) and lumenal (EOGT) domains of transmembrane proteins. The present review will describe known substrates of EOGT and biological roles for EOGT in Drosophila and humans. Mutations in EOGT that give rise to Adams-Oliver Syndrome in humans will also be discussed.
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45
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Sawaguchi S, Varshney S, Ogawa M, Sakaidani Y, Yagi H, Takeshita K, Murohara T, Kato K, Sundaram S, Stanley P, Okajima T. O-GlcNAc on NOTCH1 EGF repeats regulates ligand-induced Notch signaling and vascular development in mammals. eLife 2017; 6:e24419. [PMID: 28395734 PMCID: PMC5388531 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosyltransferase EOGT transfers O-GlcNAc to a consensus site in epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats of a limited number of secreted and membrane proteins, including Notch receptors. In EOGT-deficient cells, the binding of DLL1 and DLL4, but not JAG1, canonical Notch ligands was reduced, and ligand-induced Notch signaling was impaired. Mutagenesis of O-GlcNAc sites on NOTCH1 also resulted in decreased binding of DLL4. EOGT functions were investigated in retinal angiogenesis that depends on Notch signaling. Global or endothelial cell-specific deletion of Eogt resulted in defective retinal angiogenesis, with a mild phenotype similar to that caused by reduced Notch signaling in retina. Combined deficiency of different Notch1 mutant alleles exacerbated the abnormalities in Eogt-/- retina, and Notch target gene expression was decreased in Eogt-/-endothelial cells. Thus, O-GlcNAc on EGF repeats of Notch receptors mediates ligand-induced Notch signaling required in endothelial cells for optimal vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shweta Varshney
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakaidani
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Subha Sundaram
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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46
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Lee TV, Pandey A, Jafar-Nejad H. Xylosylation of the Notch receptor preserves the balance between its activation by trans-Delta and inhibition by cis-ligands in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006723. [PMID: 28394891 PMCID: PMC5402982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila glucoside xylosyltransferase Shams xylosylates Notch and inhibits Notch signaling in specific contexts including wing vein development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying context-specificity of the shams phenotype is not known. Considering the role of Delta-Notch signaling in wing vein formation, we hypothesized that Shams might affect Delta-mediated Notch signaling in Drosophila. Using genetic interaction studies, we find that altering the gene dosage of Delta affects the wing vein and head bristle phenotypes caused by loss of Shams or by mutations in the Notch xylosylation sites. Clonal analysis suggests that loss of shams promotes Delta-mediated Notch activation. Further, Notch trans-activation by ectopically overexpressed Delta shows a dramatic increase upon loss of shams. In agreement with the above in vivo observations, cell aggregation and ligand-receptor binding assays show that shams knock-down in Notch-expressing cells enhances the binding between Notch and trans-Delta without affecting the binding between Notch and trans-Serrate and cell surface levels of Notch. Loss of Shams does not impair the cis-inhibition of Notch by ectopic overexpression of ligands in vivo or the interaction of Notch and cis-ligands in S2 cells. Nevertheless, removing one copy of endogenous ligands mimics the effects of loss shams on Notch trans-activation by ectopic Delta. This favors the notion that trans-activation of Notch by Delta overcomes the cis-inhibition of Notch by endogenous ligands upon loss of shams. Taken together, our data suggest that xylosylation selectively impedes the binding of Notch with trans-Delta without affecting its binding with cis-ligands and thereby assists in determining the balance of Notch receptor’s response to cis-ligands vs. trans-Delta during Drosophila development. One of the key mechanisms used by neighboring cells to communicate with each other in animals is signaling through an evolutionarily conserved receptor family called Notch. Binding of Notch to ligands of the Delta/DLL and Serrate/JAG families from neighboring cells leads to activation of the signaling pathway and is called trans-activation. In contrast, interaction of Notch with ligands expressed in the same cell has an inhibitory effect on signaling and is known as cis-inhibition. The balance between trans- and cis- interactions ensures optimum Notch signaling in some contexts during animal development. We have used the model organism Drosophila (fruit fly) to decipher the mechanism through which a carbohydrate residue, xylose, regulates Notch signaling in specific contexts. We provide evidence that addition of xylose residues to the Notch receptor decreases its interaction with trans-Delta ligand without affecting its interaction with cis-ligands. Thereby, xylose tunes the Notch pathway by modulating the balance between Notch trans-activation by Delta and Notch cis-inhibition by same-cell ligands. Misregulation of Notch signaling causes a number of human diseases including cancer and developmental disorders. Therefore, understanding the role of xylosylation in Notch signaling can potentially establish a new framework for therapeutic targeting of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom V. Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hamed Jafar-Nejad
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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47
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Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionary conserved signaling pathway that plays an indispensable role during development, and in the maintenance of homeostatic processes, in a wide variety of tissues (Kopan, 2012; Hori et al., 2013). The multifaceted roles of Notch signaling are stringently regulated at different levels. One of the most important aspects of regulation is the binding of different Notch ligands to each Notch receptor (NOTCH1-NOTCH4). Canonical ligands Delta or Serrate (in Drosophila), and Delta-like (DLL1 and DLL4) or Jagged (JAG1 and JAG2) (in mammals), are transmembrane glycoproteins. Ligands expressed on one cell bind to Notch receptors on an adjacent cell to induce Notch signaling. Glycosylation of Notch receptor extracellular domain by O-fucose and O-GlcNAc glycans is well established as critical regulators for Notch signaling strength (Stanley and Okajima, 2010; Haltom and Jafar-Nejad, 2015; Sawaguchi et al., 2017). In order to characterize Notch ligand binding to Notch receptors in isolated cells, we utilize Notch ligand extracellular domains tagged at the C-terminus by a human Fc domain, and determine binding of fluorescent anti-Fc antibody by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Varshney
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
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48
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Servián-Morilla E, Takeuchi H, Lee TV, Clarimon J, Mavillard F, Area-Gómez E, Rivas E, Nieto-González JL, Rivero MC, Cabrera-Serrano M, Gómez-Sánchez L, Martínez-López JA, Estrada B, Márquez C, Morgado Y, Suárez-Calvet X, Pita G, Bigot A, Gallardo E, Fernández-Chacón R, Hirano M, Haltiwanger RS, Jafar-Nejad H, Paradas C. A POGLUT1 mutation causes a muscular dystrophy with reduced Notch signaling and satellite cell loss. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:1289-1309. [PMID: 27807076 PMCID: PMC5090660 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration by muscle satellite cells is a physiological mechanism activated upon muscle damage and regulated by Notch signaling. In a family with autosomal recessive limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy, we identified a missense mutation in POGLUT1 (protein O‐glucosyltransferase 1), an enzyme involved in Notch posttranslational modification and function. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the mutation reduces O‐glucosyltransferase activity on Notch and impairs muscle development. Muscles from patients revealed decreased Notch signaling, dramatic reduction in satellite cell pool and a muscle‐specific α‐dystroglycan hypoglycosylation not present in patients' fibroblasts. Primary myoblasts from patients showed slow proliferation, facilitated differentiation, and a decreased pool of quiescent PAX7+ cells. A robust rescue of the myogenesis was demonstrated by increasing Notch signaling. None of these alterations were found in muscles from secondary dystroglycanopathy patients. These data suggest that a key pathomechanism for this novel form of muscular dystrophy is Notch‐dependent loss of satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Servián-Morilla
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Tom V Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Memory Unit, Department of Neurology and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabiola Mavillard
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Estela Area-Gómez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eloy Rivas
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose L Nieto-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria C Rivero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Macarena Cabrera-Serrano
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Gómez-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose A Martínez-López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Beatriz Estrada
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Celedonio Márquez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Laboratori de Malalties Neuromusculars, Institut de Recerca de HSCSP, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Bigot
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Laboratori de Malalties Neuromusculars, Institut de Recerca de HSCSP, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Chacón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Hamed Jafar-Nejad
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Paradas
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Pei W, Huang SC, Xu L, Pettie K, Ceci ML, Sánchez M, Allende ML, Burgess SM. Loss of Mgat5a-mediated N-glycosylation stimulates regeneration in zebrafish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 5:3. [PMID: 27795824 PMCID: PMC5072312 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-016-0031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background We are using genetics to identify genes specifically involved in hearing regeneration. In a large-scale genetic screening, we identified mgat5a, a gene in the N-glycosylation biosynthesis pathway whose activity negatively impacts hair cell regeneration. Methods We used a combination of mutant analysis in zebrafish and a hair cell regeneration assay to phenotype the loss of Mgat5a activity in zebrafish. We used pharmacological inhibition of N-glycosylation by swansonine. We also used over-expression analysis by mRNA injections to demonstrate how changes in N-glycosylation can alter cell signaling. Results We found that mgat5a was expressed in multiple tissues during zebrafish embryo development, particularly enriched in neural tissues including the brain, retina, and lateral line neuromasts. An mgat5a insertional mutation and a CRISPR/Cas9-generated truncation mutation both caused an enhancement of hair cell regeneration which could be phenocopied by pharmacological inhibition with swansonine. In addition to hair cell regeneration, inhibition of the N-glycosylation pathway also enhanced the regeneration of lateral line axon and caudal fins. Further analysis showed that N-glycosylation altered the responsiveness of TGF-beta signaling. Conclusions The findings from this study provide experimental evidence for the involvement of N-glycosylation in tissue regeneration and cell signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13619-016-0031-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhong Pei
- Functional and Translation Genome Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 5537, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Sunny C Huang
- Functional and Translation Genome Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 5537, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Lisha Xu
- Functional and Translation Genome Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 5537, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Kade Pettie
- Functional and Translation Genome Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 5537, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - María Laura Ceci
- Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Sánchez
- Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel L Allende
- Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shawn M Burgess
- Functional and Translation Genome Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 50, Room 5537, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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50
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Figueiredo M, Silva JC, Santos AS, Proa V, Alcobia I, Zilhão R, Cidadão A, Neves H. Notch and Hedgehog in the thymus/parathyroid common primordium: Crosstalk in organ formation. Dev Biol 2016; 418:268-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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