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Sharabi M, Agron R, Dolev A, Haj-Ali R, Yassin M. Predictive Refined Computational Modeling of ACL Tear Injury Patterns. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:413. [PMID: 38790281 PMCID: PMC11118060 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are prevalent knee injuries, with approximately 200,000 ruptures annually, and treatment costs exceed USD two billion in the United States alone. Typically, the initial detection of ACL tears and anterior tibial laxity (ATL) involves manual assessments like the Lachman test, which examines anterior knee laxity. Partial ACL tears can go unnoticed if they minimally affect knee laxity; however, they will progress to a complete ACL tear requiring surgical treatment. In this study, a computational finite element model (FEM) of the knee joint was generated to investigate the effect of partial ACL tears under the Lachman test (GNRB® testing system) boundary conditions. The ACL was modeled as a hyperelastic composite structure with a refined representation of collagen bundles. Five different tear types (I-V), classified by location and size, were modeled to predict the relationship between tear size, location, and anterior tibial translation (ATT). The results demonstrated different levels of ATT that could not be manually detected. Type I tears demonstrated an almost linear increase in ATT, with the growth in tear size ranging from 3.7 mm to 4.2 mm, from 25% to 85%, respectively. Type II partial tears showed a less linear incline in ATT (3.85, 4.1, and 4.75 mm for 25%, 55%, and 85% partial tears, respectively). Types III, IV, and V maintained a nonlinear trend, with ATTs of 3.85 mm, 4.2 mm, and 4.95 mm for Type III, 3.85 mm, 4.25 mm, and 5.1 mm for Type IV, and 3.6 mm, 4.25 mm, and 5.3 mm for Type V, for 25%, 55%, and 85% partial tears, respectively. Therefore, for small tears (25%), knee stability was most affected when the tears were located around the center of the ligament. For moderate tears (55%), the effect on knee stability was the greatest for tears at the proximal half of the ACL. However, severe tears (85%) demonstrated considerable growth in knee instability from the distal to the proximal ends of the tissue, with a substantial increase in knee instability around the insertion sites. The proposed model can enhance the characterization of partial ACL tears, leading to more accurate preliminary diagnoses. It can aid in developing new techniques for repairing partially torn ACLs, potentially preventing more severe injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirit Sharabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel;
| | - Raz Agron
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel;
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Amir Dolev
- Department of Orthopedics, HaSharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49372, Israel; (A.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Rami Haj-Ali
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Mustafa Yassin
- Department of Orthopedics, HaSharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49372, Israel; (A.D.); (M.Y.)
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Dickerson DA, Fortier LA, Nauman EA, Potter HG, Quinlan C. Novel Osteochondral Biotemplate Improves Long-term Cartilage Repair Compared With Microfracture in an Ovine Model. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:3288-3303. [PMID: 37602735 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231189808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current cartilage repair therapies do not re-create the complex mechanical interface between cartilage and bone, which is critical for long-term repair durability. New biomaterial designs that include hard tissue-soft tissue interface structures offer promise to improve clinical outcomes. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a naturally derived osteochondral biotemplate with a novel contiguous hard tissue-soft tissue interface in an ovine model as a regenerative solution for articular cartilage defects. It was hypothesized that the osteochondral biotemplate would produce structurally superior repair tissue compared with microfracture over a 13-month period. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Osteochondral biotemplates were manufactured from porcine cancellous bone. Skeletally mature sheep (N = 30) were randomly allocated to 3 groups: early healing stage (euthanasia at 4 months), 6-month treatment, and 13-month treatment. In the early healing stage group, an 8 mm-diameter by 5 mm-deep osteochondral defect was created on the medial femoral condyle and treated at the time of iatrogenic injury with an osteochondral biotemplate. The contralateral limb received the same treatment 2 months later. In the 6- and 13-month treatment groups, 1 limb received the same osteochondral procedure as the early healing stage group. In the contralateral limb, an 8 mm-diameter, full-thickness cartilage defect (1-2 mm deep) was created and treated with microfracture. Cartilage repair and integration were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed with gross inspection, histological evaluation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar tests were used to compare the treatments. RESULTS At 6 and 13 months after treatment, the biotemplate was not present histologically. At 13 months, the biotemplate treatment demonstrated statistically higher histological scores than microfracture for integration with surrounding cartilage (biotemplate: 74 ± 31; microfracture: 28 ± 39; P = .03), type 2 collagen (biotemplate: 72 ± 33; microfracture: 40 ± 38; P = .02), total cartilage (biotemplate: 71 ± 9; microfracture: 59 ± 9; P = .01), and total integration (biotemplate: 85 ± 15; microfracture: 66 ± 20; P = .04). The osteochondral biotemplate treatment produced a notable transient nonneutrophilic inflammatory response that appeared to approach resolution at 13 months. MRI results were not statistically different between the 2 treatments. CONCLUSION Even with the inflammatory response, after 13 months, the osteochondral biotemplate outperformed microfracture in cartilage regeneration and demonstrated superiority in integration between the repair tissue and host tissue as well as integration between the newly formed cartilage and the underlying bone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This work has demonstrated the clinical potential of a novel biomaterial template to regenerate the complex mechanical interface between cartilage and the subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl A Dickerson
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa A Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hollis G Potter
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cassandra Quinlan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Handelshauser M, Chiang YR, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Thurner PJ, Andriotis OG. Collagen fibril tensile response described by a nonlinear Maxwell model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 145:105991. [PMID: 37480709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Collagen fibrils are the basic structural building blocks that provide mechanical properties such as stiffness, toughness, and strength to tissues from the nano- to the macroscale. Collagen fibrils are highly hydrated and transient deformation mechanisms contribute to their mechanical behavior. One approach to describe and quantify the apparent viscoelastic behavior of collagen fibrils is to find rheological models and fit the resulting empirical equations to experimental data. In this study, we consider a nonlinear rheological Maxwell model for this purpose. The model was fitted to tensile stress-time data from experiments conducted in a previous study on hydrated and partially dehydrated individual collagen fibrils via AFM. The derivative tensile modulus, estimated from the empirical equation, increased for decreasing hydration of the collagen fibril. The viscosity is only marginally affected by hydration but shows a dependency with strain rate, suggesting thixotropic behavior for low strain rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Handelshauser
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - You-Rong Chiang
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Philipp J Thurner
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orestis G Andriotis
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
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Ayyalasomayajula V, Pierrat B, Badel P. Evaluation of a multi-scale discrete fiber model for analyzing arterial failure. J Biomech 2023; 157:111700. [PMID: 37478803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
So far, the prevalent rupture risk quantification of aortic aneurysms does not consider information of the underlying microscopic mechanisms. Uniaxial tension tests were performed on imaged aorta samples oriented in circumferential and longitudinal directions. To account for local heterogeneity in collagen fiber architecture, SHG imaging was performed on tissues at several locations prior to mechanical testing. This enabled the quantification of micro-scale information including organization of collagen fibers using relevant probability density functions. Two different modeling approaches are presented in this study for the sake of comparison. A multi-scale mechanical model was developed using this micro-structural information with collagen fibers as main components. accounting for non-affine fiber kinematics. Simultaneously, an embedded element model that accounts for affine fiber kinematics was developed in Abaqus using the same micro-structural information. Numerical simulations emulating uniaxial tension experiments were performed on the developed models. Global mechanical response of both models agreed well with the experimental data, although leading to mismatched material properties. The models present a rudimentary yet better than before representation of structure based description of aortic-tissue failure mechanics. reinforcing the importance of structural organization of micro-scale constituents and their kinematics in determining tissue failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Ayyalasomayajula
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7052, Norway.
| | - Baptiste Pierrat
- Mines Saint-Étienne, CIS-EMSE, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Badel
- Mines Saint-Étienne, CIS-EMSE, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
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Tsingos E, Bakker BH, Keijzer KAE, Hupkes HJ, Merks RMH. Hybrid cellular Potts and bead-spring modeling of cells in fibrous extracellular matrix. Biophys J 2023; 122:2609-2622. [PMID: 37183398 PMCID: PMC10397577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is fundamental to coordinate collective cell behavior in tissues. Relating individual cell-level mechanics to tissue-scale collective behavior is a challenge that cell-based models such as the cellular Potts model (CPM) are well-positioned to address. These models generally represent the ECM with mean-field approaches, which assume substrate homogeneity. This assumption breaks down with fibrous ECM, which has nontrivial structure and mechanics. Here, we extend the CPM with a bead-spring model of ECM fiber networks modeled using molecular dynamics. We model a contractile cell pulling with discrete focal adhesion-like sites on the fiber network and demonstrate agreement with experimental spatiotemporal fiber densification and displacement. We show that at high network cross-linking, contractile cell forces propagate over at least eight cell diameters, decaying with distance with power law exponent n= 0.35 - 0.65 typical of viscoelastic ECMs. Further, we use in silico atomic force microscopy to measure local cell-induced network stiffening consistent with experiments. Our model lays the foundation for investigating how local and long-ranged cell-ECM mechanobiology contributes to multicellular morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tsingos
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Koen A E Keijzer
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Roeland M H Merks
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Liu F, Yu Z, Wang B, Chiou BS. Changes in Structures and Properties of Collagen Fibers during Collagen Casing Film Manufacturing. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091847. [PMID: 37174385 PMCID: PMC10178574 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen casing is an edible film, which is widely used in the industrial production of sausages. However, the detailed changes in the collagen fibers, from the raw material to the final collagen film, have rarely been reported. In this research, the changes in the collagen fibers during the manufacturing process, including the fiber arrangement, the triple-helix structure and the thermal stability, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The relationship between the structure stability and the arrangement of the collagen fibers was also discussed. According to the SEM, XRD, TGA, DSC and FTIR results, the collagen fibers were depolymerized during the acid swelling and became uniformly aligned after the homogenization process. Degassing had no obvious effect on the triple-helix structure. Alkaline neutralization with ammonia destroyed the triple-helix structure, which could be partly reversed through the washing and soaking processes. During the final drying step, the depolymerized triple helix of the collagen fibers recombined to form new structures that showed decreased thermal stability. This study expands our knowledge about the behavior of collagen fibers during the industrial process of producing collagen biobased casings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bor-Sen Chiou
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hydrogel scaffolds have attracted attention to develop cellular therapy and tissue engineering platforms for regenerative medicine applications. Among factors, local mechanical properties of scaffolds drive the functionalities of cell niche. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), the standard method to characterize mechanical properties of hydrogels, restricts development in tissue engineering because the measurement provides a single elasticity value for the sample, requires direct contact, and represents a destructive evaluation preventing longitudinal studies on the same sample. We propose a novel technique, acoustic force elastography microscopy (AFEM), to evaluate elastic properties of tissue engineering scaffolds. RESULTS AFEM can resolve localized and two-dimensional (2D) elastic properties of both transparent and opaque materials with advantages of being non-contact and non-destructive. Gelatin hydrogels, neat synthetic oligo[poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate] (OPF) scaffolds, OPF hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffolds and ex vivo biological tissue were examined with AFEM to evaluate the elastic modulus. These measurements of Young's modulus range from approximately 2 kPa to over 100 kPa were evaluated and are in good agreement with finite element simulations, surface wave measurements, and DMA tests. CONCLUSION The AFEM can resolve localized and 2D elastic properties of hydrogels, scaffolds and thin biological tissues. These materials can either be transparent or non-transparent and their evaluation can be done in a non-contact and non-destructive manner, thereby facilitating longitudinal evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE AFEM is a promising technique to quantify elastic properties of scaffolds for tissue engineering and will be applied to provide new insights for exploring elastic changes of cell-laden scaffolds for tissue engineering and material science.
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Han F, Li T, Li M, Zhang B, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wu C. Nano-calcium silicate mineralized fish scale scaffolds for enhancing tendon-bone healing. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:29-40. [PMID: 35633872 PMCID: PMC9123220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon-bone healing is essential for an effective rotator cuff tendon repair surgery, however, this remains a significant challenge due to the lack of biomaterials with high strength and bioactivity. Inspired by the high-performance exoskeleton of natural organisms, we set out to apply natural fish scale (FS) modified by calcium silicate nanoparticles (CS NPs) as a new biomaterial (CS-FS) to overcome the challenge. Benefit from its “Bouligand” microstructure, such FS-based scaffold maintained excellent tensile strength (125.05 MPa) and toughness (14.16 MJ/m3), which are 1.93 and 2.72 times that of natural tendon respectively, allowing it to well meet the requirements for rotator cuff tendon repair. Additionally, CS-FS showed diverse bioactivities by stimulating the differentiation and phenotypic maintenance of multiple types of cells participated into the composition of tendon-bone junction, (e.g. bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), chondrocyte, and tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs)). In both rat and rabbit rotator cuff tear (RCT) models, CS-FS played a key role in the tendon-bone interface regeneration and biomechanical function, which may be achieved by activating BMP-2/Smad/Runx2 pathway in BMSCs. Therefore, natural fish scale -based biomaterials are the promising candidate for clinical tendon repair due to their outstanding strength and bioactivity. Nano-calcium silicate mineralized fish scale scaffold was first developed for tendon defect repair. •CS-FS exhibited excellent mechanical properties superior to those of natural tendon. •CS-FS showed diverse bioactivities by stimulating the differentiation of multiple types of cells. •CS NPs accelerated tendon-bone interface tendon-bone healing enhancement and biomechanical recovery.
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Premarathna AD, Tuvikene R, Somasiri M, De Silva M, Adhikari R, Ranahewa TH, Wijesundara R, Wijesekera SK, Dissanayake I, Wangchuk P, Rjabovs V, Jayasooriya AP, Rajapakse R. A novel therapeutic effect of mannitol-rich extract from the brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium using in vitro and in vivo models. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:26. [PMID: 36721189 PMCID: PMC9887804 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is an active, complex, integrated series of cellular, physiological, and biochemical changes initiated by the stimulus of injury in a tissue. The present study was performed to investigate the potential wound healing abilities of Sargassum ilicifolium crude extracts (CE) that were characterized by 1H NMR and FTIR Spectrometric measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seaweed samples were collected from southern coastal sites of Sri Lanka. To determine the cytotoxicity and proliferation of S. ilicifolium CE were used for the MTT and alamarBlue assays respectively. The scratch and exclusion wound models were used to HaCaT and HDF cells to assess the cell proliferation and migration. RAW 264.7 cells (macrophages) were used to evaluate Nitric Oxide (NO) production and phagocytosis activities. Moreover, Fifteen, 8-week-old, female, New Zealand rabbits were selected and divided into five groups: excision skin wounds (10.40 ± 0.60 mm) were induced in groups I, II, and III. Rabbits in groups I and IV were given S. ilicifolium CE (orally, 100 mg/kg day, two weeks), whereas groups II and V were given equal amounts of distilled water. Wound healing properties were measured and wound tissue samples were collated, formalin-fixed, wax-embedded, stained (Hematoxylin and Eosin; Van Gieson) and examined for the healing process. RESULTS Anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities were observed in RAW 264.7, HDF and HaCaT cells treated with S. ilicifolium aqueous extracts when compared to the control groups. S. ilicifolium extracts concentration 8 - 4 μg/μL, (P<0.05) had remarkable the highest proliferative and migratory effects on RAW 264.7, HDF and HaCaT cells when compared with the control. RAW 264.7 cell proliferation and/or migration were higher in S. ilicifolium extracts (4 μg/μL, 232.8 ± 10.07%) compared with the control (100 %). Scratch wound healing were remarkably enhanced in 24 h, 48 h (P<0.05) when treated with S. ilicifolium on HaCaT cells. Rabbits treated with the CE of S. ilicifolium showed a significantly increased wound healing activities (P<0.05) within three days with a close wound area of 57.21 ± 0.77 % compared with control group (26.63 ± 1.09 %). Histopathology, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels evidenced no toxic effects on seaweed treated groups. Histopathological results also revealed that the healing process was significantly faster in the rabbit groups which were as treated with CE of S. ilicifolium orally with the evidence of enhanced early granulation tissue (connective tissue and angiogenesis) and significant epithelization compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS Cell proliferation and migration are significantly faster when treated with S. ilicifolium aqueous extracts. Moreover, there are no toxic effect of S. ilicifolium aqueous extracts on RAW 264.7, HDF and HaCaT cell lines. In this study, it is revealed that S. ilicifolium has potential remedial agent; D-Mannitol for skin wound healing properties that by promote keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation and migration. These findings show that S. ilicifolium have promising wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal D Premarathna
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Mnr Somasiri
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Mlwp De Silva
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranjith Adhikari
- South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration. Faculty of Medicine, National Serpentarium, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - T H Ranahewa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rrmkk Wijesundara
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - S K Wijesekera
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Open University, Kandy Regional Center, Polgolla, Sri Lanka
| | - Ipghu Dissanayake
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - Vitalijs Rjabovs
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anura P Jayasooriya
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rpvj Rajapakse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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Chen J, Liu J, Yang W, Pei Y. Collagen and Silk Fibroin as Promising Candidates for Constructing Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:375. [PMID: 36679256 PMCID: PMC9863204 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A catalyst determines the mechanism of an organic chemical reaction, thus enabling the commercially viable formation of desired material products. Biopolymers offer new opportunities for the construction of catalysts by virtue of their biocompatibility, environmental benignity, and sustainability, as well as their low cost. Biopolymers are especially useful as carriers and precursors in catalysis application. The employment of biocompatible and biosustainable collagen and silk fibroin materials will revolutionize state-of-the-art electronic devices and systems that currently rely on conventional technologies. In this review, we first consider the ordered hierarchical structure, origin, and processing methods of collagen and silk fibroin. Then, the unique advantages and applicability of collagen and silk fibroin for constructing catalysts are summarized. Moreover, a summary of the state-of-the-art design, fabrication, and application of collagen- and silk fibroin-based catalysts, as well as the application of collagen- and silk-based catalysts, is presented by focusing on their roles as carriers and precursors, respectively. Finally, challenges and prospects are assessed for the construction and development of collagen and silk fibroin-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wen Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Institute of Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ying Pei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Tavakol M, Vaughan TJ. A coarse-grained molecular dynamics investigation of the role of mineral arrangement on the mechanical properties of mineralized collagen fibrils. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20220803. [PMID: 36695019 PMCID: PMC9874270 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mineralized collagen fibrils (MCFs) comprise collagen molecules and hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals and are considered universal building blocks of bone tissue, across different bone types and species. In this study, we developed a coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) framework to investigate the role of mineral arrangement on the load-deformation behaviour of MCFs. Despite the common belief that the collagen molecules are responsible for flexibility and HAp minerals are responsible for stiffness, our results showed that the mineral phase was responsible for limiting collagen sliding in the large deformation regime, which helped the collagen molecules themselves undergo high tensile loading, providing a substantial contribution to the ultimate tensile strength of MCFs. This study also highlights different roles for the mineralized and non-mineralized protofibrils within the MCF, with the mineralized groups being primarily responsible for load carrying due to the presence of the mineral phase, while the non-mineralized groups are responsible for crack deflection. These results provide novel insight into the load-deformation behaviour of MCFs and highlight the intricate role that both collagen and mineral components have in dictating higher scale bone biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Tavakol
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ted J. Vaughan
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Amini M, Venkatesan JK, Liu W, Leroux A, Nguyen TN, Madry H, Migonney V, Cucchiarini M. Advanced Gene Therapy Strategies for the Repair of ACL Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214467. [PMID: 36430947 PMCID: PMC9695211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the principal ligament for stabilization of the knee, is highly predisposed to injury in the human population. As a result of its poor intrinsic healing capacities, surgical intervention is generally necessary to repair ACL lesions, yet the outcomes are never fully satisfactory in terms of long-lasting, complete, and safe repair. Gene therapy, based on the transfer of therapeutic genetic sequences via a gene vector, is a potent tool to durably and adeptly enhance the processes of ACL repair and has been reported for its workability in various experimental models relevant to ACL injuries in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. As critical hurdles to the effective and safe translation of gene therapy for clinical applications still remain, including physiological barriers and host immune responses, biomaterial-guided gene therapy inspired by drug delivery systems has been further developed to protect and improve the classical procedures of gene transfer in the future treatment of ACL injuries in patients, as critically presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Amini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jagadeesh K. Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Wei Liu
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Amélie Leroux
- Laboratoire CSPBAT UMR CNRS 7244, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Avenue JB Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Tuan Ngoc Nguyen
- Laboratoire CSPBAT UMR CNRS 7244, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Avenue JB Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Véronique Migonney
- Laboratoire CSPBAT UMR CNRS 7244, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Avenue JB Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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13
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Tian X, Zhao K, Teng A, Li Y, Wang W. A rethinking of collagen as tough biomaterials in meat packaging: assembly from native to synthetic. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:957-977. [PMID: 35997287 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Due to the high moisture-associated typical rheology and the changeable and harsh processing conditions in the production process, packaging materials for meat products have higher requirements including a sufficient mechanical strength and proper ductility. Collagen, a highly conserved structural protein consisting of a triple helix of Gly-X-Y repeats, has been proved to be suitable packaging material for meat products. The treated animal digestive tract (i.e. the casing) is the perfect natural packaging material for wrapping meat into sausage. Its thin walls, strong toughness and impact resistance make it the oldest and best edible meat packaging. Collagen casing is another wisdom of meat packaging, which is made by collagen fibers from hide skin, presenting a rapid growth in casing market. To strengthen mechanical strength and barrier behaviors of collagen-based packaging materials, different physical, chemical, and biological cross-linking methods are springing up exuberantly, as well as a variety of reinforcement approaches including nanotechnology. In addition, the rapid development of biomimetic technology also provides a good research idea and means for the promotion of collagen's assembly and relevant mechanical properties. This review can offer some reference on fundamental theory and practical application of collagenous materials in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - KaiXuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Anguo Teng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
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14
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Benvenuti E, Reho GA, Palumbo S, Fraldi M. Pre-strains and buckling in mechanosensitivity of contractile cells and focal adhesions: A tensegrity model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105413. [PMID: 36057207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that several key aspects of the contractile activity of a cell interacting with the substrate can be captured by means of a non linear elastic tensegrity mechanical system made of a tensile element in parallel with a buckling-prone component, and exchanging forces with the surroundings through an extracellular matrix-focal adhesion complex. Mechanosensitivity of the focal adhesion plaque is triggered by pre-strain-driven buckling of the system induced either by pre-contraction or pre-polymerization of the constituents. The impact of pre-polymerization on the mechanical force and the implications of using linear and nonlinear elasticity for the focal adhesion plaque are assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Benvenuti
- Engineering Department, University of Ferrara, Italy.
| | - G A Reho
- Engineering Department, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Palumbo
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - M Fraldi
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy.
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15
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Ji XL, Zhang HH, Han SY. A piecewise constitutive model for collagen fiber tissues. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 33:39. [PMID: 35482256 PMCID: PMC9050773 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by Meyers et al. (Science, 2013), a piecewise model is established so as to individually predict both the heel region and the linear region of stress-strain curve. When the piecewise model satisfactorily predicts the experimental data, the constitutive parameters are precisely identified with definite physical significances. Along with this piecewise guideline, a complete constitutive model can be established for the whole stress-strain curve of collagen fiber tissues with the failure region as well. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Ji
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330063, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - H H Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330063, PR China.
| | - S Y Han
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330063, PR China
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16
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Bose S, Li S, Mele E, Silberschmidt VV. Exploring the Mechanical Properties and Performance of Type-I Collagen at Various Length Scales: A Progress Report. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082753. [PMID: 35454443 PMCID: PMC9025246 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the basic protein of animal tissues and has a complex hierarchical structure. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the mechanical and structural stability of biological tissues. Over the years, it has become a material of interest in the biomedical industries thanks to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability and low antigenicity. Despite its significance, the mechanical properties and performance of pure collagen have been never reviewed. In this work, the emphasis is on the mechanics of collagen at different hierarchical levels and its long-term mechanical performance. In addition, the effect of hydration, important for various applications, was considered throughout the study because of its dramatic influence on the mechanics of collagen. Furthermore, the discrepancies in reports of the mechanical properties of collagenous tissues (basically composed of 20-30% collagen fibres) and those of pure collagen are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirsha Bose
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Simin Li
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Vadim V. Silberschmidt
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Biocompatible Materials and Devices, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.V.S.)
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17
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Knodel N, Lawson B, Bywater E, Lamia J, Patel S, Nauman EA. An EMG-Based Constitutive Law for Force Generation in Skeletal Muscle - Part II: Model Validation On the Ankle Joint Complex. J Biomech Eng 2022; 144:1140055. [PMID: 35388404 DOI: 10.1115/1.4054275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the predictive ability of the skeletal muscle force model derived previously within the ankle joint complex. The model is founded in dimensional analysis, using electromyography and the muscle force-length, force-velocity, and force-frequency curves as inputs. Seventeen subjects (8 males, 9 females) performed five different exercises that activated the primary muscles crossing the ankle joint. Motion capture, force plate, and electromyography data were collected during these exercises. A constant, Km, was calculated for each muscle of each subject using four of the five exercises. The fifth exercise was used to validate the results by treating the moments due to muscle forces as known and all other components in Euler's second law as unknown. While muscle forces cannot be directly validated in vivo, methods can be developed to test these values with reasonable confidence. This study compared moments about the ankle joint due to the calculated muscle forces to the sum of the moments due to all other sources and the kinematic terms in the second Newton-Euler equation of rigid body motion. Average percent errors for each subject ranged from 4.2% to 15.5% with an average percent error across all subjects of 8.2% while maximum percent errors for each subject ranged from 33.3% to 78.0% with an overall average maximum of 52.4%. Future work will examine sensitivity analyses to identify potential simplifications to the model and solution process and will validate the model on a more complex joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Knodel
- Purdue University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Brie Lawson
- Purdue University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Emily Bywater
- Purdue University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Joseph Lamia
- Purdue University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Shiv Patel
- Purdue University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Purdue University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906; Purdue University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906; Purdue University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
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18
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Aznar-Cervantes SD, Pagán A, Candel MJ, Pérez-Rigueiro J, Cenis JL. Silkworm Gut Fibres from Silk Glands of Samia cynthia ricini-Potential Use as a Scaffold in Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073888. [PMID: 35409245 PMCID: PMC8998787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-performance fibroin fibres are ideal candidates for the manufacture of scaffolds with applications in tissue engineering due to the excellent mechanical properties and optimal biocompatibility of this protein. In this work, the manufacture of high-strength fibres made from the silk glands of Samia cynthia ricini is explored. The glands were subjected to soaking in aqueous dissolutions of acetic acid and stretched to manufacture the fibres. The materials produced were widely characterized, in terms of morphology, mechanical properties, crystallinity and content of secondary structures, comparing them with those produced by the standard procedure published for Bombyx mori. In addition, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of a braided scaffold produced from these fibres was evaluated. The results obtained show that the fibres from B. mori present a higher degree of crystallinity than those from S. c. ricini, which is reflected in higher values of elastic modulus and lower values of strain at break. Moreover, a decrease in the elongation values of the fibres from S. c. ricini was observed as the concentration of acetic acid was increased during the manufacture. On the other hand, the study of the braided scaffolds showed higher values of tensile strength and strain at break in the case of S. c. ricini materials and similar values of elastic modulus, compared to those of B. mori, displaying both scaffolds optimal biocompatibility using a fibroblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador D. Aznar-Cervantes
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Genómica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Ambiental (IMIDA), La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (S.D.A.-C.); (M.J.C.); (J.L.C.)
| | - Ana Pagán
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Genómica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Ambiental (IMIDA), La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (S.D.A.-C.); (M.J.C.); (J.L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968366719
| | - María J. Candel
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Genómica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Ambiental (IMIDA), La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (S.D.A.-C.); (M.J.C.); (J.L.C.)
| | - José Pérez-Rigueiro
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Cenis
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Genómica y Mejora Vegetal, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Ambiental (IMIDA), La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain; (S.D.A.-C.); (M.J.C.); (J.L.C.)
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19
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Yi J, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Chew TG, Ouyang H. Modular protein engineering-based biomaterials for skeletal tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2022; 282:121414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Christensen KW, Turner J, Coughenour K, Maghdouri-White Y, Bulysheva AA, Sergeant O, Rariden M, Randazzo A, Sheean AJ, Christ GJ, Francis MP. Assembled Cell-Decorated Collagen (AC-DC) Fiber Bioprinted Implants with Musculoskeletal Tissue Properties Promote Functional Recovery in Volumetric Muscle Loss. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101357. [PMID: 34879177 PMCID: PMC8890793 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal tissue injuries, including volumetric muscle loss (VML), are commonplace and often lead to permanent disability and deformation. Addressing this healthcare need, an advanced biomanufacturing platform, assembled cell-decorated collagen (AC-DC) bioprinting, is invented to rapidly and reproducibly create living biomaterial implants, using clinically relevant cells and strong, microfluidic wet-extruded collagen microfibers. Quantitative analysis shows that the directionality and distribution of cells throughout AC-DC implants mimic native musculoskeletal tissue. AC-DC bioprinted implants further approximate or exceed the strength and stiffness of human musculoskeletal tissue and exceed collagen hydrogel tensile properties by orders of magnitude. In vivo, AC-DC implants are assessed in a critically sized muscle injury in the hindlimb, with limb torque generation potential measured over 12 weeks. Both acellular and cellular implants promote functional recovery compared to the unrepaired group, with AC-DC implants containing therapeutic muscle progenitor cells promoting the highest degree of recovery. Histological analysis and automated image processing of explanted muscle cross-sections reveal increased total muscle fiber count, median muscle fiber size, and increased cellularization for injuries repaired with cellularized implants. These studies introduce an advanced bioprinting method for generating musculoskeletal tissue analogs with near-native biological and biomechanical properties with the potential to repair myriad challenging musculoskeletal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Anna A. Bulysheva
- Depeartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Olivia Sergeant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Rariden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Alessia Randazzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew J. Sheean
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, USAF 59 MDW, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - George J. Christ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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21
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Athiyarath V, Madhusudhanan MC, Kunnikuruvan S, Sureshan KM. Secondary Structure Tuning of a Pseudoprotein Between β‐Meander and α‐Helical Forms in the Solid‐State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Athiyarath
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mithun C. Madhusudhanan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Kana M. Sureshan
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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22
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Knodel N, Lawson B, Nauman EA. An EMG-Based Constitutive Law for Force Generation in Skeletal Muscle - Part I: Model Development. J Biomech Eng 2022; 144:1131418. [PMID: 35039858 DOI: 10.1115/1.4053568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper proposes a new method for estimating skeletal muscle forces using a model derived from dimensional analysis. It incorporates electromyography signals and muscle force-length, force-velocity, and force frequency relationships as inputs. The purpose of this model is to provide more accurate estimates of individualized muscle forces to better predict surrounding musculoskeletal tissue and joint contact loading. THEORY The derivation begins with dimensional analysis and a selection of critical parameters that define muscle force generation. The resulting constitutive equation gives way to a unique application of inverse-dynamics, one which avoids the issue of indeterminacy when reaction moments and ligament loading are minimized in a joint. The ankle joint is used as an example for developing the equations that culminate into a system of linear equations. DISCUSSION A muscle force model capable of being calibrated and then used to predict joint contact and surrounding tissue loading is critical in advancing biomechanics research areas like injury prevention, performance optimization, and tissue engineering, among others. This model's foundation in dimensional analysis, along with its inclusion of electromyography signals, gives promise that it will be physiologically relevant and suitable for application-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Knodel
- Purdue University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Brie Lawson
- Purdue University, Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering and Basic Medical Sciences, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Purdue University, Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering and Basic Medical Sciences, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47906
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23
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Uribe-Gomez J, Schönfeld D, Posada-Murcia A, Roland MM, Caspari A, Synytska A, Salehi S, Pretsch T, Ionov L. Fibrous Scaffolds for Muscle Tissue Engineering Based on Touch-Spun Poly(Ester-Urethane) Elastomer. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100427. [PMID: 35007398 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of fiber-spinning technologies and materials with proper mechanical properties is highly important for the manufacturing of aligned fibrous scaffolds mimicking structure of the muscle tissues. Here, the authors report touch spinning of a thermoplastic poly(1,4-butylene adipate)-based polyurethane elastomer, obtained via solvent-free polymerization. This polymer possesses a combination of important advantages such as 1) low elastic modulus in the range of a few MPa, 2) good recovery ratio and 3) resilience, 4) processability, 5) nontoxicity, 6) biocompatibility, and 7) biodegradability that makes it suitable for fabrication of structures mimicking extracellular matrix of muscle tissue. Touch spinning allows fast and precise deposition of highly aligned micro- and nano-fibers without use of high voltage. C2C12 myoblasts readily align along soft polymer fibers and demonstrate high viability as well as proliferation that make proposed combination of polymer and fabrication method highly suitable for engineering skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Uribe-Gomez
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | - Dennis Schönfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
| | - Andrés Posada-Murcia
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | - Michel-Manuel Roland
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | - Anja Caspari
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Alla Synytska
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany.,Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, Dresden, 01064, Germany.,Bayerisches Polymerinstitut - BPI, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth, 95440, Germany
| | - Sahar Salehi
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann Str. 1, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | - Thorsten Pretsch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
| | - Leonid Ionov
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
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24
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Werbner B, Zhou M, McMindes N, Lee A, Lee M, O'Connell GD. Saline-polyethylene glycol blends preserve in vitro annulus fibrosus hydration and mechanics: An experimental and finite-element analysis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104951. [PMID: 34749204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of tissue water content is essential for ensuring accurate, repeatable, and physiologically relevant measurements of tissue mechanics and biochemical composition. While previous studies have found that saline and polyethylene glycol (PEG) blends were effective at controlling tendon and ligament hydration levels, this work has yet to be extended to the annulus fibrosus (AF). Thus, the first objective of this study was to determine and validate an optimal buffer solution for targeting and maintaining hydration levels of tissue-level AF specimens in vitro. This was accomplished by measuring the transient swelling behavior of bovine AF specimens in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and PEG buffers across a wide range of concentrations. Sub-failure, failure, and post-failure mechanics were measured to determine the relationship between changes in tissue hydration and tensile mechanical response. The effect of each buffer solution on tissue composition was also assessed. The second objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using multi-phasic finite element models to investigate tissue swelling and mechanical responses in different external buffer solutions. A solution containing 6.25%w/v PBS and 6.25%w/v PEG effectively maintained tissue-level AF specimen hydration at fresh-frozen levels after 18 h in solution. Modulus, failure stress, failure strain, and post-failure toughness of specimens soaked in this solution for 18 h closely matched those of fresh-frozen specimens. In contrast, specimens soaked in 0.9%w/v PBS swelled over 100% after 18 h and exhibited significantly diminished sub-failure and failure properties compared to fresh-frozen controls. The increased cross-sectional area with swelling contributed to but was not sufficient to explain the diminished mechanics of PBS-soaked specimens, suggesting additional sub-tissue scale mechanisms. Computational simulations of these specimens generally agreed with experimental results, highlighting the feasibility and importance of including a fluid-phase description when models aim to provide accurate predictions of biological tissue responses. As numerous previous studies suggest that tissue hydration plays a central role in maintaining proper mechanical and biological function, robust methods for controlling hydration levels are essential as the field advances in probing the relationship between tissue hydration, aging, injury, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Werbner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Minhao Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Nicole McMindes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Allan Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Matthew Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Grace D O'Connell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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25
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Athiyarath V, Madhusudhanan MC, Kunnikuruvan S, Sureshan KM. Secondary Structure Tuning of a Pseudoprotein Between β-Meander and α-Helical Forms in the Solid-State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113129. [PMID: 34699112 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuning the secondary structure of a protein or polymer in the solid-state is challenging. Here we report the topochemical synthesis of a pseudoprotein and its secondary structure tuning in the solid-state. We designed the dipeptide monomer N3 -Leu-Ala-NH-CH2 -C≡CH (1) for topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition (TAAC) polymerization. Dipeptide 1 adopts an anti-parallel β-sheet-like stacked arrangement in its crystals. Upon heating, the dipeptide undergoes quantitative TAAC polymerization in a crystal-to-crystal fashion yielding large polymers. The reaction occurs between the adjacent monomers in the H-bonded anti-parallel stack, yielding pseudoprotein having a β-meander structure. When dissolved in methanol, this pseudoprotein changes its secondary structure from β-meander to α-helical form and it retains the new secondary structure upon desolvation. This work demonstrates a novel paradigm for tuning the secondary structure of a polymer in the solid-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Athiyarath
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Mithun C Madhusudhanan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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26
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Moncayo-Donoso M, Rico-Llanos GA, Garzón-Alvarado DA, Becerra J, Visser R, Fontanilla MR. The Effect of Pore Directionality of Collagen Scaffolds on Cell Differentiation and In Vivo Osteogenesis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183187. [PMID: 34578088 PMCID: PMC8470614 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many bone substitutes have been designed and produced, the development of bone tissue engineering products that mimic the microstructural characteristics of native bone remains challenging. It has been shown that pore orientation within collagen scaffolds influences bone matrix formation by the endochondral route. In addition, that the unidirectional orientation of the scaffolds can limit the growth of blood vessels. However, a comparison between the amount of bone that can be formed in scaffolds with different pore orientations in addition to analyzing the effect of loading osteogenic and proangiogenic factors is still required. In this work we fabricated uni- and multidirectional collagen sponges and evaluated their microstructural, physicochemical, mechanical and biological characteristics. Although the porosity and average pore size of the uni- and multidirectional scaffolds was similar (94.5% vs. 97.1% and 260 µm vs. 269 µm, respectively) the unidirectional sponges had a higher tensile strength, Young's modulus and capacity to uptake liquids than the multidirectional ones (0.271 MPa vs. 0.478 MPa, 9.623 MPa vs. 3.426 MPa and 8000% mass gain vs. 4000%, respectively). Culturing of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated that these scaffolds support cell growth and osteoblastic differentiation in the presence of BMP-2 in vitro, although the pore orientation somehow affected cell attachment and differentiation. The evaluation of the ability of the scaffolds to support bone growth when loaded with BMP-2 or BMP-2 + VEGF in an ectopic rat model showed that they both supported bone formation. Histological analysis and quantification of mineralized matrix revealed that the pore orientation of the collagen scaffolds influenced the osteogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguelangel Moncayo-Donoso
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
| | - Gustavo A. Rico-Llanos
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
| | - Diego A. Garzón-Alvarado
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
| | - José Becerra
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
| | - Rick Visser
- BIONAND, Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain; (G.A.R.-L.); (J.B.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, IBIMA, 29001-29018 Malaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Marta R. Fontanilla
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 571, Colombia;
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.R.F.)
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Park SR, Kim SR, Im JB, Park CH, Lee HY, Hong IS. 3D stem cell-laden artificial endometrium: successful endometrial regeneration and pregnancy. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34284368 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thin endometrium lining or severe endometrial injury which may occur during artificial abortion can cause defective endometrial receptivity and subsequent infertility. Therefore, much effort has been devoted toward regenerating thin or damaged endometrial lining by applying multiple types of stem cells. Even though there are some positive preliminary outcomes, repairing the injured endometrium with stem cells is considerably challenging, due to the lack of an adequate microenvironment for the administrated stem cells within the tissues and subsequent poor therapeutic efficiency. In this context, as an alternative, we fabricated a 3D stem cell-laden artificial endometrium by incorporating several biodegradable biomaterials (collagen and hyaluronic acid) and multiple cellular components of endometrium (endometrial stem cells, stromal cells, and vessel cells) to properly recapitulate the multicellular microenvironment and multilayered structure. Agarose was used as an inert filler substrate to enhance the mechanical integrity of the three-layered artificial endometrium. Various mechanical characteristics, such as morphology, compression properties, swelling, and viscosity, have been evaluated. Various biological features, such as steroid hormone responsiveness, specific endometrial cell-surface marker expressions, and the secretion of multiple growth factors and steroid hormones, as well as the viability of encapsulated endometrial cells are relatively well maintained within the artificial endometrium. More importantly, severe tissue injuries were significantly relieved by transplanting our 3D artificial endometrium into endometrial ablation mice. Remarkably, artificial endometrium transplantation resulted in a successful pregnancy with subsequent live birth without any morphological or chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ra Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Rim Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Been Im
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hum Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Yong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, 85 Goesan-eup,Munmu-ro, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 367-700, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
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28
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Renganath Rao R, Sathish M, Raghava Rao J. Research advances in the fabrication of biosafety and functional leather: A way-forward for effective management of COVID-19 outbreak. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2021; 310:127464. [PMID: 35475140 PMCID: PMC9023137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the recent events following the pandemic COVID-19, global awareness about the use of biosafety materials has been in raise. Leather industry being a major commodity-driven sector, its role in addressing the issues concerning the safe use of leather products has become inevitable for the sustainability of the industry. A significant number of researches have been conducted to fabricate bio-safe leather by incorporating different types of antimicrobial agents during leather manufacturing. Besides, the increasing diversity in the development of synthetic materials and the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on automotive industry may create more demand from customers for incorporating different functionalities in leather without losing its inherent properties. Some of the key functionalities discussed include resistance to microbial growth, self-cleaning through superhydrophobicity and photocatalysis, thermal regulation, flame retardance and scented leather. This review focusses on the fabrication of such advanced functional leather materials over the past decade with special emphasis on antimicrobial leather. Some of the key factors elaborated in the review include the state of art approaches for the preparation of functional materials, mode of incorporation of the same into the leather matrix, the mechanism behind with a perspective on the challenges involved in fabrication for real-world applications. A major outcome of this review is that even though several kinds of cutting edge researches are happening in the field of leather manufacturing, most of them were not validated for its practical applicability and sustainability of the proposed solution. This could be majorly attributed to the cost involved in fabrication of such materials, which forms a crucial factor when it comes to a mass production industry such as leather. Also, the researchers should concentrate on the toxicity of the fabricated materials which can impede the process of adopting such emerging and need of the hour technologies in the near future. Knowledge obtained from this review on fabrication of bio-safety leather against bacteria, mold and fungi would help further to integrate the antiviral property into the same which is a global need. Also, fabrication of functionalized leather would open new avenues for leather manufactures to venture into the development of advanced leather products such as flexible electronics, radiation shielding and fire fighting garments etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Renganath Rao
- Leather Process Technology Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Leather Technology (Housed at CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute), Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Sathish
- Regional Centre for Extension and Development, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Kolkata, 700046, West Bengal, India
| | - Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
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29
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de Miguel-Gómez L, Romeu M, Pellicer A, Cervelló I. Strategies for managing asherman's syndrome and endometrial atrophy: Since the classical experimental models to the new bioengineering approach. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:527-543. [PMID: 34293229 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial function is essential for embryo implantation and pregnancy, but managing endometrial thickness that is too thin to support pregnancy or an endometrium of compromised functionality due to intrauterine adhesions is an ongoing challenge in reproductive medicine. Here, we review current and emerging therapeutic and experimental options for endometrial regeneration with a focus on animal models used to study solutions for Asherman's syndrome and endometrial atrophy, which both involve a damaged endometrium. A review of existing literature was performed that confirmed the lack of consensus on endometrial therapeutic options, though promising new alternatives have emerged in recent years (platelet-rich plasma, exosomes derived from stem cells, bioengineering-based techniques, endometrial organoids, among others). In the future, basic research using established experimental models of endometrial pathologies (combined with new high-tech solutions) and human clinical trials with large population sizes are needed to evaluate these emerging and new endometrial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía de Miguel-Gómez
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Romeu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Women's Health Area, Human Reproduction Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Irene Cervelló
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
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30
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Barbalinardo M, Biagetti M, Valle F, Cavallini M, Falini G, Montroni D. Green Biocompatible Method for the Synthesis of Collagen/Chitin Composites to Study Their Composition and Assembly Influence on Fibroblasts Growth. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3357-3365. [PMID: 34278777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A green biocompatible route for the deposition and simultaneous assembly, by pH increment, of collagen/chitin composites was proposed. Both assembled and unassembled samples with different collagen/chitin ratios were synthesized, maintaining the β-chitin polymorph. The first set showed a microfibrous organization with compositional submicron homogeneity. The second set presented a nanohomogeneous composition based on collagen nanoaggregates and chitin nanofibrils. The sets were tested as scaffolds for fibroblast growth (NIH-3T3) to study the influence of composition and assembly. In the unassembled scaffolds, the positive influence of collagen on cell growth mostly worn out in 48 h, while the addition of chitin enhanced this effect for over 72 h. The assembled samples showed higher viability at 24 h but a less positive effect on viability along the time. This work highlighted critical aspects of the influence that composition and assembly has on fibroblast growth, a knowledge worth exploiting in scaffold design and preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Barbalinardo
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Biagetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Valle
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), ISMN-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cavallini
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Devis Montroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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31
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Yi FL, Guo FL, Li YQ, Wang DY, Huang P, Fu SY. Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Composite E-skin Fully Mimicking Human Skin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32084-32093. [PMID: 34189902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transparent e-skin that can fully mimic human skin with J-shaped mechanical-behavior and tactile sensing attributes have not yet been reported. In this work, the skin-like hydrogel composite with J-shaped mechanical behavior and highly transparent, tactile, soft but strong, flexible, and stretchable attributes is developed as structural strain sensing element for e-skin. Piezo-resistive polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel is used as supporting matrix to endow high transparency, softness, flexibility, stretch-ability and strain sensing capability desired for e-skin. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber with a wavy configuration is designed as reinforcement filler to provide the tunable strain-limiting effect. As a result, the as-prepared UHMWPE fiber/PAAm composite e-skin presents unique "J-shape" stress-strain behavior akin to human skin. And the PAAm composite can switch from supersoft to highly stiff in the designed strain range up to 100% with a prominent tensile strength of 48.3 MPa, which enables it to have the high stretch-ability and excellent load-bearing ability, simultaneously. Moreover, finite element model is developed to clarify the stress distribution and damage evolution for the UHMWPE fiber/PAAm composite during the tensile process. The PAAm composite exhibits not only an excellent strain sensing performance with a long-term reliability up to 5000 loading-unloading cycles but also an extraordinary softness and mechanical strength with a low initial modulus of 6.7 kPa, which is matchable with soft human epidermis. Finally, the e-skin is used for demonstrations in monitoring various human activities and protecting structural integrity in designed strain ranges. The strategy for reinforcing piezo-resistive hydrogel with wavy-shaped UHMWPE fibers proposed here is promising for the development of transparent, flexible, soft but strong e-skin with a tunable strain-limiting effect akin to human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lian Yi
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Fang-Liang Guo
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Li
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - De-Yang Wang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Pei Huang
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shao-Yun Fu
- College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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32
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Dasgupta A, Sori N, Petrova S, Maghdouri-White Y, Thayer N, Kemper N, Polk S, Leathers D, Coughenour K, Dascoli J, Palikonda R, Donahue C, Bulysheva AA, Francis MP. Comprehensive collagen crosslinking comparison of microfluidic wet-extruded microfibers for bioactive surgical suture development. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:186-200. [PMID: 33878472 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Collagen microfiber-based constructs have garnered considerable attention for ligament, tendon, and other soft tissue repairs, yet with limited clinical translation due to strength, biocompatibility, scalable manufacturing, and other challenges. Crosslinking collagen fibers improves mechanical properties; however, questions remain regarding optimal crosslinking chemistries, biocompatibility, biodegradation, long-term stability, and potential for biotextile assemble at scale, limiting their clinical usefulness. Here, we assessed over 50 different crosslinking chemistries on microfluidic wet-extruded collagen microfibers made with clinically relevant collagen to optimize collagen fibers as a biotextile yarn for suture or other medical device manufacture. The endogenous collagen crosslinker, glyoxal, provides extraordinary fiber ultimate tensile strength near 300MPa, and Young's modulus of over 3GPa while retaining 50% of the initial load-bearing capacity through 6 months as hydrated. Glyoxal crosslinked collagen fibers further proved cytocompatible and biocompatible per ISO 10993-based testing, and further elicits a predominantly M2 macrophage response. Remarkably these strong collagen fibers are amenable to industrial braiding to form strong collagen fiber sutures. Collagen microfluidic wet extrusion with glyoxal crosslinking thus progress bioengineered, strong, and stable collagen microfibers significantly towards clinical use for potentially promoting efficient healing compared to existing suture materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Towards improving clinical outcomes for over 1 million ligament and tendon surgeries performed annually, we report an advanced microfluidic extrusion process for type I collagen microfiber manufacturing for biological suture and other biotextile manufacturing. This manuscript reports the most extensive wet-extruded collagen fiber crosslinking compendium published to date, providing a tremendous recourse to the field. Collagen fibers made with clinical-grade collagen and crosslinked with glyoxal, exhibit tensile strength and stability that surpasses all prior reports. This is the first report demonstrating that glyoxal, a native tissue crosslinker, has the extraordinary ability to produce strong, cytocompatible, and biocompatible collagen microfibers. These collagen microfibers are ideal for advanced research and clinical use as surgical suture or other tissue-engineered medical products for sports medicine, orthopedics, and other surgical indications.
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33
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Zhou M, Lim S, O’Connell GD. A Robust Multiscale and Multiphasic Structure-Based Modeling Framework for the Intervertebral Disc. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:685799. [PMID: 34164388 PMCID: PMC8215504 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.685799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of multiscale and multiphasic intervertebral disc mechanics is crucial for designing advanced tissue engineered structures aiming to recapitulate native tissue behavior. The bovine caudal disc is a commonly used human disc analog due to its availability, large disc height and area, and similarities in biochemical and mechanical properties to the human disc. Because of challenges in directly measuring subtissue-level mechanics, such as in situ fiber mechanics, finite element models have been widely employed in spinal biomechanics research. However, many previous models use homogenization theory and describe each model element as a homogenized combination of fibers and the extrafibrillar matrix while ignoring the role of water content or osmotic behavior. Thus, these models are limited in their ability in investigating subtissue-level mechanics and stress-bearing mechanisms through fluid pressure. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a structure-based bovine caudal disc model, and to evaluate multiscale and multiphasic intervertebral disc mechanics under different loading conditions and with degeneration. The structure-based model was developed based on native disc structure, where fibers and matrix in the annulus fibrosus were described as distinct materials occupying separate volumes. Model parameters were directly obtained from experimental studies without calibration. Under the multiscale validation framework, the model was validated across the joint-, tissue-, and subtissue-levels. Our model accurately predicted multiscale disc responses for 15 of 16 cases, emphasizing the accuracy of the model, as well as the effectiveness and robustness of the multiscale structure-based modeling-validation framework. The model also demonstrated the rim as a weak link for disc failure, highlighting the importance of keeping the cartilage endplate intact when evaluating disc failure mechanisms in vitro. Importantly, results from this study elucidated important fluid-based load-bearing mechanisms and fiber-matrix interactions that are important for understanding disease progression and regeneration in intervertebral discs. In conclusion, the methods presented in this study can be used in conjunction with experimental work to simultaneously investigate disc joint-, tissue-, and subtissue-level mechanics with degeneration, disease, and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Zhou
- Berkeley Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Shiyin Lim
- Berkeley Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Grace D. O’Connell
- Berkeley Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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34
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Dey K, Roca E, Ramorino G, Sartore L. Progress in the mechanical modulation of cell functions in tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:7033-7081. [PMID: 33150878 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, mechanics at multiple stages-nucleus to cell to ECM-underlie multiple physiological and pathological functions from its development to reproduction to death. Under this inspiration, substantial research has established the role of multiple aspects of mechanics in regulating fundamental cellular processes, including spreading, migration, growth, proliferation, and differentiation. However, our understanding of how these mechanical mechanisms are orchestrated or tuned at different stages to maintain or restore the healthy environment at the tissue or organ level remains largely a mystery. Over the past few decades, research in the mechanical manipulation of the surrounding environment-known as substrate or matrix or scaffold on which, or within which, cells are seeded-has been exceptionally enriched in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To do so, traditional tissue engineering aims at recapitulating key mechanical milestones of native ECM into a substrate for guiding the cell fate and functions towards specific tissue regeneration. Despite tremendous progress, a big puzzle that remains is how the cells compute a host of mechanical cues, such as stiffness (elasticity), viscoelasticity, plasticity, non-linear elasticity, anisotropy, mechanical forces, and mechanical memory, into many biological functions in a cooperative, controlled, and safe manner. High throughput understanding of key cellular decisions as well as associated mechanosensitive downstream signaling pathway(s) for executing these decisions in response to mechanical cues, solo or combined, is essential to address this issue. While many reports have been made towards the progress and understanding of mechanical cues-particularly, substrate bulk stiffness and viscoelasticity-in regulating the cellular responses, a complete picture of mechanical cues is lacking. This review highlights a comprehensive view on the mechanical cues that are linked to modulate many cellular functions and consequent tissue functionality. For a very basic understanding, a brief discussion of the key mechanical players of ECM and the principle of mechanotransduction process is outlined. In addition, this review gathers together the most important data on the stiffness of various cells and ECM components as well as various tissues/organs and proposes an associated link from the mechanical perspective that is not yet reported. Finally, beyond addressing the challenges involved in tuning the interplaying mechanical cues in an independent manner, emerging advances in designing biomaterials for tissue engineering are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamol Dey
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
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35
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Pineda Guzman RA, Kersh ME. Replication of the tensile behavior of knee ligaments using architected acrylic yarn. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 118:104339. [PMID: 33744501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Knee ligament injury diagnosis is achieved by a comparison between the laxity levels sensed by a clinician in the injured and healthy limb. This is a difficult-to-learn task that requires hands-on practice to achieve proficiency. The inclusion of a physical knee simulator with biomechanically realistic passive components such as knee ligaments could provide consistent training for medical students and lead to improved care for knee injury patients. In this study, we developed a material construct that is both adaptable to a physical knee model and capable of replicating the non-linear mechanical behavior of knee ligaments with the use of helically arranged acrylic yarn. The microstructure of four different types of acrylic yarn were measured and then tested under uniaxial tension. While the fiber twist angle was similar amongst the four yarn types (range = 17.9-18.8°), one yarn was distinct with a low ply twist angle (15.2 ± 1.6°) and high packing fraction (Φ=0.32±0.08). These microstructural differences yielded a lower toe length and higher stiffness and best corresponded to ligament mechanical behavior. We then made looped-yarn constructs to modulate the sample's toe length and stiffness. We found that the load-displacement curve of the construct can be tuned by changing the loop length and loop number of the looped-yarn constructs, matching the load-displacement curve of specific knee ligaments. This study shows how spun yarn can be used to replicate the mechanical behavior of knee ligaments, creating synthetic ligament constructs that could enable the construction of biomechanically realistic joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto A Pineda Guzman
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Mariana E Kersh
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States.
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Picaut L, Trichet L, Hélary C, Ducourthial G, Bonnin MA, Haye B, Ronsin O, Schanne-Klein MC, Duprez D, Baumberger T, Mosser G. Core-Shell Pure Collagen Threads Extruded from Highly Concentrated Solutions Promote Colonization and Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:626-635. [PMID: 33400500 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The elaboration of scaffolds able to efficiently promote cell differentiation toward a given cell type remains challenging. Here, we engineered dense type I collagen threads with the aim of providing scaffolds with specific morphological and mechanical properties for C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Extrusion of pure collagen solutions at different concentrations (15, 30, and 60 mg/mL) in a PBS 5× buffer generated dense fibrillated collagen threads. For the two highest concentrations, threads displayed a core-shell structure with a marked fibril orientation of the outer layer along the longitudinal axis of the threads. Young's modulus and ultimate tensile stress as high as 1 and 0.3 MPa, respectively, were obtained for the most concentrated collagen threads without addition of any cross-linkers. C3H10T1/2 cells oriented themselves with a mean angle of 15-24° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threads. Cells penetrated the 30 mg/mL scaffolds but remained on the surface of the 60 mg/mL ones. After three weeks of culture, cells displayed strong expression of the tendon differentiation marker Tnmd, especially for the 30 mg/mL threads. These results suggest that both the morphological and mechanical characteristics of collagen threads are key factors in promoting C3H10T1/2 differentiation into tenocytes, offering promising levers to optimize tissue engineering scaffolds for tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Picaut
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne-Université, UPMC Univ Paris 6 and CNRS-UMR 7588, F-75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne-Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS-UMR 7574, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Léa Trichet
- Sorbonne-Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS-UMR 7574, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Sorbonne-Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS-UMR 7574, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Ducourthial
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, IP Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marie-Ange Bonnin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS-UMR 7622, Developmental Biology Laboratory, Inserm U1156, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Bernard Haye
- Sorbonne-Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS-UMR 7574, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Ronsin
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne-Université, UPMC Univ Paris 6 and CNRS-UMR 7588, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claire Schanne-Klein
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, IP Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Delphine Duprez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS-UMR 7622, Developmental Biology Laboratory, Inserm U1156, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tristan Baumberger
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne-Université, UPMC Univ Paris 6 and CNRS-UMR 7588, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gervaise Mosser
- Sorbonne-Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS-UMR 7574, F-75005 Paris, France
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Zhang J, Wang RJ, Chen M, Liu XY, Ma K, Xu HY, Deng WS, Ye YC, Li WX, Chen XY, Sun HT. Collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells improve neurological function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1068-1077. [PMID: 33269752 PMCID: PMC8224125 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One reason for the poor therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation in traumatic brain injury is that exogenous neural stem cells cannot effectively migrate to the local injury site, resulting in poor adhesion and proliferation of neural stem cells at the injured area. To enhance the targeted delivery of exogenous stem cells to the injury site, cell therapy combined with neural tissue engineering technology is expected to become a new strategy for treating traumatic brain injury. Collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds, prepared using a freeze-drying method, have stable physical and chemical properties. These scaffolds also have good cell biocompatibility because of their high porosity, which is suitable for the proliferation and migration of neural stem cells. In the present study, collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells were used to treat a rat model of traumatic brain injury, which was established using the controlled cortical impact method. At 2 months after the implantation of collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells, there was significantly improved regeneration of neurons, nerve fibers, synapses, and myelin sheaths in the injured brain tissue. Furthermore, brain edema and cell apoptosis were significantly reduced, and rat motor and cognitive functions were markedly recovered. These findings suggest that the novel collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffold loaded with neural stem cells can improve neurological function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, China (approval No. 2017-0007.2) on February 10, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Graduate School, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Ren-Jie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Graduate School, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Graduate School, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui-You Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Graduate School, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Wu-Sheng Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Chao Ye
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Graduate School, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Xin Li
- Graduate School, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu-Yi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
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Fortunato RN, Robertson AM, Sang C, Duan X, Maiti S. Effect of macro-calcification on the failure mechanics of intracranial aneurysmal wall tissue. EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS 2021; 61:5-18. [PMID: 33776069 PMCID: PMC7992055 DOI: 10.1007/s11340-020-00657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcification was recently found to be present in the majority of cerebral aneurysms, though how calcification and the presence or absence of co-localized lipid pools affect failure properties is still unknown. OBJECTIVE The primary objective is to quantify the biomechanical effect of a macro-calcification with surrounding Near-Calcification Region (NCR) of varying mechanical properties on tissue failure behavior. METHODS We utilized a structurally informed finite element model to simulate pre-failure and failure behavior of a human cerebral tissue specimen modeled as a composite containing a macro-calcification and surrounding NCR, embedded in a fiber matrix composite. Data from multiple imaging modalities was combined to quantify the collagen organization and calcification geometry. An idealized parametric model utilizing the calibrated model was used to explore the impact of NCR properties on tissue failure. RESULTS Compared to tissue without calcification, peak stress was reduced by 82% and 49% for low modulus (representing lipid pool) and high modulus (simulating increase in calcification size) of the NCR, respectively. Failure process strongly depended on NCR properties with lipid pools blunting the onset of complete failure. When the NCR was calcified, the sample was able to sustain larger overall stress, however the failure process was abrupt with nearly simultaneous failure of the loaded fibers. CONCLUSIONS Failure of calcified vascular tissue is strongly influenced by the ultrastructure in the vicinity of the calcification. Computational modeling of failure in fibrous soft tissues can be used to understand how pathological changes impact the tissue failure process, with potentially important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. N. Fortunato
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
| | - A. M. Robertson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
| | - C. Sang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
| | - X. Duan
- Intelligent Automation Group, PNC Bank, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
| | - S. Maiti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, USA
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39
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Zhou M, Werbner B, O'Connell GD. Fiber engagement accounts for geometry-dependent annulus fibrosus mechanics: A multiscale, Structure-Based Finite Element Study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104292. [PMID: 33453608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of biological tissue mechanics is crucial for designing engineered tissues that aim to recapitulate native tissue behavior. Tensile mechanics of many fiber-reinforced tissues have been shown to depend on specimen geometry, which makes it challenging to compare data between studies. In this study, a validated multiscale, structure-based finite element model was used to evaluate the effect of specimen geometry on multiscale annulus fibrosus tensile mechanics through a fiber engagement analysis. The relationships between specimen geometry and modulus, Poisson's ratio, tissue stress-strain distributions, and fiber reorientation behaviors were investigated at both tissue and sub-tissue levels. It was observed that annulus fibrosus tissue level tensile properties and stress transmission mechanisms were dependent on specimen geometry. The model also demonstrated that the contribution of fiber-matrix interactions to tissue mechanical response was specimen size- and orientation-dependent. The results of this study reinforce the benefits of structure-based finite element modeling in studies investigating multiscale tissue mechanics. This approach also provides guidelines for developing optimal combined computational-experimental study designs for investigating fiber-reinforced biological tissue mechanics. Additionally, findings from this study help explain the geometry dependence of annulus fibrosus tensile mechanics previously reported in the literature, providing a more fundamental and comprehensive understanding of tissue mechanical behavior. In conclusion, the methods presented here can be used in conjunction with experimental tissue level data to simultaneously investigate tissue and sub-tissue scale mechanics, which is important as the field of soft tissue biomechanics advances toward studies that focus on diminishing length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Benjamin Werbner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Grace D O'Connell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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40
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Wang J, Huang C, Wang Y, Chen Y, Ding Z, Yang C, Chen L. Exploration of the single-walled carbon nanotubes’ influence for cartilage repair. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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41
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Khayat M, Deri S, Wolf D, Trigano T, Medalia O, Ben-Harush K. Biomimetic nuclear lamin fibers with remarkable toughness and stiffness. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2060-2067. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Progressive deformation-induced degradation of knee articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. J Biomech 2020; 111:109995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Alhudaithy S, Abdulmalik S, Kumbar SG, Hoshino K. Design, Fabrication, and Validation of a Petri Dish-Compatible PDMS Bioreactor for the Tensile Stimulation and Characterization of Microtissues. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E892. [PMID: 32993158 PMCID: PMC7650815 DOI: 10.3390/mi11100892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on a novel biocompatible micromechanical bioreactor (actuator and sensor) designed for the in situ manipulation and characterization of live microtissues. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an application-targeted sterile bioreactor that is accessible, inexpensive, adjustable, and easily fabricated. Our method relies on a simple polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molding technique for fabrication and is compatible with commonly-used laboratory equipment and materials. Our unique design includes a flexible thin membrane that allows for the transfer of an external actuation into the PDMS beam-based actuator and sensor placed inside a conventional 35 mm cell culture Petri dish. Through computational analysis followed by experimental testing, we demonstrated its functionality, accuracy, sensitivity, and tunable operating range. Through time-course testing, the actuator delivered strains of over 20% to biodegradable electrospun poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) 85:15 non-aligned nanofibers (~91 µm thick). At the same time, the sensor was able to characterize time-course changes in Young's modulus (down to 10-150 kPa), induced by an application of isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Furthermore, the actuator delivered strains of up to 4% to PDMS monolayers (~30 µm thick), simultaneously characterizing their elastic modulus up to ~2.2 MPa. The platform repeatedly applied dynamic (0.23 Hz) tensile stimuli to live Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) cells for 12 hours (h) and recorded the cellular reorientation towards two angle regimes, with averages of -58.85° and +56.02°. The device biocompatibility with live cells was demonstrated for one week, with no signs of cytotoxicity. We can conclude that our PDMS bioreactor is advantageous for low-cost tissue/cell culture micromanipulation studies involving mechanical actuation and characterization. Our device eliminates the need for an expensive experimental setup for cell micromanipulation, increasing the ease of live-cell manipulation studies by providing an affordable way of conducting high-throughput experiments without the need to open the Petri dish, reducing manual handling, cross-contamination, supplies, and costs. The device design, material, and methods allow the user to define the operational range based on their targeted samples/application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soliman Alhudaithy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (S.A.); (S.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Technology, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sama Abdulmalik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (S.A.); (S.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (S.A.); (S.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (S.A.); (S.A.); (S.K.)
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Montalbano G, Borciani G, Cerqueni G, Licini C, Banche-Niclot F, Janner D, Sola S, Fiorilli S, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Ciapetti G, Vitale-Brovarone C. Collagen Hybrid Formulations for the 3D Printing of Nanostructured Bone Scaffolds: An Optimized Genipin-Crosslinking Strategy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1681. [PMID: 32867075 PMCID: PMC7558137 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone-tissue regeneration induced by biomimetic bioactive materials is the most promising approach alternative to the clinical ones used to treat bone loss caused by trauma or diseases such as osteoporosis. The goal is to design nanostructured bioactive constructs able to reproduce the physiological environment: By mimicking the natural features of bone tissue, the cell behavior during the regeneration process may be addressed. At present, 3D-printing technologies are the only techniques able to design complex structures avoiding constraints of final shape and porosity. However, this type of biofabrication requires complex optimization of biomaterial formulations in terms of specific rheological and mechanical properties while preserving high biocompatibility. In this work, we combined nano-sized mesoporous bioactive glasses enriched with strontium ions with type I collagen, to formulate a bioactive ink for 3D-printing technologies. Moreover, to avoid the premature release of strontium ions within the crosslinking medium and to significantly increase the material mechanical and thermal stability, we applied an optimized chemical treatment using ethanol-dissolved genipin solutions. The high biocompatibility of the hybrid system was confirmed by using MG-63 and Saos-2 osteoblast-like cell lines, further highlighting the great potential of the innovative nanocomposite for the design of bone-like scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Montalbano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Giorgia Borciani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Caterina Licini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Federica Banche-Niclot
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Davide Janner
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefania Sola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO,) Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.); (C.L.); (F.B.-N.); (D.J.); (S.S.); (S.F.)
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Frösen J, Cebral J, Robertson AM, Aoki T. Flow-induced, inflammation-mediated arterial wall remodeling in the formation and progression of intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurg Focus 2020; 47:E21. [PMID: 31261126 DOI: 10.3171/2019.5.focus19234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are relatively common lesions that may cause devastating intracranial hemorrhage, thus producing considerable suffering and anxiety in those affected by the disease or an increased likelihood of developing it. Advances in the knowledge of the pathobiology behind intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation, progression, and rupture have led to preclinical testing of drug therapies that would prevent IA formation or progression. In parallel, novel biologically based diagnostic tools to estimate rupture risk are approaching clinical use. Arterial wall remodeling, triggered by flow and intramural stresses and mediated by inflammation, is relevant to both. METHODS This review discusses the basis of flow-driven vessel remodeling and translates that knowledge to the observations made on the mechanisms of IA initiation and progression on studies using animal models of induced IA formation, study of human IA tissue samples, and study of patient-derived computational fluid dynamics models. RESULTS Blood flow conditions leading to high wall shear stress (WSS) activate proinflammatory signaling in endothelial cells that recruits macrophages to the site exposed to high WSS, especially through macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1). This macrophage infiltration leads to protease expression, which disrupts the internal elastic lamina and collagen matrix, leading to focal outward bulging of the wall and IA initiation. For the IA to grow, collagen remodeling and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation are essential, because the fact that collagen does not distend much prevents the passive dilation of a focal weakness to a sizable IA. Chronic macrophage infiltration of the IA wall promotes this SMC-mediated growth and is a potential target for drug therapy. Once the IA wall grows, it is subjected to changes in wall tension and flow conditions as a result of the change in geometry and has to remodel accordingly to avoid rupture. Flow affects this remodeling process. CONCLUSIONS Flow triggers an inflammatory reaction that predisposes the arterial wall to IA initiation and growth and affects the associated remodeling of the UIA wall. This chronic inflammation is a putative target for drug therapy that would stabilize UIAs or prevent UIA formation. Moreover, once this coupling between IA wall remodeling and flow is understood, data from patient-specific flow models can be gathered as part of the diagnostic workup and utilized to improve risk assessment for UIA initiation, progression, and eventual rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhana Frösen
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, and.,2Hemorrhagic Brain Pathology Research Group, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juan Cebral
- 3Bioengineering Department, Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Anne M Robertson
- 4Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Tomohiro Aoki
- 5Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Research Institute, and.,6Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Hafner J, Oelschlaeger C, Willenbacher N. Microrheology imaging of fiber suspensions - a case study for lyophilized collagen I in HCl solutions. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9014-9027. [PMID: 32821895 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01096k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In fiber suspensions with low optical contrast, the in situ characterization of structural properties with conventional microscopy methods fails. However, overlaying subsequent images of multiple particle tracking (MPT) videos including short trajectories usually discarded in MPT analysis allowed for direct visualization of individual fibers and the network structure of lyophilized collagen I (Coll) distributed in hydrochloric acid solutions. MPT yielded a broad distribution of mean square displacements (MSDs). Freely diffusing tracer particles yielded viscosities indicating that, irrespective of concentration, a constant amount of Coll is dissolved in the aqueous phase. Particles found elastically trapped within fibrous Coll structures exhibited a broad range of time-independent MSDs and we propose a structure comprising multiple fiber bundles with dense regions inaccessible to tracers and elastic regions of different stiffness in between. Bulky aggregates inaccessible to the 0.2 μm tracers exist even at low Coll concentrations, a network of slender fibers evolves above the sol-gel transition and these fibers densify with increasing Coll concentration. This novel MPT-based imaging technique possesses great potential to characterize the fiber distribution in and structural properties of a broad range of biological and technical suspensions showing low contrast when imaged with conventional techniques. Thus, MPT imaging and microrheology will help to better understand the effect of fiber distribution and network structure on the viscoelastic properties of complex suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hafner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Claude Oelschlaeger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Norbert Willenbacher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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47
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Tracking Single Cells Motility on Different Substrates. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3030056. [PMID: 32759734 PMCID: PMC7564475 DOI: 10.3390/mps3030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motility is a key property of a cell, required for several physiological processes, including embryonic development, axon guidance, tissue regeneration, gastrulation, immune response, and cancer metastasis. Therefore, the ability to examine cell motility, especially at a single cell level, is important for understanding various biological processes. Several different assays are currently available to examine cell motility. However, studying cell motility at a single cell level can be costly and/or challenging. Here, we describe a method of tracking random cell motility on different substrates such as glass, tissue-culture polystyrene, and type I collagen hydrogels, which can be modified to generate different collagen network microstructures. In this study we tracked MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells using The CytoSMARTTM System (Lonza Group, Basel, Switzerland) for live cell imaging and assessed the average cell migration speed using ImageJ and wrMTrck plugin. Our cost-effective and easy-to-use method allows studying cell motility at a single cell level on different substrates with varying degrees of stiffness and varied compositions. This procedure can be successfully performed in a highly accessible manner with a simple setup.
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Wang R, Yu X, Zhang Y. Mechanical and structural contributions of elastin and collagen fibers to interlamellar bonding in the arterial wall. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 20:93-106. [PMID: 32705413 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The artery relies on interlamellar structural components, mainly elastin and collagen fibers, for maintaining its integrity and resisting dissection propagation. In this study, the contribution of arterial elastin and collagen fibers to interlamellar bonding was studied through mechanical testing, multiphoton imaging and finite element modeling. Steady-state peeling experiments were performed on porcine aortic media and the purified elastin network in the circumferential (Circ) and longitudinal (Long) directions. The peeling force and energy release rate associated with mode-I failure are much higher for aortic media than for the elastin network. Also, longitudinal peeling exhibits a higher energy release rate and strength than circumferential peeling for both the aortic media and elastin. Multiphoton imaging shows the recruitment of both elastin and collagen fibers within the interlamellar space and points to in-plane anisotropy of fiber distributions as a potential mechanism for the direction-dependent phenomena of peeling tests. Three-dimensional finite element models based on cohesive zone model (CZM) of fracture were created to simulate the peeling tests with the interlamellar energy release rate and separation distance at damage initiation obtained directly from peeling test. Our experimental results show that the separation distance at damage initiation is 80 μm for aortic media and 40 μm for elastin. The damage initiation stress was estimated from the model for aortic media (Circ: 60 kPa; Long: 95 kPa) and elastin (Circ: 9 kPa; Long: 14 kPa). The interlamellar separation distance at complete failure was estimated to be 3 - 4 mm for both media and elastin. Furthermore, elastin and collagen fibers both play an important role in bonding of the arterial wall, while collagen has a higher contribution than elastin to interlamellar stiffness, strength and toughness. These results on microstructural interlamellar failure shed light on the pathological development and progression of aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xunjie Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Divison of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Liao J, Huang H. Review on Magnetic Natural Polymer Constructed Hydrogels as Vehicles for Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2574-2594. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huihua Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Natan S, Koren Y, Shelah O, Goren S, Lesman A. Long-range mechanical coupling of cells in 3D fibrin gels. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:1474-1485. [PMID: 32374653 PMCID: PMC7359573 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-01-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When seeded in fibrous gels, pairs of cells or cell aggregates can induce bands of deformed gel, extending to surprisingly long distances in the intercellular medium. The formation of bands has been previously shown and studied in collagen systems. In this study, we strive to further our understanding of this fundamental mechanical mechanism in fibrin, a key element in wound healing and angiogenesis processes. We embedded fibroblast cells in 3D fibrin gels, and monitored band formation by real-time confocal microscopy. Quantitative dynamic analysis of band formation revealed a gradual increase in fiber density and alignment between pairs of cells. Such intercellular bands extended into a large-scale network of mechanically connected cells, in which the connected cells exhibited a more spread morphology than the isolated cells. Moreover, computational modeling demonstrated that the direction of cell-induced force triggering band formation can be applied in a wide range of angles relative to a neighboring cell. Our findings indicate that long-range mechanical coupling between cells is an important mechanism in regulating multicellular processes in reconstituted fibrin gels. As such, it should motivate exploration of this mechanism in studies in vivo, in wound healing or angiogenesis, in which fibrin is contracted by fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Natan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yoni Koren
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ortal Shelah
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shahar Goren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ayelet Lesman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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