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Duan R, Liu Y, Tang D, Lin R, Huang J, Zhao M. IgG1 Is the Optimal Subtype for Treating Atherosclerosis by Inducing M2 Macrophage Differentiation, and Is Independent of the FcγRIIA Gene Polymorphism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065932. [PMID: 36983007 PMCID: PMC10053586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been established that atherosclerosis is an autoimmune disease. However, little is currently known about the role of FcγRIIA in atherosclerosis. Herein, we sought to investigate the relationship between FcγRIIA genotypes and the effectiveness of different IgG subclasses in treating atherosclerosis. We constructed and produced different subtypes of IgG and Fc-engineered antibodies. In vitro, we observed the effect of different subtypes of IgG and Fc-engineered antibodies on the differentiation of CD14+ monocytes from patients or healthy individuals. In vivo, Apoe-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks and administered injections of different CVI-IgG subclasses or Fc-engineered antibodies. Flow cytometry was used to assess the polarization of monocytes and macrophages. Although CVI-IgG4 reduced the release of MCP-1 compared to the other subtypes, IgG4 did not yield an anti-inflammatory effect by induction of human monocyte and macrophage differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, genetic polymorphisms of FcγRIIA were not associated with different CVI-IgG subclasses during the treatment of atherosclerosis. In vivo, CVI-IgG1 decreased Ly6Chigh monocyte differentiation and promoted M2 macrophage polarization. We also found that the secretion of IL-10 was upregulated in the CVI-IgG1-treated group, whereas V11 and GAALIE exerted no significant effect. These findings highlight that IgG1 is the optimal subtype for treating atherosclerosis, and CVI-IgG1 can induce monocyte/macrophage polarization. Overall, these results have important implications for the development of therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dongmei Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Run Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinrong Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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2
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Zhao Y, Wu X, Chen X, Li J, Tian C, Chen J, Xiao C, Zhong G, He S. Calcineurin Signaling Mediates Disruption of the Axon Initial Segment Cytoskeleton after Injury. iScience 2020; 23:100880. [PMID: 32062456 PMCID: PMC7031317 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) cytoskeleton undergoes rapid and irreversible disruption prior to cell death after injury, and loss of AIS integrity can produce profound neurological effects on the nervous system. Here we described a previously unrecognized mechanism for ischemia-induced alterations in AIS integrity. We show that in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons Nav1.6 mostly preserves at the AIS after disruption of the cytoskeleton in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Genetic removal of neurofascin-186 leads to rapid disruption of Nav1.6 following injury, indicating that neurofascin is required for Nav1.6 maintenance at the AIS after cytoskeleton collapse. Importantly, calcineurin inhibition with FK506 fully protects AIS integrity and sufficiently prevents impairments of spatial learning and memory from injury. This study provides evidence that calcineurin activation is primarily involved in initiating disassembly of the AIS cytoskeleton and that maintaining AIS integrity is crucial for therapeutic strategies to facilitate recovery from injury. Ion channels are mostly retained at the AIS after ischemic injury Neurofascin is required for clustering ion channels at the AIS after ischemia Calcineurin inhibition protects AIS structural integrity and function from ischemia Calcineurin inhibition protects cognitive function against impairment by ischemia
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuanyuan Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cuiping Tian
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jiangrui Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, KJL-D423, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Guisheng Zhong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China; iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Shuijin He
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201210, China.
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3
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Henze LA, Luong TT, Boehme B, Masyout J, Schneider MP, Brachs S, Lang F, Pieske B, Pasch A, Eckardt KU, Voelkl J, Alesutan I. Impact of C-reactive protein on osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5445-5462. [PMID: 31377747 PMCID: PMC6710049 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Medial vascular calcification occurs during the aging process and is strongly accelerated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are associated with vascular calcification, cardiovascular events and mortality in CKD patients. CRP is an important promoter of vascular inflammation. Inflammatory processes are critically involved in initiation and progression of vascular calcification. Thus, the present study explored a possible impact of CRP on vascular calcification. We found that CRP promoted osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation and aggravated phosphate-induced osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation and calcification of primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs). These effects were paralleled by increased cellular oxidative stress and corresponding pro-calcific downstream-signaling. Antioxidants or p38 MAPK inhibition suppressed CRP-induced osteo-/chondrogenic signaling and mineralization. Furthermore, silencing of Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa (FCGR2A) blunted the pro-calcific effects of CRP. Vascular CRP expression was increased in the klotho-hypomorphic mouse model of aging as well as in HAoSMCs during calcifying conditions. In conclusion, CRP augments osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells through mechanisms involving FCGR2A-dependent induction of oxidative stress. Thus, systemic inflammation may actively contribute to the progression of vascular calcification.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/metabolism
- Aging/pathology
- Animals
- C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
- Cell Transdifferentiation/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chondrogenesis/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Glucuronidase/genetics
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Humans
- Klotho Proteins
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Osteogenesis/physiology
- Oxidative Stress
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Calcification/etiology
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Henze
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Trang T.D. Luong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Beate Boehme
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Jaber Masyout
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Markus P. Schneider
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brachs
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin 10115, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin (DHZB), Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Andreas Pasch
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
- Calciscon AG, 2560 Nidau-Biel, Switzerland
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Ioana Alesutan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
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Mehrpouri M, Bashash D, Mohammadi MH, Gheydari ME, Satlsar ES, Hamidpour M. Co-culture of Platelets with Monocytes Induced M2 Macrophage Polarization and Formation of Foam Cells: Shedding Light on the Crucial Role of Platelets in Monocyte Differentiation. Turk J Haematol 2019; 36:97-105. [PMID: 30859801 PMCID: PMC6516100 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2018.0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Far beyond hemostasis and thrombosis, significant evidence has indicated the critical role of platelets in atherosclerosis. SDF-1 is among the pro-inflammatory chemokines that are increased in platelets of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The goal of the current work is to identify the in vitro effect of platelets from either CAD patients or healthy volunteers on the induction of macrophages and foam cells. Materials and Methods The expression of SDF-1 on platelet surfaces in CAD patients and healthy volunteers was investigated using flow cytometry. We also evaluated the CXCR4/CXCR7 expression on monocytes from buffy coats of healthy volunteers. The effect of platelets from CAD patients and healthy volunteers on differentiation of monocytes and foam cell formation was evaluated using Oil Red O (ORO) staining. Flow cytometry and real-time PCR were also employed to evaluate surface markers and mRNA expression of genes involved in this process after co-culture of platelets with monocytes. Results Monocytes in co-culture with platelets acquired a spindleshape appearance and ORO-positive lipid droplets. In addition, platelets could induce CD163 expression, as an important marker of M2 macrophage, and upregulate the mRNA expression of the SRB, CD36, ACAT, LXR-α, and ABCA1 genes in monocytes. Notably, platelets of CAD patients with higher expression of SDF-1, increased the expression of genes encoding SRB and CD36 as compared to platelets of healthy volunteers. Conclusion Our results indicate that platelets from CAD patients could provoke monocyte differentiation into macrophages with an M2 phenotype, which in turn may participate in an atheroprotective process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Mehrpouri
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossien Mohammadi
- HSCT Research Centre, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Esmail Gheydari
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Taleghani General Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Shahabi Satlsar
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hamidpour
- HSCT Research Centre, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Liu H, Lin D, Xiang H, Chen W, Zhao S, Peng H, Yang J, Chen P, Chen S, Lu H. The role of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis in atherosclerosis via its two different receptors. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:891-897. [PMID: 28781615 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, it is commonly accepted that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by disorder of the arterial wall. As one of the inflammatory cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. TWEAK, when binding to its initial receptor, fibroblast growth factor inducible molecule 14 (Fn14), exerts adverse biological functions in atherosclerosis, including dysfunction of endothelial cells, phenotypic change of smooth muscle cells and inflammatory responses of monocytes/macrophages. However, accumulating data supports that, besides Fn14, TWEAK also binds to cluster of differentiation (CD)163, an anti-inflammatory cytokine and a scavenger receptor exclusively expressed by monocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that CD163 is able to internalize TWEAK and likely elicits protective effects in atherosclerosis by terminating inflammation induced by TWEAK. In the present study, the role of TWEAK in atherosclerosis was reviewed, with a predominant focus on CD163 and Fn14 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengdao Liu
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Dan Lin
- Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shaoli Zhao
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Peng
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Pan Chen
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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6
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Echeverri Tirado LC, Yassin LM. B cells interactions in lipid immune responses: implications in atherosclerotic disease. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:30. [PMID: 28166809 PMCID: PMC5295187 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is considered as an inflammatory and chronic disorder with an important immunologic component, which underlies the majority of cardiovascular diseases; condition that belongs to a group of noncommunicable diseases that to date and despite of prevention and treatment approaches, they remain as the main cause of death worldwide, with 17.5 million of deaths every year. The impact of lipids in human health and disease is taking center stage in research, due to lipotoxicity explained by elevated concentration of circulating lipids, in addition to altered adipose tissue metabolism, and aberrant intracellular signaling. Immune response and metabolic regulation are highly integrated systems and the proper function of each one is dependent on the other. B lymphocytes express a variety of receptors that can recognize foreign, endogenous or modified self-antigens, among them oxidized low density lipoproteins, which are the main antigens in atherosclerosis. Mechanisms of B cells to recognize, remove and present lipids are not completely clear. However, it has been reported that B cell can recognize/remove lipids through a range of receptors, such as LDLR, CD1d, FcR and SR, which might have an atheroprotector or proatherogenic role during the course of atherosclerotic disease. Pertinent literature related to these receptors was examined to inform the present conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina M Yassin
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad CES, Calle 10 A Nro. 22-04, Medellín, Colombia.
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7
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The Link Between Inflammatory Disorders and Coronary Heart Disease: a Look at Recent Studies and Novel Drugs in Development. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2016; 18:3. [PMID: 26739273 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-015-0557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical component in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), specifically in the process of atherogenesis. Human translational and preclinical studies have demonstrated that inflammation contributes to the development, sustainment, and progression of atherosclerosis, and epidemiological studies demonstrate that human diseases associated with increased systemic inflammation increase the risk of CHD-related events. Therefore, over the last decade, multiple clinical studies were designed to target the inflammatory cascade in order to reduce the risk of CHD and to identify which populations may benefit from these preventative treatment strategies. This review briefly summarizes inflammation as a risk factor in atherosclerosis, human disease states associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, and current treatment strategies for CHD targeting the inflammatory cascade.
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8
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Graversen JH, Moestrup SK. Drug Trafficking into Macrophages via the Endocytotic Receptor CD163. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:228-52. [PMID: 26111002 PMCID: PMC4496642 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In inflammatory diseases, macrophages are a main producer of a range of cytokines regulating the inflammatory state. This also includes inflammation induced by tumor growth, which recruits so-called tumor-associated macrophages supporting tumor growth. Macrophages are therefore relevant targets for cytotoxic or phenotype-modulating drugs in the treatment of inflammatory and cancerous diseases. Such targeting of macrophages has been tried using the natural propensity of macrophages to non-specifically phagocytose circulating foreign particulate material. In addition, the specific targeting of macrophage-expressed receptors has been used in order to obtain a selective uptake in macrophages and reduce adverse effects of off-target delivery of drugs. CD163 is a highly expressed macrophage-specific endocytic receptor that has been studied for intracellular delivery of small molecule drugs to macrophages using targeted liposomes or antibody drug conjugates. This review will focus on the biology of CD163 and its potential role as a target for selective macrophage targeting compared with other macrophage targeting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Heilskov Graversen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000-Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Søren Kragh Moestrup
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000-Odense C, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, 5000-Odense C, Denmark.
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9
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Pedersen SF, Sandholt BV, Keller SH, Hansen AE, Clemmensen AE, Sillesen H, Højgaard L, Ripa RS, Kjær A. 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/MRI for Detection of Activated Macrophages in Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: Studies in Patients Undergoing Endarterectomy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1696-703. [PMID: 25977567 PMCID: PMC4479665 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.305067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A feature of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid artery is high activity and abundance of lesion macrophages. There is consensus that this is of importance for plaque vulnerability, which may lead to clinical events, such as stroke and transient ischemic attack. We used positron emission tomography (PET) and the novel PET ligand [(64)Cu] [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid]-d-Phe1,Tyr3-octreotate ((64)Cu-DOTATATE) to specifically target macrophages via the somatostatin receptor subtype-2 in vivo. APPROACH AND RESULTS Ten patients underwent simultaneous PET/MRI to measure (64)Cu-DOTATATE uptake in carotid artery plaques before carotid endarterectomy. (64)Cu-DOTATATE uptake was significantly higher in symptomatic plaque versus the contralateral carotid artery (P<0.001). Subsequently, a total of 62 plaque segments were assessed for gene expression of selected markers of plaque vulnerability using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. These results were compared with in vivo (64)Cu-DOTATATE uptake calculated as the mean standardized uptake value. Univariate analysis of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and PET showed that cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163) and CD68 gene expression correlated significantly but weakly with mean standardized uptake value in scans performed 85 minutes post injection (P<0.001 and P=0.015, respectively). Subsequent multivariate analysis showed that CD163 correlated independently with (64)Cu-DOTATATE uptake (P=0.031) whereas CD68 did not contribute significantly to the final model. CONCLUSIONS The novel PET tracer (64)Cu-DOTATATE accumulates in atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid artery. CD163 gene expression correlated independently with (64)Cu-DOTATATE uptake measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the final multivariate model, indicating that (64)Cu-DOTATATE PET is detecting alternatively activated macrophages. This association could potentially improve noninvasive identification and characterization of vulnerable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sune Folke Pedersen
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Benjamin Vikjær Sandholt
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune Høgild Keller
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Espe Hansen
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ettrup Clemmensen
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sillesen
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liselotte Højgaard
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Sejersten Ripa
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjær
- From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K., S.H.K., A.E.H.), Cluster for Molecular Imaging (S.F.P., A.E.C., L.H., R.S.R., A.K.), Department of Vascular Surgery (B.V.S., H.S.), Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tanigaki K, Sundgren N, Khera A, Vongpatanasin W, Mineo C, Shaul PW. Fcγ receptors and ligands and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res 2015; 116:368-84. [PMID: 25593280 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.302795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) classically modulate intracellular signaling on binding of the Fc region of IgG in immune response cells. How FcγR and their ligands affect cardiovascular health and disease has been interrogated recently in both preclinical and clinical studies. The stimulation of activating FcγR in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and monocytes/macrophages causes a variety of cellular responses that may contribute to vascular disease pathogenesis. Stimulation of the lone inhibitory FγcR, FcγRIIB, also has adverse consequences in endothelial cells, antagonizing NO production and reparative mechanisms. In preclinical disease models, activating FcγRs promote atherosclerosis, whereas FcγRIIB is protective, and activating FcγRs also enhance thrombotic and nonthrombotic vascular occlusion. The FcγR ligand C-reactive protein (CRP) has undergone intense study. Although in rodents CRP does not affect atherosclerosis, it causes hypertension and insulin resistance and worsens myocardial infarction. Massive data have accumulated indicating an association between increases in circulating CRP and coronary heart disease in humans. However, Mendelian randomization studies reveal that CRP is not likely a disease mediator. CRP genetics and hypertension warrant further investigation. To date, studies of genetic variants of activating FcγRs are insufficient to implicate the receptors in coronary heart disease pathogenesis in humans. However, a link between FcγRIIB and human hypertension may be emerging. Further knowledge of the vascular biology of FcγR and their ligands will potentially enhance our understanding of cardiovascular disorders, particularly in patients whose greater predisposition for disease is not explained by traditional risk factors, such as individuals with autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Tanigaki
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nathan Sundgren
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Amit Khera
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Wanpen Vongpatanasin
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Chieko Mineo
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Philip W Shaul
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology (K.T., N.S., C.M., P.W.S.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (A.K., W.V.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
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Lee BC, Lee H, Park HK, Yang JS, Chung JH. Susceptibility for ischemic stroke in Four Constitution medicine is associated with polymorphisms of FCGR2A and IL1RN genes. Neurol Res 2013; 32 Suppl 1:43-7. [DOI: 10.1179/016164109x12537002793922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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12
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Mallavia B, Oguiza A, Lopez-Franco O, Recio C, Ortiz-Muñoz G, Lazaro I, Lopez-Parra V, Egido J, Gomez-Guerrero C. Gene Deficiency in Activating Fcγ Receptors Influences the Macrophage Phenotypic Balance and Reduces Atherosclerosis in Mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66754. [PMID: 23805273 PMCID: PMC3689671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunity contributes to arterial inflammation during atherosclerosis. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce an autoimmune response characterized by specific antibodies and immune complexes in atherosclerotic patients. We hypothesize that specific Fcγ receptors for IgG constant region participate in atherogenesis by regulating the inflammatory state of lesional macrophages. In vivo we examined the role of activating Fcγ receptors in atherosclerosis progression using bone marrow transplantation from mice deficient in γ-chain (the common signaling subunit of activating Fcγ receptors) to hyperlipidemic mice. Hematopoietic deficiency of Fcγ receptors significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, which was associated with decreased number of macrophages and T lymphocytes, and increased T regulatory cell function. Lesions of Fcγ receptor deficient mice exhibited increased plaque stability, as evidenced by higher collagen and smooth muscle cell content and decreased apoptosis. These effects were independent of changes in serum lipids and antibody response to oxidized low-density lipoproteins. Activating Fcγ receptor deficiency reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression, nuclear factor-κB activity, and M1 macrophages at the lesion site, while increasing anti-inflammatory genes and M2 macrophages. The decreased inflammation in the lesions was mirrored by a reduced number of classical inflammatory monocytes in blood. In vitro, lack of activating Fcγ receptors attenuated foam cell formation, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory gene expression, and increased M2-associated genes in murine macrophages. Our study demonstrates that activating Fcγ receptors influence the macrophage phenotypic balance in the artery wall of atherosclerotic mice and suggests that modulation of Fcγ receptor-mediated inflammatory responses could effectively suppress atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beñat Mallavia
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Oguiza
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Lopez-Franco
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Carlota Recio
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Ortiz-Muñoz
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Iolanda Lazaro
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Lopez-Parra
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gomez-Guerrero
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The hemoglobin (Hb) scavenger receptor, CD163, is a macrophage-specific protein and the upregulated expression of this receptor is one of the major changes in the macrophage switch to alternative activated phenotypes in inflammation. Accordingly, a high CD163 expression in macrophages is a characteristic of tissues responding to inflammation. The scavenging of the oxidative and proinflammatory Hb leading to stimulation of the heme-oxygenase-1 and production of anti-inflammatory heme metabolites indicates that CD163 thereby indirectly contributes to the anti-inflammatory response. RECENT ADVANCES In addition to this biological role in inflammation, CD163 is a potential inflammation biomarker and a therapeutic target. The biomarker form of CD163 is the soluble plasma CD163 that arises from the increased shedding of CD163 mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cleaving enzyme. This explains that a steadily increasing literature documents that the plasma level of soluble CD163 is increased in a large spectrum of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. The nonshed membrane form of CD163 in macrophages constitutes a target for drugs to be directed to macrophages in inflammation. This approach has been used in an animal inflammation model to highly increase the apparent therapeutic index of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid drug that was coupled to an anti-CD163 antibody. Furthermore, other recent animal data, which indirectly involve CD163 in macrophages, demonstrate that injections of haptoglobin attenuate Hb-induced damages after blood transfusion. CRITICAL ISSUES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS The diagnostic and therapeutic properties of CD163 await further clinical studies and regulatory approval before implementation in the clinic.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/chemistry
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Haptoglobins/metabolism
- Hemoglobins/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammation/diagnosis
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/therapy
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Etzerodt
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Søren K. Moestrup
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Kelesidis T, Kendall MA, Yang OO, Hodis HN, Currier JS. Biomarkers of microbial translocation and macrophage activation: association with progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-1 infection. J Infect Dis 2012; 206:1558-67. [PMID: 23066162 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between soluble CD14 (sCD14), endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), and progression of atherosclerosis have not been defined in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS We retrospectively assessed serum sCD14 and LPS levels of 91 subjects in a prospective 3-year study of carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) (AIDS Clinical Trials Group [ACTG] 5078), where subjects were enrolled as risk factor-controlled triads of HIV-uninfected (n = 36) and HIV-infected individuals with (n = 29) or without (n = 26) protease inhibitor (PI)-based therapy for ≥2 years. The primary end point was the yearly rate of change of CIMT (ΔCIMT). RESULTS In multivariate analysis of the HIV-infected subjects, each 1 µg/mL above the mean of baseline serum sCD14 corresponded to an additional 1.52 µm/y (95% confidence interval, .07-2.98; P = .04) in the ΔCIMT. Every 100 pg/mL above the mean of baseline serum LPS corresponded to an additional 0.49 µm/y (95% confidence interval, .18-.81; P = .003) in the ΔCIMT. However, in univariate analysis in the HIV-uninfected group sCD14 (P = .33) and LPS (P = .27) levels were not associated with higher ΔCIMT. HIV infection and PI therapy were not associated with baseline serum LPS and sCD14 levels (P > .1). CONCLUSIONS Our data are among the first to suggest that serum biomarkers of microbial translocation (LPS) and macrophage activation (sCD14) predict subclinical atherosclerosis progression in HIV-infected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90035, USA
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15
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Subramanian S, Tawakol A, Burdo TH, Abbara S, Wei J, Vijayakumar J, Corsini E, Abdelbaky A, Zanni MV, Hoffmann U, Williams KC, Lo J, Grinspoon SK. Arterial inflammation in patients with HIV. JAMA 2012; 308:379-86. [PMID: 22820791 PMCID: PMC3724172 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.6698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease is increased in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but the specific mechanisms are unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess arterial wall inflammation in HIV, using 18fluorine-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET), in relationship to traditional and nontraditional risk markers, including soluble CD163 (sCD163), a marker of monocyte and macrophage activation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study of 81 participants investigated between November 2009 and July 2011 at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Twenty-seven participants with HIV without known cardiac disease underwent cardiac 18F-FDG-PET for assessment of arterial wall inflammation and coronary computed tomography scanning for coronary artery calcium. The HIV group was compared with 2 separate non-HIV control groups. One control group (n = 27) was matched to the HIV group for age, sex, and Framingham risk score (FRS) and had no known atherosclerotic disease (non-HIV FRS-matched controls). The second control group (n = 27) was matched on sex and selected based on the presence of known atherosclerotic disease (non-HIV atherosclerotic controls). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Arterial inflammation was prospectively determined as the ratio of FDG uptake in the arterial wall of the ascending aorta to venous background as the target-to-background ratio (TBR). RESULTS Participants with HIV demonstrated well-controlled HIV disease (mean [SD] CD4 cell count, 641 [288] cells/μL; median [interquartile range] HIV-RNA level, <48 [<48 to <48] copies/mL). All were receiving antiretroviral therapy (mean [SD] duration, 12.3 [4.3] years). The mean FRS was low in both HIV and non-HIV FRS-matched control participants (6.4; 95% CI, 4.8-8.0 vs 6.6; 95% CI, 4.9-8.2; P = .87). Arterial inflammation in the aorta (aortic TBR) was higher in the HIV group vs the non-HIV FRS-matched control group (2.23; 95% CI, 2.07-2.40 vs 1.89; 95% CI, 1.80-1.97; P < .001), but was similar compared with the non-HIV atherosclerotic control group (2.23; 95% CI, 2.07-2.40 vs 2.13; 95% CI, 2.03-2.23; P = .29). Aortic TBR remained significantly higher in the HIV group vs the non-HIV FRS-matched control group after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (P = .002) and in stratified analyses among participants with undetectable viral load, zero calcium, FRS of less than 10, a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of less than 100 mg/dL (<2.59 mmol/L), no statin use, and no smoking (all P ≤ .01). Aortic TBR was associated with sCD163 level (P = .04) but not with C-reactive protein (P = .65) or D-dimer (P = .08) among patients with HIV. CONCLUSION Participants infected with HIV vs noninfected control participants with similar cardiac risk factors had signs of increased arterial inflammation, which was associated with a circulating marker of monocyte and macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Subramanian
- MR-PET-CT Program and Department of Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Burdo TH, Lo J, Abbara S, Wei J, DeLelys ME, Preffer F, Rosenberg ES, Williams KC, Grinspoon S. Soluble CD163, a novel marker of activated macrophages, is elevated and associated with noncalcified coronary plaque in HIV-infected patients. J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1227-36. [PMID: 21917896 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages may contribute to increased atherosclerosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. We investigate--to our knowledge, for the first time--sCD163 and other markers of monocyte activation in relationship to atherosclerotic plaque in HIV-infected patients. METHODS One hundred two HIV-infected and 41 HIV-seronegative men with equivalent cardiovascular risk factors and without history of coronary artery disease were prospectively recruited and underwent computed tomography coronary angiography. RESULTS sCD163 levels and presence of plaque were significantly higher among antiretroviral-treated subjects with undetectable HIV RNA levels, compared with seronegative controls (1172 ± 646 vs. 883 ± 561 ng/mL [P = .02] for sCD163 and 61% vs. 39% [P = .03] for presence of plaque). After adjusting for age, race, lipids, blood pressure, glucose, smoking, sCD14, and HIV infection, sCD163 remained independently associated with noncalcified plaque (P = .008). Among HIV-infected patients, sCD163 was associated with coronary segments with noncalcified plaque (r = 0.21; P = .04), but not with calcium score. In contrast, markers of generalized inflammation, including C-reactive protein level, and D-dimer were not associated with sCD163 or plaque among HIV-infected patients. CONCLUSIONS sCD163, a monocyte/macrophage activation marker, is increased in association with noncalcified coronary plaque in men with chronic HIV infection and low or undetectable viremia. These data suggest a potentially important role of chronic monocyte/macrophage activation in the development of noncalcified vulnerable plaque. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00455793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia H Burdo
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
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Gómez-Guerrero C, Mallavia B, Egido J. Targeting Inflammation in Cardiovascular Diseases. Still a Neglected field? Cardiovasc Ther 2011; 30:e189-97. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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The inhibitory FcγRIIb modulates the inflammatory response and influences atherosclerosis in male apoE(-/-) mice. Atherosclerosis 2010; 214:73-80. [PMID: 21084088 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is widely accepted as an inflammatory disease involving both innate and adaptive immunity. B cells and/or antibodies have previously been shown to play a protective role against atherosclerosis. Aside from their ability to bind to antigens, antibodies can influence inflammatory responses by interacting with various Fcγ receptors on the surface of antigen presenting cells. Although studies in mice have determined that stimulatory Fcγ receptors contribute to atherosclerosis, the role of the inhibitory Fcγ receptor IIb (FcγRIIb) has only recently been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the importance of FcγRIIb in modulating the adaptive immune response to hyperlipidemia, we generated FcγRIIb-deficient mice on the apoE-deficient background (apoE/FcγRIIb(-/-)). We report that male apoE/FcγRIIb(-/-) mice develop exacerbated atherosclerosis that is independent of lipid levels, and is characterized by increased antibody titers to modified LDL and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the aorta. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that antibodies against atherosclerosis-associated antigens partially protect against atherosclerosis in male apoE(-/-) mice by conveying inhibitory signals through the FcγRIIb that downregulate pro-inflammatory signaling via other immune receptors. These data are the first to describe a significant in vivo effect for FcγRIIb in modulating the cytokine response in the aorta in male apoE(-/-) mice.
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Dayangku Fatiha Pengiran Burut, Karim Y, Ferns GAA. The Role of Immune Complexes in Atherogenesis. Angiology 2010; 61:679-89. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319710366124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is now recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease and is characterized by features of inflammation at all stages of its development. It also appears to display elements of autoimmunity, and several autoantibodies including those directed against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and heat shock proteins (Hsps) have been identified in atherosclerosis. Immune complexes (ICs) may form between these antigens and autoantibodies and via Fc receptor signaling and complement activation may modulate the inflammation in atherosclerosis. Antibody isotype may direct the role that ICs play in atherogenesis, immunoglobulin G (IgG) being potentially pro-atherogenic and immunoglobulin M (IgM) playing a protective role. Therapeutic options targeting complement activation and those which are potentially Fc-receptor mediated have been investigated in animal models, though targeting Fc receptor signaling is an area that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousuf Karim
- Department of Immunology, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Egerton Rd, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XX, UK
| | - Gordon A. A. Ferns
- Institute of Science & Technology in Medicine, University of Keele, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, ST4 7QB, UK,
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Zhao M, Wigren M, Dunér P, Kolbus D, Olofsson KE, Björkbacka H, Nilsson J, Fredrikson GN. FcγRIIB Inhibits the Development of Atherosclerosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:2253-60. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Mahajan N, Dhawan V. Inhibition of C-reactive protein induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases by atorvastatin in THP-1 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 338:77-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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22
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Willemsen H, van der Horst I, Nieuwland W, Slart R, Zeebregts C, de Boef E, Schuitemaker J, Zijlstra F, Tio R. The diagnostic value of soluble CD163 in patients presenting with chest pain. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:1662-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Susceptibility for ischemic stroke in Korean population is associated with polymorphisms of the Fc gamma receptor IIA. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2009; 20:353-7. [PMID: 19357503 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0b013e32832a86fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fc gamma receptor IIA could influence atherogenic processes through the production of superoxide anions, cytokines, and proteolytic enzymes as well as by oxidation of lipoproteins and enhancement of foam cell formation. In this study, we performed an interaction analysis between FCGR2A polymorphisms and ischemic stroke using direct DNA sequencing after the selection of Fc gamma receptor IIA gene based on genome-wide association study. Four of the FCGR2A polymorphisms, rs7511868 [odds ratio (OR) = 3.21; P = 0.027], rs6427595 (OR = 3.12; P = 0.008), rs7512140 (OR = 5.71; P = 0.002), and rs6696854 (OR = 3.65; P = 0.004) were significantly associated with ischemic stroke. These four polymorphisms still showed significant association after stratification analysis using the Mantel-Haenszel method. In the multivariate logistic regression, the adjusted OR estimates for rs6427595, rs7512140, and rs6696854 were 3.04 (P = 0.016), 4.84 (P = 0.015), and 3.80 (P = 0.006), respectively. The diplotype consisting of two homozygous haplotypes (H2 = AAAC) was significantly associated with ischemic stroke (OR = 17.39; P < 0.001). These results suggest that FCGR2A polymorphisms may be associated with a genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke in a Korean population.
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Sämpi M, Ukkola O, Päivänsalo M, Kesäniemi YA, Hörkkö S. Early atherosclerosis and IgG2 to bacteria are associated with FcgammaRIIa genotype in non-smokers. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39:517-26. [PMID: 19490059 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involvement of low density lipoprotein (LDL) immune complexes (ICs) in atherogenesis has been proposed. Human FcgammaRIIa receptor (CD32) plays a crucial role in the phagocytosis of IgG(2) ICs and a functional point mutation 131His/Arg diminishes IgG(2) binding to the receptor. STUDY DESIGN We examined FcgammaRIIa-131His/Arg polymorphism, IgG(2) antibody titres to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) and Streptococcus pneumoniae cell wall polysaccharide (CWPS) and subclinical atherosclerosis in a large cohort of Finnish subjects (n = 1041). RESULTS Non-smoking subjects with homozygous 131His/His genotype had more premature atherosclerosis (P = 0.004) and higher IgG(2) to bacterial CWPS (P = 0.002) compared with other genotypes. Smoking subjects had significantly higher intima-media thickness (IMT) than that of non-smokers (P < 0.001) and genotype-dependent associations were indistinct. There was no association between FcgammaRIIa genotype and antibody titres to OxLDL. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that FcgammaRIIa 131His/Arg polymorphism is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in non-smoking subjects. Furthermore, FcgammaRIIa genotype is associated with IgG(2) titres to bacterial CWPS, but not to OxLDL. These data propose possible involvement of FcgammaRIIa receptor in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sämpi
- University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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25
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Karakas M, Hoffmann MM, Vollmert C, Rothenbacher D, Meisinger C, Winkelmann B, Khuseyinova N, Böhm BO, Illig T, März W, Koenig W. Genetic variation in Fc gamma receptor IIa and risk of coronary heart disease: negative results from two large independent populations. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:46. [PMID: 19480687 PMCID: PMC2695426 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the Fc gamma receptor IIa (Fc gamma RIIa), a receptor for C-reactive protein (CRP), the classical acute phase protein, in atherosclerosis is not yet clear. We sought to investigate the association of Fc gamma RIIa genotype with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in two large population-based samples. METHODS Fc gamma RIIa-R/H131 polymorphisms were determined in a population of 527 patients with a history of myocardial infarction and 527 age and gender matched controls drawn from a population-based MONICA- Augsburg survey. In the LURIC population, 2227 patients with angiographically proven CHD, defined as having at least one stenosis >or= 50%, were compared with 1032 individuals with stenosis <50%. RESULTS In both populations genotype frequencies of the Fc gamma RIIa gene did not show a significant departure from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Fc gamma RIIa R(-131) --> H genotype was not independently associated with lower risk of CHD after multivariable adjustments, neither in the MONICA population (odds ratio (OR) 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81 to 1.44), nor in LURIC (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.14). CONCLUSION Our results do not confirm an independent relationship between Fc gamma RIIa genotypes and risk of CHD in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Karakas
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm, Germany.
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Mayr M, Grainger D, Mayr U, Leroyer AS, Leseche G, Sidibe A, Herbin O, Yin X, Gomes A, Madhu B, Griffiths JR, Xu Q, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM. Proteomics, metabolomics, and immunomics on microparticles derived from human atherosclerotic plaques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:379-88. [PMID: 20031610 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.108.842849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microparticles (MPs) with procoagulant activity are present in human atherosclerosis, but no detailed information is available on their composition. METHODS AND RESULTS To obtain insights into the role of MPs in atherogenesis, MP proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry, metabolite profiles were determined by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and antibody reactivity was assessed against combinatorial antigen libraries. Plaque MPs expressed surface antigens consistent with their leukocyte origin, including major histocompatibility complex classes I and II, and induced a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on T-cell proliferation. Notably, taurine, the most abundant free organic acid in human neutrophils, which scavenges myeloperoxidase-catalyzed free radicals, was highly enriched in plaque MPs. Moreover, fluorescent labeling of proteins on the MP surface suggested immunoglobulins to be trapped inside, which was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis on permeabilized and nonpermeabilized plaque MPs. Colabeling for CD14 and IgG established that more than 90% of the IgG containing MPs were CD14(+), indicating a macrophage origin. Screening against an antigen library revealed that the immunologic profiles of antibodies in MPs were similar to those found in plaques but differed profoundly from antibodies in plasma and unexpectedly, showed strong reactions with oligosaccharide antigens, in particular blood group antigen A. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that immunoglobulins are present within MPs derived from plaque macrophages, that the portfolio of plaque antibodies is different from circulating antibodies in plasma, and that anticarbohydrate antibodies are retained in human atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mayr
- Cardiovascular Division, King's BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Ortiz-Muñoz G, Martin-Ventura JL, Hernandez-Vargas P, Mallavia B, Lopez-Parra V, Lopez-Franco O, Muñoz-Garcia B, Fernandez-Vizarra P, Ortega L, Egido J, Gomez-Guerrero C. Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling Modulate JAK/STAT-Mediated Cell Responses During Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:525-31. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.173781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Ortiz-Muñoz
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Martin-Ventura
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Purificacion Hernandez-Vargas
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beñat Mallavia
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Lopez-Parra
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Lopez-Franco
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Muñoz-Garcia
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Fernandez-Vizarra
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ortega
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gomez-Guerrero
- From Renal and Vascular Inflammation (G.O.-M., P.H.-V., B.M., V.L.-P., P.F.-V., C.G.-G.) and the Vascular Research Laboratory (J.L.M.-V., B.M.-G., J.E.), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University; and the Biochemistry Department (O.L.-F.) and Hospital Clinico San Carlos (L.O.), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Devaraj S, Yun JM, Duncan-Staley C, Jialal I. C-reactive protein induces M-CSF release and macrophage proliferation. J Leukoc Biol 2008; 85:262-7. [PMID: 19008293 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0808458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is pivotal in atherosclerosis. M-CSF regulates macrophage growth and differentiation and plays a role in atherogenesis. C-reactive protein (CRP), a cardiovascular risk marker, may promote atherogenesis. However, the effects of CRP on M-CSF release and subsequent macrophage proliferation have not been examined previously. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were incubated with boiled CRP or native CRP 12.5, 25, and 50 microg/mL for 12-15 h, and M-CSF release was examined by flow cytometry and ELISA. CRP resulted in a significant and dose-dependent increase in M-CSF mRNA and secretion from HAEC as well as human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM; P<0.01). Furthermore, conditioned medium (5%) from HAEC pretreated with CRP, when incubated with HMDM, increased macrophage proliferation significantly. This was blocked with M-CSF antibody but not irrelevant antibody. Inhibition of NF-kappaB resulted in significant abrogation of CRP-induced M-CSF release and subsequent macrophage proliferation. Antibodies to CD32 and CD64 but not CD16 abrogated CRP-induced M-CSF release. Thus, CRP up-regulates M-CSF release from HMDM and HAEC and increased macrophage proliferation. These effects appear to be mediated via activation of NF-kappaB via CD32 and CD64. These studies provide further evidence for a proatherogenic role for CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Devaraj
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Sumiyoshi K, Mokuno H, Iesaki T, Shimada K, Miyazaki T, Kume A, Kiyanagi T, Kuremoto K, Watanabe Y, Tada N, Daida H. Deletion of the Fc receptors chain preserves endothelial function affected by hypercholesterolaemia in mice fed on a high-fat diet. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 80:463-70. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Masuda M, Amano K, Hong SY, Nishimura N, Fukui M, Yoshika M, Komiyama Y, Masaki H, Iwasaka T, Takahashi H. Soluble FcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) levels in plasma correlate with carotid maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) in subjects undergoing an annual medical checkup. Mol Med 2008; 14:436-42. [PMID: 18475309 DOI: 10.2119/2007-00113.masuda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a major role in the development of vascular lesions in atherogenesis. The cells express FcgammaRIIIa (CD16) identical to that in NK cells, but with a cell type-specific glycosylation, and these soluble forms (sFcgammaRIIIa) are present in plasma. We measured sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) derived from macrophages in plasma from subjects undergoing an annual medical checkup. The levels of sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) increased with age, and correlated positively with body mass index, blood pressure, LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, and creatinine, but negatively with HDL-cholesterol levels. The sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) levels were related to the number of risk factors for atherosclerosis: such as aging, current smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and family history of atherosclerotic diseases. In addition, the sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) levels were correlated with carotid maximum intima-media thickness (IMT). These findings indicate the macrophages are activated during the incipient stage of atherosclerosis, and suggest sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) may be used as a predictive marker for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Masuda
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
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31
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Devaraj S, Dasu MR, Singh U, Rao LVM, Jialal I. C-reactive protein stimulates superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity in vivo. Atherosclerosis 2008; 203:67-74. [PMID: 18621373 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP), the prototypic marker of inflammation, is a cardiovascular risk marker and recent in vitro studies suggest that it may promote atherogenesis. CRP promotes oxidative stress in vitro and induces tissue factor (TF) release. However, there is a paucity of data examining the effects of CRP on oxidative stress and tissue factor procoagulant activity (PCA) in vivo. Thus, we tested the effects of CRP administration on superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity and examined mechanistic pathways using a rat sterile air pouch model. Intraperitoneal administration of CRP (20mg/kg body weight) compared to human serum albumin (HuSA) increased superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity from peritoneal macrophages in vivo (p<0.01). This was confirmed using intrapouch administration of CRP (25mug/mL) compared to HuSA. Pretreatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor significantly abrogated CRP-induced superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity. Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo. CRP-induced tissue factor activity in vivo was abrogated by pretreatment with inhibitors to p38MAPK, JNK and NFkappab (nuclear factor-kappab), but not ERK. Antibodies to Fc gamma receptors, CD32 and CD64 resulted in significant reduction in CRP-induced superoxide and tissue factor activity in vivo. Thus, CRP appears to induce oxidative stress in vivo by stimulating NADPH oxidase via PKC, ERK and JNK phosphorylation, and induces tissue factor PCA in vivo via upregulation of PKC, p38MAPK, JNK, ROS and NFkappab. CRP-induced ROS appears to precede tissue factor release. These effects are abrogated by blocking Fc gamma receptors, CD32 and CD64. This in vivo demonstration provides further evidence for a role for CRP in atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Devaraj
- The Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
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Yamazaki H, Ohta K, Tsukiji H, Toma T, Hashida Y, Ishizaki A, Saito T, Arai S, Koizumi S, Yachie A. Corticosteroid enhances heme oxygenase-1 production by circulating monocytes by up-regulating hemoglobin scavenger receptor and amplifying the receptor-mediated uptake of hemoglobin–haptoglobin complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 358:506-12. [PMID: 17490617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between steroid treatment and CD163-mediated downstream pathways linked to inflammatory resolution. Twelve patients referred for congenital heart disease surgery were divided into two groups based on the severity of intravascular hemolysis during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Patients with severe intravascular hemolysis were administered haptoglobin during the procedure. Flow cytometry indicated a peak in monocyte CD163 expression on post-operative day 1 in both groups. Enhanced and prolonged heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA expression levels were observed in patients who received haptoglobin. Binding of hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex (Hb/Hp) to CD163 resulted in significant induction of HO-1 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exposure to dexamethasone prior to culture. This effect was significantly inhibited by anti-CD163 antibody. Our results demonstrated up-regulation of CD163 expression on the monocyte surface by steroid treatment. Steroid treatment was suggested to facilitate CD163-mediated endocytosis of hemoglobin to monocytes/macrophages and thereby induce acceleration of HO-1 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Japan
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Diego VP, Rainwater DL, Wang XL, Cole SA, Curran JE, Johnson MP, Jowett JBM, Dyer TD, Williams JT, Moses EK, Comuzzie AG, Maccluer JW, Mahaney MC, Blangero J. Genotype x adiposity interaction linkage analyses reveal a locus on chromosome 1 for lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, a marker of inflammation and oxidative stress. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:168-77. [PMID: 17160904 PMCID: PMC1785310 DOI: 10.1086/510497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because obesity leads to a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress, we hypothesized that the contribution of genes to variation in a biomarker of these two processes may be influenced by the degree of adiposity. We tested this hypothesis using samples from the San Antonio Family Heart Study that were assayed for activity of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), a marker of inflammation and oxidative stress. Using an approach to model discrete genotypexenvironment (GxE) interaction, we assigned individuals to one of two discrete diagnostic states (or "adiposity environments"): nonobese or obese, according to criteria suggested by the World Health Organization. We found a genomewide maximum LOD of 3.39 at 153 cM on chromosome 1 for Lp-PLA(2). Significant GxE interaction for Lp-PLA(2) at the genomewide maximum (P=1.16 x 10(-4)) was also found. Microarray gene-expression data were analyzed within the 1-LOD interval of the linkage signal on chromosome 1. We found two transcripts--namely, for Fc gamma receptor IIA and heat-shock protein (70 kDa)--that were significantly associated with Lp-PLA(2) (P<.001 for both) and showed evidence of cis-regulation with nominal LOD scores of 2.75 and 13.82, respectively. It would seem that there is a significant genetic response to the adiposity environment in this marker of inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, we conclude that GxE interaction analyses can improve our ability to identify and localize quantitative-trait loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Diego
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, 78245-0549, USA.
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Hernández-Vargas P, Ortiz-Muñoz G, López-Franco O, Suzuki Y, Gallego-Delgado J, Sanjuán G, Lázaro A, López-Parra V, Ortega L, Egido J, Gómez-Guerrero C. Fcgamma receptor deficiency confers protection against atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Circ Res 2006; 99:1188-96. [PMID: 17053192 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000250556.07796.6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
IgG Fc receptors (FcgammaRs) play a role in activating the immune system and in maintaining peripheral tolerance, but their role in atherosclerosis is unknown. We generated double-knockout (DKO) mice by crossing apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE(-/-)) with FcgammaR gamma chain-deficient mice (gamma(-/-)). The size of atherosclerotic lesions along the aorta was approximately 50% lower in DKO compared with apoE(-/-) control mice, without differences in serum lipid levels. The macrophage and T-cell content of lesions in the DKO were reduced by 49+/-6% and 56+/-8%, respectively, compared with the content in apoE(-/-) lesions. Furthermore, the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), RANTES (Regulated on Activated Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) were significantly reduced in aortic lesions from DKO mice. In vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from both gamma(-/-) and DKO mice failed to respond to immune complexes, as shown by impaired chemokine expression and NF-kappaB activation. ApoE(-/-) mice have higher levels of activating FcgammaRI and FcgammaRIIIA, and inhibitory FcgammaRIIB, compared with wild-type mice. The DKO mice express only the inhibitory FcgammaRIIB receptor. We conclude that FcgammaR deficiency limits development and progression of atherosclerosis. In addition to leukocytes, FcgammaR activation in VSMCs contributes to the inflammatory process, in part, by regulating chemokine expression and leukocyte invasion of the vessel wall. These results underscore the critical role of FcgammaRs in atherogenesis and support the use of immunotherapy in the treatment of this disease.
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Masuda M, Miyoshi H, Kobatake S, Nishimura N, Dong XH, Komiyama Y, Takahashi H. Increased soluble FcγRIIIaMϕ in plasma from patients with coronary artery diseases. Atherosclerosis 2006; 188:377-83. [PMID: 16310791 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2005] [Revised: 08/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the underlying disease process in patients affected with coronary artery diseases (CAD). Macrophages play a major role in the development of vascular lesions in atherogenesis. The cells express Fcgamma receptor type IIIa (FcgammaRIIIa: CD16) identical to that in natural killer cells (NK cells), but with a cell type-specific glycosylation. In contrast, neutrophils express FcgammaRIIIb. These FcgammaRIIIs are released from the cell surface on activation, and these soluble forms (sFcgammaRIII) are present in the plasma. We measured sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) in the plasma with a newly developed anti-FcgammaRIII mAb, MKGR14, which recognizes FcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) specifically. The level of sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi), as well as the level of sFcgammaRIIIa (sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) plus sFcgammaRIIIa(NK)) or the level of total sFcgammaRIII (sFcgammaRIIIa plus sFcgammaRIIIb), were significantly increased in patients with CAD, but not in patients with vasospastic angina (VSA) or intact coronary arteries, compared with age-matched healthy donors. The sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) level was related to the number of significantly affected coronary arteries, and positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratios, but negatively with HDL-cholesterol. No correlation among the levels of three sFcgammaRIIIs was observed in CAD patients, as well as in healthy donors. The macrophages are activated during the process of atherosclerosis, and sFcgammaRIIIa(Mphi) may serve as a novel marker for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Masuda
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 Fumizonocho, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan.
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Singh U, Devaraj S, Dasu MR, Ciobanu D, Reusch J, Jialal I. C-reactive protein decreases interleukin-10 secretion in activated human monocyte-derived macrophages via inhibition of cyclic AMP production. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26:2469-75. [PMID: 16917108 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000241572.05292.fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C-Reactive protein (CRP), a cardiovascular risk marker, could also participate in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques express CRP and interleukin (IL)-10, a major antiinflammatory cytokine. IL-10 deficiency results in increased lesion formation, whereas IL-10 delivery attenuates lesions. We tested the effect of CRP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-10 secretion in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs). METHODS AND RESULTS Incubation of HMDMs with CRP significantly decreased LPS-induced IL-10 mRNA and intracellular and secreted IL-10 protein and destabilized IL-10 mRNA. Also, CRP alone increased secretion of IL-8, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor from HMDMs and did not inhibit LPS-induced secretion of these cytokines. Fc gamma receptor I antibodies significantly reversed CRP-mediated IL-10 inhibition. CRP significantly decreased intracellular cAMP, phospho-cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB), and adenyl cyclase activity. cAMP agonists reversed CRP-mediated IL-10 inhibition. Overexpression of wild-type and constitutively active CREB in THP-1 cells revealed attenuation of the inhibitory effect of CRP on LPS-induced IL-10 levels. CRP also inhibited hemoglobin:haptoglobin-induced IL-10 and heme oxygenase-1. Furthermore, administration of human CRP to rats significantly decreased IL-10 levels. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that CRP, by decreasing IL-10 alters the antiinflammatory/proinflammatory balance, accentuating inflammation, which is pivotal in atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Singh
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Ghazalpour A, Wang X, Lusis AJ, Mehrabian M. Complex inheritance of the 5-lipoxygenase locus influencing atherosclerosis in mice. Genetics 2006; 173:943-51. [PMID: 16624897 PMCID: PMC1526544 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.106.057455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously mapped a locus on chromosome 6 with a large effect (LOD > 6) on aortic lesion size in a (C57BL/6J x CAST/Ei) F(2) cross and identified arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) as a candidate gene in this region. Subsequent studies with the 5LO knockout model showed effects on atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms. We now report detailed genetic analysis of the chromosome 6 locus. We created a panel of overlapping and reciprocal subcongenic lines from the B6.CAST Ldlr(-/-) chromosome 6 congenic strain (CON6.Ldlr(-/-)) and analyzed aortic lesion size in different subcongenic lines. Our results revealed that there are at least two subregions, designated as Ath37 and Ath38 that affect the size of aortic lesions independently of 5LO. We also showed that homozygote 5LO null mice develop smaller atherosclerotic lesions. We conclude that the relation between the mouse chromosome 6 locus and atherosclerosis is complex and is due to at least two genes with large effects within this region. This complexity should be considered when interpreting results of knockout studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatole Ghazalpour
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679, USA
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Oksjoki R, Kovanen PT, Lindstedt KA, Jansson B, Pentikäinen MO. OxLDL–IgG Immune Complexes Induce Survival of Human Monocytes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26:576-83. [PMID: 16373614 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000201041.14438.8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune complexes containing oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) particles are deposited in human atherosclerotic lesions during atherogenesis. Here we studied whether OxLDL-IgG immune complexes (OxLDL-IgG ICs) affect survival of human monocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS As demonstrated by light microscopy, and analysis of cell proliferation, caspase-3 activity, and DNA fragmentation, OxLDL-IgG ICs promoted survival of cultured human monocytes by decreasing their spontaneous apoptosis. OxLDL-IgG ICs induced a concentration-dependent production of the major monocyte growth factor, monocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), by the monocytes, but its inhibition was without effect on OxLDL-IgG IC-induced monocyte survival. Rather, OxLDL-IgG ICs induced rapid phosphorylation of Akt, suggesting a direct anti-apoptotic effect mediated by cross-linking of Fcgamma receptors. Experiments with receptor blocking antibodies revealed that the OxLDL-IgG IC-induced monocyte survival was mediated by Fcgamma receptor I. CONCLUSIONS The results show that OxLDL-IgG ICs promote survival of monocytes by cross-linking Fcgamma receptor I and activating Akt-dependent survival signaling. The results reveal a novel mechanism by which an immune reaction toward oxLDL can play a role in the accumulation of macrophages in human atherosclerotic lesions.
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Aristoteli LP, Møller HJ, Bailey B, Moestrup SK, Kritharides L. The monocytic lineage specific soluble CD163 is a plasma marker of coronary atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2006; 184:342-7. [PMID: 15979079 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163 is a monocyte-macrophage lineage specific scavenger receptor that mediates the uptake and clearance of haptoglobin-haemoglobin complexes, and soluble CD163 (sCD163) is also present in plasma. As atherosclerosis involves infiltration by monocyte-derived macrophages, we investigated whether sCD163 may act as a marker of coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS Clinical features were identified and plasma was collected from 147 consecutive patients presenting for coronary angiography. Patients were classified as having CAD+, or being free of CAD- haemodynamically significant (>50% luminal diameter) coronary stenoses in one or more major coronary arteries (1, 2 or 3 vessel disease), and sCD163 concentration was measured by ELISA. Plasma sCD163 was non-parametrically distributed, being significantly higher in CAD+ patients (median 2.47 mg/L, 25th-75th percentile, 1.79-3.5mg/L) than in CAD- patients (2.09, 1.31-2.72 mg/L) (p=0.021, Mann-Whitney U-test). LogsCD163 increased significantly with increasing CAD extent (p=0.0036) and was significantly greater in patients with 3 vessel disease than in CAD- patients (p<0.001). Whereas logsCD163 correlated with CAD extent (Spearman r=0.22, p=0.008), logCRP did not, and sCD163 was only weakly correlated with CRP (r=0.19, p=0.039). Importantly, multivariate linear regression identified that sCD163 (p=0.0021) was a significant predictor of CAD extent and was independent of conventional risk factors age (p<0.0001), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.0023), hypertension (p=0.068), and current smoking (p=0.066). CONCLUSIONS The monocyte-specific marker sCD163 is a novel potential plasma marker of coronary atherosclerotic burden.
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Hiraoka A, Horiike N, Akbar SMF, Michitaka K, Matsuyama T, Onji M. Expression of CD163 in the liver of patients with viral hepatitis. Pathol Res Pract 2005; 201:379-84. [PMID: 16047947 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2004.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CD163 is a marker of activated macrophages, and increased levels of soluble CD163 have been detected in sera obtained from patients with hepatitis. The aim of this study was to detect the expression of CD163 in the liver from patients with viral hepatitis. Frozen sections of liver specimens were obtained from 5 patients with acute viral hepatitis (AH) and from 23 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CH). The expression of CD163 in the liver was determined immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibody to human CD163. Double immunostaining was done to assess those cell types that express CD163 in the liver. The frequencies of CD163-positive cells were significantly higher both in the portal areas and in the hepatic lobules in the liver of patients with AH compared to those with CH (p < 0.05). Double immunostaining revealed that most of the CD163-positive cells were macrophages and Kupffer cells, because they expressed CD68. The expression of CD163 was very low in endothelial cells and liver stellate cells. This study shows that macrophages are activated in hepatitis liver.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/biosynthesis
- Female
- Hepatitis A/metabolism
- Hepatitis A/pathology
- Hepatitis B/metabolism
- Hepatitis B/pathology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/metabolism
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/pathology
- Hepatitis C/metabolism
- Hepatitis C/pathology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/metabolism
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/metabolism
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/pathology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Liver/chemistry
- Liver/pathology
- Liver/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hiraoka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu-Cho, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Gavasso S, Nygård O, Pedersen ER, Aarseth JH, Bleie O, Myhr KM, Vedeler CA. Fcgamma receptor IIIA polymorphism as a risk-factor for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2005; 180:277-82. [PMID: 15910853 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2004] [Revised: 09/14/2004] [Accepted: 12/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Polymorphisms of Fc receptors for IgG (FcgammaR) are associated with modifying effects of several infectious and autoimmune diseases. We have assessed the relationship between polymorphisms in three different FcgammaR genes and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS We genotyped for the FcgammaRIIA-R/H131, the FcgammaRIIIB-Na1/Na2, and the FcgammaRIIIA-F/V158 polymorphisms in 882 patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Significant CAD was defined as >/=50% lumen diameter stenosis in at least one coronary artery. In the analysis, no association was found between the FcgammaRIIA and FcgammaRIIIB genotypes and CAD, whereas the FcgammaRIIIA genotype was strongly related. Compared to those being heterozygous, or homozygous for the F allele, patients homozygous for the V allele had significantly reduced risk: OR, 0.53; (CI, 0.32-0.90). Additional adjustment for classical risk factors and sedimentation rate did not affect the results. The V/V genotype was also inversely related to the extent of CAD defined as no CAD, single, double or triple vessel disease (P trend=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence for an association between FcgammaRIIIA allelic variants and coronary atherosclerosis. Genetic variation in this IgG-receptor may influence the clearance of antibodies by monocyte-derived macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Gavasso
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Neurology, University of Bergen and Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
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Scotton CJ, Martinez FO, Smelt MJ, Sironi M, Locati M, Mantovani A, Sozzani S. Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Complex Regulation of the Monocyte IL-1β System by IL-13. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 174:834-45. [PMID: 15634905 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.2.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IL-4 and IL-13 are prototypic Th2 cytokines that generate an "alternatively activated" phenotype in macrophages. We used high-density oligonucleotide microarrays to investigate the transcriptional profile induced in human monocytes by IL-13. After 8-h stimulation with IL-13, 142 genes were regulated (85 increased and 57 decreased). The majority of these genes were related to the inflammatory response and innate immunity; a group of genes related to lipid metabolism was also identified, with clear implications for atherosclerosis. In addition to characteristic markers of alternatively activated macrophages, a number of novel IL-13-regulated genes were seen. These included various pattern recognition receptors, such as CD1b/c/e, TLR1, and C-type lectin superfamily member 6. Several components of the IL-1 system were regulated. IL-1RI, IL-1RII, and IL-1Ra were all up-regulated, whereas the IL-1beta-converting enzyme, caspase 1, and IRAK-M were down-regulated. LPS-inducible caspase 1 enzyme activity was also reduced in IL-13-stimulated monocytes, with a consequent decrease in pro-IL-1beta processing. These data reveal that IL-13 has a potent effect on the transcriptional profile in monocytes. The IL-13-induced modulation of genes related to IL-1 clearly highlights the tightly controlled and complex levels of regulation of the production and response to this potent proinflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J Scotton
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Sulahian TH, Pioli PA, Wardwell K, Guyre PM. Cross-linking of FcγR triggers shedding of the hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor CD163. J Leukoc Biol 2004; 76:271-7. [PMID: 15075364 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1003523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CD163, the hemoglobin (Hb)-haptoglobin scavenger receptor, is a monocyte/macrophage-restricted member of the scavenger receptor, cysteine-rich family of proteins. In addition to being expressed on the cell surface, a soluble form of CD163 has also been reported. Like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), surface CD163 is proteolytically cleaved from the plasma membrane in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. As cross-linking of the Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR) is similarly known to induce TNF-alpha shedding, the effect of FcgammaR stimulation on CD163 shedding was investigated. We found that FcgammaR stimulation resulted in a rapid release of surface CD163 into the supernatant that was blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases. Although LPS and FcgammaR stimulation in short-term cultures suppressed CD163 mRNA expression, long-term cultures of monocytes treated with LPS-but not with a FcgammaR cross-linking reagent-resulted in an interleukin-10-dependent recovery of surface CD163 expression. These studies suggest that the presence of immune complexes in infection or autoimmunity may radically alter the nature of CD163-dependent monocyte/macrophage processes. This may be particularly important in disease states in which immune complexes and high levels of free Hb are present, such as in autoimmune hemolytic anemia, transfusion reactions, or infections by hemolytic bacteria.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/drug effects
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/drug effects
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Cross-Linking Reagents/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Humans
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase C/metabolism
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, IgG/drug effects
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Time Factors
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Philippidis P, Mason JC, Evans BJ, Nadra I, Taylor KM, Haskard DO, Landis RC. Hemoglobin Scavenger Receptor CD163 Mediates Interleukin-10 Release and Heme Oxygenase-1 Synthesis. Circ Res 2004; 94:119-26. [PMID: 14656926 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000109414.78907.f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The recently described hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 mediates the endocytosis of hemoglobin:haptoglobin (Hb:Hp) complexes and thereby counters Hb-induced oxidative tissue damage after hemolysis. Although CD163 has been indirectly associated with antiinflammatory and atheroprotective activity, no ligand-receptor-effector pathway has yet been described for this receptor. To understand the significance of CD163 and more clearly define downstream pathways linked to inflammatory resolution, we studied the expression and function of CD163 in human monocytes/macrophages using both in vitro and in vivo models. Differentiation of human blood monocytes into macrophages either by in vitro culture or in resolving cantharidin-induced skin blisters led to an equivalent increase (>15x) in CD163 expression. Elevated CD163 levels were also noted on circulating monocytes in cardiac surgical patients during the resolution phase of the systemic inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. In each case, binding of Hb:Hp to CD163-bearing cells elicited potent interleukin-10 secretion, and this was inhibited by the anti-CD163 antibody RM3/1. Release of interleukin-10, in turn, induced heme oxygenase-1 stress protein synthesis via an autocrine mechanism. Such induction of heme oxygenase-1 was observed in vivo 24 to 48 hours after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. These results identify novel antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effector pathways in human monocytes/macrophages related to Hb scavenging and metabolism, which may have relevance in atheroprotection, wound healing, and patient recovery postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Philippidis
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd, London W12 0NN, UK
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Major AS, Fazio S, Linton MF. B-lymphocyte deficiency increases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-null mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22:1892-8. [PMID: 12426221 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000039169.47943.ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by innate and adaptive immune responses. We investigated the role of B cells and antibodies in the development of atherosclerosis in low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLR(-/-)) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Using wild-type and B cell-deficient mice as bone marrow donors, we were able to generate LDLR(-/-) mice that possessed <1.0% of their normal B cell population. B cell-deficient LDLR(-/-) mice on a Western diet showed marked decreases in total serum antibody and anti-oxidized LDL antibody. B cell deficiency was associated with a 30% to 40% increase in the lesion area in the proximal and distal aortas. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunospot analyses showed a decrease in proatherogenic (interferon-gamma) and antiatherogenic (interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta) cytokine mRNA and a decrease in interleukin-4- and interferon-gamma-producing cells. Additionally, we observed a decrease in splenocyte proliferation to oxidized LDL in the B cell-deficient LDLR(-/-) mice, suggesting that B lymphocytes may play a role in the presentation of lipid antigen. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data demonstrate that B cells and/or antibodies are protective against atherosclerosis and that this protection may be conferred by B cell-mediated immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S Major
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn 37232-6300, USA
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46
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Madsen M, Graversen JH, Moestrup SK. Haptoglobin and CD163: captor and receptor gating hemoglobin to macrophage lysosomes. Redox Rep 2002; 6:386-8. [PMID: 11865982 DOI: 10.1179/135100001101536490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma protein haptoglobin and the endocytic hemoglobin receptor HbSR/CD163 are key molecules in the process of removing hemoglobin released from ruptured erythrocytes. Hemoglobin in plasma is instantly bound with high affinity to haptoglobin--an interaction leading to the recognition of the complex by HbSR/CD163 and endocytosis in macrophages. The haptoglobin-dependent HbSR/CD163 scavenging system for hemoglobin clearance prevents toxic effects of hemoglobin in plasma and kidney and explains the decrease in the haptoglobin plasma concentration in patients with accelerated hemolysis. The HbSR/CD163 activity may be of quantitative importance for iron uptake in macrophages in general and for some iron-associated pathological processes, e.g. the atherogenesis-promoting oxidation of LDL leading to foam cell formation and apoptosis in the vessel wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Madsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Aarhus, Denmark
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47
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Herrera VLM, Didishvili T, Lopez LV, Ruiz-Opazo N. Differential Regulation of Functional Gene Clusters in Overt Coronary Artery Disease in a Transgenic Atherosclerosis-hypertensive Rat Rodel. Mol Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03402017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Schaer DJ. The macrophage hemoglobin scavenger receptor (CD163) as a genetically determined disease modifying pathway in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2002; 163:199-201. [PMID: 12048140 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Z39Ig is a recently-identified gene with immunoglobulin-like domains whose function is unknown. We examined expression of Z39Ig in 1432 human cDNA libraries, and found it primarily in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in placenta, and in lung. We analyzed its co-expression pattern using the Guilt-by-Association (GBA) algorithm, and found that it is most similar in expression to early genes in the classical complement system (C1qA, C1qB, C1qC, C1r, and C1 inhibitor), MHC class II genes (HLA-DR alpha, HLA-DR beta 1, and HLA-DP alpha 1), Fc receptors (Fc gamma RIIa and Fc epsilon R1), lysosomal protein (LAPTm5), tissue transglutaminase, and macrophage receptors (MARCO and CD163/M130). The sequence and expression data suggest that Z39Ig is a cell surface receptor, expressed in activated macrophages, and linked with the classical complement system, most likely in phagocytosis preceding antigen presentation. Knowledge of this gene may contribute to better understanding of the role of complement and activated macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus.
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