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Akbar H, Jarosinski KW. Temporal Dynamics of Purinergic Receptor Expression in the Lungs of Marek's Disease (MD) Virus-Infected Chickens Resistant or Susceptible to MD. Viruses 2024; 16:1130. [PMID: 39066292 PMCID: PMC11281646 DOI: 10.3390/v16071130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an economic concern for the poultry industry due to its poorly understood pathophysiology. Purinergic receptors (PRs) are potential therapeutic targets for viral infections, including herpesviruses, prompting our investigation into their role in MDV pathogenesis. The current study is part of an experimental series analyzing the expression of PRs during MDV infection. To address the early or short-acting P2 PR responses during natural MDV infection, we performed an "exposure" experiment where age-matched chickens were exposed to experimentally infected shedders to initiate natural infection. In addition, select non-PR regulatory gene responses were measured. Two groups of naïve contact chickens (n = 5/breed/time point) from MD-resistant (White Leghorns: WL) and -susceptible (Pure Columbian) chicken lines were housed separately with experimentally infected PC (×PC) and WL (×WL) chickens for 6 or 24 h. Whole lung lavage cells (WLLC) were collected, RNA was extracted, and RT-qPCR assays were used to measure specific PR responses. In addition, other potentially important markers in pathophysiology were measured. Our study revealed that WL chickens exhibited higher P1 PR expression during natural infection. WL chickens also showed higher expression of P1A3 and P2X3 at 6 and 24 h when exposed to PC-infected chickens. P2X5 and P2Y1 showed higher expression at 6 h, while P2Y5 showed higher expression at 6 and 24 h; regardless of the chicken line, PC chickens exhibited higher expression of P2X2, P2Y8, P2Y10, P2Y13, and P2Y14 when exposed to either group of infected chickens. In addition, MDV infection altered the expression of DDX5 in both WL and PC groups exposed to PC-infected birds only. However, irrespective of the source of exposure, BCL2 and ANGPTL4 showed higher expression in both WL and PC. The expression of STAT1A and STAT5A was influenced by time and breed, with major changes observed in STAT5A. CAT and SOD1 expression significantly increased in both WL and PC birds, regardless of the source of infection. GPX1 and GPX2 expression also increased in both WL and PC, although overall lower expression was observed in PC chickens at 24 h compared to 6 h. Our data suggest systemic changes in the host during early infection, indicated by the altered expression of PRs, DDX5, BCL2, ANGPTL4, and other regulatory genes during early MDV infection. The relative expression of these responses in PC and WL chickens suggests they may play a key role in their response to natural MDV infection in the lungs and long-term pathogenesis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith W. Jarosinski
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA;
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Adedayo BC, Agunloye OM, Obawarrah RY, Oboh G. Caffeic acid attenuates memory dysfunction and restores the altered activity of cholinergic, monoaminergic and purinergic in brain of cadmium chloride exposure rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:230-238. [PMID: 38591965 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2024-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of caffeic acid (CAF) against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in rats via its effect on memory index as well as on altered enzymatic activity in the brain of CdCl2-induced neurotoxicity. METHODS The experimental rats were divided into seven groups (n=6 rats per group) of healthy rats (group 1), CdCl2 -induced (CD) (3 mg/kg BW) rats (group 2), CD rats + Vitamin C (group 3), CD rats + CAF (10 and 20 mg/kg BW respectively) (group 4 & 5), and healthy rat + CAF (10 and 20 mg/kg BW respectively) (group 6 & 7). Thereafter, CdCl2 and CAF were administered orally to the experimental rats in group 2 to group 5 on daily basis for 14 days. Then, the Y-maze test was performed on the experimental rats to ascertain their memory index. RESULTS CdCl2 administration significantly altered cognitive function, the activity of cholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, arginase, purinergic enzymes, nitric oxide (NOx), and antioxidant status of Cd rats (untreated) when compared with healthy rats. Thereafter, CD rats treated with vitamin C and CAF (10 and 20 mg/kg BW) respectively exhibited an improved cognitive function, and the observed altered activity of cholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, arginase, purinergic were restored when compared with untreated CD rats. Also, the level of brain NOx and antioxidant status were significantly (p<0.05) enhanced when compared with untreated CD rats. In the same vein, CAF administration offers neuro-protective effect in healthy rats vis-à-vis improved cognitive function, reduction in the activity of some enzymes linked to the progression of cognitive dysfunction, and improved antioxidant status when compared to healthy rats devoid of CAF. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of CAF against CdCl2 exposure and in healthy rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bukola C Adedayo
- 107738 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology , Akure, Nigeria
| | - Odunayo M Agunloye
- 107738 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology , Akure, Nigeria
| | - Rasheedat Y Obawarrah
- 107738 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology , Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- 107738 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, The Federal University of Technology , Akure, Nigeria
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Grotehans N, McGarry L, Nolte H, Xavier V, Kroker M, Narbona‐Pérez ÁJ, Deshwal S, Giavalisco P, Langer T, MacVicar T. Ribonucleotide synthesis by NME6 fuels mitochondrial gene expression. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113256. [PMID: 37439264 PMCID: PMC10505918 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication of the mitochondrial genome and expression of the genes it encodes both depend on a sufficient supply of nucleotides to mitochondria. Accordingly, dysregulated nucleotide metabolism not only destabilises the mitochondrial genome, but also affects its transcription. Here, we report that a mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase, NME6, supplies mitochondria with pyrimidine ribonucleotides that are necessary for the transcription of mitochondrial genes. Loss of NME6 function leads to the depletion of mitochondrial transcripts, as well as destabilisation of the electron transport chain and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. These deficiencies are rescued by an exogenous supply of pyrimidine ribonucleosides. Moreover, NME6 is required for the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA when the access to cytosolic pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides is limited. Our results therefore reveal an important role for ribonucleotide salvage in mitochondrial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Grotehans
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Moritz Kroker
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Soni Deshwal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | | | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
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Xu S, Wang C, Yang L, Wu J, Li M, Xiao P, Xu Z, Xu Y, Wang K. Targeting immune checkpoints on tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199631. [PMID: 37313405 PMCID: PMC10258331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Unprecedented breakthroughs have been made in cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors have fostered hope for patients with cancer. However, immunotherapy still exhibits certain limitations, such as a low response rate, limited efficacy in certain populations, and adverse events in certain tumors. Therefore, exploring strategies that can improve clinical response rates in patients is crucial. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the predominant immune cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment and express a variety of immune checkpoints that impact immune functions. Mounting evidence indicates that immune checkpoints in TAMs are closely associated with the prognosis of patients with tumors receiving immunotherapy. This review centers on the regulatory mechanisms governing immune checkpoint expression in macrophages and strategies aimed at improving immune checkpoint therapies. Our review provides insights into potential therapeutic targets to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade and key clues to developing novel tumor immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Lingge Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiaji Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Mengshu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
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Akbar H, Fasick JJ, Ponnuraj N, Jarosinski KW. Purinergic signaling during Marek's disease in chickens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2044. [PMID: 36739336 PMCID: PMC9899245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors (PRs) have been reported as potential therapeutic targets for many viral infections including herpesviruses, which urges the investigation into their role in Marek's disease (MD), a herpesvirus induced cancer in chickens that is an important pathogen for the poultry industry. MD is caused by MD virus (MDV) that has a similar viral life cycle as human varicella zoster virus in that it is shed from infected epithelial skin cells and enters the host through the respiratory route. In this report, PR responses during natural MDV infection and disease progression was examined in MD-resistant white Leghorns (WL) and MD-susceptible Pure Columbian (PC) chickens during natural infection. Whole lung lavage cells (WLLC) and liver tissue samples were collected from chickens infected but showing no clinical signs of MD (Infected) or presenting with clinical disease (Diseased). RNA was extracted followed by RT-qPCR analysis with gene specific primers against members of the P1, P2X, and P2Y PR families. Differential expression (p < 0.05) was observed in breed and disease conditions. Some PRs showed tissue specific expression (P1A1, P2X1, and P2X6 in WLLC) whereas others responded to MDV infection only in MD-susceptible (PC) chickens (P1A2A, P2X1, P2X5, P2X7). P2Y PRs had differential expression in both chicken lines in response to MDV infection and MD progression. This study is the first to our knowledge to examine PR responses during MDV infection and disease progression. These results suggest PR signaling may an important area of research for MDV replication and MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haji Akbar
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Julia J Fasick
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nagendraprabhu Ponnuraj
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Keith W Jarosinski
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Wang N, Yang Y, Zhang M, Zhu Q, Li Z. Lysosomal Adenosine Triphosphate-Activated Upconversion Nanoparticle/Carbon Dot Composite for Ratiometric Imaging of Hepatotoxicity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15738-15745. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Wang
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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Rim Lee Y, Kwon N, Swamy KMK, Kim G, Yoon J. Rhodamine-thiourea Linked Naphthalimide Derivative to Image ATP in Mitochondria using Two Channels. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200413. [PMID: 35671139 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), synthesized in mitochondria, is an energy molecule in all living things. ATP not only serves as an energy source for protein synthesis and muscle contraction, but also as an important indicator for various diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular disease, and others. Accordingly, detection and sensing of ATP, especially in mitochondria, are important. In this study, a unique ring-opening process of rhodamine was coupled to recognition of ATP via introduction of a thiourea moiety, which was further linked to a naphthalimide group. A strong fluorescent emission at ∼580 nm was accompanied by a color change from colorless to pink upon addition of ATP at pH 7.4. Fluorescent probe 1 successfully imaged mitochondrial ATP with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.8. In addition, green emission from the naphthalimide moiety at ∼530 nm was observed without any change upon addition of ATP. This emission can be considered equivalent to an internal standard to utilize probe 1 as a dual-channel probe for ATP. Furthermore, probe 1 showed negligible cytotoxicity based on MTT assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Rim Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea)
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea)
| | - K M K Swamy
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea)
| | - Gyoungmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea)
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea)
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8
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Baghbani E, Noorolyai S, Shanehbandi D, Mokhtarzadeh A, Aghebati-Maleki L, Shahgoli VK, Brunetti O, Rahmani S, Shadbad MA, Baghbanzadeh A, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. Regulation of immune responses through CD39 and CD73 in cancer: Novel checkpoints. Life Sci 2021; 282:119826. [PMID: 34265363 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment has been implicated in attenuating anti-tumoral immune responses and tumor growth in various cancers. Inhibitory immune checkpoints have been introduced as the primary culprits for developing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Therefore, a better understanding of the cross-talk between inhibitory immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment can pave the way for introducing novel approaches for treating affected patients. Growing evidence indicates that CD39 and CD73, as novel checkpoints, can transform adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-mediated pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment into an adenosine-mediated immunosuppressive one via the purinergic signaling pathway. Indeed, enzymatic processes of CD39 and CD73 have crucial roles in adjusting the extent, intensity, and chemical properties of purinergic signals. This study aims to review the biological function of CD39 and CD73 and shed light on their significance in regulating anti-tumoral immune responses in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Khaze Shahgoli
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Shima Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- IRCCS Bari, Italy, Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology DIMO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Sabirov RZ, Islam MR, Okada T, Merzlyak PG, Kurbannazarova RS, Tsiferova NA, Okada Y. The ATP-Releasing Maxi-Cl Channel: Its Identity, Molecular Partners and Physiological/Pathophysiological Implications. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060509. [PMID: 34073084 PMCID: PMC8229958 DOI: 10.3390/life11060509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Maxi-Cl phenotype accounts for the majority (app. 60%) of reports on the large-conductance maxi-anion channels (MACs) and has been detected in almost every type of cell, including placenta, endothelium, lymphocyte, cardiac myocyte, neuron, and glial cells, and in cells originating from humans to frogs. A unitary conductance of 300-400 pS, linear current-to-voltage relationship, relatively high anion-to-cation selectivity, bell-shaped voltage dependency, and sensitivity to extracellular gadolinium are biophysical and pharmacological hallmarks of the Maxi-Cl channel. Its identification as a complex with SLCO2A1 as a core pore-forming component and two auxiliary regulatory proteins, annexin A2 and S100A10 (p11), explains the activation mechanism as Tyr23 dephosphorylation at ANXA2 in parallel with calcium binding at S100A10. In the resting state, SLCO2A1 functions as a prostaglandin transporter whereas upon activation it turns to an anion channel. As an efficient pathway for chloride, Maxi-Cl is implicated in a number of physiologically and pathophysiologically important processes, such as cell volume regulation, fluid secretion, apoptosis, and charge transfer. Maxi-Cl is permeable for ATP and other small signaling molecules serving as an electrogenic pathway in cell-to-cell signal transduction. Mutations at the SLCO2A1 gene cause inherited bone and gut pathologies and malignancies, signifying the Maxi-Cl channel as a perspective pharmacological target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravshan Z. Sabirov
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
- Correspondence: (R.Z.S.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-46-858-1501 (Y.O.); Fax: +81-46-858-1542 (Y.O.)
| | - Md. Rafiqul Islam
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Toshiaki Okada
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Veneno Technologies Co. Ltd., Tsukuba 305-0031, Japan
| | - Petr G. Merzlyak
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Ranokhon S. Kurbannazarova
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Nargiza A. Tsiferova
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasunobu Okada
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan; (M.R.I.); (T.O.); (P.G.M.); (R.S.K.); (N.A.T.)
- Department of Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
- Correspondence: (R.Z.S.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-46-858-1501 (Y.O.); Fax: +81-46-858-1542 (Y.O.)
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10
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Geng X, Sun Y, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Zhang K, Xiao L, Qu L, Li Z. Fluorescent Carbon Dots for in Situ Monitoring of Lysosomal ATP Levels. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7940-7946. [PMID: 32406677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the ATP levels in lysosomes in situ is crucial for understanding their involvement in various biological processes but remains difficult due to the interference of ATP in other organelles or the cytoplasm. Here, we report a lysosome-specific fluorescent carbon dot (CD), which can be used to detect ATP in acidic lysosomes with "off-on" changes of yellow fluorescence. These CDs were successfully applied in real-time monitoring of the fluctuating concentration of lysosomal ATP induced by drug stimulation (e.g., chloroquine, etoposide, and oligomycin). Because of the excellent specificity, these CDs are promising agents for drug screening and medical diagnostics through lysosomal ATP monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqiang Sun
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Lehui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
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11
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Kanagaraj K, Xiao C, Rao M, Fan C, Borovkov V, Cheng G, Zhou D, Zhong Z, Su D, Yu X, Yao J, Hao T, Wu W, Chruma JJ, Yang C. A Quinoline-Appended Cyclodextrin Derivative as a Highly Selective Receptor and Colorimetric Probe for Nucleotides. iScience 2020; 23:100927. [PMID: 32169819 PMCID: PMC7066246 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The design and development of specific recognition and sensing systems for biologically important anionic species has received growing attention in recent years, as they play significant roles in biology, pharmacy, and environmental sciences. Herein, a new supramolecular sensing probe L1 was developed for highly selective differentiation of nucleotides. L1 displayed extremely marked absorption and emission differentiation upon binding with nucleotide homologs of AMP, ADP, and ATP, due to the divergent spatial orientations of guests upon binding, which allowed for a naked-eye colorimetric differentiation for nucleotides. A differentiating mechanism was unambiguously rationalized by using various spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated that L1 can be applied to the real-time monitoring of the enzyme-catalyzed phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes and thus demonstrated an unprecedented visualizable strategy for selectively differentiating the structurally similar nucleotides and real-time monitoring of biological processes via fluorescent and colorimetric changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Kanagaraj
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chunying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Victor Borovkov
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dayang Zhou
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, ISIR, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingke Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiabin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Taotao Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jason J Chruma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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12
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Silva-Gomes NL, Rampazzo RDCP, Moreira CMDN, Porcino GN, Dos Santos CMB, Krieger MA, Vasconcelos EG, Fragoso SP, Moreira OC. Knocking Down TcNTPDase-1 Gene Reduces in vitro Infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:434. [PMID: 32256481 PMCID: PMC7094052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecto-Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases are enzymes that hydrolyze tri- and/or diphosphate nucleosides. Evidences pointed out to their participation in Trypanosoma cruzi virulence, infectivity, and purine acquisition. In this study, recombinant T. cruzi knocking out or overexpressing the TcNTPDase-1 gene were built, and the role of TcNTPDase-1 in the in vitro interaction with VERO cells was investigated. Results show that epimastigote forms of hemi-knockout parasites showed about 50% lower level of TcNTPDase-1 gene expression when compared to the wild type, while the T. cruzi overexpressing this gene reach 20 times higher gene expression. In trypomastigote forms, the same decreasing in TcNTPDase-1 gene expression was observed to the hemi-knockout parasites. The in vitro infection assays showed a reduction to 51.6 and 59.9% at the adhesion and to 25.2 and 26.4% at the endocytic indexes to the parasites knockout to one or other allele (Hygro and Neo hemi-knockouts), respectively. In contrast, the infection assays with T. cruzi overexpressing TcNTPDase-1 from the WT or Neo hemi-knockout parasites showed an opposite result, with the increasing to 287.7 and 271.1% at the adhesion and to 220.4 and 186.7% at the endocytic indexes, respectively. The parasitic load estimated in infected VERO cells by quantitative real time PCR corroborated these findings. Taken together, the partial silencing and overexpression of the TcNTPDase-1 gene generated viable parasites with low and high infectivity rates, respectively, corroborating that the enzyme encoded for this gene plays an important role to the T. cruzi infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Lins Silva-Gomes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriane Nascimento Porcino
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Proteins, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Krieger
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eveline Gomes Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Proteins, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Stenio Perdigão Fragoso
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Trypanosomatids, Carlos Chagas Institute, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Otacilio C Moreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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13
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Ren TB, Wen SY, Wang L, Lu P, Xiong B, Yuan L, Zhang XB. Engineering a Reversible Fluorescent Probe for Real-Time Live-Cell Imaging and Quantification of Mitochondrial ATP. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4681-4688. [PMID: 32098468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Real-time imaging and quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) fluctuation in cells are significant for understanding the relationship between energy metabolism and cell functions. However, few synthetic fluorescent probes have been reported to tackle this challenge due to lack of accurate fluorescence readout and suitable response concentration. Herein we designed and synthesized a ratiometric fluorescent probe (Rh6G-ACFPN) for quantitatively detecting the fluctuation of mitochondrial ATP in living cells. Rh6G-ACFPN selectively and reversibly responds to ATP with an ideal dissociation constant (Kd) of 4.65 mM (3-10 mM: the range of mitochondrial ATP concentrations). Live-cell imaging allows us to directly monitor the dynamic changes of mitochondrial ATP in high temporal resolution. Moreover, for the first time, mitochondrial ATP in normal and cancer cells lines was successfully quantified and discriminated. These results demonstrate the versatility of Rh6G-ACFPN as a useful imaging tool to elucidate the function of mitochondrial ATP in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Bing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Si-Yu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Peng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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14
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High-resolution detection of ATP release from single cultured mouse dorsal horn spinal cord glial cells and its modulation by noradrenaline. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:403-420. [PMID: 31444738 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably transfected with the rat P2X2 receptor subunit were preincubated with 200 nM progesterone (HEK293-P2X2-PROG), a potent positive allosteric modulator of homomeric P2X2 receptors, and used to detect low nanomolar concentrations of extracellular ATP. Fura-2-loaded HEK293-P2X2-PROG cells were acutely plated on top of cultured DH glial cells to quantify ATP release from single DH glial cells. Application of the α1 adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PHE, 20 μM) or of a low K+ (0.2 mM) solution evoked reversible increases in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the biosensor cells. A reversible increase in [Ca2+]i was also detected in half of the biosensor cells following the interruption of general extracellular perfusion. All increases in [Ca2+]i were blocked in the presence of the P2X2 antagonist PPADS or after preloading the glial cells with the calcium chelator BAPTA, indicating that they were due to calcium-dependent ATP release from the glial cells. ATP release induced by PHE was blocked by -L-phenylalanine 2-naphtylamide (GPN) that permeabilizes secretory lysosomes and bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1), an inhibitor of the H+-pump of acidic secretory vesicles. By contrast, ATP release induced by application of a low-K+ solution was abolished by Baf A1 but not by GPN. Finally, spontaneous ATP release observed after interrupting general perfusion was insensitive to both GPN and Baf A1 pretreatment. Our results indicate that ATP is released in a calcium-dependent manner from two distinct vesicular pools and one non-vesicular pool coexisting in DH glial cells and that noradrenaline and PHE selectively target the secretory lysosome pool.
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15
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Caffeine Neuroprotection Decreases A2A Adenosine Receptor Content in Aged Mice. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:787-795. [PMID: 30610653 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-02710-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is a bioactive compound worldwide consumed with effect into the brain. Part of its action in reducing incidence or delaying Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases symptoms in human is credited to the adenosine receptors properties. However, the impact of caffeine consumption during aging on survival of brain cells remains debatable. This work, we investigated the effect of low-dose of caffeine on the ectonucleotidase activities, adenosine receptors content, and paying particular attention to its pro-survival effect during aging. Male young adult and aged Swiss mice drank water or caffeine (0.3 g/L) ad libitum for 4 weeks. The results showed that long-term caffeine treatment did not unchanged ATP, ADP or AMP hydrolysis in hippocampus when compared to the mice drank water. Nevertheless, the ATP/ADP hydrolysis ratio was higher in young adult (3:1) compared to the aged (1:1) animals regardless of treatment. The content of A1 receptors did not change in any groups of mice, but the content of A2A receptors was reduced in hippocampus of mice that consumed caffeine. Moreover, the cell viability results indicated that aged mice not only had increased pyknotic neurons in the hippocampus but also had reduced damage after caffeine treatment. Overall, these findings indicate a potential neuroprotective effect of caffeine during aging through the adenosinergic system.
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16
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17
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18
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Peres NTDA, Cunha LCS, Barbosa MLA, Santos MB, de Oliveira FA, de Jesus AMR, de Almeida RP. Infection of Human Macrophages by Leishmania infantum Is Influenced by Ecto-Nucleotidases. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1954. [PMID: 29379503 PMCID: PMC5770793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotidase activity is involved in the infection process of Leishmania and various other parasites that enables modulation of host immune responses to promote disease progression. One of the enzymes responsible for this activity is the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase). The enzyme hydrolyzes nucleotides tri- and/or di-phosphate into monophosphate products, which are subsequently hydrolyzed into adenosine. These nucleotides can serve as purinergic signaling molecules involved in diverse cellular processes that govern immune responses. Given the importance of the extracellular metabolism of these nucleotides during intracellular pathogen infections, this study evaluates the role of ecto-nucleotidase activity during Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) infection in human macrophages. E-NTPDase protein expression and activity was evaluated in L. infantum during purine starvation, adenosine-enriched medium, or in the presence of an inhibitor of ecto-nucleotidases. Results show that E-NTPDase is expressed in L. infantum parasites, including on the cell membrane. Furthermore, functional activity of the enzyme was modulated according to the availability of adenosine in the medium. Purine starvation increased the hydrolytic capacity of nucleotides leading to higher infectivity, while growth in adenosine-enriched medium led to lower infectivity. Moreover, inhibiting E-NTPDase function decreased L. infantum infection in macrophages, suggesting the enzyme may serve as a ligand. Taken together, the ability of L. infantum to hydrolyze nucleotides is directly associated with increased infectivity in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalu Teixeira de Aguiar Peres
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Luana Celina Seraphim Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Meirielly Lima Almeida Barbosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Márcio Bezerra Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.,Department of Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Alvise de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Amélia Maria Ribeiro de Jesus
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Roque Pacheco de Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
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19
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Tan KY, Li CY, Li YF, Fei J, Yang B, Fu YJ, Li F. Real-Time Monitoring ATP in Mitochondrion of Living Cells: A Specific Fluorescent Probe for ATP by Dual Recognition Sites. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1749-1756. [PMID: 28208302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is mainly produced in the mitochondrion and used as a universal energy source for various cellular events. Various fluorescent probes for ATP have been established successfully, but most of them are not appropriate for monitoring the fluctuation of the mitochondrial ATP level. Herein, a fluorescent probe named Mito-Rh is first synthesized and used to recognize ATP in mitochondrion. In the probe, rhodamine, diethylenetriamine, and triphenylphosphonium are selected as fluorophore, reaction site, and mitochondrion-targeting group, respectively. Probe Mito-Rh shows high sensitivity to ATP with 81-fold fluorescence enhancement, and the detection range (0.1-10 mM) can match the concentration level of ATP in the mitochondrion. Moreover, Mito-Rh provides excellent selectivity toward ATP over other biological anions (ADP, AMP, GTP, CTP, UTP) owing to a concurrent effect of dual recognition sites (hydrogen bond and π-π stacking). In particular, the probe can localize in mitochondrion specifically and demonstrates utility in the real-time detection of mitochondrial ATP concentration changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue Tan
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Fei Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
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20
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Carracedo G, Crooke A, Guzman-Aranguez A, Pérez de Lara MJ, Martin-Gil A, Pintor J. The role of dinucleoside polyphosphates on the ocular surface and other eye structures. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 55:182-205. [PMID: 27421962 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dinucleoside polyphosphates comprises a group of dinucleotides formed by two nucleosides linked by a variable number of phosphates, abbreviated NpnN (where n represents the number of phosphates). These compounds are naturally occurring substances present in tears, aqueous humour and in the retina. As the consequence of their presence, these dinucleotides contribute to many ocular physiological processes. On the ocular surface, dinucleoside polyphosphates can stimulate tear secretion, mucin release from goblet cells and they help epithelial wound healing by accelerating cell migration rate. These dinucleotides can also stimulate the presence of proteins known to protect the ocular surface against microorganisms, such as lysozyme and lactoferrin. One of the latest discoveries is the ability of some dinucleotides to facilitate the paracellular way on the cornea, therefore allowing the delivery of compounds, such as antiglaucomatous ones, more easily within the eye. The compound Ap4A has been described being abnormally elevated in patient's tears suffering of dry eye, Sjogren syndrome, congenital aniridia, or after refractive surgery, suggesting this molecule as biomarker for dry eye condition. At the intraocular level, some diadenosine polyphosphates are abnormally elevated in glaucoma patients, and this can be related to the stimulation of a P2Y2 receptor that increases the chloride efflux and water movement in the ciliary epithelium. In the retina, the dinucleotide dCp4U, has been proven to be useful to help in the recovery of retinal detachments. Altogether, dinucleoside polyphosphates are a group of compounds which present relevant physiological actions but which also can perform promising therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Carracedo
- Department of Optics II (Optometry and Vision), Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Crooke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzman-Aranguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Pérez de Lara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Martin-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pintor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Cui JD, Xu ML, Liu EYL, Dong TTX, Lin HQ, Tsim KWK, Bi CWC. Expression of globular form acetylcholinesterase is not altered in P2Y1R knock-out mouse brain. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:291-294. [PMID: 27378627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), a neurotransmitter and a neuromodulator, has been shown to be co-stored and co-released with acetylcholine (ACh) at the pre-synaptic vesicles in vertebrate neuromuscular junction (nmj). Several lines of studies demonstrated that binding of ATP to its corresponding P2Y1 receptors (P2Y1R) in muscle and neuron regulated the post-synaptic gene expressions. Indeed, the expression of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in muscle was markedly decreased in P2Y1R-/- (P2Y1R knock-out) mice. In order to search for possible role of P2Y1R in cholinergic function of the brain, the expression of globular form AChE was determined in the brain of P2Y1R-/- mice. In contrast to that in muscle, the amounts of AChE activity, AChE catalytic subunit, structure subunit PRiMA and the amount of ACh, in the brain were not, significantly, altered, suggesting the role of P2Y1R in neuron could have different function as that in muscle. However, the expressions of a series of neuronal development markers, i.e. neurofilaments, were reduced in P2Y1R-/- mouse brain, indicating P2Y1R may be involved in neuronal development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane D Cui
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda L Xu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Etta Y L Liu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - H Q Lin
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cathy W C Bi
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Leone RD, Lo YC, Powell JD. A2aR antagonists: Next generation checkpoint blockade for cancer immunotherapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 13:265-72. [PMID: 25941561 PMCID: PMC4415113 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The last several years have witnessed exciting progress in the development of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer. This has been due in great part to the development of so-called checkpoint blockade. That is, antibodies that block inhibitory receptors such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 and thus unleash antigen-specific immune responses against tumors. It is clear that tumors evade the immune response by usurping pathways that play a role in negatively regulating normal immune responses. In this regard, adenosine in the immune microenvironment leading to the activation of the A2a receptor has been shown to represent one such negative feedback loop. Indeed, the tumor microenvironment has relatively high concentrations of adenosine. To this end, blocking A2a receptor activation has the potential to markedly enhance anti-tumor immunity in mouse models. This review will present data demonstrating the ability of A2a receptor blockade to enhance tumor vaccines, checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapy. Also, as several recent studies have demonstrated that under certain conditions A2a receptor blockade can enhance tumor progression, we will also explore the complexities of adenosine signaling in the immune response. Despite important nuances to the A2a receptor pathway that require further elucidation, studies to date strongly support the development of A2a receptor antagonists (some of which have already been tested in phase III clinical trials for Parkinson Disease) as novel modalities in the immunotherapy armamentarium.
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Key Words
- A2a adenosine receptor
- A2aR, adenosine A2a receptor
- APC, antigen presenting cell
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
- DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Hif1-alpha, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha
- Immune checkpoint
- Immunotherapy
- LAG-3, lymphocyte-activation gene 3
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- ORR, overall response rate
- OS, overall survival
- PD-1
- PD-1, programmed cell death 1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1
- T cell
- TFS, tumor free survival
- TIM-3, T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain 3
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- Tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Leone
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ying-Chun Lo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jonathan D Powell
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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23
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Zhang JF, Guo LE, Zang TN, Duan YL, Liu XY, Yang Z, Verwilst P, Luo K, Wang GK, Kou JF, Zhou Y, Kim JS. Highly selective in vivo imaging of endogenous/exogenous phosphate ion over ATP and PPi. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1165-9. [PMID: 25683970 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A chemodosimeter was designed to function as a highly selective phosphate ion (Pi ) sensor, showing a 91-fold ratiometric fluorescence enhancement. The probe successfully visualized exogenous and endogenous apyrase-catalyzed Pi generation and was the first probe able to trace the generation and enrichment of Pi through hemichannel closure in Sf9 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500 (China), Fax: (+86) 871-65941088.
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Guo LE, Zhang JF, Liu XY, Zhang LM, Zhang HL, Chen JH, Xie XG, Zhou Y, Luo K, Yoon J. Phosphate ion targeted colorimetric and fluorescent probe and its use to monitor endogeneous phosphate ion in a hemichannel-closed cell. Anal Chem 2014; 87:1196-201. [PMID: 25511872 DOI: 10.1021/ac503818p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probe 1, the first inorganic phosphate (Pi) targeted colorimetric and fluorescent probe to detect endogenous Pi in hemichannel-closed cells, has been developed. Probe 1 undergoes a unique Pi induced hydrolytic reaction in DMSO-HEPES (V/V = 9:1) buffered (0.02 M, pH 7.4) solutions that produces a colorimetric change associated with a 62 nm red-shift in the UV-vis absorption maximum and up to a 780-fold enhancement in the fluorescence intensity. The mechanistic proposal that these spectroscopic changes are associated with reaction Pi with 1 to form coumarin gains support from the results of theoretical calculations and mass spectrometry studies. Observations made in fluorescence imaging studies with HeLa cells and C. elegans show that 1 can be employed to monitor Pi production in vivo caused by apyrase-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis. Moreover, probe 1 was utilized to show that apoptosis of hemichannel-closed Sf9 cells is caused by Inx3 promoted dephosphorylation of Akt (RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase), leading to an elevation of the concentration of Pi. Overall, the study has produced the first fluorescent sensor 1 for endogenous inorganic phosphate. Moreover, the utility of 1 for measuring Pi release in vitro has been demonstrated and utilized to elucidate the mechanism of Inx3 action in hemichannel-closed Sf9 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin E Guo
- College of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091, China
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Leishmania infantum ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-2 is an apyrase involved in macrophage infection and expressed in infected dogs. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3309. [PMID: 25393008 PMCID: PMC4230930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Visceral leishmaniasis is an important tropical disease, and Leishmania infantum chagasi (synonym of Leishmania infantum) is the main pathogenic agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the New World. Recently, ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDases) were identified as enablers of infection and virulence factors in many pathogens. Two putative E-NTPDases (∼70 kDa and ∼45 kDa) have been found in the L. infantum genome. Here, we studied the ∼45 kDa E-NTPDase from L. infantum chagasi to describe its natural occurrence, biochemical characteristics and influence on macrophage infection. Methodology/Principal Findings We used live L. infantum chagasi to demonstrate its natural ecto-nucleotidase activity. We then isolated, cloned and expressed recombinant rLicNTPDase-2 in bacterial system. The recombinant rLicNTPDase-2 hydrolyzed a wide variety of triphosphate and diphosphate nucleotides (GTP> GDP = UDP> ADP> UTP = ATP) in the presence of calcium or magnesium. In addition, rLicNTPDase-2 showed stable activity over a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0 and was partially inhibited by ARL67156 and suramin. Microscopic analyses revealed the presence of this protein on cell surfaces, vesicles, flagellae, flagellar pockets, kinetoplasts, mitochondria and nuclei. The blockade of E-NTPDases using antibodies and competition led to lower levels of parasite adhesion and infection of macrophages. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry showed the expression of E-NTPDases in amastigotes in the lymph nodes of naturally infected dogs from an area of endemic visceral leishmaniasis. Conclusions/Significance In this work, we cloned, expressed and characterized the NTPDase-2 from L. infantum chagasi and demonstrated that it functions as a genuine enzyme from the E-NTPDase/CD39 family. We showed that E-NTPDases are present on the surface of promastigotes and in other intracellular locations. We showed, for the first time, the broad expression of LicNTPDases in naturally infected dogs. Additionally, the blockade of NTPDases led to lower levels of in vitro adhesion and infection, suggesting that these proteins are possible targets for rational drug design. Visceral leishmaniasis is a dangerous and important, but neglected, tropical disease that affects millions of people, mainly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Presently, there are no vaccines against Leishmaniasis, and the few drugs with which the disease is treated have low efficacy and high side effects. The pathogenic agent of this disease in the New World is Leishmania infantum chagasi. In this work, we studied a protein from this parasite named ENTPDase-2. We expressed it in a bacterial system, purified it and characterized it as a genuine nucleotidase of the ENTPDase family. This protein seems to be localized at the surface of the parasite and in other intracellular locations. ENTPDase seems to facilitate in vitro infection because its blockade leads to lower levels of infection of macrophages. In addition, the protein is found in naturally infected dogs. A previous study demonstrated that ENTPDase-2 from L. infantum chagasi is a good antigen for immunodiagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis. We have now studied this protein in greater depth and suggest that it may be a good target for drug development.
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Chen Y, Zhang P, Xu SC, Yang L, Voss U, Ekblad E, Wu Y, Min Y, Hertervig E, Nilsson Å, Duan RD. Enhanced colonic tumorigenesis in alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) knockout mice. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 14:259-67. [PMID: 25381265 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0468-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase) generates ceramide and inactivates platelet-activating factor (PAF) and was previously suggested to have anticancer properties. The direct evidence is still lacking. We studied colonic tumorigenesis in alk-SMase knockout (KO) mice. Formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was examined after azoxymethane (AOM) injection. Tumor was induced by AOM alone, a conventional AOM/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment, and an enhanced AOM/DSS method. β-Catenin was determined by immunohistochemistry, PAF levels by ELISA, and sphingomyelin metabolites by mass spectrometry. Without treatment, spontaneous tumorigenesis was not identified but the intestinal mucosa appeared thicker in KO than in wild-type (WT) littermates. AOM alone induced more ACF in KO mice but no tumors 28 weeks after injection. However, combination of AOM/DSS treatments induced colonic tumors and the incidence was significantly higher in KO than in WT mice. By the enhanced AOM/DSS method, tumor number per mouse increased 4.5 times and tumor size 1.8 times in KO compared with WT mice. Although all tumors were adenomas in WT mice, 32% were adenocarcinomas in KO mice. Compared with WT mice, cytosol expression of β-catenin was significantly increased and nuclear translocation in tumors was more pronounced in KO mice. Lipid analysis showed decreased ceramide in small intestine and increased sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in both small intestine and colon in nontreated KO mice. PAF levels in feces were significantly higher in the KO mice after AOM/DSS treatment. In conclusion, lack of alk-SMase markedly increases AOM/DSS-induced colonic tumorigenesis associated with decreased ceramide and increased S1P and PAF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden. Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shu-Chang Xu
- Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liping Yang
- Cancer Research Center, Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ulrikke Voss
- Neurogastroenterology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Ekblad
- Neurogastroenterology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yunjin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Min
- Cancer Research Center, Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Erik Hertervig
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden. Gastroenterology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åke Nilsson
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden. Gastroenterology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rui-Dong Duan
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden.
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Tang JL, Li CY, Li YF, Zou CX. A ratiometric fluorescent probe with unexpected high selectivity for ATP and its application in cell imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15411-4. [PMID: 25350832 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Naphthalimide-rhodamine compound (NR) is developed as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for ATP detection based on the FRET mechanism. It shows an unexpected high selectivity for ATP over other anions, especially organic phosphate anions, due to simultaneous interactions of two recognition sites, which benefits fluorescence imaging in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Liang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China.
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Xiao L, Sun S, Pei Z, Pei Y, Pang Y, Xu Y. A Ga(3+)self-assembled fluorescent probe for ATP imaging in vivo. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 65:166-70. [PMID: 25461153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a functional molecule associated with many important biological processes. Fluorescent detection methods for ATP with facile performance and high selectivity are in demand. One of the possible multi-membered arrays assembled between DHBO and Ga(3+) ions was conducted in aqueous solution, which can selectively recognize ATP with fluorescence enhancement from ADP, AMP and other structurally similar nucleoside triphosphates in vitro and in vivo. ATP facilitates the interaction between DHBO and Ga(3+) ions, resulting in the fluorescence increase. The detection limit for ATP was calculated to be 5.49×10(-7)M, which is much lower than that of intracellular concentrations (1-10mM). In addition, DHBO-Ga(3+) can be applied to detect ATP-relevant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xiao
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yuxin Pei
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry & Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Yongqian Xu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Silva-Gomes NL, Ennes-Vidal V, Carolo JCF, Batista MM, Soeiro MN, Menna-Barreto R, Moreira OC. Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1 (TcNTPDase-1) gene expression is increased due to heat shock and in infective forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:463. [PMID: 25287580 PMCID: PMC4210531 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ecto-Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases (Ecto-NTPDases) are enzymes that hydrolyze tri- and/or di-phosphate nucleotides. Evidences point to their participation in Trypanosoma cruzi virulence and infectivity. In this work, we evaluate TcNTPDase-1 gene expression in comparison with ecto-NTPDase activity, in order to study the role of TcNTPDase-1 in parasite virulence, infectivity and adaptation to heat shock. Findings Comparison between distinct T. cruzi isolates (Y, 3663 and 4167 strains, and Dm28c, LL014 and CL-14 clones) showed that TcNTPDase-1 expression was 7.2 ± 1.5 times higher in the Dm28c than the CL-14 avirulent clone. A remarkable expression increase was also observed in the trypomastigote and amastigote forms (22.5 ± 5.6 and 16.3 ± 3.8 times higher than epimastigotes, respectively), indicating that TcNTPDase-1 is overexpressed in T. cruzi infective forms. Moreover, heat shock and long-term cultivation also induced a significant increment on TcNTPDase-1 expression. Conclusions Our results suggest that TcNTPDase-1 plays an important role on T. cruzi infectivity and adaptation to stress conditions, such as long-term cultivation and heat shock. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0463-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Lins Silva-Gomes
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365. Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, sala 209. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Ennes-Vidal
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365. Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, sala 209. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Julliane Castro Ferreira Carolo
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365. Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, sala 209. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Meuser Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Maria Nazaré Soeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Rubem Menna-Barreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Otacilio Cruz Moreira
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/ FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365. Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, sala 209. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Kikuchi K. Design, synthesis, and biological application of fluorescent sensor molecules for cellular imaging. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 119:63-78. [PMID: 19649586 DOI: 10.1007/10_2008_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular imaging has achieved many new biological findings, among them GFP and other fluorescent proteins and small molecule based fluorescent sensors have been widely used, especially in the last decade. The design concept and application of chemical sensors are described, these being FRET based sensors and Zn(2+) sensors.Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been used extensively as the designing principle for fluorescent sensor molecules. One of the most significant advantages of designing sensor molecules with FRET modulation is that it can enable ratiometric measurement in living cells, which reduces the artifact from microscopic imaging systems. The design strategy for the development of small molecular FRET sensors is described in terms of avoiding close contact of donor fluorophore and acceptor fluorophore in aqueous solution. Furthermore, a strategy to design FRET sensors with modulating overlap integrals of donor and acceptor is introduced.Numerous tools for Zn(2+) sensing in living cells have become available in the last 8 years. Among them, fluorescence imaging using fluorescent sensor molecules has been the most popular approach. Some of these sensor molecules can be used to visualize Zn(2+) in living cells. Some of the biological functions of Zn(2+) were clarified using these sensor molecules, especially in neuronal cells, which contain a high concentration of free Zn(2) (+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita City, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan,
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Alterations in the extracellular catabolism of nucleotides and platelet aggregation induced by high-fat diet in rats: effects of α-tocopherol. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:487-96. [PMID: 24623516 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether α-tocopherol administration prevented alterations in the ectonucleotidase activities and platelet aggregation induced by high-fat diet in rats. Thus, we examined four groups of male rats which received standard diet, high-fat diet (HFD), α-tocopherol (α-Toc), and high-fat diet plus α-tocopherol. HFD was administered ad libitum and α-Toc by gavage using a dose of 50 mg/kg. After 3 months of treatment, animals were submitted to euthanasia, and blood samples were collected for biochemical assays. Results demonstrate that NTPDase, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase, and 5'-nucleotidase activities were significantly decreased in platelets of HFD group, while that adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was significantly increased in this group in comparison to the other groups (P < 0.05). When rats that received HFD were treated with α-Toc, the activities of these enzymes were similar to the control, but ADA activity was significantly increased in relation to the control and α-Toc group (P < 0.05). HFD group showed an increased in platelet aggregation in comparison to the other groups, and treatment with α-Toc significantly reduced platelet aggregation in this group. These findings demonstrated that HFD alters platelet aggregation and purinergic signaling in the platelets and that treatment with α-Toc was capable of modulating the adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in this experimental condition.
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32
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Mariotini-Moura C, Bastos MSE, de Castro FF, Trindade ML, de Souza Vasconcellos R, Neves-do-Valle MAA, Moreira BP, de Freitas Santos R, de Oliveira CM, Cunha LCS, Souto XM, Bressan GC, Silva-Júnior A, Baqui MMA, Bahia MT, de Almeida MR, Meyer-Fernandes JR, Fietto JLR. Trypanosoma cruzi nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (TcNTPDase-1) biochemical characterization, immunolocalization and possible role in host cell adhesion. Acta Trop 2014; 130:140-7. [PMID: 24269744 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has suggested that Trypanosoma cruzi diphosphohydrolase 1 (TcNTPDase-1) may be involved in the infection of mammalian cells and serve as a potential target for rational drug design. In this work, we produced recombinant TcNTPDase-1 and evaluated its nucleotidase activity, cellular localization and role in parasite adhesion to mammalian host cells. TcNTPDase-1 was able to utilize a broad range of triphosphate and diphosphate nucleosides. The enzyme's Km for ATP (0.096 mM) suggested a capability to influence the host's ATP-dependent purinergic signaling. The use of specific polyclonal antibodies allowed us to confirm the presence of TcNTPDase-1 at the surface of parasites by confocal and electron microscopy. In addition, electron microscopy revealed that TcNTPDase-1 was also found in the flagellum, flagellum insertion region, kinetoplast, nucleus and intracellular vesicles. The presence of this enzyme in the flagellum insertion region and vesicles suggests that it may have a role in nutrient acquisition, and the widespread distribution of TcNTPDase-1 within the parasite suggests that it may be involved in other biological process. Adhesion assays using anti-TcNTPDase-1 polyclonal antibodies as a blocker or purified recombinant TcNTPDase-1 as a competitor revealed that the enzyme has a role in parasite-host cell adhesion. These data open new frontiers to future studies on this specific parasite-host interaction and other unknown functions of TcNTPDase-1 related to its ubiquitous localization.
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Allard B, Turcotte M, Spring K, Pommey S, Royal I, Stagg J. Anti-CD73 therapy impairs tumor angiogenesis. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:1466-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
| | - Martin Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
| | - Kathleen Spring
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
| | - Sandra Pommey
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
| | - Isabelle Royal
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
- Department of Medicine; Université de Montréal; Montréal Québec Canada
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal; Montréal Québec H2L 4M1 Canada
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Antonioli L, Pacher P, Vizi ES, Haskó G. CD39 and CD73 in immunity and inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:355-67. [PMID: 23601906 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 837] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic activities of CD39 and CD73 play strategic roles in calibrating the duration, magnitude, and chemical nature of purinergic signals delivered to immune cells through the conversion of ADP/ATP to AMP and AMP to adenosine, respectively. This drives a shift from an ATP-driven proinflammatory environment to an anti-inflammatory milieu induced by adenosine. The CD39/CD73 pathway changes dynamically with the pathophysiological context in which it is embedded. It is becoming increasingly appreciated that altering this catabolic machinery can change the course or dictate the outcome of several pathophysiological events, such as AIDS, autoimmune diseases, infections, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer, suggesting these ectoenzymes are novel therapeutic targets for managing a variety of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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35
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Zhang M, Ma WJ, He CT, Jiang L, Lu TB. Highly selective recognition and fluorescence imaging of adenosine polyphosphates in aqueous solution. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:4873-9. [PMID: 23560560 DOI: 10.1021/ic302435g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of chemosensors for the recognition of a certain nucleoside polyphosphate among various structurally similar nucleoside polyphosphates remain a fundamental challenge. Herein, we report the new fluorescent chemosensor [Zn2L](ClO4)4 (1; L = (3,6,10,13,17,20,24,27-octaaza-1,15(2,6)-dipyridina-8,22(9,10)-dianthracenacyclooctacosaphane), which can selectively recognize adenosine polyphosphates (ATP and ADP) among various nucleoside polyphosphates, with a large fluorescence enhancement (Fmax/F0 = 70 and 80 for ATP and ADP, respectively) and strong binding affinity (K = 3.1 × 10(11) M(-1) for [Zn2HL(H-1ATP)2](-), 2.8 × 10(11) M(-1) for [Zn2L(H-1ATP)2](2-), and 1.5 × 10(13) M(-1) for [Zn2L(H-1ADP)2](2-)) in aqueous solution at physiological pH 7.40. The structure of [Zn2L](P2O7) (2) was investigated, which shows that μ2-pyrophosphate anions alternately link [Zn2L](4+) cations to generate a 1D coordination polymer. The results of (31)P NMR studies and DFT calculations reveal that the two Zn(II) ions in 1 can interact with ATP/ADP anions through coordination interactions between Zn(II) and the polyphosphate groups, and two anthracene moieties in 1 can interact with adenine groups from two ATP or ADP anions through stacking interactions to form a sandwichlike structure. These multiple recognition interactions between 1 and ATP/ADP enhance the affinity and selectivity of 1 toward ATP/ADP. Due to its highly selective and sensitive ability to detect adenosine polyphosphates, 1 was successfully applied to fluorescence imaging for ATP and ADP in living cells, demonstrating the potential utility of 1 as a fluorescent chemosensor for detecting ATP and ADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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Protective effects of anthocyanins on the ectonucleotidase activity in the impairment of memory induced by scopolamine in adult rats. Life Sci 2012; 91:1221-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Rooklin DW, Lu M, Zhang Y. Revelation of a catalytic calcium-binding site elucidates unusual metal dependence of a human apyrase. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15595-603. [PMID: 22928549 PMCID: PMC3461190 DOI: 10.1021/ja307267y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1 (hSCAN-1) represents a new family of apyrase enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleotide di- and triphosphates, thereby modulating extracellular purinergic and pyrimidinergic signaling. Among well-characterized phosphoryl transfer enzymes, hSCAN-1 is unique not only in its unusual calcium-dependent activation, but also in its novel phosphate-binding motif. Its catalytic site does not utilize backbone amide groups to bind phosphate, as in the common P-loop, but contains a large cluster of acidic ionizable side chains. By employing a state-of-the-art computational approach, we have revealed a previously uncharacterized catalytic calcium-binding site in hSCAN-1, which elucidates the unusual calcium-dependence of its apyrase activity. In a high-order coordination shell, the newly identified calcium ion organizes the active site residues to mediate nucleotide binding, to orient the nucleophilic water, and to facilitate the phosphoryl transfer reaction. From ab initio QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations with umbrella sampling, we have characterized a reverse protonation catalytic mechanism for hSCAN-1 and determined its free energy reaction profile. Our results are consistent with available experimental studies and provide new detailed insight into the structure-function relationship of this novel calcium-activated phosphoryl transfer enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Rooklin
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003
| | - Min Lu
- Public Health Research Institute Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ – New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003
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Gutierres JM, Kaizer RR, Schmatz R, Mazzanti CM, Vieira JM, Rodrigues MV, Jaques J, Carvalho F, Zanini D, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Spanevello RM. α-Tocopherol regulates ectonucleotidase activities in synaptosomes from rats fed a high-fat diet. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 30:286-92. [PMID: 22223394 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
α-Tocopherol (α-Toc) is involved in various physiologic processes, which present antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. High-fat diets have an important role in neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disturbances. This study aimed to investigate the effects of treatment with α-Toc and the consumption of high-fat diets on ectonucleotidase activities in synaptosomes of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum of rats. Animals were divided into four different groups, which received standard diet (control), high-fat saturated diet (HF), α-Toc and high-fat saturated diet plus α-Toc (α-Toc + HF). High-fat saturated diet was administered ad libitum and α-Toc by gavage using a dose of 50 mg·kg(-1). After 3 months of treatment, animals were submitted to euthanasia, and cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum were collected for biochemical assays. Results showed that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) hydrolysis in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum were decreased in HF in comparison to the other groups (P < 0·05). When rats that received HF were treated with α-Toc, the activity of the ectonucleotidases was similar to the control. ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum were increased in the α-Toc group when compared with the other groups (P < 0·05). These findings demonstrated that the HF alters the purinergic signaling in the nervous system and that the treatment with α-Toc was capable of modulating the adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in this experimental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessié Martins Gutierres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Waickman AT, Alme A, Senaldi L, Zarek PE, Horton M, Powell JD. Enhancement of tumor immunotherapy by deletion of the A2A adenosine receptor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 61:917-26. [PMID: 22116345 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The A(2A) adenosine receptor plays a critical and non-redundant role in suppressing inflammation at sites of hypoxia and tissue damage. The tumor microenvironment has high levels of adenosine as a result of hypoxia and ectopic expression of enzymes responsible for the generation of extracellular adenosine. Thus, we sought to determine the ability of A(2A) receptor null mice to immunologically reject tumors. We observed that mice lacking the A(2A) adenosine receptor showed significantly delayed growth of lymphoma cells when compared to WT mice. Furthermore, when immunized with a low dose of tumor or with an irradiated GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine, A(2A) receptor null mice showed significantly enhanced protection from a subsequent high-dose challenge from both immunogenic and poorly immunogenic tumor lines. This increase in protection was accompanied by an increase in the number of tumor-antigen-specific CD8 T cells at the vaccine-site draining lymph node. Finally, we found that A(2A) receptor null mice displayed more robust anti-tumor responses than WT mice when they were treated with a soluble B7-DC/Fc fusion protein designed to antagonize B7-H1-mediated co-inhibition. This combinatorial immunotherapy strategy could also be recapitulated with pharmacological A(2A) receptor blockade paired with B7-DC/Fc administration. In light of these data, we believe that blockade of the A(2A) adenosine receptor is an attractive target for tumor immunotherapy that synergizes with other immunomodulatory approaches currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Waickman
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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CrATP interferes in the promastigote-macrophage interaction in Leishmania amazonensis infection. Parasitology 2011; 138:960-8. [PMID: 21679488 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182011000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent have shown the relationship between Ecto-Nucleoside-Triphosphate-Diphosphohydrolases (Ecto-NTPDases or ecto-nucleotidases) and virulence and infectivity in trypanosomatids. In this work, the inhibition of the ecto-ATPase activities and promastigote growth of Leishmania amazonensis by CrATP was characterized. Furthermore, this compound was used to investigate the role of ecto-nucleotidase in the interaction of L. amazonensis with resident peritoneal macrophages obtained from BALB/c mice. CrATP partially inhibits the ecto-ATPase activity, presenting Ki values of 575·7±199·1 and 383·5±79·0 μm, in the presence or absence of 5 mm MgCl2, respectively. The apparent Kms for ATP (2·9±0·5 mm to Mg2+-dependent ecto-ATPase and 0·4±0·2 mm to Mg2+-independent ecto-ATPase activities) are not significantly altered by CrATP, suggesting a reversible non-competitive inhibition of both enzymes. When CrATP was added to the cultivation medium at 500 μm, it drastically inhibited the cellular growth. The interaction of promastigote forms of L. amazonensis with BALB/c peritoneal macrophages is strongly affected by CrATP. When the parasites were treated with 500 μm CrATP before interacting with macrophages, the adhesion and endocytic indices were strongly reduced to 53·0±14·8% and 39·8±1·1%, respectively. These results indicate that ecto-nucleotidase plays an important role in the infection process caused by Leishmania amazonensis.
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Bertone V, Tarantola E, Ferrigno A, Gringeri E, Barni S, Vairetti M, Freitas I. Altered alkaline phosphatase activity in obese Zucker rats liver respect to lean Zucker and Wistar rats discussed in terms of all putative roles ascribed to the enzyme. Eur J Histochem 2011; 55:e5. [PMID: 21556120 PMCID: PMC3167342 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2011.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary complications often lead to acute and chronic liver injury after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Bile composition and secretion depend on the integrated action of all the components of the biliary tree, starting from hepatocytes. Fatty livers are often discarded as grafts for OLT, since they are extremely vulnerable to conventional cold storage (CS). However, the insufficiency of donors has stimulated research to improve the usage of such marginal organs as well as grafts. Our group has recently developed a machine perfusion system at subnormothermic temperature (20°C; MP20) that allows a marked improvement in preservation of fatty and even of normal rat livers as compared with CS. We sought to evaluate the response of the biliary tree of fatty liver to MP20, and a suitable marker was essential to this purpose. Alkaline phosphatase (AlkP, EC 3.1.3.1), frequently used as marker of membrane transport in hepatocytes and bile ducts, was our first choice. Since no histochemical data were available on AlkP distribution and activity in fatty liver, we have first settled to investigate AlkP activity in the steatotic liver of fatty Zucker rats (fa/fa), using as controls lean Zucker (fa/+) and normal Wistar rats. The AlkP reaction in Wistar rats was in accordance with the existing data and, in particular, was present in bile canaliculi of hepatocytes in the periportal region and midzone, in the canals of Hering and in small bile ducts but not in large bile ducts. In lean ZR liver the AlkP reaction in Hering canals and small bile ducts was similar to Wistar rat liver but hepatocytes had lower canalicular activity and besides presented moderate basolateral reaction. The difference between lean Zucker and Wistar rats, both phenotypically normal animals, could be related to the fact that lean Zucker rats are genotypically heterozygous for a recessive mutated allele. In fatty liver, the activity in ductules and small bile ducts was unchanged, but most hepatocytes were devoid of AlkP activity with the exception of clusters of macrosteatotic hepatocytes in the mid-zone, where the reaction was intense in basolateral domains and in distorted canaliculi, a typical pattern of cholestasis. The interpretation of these data was hindered by the fact that the physiological role of AlkP is still under debate. In the present study, the various functions proposed for the role of the enzyme in bile canaliculi and in cholangiocytes are reviewed. Independently of the AlkP role, our data suggest that AlkP does not seem to be a reliable marker to study the initial step of bile production during OLT of fatty livers, but may still be used to investigate the behaviour of bile ductules and small bile ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bertone
- Department of Animal Biology and Histochemistry and Cytometry, SectionIGM-CNR, University of Pavia, Italy
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Knowles AF. The GDA1_CD39 superfamily: NTPDases with diverse functions. Purinergic Signal 2011; 7:21-45. [PMID: 21484095 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-010-9214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first comprehensive review of the ubiquitous "ecto-ATPases" by Plesner was published in 1995. A year later, a lymphoid cell activation antigen, CD39, that had been cloned previously, was shown to be an ecto-ATPase. A family of proteins, related to CD39 and a yeast GDPase, all containing the canonical apyrase conserved regions in their polypeptides, soon started to expand. They are now recognized as members of the GDA1_CD39 protein family. Because proteins in this family hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates, a unifying nomenclature, nucleoside triphosphate diphopshohydrolases (NTPDases), was established in 2000. Membrane-bound NTPDases are either located on the cell surface or membranes of intracellular organelles. Soluble NTPDases exist in the cytosol and may be secreted. In the last 15 years, molecular cloning and functional expression have facilitated biochemical characterization of NTPDases of many organisms, culminating in the recent structural determination of the ecto-domain of a mammalian cell surface NTPDase and a bacterial NTPDase. The first goal of this review is to summarize the biochemical, mutagenesis, and structural studies of the NTPDases. Because of their ability in hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides, the mammalian cell surface NTPDases (the ecto-NTPDases) which regulate purinergic signaling have received the most attention. Less appreciated are the functions of intracellular NTPDases and NTPDases of other organisms, e.g., bacteria, parasites, Drosophila, plants, etc. The second goal of this review is to summarize recent findings which demonstrate the involvement of the NTPDases in multiple and diverse physiological processes: pathogen-host interaction, plant growth, eukaryote cell protein and lipid glycosylation, eye development, and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen F Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-1030, USA,
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Deaglio S, Robson SC. Ectonucleotidases as regulators of purinergic signaling in thrombosis, inflammation, and immunity. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2011; 61:301-32. [PMID: 21586363 PMCID: PMC5879773 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385526-8.00010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evolving studies in models of transplant rejection, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer, among others, have implicated purinergic signaling in clinical manifestations of vascular injury and thrombophilia, inflammation, and immune disturbance. Within the vasculature, spatial and temporal expression of CD39 nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) family members together with CD73 ecto-5'-nucleotidase control platelet activation, thrombus size, and stability. This is achieved by closely regulated phosphohydrolytic activities to scavenge extracellular nucleotides, maintain P2-receptor integrity, and coordinate adenosinergic signaling responses. The CD38/CD157 family of extracellular NADases degrades NAD(+) and generates Ca(2+)-active metabolites, including cyclic ADP ribose and ADP ribose. These mediators regulate leukocyte adhesion and chemotaxis. These mechanisms are crucial in vascular homeostasis, hemostasis, thrombogenesis, and during inflammation. There has been recent interest in ectonucleotidase expression by immune cells. CD39 expression identifies Langerhans-type dendritic cells and efficiently distinguishes T regulatory cells from other resting or activated T cells. CD39, together with CD73 in mice, serves as an integral component of the suppressive machinery of T cells. Purinergic responses also impact generation of T helper-type 17 cells. Further, CD38 and changes in NAD(+) availability modulate ADP ribosylation of the cytolytic P2X7 receptor that deletes T regulatory cells. Expression of CD39, CD73, and CD38 ectonucleotidases on either endothelial or immune cells allows for homeostatic integration and control of vascular inflammatory and immune cell reactions at sites of injury. Ongoing development of therapeutic strategies targeting these and other ectonucleotidases offers promise for the management of vascular thrombosis, disordered inflammation, and aberrant immune reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Genetics, Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Turin & Human Genetics Foundation, Italy
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Rücker B, Abreu-Vieira G, Bischoff LB, Harthmann AD, Sarkis JJF, Wink MR, Casali EA. The nucleotide hydrolysis is altered in blood serum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2010; 116:79-87. [PMID: 20420481 DOI: 10.3109/13813451003777067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ectonucleotidases and the nucleotide metabolism have been implicated as important regulators of various tissue functions in diabetes disease. Here we evaluated the ectonucleotidase activities and the profile of extracellular ATP metabolism in blood serum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. We observed a raise in ATP, ADP, AMP, and 5'-TMP hydrolysis in blood serum after 30 days of diabetes induction, when compared with the citrate group. However, in serum of rats treated 6 days with insulin, the hydrolysis returned to the control levels. Extracellular ATP metabolism estimated by HPLC analysis showed a rapid hydrolysis of extracellular ATP by diabetic animals, leading to the formation of high levels of adenosine when compared with citrate and insulin groups. Since in diabetes the vascular disease is frequently present, the alterations observed are important, because these enzymes control the nucleotides/nucleosides ratio in the circulation and thus the events related to haemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Rücker
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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45
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Joye IJ, Beliën T, Brijs K, Proost P, Soetaert W, Delcour JA. Characterisation of the first wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase resembling mammalian counterparts. J Cereal Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gaddie KJ, Kirley TL. Proline residues link the active site to transmembrane domain movements in human nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (NTPDase3). Purinergic Signal 2010; 6:327-37. [PMID: 21103216 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-010-9180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The active sites of the membrane-bound nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) regulate and are regulated by coordinated and spatially distant movements of their transmembrane helices, modulating enzyme activity, and substrate specificity. Using site-directed mutagenesis, the roles of the conserved proline residues (N-terminal: P52 and P53; C-terminal: P472, P476, P481, P484, and P485) of human NTPDase3, located in the "linker regions" that connect the N- and C-terminal transmembrane helices with the extracellular active site, were examined. Single cysteine substitutions were strategically placed in the transmembrane domain (N-terminal helix: V42C; C-terminal helix: G489C) to serve as cross-linking "sensors" of helical interactions. These "sensor" background mutant proteins (V42C and G489C NTPDase3) are enzymatically active and are cross-linked by copper phenanthroline less efficiently in the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Proline to alanine substitutions at P53, P481, P484, and P485 in the V42C background, as well as P53, P481, and P484 in the G489C background, exhibited decreased nucleotidase activities. More importantly, alanine substitutions at P53 and P481 in the V42C background and P481 in the G489C background no longer exhibited the ATP-induced decrease in transmembrane cross-linking efficiency. Interestingly, the P485A mutation abolished oxidative cross-linking at G489C both in the presence and absence of ATP. Taken together, these results suggest a role for proline residues 53 and 481 in the linker regions of human NTPDase3 for coupling nucleotide binding at the enzyme active site to movements and/or rearrangements of the transmembrane helices necessary for optimal nucleotide hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith J Gaddie
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670575, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575 USA
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Xu Z, Singh NJ, Lim J, Pan J, Kim HN, Park S, Kim KS, Yoon J. Unique sandwich stacking of pyrene-adenine-pyrene for selective and ratiometric fluorescent sensing of ATP at physiological pH. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:15528-33. [PMID: 19919166 DOI: 10.1021/ja906855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A pincer-like benzene-bridged sensor 1 with a pyrene excimer as a signal source and imidazolium as a phosphate anion receptor was synthesized and investigated for ATP sensing. A unique switch of excimer vs monomer pyrene fluorescence of 1 is observed in the presence of ATP due to the charcteristic sandwich pi-pi stacking of pyrene-adenine-pyrene. On the other hand, four other bases of nucleoside triphosphates such as GTP, CTP, UTP, and TTP can interact only from the outside with the already stabilized stacked pyrene-pyrene dimer of 1, resulting in excimer fluorescence quenching. The fluorescent intensity ratio of monomer-to-excimer for 1 upon binding with ATP (I(375)/I(487)) is much larger than that upon binding with ADP and AMP. This difference is large enough to discriminate ATP from ADP and AMP. As one of the biological applications, sensor 1 is successfully applied to the ATP staining experiments. Sensor 1 is also applied to monitor the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP by apyrase. The results indicate that 1 is a useful fluorescent sensor for investigations of ATP-relevant biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science and Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
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Witters P, Hoylaerts M, Freson K, de Vos R, van Pelt J, Nevens F, van Geet C, Cassiman D. ADP-degrading enzymes inhibit platelet activation in bile duct-ligated rats. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:360-8. [PMID: 19895672 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of cholestatic liver disease on primary hemostasis function remains ill-defined. OBJECTIVES To determine platelet function and identify the mechanisms involved in the observed platelet function in cholestatic rats. METHODS Platelet function was studied in a model of 2-week bile duct ligation and compared to that in sham-operated rats with and without a storage pool defect. RESULTS ADP-induced and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were clearly impaired following bile duct ligation (P<0.01 for areas under the curve). Crossover experiments, with sham platelets in bile duct-ligated plasma and vice versa, demonstrated that this is due to inhibition by a plasmatic factor, as sham platelets aggregated less in cholestatic plasma (P<0.03) and to an equal extent as platelets from bile duct-ligated rats when they were in the same sham or cholestatic plasma. Moreover, in bile duct-ligated rats, platelet ultrastructure was unaffected and platelet aggregation was similar to that of sham platelets when resuspended in the same plasma (P-value not significant). Additionally, studies in storage pool-deficient rats showed no role of platelet exhaustion. The plasmatic factor causing impaired aggregation was shown to be increased total activity of ADP-degrading enzymes upon bile duct ligation (P<0.01), as there was no decreased aggregation with a stable ADP analog in bile duct-ligated rats (P-value not significant vs. sham-operated rats). Furthermore, preincubation of plasma from bile duct-ligated rats with ADP decreased aggregation more than was seen with sham plasma (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Bile duct ligation does not affect intrinsic platelet function, but impairs platelet activation via release of ADP-degrading enzymes in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Witters
- Liver Research Facility, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Naumenko NV, Uzinskaya KV, Shakirzyanova AV, Urazaev AK, Zefirov AL. Adenosine triphosphoric acid as a factor of nervous regulation of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransport in rat skeletal muscle fibers. Bull Exp Biol Med 2010; 147:583-6. [PMID: 19907744 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-009-0575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous adenosine triphosphoric acid produces a biphasic effect on the resting membrane potential of muscle fibers in rat diaphragm. Depolarization of the sarcolemma observed 10 min after application of adenosine triphosphoric acid results from activation of Na(+)/K(+)/2Cl(-) cotransport. The increase in chloride cotransport is related to activation of postsynaptic P2Y receptors and protein kinase C. Repolarization of the membrane develops 40 min after treatment with adenosine triphosphoric acid and after 50 min the resting membrane potential almost returns the control level. This increase in the resting membrane potential of the sarcolemma is probably associated with activation of the Na(+)/K(+) pump and increase in membrane permeability for chlorine ions in response to long-term activity of Cl(-) cotransport. Thus, adenosine triphosphoric acid co-secreted with acetylcholine in the neuromuscular synapse probably plays a role in the regulation resting membrane potential and cell volume of muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Naumenko
- Kazan State Medical University, Tatarstan, Russia.
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50
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Gaddie KJ, Kirley TL. Conserved polar residues stabilize transmembrane domains and promote oligomerization in human nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3. Biochemistry 2009; 48:9437-47. [PMID: 19743837 DOI: 10.1021/bi900909g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polar residues play essential roles in the functions of transmembrane helices by mediating and stabilizing their helical interactions. To investigate the structural and functional roles of the conserved polar residues in the N- and C-terminal transmembrane helices of human nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (NTPDase3) (N-terminus, S33, S39, T41, and Q44; C-terminus, T490, T495, and C501), each was singly mutated to alanine. The mutant proteins were analyzed for enzymatic activities, glycosylation status, expression level, and Triton X-100 detergent sensitivity. The Q44A mutation decreased Mg-ATPase activity by approximately 70% and abolished Triton X-100 detergent inhibition of Ca-dependent nucleotidase activities while greatly attenuating Triton X-100 inhibition of Mg-dependent nucleotidase activities. The polar residues were also mutated to cysteine, singly and in pairs, to allow a disulfide cross-linking strategy to map potential inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions. The results support the centrality of Q44 for the strong intermolecular interactions driving the association of the N-terminal helices of two NTPDase3 monomers in a dimer, and the possibility that T41 may play a role in the specificity of this interaction. In addition, S33 and C501 form an intramolecular association, while S39 and T495 may contribute to helical interactions involved in forming higher-order oligomers. Lastly, Tween 20 substantially and selectively increases NTPDase3 activity, mediated by the transmembrane helices containing the conserved polar residues. Taken together, the data suggest a model for putative hydrogen bond interactions of the conserved polar residues in the transmembrane domain of native, oligomeric NTPDase3. These interactions are important for proper protein expression, full enzymatic activity, and susceptibility to membrane perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith J Gaddie
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0575, USA
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