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Nagel A, Cuss CW, Goss GG, Shotyk W, Glover CN. Effects of Acute and Subchronic Waterborne Thallium Exposure on Ionoregulatory Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Stress in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:87-96. [PMID: 37750573 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of acute (96-hour) and subchronic (28-day) toxicity of the waterborne trace metal thallium (Tl) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. Specifically, effects on branchial and renal ionoregulatory enzymes (sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase [ATPase; NKA] and proton ATPase) and hepatic oxidative stress endpoints (protein carbonylation, glutathione content, and activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase) were examined. Fish (19-55 g) were acutely exposed to 0 (control), 0.9 (regulatory limit), 2004 (half the acute median lethal concentration), or 4200 (acute median lethal concentration) µg Tl L-1 or subchronically exposed to 0, 0.9, or 141 (an elevated environmental concentration) µg Tl L-1 . The only effect following acute exposure was a stimulation of renal H+ -ATPase activity at the highest Tl exposure concentration. Similarly, the only significant effect of subchronic Tl exposure was an inhibition of branchial NKA activity at 141 µg Tl L-1 , an effect that may reflect the interaction of Tl with potassium ion handling. Despite significant literature evidence for effects of Tl on oxidative stress, there were no effects of Tl on any such endpoint in rainbow trout, regardless of exposure duration or exposure concentration. Elevated basal levels of antioxidant defenses may explain this finding. These data suggest that ionoregulatory perturbance is a more likely mechanism of Tl toxicity than oxidative stress in rainbow trout but is an endpoint of relevance only at elevated environmental Tl concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:87-96. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Nagel
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chad W Cuss
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University Newfoundland-Grenfell Campus, Corner Brook, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - William Shotyk
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chris N Glover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Science and Technology and Athabasca River Basin Research Institute, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
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Mit C, Beaudouin R, Palluel O, Turiès C, Daniele G, Giroud B, Bado-Nilles A. Exposure and hazard of bisphenol A, S and F: a multi-biomarker approach in three-spined stickleback. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28462-4. [PMID: 37436621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the estrogenic behavior of bisphenol (BP) A, industries have developed many substitutes, such as BPS and BPF. However, due to their structural similarities, adverse effects on reproduction are currently observed in various organisms, including fish. Even if new results have shown impacts of these bisphenols on many other physiological functions, their mode of action remains unclear. In this context, we proposed to better understand the impact of BPA, BPS, and BPF on immune responses (leucocyte sub-populations, cell death, respiratory burst, lysosomal presence, and phagocytic activity) and on biomarkers of metabolic detoxification (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, EROD, and glutathione S-transferase, GST) and oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase, GPx, and lipid peroxidation with thiobarbituric acid reactive substance method, TBARS) in an adult sentinel fish species, the three-spined stickleback. In order to enhance our understanding of how biomarkers change over time, it is essential to determine the internal concentration responsible for the observed responses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the toxicokinetics of bisphenols. Thus, sticklebacks were exposed either to 100 μg/L of BPA, BPF or BPS for 21 days, or for seven days to 10 and 100 μg/L of BPA or BPS followed by seven days of depuration. Although BPS has very different TK, due to its lower bioaccumulation compared to BPA and BPF, BPS affect oxidative stress and phagocytic activity in the same way. For those reasons, the replacement of BPA by any substitute should be made carefully in terms of risk assessment on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Mit
- Experimental Toxicology and Modelling Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Experimental Toxicology and Modelling Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Gaëlle Daniele
- CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Barbara Giroud
- CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France.
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Guan M, Wang X, Pan Y, Xu Y, Cao Y, Yan L, Ma L, Ma F, Zhang X. Delving into the molecular initiating event of cadmium toxification via the dose-dependent functional genomics approach in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121287. [PMID: 36791950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Determining dose-response relationship is essential for comprehensively revealing chemical-caused effects on organisms. However, uncertainty and complexity of gene/protein interactions cause the inability of traditional toxicogenomic methods (e.g., transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) to effectively establish the direct relationship between chemical exposure and genes. In this work, we built an effective dose-dependent yeast functional genomics approach, which can clearly identify the direct gene-chemical link in the process of cadmium (Cd) toxification from a genome-wide scale with wide range concentrations (0.83, 2.49, 7.48, 22.45, 67.34, 202.03 and 606.1 μM). Firstly, we identified 220 responsive strains, and found that 142, 110, 91, 34, 8, 0 and 0 responsive strains can be respectively modulated by seven different Cd exposure concentrations ranging from high to low. Secondly, our results demonstrated that these genes induced by the high Cd exposure were mainly enriched in the process of cell autophagy, but ones caused by the low Cd exposure were primarily involved in oxidative stress. Thirdly, we found that the top-ranked GO biological processes with the lowest point of departure (POD) were transmembrane transporter complex and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III, suggesting that mitochondrion might be the toxicity target of Cd. Similarly, nucleotide excision repair was ranked first in KEGG pathway with the least POD, indicating that this dose-dependent functional genomics approach can effectively detect the molecular initiating event (MIE) of cadmium toxification. Fourthly, we identified four key mutant strains (RIP1, QCR8, CYT1 and QCR2) as biomarkers for Cd exposure. Finally, the dose-dependent functional genomics approach also performed well in identifying MIE for additional genotoxicity chemical 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) data. Overall, our study developed a dose-dependent functional genomics approach, which is powerful to delve into the MIE of chemical toxification and is beneficial for guiding further chemical risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yuqi Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Lu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Lili Ma
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Fei Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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Spindola Vilela CL, Damasceno TL, Thomas T, Peixoto RS. Global qualitative and quantitative distribution of micropollutants in the deep sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119414. [PMID: 35598814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants (MPs) include a wide range of biological disruptors that can be toxic to wildlife and humans at very low concentrations (<1 μg/L). These mainly anthropogenic pollutants have been widely detected in different areas of the planet, including the deep sea, and have impacts on marine life. Because of this potential toxicity, the global distribution, quantity, incidence, and potential impacts of deep-sea MPs were investigated in a systematic review of the literature. The results showed that MPs have reached different zones of the ocean and are more frequently reported in the Northern Hemisphere, where higher concentrations are found. MPs are also concentrated in depths up to 3000 m, where they are also more frequently studied, but also extend deeper than 10,000 m. Potentially toxic metals (PTMs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), organotins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified as the most prevalent and widely distributed MPs at ≥200 m depth. PTMs are widely distributed in the deep sea in high concentrations; aluminum is the most prevalent up to 3000 m depth, followed by zinc and copper. PCBs, organotins, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), PAHs, and phenols were detected accumulated in both organisms and environmental samples above legislated thresholds or known toxicity levels. Our assessment indicated that the deep sea can be considered a sink for MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Leite Spindola Vilela
- Department of General Microbiology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taissa Lopes Damasceno
- Department of General Microbiology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Raquel Silva Peixoto
- Department of General Microbiology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Majid S, Van Belleghem F, Ploem JP, Wouters A, Blust R, Smeets K. Interactive toxicity of copper and cadmium in regenerating and adult planarians. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:133819. [PMID: 35114265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In a polluted environment, metals are present as complex mixtures. As a result, organisms are exposed to different metals at the same time, which affects both metal-specific as well as overall toxicity. Detailed information about the molecular mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of combined exposures remains limited in terms of different life stages. In this study, the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea was used to investigate developmental and physiological responses associated with a combined exposure to Cu and Cd. In addition, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the provoked adverse effects were studied in different exposure scenarios. Mixed exposure resulted in a decline in survival, diverse non-lethal morphological changes, neuroregenerative impairments, altered behaviour and a limited repair capacity. Underlying to these effects, the cellular redox state was altered in all exposure conditions. In adult animals, this led to DNA damage and corresponding transcriptional changes in cell cycle and DNA repair genes. In regenerating animals, changes in hydrogen peroxide and glutathione contents led to regenerative defects. Overall, our results demonstrate that (1) developing organisms are more susceptible to metal exposures, and (2) the toxicity of an individual metal increases significantly in a mixed exposure scenario. These aspects have to be included in current risk assessment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanah Majid
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium; Systemic Physiological & Eco-toxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, 2020, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Belleghem
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, 6419, AT, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Pieter Ploem
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium
| | - Annelies Wouters
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological & Eco-toxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, 2020, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, 3590, Belgium.
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Marchand A, Tebby C, Catteau A, Turiès C, Porcher JM, Bado-Nilles A. Application in a biomonitoring context of three-spined stickleback immunomarker reference ranges. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112580. [PMID: 34352578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of a biomarker for biomonitoring programs was influenced both by the knowledge on biomarker natural inter-individual and site variabilities and by the sensitivity of the biomarker towards environmental perturbations. To minimize data misinterpretation, robustness reference values for biomarkers were important in biomonitoring programs. Specific three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, immune reference ranges for field studies had been determined based on laboratory data and one reference station (Contentieuse river at Houdancourt). In this study, data obtained in one uncontaminated and three contaminated sites were compared to these reference ranges as a validation step before considering them for larger scale biomonitoring programs. When the field reference range were compared to data from the uncontaminated station (Béronelle), only few deviations were shown. In this way, data coming from uncontaminated station (Béronelle) was integrated in the field reference ranges to improve the evaluation of site variability. The new field reference ranges provided better discrimination of sites and spanned a larger range of fish lengths than the initial reference ranges. Furthermore, the results suggest lysosomal presence during several months and phagocytosis capacity in autumn may be the most relevant immunomarkers towards identifying contaminated sites. In the future, combining this reference value approach with active biomonitoring could facilitate the obtention of data in multiple stream conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Marchand
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cleo Tebby
- INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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Abstract
Toxic metals remain a current important threat to aquatic ecosystems, despite regulatory efforts to reduce their release. Several toxic metals already appear in the list of priority substances polluting surface waters, while concerns arise from the increasing use of technology-critical metals such as metallic nanoparticles, rare-earth, and platinum group metals. In aquatic environments, various chemical, biological and physical processes determine the impact of metals on the biota. This review provides insights into responses to toxic metals recently reported in freshwater and marine animals. The specific emphasis is on: (i) common cellular and molecular responses; (ii) stress proteins; (iii) redox homeostasis; (iv) cytoskeleton rearrangement; (v) metabolism reshuffle; (vi) free cellular energy and mitochondrial metabolism; and (vi) immunity. These endpoints are promising, notably in multi-biomarker approaches to identify precise cellular toxicity pathways and anticipate the impact of environmental metal pollution.
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Zhu MK, Li HY, Bai LH, Wang LS, Zou XT. Histological changes, lipid metabolism, and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver of laying hens exposed to cadmium concentrations. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3215-3228. [PMID: 32475458 PMCID: PMC7597684 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cadmium (Cd) on histological changes, lipid metabolism, and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the liver of layers. A total of 480 hens at 38 wk of age were randomly assigned in 5 groups that were fed a basal diet or basal diet supplemented with CdCl2 2.5H2O at 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 mg Cd/kg feed for 9 wk. The results showed that accumulation of Cd was the greatest in the kidney, followed by the liver, pancreas, and lung. Diet contaminated with 30 mg Cd/kg induced antioxidant defenses accompanied by the increase of the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, while dietary supplementation with 60 mg Cd/kg decreased the antioxidant levels significantly (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay showed Cd induced reactive oxygen species production and endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocytes. Exposure to 60 mg Cd/kg significantly upregulated the expression of cytochrome C, caspase 3, caspase 9, caspase 7, Grp78, and Chop (P < 0.05). Histopathology and quantitative real-time PCR results presented periportal fibrosis, bile duct hyperplasia, and periportal inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver accompanied by upregulating the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in the 30- or 60-mg Cd/kg groups. Oil Red O staining and RT-qPCR results showed dietary supplementation with 7.5, 15, and 30 mg Cd/kg promoted the synthesis of lipid droplets and upregulated the expression of fatty acid synthase, while dietary supplementation with 60 mg Cd/kg attenuated the synthesis of lipid droplets and downregulated the expression of acyl-CoA oxidase 1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, and perixisome proliferation-activated receptor α (P < 0.05). Besides, the expression of vitellogenin (VTG) II and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein were upregulated in the 7.5-mg Cd/kg group, and the expressions of apolipoprotein B, vitellogenin II, and apolipoprotein very-low-density lipoprotein-II were downregulated in the 30- and/or 60-mg Cd/kg groups (P < 0.05). Conclusively, although low-dose Cd exposure promoted the synthesis of lipids and lipoproteins in the liver, the increase of Cd exposure could trigger liver injury through inducing oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress and negatively affect lipid metabolism and yolk formation in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - H Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - L H Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - L S Wang
- Jiande Weifeng Feed Co., Ltd., Jiande, 311603 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - X T Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
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Marchand A, Tebby C, Beaudouin R, Catteau A, Porcher JM, Turiès C, Bado-Nilles A. Reliability evaluation of biomarker reference ranges for mesocosm and field conditions: Cellular innate immunomarkers in Gasterosteus aculeatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134333. [PMID: 31783456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to their sensitivity to environmental contamination and their link with fish health status, innate immunomarkers are of great interest for environmental risk assessment studies. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge about the effect of confounding factors can lead to data misinterpretation and false diagnostics. So, the determination of reference values was of huge interest for the integration of biomarkers in biomonitoring programs. Laboratory immunomarker reference ranges (including cellular mortality, leucocyte distribution, phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst and lysosomal presence) that consider three confounding factors (season, sex and body size) were previously developed in three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, from our husbandry. Usefulness of these reference ranges in biomonitoring programs depends on how they can be transposed to various experimental levels, such as mesocosm (outdoor artificial pond) and field conditions. Immunomarkers were therefore measured every 2 months over 1 year in one mesocosm and in one site assumed to uncontaminated (Houdancourt, field). Differences between immunomarker seasonal variations in mesocosm and field fish on one side and laboratory fish on the other side were quantified: in some cases, seasonal trends were not significant or did not differ between mesocosm and laboratory conditions, but overall, models developed based on data obtained in laboratory conditions were poorly predictive of data obtained in mesocosm or field conditions. To propose valuable field reference ranges, mesocosm and field data were integrated in innate immunomarker modelling in order to strengthen the knowledge on the effect of confounding factors. As in laboratory conditions, sex was overall a confounding factor only for necrotic cell percentage and granulocyte-macrophage distribution and size was a confounding factor only for cellular mortality, leucocyte distribution and phagocytosis activity. Confounding factors explained a large proportion of immunomarker variability in particular for phagocytosis activity and lysosomal presence. Further research is needed to test the field models in a biomonitoring program to compare the sensitivity of immunomarkers to the confounding factors identified in this study and the sensitivity to various levels of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Marchand
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Cleo Tebby
- INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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10
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Proteomic response of Euglena gracilis to heavy metal exposure – Identification of key proteins involved in heavy metal tolerance and accumulation. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Çatav ŞS, Genç TO, Oktay MK, Küçükakyüz K. Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat: Impacts on Element Contents, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:71-77. [PMID: 31748863 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is constantly increasing in agricultural systems due to anthropogenic activities and causes significant reductions in the yield of crop species. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of Cd stress on growth, element contents, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities, and genotoxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To achieve this goal, 7-day-old wheat seedlings were subjected to different concentrations of Cd(NO3)2·4H2O (250, 500, and 1000 µM) for 4 days. The results show that Cd stress induces growth inhibition, oxidative injury, and genotoxicity in wheat seedlings. Moreover, the highest concentration of Cd treatment led to a significant increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, except for catalase. In addition, a dramatic decrease was observed in K and Ca contents in response to Cd treatments. Overall, our findings suggest that even short-term exposure to Cd can impair key physiological processes influencing growth, oxidative homeostasis, and genomic stability in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükrü Serter Çatav
- Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Kötekli, 48000, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Tuncer Okan Genç
- Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Kötekli, 48000, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Müjgan Kesik Oktay
- Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Kötekli, 48000, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Köksal Küçükakyüz
- Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Kötekli, 48000, Muğla, Turkey
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12
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Guo X, Seo JE, Li X, Mei N. Genetic toxicity assessment using liver cell models: past, present, and future. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2019; 23:27-50. [PMID: 31746269 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1692744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic compounds may be detoxified to non-genotoxic metabolites while many pro-carcinogens require metabolic activation to exert their genotoxicity in vivo. Standard genotoxicity assays were developed and utilized for risk assessment for over 40 years. Most of these assays are conducted in metabolically incompetent rodent or human cell lines. Deficient in normal metabolism and relying on exogenous metabolic activation systems, the current in vitro genotoxicity assays often have yielded high false positive rates, which trigger unnecessary and costly in vivo studies. Metabolically active cells such as hepatocytes have been recognized as a promising cell model in predicting genotoxicity of carcinogens in vivo. In recent years, significant advances in tissue culture and biological technologies provided new opportunities for using hepatocytes in genetic toxicology. This review encompasses published studies (both in vitro and in vivo) using hepatocytes for genotoxicity assessment. Findings from both standard and newly developed genotoxicity assays are summarized. Various liver cell models used for genotoxicity assessment are described, including the potential application of advanced liver cell models such as 3D spheroids, organoids, and engineered hepatocytes. An integrated strategy, that includes the use of human-based cells with enhanced biological relevance and throughput, and applying the quantitative analysis of data, may provide an approach for future genotoxicity risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Guo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ji-Eun Seo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Xilin Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
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13
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Jurgelėnė Ž, Stankevičiūtė M, Kazlauskienė N, Baršienė J, Jokšas K, Markuckas A. Toxicological Potential of Cadmium Impact on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Early Development. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:544-550. [PMID: 31440797 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02694-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element widely distributed in the aquatic environment and producing a wide variety of harmful effects. In this study, the acute toxicity (96 h LC50) of Cd to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss embryos and larvae was determined. The obtained results showed that hatched larvae were the most sensitive to Cd exposure. After 4 days of exposure, embryos were found to have accumulated greater concentrations of Cd than larvae. Exposure to Cd at sublethal concentrations produced deleterious, exposure duration-related effects on biological parameters (mortality, heart rate and gill ventilation frequency) of larvae. Cd induced a significant elevation of all the studied geno- and cytotoxicity endpoints in larval erythroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živilė Jurgelėnė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | | | | | - Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko St. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Markuckas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Av. 7, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
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14
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Alimba CG, Laide AW. Genotoxic and cytotoxic assessment of individual and composite mixture of cadmium, lead and manganese in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) using micronucleus assay. THE NUCLEUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-019-00289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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15
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Castaño A, Bols N, Braunbeck T, Dierickx P, Halder M, Isomaa B, Kawahara K, Lee LEJ, Mothersill C, Pärt P, Repetto G, Sintes JR, Rufli H, Smith R, Wood C, Segner H. The use of Fish Cells in Ecotoxicology: The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 47,. Altern Lab Anim 2019; 31:317-51. [PMID: 15612875 DOI: 10.1177/026119290303100314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argelia Castaño
- Animal Health Research Centre, Spanish National Institute for Food and Agrarian Research and Technology (CISA-INIA), 28130 Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
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Queiroz EC, da Silva BF, Salla RV, Ramos JPL, Gnocchi KG, Chippari-Gomes AR. Genotoxic Damages and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Geophagus Brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:181-185. [PMID: 30631894 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) in Geophagus brasiliensis was investigated in the present study. For this, 32 specimens of G. brasiliensis were exposed in individual aquaria to Cd concentrations (0.00, 0.01, 0.07, and 0.67 mg/L) for 14 days. The micronuclei test did not detect the genotoxic damage at the studied concentrations and time of exposure. However, the comet assay proved to be more efficient, as DNA damage was found in the animals exposed to the higher Cd concentrations. Finally, exposure of G. brasiliensis to Cd was associated with Cd accumulation in the gills, while only the animals exposed to 0.67 mg/L of Cd exhibited muscle accumulation. These results demonstrate that Cd concentrations over 0.07 mg/L caused genotoxic damage, as well as Cd accumulation in G. brasiliensis individuals after a 14 days exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle Carneiro Queiroz
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada (LAB PEIXE), Universidade Vila Velha -UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n o 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ferreira da Silva
- InstitutoAplysia, Rua Júlia Lacourt Penha, n o 335, Jardim Camburi, Vitoria, ES, 29090-210, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Victor Salla
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada (LAB PEIXE), Universidade Vila Velha -UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n o 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Jean Pierre Louzada Ramos
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada (LAB PEIXE), Universidade Vila Velha -UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n o 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Karla Giavarini Gnocchi
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada (LAB PEIXE), Universidade Vila Velha -UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n o 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Adriana Regina Chippari-Gomes
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Aplicada (LAB PEIXE), Universidade Vila Velha -UVV, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n o 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil.
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AnvariFar H, Amirkolaie AK, Jalali AM, Miandare HK, Sayed AH, Üçüncü Sİ, Ouraji H, Ceci M, Romano N. Environmental pollution and toxic substances: Cellular apoptosis as a key parameter in a sensible model like fish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY 2018; 204:144-159. [PMID: 30273782 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The industrial wastes, sewage effluents, agricultural run-off and decomposition of biological waste may cause high environmental concentration of chemicals that can interfere with the cell cycle activating the programmed process of cells death (apoptosis). In order to provide a detailed understanding of environmental pollutants-induced apoptosis, here we reviewed the current knowledge on the interactions of environmental chemicals and programmed cell death. Metals (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, zinc, copper, mercury and silver) as well as other chemicals including bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (BKME), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and pesticides (organo-phosphated, organo-chlorinated, carbamates, phyretroids and biopesticides) were evaluated in relation to apoptotic pathways, heat shock proteins and metallothioneins. Although research performed over the past decades has improved our understanding of processes involved in apoptosis in fish, yet there is lack of knowledge on associations between environmental pollutants and apoptosis. Thus, this review could be useful tool to study the cytotoxic/apoptotic effects of different pollutants in fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein AnvariFar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 578, Sari, Iran; University of Applied Science and Technology, Provincial Unit, P.O. Box: 4916694338, Golestan, Iran
| | - A K Amirkolaie
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 578, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali M Jalali
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 49138-15739, Iran; Sturgeon Affairs Management, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran; Center for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, VIC, 3280, Australia
| | - H K Miandare
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 49138-15739, Iran
| | - Alaa H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sema İşisağ Üçüncü
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hossein Ouraji
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 578, Sari, Iran
| | - Marcello Ceci
- Department Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Tuscia University, Viterbo, 01100, Italy
| | - Nicla Romano
- Department Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Tuscia University, Viterbo, 01100, Italy.
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18
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Drzeżdżon J, Jacewicz D, Chmurzyński L. The impact of environmental contamination on the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species - Consequences for plants and humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 119:133-151. [PMID: 29957355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, nanomaterials, and pesticides, induce the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Plants interact closely with the atmosphere, water, and soil, and consequently RONS intensely affect their biochemistry. For the past 30 years researchers have thoroughly examined the role of RONS in plant organisms and oxidative modifications to cellular components. Hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, nitrogen(II) oxide, and hydroxyl radicals have been found to take part in many metabolic pathways. In this review the various aspects of the oxidative stress induced by environmental contamination are described based on an analysis of literature. The review reinforces the contention that RONS play a dual role, that is, both a deleterious and a beneficial one, in plants. Environmental contamination affects human health, also, and so we have additionally described the impact of RONS on the coupled human - environment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Drzeżdżon
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Lech Chmurzyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Pannetier P, Fuster L, Clérandeau C, Lacroix C, Gourves PY, Cachot J, Morin B. Usefulness of RTL-W1 and OLCAB-e3 fish cell lines and multiple endpoint measurements for toxicity evaluation of unknown or complex mixture of chemicals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 150:40-48. [PMID: 29268113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fish are currently used for the assessment of chemical toxicity. The REACh regulation and the European directive on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes both recommend the use of methods other than animal testing. In view of this, fish cell lines are increasingly used to provide fast and reliable toxic and ecotoxic data on new chemicals. The sensitivity of the Rainbow trout liver cell line RTL-W1 and Japanese medaka embryos cell line OLCAB-e3 were used with different toxicity endpoints, namely cytotoxicity, EROD activity, ROS production and DNA damage for various classes of pollutants displaying different modes of action but also with complex environmental mixtures. Toxicity tests were coupled with chemical analysis to quantify the chemical concentrations in cell cultures. Differences in sensitivity were found between fish cell lines. MTT reduction assay revealed that OLCAB-e3 cells were more sensitive than RTL-W1 cells. On the contrary, RTL-W1 gave higher response levels for the Fpg-modified comet assay and ROS assay. The OLCAB-e3 cell line did not express EROD activity unlike RTL-W1. This study highlights the capacity of the two different fish cell lines to measure the toxicity of individual toxicants but also environmental mixtures. Then, results obtained here illustrate the interest of using different cell lines and toxicity endpoints to assess the toxicity of complex or unknown mixture of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Fuster
- Univ, Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33400 Talence, France
| | | | - Camille Lacroix
- Cedre, Centre de Documentation, de Recherche et d'Expérimentations sur les Pollutions Accidentelles des Eaux, Brest Cedex 2, France
| | | | - Jérôme Cachot
- Univ, Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33400 Talence, France
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20
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Siraj M, Khisroon M, Khan A, Zaidi F, Ullah A, Rahman G. Bio-monitoring of Tissue Accumulation and Genotoxic Effect of Heavy Metals in Cyprinus carpio from River Kabul Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:344-349. [PMID: 29327209 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The study explored (I) the concentration of heavy metals in water samples (II) their bioaccumulation in common carp Cyprinus carpio (III) and the subsequent genotoxicity in the selected organs of carp; from river Kabul, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Except for Mercury (Hg) the water samples had all the heavy metals within permissible limits of recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Nonetheless a number of heavy metals (Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb and Hg) showed bioaccumulation at levels higher than permissible. Zinc (Zn) was the most while Cadmium (Cd) was the least accumulated metal in all tissue samples analyzed. The metal burden in different organs of C. carpio was in sequence of intestine > skin > liver > gills > muscle. The Comet assay established DNA damage in selected organs to be in accordance with metal burden; the most to least damage being in sequence of blood > intestine > skin > liver > gills > muscle. In conclusion assessment of DNA damage in the organs of C. carpio appears to be a useful bio-marker to evaluate genotoxic effects of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Siraj
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khisroon
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Farrah Zaidi
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ullah
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ghani Rahman
- Department of Geography, University of Gujrat, Gujrat City, Pakistan
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21
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Shirmohammadi M, Salamat N, Ronagh MT, Movahedinia A, Hamidian G. Using cell apoptosis, micronuclei and immune alternations as biomarkers of phenanthrene exposure in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:37-47. [PMID: 29079206 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the apoptosis and tissue changes in the spleen, as well as humoral immune-related parameters, micronuclei (MN) induction in blood cells and Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were investigated in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) after short-term exposure to phenanthrene (Phe). The fish were intraperitoneally injected with different concentrations (2, 20 and 40 mg kg-1) of Phe and tissue and blood samples were collected 1, 4, 7 and 14 days after injection. The concentrations of Phe in the fish liver increased 4 days after the experiment. EROD activity showed a pattern consistent with Phe concentration in the liver. Apoptotic index in the spleen increased dose dependently in Phe-exposed fish. Exposure to Phe caused significant decrease in the plasma level of immunoglobulin M, phagocytic and respiratory burst activity after 4 days of exposure. The frequency of MN in the erythrocytes of the treated fish was significantly higher than control. The main pathological alterations in the spleen included the increase in melanomacrophage centers (MMCs), destroyed red blood cell and hemorrhage. The degree of tissue changes in the spleen of the exposed fish ranged from slight to moderate damage. The size and number of MMCs in the spleen were significantly higher in Phe-treated fish compared to the control. Our results showed that Phe could suppress immune responses in fish, induce cell apoptosis, histological changes in the spleen and MN formation. This may suggest those parameters consider as useful biomarkers for monitoring of the health status of fish during exposure to Phe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Shirmohammadi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran
| | - Negin Salamat
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Ronagh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr City, Khuzestan Province, Iran; Department of Marine Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Rajeshkumar S, Liu Y, Ma J, Duan HY, Li X. Effects of exposure to multiple heavy metals on biochemical and histopathological alterations in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:461-472. [PMID: 28826748 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are frequently encountered as mixtures of essential and non-essential elements. Therefore, evaluation of their toxic effects individually does not offer a realistic estimate of their impact on biological processes. We studied effects of exposure to mixtures of essential and toxic metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) on biochemical, immunotoxicity level and morphological characteristics of the various tissues of a biomarker freshwater fish common carp using environmentally relevant concentrations. Fish were exposed to metal mixture through tank water for 7, 15 and 30 days, under controlled laboratory conditions. Tissue accumulation of the metals was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric techniques. Chromium, cadmium and lead accumulation in muscle, gills, liver, kidney and intestine, tissue of common carp exposed to mixture metals for 30 days increased significant compared with control group (p < 0.001). However, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels was significant altered in various tissues of exposed fish. Besides, the lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significant (p < 0.001) increased. Moreover, the tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) contents in tissues of muscle, gills, liver, kidney and intestine were increased significant compared with control fish (p < 0.001). In addition, microscopic examination of the main alterations in general morphology of fish gills included spiking and fusion of secondary lamellae, formation of club-shaped filaments epithelium in the interlamellar regions and hepatocytes showed damage of central vein and rupture of irregular hepatic plate with more number of vacuoles in the fish exposed to metal mixture for a longer duration (30 days). These results of this study clearly demonstrate that concentration individual and mixtures of metals in aquatic systems will greatly influence the cytokine alterations may result in an immune suppression or excessive activation in the treated common carp as well as may cause immune dysfunction or reduced immunity. In conclusion, toxicity of multiple metal mixtures of Cr, Cd and Pb has antioxidant and immunotoxic effects on C. carpio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hong Ying Duan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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Benaissa M, Rouane-Hacene O, Boutiba Z, Guibbolini-Sabatier ME, Faverney CRD. Ecotoxicological impact assessment of the brine discharges from a desalination plant in the marine waters of the Algerian west coast, using a multibiomarker approach in a limpet, Patella rustica. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24521-24532. [PMID: 28900807 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of Bousfer desalination plant brine discharges on the Algerian west coast, on a natural population of the marine gastropod mollusc Patella rustica. The effects of a chronic exposure to such discharges are complex to understand due to the combined effects of environmental physico-chemical parameters (e.g., high salinity) and different pollutants that can modulate the physiological responses of this species to stress. In this context, we assessed the biological effects in a marine species P. rustica, by a multibiomarker approach that provided information on the health status of organisms in response to such an environmental stress. We measured biomarkers in the whole soft tissues of limpets as indicators of neurotoxicity (AChE activity), oxidative stress (CAT, SOD, GR, and GPx activities), biotransformation (GST), oxidative damage (LPO through TBARS levels), and genotoxicity (CSP 3-like activity). In parallel, hydrological parameters were measured in the Bay of Oran, at four selected sites: site H considered as a "hotspot," located at Bousfer desalination plant; two other sites E and W, at the east and the west of H respectively; finally, site R "reference" located in Madragh, which is considered as a remote clean site. Our analyses revealed that the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes reached the highest levels in P. rustica collected from site H. The activation of antioxidant defense system in these organisms translated the alteration of their status health, reflecting a level of environmental disruption generated by the desalination plant brine discharges and the high salinity in this area. We also observed that the tissues of limpets collected from site H as well as the two other sites, E and W, had undergone molecular damage, confirmed by the high levels of CSP 3-like activity. This damage resulted from chronic exposure to environmental conditions, potentially genotoxic, due to the desalination plant discharges. The present results indicate the adverse impact of brine effluents from desalination plants on marine fauna and suggest the need for a more consistent approach to environmental management of brine discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Benaissa
- University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Department of Biology, Laboratoire Réseau de Surveillance Environnementale (LRSE), BP 1524 El M'naouer, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Omar Rouane-Hacene
- University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Department of Biology, Laboratoire Réseau de Surveillance Environnementale (LRSE), BP 1524 El M'naouer, 31000, Oran, Algeria.
| | - Zitouni Boutiba
- University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Department of Biology, Laboratoire Réseau de Surveillance Environnementale (LRSE), BP 1524 El M'naouer, 31000, Oran, Algeria
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Park SY, Choi J. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of P38 MAPK Gene and Protein in Aquatic Midge, Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae), Exposed to Environmental Contaminants. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 72:428-438. [PMID: 28144697 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
P38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), an important signaling protein involved in various cellular processes, including stress responses, has been well characterized in model organisms. P38 has been identified in a number of insects, including the genus Drosophila; however, its homologue in Chironomus riparius has not yet been identified. In this study, we identified and characterized p38 MAPK (Crp38) gene in C. riparius using a transcriptome database that was previously generated 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses were performed using the p38 homologue of other species, such as Drosophila melanogaster, Aedes aegypti, Bombyx mori, Caenorhabditis elegans, Homo sapiens, etc. Furthermore, to test its potential as a biomarker of environmental contamination, Crp38 gene expression was analyzed upon exposure to nonylphenol (NP), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and cadmium (Cd). Crp38 gene expression was up- or down-regulated depending on the concentration and exposure duration of chemicals. These results show the role of Crp38 gene in defense against environmental stresses, as well as its potential use as a biomarker for various environmental pollutants. We further synthesized p38 antibody based on the predicted amino acid sequence deduced from Crp38 cDNA and, using this customized antibody, examined p38 protein expression in Cd exposed C. riparius. Although transcriptional alteration was not translated to the protein level, this result showed the possible application of a protein level functional study using cDNA sequence information from next-generation sequencing database in nonmodel organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
- Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Barjhoux I, Gonzalez P, Baudrimont M, Cachot J. Molecular and phenotypic responses of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) early life stages to environmental concentrations of cadmium in sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17969-17981. [PMID: 27255318 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Japanese medaka embryos were exposed to environmental concentrations of cadmium (Cd) to investigate adverse and adaptive responses in fish early life stages. Embryos were exposed during their whole development by static sediment-contact to environmental Cd concentrations (2 and 20 μg/g dry weight). Cd bioaccumulation, developmental defects, biochemical and biomolecular (qRT-PCR) responses were analyzed in embryos and hatchlings. A dose-dependent increase of Cd bioaccumulation and developmental defects was observed at hatching. Cd had clear impacts on heartbeat and cardiac morphogenesis and also induced to spinal deformities. The profile and the level of gene transcription were differentially modulated according to the Cd concentration, the duration of exposure and/or the developmental stage of fish. Pro-apoptotic bax and DNA repair rad51 transcripts were significantly repressed in embryos exposed to the highest Cd concentration. Repression of these genes was correlated to the increase of heart rate in 6-day-old embryos. NADH-dehydrogenase nd5 gene transcription was inhibited in larvae at the lowest concentration suggesting mitochondrial respiratory chain impairment, in association with Cd-induced teratogenicity. Finally, wnt1 gene was overexpressed indicating putative deregulation of Wnt signaling pathway, and suggested to be implied in the occurrence of some spinal and cardiac deformities. Results of this study permitted to propose some promising markers at the transcriptional and phenotypical level, responding to environmental concentrations of Cd. The present work also highlights the usefulness of the modified version of the medaka embryo-larval assay with sediment-contact exposure (MELAc) to investigate the toxicity and the modes of action of sediment-bound pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Barjhoux
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
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26
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Trabelsi F, Khlifi R, Goux D, Guillamin M, Hamza-Chaffai A, Sichel F. Genotoxic effects of cadmium in human head and neck cell line SQ20B. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:16127-16136. [PMID: 27151237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As cadmium may be involved in the etiology of head and neck cancers, we investigated in the present work, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Cd on human larynx cells. SQ20B cells were exposed to 25 and 50 μM Cd for 48 and 72 h. Results showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, especially after 48 h, associated with mitochondria alterations as showed by transmission electronic microscopy. Surprisingly, the flow cytometry shows that the cells treated with Cd have a normal proliferative cycle like the untreated cell especially in G1 or G2 phase of cell cycle. DNA damages were investigated by comet assay and immunofluorescence for gamma layer of the H2AX (g-H2AX) foci formation. Results show a strong induction of DNA double-strand breaks after Cd exposure. Overall, our results demonstrate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Cd in human larynx cells and support the view that Cd could be an etiologic factor of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Trabelsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rim Khlifi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Didier Goux
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UNICAEN, CMAbio, SFR ICORE, 14032, Caen, France
| | - Marilyne Guillamin
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UMR-S 1075 Inserm/Unicaen - COMETE, 14032, Caen, France
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, BP 1172, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - François Sichel
- Normandie Université, Caen, France
- UNICAEN, ABTE E4651, 14032, Caen, France
- Centre François Baclesse, avenue Général Harris, BP5026, 14076, Caen CEDEX-05, France
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27
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Xia X, Xia X, Huo W, Dong H, Zhang L, Chang Z. Toxic effects of imidacloprid on adult loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:132-139. [PMID: 27299658 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to assess the effects of imidacloprid on the survival, genetic materials, hepatic transaminase activity and histopathology of loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). The values of LC50 (24, 48, 72 and 96h) of imidacloprid were 167.7, 158.6, 147.9 and 145.8mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 42.55mg/L. The erythrocyte micronuclei assays and the comet assay results showed that imidacloprid had genetic toxic effect on the loach erythrocytes. To assess the physiological and biochemical damage caused by imidacloprid, the activities of hepatic glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) were measured and their values declined in treatment groups. Histological examination of testis revealed that imidacloprid treatment resulted in disorganized lobules and cysts structures. In the present work, we also investigated the joint toxicity of pesticides commonly used in paddy fields (imidacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin) on M. anguillicaudatus, and confirmed that a synergistic effect existing in the binary mixtures. The results of our study provide relevant and comparable toxicity information that are useful for safety application of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopei Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiran Huo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dong
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Chang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Jin Y, Zhang S, Tao R, Huang J, He X, Qu L, Fu Z. Oral exposure of mice to cadmium (II), chromium (VI) and their mixture induce oxidative- and endoplasmic reticulum-stress mediated apoptosis in the livers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:693-705. [PMID: 25409916 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Health concerns regarding the environmental heavy metals in wildlife and humans have increased in recent years. We evaluated the effects of exposure of mice to low doses of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and their mixtures on oxidative- and ER-stress. Male adult mice were orally exposed to Cd (0.5 and 2 mg kg(-1) ), Cr (1 and 4 mg kg(-1) ) and binary Cd+Cr mixtures (0.25 + 05 and 1 + 2 mg kg(-1) ) daily for 36 days. We observed that the bioaccumulation of Cd and Cr in the liver in a dose-dependent manner, and the Cd and Cr contents in the 2 mg kg(-1) Cd and 4 mg kg(-1) Cr treated groups reached 2.43 and 3.46 µg g(-1) liver weight. In addition, treatments with 2 mg kg(-1) Cd, 4 mg kg(-1) Cr or their mixture (1 + 2 mg kg(-1) ) significantly decreased body and liver weights, increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the liver. Moreover, Cd and Cr exposures also elevated the transcription of the oxidative- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress related genes including Cat, Gpx, heme oxygenase 1 (Ho-1), regulated protein 78 (Grp78), activating transcription factor 6 (Atf6) and proaoptotic CCAAT/-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (Chop) in a dose dependent manner in the liver. And hepatic cytochrome c levels increased in all Cd, Cr or their mixture treated groups. Furthermore, the transcriptional status and the activities of Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 were increased significantly in the liver when exposed to high doses of Cd, Cr or their mixture. These results suggested that a long period exposure of mice to Cd or Cr has the potential to elicit oxidative- and ER-stress mediated apoptosis in their livers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 693-705, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiang Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Songbin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Runhua Tao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Xingzhi He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Lanya Qu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
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29
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Fish pre-acclimation temperature only modestly affects cadmium toxicity in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes. J Therm Biol 2016; 57:21-34. [PMID: 27033036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An emerging focus in environmental toxicology is how climate change will alter bioavailability and uptake of contaminants in organisms. Ectothermic animals unable to adjust their temperature by local migration, such as farmed fish kept in net pens, may become more vulnerable to contaminants in warmer seas. The aim of this work was to study cadmium (Cd) toxicity in cells obtained from fish acclimated to sub-optimal growth temperature. Atlantic salmon hepatocytes, harvested from fish pre-acclimated either at 15°C (optimal growth temperature) or 20°C (heat-stressed), were exposed in vitro to two concentrations of Cd (control, 1 and 100µM Cd) for 48h. Cd-induced cytotoxicity, determined with the xCELLigence system, was more pronounced in cells from fish pre-acclimated to a high temperature than in cells from fish grown at optimal temperature. A feed spiked with antioxidants could not ameliorate the Cd-induced cytotoxicity in cells from temperature-stressed fish. At the transcriptional level, Cd exposure affected 11 out of 20 examined genes, of which most are linked to oxidative stress. The transcriptional levels of a majority of the altered genes were changed in cells harvested from fish grown at sub-optimal temperature. Interaction effects between Cd exposure and fish pre-acclimation temperature were seen for four transcripts, hmox1, mapk1, fth1 and mmp13. Overall, this study shows that cells from temperature-stressed fish are modestly more vulnerable to Cd stress, and indicate that mechanisms linked to oxidative stress may be differentially affected in temperature-stressed cells.
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30
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Hu JR, Huang YH, Wang GX, Wu YX, Xian JA, Wang AL, Cao JM. Deficient and excess dietary selenium levels affect growth performance, blood cells apoptosis and liver HSP70 expression in juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:249-261. [PMID: 26394863 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of deficient and excess dietary selenium (Se) on growth, blood cells apoptosis and liver heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression in juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). After 8 weeks, yellow catfish (initial weight: 2.12 ± 0.01 g) fed isonitrogenous and isolipid diets containing <0.05 (deficient dietary Se) or 6.5 (excess dietary Se) mg Se/kg displayed a significantly lower weight gain ratio (WGR) than those fed a diet containing 0.23 (normal dietary Se) mg Se/kg. As dietary Se levels increased, liver Se concentration, glutathione peroxidase activity and the hepatosomatic index increased significantly. Plasma glucose concentration was highest in the normal treatment compared with the excess dietary Se treatment. Both deficient and excess dietary Se lead to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis ratio in blood cells, whereas only excess dietary Se increased their cytoplasmic free-Ca(2+) (CF-Ca(2+)) concentration. Excess dietary Se also resulted in the highest level of HSP70 expression, thereby possibly providing a protective mechanism against oxidative stress. These results indicate that both deficient and excess dietary Se restrained the growth of juvenile yellow catfish and caused oxidative stress. The overproduction of ROS may act as a signal molecule mediate apoptosis when dietary Se deficiency. Both ROS and CF-Ca(2+) were recorded when dietary Se excess, suggesting that Ca(2+) may be activated by Se and play a major role during Se-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ru Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan-Hua Huang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guo-Xia Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ying-Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jian-An Xian
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - An-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Jun-Ming Cao
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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31
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Chen S, McKinney GJ, Nichols KM, Colbourne JK, Sepúlveda MS. Novel Cadmium Responsive MicroRNAs in Daphnia pulex. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:14605-13. [PMID: 26550707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia pulex is a widely used toxicological model and is known for its sensitivity to cadmium (Cd). Recent research suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in animal responses to heavy metals. To investigate the functions of D. pulex miRNAs under Cd exposure, we analyzed the miRNA profiles of D. pulex after 48 h using miRNA microarrays and validated our findings by q-PCR. miRNA dpu-let-7 was identified as a stably expressed gene and used as a reference. We identified 22 and 21 differentially expressed miRNAs under low (20 μg/L CdCl2) and high-exposure (40 μg/L CdCl2) concentrations compared to controls, respectively. Cellular functions of predicted miRNA target Cd-responsive genes included oxidative stress, ion transport, mitochondrial damage, and DNA repair. An insulin-related network was also identified in relation to several Cd-responsive miRNAs. The expression of three predicted target genes for miR-71 and miR-210 were evaluated, and expression of two of them (SCN2A and SLC31A1) was negatively correlated with the expression of their regulator miRNAs. We show miR-210 is hypoxia-responsive in D. pulex and propose Cd and hypoxia induce miR-210 via a same HIF1α modulated pathway. Collectively, this research advances our understanding on the role of miRNAs in response to heavy-metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 United States
| | - Garrett J McKinney
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, 98195 United States
| | - Krista M Nichols
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 United States
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration , Seattle, Washington, 98112 United States
| | - John K Colbourne
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 United States
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32
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Morcillo P, Cordero H, Meseguer J, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. In vitro immunotoxicological effects of heavy metals on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) head-kidney leucocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:245-254. [PMID: 26363228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge about the direct effects of heavy metals on fish leucocytes is still limited. We investigate the in vitro effects of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb or As) on oxidative stress, viability and innate immune parameters of head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs) from European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Production of free oxygen radicals was induced by Cd, Hg and As, mainly after 30 min of exposure. Cd and Hg promoted both apoptosis and necrosis cell death while Pb and As did only apoptosis, in all cases in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, expression of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis was significantly induced by Hg and Pb but down-regulated by As. In addition, the expression of the metallothionein A gene was up-regulated by Cd and Pb exposure though this transcript, as well as the heat shock protein 70, was down-regulated by Hg. Cd, methylmercury (MeHg) and As reduced the phagocytic ability, whereas Hg and Pb increased it. Interestingly, all the heavy metals decreased the phagocytic capacity (the number of ingested particles per cell). Leucocyte respiratory burst changed depending on the metal exposure, usually in a time- and dose-manner. Interestingly, the expression of immune-related genes was slightly affected by Cd, MeHg, As or Pb being Hg the form producing the greatest alterations, which included down-regulation of immunoglobulin M and hepcidin, as well as the up-regulation of interleukin-1 beta mRNA levels. This study provides an in vitro approach for elucidating the heavy metals toxicity, and particularly the immunotoxicity, in fish leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Héctor Cordero
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Meseguer
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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33
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Si YX, Lee J, Zhao F, Yin SJ, Park YD, Qian GY, Jiang XM. Effects of cadmium on the cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis’ arginine kinase: unfolding kinetics integrated with computational simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:1763-77. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xiu Si
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Korean Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Sciences and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Ying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Min Jiang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
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34
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Kim JH, Kang JC. Oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and non-specific immune responses in juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major, exposed to different waterborne selenium concentrations. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 135:46-52. [PMID: 25898389 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile Pagrus major (mean length 15.8±1.6 cm, and mean weight 90.4±4.7 g) were exposed for 4 weeks with waterborne selenium concentration (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg L(-1)). In oxidative stress indicators, liver and gill superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were markedly elevated after 4 weeks exposure. Similarly, glutathione (GSH) level in liver and gill was also increased in response to the highest Se exposure after 4 weeks exposure. In neurotoxicity, AChE activity was inhibited in brain and muscle tissues by waterborne Se exposure. In the non-specific immune responses, lysozyme activity of plasma and kidney was significantly increased by waterborne Se exposure. Peroxidase activity and anti-protease activity were decreased at high Se concentration. The results suggest that waterborne Se exposure can induce significant oxidative stress, inhibition of AChE activity, and immunological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Jindal R, Verma S. In vivo genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assessment of cadmium chloride in peripheral erythrocytes of Labeo rohita (Hamilton). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 118:1-10. [PMID: 25890049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity has been assessed in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of freshwater fish Labeo rohita exposed to 0.37 and 0.62mg/L of CdCl2 in water for 100 days. The blood samples of the fish were collected at different intervals (days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100) of exposure period to analyze DNA damage using comet assay and the occurrence of micronuclei and other cellular anomalies. The results of comet assay showed a significant increase in the mean percentage of tail DNA at both the concentrations. Exposure to CdCl2 also induced micronuclei in addition to many nuclear abnormalities such as nuclear bud, binucleates, lobed, notched and vacuolated nuclei. Cytoplasmic abnormalities like echinocytes, acanthocytes, notched, microcytes and cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were also observed. The metal exposed groups showed significant variation in the frequency of cellular abnormalities as well as the extent of DNA damage in comparison to controls. These frequencies increased significantly (p<0.05) in concentration dependent manner, peaking on 10th day while a decreasing trend was observed after 15 days of the exposure period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Sakshi Verma
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Jin Y, Liu Z, Liu F, Ye Y, Peng T, Fu Z. Embryonic exposure to cadmium (II) and chromium (VI) induce behavioral alterations, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015; 48:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Miest JJ, Hoole D. Time and concentration dependency of MacroGard® induced apoptosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 42:363-366. [PMID: 25463286 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies an effect of β-glucan on apoptosis in fish was noted and in this investigation we determine the time and concentration dependency of this effect. Primary cell cultures of pronephric carp cells were incubated for 6, 24, 48 h with various concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 μg/ml of MacroGard(®) β-glucan. Apoptosis was monitored via acridine orange staining. Results indicate a clear effect of time and concentration on the induction of apoptosis in vitro, with only concentration ≥500 μg/ml causing significantly higher percentages of apoptotic cells. Apoptosis was detected after 6 h. This concentration dependent effect has to be considered when studying apoptosis in relation to immunostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Miest
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - D Hoole
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK.
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Sarkar A, Bhagat J, Ingole BS, Rao DP, Markad VL. Genotoxicity of cadmium chloride in the marine gastropod Nerita chamaeleon using comet assay and alkaline unwinding assay. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:177-187. [PMID: 23804459 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation of the genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) on marine gastropod, Nerita chamaeleon following the technique of comet assay and the DNA alkaline unwinding assay (DAUA). In this study, the extent of DNA damage in gill cells of N. chamaeleon was measured after in vivo exposure to four different concentrations (10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/L) of CdCl2 . In vitro exposure of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ; 1, 10, 25, and 50 µM) of the gill cells showed a significant increase in the percentage tail DNA, Olive tail moment, and tail length (TL). Significant changes in percentage tail DNA by CdCl2 exposure were observed in all exposed groups of snails with respect to those in control. Exposure to 75 µg/L of CdCl2 produced significant decrease in DNA integrity as measured by DAUA at all duration with respect to control. In vivo exposure to different concentrations of CdCl2 (10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/L) to N. chamaeleon showed considerable increase in DNA damage as observed by both alkaline comet assay and the DAUA. The extent of DNA damage in marine gastropods determined by the application of alkaline comet assay and DAUA clearly indicated the genotoxic responses of marine gastropod, N. chamaeleon to a wide range of cadmium concentration in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sarkar
- Chemical Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
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Liu L, Tao R, Huang J, He X, Qu L, Jin Y, Zhang S, Fu Z. Hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses with cadmium exposure in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:229-236. [PMID: 25528414 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential heavy metal, is one of the major environmental contaminants with grave toxicological consequences globally. In the present study, the effects of Cd on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in mice were evaluated. Male adult mice were orally exposed to 3, 10 and 30mg/L CdCl2 supplied in the drinking water for 7 and 21 days. Histopathological changes and the alterations of the main parameters related to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the liver were observed. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased significantly after treatment with 30mg/L CdCl2 for 21 days, and the contents of glutathione (GSH) increased significantly in both 10 and 30mg/L CdCl2 treated groups. The hepatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) increased significantly after the treatment with 30mg/L CdCl2 for 21 days. In accordance with the enzyme activities, the transcription status of hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2), Cat, Gpx, Gstα1, glutathione synthetase (Gss), glutathione reductase (Gr) and heme oxygenase 1 (Ho1) were also increased by high dose (30mg/L) or long period (21 days) exposure. In addition, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 1β (IL1β) increased significantly in the groups treated with 30mg/L CdCl2 for 21 days. And the genes of TNFα, IL6, interleukin 1α (IL1α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interferon γ (IFNγ) were also increased in the liver of mice when exposed to relative high dose of CdCl2 for 7 or 21 days. Taken together, the results of this study suggested that the exposure to Cd had the potential to induce immunotoxicity accompanied with oxidative stress in the liver of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Runhua Tao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jie Huang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xingzhi He
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lanya Qu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Songbin Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Oliveira H, Monteiro C, Pinho F, Pinho S, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Santos C. Cadmium-induced genotoxicity in human osteoblast-like cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 775-776:38-47. [PMID: 25435354 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal used in numerous industrial processes. Cd exerts toxicological effects mostly in kidney and liver. Bone is also an important target of Cd, however, the cellular mechanisms of Cd toxicological effects in the bone cells are still poorly understood. Therefore, the present work aimed to investigate the putative cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Cd to human bone cells. For that, the osteoblast-like MG-63 cells were exposed to 20 and 50μM Cd for 24 and 48h. Results showed a dose-dependent increase in Cd accumulation in cells and a decrease in cell viability, especially after 48h. Cell cycle analysis showed a delay at S phase concomitant with a decrease in cells at G0/G1 phase. After 24h, Cd treatment downregulated the expression of CHEK1, CHEK2 and CDK2 genes and upregulated the expression of CCNE1 gene. After 48h, the expression of ATM and CCNB1 genes were downregulated. Also, a 3.3 fold increase on the expression of gene CCNE1 was detected. Both Cd doses induced DNA fragmentation at 48h, while an increase in micronuclei (MN) and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) together with an increase in the percentage of apoptotic/necrotic cells was detected for both time periods. Overall, our results demonstrate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Cd in human bone cells. Also, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay parameters (MN, NPBs and the percentage of cells under apoptosis or necrosis) together with the cell cycle appear as the most sensitive to Cd cyto- and genotoxicity, being early affected even with the lowest Cd dose. Therefore, these cyto-/genotoxic techniques may be selected for early detection of Cd-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliveira
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Monteiro
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francisco Pinho
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pinho
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- CESAM & Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Higher sensitivity to cadmium induced cell death of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons: a cholinesterase dependent mechanism. Toxicology 2014; 325:151-9. [PMID: 25201352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental pollutant, which is a cause of concern because it can be greatly concentrated in the organism causing severe damage to a variety of organs including the nervous system which is one of the most affected. Cadmium has been reported to produce learning and memory dysfunctions and Alzheimer like symptoms, though the mechanism is unknown. On the other hand, cholinergic system in central nervous system (CNS) is implicated on learning and memory regulation, and it has been reported that cadmium can affect cholinergic transmission and it can also induce selective toxicity on cholinergic system at peripheral level, producing cholinergic neurons loss, which may explain cadmium effects on learning and memory processes if produced on central level. The present study is aimed at researching the selective neurotoxicity induced by cadmium on cholinergic system in CNS. For this purpose we evaluated, in basal forebrain region, the cadmium toxic effects on neuronal viability and the cholinergic mechanisms related to it on NS56 cholinergic mourine septal cell line. This study proves that cadmium induces a more pronounced, but not selective, cell death on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on cholinergic neurons. Moreover, MTT and LDH assays showed a dose dependent decrease of cell viability in NS56 cells. The ACh treatment of SN56 cells did not revert cell viability reduction induced by cadmium, but siRNA transfection against AChE partially reduced it. Our present results provide new understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the harmful effects of cadmium on the function and viability of neurons, and the possible relevance of cadmium in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Bado-Nilles A, Techer R, Porcher JM, Geffard A, Gagnaire B, Betoulle S, Sanchez W. Detection of immunotoxic effects of estrogenic and androgenic endocrine disrupting compounds using splenic immune cells of the female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:672-683. [PMID: 25238107 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Today, the list of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in freshwater and marine environments that mimic or block endogenous hormones is expanding at an alarming rate. As immune and reproductive systems may interact in a bidirectional way, some authors proposed the immune capacities as attractive markers to evaluate the hormonal potential of environmental samples. Thus, the present work proposed to gain more knowledge on direct biological effects of natural and EDCs on female fish splenic leucocyte non-specific immune activities by using ex vivo assays. After determining the optimal required conditions to analyze splenic immune responses, seven different EDCs were tested ex vivo at 0.01, 1 and 100nM over 12h on the leucocyte functions of female three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In summary, we found that natural hormones acted as immunostimulants, whilst EDCs were immunosuppressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bado-Nilles
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - R Techer
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - J M Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - A Geffard
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
| | - B Gagnaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie des Radionucléides, Centre de Cadarache, Bât 186, B.P. 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - S Betoulle
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
| | - W Sanchez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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de Campos Júnior EO, Pereira BB, Morelli S, Pavanin EV, Pavanin LA. Biological monitoring and B chromosome frequency in Bagre (Rhamdia quelen) in southeast Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:510-517. [PMID: 25168153 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The genus Rhamdia presents B chromosomes which appear to be present in most species of the genus and thus represent an important characteristic in the evolutionary process. Furthermore, variations in environmental conditions can induce the presence of B chromosomes generated by alterations in the cell cycle, due to the interference from pollutants. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytogenetic aspects of individuals of a population of Rhamdia quelen collected in three areas with differing standards of water quality in the River Uberabinha, a region of the County of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Piscine Micronucleus Test results indicate significant genotoxic and cytotoxic potential at the sampling Sites. The chromosome count yielded the modal number 2n=58 with variance between zero and seven B chromosomes. The highest frequency of B chromosomes and the presence of karyotypes with seven supernumerary chromosomes occurred at Site 3, referring, thus, to the location of the highest genotoxic potential. There was a positive correlation between the presence of B chromosomes and the reduction in environmental quality. Therefore, the process of bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic environments may be crucial to determine the presence of B chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edimar Olegário de Campos Júnior
- Federal University of Uberlândia-UFU, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Umuarama Campus, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Federal University of Uberlândia-UFU, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Umuarama Campus, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Campus Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Erich Vectore Pavanin
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Geography, Department of Geography, Campus Santa Mônica, CEP 38405-000 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alfredo Pavanin
- Federal University of São Paulo-USP, Institute of Chemistry Department of Chemistry, Campus Santa Mônica, CEP 38405-000 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Pinto M, Costa PM, Louro H, Costa MH, Lavinha J, Caeiro S, Silva MJ. Determining oxidative and non-oxidative genotoxic effects driven by estuarine sediment contaminants on a human hepatoma cell line. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 478:25-35. [PMID: 24530582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine sediments may be reservoirs of hydrophilic and hydrophobic pollutants, many of which are acknowledged genotoxicants, pro-mutagens and even potential carcinogens for humans. Still, studies aiming at narrowing the gap between ecological and human health risk of sediment-bound contaminant mixtures are scarce. Taking an impacted estuary as a case study (the Sado, SW Portugal), HepG2 (human hepatoma) cells were exposed in vitro for 48 h to extracts of sediments collected from two areas (urban/industrial and Triverine/agricultural), both contaminated by distinct mixtures of organic and inorganic toxicants, among which are found priority mutagens such as benzo[a]pyrene. Comparatively to a control test, extracts of sediments from both impacted areas produced deleterious effects in a dose-response manner. However, sediment extracts from the industrial area caused lower replication index plus higher cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (concerning total DNA strand breakage and clastogenesis), with emphasis on micronucleus induction. On the other hand, extracts from the rural area induced the highest oxidative damage to DNA, as revealed by the FPG (formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase) enzyme in the Comet assay. Although the estuary, on its whole, has been classified as moderately contaminated, the results suggest that the sediments from the industrial area are significantly genotoxic and, furthermore, elicit permanent chromosome damage, thus potentially being more mutagenic than those from the rural area. The results are consistent with contamination by pro-mutagens like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), potentiated by metals. The sediments from the agriculture-influenced area likely owe their genotoxic effects to metals and other toxicants, probably pesticides and fertilizers, and able to induce reactive oxygen species without the formation of DNA strand breakage. The findings suggest that the mixtures of contaminants present in the assayed sediments are genotoxic to HepG2 cells, ultimately providing a useful approach to hazard identification and an effective line-of-evidence in the environmental monitoring of anthropogenically-impacted coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pinto
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P M Costa
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; IMAR - Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - H Louro
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M H Costa
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J Lavinha
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Caeiro
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 141, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal; CENSE - Centre for Environmental and Sustainability Research, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - M J Silva
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Shimizu M, Yoshitomi T, Nagasaki Y. The behavior of ROS-scavenging nanoparticles in blood. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 54:166-73. [PMID: 24895479 PMCID: PMC4042146 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.13-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report an interaction between blood and redox nanoparticles, prepared by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers possessing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyls as a side chain of hydrophobic segment. When 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl was added to rat whole blood, its electron spin resonance signal disappeared rapidly. In contrast, the signal from redox nanoparticles remained for a long period of time, indicating that nitroxide radicals were protected in the blood by their compartmentalization in the core of nanoparticle. Although most 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyls were located in the nanoparticle core, reactive oxygen species-scavenging activity was found outside of blood cells. For example, redox nanoparticles suppressed superoxide anion-induced hemolysis effectively, while 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl did not. It was revealed that redox nanoparticles were not internalized into the healthy blood cells, which was in sharp contrast to 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl. Due to its internalization into healthy platelets, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl induced mitochondrial dysfunction, while redox nanoparticles did not. Redox nanoparticles suppressed platelet adhesion and extended blood coagulation time, in contrast to 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl. These results indicate that redox nanoparticles scavenge reactive oxygen species outside of cells, but do not interfere with normal redox reactions inside of the cell. Based on these results, we determine that an anti-oxidative strategy based on nanotechnology is a rational and safe therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Shimizu
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshitomi
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan ; Master's School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan ; Satellite Laboratory, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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Bado-Nilles A, Jolly S, Porcher JM, Palluel O, Geffard A, Gagnaire B, Betoulle S, Sanchez W. Applications in environmental risk assessment of leucocyte apoptosis, necrosis and respiratory burst analysis on the European bullhead, Cottus sp. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 184:9-17. [PMID: 24012786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of a biochemical multi-biomarker approach proved insufficient to obtain clear information about ecosystem health. The fish immune system is considered as an attractive non-specific marker for environmental biomonitoring which has direct implications in individual fitness and population growth. Thus, the present work proposes the use of fish immunomarkers together with more common biochemical biomarkers in sampling conditions optimized to reduce biomarker variability and increase parameter robustness. European bullheads (Cottus sp.) from 11 stations in the Artois-Picardie watershed (France) were sampled. In the multiple discriminant analysis, the sites were highly correlated with apoptosis, respiratory burst, GST and EROD activities. Moreover, the use together of biochemical and immune markers increased the percentage of fish correctly classed at each site and enhanced site separation. This study argues in favor of the utilization of apoptosis, necrosis and respiratory burst for the determination of environmental risk assessment in addition to the set of biochemical biomarkers commonly used in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bado-Nilles
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4689 Unité Interactions Animal-Environnement, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, B.P. 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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47
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Tang S, Cai Q, Chibli H, Allagadda V, Nadeau JL, Mayer GD. Cadmium sulfate and CdTe-quantum dots alter DNA repair in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:443-52. [PMID: 23770381 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Increasing use of quantum dots (QDs) makes it necessary to evaluate their toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms, since their contamination of surface water is inevitable. This study compares the genotoxic effects of ionic Cd versus CdTe nanocrystals in zebrafish hepatocytes. After 24h of CdSO4 or CdTe QD exposure, zebrafish liver (ZFL) cells showed a decreased number of viable cells, an accumulation of Cd, an increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and an induction of DNA strand breaks. Measured levels of stress defense and DNA repair genes were elevated in both cases. However, removal of bulky DNA adducts by nucleotide excision repair (NER) was inhibited with CdSO4 but not with CdTe QDs. The adverse effects caused by acute exposure of CdTe QDs might be mediated through differing mechanisms than those resulting from ionic cadmium toxicity, and studying the effects of metallic components may be not enough to explain QD toxicities in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tang
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
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48
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Mohd-Shamsudin MI, Kang Y, Lili Z, Tan TT, Kwong QB, Liu H, Zhang G, Othman RY, Bhassu S. In-depth tanscriptomic analysis on giant freshwater prawns. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60839. [PMID: 23734171 PMCID: PMC3667022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene discovery in the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) has been limited to small scale data collection, despite great interest in various research fields related to the commercial significance of this species. Next generation sequencing technologies that have been developed recently and enabled whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), have allowed generation of large scale functional genomics data sets in a shorter time than was previously possible. Using this technology, transcriptome sequencing of three tissue types: hepatopancreas, gill and muscle, has been undertaken to generate functional genomics data for M. rosenbergii at a massive scale. De novo assembly of 75-bp paired end Ilumina reads has generated 102,230 unigenes. Sequence homology search and in silico prediction have identified known and novel protein coding candidate genes (∼24%), non-coding RNA, and repetitive elements in the transcriptome. Potential markers consisting of simple sequence repeats associated with known protein coding genes have been successfully identified. Using KEGG pathway enrichment, differentially expressed genes in different tissues were systematically represented. The functions of gill and hepatopancreas in the context of neuroactive regulation, metabolism, reproduction, environmental stress and disease responses are described and support relevant experimental studies conducted previously in M. rosenbergii and other crustaceans. This large scale gene discovery represents the most extensive transcriptome data for freshwater prawn. Comparison with model organisms has paved the path to address the possible conserved biological entities shared between vertebrates and crustaceans. The functional genomics resources generated from this study provide the basis for constructing hypotheses for future molecular research in the freshwater shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maizatul Izzah Mohd-Shamsudin
- Genomics and Evolutionary Biology Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR) and Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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49
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Unsal C, Kanter M, Aktas C, Erboga M. Role of quercetin in cadmium-induced oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and apoptosis in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:1106-15. [PMID: 23645211 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713486960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of quercetin (QE) in protecting the cadmium (Cd)-induced neuronal injury in frontal cortex of rats. A total of 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: control, Cd treated and Cd treated with QE. The Cd-treated group was injected subcutaneously with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in saline at a dose of 2 ml/kg/day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg Cd. The rats in QE-treated groups were given QE (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day intraperitoneally starting 2 days prior to Cd injection, during the study period. Rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the frontal cortex tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological investigation. To date, there is no available information on the effect of QE on neuronal injury after Cd exposure. Rats intoxicated with Cd for 30 days, significantly increased tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significantly decreased enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the frontal cortex tissue. Administration of QE with Cd significantly diminished the levels of MDA and significantly elevated the levels of enzymatic antioxidants in the frontal cortex tissue. The histopathological studies in the brain of rats also supported that QE markedly reduced the Cd-induced histopathological changes and well preserved the normal histological architecture of the frontal cortex tissue. The caspase-3 immunopositivity was increased in degenerating neurons of the Cd group. Treatment with QE markedly reduced the immunoreactivity of degenerating neurons. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that QE may be beneficial in combating the Cd-induced neurotoxicity in the brain of rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of QE may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment for neurodegeneration after Cd exposure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Unsal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Baršienė J, Rybakovas A, Lang T, Andreikėnaitė L, Michailovas A. Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels in fish from the North Sea offshore region and Atlantic coastal waters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 68:106-116. [PMID: 23313042 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the ICON project, environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels were assessed in blood erythrocytes of dab (Limanda limanda) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) collected at 25 stations in the North Sea and near the coast of Iceland in August-October 2008. Micronuclei, nuclear buds and bi-nucleated cells with nucleoplasmic bridges were assessed as environmental genotoxicity biomarkers, and the frequency of fragmented-apoptotic and bi-nucleated erythrocytes were assessed as environmental cytotoxicity biomarkers. The lowest frequencies of genotoxic and cytotoxic abnormalities were detected in fish from the Icelandic study stations. The highest frequencies of abnormalities were recorded in dab from the Dogger Bank and the German Bight, in haddock from the Egersund Bank and from an area off the Firth of Forth (North Sea). In fish from the Icelandic reference area, frequencies of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity responses were significantly lower than in fish from most areas of the North Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
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