1
|
Ruan JJ, Zhou ML, Chen H, Shao JR. Identification and Characterization of a Trypsin Inhibitor from Fagopyrum tataricumSeeds. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1-17. [PMID: 21544554 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the purification and identification of serine protease inhibitors, F. tataricum trypsin inhibitor (FtTI) from tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) seeds. The FtTI was isolated by anion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and centrifugal ultrafiltration. Under reducing and nonreducing conditions, an SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the isolated protein consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of approximately 14 kDa. The two isoforms of FtTI were confirmed by the mass spectrometric profile where the two peaks corresponded to 11.487 and 13.838 kDa. The complete amino acid sequence of FtTI has been established by automatic Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. The molecule of FtTI consists of 86 amino acid residues containing two disulfide bonds which connect Cys8 to Cys65 and Cys49 to Cys58. The active site of FtTI contains an Asp66-Arg67 bond. The Ki value was calculated using the equation for slow tight binding inhibition which was 1.6 nM for trypsin. FtTI retained its inhibitory activity over a wide range of pH (3-10) and temperature (20-80 °C). FtTI can be rapidly inactivated by the combination of high temperature and high pressure. An analysis of the amino acid sequence suggests that FtTI is a member of the protease inhibitor Ι family. Furthermore, FtTI exhibited a strong inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jun Ruan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Liang Zhou
- Institute of Biology, Sylvius Laboratory, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Rong Shao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gupta M, Asfaha DM, Ponnaiah G. Millets: A Nutritional Powerhouse With Anti-cancer Potential. Cureus 2023; 15:e47769. [PMID: 38021676 PMCID: PMC10676454 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Millets are important food crops widely grown by smallholder farmers in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Millets are rich in protein, dietary fiber, micronutrients, and have a low glycemic index (GI) and desirable bioactive compounds. Due to their higher nutritional content, millets are popularly known as "nutricereals". Coinciding with the United Nations and the Food and Agriculture Organization's declaration of 2023 as the "International Year of Millets," this review underscores the nutritional value of these grains from the Poaceae family. The consumption of nutricereals is associated with several health benefits including lowering of blood sugar levels (diabetes), controlling blood pressure, and providing protection against thyroid, cardiovascular, and cancer diseases. A review of the literature from PubMed and Google Scholar was done focusing on the health benefits and anti-cancer properties of different millets. Millets have a rich content of macronutrients like carbohydrates and proteins, as well as micronutrients and bioactive compounds, including dietary fibers, essential fatty acids, and phytochemicals. This article explores millets' nutritional elements, i.e., macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, and provides insights into the types of carbohydrates present, the prebiotic function of dietary fibers, and millets' low GI. The study identified the mechanisms by which millets may deter cancer growth, focusing on the roles of dietary fibers, plant protease inhibitors, and bioactive peptides. Additionally, it compared the mineral and vitamin content of millets to other common grains, such as rice and wheat, and explored the potential health advantages of millets over other cereal crops. This review systematically investigated the health advantages of millets, particularly, their anti-cancer capabilities. Dietary fibers, plant protease inhibitors, and bioactive peptides present in millets have the capacity to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and interact with gut microbiota leading to potential anti-cancer effects. This review also identified existing challenges in the bioavailability and effective delivery of millets' bioactive peptides, advocating for further research to maximize their health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansha Gupta
- Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal, IND
| | | | - Govintharaj Ponnaiah
- Molecular Biology/Plant Breeding and Genetics, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, IND
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tyler TJ, Durek T, Craik DJ. Native and Engineered Cyclic Disulfide-Rich Peptides as Drug Leads. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073189. [PMID: 37049950 PMCID: PMC10096437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are a highly abundant and diverse group of molecules that exhibit a wide range of structural and functional variation. Despite their immense therapeutic potential, bioactive peptides have been traditionally perceived as poor drug candidates, largely due to intrinsic shortcomings that reflect their endogenous heritage, i.e., short biological half-lives and poor cell permeability. In this review, we examine the utility of molecular engineering to insert bioactive sequences into constrained scaffolds with desired pharmaceutical properties. Applying lessons learnt from nature, we focus on molecular grafting of cyclic disulfide-rich scaffolds (naturally derived or engineered), shown to be intrinsically stable and amenable to sequence modifications, and their utility as privileged frameworks in drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan J. Tyler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Książek M, Goulas T, Mizgalska D, Rodríguez-Banqueri A, Eckhard U, Veillard F, Waligórska I, Benedyk-Machaczka M, Sochaj-Gregorczyk AM, Madej M, Thøgersen IB, Enghild JJ, Cuppari A, Arolas JL, de Diego I, López-Pelegrín M, Garcia-Ferrer I, Guevara T, Dive V, Zani ML, Moreau T, Potempa J, Gomis-Rüth FX. A unique network of attack, defence and competence on the outer membrane of the periodontitis pathogen Tannerella forsythia. Chem Sci 2023; 14:869-888. [PMID: 36755705 PMCID: PMC9890683 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontopathogenic Tannerella forsythia uniquely secretes six peptidases of disparate catalytic classes and families that operate as virulence factors during infection of the gums, the KLIKK-peptidases. Their coding genes are immediately downstream of novel ORFs encoding the 98-132 residue potempins (Pot) A, B1, B2, C, D and E. These are outer-membrane-anchored lipoproteins that specifically and potently inhibit the respective downstream peptidase through stable complexes that protect the outer membrane of T. forsythia, as shown in vivo. Remarkably, PotA also contributes to bacterial fitness in vivo and specifically inhibits matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 12, a major defence component of oral macrophages, thus featuring a novel and highly-specific physiological MMP inhibitor. Information from 11 structures and high-confidence homology models showed that the potempins are distinct β-barrels with either a five-stranded OB-fold (PotA, PotC and PotD) or an eight-stranded up-and-down fold (PotE, PotB1 and PotB2), which are novel for peptidase inhibitors. Particular loops insert like wedges into the active-site cleft of the genetically-linked peptidases to specifically block them either via a new "bilobal" or the classic "standard" mechanism of inhibition. These results discover a unique, tightly-regulated proteolytic armamentarium for virulence and competence, the KLIKK-peptidase/potempin system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Książek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - Theodoros Goulas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly Temponera str. Karditsa 43100 Greece
| | - Danuta Mizgalska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Ulrich Eckhard
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Florian Veillard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Irena Waligórska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Małgorzata Benedyk-Machaczka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Alicja M. Sochaj-Gregorczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7Kraków 30-387Poland
| | - Mariusz Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Ida B. Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Anna Cuppari
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan L. Arolas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
| | - Iñaki de Diego
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Sample Environment and Characterization Group, European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld 22869 Germany
| | - Mar López-Pelegrín
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Irene Garcia-Ferrer
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Tibisay Guevara
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), ERL CNRS 9004Gif-sur-Yvette 91191France
| | - Marie-Louise Zani
- Departement de Biochimie, Université de Tours10 Bd. TonelléTours Cedex 37032France
| | | | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ferreira GC, Bomediano Camillo LDM, Sasaki SD. Structural and functional properties of rBmTI-A: A Kunitz-BPTI serine protease inhibitor with therapeutical potential. Biochimie 2023; 204:1-7. [PMID: 36037882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Serine proteases are an important group of enzymes present in several organisms such as viruses, bacteria and eukaryotes involved in several physiological and pathological processes such as cancer, neurodegeneration, tissue inflammation and infections. Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitors have been studied as therapeutical targets with positive results in many of these diseases. rBmTI-A (recombinant B. microplus Trypsin Inhibitor A) is a Kunitz-BPTI type inhibitor based on the native protein BmTI-A. BmTI-A was extracted from tick larvae and presented inhibitory activity against trypsin, human plasma kallikrein (HuPK), human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and human plasmin. rBmTI-A presented the same inhibitory activities of the BmTI-A and its thermostability has already been demonstrated. In emphysema induced by porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and by cigarette smoke animal models, the treatment using rBmTI-A showed a protective effect against the development of pulmonary emphysema and prevented the increase of inflammatory cells. In chronic allergic animal model, rBmTI-A treatment resulted in attenuated bronchial hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, remodeling. These are important physiological results in emphysema and lung inflammatory animal models with rBmTI-A treatment confirming its therapeutical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Cristina Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program on Biosystems, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia de Moraes Bomediano Camillo
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program on Biosystems, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Daishi Sasaki
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil; Graduate Program on Biosystems, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khan S, Arshad S, Arif A, Tanveer R, Amin ZS, Abbas S, Maqsood A, Raza M, Munir A, Latif A, Habiba M, Afzal M. Trypsin Inhibitor Isolated From Glycine max (Soya Bean) Extraction, Purification, and Characterization. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221131462. [PMID: 36246168 PMCID: PMC9561660 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221131462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to isolate, purify, and characterize the trypsin inhibitor
protein from seeds of soya beans, scientifically known as Glycine
max. Its seeds were ground, and the powder was soaked several times
using n-hexane. It was added to phosphate buffer saline (PBS) followed by
filtration and centrifugation of the PBS dissolved extract. The supernatant was
subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation and about six fractions, 30% to 80%
were prepared. The centrifuged pellets obtained from each fraction were dialyzed
and run on SDS-PAGE. The trypsin inhibitor protein was precipitated and
characterized in 30% pellet and molecular weight was 21.5 kDa compared to
protein ladder (ThermoFisher 10-170 kDa). GC-MS analysis revealed the steroid
derivatives such as stigmasterol, campesterol, beta-sitosterol, and
gamma-tocopherol. Glycine max trypsin inhibitor could be used
as a plant-derived drug to overcome the over-activation of trypsin without its
real substrate (proteins) becoming activated and start auto digestion leading to
pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabir Khan
- Tti Testing
Laboratories, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafia Arshad
- UCCM, Faculty of Medicine and
Allied Health Sciences, Islamia
University Bahawalpur, Punjab ,
Pakistan,Shafia Arshad, University College of
Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Amina Arif
- Faculty of Science and Technology,
University
of Central Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
| | - Rida Tanveer
- UCCM, Faculty of Medicine and
Allied Health Sciences, Islamia
University Bahawalpur, Punjab ,
Pakistan
| | | | - Saba Abbas
- School of Medical Lab Technology,
Minhaj
University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Maqsood
- Faculty of Science and Technology,
University
of Central Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza
- Diagnostic Laboratory Iqra
Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arooj Munir
- Faculty of Science and Technology,
University
of Central Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
| | - Amara Latif
- Faculty of Science and Technology,
University
of Central Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
| | - Maryam Habiba
- School of Chemistry, Minhaj
University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Faculty of Science and Technology,
University
of Central Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dürvanger Z, Boros E, Nagy ZA, Hegedüs R, Megyeri M, Dobó J, Gál P, Schlosser G, Ángyán AF, Gáspári Z, Perczel A, Harmat V, Mező G, Menyhárd DK, Pál G. Directed Evolution-Driven Increase of Structural Plasticity Is a Prerequisite for Binding the Complement Lectin Pathway Blocking MASP-Inhibitor Peptides. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:969-986. [PMID: 35378038 PMCID: PMC9016712 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
MASP-1 and MASP-2
are key activator proteases of the complement
lectin pathway. The first specific mannose-binding lectin-associated
serine protease (MASP) inhibitors had been developed from the 14-amino-acid
sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI) peptide by phage display, yielding
SFTI-based MASP inhibitors, SFMIs. Here, we present the crystal structure
of the MASP-1/SFMI1 complex that we analyzed in comparison to other
existing MASP-1/2 structures. Rigidified backbone structure has long
been accepted as a structural prerequisite for peptide inhibitors
of proteases. We found that a hydrophobic cluster organized around
the P2 Thr residue is essential for the structural stability of wild-type
SFTI. We also found that the same P2 Thr prevents binding of the rigid
SFTI-like peptides to the substrate-binding cleft of both MASPs as
the cleft is partially blocked by large gatekeeper enzyme loops. Directed
evolution removed this obstacle by replacing the P2 Thr with a Ser,
providing the SFMIs with high-degree structural plasticity, which
proved to be essential for MASP inhibition. To gain more insight into
the structural criteria for SFMI-based MASP-2 inhibition, we systematically
modified MASP-2-specific SFMI2 by capping its two termini and by replacing
its disulfide bridge with varying length thioether linkers. By doing
so, we also aimed to generate a versatile scaffold that is resistant
to reducing environment and has increased stability in exopeptidase-containing
biological environments. We found that the reduction-resistant disulfide-substituted l-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (Dap) variant possessed near-native
potency. As MASP-2 is involved in the life-threatening thrombosis
in COVID-19 patients, our synthetic, selective MASP-2 inhibitors could
be relevant coronavirus drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Dürvanger
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Attila Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rózsa Hegedüs
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Márton Megyeri
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gitta Schlosser
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, MTA-ELTE Lendület Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Annamária F. Ángyán
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter u. 50/A, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gáspári
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter u. 50/A, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Eötvös
Loránd Research Network, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Harmat
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Eötvös
Loránd Research Network, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mező
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Dóra K. Menyhárd
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Eötvös
Loránd Research Network, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pál
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mendes SR, Eckhard U, Rodríguez-Banqueri A, Guevara T, Czermak P, Marcos E, Vilcinskas A, Xavier Gomis-Rüth F. An engineered protein-based submicromolar competitive inhibitor of the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor aureolysin. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:534-544. [PMID: 35465156 PMCID: PMC9002140 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aureolysin, a secreted metallopeptidase (MP) from the thermolysin family, functions as a major virulence factor in Staphylococcus aureus. No specific aureolysin inhibitors have yet been described, making this an important target for the development of novel antimicrobial drugs in times of rampant antibiotic resistance. Although small-molecule inhibitors are currently more common in the clinic, therapeutic proteins and peptides (TPs) are favourable due to their high selectivity, which reduces off-target toxicity and allows dosage tuning. The greater wax moth Galleria mellonella produces a unique defensive protein known as the insect metallopeptidase inhibitor (IMPI), which selectively inhibits some thermolysins from pathogenic bacteria. We determined the ability of IMPI to inhibit aureolysin in vitro and used crystal structures to ascertain its mechanism of action. This revealed that IMPI uses the “standard mechanism”, which has been poorly characterised for MPs in general. Accordingly, we designed a cohort of 12 single and multiple point mutants, the best of which (I57F) inhibited aureolysin with an estimated inhibition constant (Ki) of 346 nM. Given that animals lack thermolysins, our strategy may facilitate the development of safe TPs against staphylococcal infections, including strains resistant to conventional antibiotics.
Collapse
|
9
|
Heyne M, Shirian J, Cohen I, Peleg Y, Radisky ES, Papo N, Shifman JM. Climbing Up and Down Binding Landscapes through Deep Mutational Scanning of Three Homologous Protein-Protein Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17261-17275. [PMID: 34609866 PMCID: PMC8532158 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have evolved to display binding affinities that can support their function. As such, cognate and noncognate PPIs could be highly similar structurally but exhibit huge differences in binding affinities. To understand this phenomenon, we study three homologous protease-inhibitor PPIs that span 9 orders of magnitude in binding affinity. Using state-of-the-art methodology that combines protein randomization, affinity sorting, deep sequencing, and data normalization, we report quantitative binding landscapes consisting of ΔΔGbind values for the three PPIs, gleaned from tens of thousands of single and double mutations. We show that binding landscapes of the three complexes are strikingly different and depend on the PPI evolutionary optimality. We observe different patterns of couplings between mutations for the three PPIs with negative and positive epistasis appearing most frequently at hot-spot and cold-spot positions, respectively. The evolutionary trends observed here are likely to be universal to other biological complexes in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heyne
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life
Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Avram
and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering
and the National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Jason Shirian
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life
Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Itay Cohen
- Avram
and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering
and the National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Yoav Peleg
- Life
Sciences Core Facilities (LSCF) Structural Proteomics Unit (SPU), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Evette S. Radisky
- Department
of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Niv Papo
- Avram
and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering
and the National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Julia M. Shifman
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life
Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Babii O, Afonin S, Diel C, Huhn M, Dommermuth J, Schober T, Koniev S, Hrebonkin A, Nesterov‐Mueller A, Komarov IV, Ulrich AS. Diarylethene-Based Photoswitchable Inhibitors of Serine Proteases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21789-21794. [PMID: 34268844 PMCID: PMC8519022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A bicyclic peptide scaffold was chemically adapted to generate diarylethene-based photoswitchable inhibitors of serine protease Bos taurus trypsin 1 (T1). Starting from a prototype molecule-sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1)-we obtained light-controllable inhibitors of T1 with Ki in the low nanomolar range, whose activity could be modulated over 20-fold by irradiation. The inhibitory potency as well as resistance to proteolytic degradation were systematically studied on a series of 17 SFTI-1 analogues. The hydrogen bond network that stabilizes the structure of inhibitors and possibly the enzyme-inhibitor binding dynamics were affected by isomerization of the photoswitch. The feasibility of manipulating enzyme activity in time and space was demonstrated by controlled digestion of gelatin-based hydrogel and an antimicrobial peptide BP100-RW. Finally, our design principles of diarylethene photoswitches are shown to apply also for the development of other serine protease inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Babii
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)POB 364076021KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT)KITHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)POB 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christian Diel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)KITFritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Marcel Huhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)KITFritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jennifer Dommermuth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)KITFritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Tim Schober
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)KITFritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Lumobiotics GmbHAuer Straße 276227KarlsruheGermany
| | - Serhii Koniev
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyivvul. Volodymyrska 601601KyivUkraine
| | - Andrii Hrebonkin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)POB 364076021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Alexander Nesterov‐Mueller
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT)KITHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Igor V. Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyivvul. Volodymyrska 601601KyivUkraine
- Lumobiotics GmbHAuer Straße 276227KarlsruheGermany
| | - Anne S. Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)POB 364076021KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)KITFritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Babii O, Afonin S, Diel C, Huhn M, Dommermuth J, Schober T, Koniev S, Hrebonkin A, Nesterov‐Mueller A, Komarov IV, Ulrich AS. Diarylethen‐basierte lichtschaltbare Inhibitoren von Serinproteasen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Babii
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT) KIT Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Christian Diel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) KIT Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Marcel Huhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) KIT Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Jennifer Dommermuth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) KIT Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Tim Schober
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) KIT Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Lumobiotics GmbH Auer Straße 2 76227 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Serhii Koniev
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv vul. Volodymyrska 60 1601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Andrii Hrebonkin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Alexander Nesterov‐Mueller
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT) KIT Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Igor V. Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv vul. Volodymyrska 60 1601 Kyiv Ukraine
- Lumobiotics GmbH Auer Straße 2 76227 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Anne S. Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC) KIT Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
De-Simone SG, Lechuga GC, Napoleão-Pêgo P, Gomes LR, Provance DW, Nirello VD, Sodero ACR, Guedes HLDM. Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Molecular Modeling, and Chemometric Studies from a Thrombin-Like (Lmr-47) Enzyme of Lachesis m. rhombeata Venom. Molecules 2021; 26:3930. [PMID: 34203140 PMCID: PMC8271572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Snakebite envenomation is considered a neglected tropical disease, and SVTLEs critical elements are involved in serious coagulopathies that occur on envenoming. Although some enzymes of this group have been structurally investigated, it is essential to characterize other proteins to better understand their unique properties such as the Lachesis muta rhombeata 47 kDa (Lmr-47) venom serine protease. METHODS The structure of Lmr-47 was studied in solution, using SAXS, DLS, CD, and in silico by homology modeling. Molecular docking experiments simulated 21 competitive inhibitors. RESULTS At pH 8.0, Lmr-47 has an Rg of 34.5 ± 0.6 Å, Dmax of 130 Å, and SR of 50 Å, according to DLS data. Kratky plot analysis indicates a rigid shape at pH 8.0. Conversely, the pH variation does not change the center of mass's intrinsic fluorescence, possibly indicating the absence of fluorescent amino acids in the regions affected by pH variation. CD experiments show a substantially random coiled secondary structure not affected by pH. The low-resolution model of Lmr-47 presented a prolate elongated shape at pH 8.0. Using the 3D structure obtained by molecular modeling, docking experiments identified five good and three suitable competitive inhibitors. CONCLUSION Together, our work provided insights into the structure of the Lmr-47 and identified inhibitors that may enhance our understanding of thrombin-like family proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone
- FIOCRUZ, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Diseases Population (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (P.N.-P.); (L.R.G.); (D.W.P.J.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Curty Lechuga
- FIOCRUZ, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Diseases Population (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (P.N.-P.); (L.R.G.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - Paloma Napoleão-Pêgo
- FIOCRUZ, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Diseases Population (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (P.N.-P.); (L.R.G.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - Larissa Rodrigues Gomes
- FIOCRUZ, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Diseases Population (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (P.N.-P.); (L.R.G.); (D.W.P.J.)
| | - David William Provance
- FIOCRUZ, Center of Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Diseases Population (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (P.N.-P.); (L.R.G.); (D.W.P.J.)
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Vinícius Dias Nirello
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal of Rio de Janeiro University, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil; (V.D.N.); (A.C.R.S.)
| | - Ana Carolina Rennó Sodero
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal of Rio de Janeiro University, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil; (V.D.N.); (A.C.R.S.)
| | - Herbert Leonel de Mattos Guedes
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Federal of Rio de Janeiro University, Duque de Caxias 25245-390, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rojas L, Cabrera-Muñoz A, Gil Pradas D, González JB, Alonso-Del-Rivero M, González-González Y. Arginine substitution by alanine at the P1 position increases the selectivity of CmPI-II, a non-classical Kazal inhibitor. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:101008. [PMID: 34027134 PMCID: PMC8131977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CmPI-II is a Kazal-type tight-binding inhibitor isolated from the Caribbean snail Cenchritis muricatus. This inhibitor has an unusual specificity in the Kazal family, as it can inhibit subtilisin A (SUBTA), elastases and trypsin. An alanine in CmPI-II P1 site could avoid trypsin inhibition while improving/maintaining SUBTA and elastases inhibition. Thus, an alanine mutant of this position (rCmPI-II R12A) was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis. The gene cmpiR12A was expressed in P. pastoris KM71H yeast. The recombinant protein (rCmPI-II R12A) was purified by the combination of two ionic exchange chromatography (1:cationic, 2 anionic) followed by and size exclusion chromatography. The N-terminal sequence obtained as well as the experimental molecular weight allowed verifying the identity of the recombinant protein, while the correct folding was confirmed by CD experiments. rCmPI-II R12A shows a slightly increase in potency against SUBTA and elastases. The alanine substitution at P1 site on CmPI-II abolishes the trypsin inhibition, confirming the relevance of an arginine residue at P1 site in CmPI-II for trypsin inhibition and leading to a molecule with more potentialities in biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laritza Rojas
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Aymara Cabrera-Muñoz
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Dayrom Gil Pradas
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Jessica B González
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Maday Alonso-Del-Rivero
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Yamile González-González
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 # 455, Plaza de La Revolución, CP 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie Y, Ravet K, Pearce S. Extensive structural variation in the Bowman-Birk inhibitor family in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:218. [PMID: 33765923 PMCID: PMC7995804 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI) are a family of serine-type protease inhibitors that modulate endogenous plant proteolytic activities during different phases of development. They also inhibit exogenous proteases as a component of plant defense mechanisms, and their overexpression can confer resistance to phytophagous herbivores and multiple fungal and bacterial pathogens. Dicot BBIs are multifunctional, with a "double-headed" structure containing two separate inhibitory loops that can bind and inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin proteases simultaneously. By contrast, monocot BBIs have a non-functional chymotrypsin inhibitory loop, although they have undergone internal duplication events giving rise to proteins with multiple BBI domains. RESULTS We used a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profile-based search to identify 57 BBI genes in the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome. The BBI genes are unevenly distributed, with large gene clusters in the telomeric regions of homoeologous group 1 and 3 chromosomes that likely arose through a series of tandem gene duplication events. The genomes of wheat progenitors also contain contiguous clusters of BBI genes, suggesting this family underwent expansion before the domestication of common wheat. However, the BBI gene family varied in size among different cultivars, showing this family remains dynamic. Because of these expansions, the BBI gene family is larger in wheat than other monocots such as maize, rice and Brachypodium. We found BBI proteins in common wheat with intragenic homologous duplications of cysteine-rich functional domains, including one protein with four functional BBI domains. This diversification may expand the spectrum of target substrates. Expression profiling suggests that some wheat BBI proteins may be involved in regulating endogenous proteases during grain development, while others were induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, suggesting a role in plant defense. CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide characterization reveals that the BBI gene family in wheat is subject to a high rate of homologous tandem duplication and deletion events, giving rise to a diverse set of encoded proteins. This information will facilitate the functional characterization of individual wheat BBI genes to determine their role in wheat development and stress responses, and their potential application in breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Xie
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Karl Ravet
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Stephen Pearce
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jmel MA, Aounallah H, Bensaoud C, Mekki I, Chmelař J, Faria F, M’ghirbi Y, Kotsyfakis M. Insights into the Role of Tick Salivary Protease Inhibitors during Ectoparasite-Host Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E892. [PMID: 33477394 PMCID: PMC7831016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease inhibitors (PIs) are ubiquitous regulatory proteins present in all kingdoms. They play crucial tasks in controlling biological processes directed by proteases which, if not tightly regulated, can damage the host organism. PIs can be classified according to their targeted proteases or their mechanism of action. The functions of many PIs have now been characterized and are showing clinical relevance for the treatment of human diseases such as arthritis, hepatitis, cancer, AIDS, and cardiovascular diseases, amongst others. Other PIs have potential use in agriculture as insecticides, anti-fungal, and antibacterial agents. PIs from tick salivary glands are special due to their pharmacological properties and their high specificity, selectivity, and affinity to their target proteases at the tick-host interface. In this review, we discuss the structure and function of PIs in general and those PI superfamilies abundant in tick salivary glands to illustrate their possible practical applications. In doing so, we describe tick salivary PIs that are showing promise as drug candidates, highlighting the most promising ones tested in vivo and which are now progressing to preclinical and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amine Jmel
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Hajer Aounallah
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR19IPTX, Service d’Entomologie Médicale, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (H.A.); (Y.M.)
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Innovation and Development Center, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Chaima Bensaoud
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Imen Mekki
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Jindřich Chmelař
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Fernanda Faria
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Innovation and Development Center, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Youmna M’ghirbi
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR19IPTX, Service d’Entomologie Médicale, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (H.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Michalis Kotsyfakis
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
de Veer SJ, White AM, Craik DJ. Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1): Sowing Seeds in the Fields of Chemistry and Biology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:8050-8071. [PMID: 32621554 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nature-derived cyclic peptides have proven to be a vast source of inspiration for advancing modern pharmaceutical design and synthetic chemistry. The focus of this Review is sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1), one of the smallest disulfide-bridged cyclic peptides found in nature. SFTI-1 has an unusual biosynthetic pathway that begins with a dual-purpose albumin precursor and ends with the production of a high-affinity serine protease inhibitor that rivals other inhibitors much larger in size. Investigations on the molecular basis for SFTI-1's rigid structure and adaptable function have planted seeds for thought that have now blossomed in several different fields. Here we survey these applications to highlight the growing potential of SFTI-1 as a versatile template for engineering inhibitors, a prototypic peptide for studying inhibitory mechanisms, a stable scaffold for grafting bioactive peptides, and a model peptide for evaluating peptidomimetic motifs and platform technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew M White
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Veer SJ, White AM, Craik DJ. Der Sonnenblumen‐Trypsin‐Inhibitor 1 (SFTI‐1) in der Chemie und Biologie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J. Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australien
| | - Andrew M. White
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australien
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australien
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
An atypical and functionally diverse family of Kunitz-type cysteine/serine proteinase inhibitors secreted by the helminth parasite Fasciola hepatica. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20657. [PMID: 33244035 PMCID: PMC7692546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica is a global parasite of humans and their livestock. Regulation of parasite-secreted cathepsin L-like cysteine proteases associated with virulence is important to fine-tune parasite-host interaction. We uncovered a family of seven Kunitz-type (FhKT) inhibitors dispersed into five phylogenetic groups. The most highly expressed FhKT genes (group FhKT1) are secreted by the newly excysted juveniles (NEJs), the stage responsible for host infection. The FhKT1 inhibitors do not inhibit serine proteases but are potent inhibitors of parasite cathepsins L and host lysosomal cathepsin L, S and K cysteine proteases (inhibition constants < 10 nM). Their unusual inhibitory properties are due to (a) Leu15 in the reactive site loop P1 position that sits at the water-exposed interface of the S1 and S1' subsites of the cathepsin protease, and (b) Arg19 which forms cation-π interactions with Trp291 of the S1' subsite and electrostatic interactions with Asp125 of the S2' subsite. FhKT1.3 is exceptional, however, as it also inhibits the serine protease trypsin due to replacement of the P1 Leu15 in the reactive loop with Arg15. The atypical Kunitz-type inhibitor family likely regulate parasite cathepsin L proteases and/or impairs host immune cell activation by blocking lysosomal cathepsin proteases involved in antigen processing and presentation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gitlin-Domagalska A, Maciejewska A, Dębowski D. Bowman-Birk Inhibitors: Insights into Family of Multifunctional Proteins and Peptides with Potential Therapeutical Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120421. [PMID: 33255583 PMCID: PMC7760496 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs) are found primarily in seeds of legumes and in cereal grains. These canonical inhibitors share a highly conserved nine-amino acids binding loop motif CTP1SXPPXC (where P1 is the inhibitory active site, while X stands for various amino acids). They are natural controllers of plants' endogenous proteases, but they are also inhibitors of exogenous proteases present in microbials and insects. They are considered as plants' protective agents, as their elevated levels are observed during injury, presence of pathogens, or abiotic stress, i.a. Similar properties are observed for peptides isolated from amphibians' skin containing 11-amino acids disulfide-bridged loop CWTP1SXPPXPC. They are classified as Bowman-Birk like trypsin inhibitors (BBLTIs). These inhibitors are resistant to proteolysis and not toxic, and they are reported to be beneficial in the treatment of various pathological states. In this review, we summarize up-to-date research results regarding BBIs' and BBLTIs' inhibitory activity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial and insecticidal strength, as well as chemopreventive properties.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kriaa A, Jablaoui A, Mkaouar H, Akermi N, Maguin E, Rhimi M. Serine proteases at the cutting edge of IBD: Focus on gastrointestinal inflammation. FASEB J 2020; 34:7270-7282. [PMID: 32307770 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000031rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Serine proteases have been long recognized to coordinate many physiological processes and play key roles in regulating the inflammatory response. Accordingly, their dysregulation has been regularly associated with several inflammatory disorders and suggested as a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of digestive inflammation. So far, studies addressing the proteolytic homeostasis in the gut have mainly focused on host serine proteases as candidates of interest, while largely ignoring the potential contribution of their bacterial counterparts. The human gut microbiota comprises a complex ecosystem that contributes to host health and disease. Yet, our understanding of microbially produced serine proteases and investigation of whether they are causally linked to IBD is still in its infancy. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the emerging roles of host and bacterial serine proteases in digestive inflammation. We also discuss the application of available tools in the gut to monitor disease-related serine proteases. An exhaustive representation and understanding of such functional potential would help in closing existing gaps in mechanistic knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Kriaa
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Amin Jablaoui
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Héla Mkaouar
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nizar Akermi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lokya V, Swathi M, Mallikarjuna N, Padmasree K. Response of Midgut Trypsin- and Chymotrypsin-Like Proteases of Helicoverpa armigera Larvae Upon Feeding With Peanut BBI: Biochemical and Biophysical Characterization of PnBBI. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32265951 PMCID: PMC7105688 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Proteinase/Protease inhibitors (PIs) from higher plants play an important role in defense and confer resistance against various insect pests and pathogens. In the present study, Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) was purified from mature seeds of an interspecific advanced hybrid peanut variety (4368-1) using chromatographic techniques. The biochemical and biophysical characteristics such as low molecular mass, presence of several isoinhibitors and higher-ordered dimer/tetramer, predominance of antiparallel β-sheets and random coils in secondary structure, reactive sites against trypsin and chymotrypsin, broad spectrum of stability toward extreme pH and temperature along with MALDI TOF-TOF analysis (ProteomeXchange identifier PXD016933) ascertained the purified biomolecule from peanut as BBI (PnBBI). Surface plasmon resonance competitive binding analysis revealed the bifunctional PnBBI is a trypsin specific inhibitor with 1:2 stoichiometry as compared to chymotrypsin. A concentration-dependent self-association tendency of PnBBI was further confirmed by 'red shift' in the far-UV CD spectra. Furthermore, the insecticidal potential of PnBBI against Helicoverpa armigera was assessed by in vitro assays and in vivo feeding experiments. A significant reduction in larval body weight was observed with concomitant attenuation in the activity of midgut trypsin-like proteases of H. armigera (HaTPs) fed on PnBBI supplemented diet. The one and two-dimensional zymography studies revealed the disappearance of several isoforms of HaTP upon feeding with PnBBI. qRT-PCR analysis further suggests the role of PnBBI in not only inhibiting the activity of midgut trypsin and chymotrypsin-like proteases but also in modulating their expression. Taken together, the results provide a biochemical and molecular basis for introgressed resistance in peanut interspecific advanced hybrid variety against H. armigera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadthya Lokya
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Marri Swathi
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Kollipara Padmasree
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Holanda GCR, de Lima IL, Scapin SMN, Silva MDC, Sales IRF, Granjeiro JM, da Silva RA, de Souza VMO, de Lima Filho JL. Whey milk proteomics from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice reveals proteins involved in immunomodulation of the offspring. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1607-1617. [PMID: 32133541 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Milk from schistosomotic mothers can modulate the immune response of their offspring. However, its characterization and potential of modulating immunity has not yet been fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whey proteins from the milk of Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice in order to identify the fractions which can act as potential immunomodulatory tools. For this, we did a mass spectrometry (nanoUPLC-MSE) analysis to characterize the proteomic profile of milk from infected (MIM) and non-infected mice (MNIM). It was possible to identify 29 differentially expressed proteins: 15 were only found in MIM, 10 only found in MNIM, and 4 were downregulated in MIM group. Gene Ontology (GO), pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses indicated differentially expressed proteins linked to biological processes and pathways in MIM group such as the following: fructose 1,6-biphosphate metabolic and glycolytic processes, glucose metabolism, and neutrophil degranulation pathways. The downregulated and unique proteins identified in MNIM group were involved in the positive regulation of B cell activation and receptor signaling pathway, in the innate immune response, complement activation, and phagocytosis. The present findings revealed a protein profile that may be involved in the activation and deactivation of the offspring's immune system in the long term, conferring a protective character due to the previous contact with milk from infected mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Calixto Ribeiro de Holanda
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Iasmim Lopes de Lima
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Naressi Scapin
- Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida - DIMAV, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Silva
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada às Ciências da Vida - DIMAV, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberto Afonso da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Valdenia Maria Oliveira de Souza
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - José Luiz de Lima Filho
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ferreira GC, Duran AFA, da Silva FRS, Bomediano LDM, Machado GC, Sasaki SD. Neutrophil elastase inhibitor purification strategy from cowpea seeds. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223713. [PMID: 31600323 PMCID: PMC6786636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine proteases and its inhibitors are involved in physiological process and its deregulation lead to various diseases like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), pulmonary emphysema, skin diseases, atherosclerosis, coagulation diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases, neuronal disorders and other diseases. Serine protease inhibitors have been described in many species, as well as in plants, including cowpea beans (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp). Here, we purified and characterized a protease inhibitor, named VuEI (Vigna unguiculata elastase inhibitor), from Vigna unguiculata, with inhibitory activity against HNE (human neutrophil elastase) and chymotrypsin but has no inhibitory activity against trypsin and thrombin. VuEI was obtained by alkaline protein extraction followed by three different chromatographic steps in sequence. First, an ion exchange chromatography using Hitrap Q column was employed, followed by two reversed-phase chromatography using Source15RPC and ACE18 columns. The molecular mass of VuEI was estimated in 10.99 kDa by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The dissociation constant (Ki) to HNE was 9 pM. These data indicate that VuEI is a potent inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase, besides to inhibit chymotrypsin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Cristina Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Livia de Moraes Bomediano
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Capella Machado
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Daishi Sasaki
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xue Q. Pathogen proteases and host protease inhibitors in molluscan infectious diseases. J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 166:107214. [PMID: 31348922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of infectious diseases represents an outcome of dynamic interactions between the disease-producing agent's pathogenicity and the host's self-defense mechanism. Proteases secreted by pathogenic microorganisms and protease inhibitors produced by host species play an important role in the process. This review aimed at summarizing major findings in research on pathogen proteases and host protease inhibitors that had been proposed to be related to the development of mollusk diseases. Metalloproteases and serine proteases respectively belonging to Family M4 and Family S8 of the MEROPS system are among the most studied proteases that may function as virulence factors in mollusk pathogens. On the other hand, a mollusk-specific family (Family I84) of novel serine protease inhibitors and homologues of the tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease have been studied for their potential in the molluscan host defense. In addition, research at the genomic and transcriptomic levels showed that more proteases of pathogens and protease inhibitor of hosts are likely involved in mollusk disease processes. Therefore, the pathological significance of interactions between pathogen proteases and host protease inhibitors in the development of molluscan infectious diseases deserves more research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Xue
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Macromolecular properties and partial amino acid sequence of a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seeds. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9859-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
Riley BT, Ilyichova O, de Veer SJ, Swedberg JE, Wilson E, Hoke DE, Harris JM, Buckle AM. KLK4 Inhibition by Cyclic and Acyclic Peptides: Structural and Dynamical Insights into Standard-Mechanism Protease Inhibitors. Biochemistry 2019; 58:2524-2533. [PMID: 31058493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI-1) is a 14 amino acid serine protease inhibitor. The dual antiparallel β-sheet arrangement of SFTI-1 is stabilized by an N-terminal-C-terminal backbone cyclization and a further disulfide bridge to form a final bicyclic structure. This constrained structure is further rigidified by an extensive network of internal hydrogen bonds. Thus, the structure of SFTI-1 in solution resembles the protease-bound structure, reducing the entropic penalty upon protease binding. When cleaved at the scissile bond, it is thought that the rigidifying features of SFTI-1 maintain its structure, allowing the scissile bond to be reformed. The lack of structural plasticity for SFTI-1 is proposed to favor initial protease binding and continued occupancy in the protease active site, resulting in an equilibrium between the cleaved and uncleaved inhibitor in the presence of a protease. We have determined, at 1.15 Å resolution, the X-ray crystal structures of complexes between human kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) and SFTI-FCQR(Asn14) and between KLK4 and an acyclic form of the same inhibitor, SFTI-FCQR(Asn14)[1,14], with the latter displaying a cleaved scissile bond. Structural analysis and MD simulations together reveal the roles of the altered contact sequence, intramolecular hydrogen bonding network, and backbone cyclization in altering the state of SFTI's scissile bond ligation at the protease active site. Taken together, the data presented reveal insights into the role of dynamics in the standard-mechanism inhibition and suggest that modifications on the non-contact strand may be a useful, underexplored approach for generating further potent or selective SFTI-based inhibitors against members of the serine protease family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blake T Riley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Olga Ilyichova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Joakim E Swedberg
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Emily Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - David E Hoke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Jonathan M Harris
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Queensland 4059 , Australia
| | - Ashley M Buckle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ferreira RS, Brito MV, Napoleão TH, Silva MCC, Paiva PMG, Oliva MLV. Effects of two protease inhibitors from Bauhinia bauhinoides with different specificity towards gut enzymes of Nasutitermes corniger and its survival. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:364-370. [PMID: 30710762 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two recombinant protease inhibitors from Bauhinia bauhinioides, rBbKI (kallikrein inhibitor) and rBbCI (cruzipain inhibitor) were evaluated for insecticidal activity against workers and soldiers of Nasutitermes corniger (order: Isoptera; family: Termitidae) through the inhibitors' effect on the insect's gut enzymes. The inhibitor rBbKI was more effective than rBbCI in inhibiting the termite's gut enzymes. The kallikrein inhibitor showed termiticidal activity in workers with an LC50 of 0.9 mg mL-1 after 4 days. Conversely, rBbKI did not affect the survival of soldiers and rBbCI did not show termiticidal activity against N. corniger. The two inhibitors showed different specificity towards the termite's gut enzymes, representing interesting tools to characterize N. corniger enzymes. The different effects of rBbKI and rBbCI on the termite's enzymes and survival may be linked to slight structural differences between these inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Ferreira
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M V Brito
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - T H Napoleão
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - M C C Silva
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - P M G Paiva
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - M L V Oliva
- Biochemistry Department at the Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu K. Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor Assay: The Sequence Effect of Adding Reagents, Factors Involved, and Mechanistic Explanations. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keshun Liu
- Grain Chemistry and Utilization Laboratory, National Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research UnitUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA‐ARS) 1691 S. 2700 West, Aberdeen ID 83210 USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li CY, de Veer SJ, White AM, Chen X, Harris JM, Swedberg JE, Craik DJ. Amino Acid Scanning at P5' within the Bowman-Birk Inhibitory Loop Reveals Specificity Trends for Diverse Serine Proteases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3696-3706. [PMID: 30888159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1) is a 14-amino acid cyclic peptide that shares an inhibitory loop with a sequence and structure similar to a larger family of serine protease inhibitors, the Bowman-Birk inhibitors. Here, we focus on the P5' residue in the Bowman-Birk inhibitory loop and produce a library of SFTI variants to characterize the P5' specificity of 11 different proteases. We identify seven amino acids that are generally preferred by these enzymes and also correlate with P5' sequence diversity in naturally occurring Bowman-Birk inhibitors. Additionally, we show that several enzymes have divergent specificities that can be harnessed in engineering studies. By optimizing the P5' residue, we improve the potency or selectivity of existing inhibitors for kallikrein-related peptidase 5 and show that a variant with substitutions at 7 of the scaffold's 14 residues retains a similar structure to SFTI-1. These findings provide new insights into P5' specificity requirements for the Bowman-Birk inhibitory loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Choi Yi Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Andrew M White
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Xingchen Chen
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane QLD 4059 , Australia
| | - Jonathan M Harris
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane QLD 4059 , Australia
| | - Joakim E Swedberg
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Clemente M, Corigliano MG, Pariani SA, Sánchez-López EF, Sander VA, Ramos-Duarte VA. Plant Serine Protease Inhibitors: Biotechnology Application in Agriculture and Molecular Farming. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1345. [PMID: 30884891 PMCID: PMC6471620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease inhibitors (SPIs) are widely distributed in living organisms like bacteria, fungi, plants, and humans. The main function of SPIs as protease enzymes is to regulate the proteolytic activity. In plants, most of the studies of SPIs have been focused on their physiological role. The initial studies carried out in plants showed that SPIs participate in the regulation of endogenous proteolytic processes, as the regulation of proteases in seeds. Besides, it was observed that SPIs also participate in the regulation of cell death during plant development and senescence. On the other hand, plant SPIs have an important role in plant defense against pests and phytopathogenic microorganisms. In the last 20 years, several transgenic plants over-expressing SPIs have been produced and tested in order to achieve the increase of the resistance against pathogenic insects. Finally, in molecular farming, SPIs have been employed to minimize the proteolysis of recombinant proteins expressed in plants. The present review discusses the potential biotechnological applications of plant SPIs in the agriculture field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Clemente
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| | - Mariana G Corigliano
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián A Pariani
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| | - Edwin F Sánchez-López
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| | - Valeria A Sander
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| | - Víctor A Ramos-Duarte
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires B7130, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Structural studies of plasmin inhibition. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:541-557. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20180211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Plasminogen (Plg) is the zymogen form of the serine protease plasmin (Plm), and it plays a crucial role in fibrinolysis as well as wound healing, immunity, tissue remodeling and inflammation. Binding to the targets via the lysine-binding sites allows for Plg activation by plasminogen activators (PAs) present on the same target. Cellular uptake of fibrin degradation products leads to apoptosis, which represents one of the pathways for cross-talk between fibrinolysis and tissue remodeling. Therapeutic manipulation of Plm activity plays a vital role in the treatments of a range of diseases, whereas Plm inhibitors are used in trauma and surgeries as antifibrinolytic agents. Plm inhibitors are also used in conditions such as angioedema, menorrhagia and melasma. Here, we review the rationale for the further development of new Plm inhibitors, with a particular focus on the structural studies of the active site inhibitors of Plm. We compare the binding mode of different classes of inhibitors and comment on how it relates to their efficacy, as well as possible future developments.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wei W, Chen Y, Xie D, Zhou Y. Molecular insight into chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 resisting proteolytic degradation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5049-5058. [PMID: 30762035 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07784c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2) is a special serine protease inhibitor which can resist hydrolysis for several days with a rapid equilibrium between the Michaelis complex and acyl-enzyme intermediate. The energies and conformational changes for subtilisin-catalyzed proteolysis of CI2 were examined in this paper for the first time by employing pseudo bond ab initio QM/MM MD simulations. In the acylation reaction, a low-barrier hydrogen bond between His64 and Asp32 in the transition state together with the lack of covalent backbone constraints makes the peptide bonds of CI2 break more easily than in other serine protease inhibitors. After acyl-enzyme formation, molecular dynamics simulations showed that the access of hydrolytic water to the active site requires partial dissociation of the leaving group. However, retention of the leaving group mainly by the intra- and inter-molecular H-bonding networks hinders the access of water and retards the deacylation reaction. Instead of the dissociation constant of inhibitors, we suggest employing the free energy at the acyl-enzyme state to predict the relative hydrolysis rates of CI2 mutants, which are testified by the experimental relative hydrolysis rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Wei
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cwiklinski K, Donnelly S, Drysdale O, Jewhurst H, Smith D, De Marco Verissimo C, Pritsch IC, O'Neill S, Dalton JP, Robinson MW. The cathepsin-like cysteine peptidases of trematodes of the genus Fasciola. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2019; 104:113-164. [PMID: 31030768 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis caused by trematode parasites of the genus Fasciola is a global disease of livestock, particularly cattle, sheep, water buffalo and goats. It is also a major human zoonosis with reports suggesting that 2.4-17 million people are infected worldwide, and 91.1 million people currently living at risk of infection. A unique feature of these worms is their reliance on a family of developmentally-regulated papain-like cysteine peptidases, termed cathepsins. These proteolytic enzymes play central roles in virulence, infection, tissue migration and modulation of host innate and adaptive immune responses. The availability of a Fasciola hepatica genome, and the exploitation of transcriptomic and proteomic technologies to probe parasite growth and development, has enlightened our understanding of the cathepsin-like cysteine peptidases. Here, we clarify the structure of the cathepsin-like cysteine peptidase families and, in this context, review the phylogenetics, structure, biochemistry and function of these enzymes in the host-parasite relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Cwiklinski
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Orla Drysdale
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Jewhurst
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - David Smith
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Izanara C Pritsch
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sandra O'Neill
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - John P Dalton
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mark W Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fernandes JPC, Mehdad A, Valadares NF, Mourão CBF, Ventura MM, Barbosa JARG, Freitas SMD. Crystallographic structure of a complex between trypsin and a nonapeptide derived from a Bowman-Birk inhibitor found in Vigna unguiculata seeds. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 665:79-86. [PMID: 30817908 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural inhibitors of proteases have been classified into different families, among them is the Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) family. Members of BBI have two structurally reactive loops that simultaneously inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin. Here, we have investigated the binding of bovine trypsin by a cyclic nonapeptide, named PTRY9 (CTKSIPPQC), derived of the black-eyed pea trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor (BTCI) from Vigna unguiculata seeds. This peptide was synthetically produced with the disulfide bond restraining its conformation to mimic the reactive loop that inhibits trypsin. PTRY9 complexed to pancreatic bovine trypsin was crystallized in orthorhombic and trigonal space groups, P212121 and P3221, with maximum resolutions of 1.15 and 1.61 Å, respectively. The structures presented refinement parameters of Rwork = 14.52 % and Rfree = 15.59 %; Rwork = 15.60 % and Rfree = 18.78 %, and different surface area between the peptide and the enzyme of 1024 Å2 and 1070 Å2, respectively. The binding site of the PTRY9 is similar to that found for BTCI as shown by a r.m.s.d. of 0.358 Å between the superimposed structures and the electrostatic complementary pattern at the enzyme-peptide interface. Additionally, enzyme inhibition assays show that the affinity of trypsin for PTRY9 is smaller than that for BTCI. In vitro assays revealed that, like BTCI, this synthetic peptide is not cytotoxic for normal mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells, but exerts cytotoxic effects on MDA.MB.231 invasive human breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Campos Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Azadeh Mehdad
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Napoleão Fonseca Valadares
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Manuel Mateus Ventura
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Maria de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang Y, Hu X, Islam S, She M, Peng Y, Yu Z, Wylie S, Juhasz A, Dowla M, Yang R, Zhang J, Wang X, Dell B, Chen X, Nevo E, Sun D, Ma W. New insights into the evolution of wheat avenin-like proteins in wild emmer wheat ( Triticum dicoccoides). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:13312-13317. [PMID: 30530679 PMCID: PMC6310801 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812855115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen full-length wheat grain avenin-like protein coding genes (TaALP) were identified on chromosome arms 7AS, 4AL, and 7DS of bread wheat with each containing five genes. Besides the a- and b-type ALPs, a c type was identified in the current paper. Both a and b types have two subunits, named x and y types. The five genes on each of the three chromosome arms consisted of two x-type genes, two y-type genes, and one c-type gene. The a-type genes were typically of 520 bp in length, whereas the b types were of 850 bp in length, and the c type was of 470 bp in length. The ALP gene transcript levels were significantly up-regulated in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt)-infected wheat grain caryopsis at early grain filling. Wild emmer wheat [(WEW), Triticum dicoccoides] populations were focused on in our paper to identify allelic variations of ALP genes and to study the influence of natural selection on certain alleles. Consequently, 25 alleles were identified for TdALP-bx-7AS, 13 alleles were identified for TdALP-ax-7AS, 7 alleles were identified for TdALP-ay-7AS, and 4 alleles were identified for TdALP-ax-4AL Correlation studies on TdALP gene diversity and ecological stresses suggested that environmental factors contribute to the ALP polymorphism formation in WEW. Many allelic variants of ALPs in the endosperm of WEW are not present in bread wheat and therefore could be utilized in breeding bread wheat varieties for better quality and elite plant defense characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Xin Hu
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Maoyun She
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Steve Wylie
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Angela Juhasz
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mirza Dowla
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Rongchang Yang
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Bernard Dell
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
| | - Dongfa Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China;
| | - Wujun Ma
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Costa RA, Cruz JN, Nascimento FCA, Silva SG, Silva SO, Martelli MC, Carvalho SML, Santos CBR, Neto AMJC, Brasil DSB. Studies of NMR, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation of new promising inhibitors of cruzaine from the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
37
|
Vieira MS, Pereira VV, da Cunha Morales Álvares A, Nogueira LM, Lima WJN, Granjeiro PA, Gonçalves DB, Campos-da-Paz M, de Freitas SM, Galdino AS. Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Yersinia intermedia Phytase Expressed in Escherichia coli. Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric 2018; 10:131-139. [PMID: 30516117 DOI: 10.2174/2212798410666181205114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytases are enzymes capable of degrading phytic acid and used in animal feed supplementation in order to improve digestibility through the release of minerals such as phosphorus. OBJECTIVE The main goal of this study was to express and characterize a Yersinia intermedia phytase expressed in Escherichia coli cells. METHODS The Y. intermedia phytase gene was synthesized and overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells. The phytase recombinante (rPHY) was purified to homogeneity using a Ni-NTA column. The biochemical and biophysical properties of the rPHY were measured in order to fully characterize the recombinant enzyme. The following patents database were consulted: Espacenet, USPTO, LATIPAT, Patent Scope, WIPO and Google Patents. RESULTS The results showed that the rPHY is active at 37-40ºC and presented an optimal pH and temperature of 8.0 and 40°C, respectively. The phytase rPHY was activated by Cu2+ ion and showed resistance to trypsin and pepsin, retaining 55% of the activity at the ratio of 0.02. Furthermore, the dissociation constant (Kd = 1.1150 ± 0.0087 mM), as estimated by a fluorescence binding assay, suggests a medium affinity of the enzyme with the substrate. CONCLUSION The results of this article can be considered as innovative and for this reason, they were protected by Intellectual Property Law in Brazil. Take together, the biochemical properties of the rPHY could be useful in future for its industrial application of this enzyme as an additive in the monogastric feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Vieira
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Vinícius V Pereira
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | | | - Lais M Nogueira
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - William J N Lima
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, MG, 39404- 547, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Granjeiro
- Laboratorio de Processos Biotecnologicos e Purificacao de Macromoleculas, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Daniel B Gonçalves
- Laboratorio de Processos Biotecnologicos e Purificacao de Macromoleculas, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos-da-Paz
- Laboratorio de Nanobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del- Rei, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Sonia M de Freitas
- Laboratorio de BiofIsica, Universidade de BrasIlia, BrasIlia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Harish BS, Uppuluri KB. Potential Anticoagulant Activity of Trypsin Inhibitor Purified from an Isolated Marine Bacterium Oceanimonas Sp. BPMS22 and its Kinetics. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:780-791. [PMID: 30121818 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Protease inhibitors control major biological protease activities to maintain physiological homeostasis. Marine bacteria isolated from oligotrophic conditions could be taxonomically distinct, metabolically unique, and offers a wide variety of biochemicals. In the present investigation, marine sediments were screened for the potential bacteria that can produce trypsin inhibitors. A moderate halotolerant novel marine bacterial strain of Oceanimonas sp. BPMS22 was isolated, identified, and characterized. The effect of various process parameters like salt concentration, temperature, and pH was studied on the growth of the bacteria and production of trypsin inhibitor. Further, the trypsin inhibitor was purified to near homogeneity using anion exchange, size exclusion, and affinity chromatography. The purified trypsin inhibitor was found to competitively inhibit trypsin activity with an inhibition coefficient, Ki, of 3.44 ± 0.13 μM and second-order association rate constant, kass, of 1.08 × 103 M-1 S-1. The proteinaceous trypsin inhibitor had a molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa. The purified trypsin inhibitor showed anticoagulant activity on the human blood samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B S Harish
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India
| | - Kiran Babu Uppuluri
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ramesh K, Lama D, Tan KW, Nguyen VS, Chew FT, Verma CS, Mok YK. Homologous Lympho-Epithelial Kazal-type Inhibitor Domains Delay Blood Coagulation by Inhibiting Factor X and XI with Differential Specificity. Structure 2018; 26:1178-1186.e3. [PMID: 30017565 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite being initially identified in the blood filtrate, LEKTI is a 15-domain Kazal-type inhibitor mostly known in the regulation of skin desquamation. In the current study, screening of serine proteases in blood coagulation cascade showed that LEKTI domain 4 has inhibitory activity toward only FXIa, whereas LEKTI domain 6 inhibits both FXIa and FXaB (bovine FXa). Nuclear magnetic resonance structural and dynamic experiments plus molecular dynamics simulation revealed that LEKTI domain 4 has enhanced backbone flexibility at the reactive-site loop. A model of the LEKTI-protease complex revealed that FXaB has a narrower S4 pocket compared with FXIa and hence prefers only small side-chain residues at the P4 position, such as Ala in LEKTI domain 6. Mutational studies combined with a molecular complex model suggest that both a more flexible reactive-site loop and a bulky residue at the P4 position make LEKTI domain 4 a weaker but highly selective inhibitor of FXIa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Ramesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Dilraj Lama
- Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Kang Wei Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Van Sang Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Yu Keung Mok
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Visetnan S, Donpudsa S, Tassanakajon A, Rimphanitchayakit V. Silencing of a Kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor SPIPm2 from Penaeus monodon affects YHV susceptibility and hemocyte homeostasis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:18-27. [PMID: 29729960 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In shrimp, the Kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors (KPIs) are involved in host innate immune defense system against pathogenic microorganisms. A five-Kazal-domain SPIPm2 is the most abundant KPIs in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and up-regulated in response to yellow head virus (YHV) infection. In this study, the role of SPIPm2 in YHV infection was investigated. The expression of SPIPm2 in hemocytes, gill and heart from 48-h YHV-infected shrimp was increased. The expression of SPIPm2 in hemocytes was significantly increased after 12 h of infection and gradually increased higher afterwards. Silencing of SPIPm2 by dsRNA interference resulted in the increased expression of different apoptosis-related genes, the increased expression of transcriptional factors of antimicrobial synthesis pathways, the reduction of circulating hemocytes in the shrimp hemolymph, and the increased susceptibility of the silenced shrimp to YHV infection. The activities of caspase-3 and caspase-7 in the hemocytes of SPIPm2-silenced shrimp was also increased by 5.32-fold as compared with those of the control shrimp. The results suggested that the SPIPm2 was involved in the hemocyte homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwattana Visetnan
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suchao Donpudsa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vichien Rimphanitchayakit
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Martins TF, Vasconcelos IM, Silva RGG, Silva FDA, Souza PFN, Varela ALN, Albuquerque LM, Oliveira JTA. A Bowman-Birk Inhibitor from the Seeds of Luetzelburgia auriculata Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Growth by Promoting Severe Cell Membrane Damage. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1497-1507. [PMID: 29927595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a multidrug-resistant bacterium responsible for several cases of hospital-acquired infections, which constitute a global public health problem. The introduction of new healthcare strategies and/or the discovery of molecules capable of inhibiting the growth or killing S. aureus would have a huge impact on the treatment of S. aureus-mediated diseases. Herein, a Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor ( LzaBBI), with strong in vitro antibacterial activity against S. aureus, was purified to homogeneity from Luetzelburgia auriculata seeds. LzaBBI in its native form is a 14.3 kDa protein and has a pI of 4.54, and its NH2-terminal sequence has high identity with other Bowman-Birk inhibitors. LzaBBI showed a mixed-type inhibitory activity against both trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively, and it remained stable after both boiling at 98 °C for 120 min and incubation at various pHs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that LzaBBI disrupted the S. aureus membrane integrity, leading to bacterial death. This study suggests that LzaBBI is a powerful candidate for developing a new antimicrobial to overcome drug resistance toward reducing hospital-acquired infections caused by S. aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago F Martins
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Ilka M Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Rodolpho G G Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Fredy D A Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Pedro F N Souza
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Anna L N Varela
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Louise M Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| | - Jose T A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Plant Defense, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceara (UFC) , Avenida Mister Hull , 60451-970 , Fortaleza , Ceara , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Arolas JL, Goulas T, Cuppari A, Gomis-Rüth FX. Multiple Architectures and Mechanisms of Latency in Metallopeptidase Zymogens. Chem Rev 2018; 118:5581-5597. [PMID: 29775286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metallopeptidases cleave polypeptides bound in the active-site cleft of catalytic domains through a general base/acid mechanism. This involves a solvent molecule bound to a catalytic zinc and general regulation of the mechanism through zymogen-based latency. Sixty reported structures from 11 metallopeptidase families reveal that prosegments, mostly N-terminal of the catalytic domain, block the cleft regardless of their size. Prosegments may be peptides (5-14 residues), which are only structured within the zymogens, or large moieties (<227 residues) of one or two folded domains. While some prosegments globally shield the catalytic domain through a few contacts, others specifically run across the cleft in the same or opposite direction as a substrate, making numerous interactions. Some prosegments block the zinc by replacing the solvent with particular side chains, while others use terminal α-amino or carboxylate groups. Overall, metallopeptidase zymogens employ disparate mechanisms that diverge even within families, which supports that latency is less conserved than catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan L Arolas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Structural Biology Unit ("María-de-Maeztu" Unit of Excellence) , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21 , 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Theodoros Goulas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Structural Biology Unit ("María-de-Maeztu" Unit of Excellence) , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21 , 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Anna Cuppari
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Structural Biology Unit ("María-de-Maeztu" Unit of Excellence) , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21 , 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - F Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Structural Biology Unit ("María-de-Maeztu" Unit of Excellence) , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21 , 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Soares TS, Rodriguez Gonzalez BL, Torquato RJS, Lemos FJA, Costa-da-Silva AL, Capurro Guimarães MDL, Tanaka AS. Functional characterization of a serine protease inhibitor modulated in the infection of the Aedes aegypti with dengue virus. Biochimie 2018; 144:160-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
44
|
Velasques J, Cardoso MH, Abrantes G, Frihling BE, Franco OL, Migliolo L. The rescue of botanical insecticides: A bioinspiration for new niches and needs. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:14-25. [PMID: 29183583 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Crop protection is the basis of plant production and food security. Additionally, there are many efforts focused on increasing defensive mechanisms in order to avoid the damaging effects of insects, which still represent significant losses worldwide. Plants have naturally evolved different mechanisms to discourage herbivory, including chemical barriers such as the induction of defensive proteins and secondary metabolites, some of which have a historical link with bio-farming practices and others that are yet to be used. In the context of global concern regarding health and environmental impacts, which has been translated into political action and restrictions on the use of synthetic pesticides, this review deals with a description of some historical commercial phytochemicals and promising proteinaceous compounds that plants may modulate to defeat insect attacks. We present a broader outlook on molecular structure and mechanisms of action while we discuss possible tools to achieve effective methods for the biological control of pests, either by the formulation of products or by the development of new plant varieties with enhanced chemical defenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannaina Velasques
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Abrantes
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Breno Emanuel Frihling
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Microbial serine protease inhibitors and their therapeutic applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1373-1387. [PMID: 28970170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors, inhibit serine proteases either partially or completely after forming complexes with their respective proteases. Protease actions are significant for many physiological pathways found in living forms and any anomalies may lead to numerous physiological complications. Each cell or organism has its own mechanism for controlling these protease actions. It is often regulated by the action of inhibitors or activators. Among the proteases, serine proteases are the most common that are involved in many life and death processes. Selective inhibitors of physiologically relevant proteases can be used as a lead compound for the drug development. Therefore, it is imperative to identify small peptides and proteins that selectively inhibit serine proteases from various sources. Microbes can be considered as a major source of diverse serine protease inhibitors since they have the prominent and diverse domain in nature. Most of the microbial serine protease inhibitors are intracellular and few are extracellular. Microbes produce protease inhibitors for protection against its own proteases or against other environmental factors. The status and future prospects of microbial serine protease inhibitors and their therapeutic benefits in treating cancer, blood coagulation disorders and viral infections, are reviewed here.
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu P, Andreasen PA, Huang M. Structural Principles in the Development of Cyclic Peptidic Enzyme Inhibitors. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1222-1233. [PMID: 29104489 PMCID: PMC5666521 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes our studies in the development of small cyclic peptides for specifically modulating enzyme activity. Serine proteases share highly similar active sites but perform diverse physiological and pathological functions. From a phage-display peptide library, we isolated two mono-cyclic peptides, upain-1 (CSWRGLENHRMC) and mupain-1 (CPAYSRYLDC), which inhibit the activity of human and murine urokinase-type plasminogen activators (huPA and muPA) with Ki values in the micromolar or sub-micromolar range, respectively. The following affinity maturations significantly enhanced the potencies of the two peptides, 10-fold and >250-fold for upain-1 and mupain-1, respectively. The most potent muPA inhibitor has a potency (Ki = 2 nM) and specificity comparable to mono-clonal antibodies. Furthermore, we also found an unusual feature of mupain-1 that its inhibitory potency can be enhanced by increasing the flexibility, which challenges the traditional viewpoint that higher rigidity leading to higher affinity. Moreover, by changing a few key residues, we converted mupain-1 from a uPA inhibitor to inhibitors of other serine proteases, including plasma kallikrein (PK) and coagulation factor XIa (fXIa). PK and fXIa inhibitors showed Ki values in the low nanomolar range and high specificity. Our studies demonstrate the versatility of small cyclic peptides to engineer inhibitory potency against serine proteases and to provide a new strategy for generating peptide inhibitors of serine proteases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Peter A Andreasen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Mingdong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China.,College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Goulas T, Garcia-Ferrer I, Marrero A, Marino-Puertas L, Duquerroy S, Gomis-Rüth FX. Structural and functional insight into pan-endopeptidase inhibition by α2-macroglobulins. Biol Chem 2017; 398:975-994. [PMID: 28253193 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptidases must be exquisitely regulated to prevent erroneous cleavage and one control is provided by protein inhibitors. These are usually specific for particular peptidases or families and sterically block the active-site cleft of target enzymes using lock-and-key mechanisms. In contrast, members of the +1400-residue multi-domain α2-macroglobulin inhibitor family (α2Ms) are directed against a broad spectrum of endopeptidases of disparate specificities and catalytic types, and they inhibit their targets without disturbing their active sites. This is achieved by irreversible trap mechanisms resulting from large conformational rearrangement upon cleavage in a promiscuous bait region through the prey endopeptidase. After decades of research, high-resolution structural details of these mechanisms have begun to emerge for tetrameric and monomeric α2Ms, which use 'Venus-flytrap' and 'snap-trap' mechanisms, respectively. In the former, represented by archetypal human α2M, inhibition is exerted through physical entrapment in a large cage, in which preys are still active against small substrates and inhibitors that can enter the cage through several apertures. In the latter, represented by a bacterial α2M from Escherichia coli, covalent linkage and steric hindrance of the prey inhibit activity, but only against very large substrates.
Collapse
|
48
|
Blisnick AA, Foulon T, Bonnet SI. Serine Protease Inhibitors in Ticks: An Overview of Their Role in Tick Biology and Tick-Borne Pathogen Transmission. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:199. [PMID: 28589099 PMCID: PMC5438962 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
New tick and tick-borne pathogen control approaches that are both environmentally sustainable and which provide broad protection are urgently needed. Their development, however, will rely on a greater understanding of tick biology, tick-pathogen, and tick-host interactions. The recent advances in new generation technologies to study genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes has resulted in a plethora of tick biomacromolecular studies. Among these, many enzyme inhibitors have been described, notably serine protease inhibitors (SPIs), whose importance in various tick biological processes is only just beginning to be fully appreciated. Among the multiple active substances secreted during tick feeding, SPIs have been shown to be directly involved in regulation of inflammation, blood clotting, wound healing, vasoconstriction and the modulation of host defense mechanisms. In light of these activities, several SPIs were examined and were experimentally confirmed to facilitate tick pathogen transmission. In addition, to prevent coagulation of the ingested blood meal within the tick alimentary canal, SPIs are also involved in blood digestion and nutrient extraction from the meal. The presence of SPIs in tick hemocytes and their involvement in tick innate immune defenses have also been demonstrated, as well as their implication in hemolymph coagulation and egg development. Considering the involvement of SPIs in multiple crucial aspects of tick-host-pathogen interactions, as well as in various aspects of the tick parasitic lifestyle, these molecules represent highly suitable and attractive targets for the development of effective tick control strategies. Here we review the current knowledge regarding this class of inhibitors in tick biology and tick-borne pathogen transmission, and their potential as targets for future tick control trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thierry Foulon
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Biogenèse des Signaux Peptidiques, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Boros E, Szabó A, Zboray K, Héja D, Pál G, Sahin-Tóth M. Overlapping Specificity of Duplicated Human Pancreatic Elastase 3 Isoforms and Archetypal Porcine Elastase 1 Provides Clues to Evolution of Digestive Enzymes. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:2690-2702. [PMID: 28062577 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.770560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chymotrypsin-like elastases (CELAs) are pancreatic serine proteinases that digest dietary proteins. CELAs are typically expressed in multiple isoforms that can vary among different species. The human pancreas does not express CELA1 but secretes two CELA3 isoforms, CELA3A and CELA3B. The reasons for the CELA3 duplication and the substrate preferences of the duplicated isoforms are unclear. Here, we tested whether CELA3A and CELA3B evolved unique substrate specificities to compensate for the loss of CELA1. We constructed a phage library displaying variants of the substrate-like Schistocerca gregaria proteinase inhibitor 2 (SGPI-2) to select reversible high affinity inhibitors of human CELA3A, CELA3B, and porcine CELA1. Based on the reactive loop sequences of the phage display-selected inhibitors, we recombinantly expressed and purified 12 SGPI-2 variants and determined their binding affinities. We found that the primary specificity of CELA3A, CELA3B, and CELA1 was similar; all preferred aliphatic side chains at the so-called P1 position, the amino acid residue located directly N-terminal to the scissile peptide bond. P1 Met was an interesting exception that was preferred by CELA1 but weakly recognized by the CELA3 isoforms. The extended substrate specificity of CELA3A and CELA3B was comparable, whereas CELA1 exhibited unique interactions at several subsites. These observations indicated that the CELA1 and CELA3 paralogs have some different but also overlapping specificities and that the duplicated CELA3A and CELA3B isoforms did not evolve distinct substrate preferences. Thus, increased gene dosage rather than specificity divergence of the CELA3 isoforms may compensate for the loss of CELA1 digestive activity in the human pancreas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Boros
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary and.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - András Szabó
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Katalin Zboray
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary and
| | - Dávid Héja
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary and
| | - Gábor Pál
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1117, Hungary and
| | - Miklós Sahin-Tóth
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 .,the Center for Exocrine Disorders
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dietrich MA, Słowińska M, Karol H, Adamek M, Steinhagen D, Hejmej A, Bilińska B, Ciereszko A. Serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 2 is expressed in the male reproductive tract of carp with a possible role in antimicrobial protection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 60:150-163. [PMID: 27867114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The presence of the low-molecular-mass serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type (Spink) is a characteristic feature of vertebrate semen. Its main function is control of the serine protease in the acrosome, acrosin. Here we showed for the first time that Spink is present in the seminal plasma of carp, which have anacrosomal spermatozoa. Using a three-step isolation procedure that consisted in gel filtration and RP-HPLC and re-RP-HPLC, we isolated this inhibitor and identified it as serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 2 (Spink2), a reproductive-derived member of the Spink family. The cDNA sequence of this inhibitor obtained from carp testis encoded 77 amino acids, including a 17 amino acids signal peptide; this sequence was distinct from fish Kazal-type inhibitors. The mRNA expression analysis showed that Spink2 is expressed predominantly in carp testis and spermatic duct. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated its localization in testis in Sertoli, Leydig and germ cells at all developmental stages (with the exception of spermatozoa) and in the epithelium of the spermatic duct. Aside from strong inhibition of trypsin, this inhibitor acts strongly against subtilisin and possesses bacteriostatic activities against Lactobacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila. The localization of Spink2 in carp reproductive tract suggests an important function in spermatogenesis and in maintenance of the microenvironment in which sperm maturation occurs and sperm are stored. Our results suggest that Spink2 from carp seminal plasma may play a role in antibacterial semen defense, protecting semen against unwanted proteolysis within the reproductive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariola A Dietrich
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Mariola Słowińska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Halina Karol
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhagen
- Fish Disease Research Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|