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Brewton RA, Lapointe BE. Eutrophication leads to food web enrichment and a lack of connectivity in a highly impacted urban lagoon. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115441. [PMID: 37683393 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) loading can affect estuarine food webs through alteration of primary producers. In the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida there has been long-term N enrichment, worsening phytoplankton blooms, large-scale macroalgal blooms, and catastrophic seagrass losses. To investigate how N enrichment affects higher trophic levels and food webs in the IRL, nutrient availability was compared to primary producer and faunal stable N (δ15N) isotope values. Seawater samples were collected in the IRL for dissolved nutrient, chlorophyll-a, and particulate organic matter δ15N analyses. Macrophytes and fauna were also collected for δ15N analyses. Throughout the IRL, N was elevated but was highest in the northern IRL and Banana River Lagoon. δ15N was enriched in these segments for most samples to levels characteristic of human-waste impacted estuaries. Variability in δ15N among lagoon segments suggests a low level of trophic connectivity. Decreasing N loading to the IRL and other eutrophic estuaries may help improve resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Brewton
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US-1, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA.
| | - Brian E Lapointe
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US-1, Fort Pierce, Florida 34946, USA
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2
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Lane-Medeiros L, Puppin-Gonçalves CT, Angelini R, Lira AS, Lucena-Frédou F, Freire FAM. Macroalgal blooms affect the food web of tropical coastal ecosystems impacted by fisheries. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 184:105858. [PMID: 36630747 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgal bloom events have been frequent in recent years. Eutrophication and overexploitation fishing may favor blooms through nutrient availability and capturing top predators. We aim to investigate the drivers of the macroalgae blooms and their consequences on the food web of the two tropical coastal ecosystems: Porto do Mangue (with high macroalgae production) and Baía Formosa (control environment, without macroalgae), both exploited by artisanal fisheries in northeastern Brazil. The food webs are modeled using the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) approach. Our results suggest that fishing did not favor macroalgae blooms but rather the high concentration of nutrients added to the semi-arid conditions. Furthermore, the macroalgae bloom showed low trophic impact, so much of their biomass is transferred into detritus. However, when it decomposes, this accumulation of matter alters the structure and functioning of the ecosystem, affecting its main fish resources: shrimp and piscivorous fish. Investigating blooms is key to management.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lane-Medeiros
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Crustáceos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DBZ, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DECOL, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil.
| | - C T Puppin-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Crustáceos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DBZ, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil
| | - R Angelini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DECOL, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil; Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), CTec, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil
| | - A S Lira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Av. Marechal Rondon Jardim s/n - Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão - Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - F Lucena-Frédou
- Laboratório de Estudos de Impactos Antrópicos na Biodiversidade Marinha e Estuarina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), DEPAq, Av. Dom Manuel s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - F A M Freire
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Crustáceos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DBZ, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), DECOL, Campus Universitário s/n, Natal, RN, 59098-970, Brazil
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3
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Zhao Y, Wang Z, Chen M, Huang X, Luo Z. Effects of nitrogen to phosphorus ratios on algal growth and arsenate metabolism by Microcystis aeruginosa with dissolved organic phosphorus and nitrate as nutrients. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Mayol E, Boada J, Pérez M, Sanmartí N, Minguito-Frutos M, Arthur R, Alcoverro T, Alonso D, Romero J. Understanding the depth limit of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa as a critical transition: Field and modeling evidence. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 182:105765. [PMID: 36252284 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Changes in light and sediment conditions can sometimes trigger abrupt regime shifts in seagrass meadows resulting in dramatic and unexpected die-offs of seagrass. Light attenuates rapidly with depth, and in seagrass systems with non-linear behaviours, can serve as a sharp boundary beyond which the meadow transitions to bare sand. Determining system behaviour is therefore essential to ensuring resilience is maintained and to prevent stubborn critical ecosystem transitions caused by declines in water quality. Here we combined field and modelling studies to explore the transition from meadow to bare sand in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa at the limit of its depth distribution in a shallow, light-limited bay. We first describe the relationship between light availability and seagrass density along a depth gradient in an extensive unfragmented meadow (Alfacs bay, NE Spain). We then develop a simple mechanistic model to characterise system behaviour. In the field, we identified sharp decline in shoot density beyond a threshold of ∼1.9 m depth, shifting from a vegetated state to bare sand. The dynamic population model we developed assumes light-dependent growth and an inverse density-dependent mortality due to facilitation between shoots (mortality rate decreases as shoot density increases). The model closely tracked our empirical observations, and both the model and the field data showed signs of bistability. This strongly suggests that the depth limit of C. nodosa is a critical transition driven by photosynthetic light requirements. While the mechanisms still need to be confirmed with experimental evidence, recognizing the non-linear behaviour of C. nodosa meadows is vital not only in improving our understanding of light effects on seagrass dynamics, but also in managing shallow-water meadows. Given the shallow threshold (<2m), light-limited systems may experience significant and recalcitrant meadow retractions with even small changes in sediment and light conditions. Understanding the processes underlying meadow resilience can inform the maintenance and restoration of meadows worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mayol
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA-CSIC), Carrer Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Spain.
| | - Jordi Boada
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Marta Pérez
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Sanmartí
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Minguito-Frutos
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Rohan Arthur
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain; Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311 Amritha, 12th Cross, Vijayanagara 1st Stage, Mysore, 570017, India
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain; Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311 Amritha, 12th Cross, Vijayanagara 1st Stage, Mysore, 570017, India
| | - David Alonso
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Javier Romero
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Luo Z, Wang Z, Liu A, Yan Y, Wu Y, Zhang X. New insights into toxic effects of arsenate on four Microcystis species under different phosphorus regimes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44460-44469. [PMID: 32770468 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Very little information is available on the stressed growth of Microcystis imposed by arsenate (As(V)) under different phosphorus (P) regimes. In this study, we examined the growth characteristics and arsenic transformation of four Microcystis species exposed under As(V) with two P sources involving dissolved inorganic phosphorus (IP) and organophosphate (D-glucose-6-phosphate disodium salt, GP). Results showed that all the four chosen Microcystis species could grow and reproduce with GP as the only P source, and the difference was insignificant when compared with IP. From optical density (OD), chlorophyll a (Chla), and actual quantum yield (Yield), the tolerance to As(V) of the chosen species was following as FACHB 905 > FACHB 1028 > FACHB 1334 > FACHB 912. Specifically, the 96 h EC50 of As(V) for FACHB 905 in IP was approx. 4 orders of magnitude higher than that in GP, but for other three algal species, the 96 h EC50 values were similar under the two given different P conditions. Furthermore, all antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide dismutase (POD), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and metalloproteinase (MTs) in algal cells were significantly increased in GP conditions. Moreover, the enzyme activities of AKP, GSTs, and MTs were inhibited with increasing As(V) levels under both IP and GP conditions. In addition, arsenite (As(III)) and methylated As of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylthioarsinic acid (DMA) were found in FACHB 912 and FACHB 1334 media, indicating that these Microcystis could detoxify As(V) by As biotransformation under IP and GP conditions. Specifically, As(V) reduction was elevated in media of FACHB 1334 and FACHB 905, but was decreased in media of FACHB 912 under GP conditions. Our results highlight the different P sources that impact the toxic effects of arsenate exposure on Microcystis and subsequent As biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanxi Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Zhenhong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environment and Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Aifen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environment and Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Yu Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yaqing Wu
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Center of Environmental Emergency Response and Accident Investigation of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210036, China
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6
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Detecting Long Time Changes in Benthic Macroalgal Cover Using Landsat Image Archive. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coastal macroalgae worldwide provide multiple ecological functions and support vital ecosystem services. Thereby, it is important to monitor changes in the extent of benthic macroalgal cover. However, as in situ sampling is costly and time-consuming, areal estimates of macroalgal species cover are often based only on a limited number of samples. This low sampling effort likely yields very biased estimates, as macroalgal communities are often characterized by large spatial variability at multiple spatial scales. Moreover, ecological time series are often short-term, making it impossible to assess changes in algal communities over decades and relate this to different human pressures and/or climate change. The Landsat series satellites have operated for 40 years. In the current study, we tested if the Landsat sensors could be used for mapping the cover of shallow water benthic macroalgae. This study was carried out at two sites in the West Estonian Archipelago, in the northeastern Baltic Sea. Our results show that the Landsat imagery accurately reflected both spatial and temporal variability in benthic algal cover. To conclude, the current methodology can be used to improve the existing assessments of areal macroalgal cover, or to estimate the cover values, in areas and times lacking ecological observations.
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7
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Short-Term Effects of Drying-Rewetting and Long-Term Effects of Nutrient Loading on Periphyton N:P Stoichiometry. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Green L, Fong P. The good, the bad and theUlva: the density dependent role of macroalgal subsidies in influencing diversity and trophic structure of an estuarine community. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Green
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; UCLA; 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Peggy Fong
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; UCLA; 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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9
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Coban O, Kuschk P, Wells NS, Strauch G, Knoeller K. Microbial nitrogen transformation in constructed wetlands treating contaminated groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12829-12839. [PMID: 25233917 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pathways of ammonium (NH4 (+)) removal were investigated using the stable isotope approach in constructed wetlands (CWs). We investigated and compared several types of CWs: planted horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF), unplanted HSSF, and floating plant root mat (FPRM), including spatial and seasonal variations. Plant presence was the key factor influencing efficiency of NH4 (+) removal in all CWs, what was illustrated by lower NH4 (+)-N removal by the unplanted HSSF CW in comparison with planted CWs. No statistically significant differences in NH4 (+) removal efficiencies between seasons were detected. Even though plant uptake accounted for 32-100 % of NH4 (+) removal during spring and summer in planted CWs, throughout the year, most of NH4 (+) was removed via simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, what was clearly shown by linear increase of δ(15)N-NH4 (+) with decrease of loads along the flow path and absence of nitrate (NO3 (-)) accumulation. Average yearly enrichment factor for nitrification was -7.9 ‰ for planted HSSF CW and -5.8 ‰ for FPRM. Lack of enrichment for δ(15)N-NO3 (-) implied that other processes, such as nitrification and mineralization were superimposed on denitrification and makes the stable isotope approach unsuitable for the estimation of denitrification in the systems obtaining NH4 (+) rich inflow water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Coban
- Department of Catchment Hydrology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany,
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10
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Lü C, He J, Wang B, Zhou B, Wang W, Fan M. Environmental geochemistry of dissolved and biogenic silicon and its nutrient limitation effects in an inland lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:11137-11147. [PMID: 25794579 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) processing and retention play a key role in nutrients biogeochemistry cycling in aquatic environment. In order to interpret the possibility of Si limitation, multivariate analysis was performed based on stoichiometric nutrients balance, distribution characteristics of dissolved silicon (DSi) and biogenic silica (BSi), adsorption behavior, and response relation of BSi with paleoenvironment in water-sediment system of Lake Daihai. The spatial distributions of DSi and BSi in the water-sediment system indicated that terrigenous inputs (such as the weathering of rock and soil in the drainage basin) was the main sources of Si. Meanwhile, grain sizes of sediments, water hydrogeochemistry, and space competition between diatoms and submergent or emerging plants also played important roles in regulating BSi spatial distributions. The sediments from the lake presented obvious releasing trend of Si at low initial concentrations (≤ 3 mg/L) in adsorption experiments, indicating that the sediments were the source of Si to the overlying water. Furthermore, the good response relation between BSi and paleoenvironment observed in the sediment profiles from Lake Daihai indicated that the main reasons for Si limitation to siliceous plankton were different during different periods. The multi-evidences of distribution characteristics, stoichiometric nutrient balance, adsorption behaviors, and response to paleoenvironment were jointly indicative of Si limitation on the primary production of siliceous plankton in Lake Daihai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Lü
- College of Environment and Resources, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, 010021, China,
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Hessing-Lewis ML, Hacker SD, Menge BA, McConville SO, Henderson J. Are large macroalgal blooms necessarily bad? Nutrient impacts on seagrass in upwelling-influenced estuaries. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 25:1330-1347. [PMID: 26485959 DOI: 10.1890/14-0548.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of nutrient pathways and their resulting ecological interactions can alleviate numerous environmental problems associated with nutrient increases in both natural and managed systems. Although not unique, coastal systems are particularly prone to complex ecological interactions resulting from nutrient inputs from both the land and sea. Nutrient inputs to coastal systems often spur ulvoid macroalgal blooms, with negative consequences for seagrasses, primarily through shading, as well as through changes in local biogeochemistry. We conducted complementary field and mesocosm experiments in an upwelling-influenced estuary, where marine-derived nutrients dominate, to understand the direct and indirect effects of nutrients on the macroalgal-eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) interaction. In the field experiment, we found weak evidence that nutrients and/or macroalgal treatments had a negative effect on eelgrass. However, in the mesocosm experiment, we found that a combination of nutrient and macroalgal treatments led to strongly negative eelgrass responses, primarily via indirect effects associated with macroalgal additions. Together, increased total light attenuation and decreased sediment oxygen levels were associated with larger effects on eelgrass than shading alone, which was evaluated using mimic algae treatments that did not alter sediment redox potential. Nutrient addition in the mesocosms directly affected seagrass density; biomass, and morphology, but not as strongly as macroalgae. We hypothesize that the contrary results from these parallel experiments are a consequence of differences in the hydrodynamics between field and mesocosm settings. We suggest that the high rates of water movement and tidal submersion of our intertidal field experiments alleviated the light reduction and negative biogeochemical changes in the sediment associated with macroalgal canopies, as well as the nutrient effects observed in the mesocosm experiments. Furthermore, adaptation of ulvoids and eelgrass to high, but variable, background nutrient concentrations in upwelling-influenced estuaries may partly explain the venue-specific results reported here. In order to manage critical seagrass habitats, nutrient criteria and macroalgal indicators must consider variability in marine-based nutrient delivery and local physical conditions among estuaries.
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Azevedo LB, van Zelm R, Leuven RSEW, Hendriks AJ, Huijbregts MAJ. Combined ecological risks of nitrogen and phosphorus in European freshwaters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:85-92. [PMID: 25700335 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is a key water quality issue triggered by increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels and potentially posing risks to freshwater biota. We predicted the probability that an invertebrate species within a community assemblage becomes absent due to nutrient stress as the ecological risk (ER) for European lakes and streams subjected to N and P pollution from 1985 to 2011. The ER was calculated as a function of species-specific tolerances to NO3(-) and total P concentrations and water quality monitoring data. Lake and stream ER averaged 50% in the last monitored year (i.e. 2011) and we observed a decrease by 22% and 38% in lake and stream ER (respectively) of river basins since 1985. Additionally, the ER from N stress surpassed that of P in both freshwater systems. The ER can be applied to identify river basins most subjected to eutrophication risks and the main drivers of impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia B Azevedo
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Ecosystem Services and Management Program, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
| | - Rosalie van Zelm
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob S E W Leuven
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Liu P, Wang F, Liu B, Liu X, Xu Q, Yang H. Temporal pattern in the bloom-forming macroalgae Chaetomorpha linum and Ulva pertusa in seagrass beds, Swan Lake lagoon, North China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 89:229-238. [PMID: 25444622 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses that are distributed over a large area of the Swan Lake, Weihai, China, support a productive ecosystem. In recent years, however, frequent macroalgal blooms have changed the ecosystem structure and threatened the seagrasses. To understand the bloom-forming macroalgae we conducted a yearly field survey of Swan Lake. Results indicated that the macroalgae Chaetomorpha linum and Ulva pertusa both exhibited a much higher productivity and attained a greater maximum biomass (of 1712±780gDWm(-)(2) and 1511 ± 555 gDW m(-2), respectively) than was the case for the seagrasses. The mean annual atomic ratios of C/N, C/P and N/P in C. linum were 14.31 ± 4.45, 402.82 ± 130.25, and 28.12±2.08, respectively. The δ(15)N values (11.09 ± 0.91‰ for C. linum; 9.27 ± 2.83‰ for U. pertusa) indicated a land-based source of N enrichment to the macroalgal blooms. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lagoon, particularly near the river mouth, supported the blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xujia Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Technology, Beihai 536000, PR China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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SCHLACHER THOMASA, HARTWIG JENNIFER. Bottom-up control in the benthos of ocean-exposed sandy beaches? AUSTRAL ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2012.02390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Lloret J, Marín A. The contribution of benthic macrofauna to the nutrient filter in coastal lagoons. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:2732-40. [PMID: 21967864 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Human activities in coastal areas have increased the occurrence of eutrophication events, especially in vulnerable ecosystems such as coastal lagoons. Although we have a general knowledge of the consequences of eutrophication in these ecosystems, some efforts need to be made to understand biotic feedbacks that could modify the response of the environment to nutrient enrichment. The plant-mediated 'coastal filter' is one of the main factors that determine lagoonal efficiency in processing excess nutrients. In this context, the present paper examined the relative contribution of benthic macrofauna to the 'coastal filter' of a Mediterranean lagoon. The analysis of macrofaunal assemblages in the Mar Menor lagoon led to a clear differentiation between shallow areas of net nutrient recycling and exportation and deeper areas of net retention. These differences enhance nutrient removal from the water column, thus increasing the ecosystem's resistance to eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Lloret
- Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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van Katwijk MM, van der Welle MEW, Lucassen ECHET, Vonk JA, Christianen MJA, Kiswara W, al Hakim II, Arifin A, Bouma TJ, Roelofs JGM, Lamers LPM. Early warning indicators for river nutrient and sediment loads in tropical seagrass beds: a benchmark from a near-pristine archipelago in Indonesia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:1512-1520. [PMID: 21596394 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In remote, tropical areas human influences increase, potentially threatening pristine seagrass systems. We aim (i) to provide a bench-mark for a near-pristine seagrass system in an archipelago in East Kalimantan, by quantifying a large spectrum of abiotic and biotic properties in seagrass meadows and (ii) to identify early warning indicators for river sediment and nutrient loading, by comparing the seagrass meadow properties over a gradient with varying river influence. Abiotic properties of water column, pore water and sediment were less suitable indicators for increased sediment and nutrient loading than seagrass properties. Seagrass meadows strongly responded to higher sediment and nutrient loads and proximity to the coast by decreasing seagrass cover, standing stock, number of seagrass species, changing species composition and shifts in tissue contents. Our study confirms that nutrient loads are more important than water nutrient concentrations. We identify seagrass system variables that are suitable indicators for sediment and nutrient loading, also in rapid survey scenarios with once-only measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M van Katwijk
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Faculty of Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Antón A, Cebrian J, Heck KL, Duarte CM, Sheehan KL, Miller MEC, Foster CD. Decoupled effects (positive to negative) of nutrient enrichment on ecosystem services. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2011; 21:991-1009. [PMID: 21639061 DOI: 10.1890/09-0841.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is a widespread phenomenon that disrupts natural ecosystems around the globe. Despite the general recognition that ecosystems provide many services and benefits to humans, little effort has been made to address how increasing anthropogenic eutrophication affects those services. We conducted a field experiment to determine the effect of nutrient enrichment on five ecological services provided by a model coastal system, a shallow seagrass community near Mobile Bay, Alabama (USA): (1) the provision of shelter for fauna; (2) the quality of food provided to first-order consumers; (3) quantity of food provision to first-order consumers and O2/CO2 exchange; (4) producer carbon and nitrogen storage, and (5) water clarity. The results showed a severe negative impact on seagrass density and biomass, which greatly reduced the structural complexity of the community and provision of shelter to fauna. Water clarity and the standing stock of producer carbon were reduced in the fertilized area in comparison with the control area. In contrast, nutrient addition did not affect in any consistent way the total quantity of food available for first-order consumers, the net exchange of O2/CO2, or the standing stock of producer nitrogen in the community. The nutritional quality of the food available for first-order consumers increased with fertilization. These results show that the impacts of nutrient enrichment on the services provided by natural systems may be disparate, ranging from negative to positive. These findings suggest that management policies for anthropogenic eutrophication will depend on the specific ecosystem service targeted. In the case of shallow seagrass beds, the loss of biogenic habitat and drastic impacts on commercially important fauna may be sufficiently alarming to warrant rigorous control of coastal eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Antón
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528, USA.
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Carr J, D'Odorico P, McGlathery K, Wiberg P. Stability and bistability of seagrass ecosystems in shallow coastal lagoons: Role of feedbacks with sediment resuspension and light attenuation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jg001103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hou L, Liu M, Yang Y, Ou D, Lin X, Chen H. Biogenic silica in intertidal marsh plants and associated sediments of the Yangtze Estuary. J Environ Sci (China) 2010; 22:374-80. [PMID: 20614779 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic silica (BSi) contents in the marsh plants (Phragmites australis, Scirpus mariqueter and Spartina alterniflora) and associated sediments in Chongming Island eastern intertidal flat of the Yangtze Estuary were determined. The BSi contents in P. australis, S. mariqueter and S. alterniflora varied from 25.78-42.74 mg/g, 5.71-19.53 mg/g and 6.71-8.92 mg/g, respectively. Over the entire growth season, P australis and S. mariqueter were characterized by linear accumulation patterns of BSi. The aboveground biomass (leaves and culms) of the marsh plants generally contained more BSi than underground biomass (roots). BSi contents were relatively higher in dead plant tissues than in live tissues which was probably due to the decomposition and the leaching of labile components of plant tissues such as organic carbon and nitrogen. Comparing with the habitats of S. mariqueter and S. alterniflora, the highest BSi content was recorded in sediments inhabited by P. australis, with an annual average of 15.69 mg/g. Overall, the intertidal marshes in the Yangtze Estuary may act as a net sink of BSi via plant uptake and sedimentary burial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Lloret J, Marín A. The role of benthic macrophytes and their associated macroinvertebrate community in coastal lagoon resistance to eutrophication. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2009; 58:1827-1834. [PMID: 19703693 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is widely recognised as one of the major menaces to coastal environments, particularly enclosed bays and lagoons. Although there is a general understanding of the consequences of eutrophication in these systems, there is a lack of sufficient knowledge concerning biotic feedbacks that influence eutrophication patterns and the resistance capacity of coastal environments. In this paper, the isotope ratios of main producers and consumers of a Mediterranean lagoon were examined in order to elucidate the fate of anthropogenic inputs from the main watercourse flowing into the lagoon. The results of the study of stable isotope data in the Mar Menor lagoon reflected that the whole benthic community plays an important role as a natural 'filter' that removes excess nutrients from the water column and stores them in the sediments, thereby enhancing lagoon resistance to eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Lloret
- Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Sager L. Measuring the trophic status of ponds: relationships between summer rate of periphytic net primary productivity and water physico-chemistry. WATER RESEARCH 2009; 43:1667-1679. [PMID: 19136137 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of the water quality is a major environmental concern and specific method of assessment needs to be addressed for ponds. Among threats on freshwater, eutrophication remains an important and widespread problem. To assess if the trophic state of ponds can be significantly predicted by physico-chemical surrogates, parallel measurements of water physico-chemistry and of summer rates of periphytic net primary productivity (NPP) were performed on a set of nine lowland Swiss ponds representing the whole spectrum of trophic states. The developed methods to measure periphytic NPP on artificial substrates give similar values between the pseudo-replicates and are functional for ponds. The winter concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in the water is a significant predictor of the average summer rates of NPP while in submerged macrophyte beds total phosphorus (TP) is a better predictor. Rates of NPP measured in open water were most often higher and water transparency lower than in macrophyte beds, highlighting the positive influence of macrophytes on water quality and a possible co-occurrence in a pond of contrasting conditions when submerged species are present. This emphasizes the importance of maintaining or restoring submerged macrophyte stands in ponds to improve the water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Sager
- Laboratory of Ecology and Aquatic Biology (LEBA), University of Geneva, Chemin des Clochettes 18, CH-1206 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Wu AP, Cao T, Wu SK, Ni LY, Xie P. Trends of superoxide dismutase and soluble protein of aquatic plants in lakes of different trophic levels in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 51:414-422. [PMID: 19341409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A limnological study was carried out to determine the responses of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and soluble protein (SP) contents of 11 common aquatic plants to eutrophication stress. Field investigation in 12 lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was carried out from March to September 2004. Our results indicated that non-submersed (emergent and floating-leafed) plants and submersed plants showed different responses to eutrophication stress. Both SOD activities of the non-submersed and submersed plants were negatively correlated with their SP contents (P < 0.000 1). SP contents of non-submersed plants were significantly correlated with all nitrogen variables in the water (P < 0.05), whereas SP contents of submersed plants were only significantly correlated with carbon variables as well as ammonium and Secchi depth (SD) in water (P < 0.05). Only SOD activities of submersed plants were decreased with decline of SD in water (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that the decline of SOD activities of submersed plants were mainly caused by light limitation, this showed a coincidence with the decline of macrophytes in eutrophic lakes, which might imply that the antioxidant system of the submersed plants were impaired under eutrophication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ping Wu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Vis C, Cattaneo A, Hudon C. SHIFT FROM CHLOROPHYTES TO CYANOBACTERIA IN BENTHIC MACROALGAE ALONG A GRADIENT OF NITRATE DEPLETION(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2008; 44:38-44. [PMID: 27041038 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00429.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A survey of the spatial distribution of benthic macroalgae in a fluvial lake of the St. Lawrence River (Lake Saint-Pierre, Quebec, Canada) revealed a shift in composition from chlorophytes to cyanobacteria along the flow path of nutrient-rich waters originating from tributaries draining farmlands. The link between this shift and changes in water quality characteristics was investigated by sampling at 10 sites along a 15 km transect. Conductivity, current, light extinction, total phosphorus (TP; >25 μg P · L(-1) ), and ammonium (8-21 μg N · L(-1) ) remained fairly constant along the transect in contrast to nitrate concentrations, which fell sharply. Filamentous and colonial chlorophytes [Cladophora sp. and Hydrodictyon reticulatum (L.) Bory] dominated in the first 5 km where nitrate concentrations were >240 μg N · L(-1) . A mixed assemblage of chlorophytes and cyanobacteria characterized a 1 km transition zone where nitrate decreased to 40-80 μg N · L(-1) . In the last section of the transect, nitrate concentrations dropped below 10 μg N · L(-1) , and cyanobacteria (benthic filamentous mats of Lyngbya wollei Farl. ex Gomont and epiphytic colonies of Gloeotrichia) dominated the benthic community. The predominance of nitrogen-fixing, potentially toxic cyanobacteria likely resulted from excessive nutrient loads and may affect nutrient and trophic dynamics in the river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Vis
- Water Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, CanadaDépartement des Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, CanadaWater Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Antonella Cattaneo
- Water Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, CanadaDépartement des Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, CanadaWater Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Christiane Hudon
- Water Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, CanadaDépartement des Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, CanadaWater Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec, H2Y 2E7, Canada
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Spatial Analysis of Production by Macrophytes, Phytoplankton and Epiphyton in a Large River System under Different Water-Level Conditions. Ecosystems 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cannac M, Ferrat L, Pergent-Martini C, Pergent G, Pasqualini V. Effects of fish farming on flavonoids in Posidonia oceanica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2006; 370:91-8. [PMID: 16890273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This work is a first approach to flavonoid responses (total proanthocyanidins and total and simple flavonols) in Posidonia oceanica in function of nutrient enrichment (aquaculture activities - fish farming), in the western Mediterranean Sea (Calvi-Corsica-France). The first result is the presence of total and simple flavonoids in P. oceanica. The second result shows an increase in total proanthocyanidin and total flavonol concentrations near cages, which would be linked to the high grazing pressure induced by meadow enrichment. Concerning simple flavonols, only quercetin shows a response to fish farming, which could be due to its strong antioxidant capacity. The presence of fish farming, which causes variations in environmental parameters, could affect the functioning of P. oceanica meadows. Flavonoid concentrations in P. oceanica seem to be a possible bioindicator of nutrient enrichment for the management of the littoral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Cannac
- University of Corsica, Faculty of Sciences, Equipe Ecosystèmes Littoraux, BP 52, 20250 Corte, France
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Vadeboncoeur Y, Kalff J, Christoffersen K, Jeppesen E. Substratum as a driver of variation in periphyton chlorophyll and productivity in lakes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[379:saadov]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Liess A, Olsson J, Quevedo M, Eklöv P, Vrede T, Hillebrand H. Food web complexity affects stoichiometric and trophic interactions. OIKOS 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vadeboncoeur Y, McCann KS, Zanden MJV, Rasmussen JB. Effects of Multi-chain Omnivory on the Strength of Trophic Control in Lakes. Ecosystems 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-003-0149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sundbäck K, McGlathery K. Interactions between benthic macroalgal and microalgal mats. COASTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/ce060p0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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d'Oultremont T, Gutierrez AP. A multitrophic model of a rice-fish agroecosystem: I. A tropical fishpond food web. Ecol Modell 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3800(02)00129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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VADEBONCOEUR YVONNE, VANDER ZANDEN MJAKE, LODGE DAVIDM. Putting the Lake Back Together: Reintegrating Benthic Pathways into Lake Food Web Models. Bioscience 2002. [DOI: 10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0044:ptlbtr]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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