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Tavvabi-Kashani N, Hasanpour M, Baradaran Rahimi V, Vahdati-Mashhadian N, Askari VR. Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in Eugenol's potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review. Toxicon 2024; 238:107607. [PMID: 38191032 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The active biological phytochemicals, crucial compounds employed in creating hundreds of medications, are derived from valuable and medicinally significant plants. These phytochemicals offer excellent protection from various illnesses, including inflammatory disorders and chronic conditions caused by oxidative stress. A phenolic monoterpenoid known as eugenol (EUG), it is typically found in the essential oils of many plant species from the Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, and Lauraceae families. One of the main ingredients of clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum (L.), Myrtaceae), it has several applications in industry, including flavoring food, pharmaceutics, dentistry, agriculture, and cosmeceuticals. Due to its excellent potential for avoiding many chronic illnesses, it has lately attracted attention. EUG has been classified as a nonmutant, generally acknowledged as a safe (GRAS) chemical by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to the existing research, EUG possesses notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and apoptosis-promoting properties, which have lately gained attention for its ability to control chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial malfunction and dramatically impact human wellness. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the scientific evidence from the most significant research studies that have been published regarding the protective role and detoxifying effects of EUG against a wide range of toxins, including biological and chemical toxins, as well as different drugs and pesticides that produce a variety of toxicities, throughout view of the possible advantages of EUG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Tavvabi-Kashani
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Naser Vahdati-Mashhadian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Allspice, anise, fennel-derived and related flavoring ingredients. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113643. [PMID: 36739890 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The FEMA Expert Panel program to re-evaluate the safety of natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavoring ingredients in food has resulted in the publication of an updated constituent-based procedure as well as publications on the safety evaluation of many botanical-derived NFCs. This publication, ninth in the series and related to the ninth publication, describes the affirmation of the generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status for NFCs with propenylhydroxybenzene and allylalkoxybenzene constituents under their conditions of intended use as flavoring ingredients added to food. The Panel's procedure applies the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept and evaluates relevant data on absorption, metabolism, genotoxic potential and toxicology for the NFCs themselves and their respective constituent congeneric groups. For NFCs containing allylalkoxybenzene constituent(s) with suspected genotoxic potential, the estimated intake of the individual constituent is compared to the TTC for compounds with structural alerts for genotoxicity and if exceeded, a margin of exposure is calculated using BMDL10 values derived from benchmark dose analyses using Bayesian model averaging, as presented in the tenth article of the series. Safety evaluations for NFCs derived from allspice, anise seed, star anise, sweet fennel seed and pimento leaves were conducted and their GRAS status was affirmed for use as flavoring ingredients. The scope of the safety evaluation contained herein does not include added use in dietary supplements or any products other than food.
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3
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Nabawy A, Makabenta JM, Schmidt-Malan S, Park J, Li CH, Huang R, Fedeli S, Chattopadhyay AN, Patel R, Rotello VM. Dual antimicrobial-loaded biodegradable nanoemulsions for synergistic treatment of wound biofilms. J Control Release 2022; 347:379-388. [PMID: 35550914 PMCID: PMC11060603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wound biofilm infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria constitute a major threat to public health; acquired resistance combined with resistance associated with the biofilm phenotype makes combatting these infections challenging. Biodegradable polymeric nanoemulsions that encapsulate two hydrophobic antimicrobial agents (eugenol and triclosan) (TE-BNEs) as a strategy to combat chronic wound infections are reported here. The cationic nanoemulsions efficiently penetrate and accumulate in biofilms, synergistically eradicating MDR bacterial biofilms, including persister cells. Notably, the nanoemulsion platform displays excellent biocompatibility and delays emergence of resistance to triclosan. The TE-BNEs are active in an in vivo murine model of mature MDR wound biofilm infections, with 99% bacterial elimination. The efficacy of this system coupled with prevention of emergence of bacterial resistance highlight the potential of this combination platform to treat MDR wound biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Jessa Marie Makabenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Suzannah Schmidt-Malan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America.
| | - Jungmi Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Aritra Nath Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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4
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Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D, Bruze M, Burton GA, Buschmann J, Cancellieri MA, Dagli ML, Date M, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Kumar M, Lapczynski A, Lavelle M, Lee I, Liebler DC, Moustakas H, Na M, Penning TM, Ritacco G, Romine J, Sadekar N, Schultz TW, Selechnik D, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y, Tokura Y. RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, CAS Registry Number 7786-61-0. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 161 Suppl 1:112872. [PMID: 35183652 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D Belsito
- Member Expert Panel, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - D Botelho
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Bruze
- Member Expert Panel, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo, SE, 20502, Sweden
| | - G A Burton
- Member Expert Panel, School of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Michigan, Dana Building G110, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 58109, USA
| | - J Buschmann
- Member Expert Panel, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - M A Cancellieri
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M L Dagli
- Member Expert Panel, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, CEP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - M Date
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - W Dekant
- Member Expert Panel, University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Deodhar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - A D Fryer
- Member Expert Panel, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - L Jones
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - K Joshi
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Kumar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - A Lapczynski
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Lavelle
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - I Lee
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D C Liebler
- Member Expert Panel, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0146, USA
| | - H Moustakas
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Na
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - T M Penning
- Member of Expert Panel, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, 1316 Biomedical Research Building (BRB) II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3083, USA
| | - G Ritacco
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - J Romine
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - N Sadekar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - T W Schultz
- Member Expert Panel, The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996- 4500, USA
| | - D Selechnik
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - F Siddiqi
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - I G Sipes
- Member Expert Panel, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5050, USA
| | - G Sullivan
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA.
| | - Y Thakkar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - Y Tokura
- Member Expert Panel, The Journal of Dermatological Science (JDS), Editor-in-Chief, Professor and Chairman, Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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5
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Ramdani N, Zaimeche H, Derradji M. Biobased thermally-stable aromatic cyanate ester thermosets: A review. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Samadi-Noshahr Z, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Hadjzadeh MAR, Shafei MN, Salmani H, Hosseinian S, Khajavi-Rad A. trans-Anethole attenuated renal injury and reduced expressions of angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) and TGF-β in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochimie 2021; 185:117-127. [PMID: 33771655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process in diabetic nephropathy that causes renal failure and dysfunction. Given the known anti-diabetic effects of trans-Anethole (TA), we aimed to investigate its renoprotective and anti-fibrotic effect alone and in combination with losartan in diabetic nephropathy. Male Wistar rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) for diabetes induction. Diabetic rats were treated orally with saline, TA (80 mg/kg), losartan (Los; 10 mg/kg), or the combination of TA and losartan (TA-Los) daily for five weeks. Renal function was monitored during the study, and renal fibrosis, oxidative stress markers, apoptotic cells, and the expression and localization of AT1R, TGF-β1, and Col-IV were detected in the kidney. Results showed that TA alone and in combination with losartan was able to decrease blood glucose, urea, and creatinine levels and improve kidney function parameters. TA, Los, and TA-Los significantly reduced tubule vascular degeneration, glomerular and tubulointerstitial sclerosis, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cells. Immunohistochemistry analyses showed that TA, losartan, and TA-losartan combination downregulated the AT1R, Col IV, and TGF-β1 expression and distribution in diabetic rat kidneys. Results suggest that TA is able to suppress diabetic nephropathy in rats effectively, probably by decreasing blood glucose levels and downregulating AT1R and TGF-β1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Samadi-Noshahr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mosa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Salmani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseinian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Khajavi-Rad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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7
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Dąbrowska M, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Kwiatkowski P, Łopusiewicz Ł, Pruss A, Kostek M, Kochan E, Sienkiewicz M. Inhibitory Effect of Eugenol and trans-Anethole Alone and in Combination with Antifungal Medicines on Candida albicans Clinical Isolates. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000843. [PMID: 33711200 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common pathogens among yeasts is Candida albicans, which presents a serious health threat. The study aimed to check the antifungal properties of trans-anethole and eugenol with selected antifungal medicines (AMs) against C. albicans clinical isolates. The checkerboard method was used to tests of interactions between these compounds. Achieved results indicated that eugenol showed synergistic and additive activities with miconazole and econazole against investigated clinical isolates, respectively. Moreover, the combination - trans-anethole - miconazole also showed an additive effect against two clinical isolate. We tried to relate the results to changes in C. albicans cell sheaths under the influence of essential oils compounds (EOCs) performing the Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis to confirm the presence of particular chemical moieties in C. albicans cells. Nevertheless, no strong relationships was observed between synergistic and additive actions of used EOC-AMs combinations and chemical moieties in C. albicans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dąbrowska
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 Str., 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hanna Zielińska-Bliźniewska
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 Str., 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łopusiewicz
- Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agata Pruss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72 Powstańców Wielkopolskich Avenue, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kostek
- Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kochan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151, Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Sienkiewicz
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 Str., 90-752, Lodz, Poland
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8
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Serra DS, Araujo RS, Oliveira MLM, Cavalcante FSA, Leal-Cardoso JH. Lung injury caused by occupational exposure to particles from the industrial combustion of cashew nut shells: a mice model. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:1-11. [PMID: 32048551 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1726269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cashew nut shells (CNS) is already used in the energy matrix of some industries. However, it is necessary to know the harmful health effects generated by exposure to pollutants of its combustion, especially in the workers exposed to industrial pollutants. In addition, it is known that the incidence of asthma grows among workers in industries, and due to its previously reported biological effects of anethole, these will also be objects of the present study. We used 64 Balb/C mice, randomly divided into eight groups. Groups were sensitized and challenged with saline or ovalbumin, then subjected to intranasal instillation of 30 µg PM4.0 (occupational exposure) from the combustion of CNS or saline, and then were subsequently treated with oral anethole 300 mg/kg or 0.1% Tween 80. Our results serve as a starting point for the development of public policies for the prevention of diseases in workers that are exposed to the pollutants coming from industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Serra
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - R S Araujo
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Federal Institute of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M L M Oliveira
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - F S A Cavalcante
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - J H Leal-Cardoso
- Ceará, Institute of Biomedical Sciences State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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López-Romero D, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Morales-González JA, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Chamorro-Cevallos G, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Betanzos-Cabrera G, Alvarez-Gonzalez I, Morales-González Á, Madrigal-Santillán E. Evidence of Some Natural Products with Antigenotoxic Effects. Part 2: Plants, Vegetables, and Natural Resin. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1954. [PMID: 30544726 PMCID: PMC6316078 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The agents capable of causing damage to genetic material are known as genotoxins and, according to their mode of action, are classified into mutagens, carcinogens, or teratogens. Genotoxins are also involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic degenerative diseases, including hepatic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders; diabetes; arthritis; cancer; chronic inflammation; and ageing. In recent decades, researchers have found novel bioactive phytocompounds able to counteract the effects of physical and chemical mutagens. Several studies have shown the antigenotoxic potential of different fruits and plants (Part 1). In this review (Part 2), we present a research overview conducted on some plants and vegetables (spirulina, broccoli, chamomile, cocoa, ginger, laurel, marigold, roselle, and rosemary), which are frequently consumed by humans. In addition, an analysis of some phytochemicals extracted from those vegetables and the analysis of a resin (propolis),whose antigenotoxic power has been demonstrated in various tests, including the Ames assay, sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus, and comet assay, was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David López-Romero
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hgo, Mexico.
| | - Jeannett A Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hgo, Mexico.
| | - José Antonio Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas". Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Wilfrido Massieu. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Germán Chamorro-Cevallos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Wilfrido Massieu. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hgo, Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hgo, Mexico.
| | - Isela Alvarez-Gonzalez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Wilfrido Massieu. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos". Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz. Col., Lindavista, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, "Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas". Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico.
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10
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Neuroprotective Effect of Anethole Against Neuropathic Pain Induced by Chronic Constriction Injury of the Sciatic Nerve in Mice. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2404-2422. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Bal S, Yadav A, Verma N, Aggarwal NK, Gupta R. Protective role of eugenol on arsenic induced oxidative DNA damage and modulatory effect of GSTO2 polymorphism. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Bal
- Department of Biotechnology; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Neha Verma
- Department of Biotechnology; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Neeraj K. Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
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12
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Bal S, Yadav A, Verma N, Gupta R, Aggarwal NK. Shielding effect of anethole against arsenic induced genotoxicity in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes and effect of GSTO1 polymorphism. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:232. [PMID: 29725571 PMCID: PMC5928012 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of inorganic arsenic compounds is responsible for the manifestation of various tumours as well as other diseases. The principal mechanism behind arsenic toxicity is the induction of a strong oxidative stress with production of free radicals in cells. The present study was aimed to explore the shielding effect of anethole against oxidative damage induced by arsenic in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes and the effect of GSTO1 polymorphism. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, comet tail moment and lipid peroxidation levels were used as biomarkers to assess the oxidative damage. Heparinised venous blood was collected from healthy individuals and treated with sodium arsenite (50 µM) in the presence of anethole (25 and 50 µM) for the analysis of shielding effect of anethole. For the genotyping of GSTO1, PCR RFLP method was adopted. A significant dose-dependent increase in the frequency of SCEs, tail moment and lipid peroxidation levels, was observed when lymphocytes were treated with sodium arsenite. Anethole in combination with sodium arsenite has shown a dose-dependent significant decrease in the frequency of SCEs, tail moment and lipid peroxidation levels. Genetic polymorphism of GSTO1 was found to effect individual susceptibility towards arsenic-mediated genotoxicity and was found insignificant when antigenotoxic effect of anethole was considered. GSTO1 mutant genotypes were found to have significant higher genotoxicity of sodium arsenite as compared to wild-type genotype. The results of the present study suggest ameliorative effects of anethole against arsenic-mediated genotoxic damage in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes. A significant effect of GSTO1 polymorphism was observed on genotoxicity of sodium arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Bal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Neha Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Neeraj K. Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
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13
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Sisakhtnezhad S, Heidari M, Bidmeshkipour A. Eugenol enhances proliferation and migration of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 57:166-174. [PMID: 29277003 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have received considerable attention in regenerative medicine during the past decade. Eugenol is a natural and versatile vegetable molecule, which has a wide variety of therapeutic effects. Although different biological and pharmaceutical functions of Eugenol are well known, its effect on MSCs has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study was focused on investigating the effect of Eugenol on the proliferation and migration of bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs in vitro. To do so, BM-MSCs were isolated from 4 to 8 weeks old NMRI mice. Cytotoxicity of Eugenol on MSCs was evaluated by MTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. In addition, its effect was assessed on the proliferation and migration of MSCs using wound healing assay in vitro and quantitative gene expression analysis for Oct4, Sox2, Cyclin-D1, Rex1, Tex10, Cxcr4, Vla4 and c-Met. Results showed that Eugenol reduced the number of MSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The median inhibition concentration of Eugenol on MSCs was 400 μg/ml at 24 and 48 h and 200 μg/ml at 72 h after treatment. Moreover, about 90% viability of MSCs was detected at concentrations ≤12.5 μg/ml. The wound healing assay and gene expression analysis demonstrated that Eugenol promoted the migratory potential of MSCs through up-regulation of c-Met. Moreover, Eugenol has enhanced the proliferation of MSCs via over-expression of Sox2, Rex1 and Tex10. In conclusion, this study revealed that Eugenol enhances the proliferation and migration of MSCs, and thus this will be beneficial to the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojdeh Heidari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Bidmeshkipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
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14
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Levorato S, Dominici L, Fatigoni C, Zadra C, Pagiotti R, Moretti M, Villarini M. In vitro toxicity evaluation of estragole-containing preparations derived from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel) on HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:616-622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Bezerra DP, Militão GCG, de Morais MC, de Sousa DP. The Dual Antioxidant/Prooxidant Effect of Eugenol and Its Action in Cancer Development and Treatment. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121367. [PMID: 29258206 PMCID: PMC5748817 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during metabolism is a normal process usually compensated for by the antioxidant defense system of an organism. However, ROS can cause oxidative damage and have been proposed to be the main cause of age-related clinical complications and diseases such as cancer. In recent decades, the relationship between diet and cancer has been more studied, especially with foods containing antioxidant compounds. Eugenol is a natural compound widely found in many aromatic plant species, spices and foods and is used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Eugenol has a dual effect on oxidative stress, which can action as an antioxidant or prooxidant agent. In addition, it has anti-carcinogenic, cytotoxic and antitumor properties. Considering the importance of eugenol in the area of food and human health, in this review, we discuss the role of eugenol on redox status and its potential use in the treatment and prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pereira Bezerra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil.
| | | | - Mayara Castro de Morais
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Paraíba, Brazil.
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16
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Ben Soumane Y, Loughzail M, Baouid A, El Hadrami EM, Ben Tama A, Driss M. 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-phenyl-3- p-tolyl-1 H-pyrazole. IUCRDATA 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314617016261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, C24H22N2O, crystallizes with two independent molecules (AandB) in the asymmetric unit. The phenyl,p-tolyl andp-methoxyphenyl rings are inclined to the pyrazole ring by 42.5 (2), 17.68 (19) and 52.20 (19)°, respectively, in moleculeA, and by 39.5 (2), 40.77 (19) and 59.76 (18)°, respectively, in moleculeB. In the asymmetric unit, the pyrarole ring of moleculeAmakes a dihedral angle of 3.7 (2)° with that of moleculeB. In the crystal, the two independent molecules are linked to each other by a C—H...O hydrogen bond.
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17
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Kwiatkowski P, Mnichowska-Polanowska M, Pruss A, Masiuk H, Dzięcioł M, Giedrys-Kalemba S, Sienkiewicz M. The effect of fennel essential oil in combination with antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from carriers. Burns 2017; 43:1544-1551. [PMID: 28917968 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An increase in the number of staphylococcal infections and carriers among medical staff has forced us to seek more and more effective antibacterial agents. Bacteria from the Staphylococcus genus possessing different mechanisms of resistance are the cause of nosocomial infections. The objective of our investigations was susceptibility of S. aureus strains isolated from nasal vestibule of medical students to fennel essential oil. The GC-MS analysis of fennel essential oil revealed eleven constituents among which a majority of trans-anethole (80%) was found. The D-tests showed iMLSB (80%), cMLSB and MSB (10%) resistant phenotypes of S. aureus. The S. aureus isolates were intermediate to mupirocin (45%). Fennel essential oil increased the inhibition zone around cefoxitin, mupirocin, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin with statistical significance. Our research showed that the fennel essential oil in combination with mupirocin may be considered as a natural alternative in eradication of S. aureus with iMLSB, cMLSB, MSB resistant phenotypes and is able to decrease the growth rate of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Agata Pruss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Helena Masiuk
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dzięcioł
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Monika Sienkiewicz
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, 2nd Chair of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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18
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Brú J, Guzman JD. Folk medicine, phytochemistry and pharmacological application of Piper marginatum. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Polyphenols are a widely used class of compounds in dermatology. While phenol itself, the most basic member of the phenol family, is chemically synthesized, most polyphenolic compounds are found in plants and form part of their defense mechanism against decomposition. Polyphenolic compounds, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans, play an integral role in preventing the attack on plants by bacteria and fungi, as well as serving as cross-links in plant polymers. There is also mounting evidence that polyphenolic compounds play an important role in human health as well. One of the most important benefits, which puts them in the spotlight of current studies, is their antitumor profile. Some of these polyphenolic compounds have already presented promising results in either in vitro or in vivo studies for non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma. These compounds act on several biomolecular pathways including cell division cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis. Indeed, such natural compounds may be of potential for both preventive and therapeutic fields of cancer. This review evaluates the existing scientific literature in order to provide support for new research opportunities using polyphenolic compounds in oncodermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Costa
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael Yi Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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20
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Ben Soumane Y, Baouid A, El Hadrami EM, El Ammari L, Saadi M, Berraho M. (4 S,5 R)-3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazole. IUCRDATA 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314616010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, C23H21ClN2O, was obtainedviathe condensation oftransanethole [systematic name: (E)-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene] with diarylnitrilimine. In the molecule, the pyrazole ring adopts a twisted conformation. Dihedral angles between the pyrazole group and the three aromatic subunits (chlorophenyl, methoxyphenyl and phenyl) are 9.44 (14), 83.14 (1) and 20.86 (15)°, respectively. In the crystal, no classic hydrogen bonds are found; however C—H...π interactions link the molecules into chains parallel to thecaxis.
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21
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Koriem KMM, Arbid MS, El-Gendy NF. The Protective Role of Anise Oil in Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Produced in Favism. J Diet Suppl 2016; 13:505-21. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2015.1119775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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22
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In-syringe reversed dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the evaluation of three important bioactive compounds of basil, tarragon and fennel in human plasma and urine samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:123-134. [PMID: 26802527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, an efficient and environmental friendly method (called in-syringe reversed dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IS-R-DLLME)) was developed to extract three important components (i.e. para-anisaldehyde, trans-anethole and its isomer estragole) simultaneously in different plant extracts (basil, fennel and tarragon), human plasma and urine samples prior their determination using high-performance liquid chromatography. The importance of choosing these plant extracts as samples is emanating from the dual roles of their bioactive compounds (trans-anethole and estragole), which can alter positively or negatively different cellular processes, and necessity to a simple and efficient method for extraction and sensitive determination of these compounds in the mentioned samples. Under the optimum conditions (including extraction solvent: 120 μL of n-octanol; dispersive solvent: 600 μL of acetone; collecting solvent: 1000 μL of acetone, sample pH 3; with no salt), limits of detection (LODs), linear dynamic ranges (LDRs) and recoveries (R) were 79-81 ng mL(-1), 0.26-6.9 μg mL(-1) and 94.1-99.9%, respectively. The obtained results showed that the IS-R-DLLME was a simple, fast and sensitive method with low level consumption of extraction solvent which provides high recovery under the optimum conditions. The present method was applied to investigate the absorption amounts of the mentioned analytes through the determination of the analytes before (in the plant extracts) and after (in the human plasma and urine samples) the consumption which can determine the toxicity levels of the analytes (on the basis of their dosages) in the extracts.
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23
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Api AM, Belsito D, Bhatia S, Bruze M, Calow P, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Fryer AD, Kromidas L, La Cava S, Lalko JF, Lapczynski A, Liebler DC, Miyachi Y, Politano VT, Ritacco G, Salvito D, Schultz TW, Shen J, Sipes IG, Wall B, Wilcox DK. RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, Eugenol, CAS Registry Number 97-53-0. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 97S:S25-S37. [PMID: 26702986 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of this material under current use conditions is supported by the existing information. This material was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization potential, as well as, environmental safety. Reproductive toxicity was determined to have the most conservative systemic exposure derived NO[A]EL of 230 mg/kg/day. A gavage multigenerational continuous breeding study conducted in rats on a suitable read across analog resulted in a MOE of 12,105 while considering 22.6% absorption from skin contact and 100% from inhalation. A MOE of >100 is deemed acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA.
| | - D Belsito
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - S Bhatia
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - M Bruze
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo SE-20502, Sweden
| | - P Calow
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - M L Dagli
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - W Dekant
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - A D Fryer
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Oregon Health Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - L Kromidas
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - S La Cava
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - J F Lalko
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - A Lapczynski
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D C Liebler
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - V T Politano
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - G Ritacco
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D Salvito
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - T W Schultz
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996-4500, USA
| | - J Shen
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - I G Sipes
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ 85724-5050, USA
| | - B Wall
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D K Wilcox
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
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24
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Abraham SK, Khandelwal N, Hintzsche H, Stopper H. Antigenotoxic effects of resveratrol: assessment of in vitro and in vivo response. Mutagenesis 2015; 31:27-33. [PMID: 26152226 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were performed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo dose response for antigenotoxic effects of resveratrol (RES). For the in vitro study, HL-60 cells were co-treated with the test genotoxin and three concentrations of RES. Thereafter, genotoxic effects were assessed in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test. Results of the in vitro experiments using genotoxins nitroquinoline-1-oxide (NQO) and mitomycin C (MMC) showed maximum inhibition of genotoxicity with the lowest test concentration of RES. The mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay was used for evaluating the in vivo antigenotoxic effects of RES against genotoxins diepoxybutane (DEB), MMC, methyl methanesulfonate and procarbazine (PCB). The experimental animals received RES pre-treatment by gavage 30min, 24 and 48h before injecting the genotoxin intraperitoneally. The in vivo studies demonstrated efficacy of the lowest test dose of RES for exerting maximum protection against chromosomal damage induced by all four genotoxins. The antigenotoxic effect observed with 6.25mg/kg RES was significantly higher than that of 100mg/kg RES against PCB and DEB. In conclusion, the findings from the present study indicate that lower test concentrations/doses of RES are more effective in exerting antigenotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henning Hintzsche
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg 97078, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Porto MDP, da Silva GN, Luperini BCO, Bachiega TF, de Castro Marcondes JP, Sforcin JM, Salvadori DMF. Citral and eugenol modulate DNA damage and pro-inflammatory mediator genes in murine peritoneal macrophages. Mol Biol Rep 2015; 41:7043-51. [PMID: 25103019 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Citral and eugenol have been broadly studied because of their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic potentials. In this study, the effects of citral (25, 50 and 100 µg/mL) and eugenol (0.31, 0.62, 1.24 and 2.48 µg/mL) on the expression (RT-PCR) of the pro-inflammatory mediator genes NF-κB1, COX-2 and TNF-α were evaluated in mouse peritoneal macrophages with or without activation by a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, the genotoxic potentials of two compounds and their capacities to modulate the DNA damage induced by doxorubicin (DXR) were investigated using the comet assay. The data revealed that neither citral nor eugenol changed COX-2, NF-κB1 or TNF-α expression in resting macrophages. However, in LPS-activated cells, citral induced the hypoexpression of COX-2 (100 µg/mL) and TNF-α (50 and 100 µg/mL). Hypoexpression of TNF-α was also detected after cellular exposure to eugenol at the highest concentration (2.48 µg/mL). Both compounds exhibited genotoxic potential (citral at 50 and 100 µg/mL and eugenol at all concentrations) but also showed chemopreventive effects, in various treatment protocols. Both citral and eugenol might modulate inflammatory processes and DXR-induced DNA damage, but the use of these compounds must be viewed with caution because they are also able to induce primary DNA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia de Paula Porto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, 18618-000, Brazil,
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26
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Trans-anethole, a terpenoid ameliorates hyperglycemia by regulating key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Biochimie 2015; 112:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Rajabi M, Ghanbari H, Barfi B, Asghari A, Haji-Esfandiari S. Ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted surfactant-emulsified microextraction for simultaneous determination of three important flavoring compounds in plant extracts and urine samples. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Lin X, Ni Y, Kokot S. Electrochemical mechanism of eugenol at a Cu doped gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode and its analytical application in food samples. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Silva DS, Barboza B, Garcia AC, Oliveira BD, Estevam CS, Neto VA, Santos AL, Dias AS, Scher R, Pantaleao SM. Investigation of protective effects of Erythrina velutina extract against MMS induced damages in the root meristem cells of Allium cepa. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2013005000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Mastan M, Prasad UV, Parthasarathy PR. Protective effect ofBacopa monniera L. on cytarabine induced biochemical changes in chick embryo. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 22:122-7. [PMID: 23105665 DOI: 10.1007/bf02912894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacopa monniera, a medicinal plant distributed throughout India. Cytosine arabinoside (1-β-arabinofuranosylcytosine; Ara-C) is the most important antimetabolite chemotherapeutic drug used for acute leukemia. In this study we examined the chemoprotective property of an ethanolic extract of Bacopa monniera on biochemical changes in chick embryo. CA caused biochemical changes in a concentration and time dependent manner in amniotic fluid, liver and heart tissues. Ethanolic extract of BM given to chick embryo at doses of 2, 4, 6 mg per egg. There is significant decrease in biochemical levels of glucose, protein, urea, uric acid, creatinine and inorganic phosphorus. Enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and malatedehydrogenase were also decreased with dose dependent manner in amniotic fluid, liver and heart tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mastan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, 517 502 Tirupati, A.P. India
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Ponte EL, Sousa PL, Rocha MV, Soares PM, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Leal-Cardoso JH, Assreuy AM. Comparative study of the anti-edematogenic effects of anethole and estragole. Pharmacol Rep 2012; 64:984-90. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Kamatou GP, Vermaak I, Viljoen AM. Eugenol--from the remote Maluku Islands to the international market place: a review of a remarkable and versatile molecule. Molecules 2012; 17:6953-81. [PMID: 22728369 PMCID: PMC6268661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17066953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol is a major volatile constituent of clove essential oil obtained through hydrodistillation of mainly Eugenia caryophyllata (=Syzygium aromaticum) buds and leaves. It is a remarkably versatile molecule incorporated as a functional ingredient in numerous products and has found application in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, fragrance, flavour, cosmetic and various other industries. Its vast range of pharmacological activities has been well-researched and includes antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-oxidant and anticancer activities, amongst others. In addition, it is widely used in agricultural applications to protect foods from micro-organisms during storage, which might have an effect on human health, and as a pesticide and fumigant. As a functional ingredient, it is included in many dental preparations and it has also been shown to enhance skin permeation of various drugs. Eugenol is considered safe as a food additive but due to the wide range of different applications, extensive use and availability of clove oil, it is pertinent to discuss the general toxicity with special reference to contact dermatitis. This review summarises the pharmacological, agricultural and other applications of eugenol with specific emphasis on mechanism of action as well as toxicity data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alvaro M. Viljoen
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +27-12-382-6360; Fax: +27-12-382-6243
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Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E. Antiproliferative and molecular mechanism of eugenol-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Molecules 2012; 17:6290-304. [PMID: 22634840 PMCID: PMC6268974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17066290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic phytochemicals are a broad class of nutraceuticals found in plants which have been extensively researched by scientists for their health-promoting potential. One such a compound which has been comprehensively used is eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), which is the active component of Syzigium aromaticum (cloves). Aromatic plants like nutmeg, basil, cinnamon and bay leaves also contain eugenol. Eugenol has a wide range of applications like perfumeries, flavorings, essential oils and in medicine as a local antiseptic and anesthetic. Increasing volumes of literature showed eugenol possesses antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Molecular mechanism of eugenol-induced apoptosis in melanoma, skin tumors, osteosarcoma, leukemia, gastric and mast cells has been well documented. This review article will highlight the antiproliferative activity and molecular mechanism of the eugenol induced apoptosis against the cancer cells and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Kumar Jaganathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, PSNA college of Engineering and Technology, Kothandaraman Nagar, Dindigul 624622, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- Department of Clinical science and Engineering, University Technology Malaysia, Johor bahru 81310, Malaysia;
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Beneficial Health Effects of Bioactive Compounds Present in Spices and Aromatic Herbs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59514-0.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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35
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Fouad AA, Yacoubi MT. Mechanisms underlying the protective effect of eugenol in rats with acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:821-8. [PMID: 21656368 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of eugenol and its possible mechanisms were investigated in rats with acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Cardiac toxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (20 mg/kg). Eugenol treatment (5 mg/kg/day, orally) was started 2 days before doxorubicin administration and continued for five consecutive days. Eugenol significantly reduced the elevated serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and restored the electrocardiographic disturbances resulted from doxorubicin administration. Also, eugenol reversed doxorubicin-induced deficits in the antioxidant defense mechanisms, decreased lipid peroxidation and attenuated the elevations in cytosolic Ca(2+) and nitric oxide levels in cardiac tissue. In addition, doxorubicin-induced cardiac tissue damage observed by histopathological examination was markedly ameliorated with eugenol. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that eugenol prevented the doxorubicin-induced activation of caspase-3 in cardiomyocytes. The cardioprotective effect afforded by eugenol was not significantly inhibited by prior administration of capsazepine, the transient potential vanilloid receptor-1 antagonist. It was concluded that eugenol, through its antioxidant activity and its ability to reduce cardiac Ca(2+) accumulation and nitric oxide levels, is a potential candidate to protect against acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity, a major and dose-limiting clinical problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Ahsa, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
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36
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Pal D, Banerjee S, Mukherjee S, Roy A, Panda CK, Das S. Eugenol restricts DMBA croton oil induced skin carcinogenesis in mice: Downregulation of c-Myc and H-ras, and activation of p53 dependent apoptotic pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2010; 59:31-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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37
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Yogalakshmi B, Viswanathan P, Anuradha CV. Investigation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and DNA-protective properties of eugenol in thioacetamide-induced liver injury in rats. Toxicology 2009; 268:204-12. [PMID: 20036707 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the preventive effect of eugenol, a naturally occurring food flavouring agent on thioacetamide (TA)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Adult male Wistar rats of body weight 150-180 g were used for the study. Eugenol (10.7 mg/kg b.w./day) was administered to rats by oral intubation for 15 days. TA was administered (300 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) for the last 2 days at 24h interval and the rats were sacrificed on the 16th day. Markers of liver injury (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and bilirubin), inflammation (myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6), oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation indices, protein carbonyl and antioxidant status) and cytochrome P4502E1 activity were assessed. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the extent of DNA damage were analyzed using immunoblotting and comet assay, respectively. Liver injury and collagen accumulation were assessed using histological studies by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining. Rats exposed to TA alone showed increased activities of hepatocellular enzymes in plasma, lipid peroxidation indices, inflammatory markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased antioxidant status in circulation and liver. Hepatic injury and necrosis were also evidenced by histology. Eugenol pretreatment prevented liver injury by decreasing CYP2E1 activity, lipid peroxidation indices, protein oxidation and inflammatory markers and by improving the antioxidant status. Single-cell gel electrophoresis revealed that eugenol pretreatment prevented DNA strand break induced by TA. Increased expression of COX-2 gene induced by TA was also abolished by eugenol. These findings suggest that eugenol curtails the toxic effects of TA in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskaran Yogalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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38
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Buyukleyla M, Rencuzogullari E. The effects of thymol on sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberration and micronucleus in human lymphocytes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:943-947. [PMID: 19046601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxic effects of thymol were investigated in human peripheral lymphocytes treated with 25, 50, 75, and 100 microg/ml concentrations of thymol for 24 and 48h treatment periods by using sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosome aberration (CA), and micronucleus (MN) tests. Nuclear division index (NDI), replication index (RI), and mitotic index (MI) were also calculated in order to determine the cytotoxicity of thymol. Thymol significantly increased the SCE, especially at the lower concentrations. Thymol also increased the SCE at the highest concentrations without statistical significance. Thymol induced both the structural CA and frequency of MN at all concentrations. Thymol dose-dependently decreased the NDI for two treatment periods. Thymol decreased the RI for the 24h treatment time without any statistical significance. However, thymol decreased the RI for the 48h treatment time in a dose-dependent manner. Thymol also decreased the MI at the higher concentration without dose-dependent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Buyukleyla
- Department of Biology, Natural and Applied Science Institute, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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39
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Azirak S, Rencuzogullari E. The in vivo genotoxic effects of carvacrol and thymol in rat bone marrow cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2008; 23:728-735. [PMID: 18361405 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo genotoxic effects of carvacrol and thymol in bone marrow cells of rats. In the present study, both carvacrol (10, 30, 50, and 70 mg/kg b.w.) and thymol (40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg b.w.) significantly induced the structural and total chromosome abnormalities (CA) for all treatment periods (6, 12, and 24 h) when compared with control in bone marrow cells of rats intraperitonally administered. Both carvacrol and thymol showed similar effects with the positive control urethane on induction of the percentage of structural and total CA at the highest concentrations except the effects of carvacrol for 6 h treatment (70 mg/kg b.w. and 100 mg/kg b.w., respectively). In addition, carvacrol induced the numerical CA at all concentrations when compared to control and at two highest concentrations (50 and 70 mg/kg b.w.) when compared to solvent control. Thymol also induced the numerical CA especially at the highest concentration (100 mg/kg b.w.) for all treatment periods. It was shown that there was a dose-dependent effect on induction of structural, numerical and total CA for both carvacrol and thymol. Carvacrol and thymol decreased the mitotic index (MI) in all the concentrations and treatment times when compared with control. Carvacrol showed the similar effects with EC on decreasing the MI at 70 mg/kg b.w. for 6 h, at 30 and 50 mg/kg b.w. for 12 h and at all concentrations for 24 h treatment periods. Thymol also showed a similar effect with urethane (ethyl carbamate, EC) on decreasing the MI at 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg b.w. for 6 h and at all concentrations for 24 h treatment periods. Test substances decreased the MI in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebile Azirak
- Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Natural and Applied Science Institute, 01330, Adana, Turkey
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40
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dos Santos PE, Egito LCM, de Medeiros SRB, Agnez-Lima LF. Genotoxicity induced by Eugenia caryophyllata infusion. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2008; 71:439-444. [PMID: 18306091 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701839232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Several therapeutic properties have been described for Eugenia caryophyllata (clove). In the present study the infusion of E. caryophyllata was evaluated in a series of bacterial and cell-free assays in order to determine genotoxic potential. Negative results were obtained in the SOS chromotest and in the Salmonella reversion assay using strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, and TA102. However, in a forward mutagenesis assay an increase in mutagenesis and high cytotoxicity was observed with the CC104 mutMmutY strain, suggesting that oxidative DNA damage occurred. The treatment of plasmid with clove infusion showed that DNA strand breaks and sites recognized by formamidopyrimidine-DNA-glycosylase (FPG/MutM) were generated. Data suggest that the occurrence of oxidative DNA damage, with low mutagenic potential, may also be involved in the cytotoxicity attributed to clove infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Estevam dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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41
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Park KR, Lee JH, Choi C, Liu KH, Seog DH, Kim YH, Kim DE, Yun CH, Yea SS. Suppression of interleukin-2 gene expression by isoeugenol is mediated through down-regulation of NF-AT and NF-κB. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:1251-8. [PMID: 17630204 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Isoeugenol is a naturally occurring methoxyphenol found in a variety of foods and essential oils. We investigated the effect of isoeugenol on T-cell function and the regulatory mechanism underlying its effect. Isoeugenol and its structural analog eugenol suppressed the lymphoproliferative response to concanavalin A stimulation in B6C3F1 mouse splenocyte cultures. Isoeugenol inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus ionomycin (Io)-induced IL-2 mRNA expression and protein secretion in B6C3F1 mouse splenocytes, and in EL4.IL-2 mouse T-cells, as determined by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. To further characterize the inhibitory mechanism of isoeugenol at the transcriptional level, we examined the DNA binding activity of the transcription factors for IL-2 using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Isoeugenol decreased the binding activity of NF-AT and NF-kappaB in PMA/Io-stimulated EL4.IL-2 cells, but no significant effect was observed for AP-1 or Oct binding activity. Western blot analysis showed that isoeugenol also decreased the nuclear translocation of cytoplasmic NF-AT and NF-kappaB. These results suggest that isoeugenol suppresses IL-2 production through a decrease of IL-2 mRNA expression and that the inhibition is mediated, at least in part, through the down-regulation of NF-AT and NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ran Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inje University, 633-165 Gaegum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
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42
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Han EH, Hwang YP, Jeong TC, Lee SS, Shin JG, Jeong HG. Eugenol inhibit 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced genotoxicity in MCF-7 cells: Bifunctional effects on CYP1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:749-56. [PMID: 17275817 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Typically, chemopreventive agents either inhibit the cytochrome P450s (CYPs) that are essential for the metabolism of carcinogens or induce phase II detoxifying enzymes. This study examined the chemopreventive effect of eugenol on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced DNA damage in MCF-7 cells. Eugenol inhibited the formation of the DMBA-DNA adduct in a dose dependent manner. CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 activity, which catalyze the biotransformation of DMBA, were strongly inhibited by eugenol. Eugenol also suppressed the CYP1A induction by DMBA through decreased aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation and subsequent DNA binding. Furthermore, eugenol increased the expression and activity of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (QR), a major detoxifying enzyme for DMBA, through NF-E2 related factor2 binding to antioxidant response element in QR gene. Therefore, eugenol has a potent protective effect against DMBA-induced genotoxicity, presumably through the suppression of the DMBA activation and the induction of its detoxification. These results suggest that eugenol has potential as a chemopreventive.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/analogs & derivatives
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/genetics
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/metabolism
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1
- DNA Adducts/drug effects
- DNA Damage
- Eugenol/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Microsomes/drug effects
- Microsomes/enzymology
- NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/drug effects
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Han
- BK21 Project Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-dong, Kwangju 501-759, South Korea
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43
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Vijayan V, Helen A. Protective activity ofBacopa monniera Linn. on nicotine-induced toxicity in mice. Phytother Res 2007; 21:378-81. [PMID: 17236174 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine, a pharmacologically active component of cigarettes smoke causes devastating effects in important biomolecules of the cell through generation of free radicals leading to genomic instability. Bacopa monniera is a reputed drug in Ayurveda known for its hepatoprotective and DNA protective effects. In this study, an aqueous extract of Bacopa monniera (BAE, 50 mg/kg i.p.) was investigated for its ability to reduce nicotine-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) and confer genoprotection in Swiss mice. Genoprotective effect was assayed using micronucleus (MN) assay. LPO status was studied by evaluating MDA levels and antioxidant status. Nicotine altered hepatic function as evident by increased ALP and GST levels and decreased SOD, catalase and GPx activities. BAE treatment restored antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, catalase and GPx in liver. BAE treatment also significantly reduced the frequency of micronuclei induced by nicotine by decreasing the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE). Hepatic GSH, ALP and GST levels were brought to normal values indicating protection. The results of the present study suggest that BAE exerts protective effects by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viji Vijayan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, India
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44
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Yea SS, Jeong HS, Choi CY, Park KR, Oh S, Shin JG, Yun CH. Inhibitory effect of anethole on T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production through down-regulation of the NF-AT and AP-1. Toxicol In Vitro 2006; 20:1098-105. [PMID: 16531003 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2005] [Revised: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Anethole is a naturally occurring alkenylbenzene found in a variety of foods and essential oils. In the present study, we investigated the effect of anethole on T-cell function and the regulatory mechanism of its effect. Direct addition of anethole to B6C3F1 mouse splenocyte cultures produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of the lymphoproliferative response to concanavalin A stimulation. Anethole inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus ionomycin (Io)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA expression and protein secretion in EL4 mouse T-cells as determined by quantitative/competitive RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. To further characterize the mechanism for the transcriptional regulation of IL-2, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed to evaluate the binding activity of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT), activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and octamer binding protein (Oct) in PMA/Io-stimulated EL4 cells. Anethole decreased the NF-AT and AP-1 binding activity, but no significant effect was observed on NF-kappaB or Oct binding activity. These results suggest that anethole suppress T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production and that the inhibition is mediated, at least in part, through the down-regulation of NF-AT and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Su Yea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inje University, 633-165 Gaegum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Tiku AB, Abraham SK, Kale RK. Eugenol as an in vivo radioprotective agent. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2004; 45:435-440. [PMID: 15613789 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.45.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, an attempt has been made to evaluate the possible in vivo radioprotection by eugenol. Swiss albino mice were administered different doses of eugenol (75,150 and 300 mg/kg) before exposure to 1.5 Gy of gamma radiation. The micronucleus test was carried out to determine the genetic damage in bone marrow. Our results demonstrated significant reduction in the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) with all three eugenol doses. Eugenol (150 mg/kg) was also tested against different doses of radiation (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 Gy) and was found to afford significant radioprotection. Reduction in the incidence of MnPCEs could be noticed up to 72 h postirradiation (1.5 Gy). Moreover, the level of peroxidative damage and the specific activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and methylglyoxalase I (Gly I) were observed in the liver of mice treated with eugenol for seven days in comparison to untreated mice. The results revealed that eugenol exerted significant protection against oxidative stress. This possibility was further supported by the enhanced response of Gly I and the lowered activity of LDH. The present findings suggested that eugenol has a radioprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Bhan Tiku
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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46
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Premkumar K, Abraham SK, Santhiya ST, Ramesh A. Protective effect of Spirulina fusiformis on chemical-induced genotoxicity in mice. Fitoterapia 2004; 75:24-31. [PMID: 14693216 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2003.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina fusiformis given by oral route to mice at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1) significantly inhibit the genotoxicity induced by cisplatin and urethane. In addition, a significant reduction in the extent of lipid peroxidation with concomitant increase in the liver enzymatic (GPx, GST, SOD, CAT) and non-enzymatic (reduced glutathione) antioxidants were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Premkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600-113, India.
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