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Ciftel S, Suleyman B, Mammadov R, Coskun R, Coban TA, Mokhtare B, Suleyman H, Cerrah S, Cicek B, Suleyman Z. Adverse effects of metamizole on heart, lung, liver, kidney, and stomach in rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:55. [PMID: 39175070 PMCID: PMC11342507 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metamizole is banned in some countries because of its toxicity, although it is widely used in some European countries. In addition, there is limited information on its safety profile, and it is still debated whether it is toxic to the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, and stomach. AIMS Our study investigated the effects of metamizole on the heart, lung, liver, kidney, and stomach tissues of rats. METHODS Eighteen rats were divided into three groups, wassix healthy (HG), 500 mg/kg metamizole (MT-500), and 1000 mg/kg metamizole (MT-1000). Metamizole was administered orally twice daily for 14 days. Meanwhile, the HG group received pure water orally. Biochemical, histopathologic, and macroscopic examinations were performed on blood samples and tissues. RESULTS Malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the lung and gastric tissues of MT-500 and MT-1000 groups were almost the same as those of the HG (p > 0.05). However, MDA levels in the heart and liver tissues of MT-500 and MT-1000 groups were higher (p < 0.05) compared to the HG, while tGSH levels and SOD, and CAT activities were lower (p < 0.05). MDA levels of MT-500 and MT-1000 groups in the kidney tissue increased the most (p < 0.001), and tGSH levels and SOD and CAT activities decreased the most (p < 0.001) compared to HG. Metamizole did not cause oxidative damage in the lung and gastric tissue. While metamizole did not change troponin levels, it significantly increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels compared to HG. Histopathologically, mild damage was detected in heart tissue, moderate damage in liver tissue, and severe damage in renal tissue. However, no histopathologic damage was found in any groups' lung and gastric tissues. CONCLUSION Metamizole should be used under strict control in patients with cardiac and liver diseases and it would be more appropriate not to use it in patients with renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Ciftel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
| | - Bahadir Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye
| | - Resit Coskun
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye
| | - Taha A Coban
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye
| | - Behzad Mokhtare
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, 21280, Türkiye
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Cerrah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
| | - Betul Cicek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Suleyman
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Türkiye.
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Dos Reis TMP, Aguiar GG, de Azevedo LP, Silva Lima E, André Dellagrana R, Rossato M. Effects of acai supplementation (Euterpe precatoria Mart) on muscle recovery markers after jump protocol. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:580-596. [PMID: 36924018 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2023.2189114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effects of acai supplementation (AS) on markers of muscle damage. Twelve men participated in the 21-day study. All performed the damage protocol (DP) in two moments, separated by 7 days. The DP consisted of 10 sets of 10 CMJs, with a recovery of 1 min between sets. The AS was performed for 7 days with 40 g/day of dehydrated acai (GA) or placebo (GP). Blood parameters (CK, LDH and Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity - TEAC) were evaluated at 0 h and 24 h. Ultrasound images (VL, RF and GM), DOMS in lower limbs and isometric peak torque (IPT) of knee extensors and flexors were evaluated at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after DP. A time-treatment interaction was observed for TEAC (p = 0.01), in which the GA presented increases of 11% after 24 h. Similarly, time-treatment interaction was observed for knee flexors IPT (p = 0.02), where GA showed superior recovery after 24 h (GA = 108 ± 23 vs. GP = 92 ± 24 N∙m) and 72 h (GA = 113 ± 31 vs. GP = 98 ± 26 N∙m). No significance was observed in the fatigue index for knee extensors (p = 0.75) and flexors (p = 0.89), indicating similar fatigue in both situations. We concluded that AS increased the TEAC and promoted faster recovery of the knee flexors IPT when compared to GP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Gomes Aguiar
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Luma Palheta de Azevedo
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Amazonas, FederalUniversity of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Rossato
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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Islam MA, Sehar U, Sultana OF, Mukherjee U, Brownell M, Kshirsagar S, Reddy PH. SuperAgers and centenarians, dynamics of healthy ageing with cognitive resilience. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111936. [PMID: 38657874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Graceful healthy ageing and extended longevity is the most desired goal for human race. The process of ageing is inevitable and has a profound impact on the gradual deterioration of our physiology and health since it triggers the onset of many chronic conditions like dementia, osteoporosis, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. However, some people who lived/live more than 100 years called 'Centenarians" and how do they achieve their extended lifespans are not completely understood. Studying these unknown factors of longevity is important not only to establish a longer human lifespan but also to manage and treat people with shortened lifespans suffering from age-related morbidities. Furthermore, older adults who maintain strong cognitive function are referred to as "SuperAgers" and may be resistant to risk factors linked to cognitive decline. Investigating the mechanisms underlying their cognitive resilience may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies that support the preservation of cognitive function as people age. The key to a long, physically, and cognitively healthy life has been a mystery to scientists for ages. Developments in the medical sciences helps us to a better understanding of human physiological function and greater access to medical care has led us to an increase in life expectancy. Moreover, inheriting favorable genetic traits and adopting a healthy lifestyle play pivotal roles in promoting longer and healthier lives. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful habits such as smoking contribute to overall well-being. The synergy between positive lifestyle choices, access to education, socio-economic factors, environmental determinants and genetic supremacy enhances the potential for a longer and healthier life. Our article aims to examine the factors associated with healthy ageing, particularly focusing on cognitive health in centenarians. We will also be discussing different aspects of ageing including genomic instability, metabolic burden, oxidative stress and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Upasana Mukherjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Malcolm Brownell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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Shkundin A, Halaris A. IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions. J Pers Med 2024; 14:488. [PMID: 38793070 PMCID: PMC11122344 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8), an essential CXC chemokine, significantly influences psychoneuroimmunological processes and affects neurological and psychiatric health. It exerts a profound effect on immune cell activation and brain function, suggesting potential roles in both neuroprotection and neuroinflammation. IL-8 production is stimulated by several factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to promote inflammation and disease progression. Additionally, CXCL8 gene polymorphisms can alter IL-8 production, leading to potential differences in disease susceptibility, progression, and severity across populations. IL-8 levels vary among neuropsychiatric conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to psychosocial stressors and disease severity. IL-8 can be detected in blood circulation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, making it a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum biomarker. This review highlights the need for further research on the diverse effects of IL-8 and the associated implications for personalized medicine. A thorough understanding of its complex role could lead to the development of more effective and personalized treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelos Halaris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA;
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Tunçelli G, Ertik O, Bayrak BB, Memiş D, Yanardag R. Effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on antioxidant and digestive enzymes in juvenile rainbow trout: Implications for nutritional and exercise strategies in aquaculture. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1466. [PMID: 38695249 PMCID: PMC11063918 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on digestion and antioxidant enzyme activities in juvenile rainbow trout (average body weight of 26.54 ± 0.36 g). METHODS The stomach, liver and kidney tissues were obtained from four distinct groups: the static water group (fish were kept in static water and fed to satiation), the feeding restricted group (fish were kept in static water with a 25% feed restriction), the swimming exercised group (fish were forced to swimming at a flow rate of 1 Body Length per second (BL/s)) and the swimming exercised-feed restricted group (subjected to swimming exercise at a 1 BL/s flow rate along with a 25% feed restriction). We determined the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxidation and the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as the presence of reactive oxygen species in the tissues obtained from the fish. Additionally, the activities of pepsin, protease, lipase and arginase in these tissues were measured. RESULTS Swimming activity and feed restriction showed different effects on the enzyme activities of the fish in the experimental groups. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that proper nutrition and exercise positively influence the antioxidant system and enzyme activities in fish, reducing the formation of free radicals. This situation is likely to contribute to the fish's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Tunçelli
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish DiseasesFaculty of Aquatic SciencesIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Onur Ertik
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringIstanbul University‐CerrahpaşaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Bertan Boran Bayrak
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringIstanbul University‐CerrahpaşaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Devrim Memiş
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish DiseasesFaculty of Aquatic SciencesIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringIstanbul University‐CerrahpaşaIstanbulTurkey
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Xu X, Wang Q, Tong P, Li X, Meng X, Wu Y, Yuan J, Chen H, Gao J. Effects of medicine food homologous materials on food allergy-associated factors: intestinal oxidative stress, intestinal inflammation and Th2 immune response. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3936-3946. [PMID: 38268027 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergies could be regulated via Th1/Th2 balance, intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation, which were considered as food allergy-associated factors. Medicine-food homologous materials (MFHM) were considered as a significant factor with respect to preventing human diseases. To evaluate the associations between MFHM and food allergy-associated factors, two types of MFHM with the remarkable function of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, Gardeniae fructus (Gar) and Sophorae glos (Sop), were chosen. RESULTS By constructing an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model of Caco-2 cells and an intestinal inflammatory cell model of Caco-2 cells with tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-13, the contents of anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD and GSH), inflammatory factor (IL-8) and tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, occludin and claudin-1) in Caco-2 cells were determined. Moreover, the anti-allergic effects of digestive Sop and Gar were evaluated by measuring the levels of Th1/Th2/Treg cytokines in the spleen cells of sensitized mice. The results showed that the SOD and GSH were obviously increased and the gene and protein expression of IL-8 and claudin-1 were improved with the incubation of digested Sop. Th2 cytokine was reduced and Th1/Th2 balance was promoted on coincubation with ovalbumin (OVA) and digested Sop in the splenocytes. However, the digested Gar had no effect. CONCLUSION The digested Sop not only had suppressive effects on intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation, but also had regulative effects on Th1/Th2 balance. This finding demonstrated that not all of the MFHM with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects have anti-allergic activities. The present study may be contributing toward establishing a screening model to identify the anti-allergic MFHM. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuanyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science& Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, China
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Thakur N, Thakur N, Kumar A, Thakur VK, Kalia S, Arya V, Kumar A, Kumar S, Kyzas GZ. A critical review on the recent trends of photocatalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant and nanohybrid applications of anatase and rutile TiO2 nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169815. [PMID: 38184262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have become a focal point of research due to their widespread daily use and diverse synthesis methods, including physical, chemical, and environmentally sustainable approaches. These nanoparticles possess unique attributes such as size, shape, and surface functionality, making them particularly intriguing for applications in the biomedical field. The continuous exploration of TiO2 NPs is driven by the quest to enhance their multifunctionality, aiming to create next-generation products with superior performance. Recent research efforts have specifically focused on understanding the anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 NPs and evaluating their potential in various domains, including photocatalytic processes, antibacterial properties, antioxidant effects, and nanohybrid applications. The hypothesis guiding this research is that by exploring different synthesis methods, particularly chemical and environmentally friendly approaches, and incorporating doping and co-doping techniques, the properties of TiO2 NPs can be significantly improved for diverse applications. The study employs a comprehensive approach, investigating the effects of nanoparticle size, shape, dose, and exposure time on performance. The synthesis methods considered encompass both conventional chemical processes and environmentally friendly alternatives, with a focus on how doping and co-doping can enhance the properties of TiO2 NPs. The research unveils valuable insights into the distinct phases of TiO2 NPs and their potential across various applications. It sheds light on the improved properties achieved through doping and co-doping, showcasing advancements in photocatalytic processes, antibacterial efficacy, antioxidant capabilities, and nanohybrid applications. The study concludes by emphasizing regulatory aspects and offering suggestions for product enhancement. It provides recommendations for the reliable application of TiO2 NPs, addressing a comprehensive spectrum of critical aspects in TiO2 NP research and application. Overall, this research contributes to the evolving landscape of TiO2 NP utilization, offering valuable insights for the development of innovative and high-performance products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Thakur
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India.
| | - Nikesh Thakur
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of chemical and metallurgical engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
| | - Susheel Kalia
- Department of Chemistry, ACC Wing (Academic Block) Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249405, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249405, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh 176206, India
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Hephaestus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, International Hellenic University, Kavala, Greece.
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Malan L, Zandberg L, Pienaar C, Nienaber A, Havemann-Nel L. Regular moderate physical activity potentially accelerates and strengthens both the pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediator response after acute exercise stress. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2024; 202:102642. [PMID: 39216411 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The PUFA-derived lipid mediator response shifts from pro-inflammatory to inflammation resolution over time and may be modified by regular moderate exercise. This pre-post-test study aimed to compare the expression of PTGES2 (COX2) and ALOX15 in leucocytes and the plasma 5- and 15-HETE, 18-HEPE and 17-HDHA responses after unaccustomed resistance exercise between 18-35-year-old male recreational runners (n = 18) and less-active controls (n = 15). One repetition maximum (1RM) was determined for squats, 45° leg presses and leg extensions. Subsequently three sets of 8-10 repetitions were performed at 80 % 1RM and blood collected over 72 hours. PTGES2 and ALOX15 expression changed over time in runners (P = 0.016, P = 0.007) but not controls (P = 0.631, P = 0.539). 5- and 15-HETE changed over time in runners (P < 0.001, P = 0.022), but not controls (P = 0.457, P = 0.985). 18-HEPE changed in runners and controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.024), 17-HDHA changed borderline in runners (P = 0.076). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving lipid mediators may respond sooner and more robust in recreational runners than less-active controls after strenuous resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Malan
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Lizelle Zandberg
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Cindy Pienaar
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area (PhASRec), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, South Africa
| | - Arista Nienaber
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Lize Havemann-Nel
- Center of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Ruhee RT, Suzuki K. The Immunomodulatory Effects of Sulforaphane in Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Prospective Nutraceutical. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1790. [PMID: 38339067 PMCID: PMC10855658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is a promising molecule for developing phytopharmaceuticals due to its potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. A plethora of research conducted in vivo and in vitro reported the beneficial effects of SFN intervention and the underlying cellular mechanisms. Since SFN is a newly identified nutraceutical in sports nutrition, only some human studies have been conducted to reflect the effects of SFN intervention in exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. In this review, we briefly discussed the effects of SFN on exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. We discussed human and animal studies that are related to exercise intervention and mentioned the underlying cellular signaling mechanisms. Since SFN could be used as a potential therapeutic agent, we mentioned briefly its synergistic attributes with other potential nutraceuticals that are associated with acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Given its health-promoting effects, SFN could be a prospective nutraceutical at the forefront of sports nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruheea Taskin Ruhee
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
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Çömez M, Cellat M, Kuzu M, Uyar A, Türk E, Kaya YS, Etyemez M, Gökçek İ, Güvenç M. The effect of tyrosol on diclofenac sodium-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23582. [PMID: 37975510 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Although diclofenac (DCF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is considered safe, its chronic use and overdose may show some toxic effects. The protective effect of tyrosol (Tyr) pretreatment against DCF-induced renal damage was investigated in this study. The 32 rats used in the study were randomly divided into four groups of eight rats each. According to the data obtained, it was determined that creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels increased in serum samples of the DCF group. Besides, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased in the kidney tissue. However, no change was observed in catalase (CAT) activity. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Tnf-α) levels increased and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) levels decreased. No change was detected in the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). When the DCF+Tyr group and the DCF group were compared, it was assessed that Tyr had a curative effect on all biochemical parameters. Also, kidney damages, such as degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium and congestion of veins, were obviated by treatment with tyrosol in histopathological examinations. It was determined that Tyr pretreatment provided a protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by DCF with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Çömez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Türk
- Department of Pharmocology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Selim Kaya
- Ministry of Health, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Urology, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey
| | - İshak Gökçek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Zhu Y, Wang K, Jia X, Fu C, Yu H, Wang Y. Antioxidant peptides, the guardian of life from oxidative stress. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:275-364. [PMID: 37621230 DOI: 10.1002/med.21986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during oxidative metabolism in aerobic organisms. Under normal conditions, ROS production and elimination are in a relatively balanced state. However, under internal or external environmental stress, such as high glucose levels or UV radiation, ROS production can increase significantly, leading to oxidative stress. Excess ROS production not only damages biomolecules but is also closely associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as skin photoaging, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant peptides (AOPs) are naturally occurring or artificially designed peptides that can reduce the levels of ROS and other pro-oxidants, thus showing great potential in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. In this review, we discussed ROS production and its role in inducing oxidative stress-related diseases in humans. Additionally, we discussed the sources, mechanism of action, and evaluation methods of AOPs and provided directions for future studies on AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Zhu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Jia
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Science and Technology Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Caili Fu
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haining Yu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Ulug P, Nayki U, Mammadov R, Bulut S, Tastan TB, Coban TA, Suleyman H. Protective Effect of Ramipril Against Oxidant and Proinflammatory Cytokine Damage Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion in Ovarian Tissue in Rats. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:215-222. [PMID: 38218697 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the increase in oxidants and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the decrease in antioxidants, play a role in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ramipril have been studied in various diseases. This study aims to investigate the effect of ramipril on I/R-induced ovarian damage in rats. METHODS Rats were divided into healthy (HG), sham (SG), ovary I/R (OIR), and ramipril + ovary I/R (ROIR) groups (n = 6/each group). One hour before the surgical procedures, ROIR was given 2 mg/kg ramipril. The lower abdomen of the SG, OIR, and ROIR was surgically opened. Right ovarian tissues of OIR and ROIR were subjected to 2 hours of ischemia and 6 hours of reperfusion. Then, all animals were euthanized, and their right ovaries were removed. Ovarian tissues were examined for oxidants (malondialdehyde), antioxidants (total glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase), and proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor kappa-B, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin-6) analysis was performed. Tissues were examined histopathologically. RESULTS The ovarian tissue of the OIR, which underwent the I/R procedure, exhibited a significant increase in oxidant and proinflammatory cytokine levels, along with a decrease in antioxidant levels (P < .001). Ramipril suppressed the I/R-induced increase in oxidants and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the decrease in antioxidants (P < .001). Ramipril also attenuated I/R-induced histopathological damage in ovarian tissue (P < .05). CONCLUSION Ramipril treatment may be a treatment strategy to protect ovarian tissue against oxidative and inflammatory damage of I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasa Ulug
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Umit Nayki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Seval Bulut
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Tugba Bal Tastan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Taha Abdulkadir Coban
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Li W, Lan T, Ding Q, Ren Z, Tang Z, Tang Q, Peng X, Xu Y, Sun Z. Effect of Low Protein Diets Supplemented with Sodium Butyrate, Medium-Chain Fatty Acids, or n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Microbiome of Weaned Piglets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17592. [PMID: 38139420 PMCID: PMC10743886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-protein (LP) diets supplemented with sodium butyrate (SB), medium-chain fatty acids (MCT), or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on the growth performance, immune function, and the microbiome of weaned piglets. A total of 120 healthy weaned piglets ((Landrace × Large White × Duroc); 7.93 ± 0.7 kg initial body weight), were randomly divided into five groups. Each group consisted of six replications with four piglets per replication. Dietary treatments included control diet (CON); LP diet (LP); LP + 0.2% SB diet (LP + SB); LP + 0.2% MCT diet (LP + MCT); and LP + PUFA diet (LP + PUFA). The experimental period lasted for 4 weeks. Compared with the CON diet, LP, LP + SB, LP + MCT, and LP + PUFA diets decreased the final weight and average daily gain (ADG) of piglets (p < 0.05). There were lower (p < 0.05) concentrations of IL-8 and higher (p < 0.05) Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the plasma of piglets fed with LP + SB, LP + MCT, and LP + PUFA diets than those fed with the LP diet. The piglets in the LP + SB and LP + PUFA groups had lower IKK-alpha (IKKa) mRNA expression in the colonic mucosa compared with those in the CON and LP groups (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of TLR4 in the colonic mucosa of piglets in the LP + SB, LP + MCT, and LP + PUFA groups was decreased when compared with the CON and LP groups (p < 0.05). The LP + MCT diets increased the gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the colonic mucosa of piglets compared with CON, LP, and LP + SB diets (p < 0.05). The abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae in the colonic microbiome of piglets in the LP group was higher than that in the other four groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, this study showed that LP diets supplemented with SB, MCT, or n-3 PUFA reduced plasma inflammatory factor levels, increased plasma GSH-Px activity, and declined mRNA expression of TLR4 and IKKa in the colonic epithelium, whereas it reduced the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae in the colon of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhihong Sun
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (W.L.)
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14
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Kaju J, Leelarungrayub J, Natakankitkul S, Laskin JJ. Sweet-type star fruit supplementation controls oxidative stress status and enhances the community walking capacity among elderly Thai. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:446. [PMID: 38082283 PMCID: PMC10714658 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweet-type Star fruit (SF) (Averrhoa carambola L.) is seasonal and more available for purchase in many markets in Thailand, when compared to the sour-type. But, its antioxidant activity results and potentially more modified supplement for elderly health during regular exercise in the community are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and physical capacity from supplementation of sweet-type SF among elderly people performing home walking exercise. METHODS Mixing SF juice with honey industrially prepared the SF product. Its effects on oxidative stress status and physical capacity were studied in four groups; a supplement with walking exercise (n = 11, 67.00 ± 4.17 years), control (n = 12, aged 67.50 ± 5.58 years), supplementation (n = 11, aged 69.63 ± 7.14 years), and walking exercise (n = 12, aged 67.91 ± 4.33 years). Twenty grams or two teaspoons of supplement in warm water (150 mL) was the guideline for consumption twice daily for 4 weeks. In contrast, the walking exercise was prescribed with moderate intensity for 30 min, 3 days per week. Before and after the 4-week period, the oxidative stress status; glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (Vit C), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated. RESULTS Results after the 4-week period, showed that Vit C and TAC increased and the MDA decreased significantly in the supplementation group, except the GSH and 6MWD results. The GSH and Vit C slightly decreased in the walking exercise group, whereas, its TAC, MDA and 6MWD increased significantly. Finally, The GSH and Vit C did not decrease and MDA slightly decreased in the combined group, but, their TAC and 6MWD increased significantly. CONCLUSION Supplementation of the SF product during walking exercise possibly controls oxidative stress status and may enhance walking capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jynwara Kaju
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jirakrit Leelarungrayub
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Surapol Natakankitkul
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - James J Laskin
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Zhou H, Shi X, Yu Y, Yang L, OuYang J, Bian Y, Liu Y, Li G. Puerarin Alleviates Oxidized Oil-Induced Oxidative Injury and Inflammation via Inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathways: An Investigation in a Chicken Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200663. [PMID: 37776050 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Puerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil-induced injury. Here, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of puerarin are described using a chicken model. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 360 broilers are arranged in four treatments. Diets include two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg kg-1 ). Results show that puerarin alleviates oxidized soybean oil-induced hepatic and thymic oxidative injury. This effect is observed by increasing the SOD activity and the expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes and reducing the MDA content in the liver and thymus. Moreover, puerarin supplementation decreases the concentrations and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the liver and thymus. The potential mechanism responsible for this is the decrease in the mRNA or protein levels of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, and p65 in the liver or thymus. Western blotting results indicate that puerarin also decreases the phosphorylation of JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and p38 in the liver and thymus. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates puerarin may be a potential nutrient supplement in the treatment of oxidized oil-induced damage, and the Nrf2/Keap1 and HMGB1/TLR4/MAPK signaling pathways might be its important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yingmei Yu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yinhao Bian
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Guanhong Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Innovation Center of Integration in Production and Education for High-quality and Safe Livestock and Poultry, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
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Nursal AF, Ünver Ş, Yiğit S, Orhan ÖM, Atan T. The evaluation of superoxide dismutase 1 gene insertion/deletion variant in athletes. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20230575. [PMID: 38055452 PMCID: PMC10691368 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular exercise benefits health by increasing the body's antioxidant defenses. However, excessive exercise can produce excessive reactive oxygen species, which can lead to oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase is the primary enzyme involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the SOD1 gene insertion/deletion variant and elite athletes. METHODS A total of 305 subjects, including 165 elite athletes from different branches and 140 sedentary individuals, participated in this study. The SOD1 insertion/deletion variant was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction. The results were evaluated statistically. RESULTS There was no statistical significance between the athletes and control groups in terms of SOD1 insertion/deletion genotype distribution and allele frequency. Then, we evaluated the groups as females and males. There were no female athletes carrying the D/D genotype. The SOD1 I/I genotype and the I allele were more prevalent in female athletes than in the control group. There was a significant difference in terms of SOD1 I/I: I/D+D/D in females (p=0.028). SOD1 genotype and allele distribution did not differ between male athletes and male controls. CONCLUSION As far as we know, this is the first study to evaluate the SOD1 insertion/deletion variant in athletes in Turkey. Our results showed that the SOD1 I allele was more common in female athletes, but not in male athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Feyda Nursal
- Hitit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics – Çorum, Turkey
| | - Şaban Ünver
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Sports Sciences – Samsun, Turkey
| | - Serbülent Yiğit
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Genetics – Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Tülin Atan
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Sports Sciences – Samsun, Turkey
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Bayrakçeken K, Ucgul RK, Coban T, Yazıcı G, Suleyman H. Effect of adenosine triphosphate on amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy in rats: biochemical and histopathological evaluation. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:162-167. [PMID: 37335833 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2227265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate possible preventive effect of ATP on optic nerve damage caused by amiodarone in rats. MATERIAL AND METHOD Thirty albino male Wistar rats weighing between 265 and 278 g were used in the study. Before the experiment, the rats were housed at 22 °C in a 12-h light/dark cycle under appropriate condition. The rats were equally divided into five groups of six animals each: healthy group, 50 mg/kg amiodarone (AMD-50), 100 mg/kg amiodarone (AMD-100), 25 mg/kg ATP + 50 mg/kg amiodarone (ATAD-50), and 25 mg/kg ATP + 100 mg/kg amiodarone (ATAD-100). At the end of 14th day, the animals were sacrificed using cardiac puncture under deep thiopental anaesthesia, and optic nerve tissues were harvested to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (tGSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) levels. RESULTS The MDA levels were found to be significantly higher in the AMD-50 and AMD-100 groups compared to the healthy group (p ˂ 0.001). There was also a significant difference between the AMD-50 and ATAD-50 groups, and between the AMD-100 and ATAD-100 groups regarding MDA levels (p ˂ 0.001). tGSH, SOD, and CAT levels were significantly lower in the AMD-50 and AMD-100 groups compared to the healthy group (p ˂ 0.001). ATP was found to partially inhibit amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy. CONCLUSION The biochemical and histopathological results of this study demonstrated that amiodarone at high doses caused more severe optic neuropathy inducing oxidative damage, but ATP could relatively antagonise these negative effects on the optic nerve. Therefore, we believe that ATP may be beneficial in preventing amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Bayrakçeken
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Rukiye Kilic Ucgul
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Taha Coban
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Gulce Yazıcı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Kshirsagar SR, Kumari M, Bajad SM, Kumar MJM, Saxena S, Kumari SI. Assessment of sub-chronic oral toxicity of Nityanand Rasa: An ayurvedic herbo-metallic formulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116494. [PMID: 37054826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nityananda Rasa (NR) is an ayurvedic herbo-metallic formulation used to treat gout, obesity, hypothyroidism, elephantiasis, and other diseases. However, its safety is a concern owing to the use of heavy metals like mercury and arsenic. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the sub-chronic oral toxicity of NR on albino wistar rats for safety evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The male and female albino wistar rats were administered a daily dose of 30 (low), 300 (medium) and 600 (high) mg/kg BW/day of NR for 90-day period. The body weight and feed consumption were monitored once a week. After 90 days, blood and vital organs were harvested for genotoxicity, hematology, biochemistry, histopathology, gene expression and the biodistribution analysis. RESULTS There was no mortality or severe behavioural changes observed in rats. Significant changes in biochemical enzyme levels were seen at medium and high doses of NR i. e. 300 and 600 mg/kg BW/day respectively. No hematological changes were observed. Mild histopathological changes seen at high dose of NR which were found in concurrence with the biochemical alterations in liver and brain. There was mild genotoxicity and no detectable level of mercury but significant arsenic level in blood at high dose. Gene expression was mildly affected. CONCLUSIONS NR induced moderate toxic effects at high dose but can be considered safe at therapeutic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shripad Rajendra Kshirsagar
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Monika Kumari
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Shatrughna Madhukar Bajad
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - M Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Saileshnath Saxena
- Department of Rasa Sastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Dr. B.R.K.R. Govt. Ayurvedic College, Erragadda, Hyderabad, 500 038, Telangana, India.
| | - Srinivas Indu Kumari
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Lee E, Park HY, Kim SW, Sun Y, Choi JH, Seo J, Jung YP, Kim AJ, Kim J, Lim K. Enhancing Supplemental Effects of Acute Natural Antioxidant Derived from Yeast Fermentation and Vitamin C on Sports Performance in Triathlon Athletes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3324. [PMID: 37571262 PMCID: PMC10421245 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the acute effects of natural antioxidants, derived from yeast fermentation containing glutathione and dietary vitamin C supplementation, on metabolic function, skeletal muscle oxygenation, cardiac function, and antioxidant function during submaximal exercise in middle-aged triathlon athletes. Twelve participants (aged 49.42 ± 5.9 years) completed 90 min submaximal cycling trials corresponding to 70% maximal oxygen uptake with either vitamin C and glutathione (VitC+Glu), vitamin C (VitC), glutathione (Glu) supplementation, or placebo. Metabolic function (minute ventilation, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output [VCO2], respiratory exchange ratio [RER], oxygen pulse [O2pulse], carbohydrate oxidation, fat oxidation, and energy expenditure), skeletal muscle oxygenation (oxidized hemoglobin and myoglobin in skeletal muscle tissue, total hemoglobin and myoglobin in skeletal muscle tissue [tHb]), cardiac function (heart rate [HR], stroke volume [SV], cardiac output, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction), and antioxidant function parameters (blood lactate, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione [GSH], diacron reactive oxygen metabolite [dROM], and biological antioxidant potential [BAP]) were measured during submaximal exercise and recovery. VCO2, RER, HR, blood lactate after exercise, and dROM were significantly lower, and O2pulse, tHb, and BAP were significantly higher for VitC+Glu than for the other trials (p < 0.05). In conclusion, combined vitamin C and glutathione supplementation was more effective in improving metabolic function, skeletal oxygenation, cardiac function, and antioxidant function during prolonged submaximal exercise in middle-aged triathletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoo Lee
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jae-Ho Choi
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jisoo Seo
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Yanghoon Peter Jung
- CJ CheilJedang Food & Nutrition Tech, Jung-gu, Seoul 04527, Republic of Korea; (Y.P.J.); (A.-J.K.)
| | - Ah-Jin Kim
- CJ CheilJedang Food & Nutrition Tech, Jung-gu, Seoul 04527, Republic of Korea; (Y.P.J.); (A.-J.K.)
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (E.L.); (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (Y.S.); (J.-H.C.); (J.S.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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20
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Yang J, Hua Z, Zheng Z, Ma X, Zhu L, Li Y. Acteoside inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in RPE cells and the outer retina through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Exp Eye Res 2023; 232:109496. [PMID: 37268044 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells exposed to a high glucose environment experience a series of functional damages, which is an important factor in promoting the progression of DR. Acteoside (ACT) has strong antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, but the mechanism of ACT in DR is not completely clear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore whether ACT inhibits the damage to RPE cells in a high glucose environment through antioxidative effects to alleviate the DR process. The DR in vitro cell model was constructed by treating RPE cells with high glucose, and the DR in vivo animal model was constructed by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) into the peritoneal cavity of mice to induce diabetes. The proliferation and apoptosis of RPE cells were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The expression changes in Nrf2, Keap1, NQO1 and HO-1 were evaluated by qRT‒PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. The MDA, SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC contents were detected by kits. The changes in ROS and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were observed by immunofluorescence assays. HE staining was used to measure the thickness of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the retina, and TUNEL staining was used to detect the number of apoptotic cells in the retinas of mice. In the present study, ACT effectively ameliorated outer retina damage in diabetic mice. In high glucose (HG)-induced RPE cells, ACT treatment had the following effects: improved proliferation, decreased apoptosis, inhibited Keap1 expression, promoted the nuclear translocation and expression of Nrf2, upregulated NQO1 and HO-1 (the target genes of Nrf2) expression, decreased ROS concentration, and increased the levels of the SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC antioxidant indicators. However, knockdown of Nrf2 reversed the above phenomena, which indicated that the protective function of ACT in HG-induced RPE cells are closely related to Nrf2. In summary, the present study demonstrated that HG-induced oxidative stress injury is inhibited by ACT in RPE cells and the outer retina through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Zhijuan Hua
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Zhikun Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
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21
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Sanatombi K. Antioxidant potential and factors influencing the content of antioxidant compounds of pepper: A review with current knowledge. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3011-3052. [PMID: 37184378 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of natural food items as antioxidants has gained increasing popularity and attention in recent times supported by scientific studies validating the antioxidant properties of natural food items. Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are also important sources of antioxidants and several studies published during the last few decades identified and quantified various groups of phytochemicals with antioxidant capacities as well as indicated the influence of several pre- and postharvest factors on the antioxidant capacity of pepper. Therefore, this review summarizes the research findings on the antioxidant activity of pepper published to date and discusses their potential health benefits as well as the factors influencing the antioxidant activity in pepper. The major antioxidant compounds in pepper include capsaicinoids, capsinoids, vitamins, carotenoids, phenols, and flavonoids, and these antioxidants potentially modulate oxidative stress related to aging and diseases by targeting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, lipid peroxidation products, as well as genes for transcription factors that regulate antioxidant response elements genes. The review also provides a systematic understanding of the factors that maintain or improve the antioxidant capacity of peppers and the application of these strategies offers options to pepper growers and spices industries for maximizing the antioxidant activity of peppers and their health benefits to consumers. In addition, the efficacy of pepper antioxidants, safety aspects, and formulations of novel products with pepper antioxidants have also been covered with future perspectives on potential innovative uses of pepper antioxidants in the future.
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22
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Turkel I, Ozerklig B, Yılmaz M, Ulger O, Kubat GB, Tuncer M. Mitochondrial transplantation as a possible therapeutic option for sarcopenia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00109-023-02326-3. [PMID: 37209146 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With advancing age, the skeletal muscle phenotype is characterized by a progressive loss of mass, strength, and quality. This phenomenon, known as sarcopenia, has a negative impact on quality of life and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Accumulating evidence suggests that damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria play a critical role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Lifestyle modifications, such as physical activity, exercise, and nutrition, as well as medical interventions with therapeutic agents, are effective in the management of sarcopenia and offer solutions to maintain and improve skeletal muscle health. Although a great deal of effort has been devoted to the identification of the best treatment option, these strategies are not sufficient to overcome sarcopenia. Recently, it has been reported that mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible therapeutic approach for the treatment of mitochondria-related pathological conditions such as ischemia, liver toxicity, kidney injury, cancer, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Given the role of mitochondria in the function and metabolism of skeletal muscle, mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible option for the treatment of sarcopenia. In this review, we summarize the definition and characteristics of sarcopenia and molecular mechanisms associated with mitochondria that are known to contribute to sarcopenia. We also discuss mitochondrial transplantation as a possible option. Despite the progress made in the field of mitochondrial transplantation, further studies are needed to elucidate the role of mitochondrial transplantation in sarcopenia. KEY MESSAGES: Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and quality. Although the specific mechanisms that lead to sarcopenia are not fully understood, mitochondria have been identified as a key factor in the development of sarcopenia. Damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria initiate various cellular mediators and signaling pathways, which largely contribute to the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Mitochondrial transplantation has been reported to be a possible option for the treatment/prevention of several diseases. Mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible therapeutic option for improving skeletal muscle health and treating sarcopenia. Mitochondrial transplantation as a possible treatment option for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Turkel
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Division of Sport Sciences and Technology, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ozerklig
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Division of Sport Sciences and Technology, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oner Ulger
- Department of Mitochondria and Cellular Research, Health Sciences Institute, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Burcin Kubat
- Division of Sport Sciences and Technology, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Mitochondria and Cellular Research, Health Sciences Institute, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Tuncer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102371. [PMID: 37242253 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant response in training adaptations and sports performance has been a large issue investigated in the last few years. The present review aims to analyze the role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant response in sports performance. For this aim, the production of reactive oxygen species in physical activities, the effect of reactive oxygen species on sports performance, the relationship between reactive oxygen species and training adaptations, inflammation, and the microbiota, the effect of antioxidants on recovery and sports performance, and strategies to use antioxidants supplementations will be discussed. Finally, practical applications derived from this information are discussed. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during physical activity greatly influences sports performance. This review concludes that ROS play a critical role in the processes of training adaptation induced by resistance training through a reduction in inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress, as well as appropriate molecular signaling. Additionally, it has been established that micronutrients play an important role in counteracting free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species, which cause oxidative stress, and the effects of antioxidants on recovery, sports performance, and strategies for using antioxidant supplements, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, resveratrol, coenzyme Q10, selenium, and curcumin to enhance physical and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ismael Martínez-Guardado
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Li XL, Liu YL, Liu JY, Zhu YY, Zhu XX, Zhang WW, Li J, Zhao Y, Zhao LL, Zhang C, Wang H, Xu DX, Gao L. 1-Nitropyrene disrupts testicular steroidogenesis via oxidative stress-evoked PERK-eIF2α pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115027. [PMID: 37207578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) exposure disrupted testicular testosterone synthesis in mouse, but the exact mechanism needs further investigation. The present research found 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor, recovered 1-NP-induced ER stress and testosterone synthases reduction in TM3 cells. GSK2606414, a protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) kinase inhibitor, attenuated 1-NP-induced PERK-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) signaling activation and downregulation of steroidogenic proteins in TM3 cells. Both 4-PBA and GSK2606414 attenuated 1-NP-induced steroidogenesis disruption in TM3 cells. Further studies used N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as a classical antioxidant to explore whether oxidative stress-activated ER stress mediated 1-NP-induced testosterone synthases reduction and steroidogenesis disruption in TM3 cells and mouse testes. The results showed NAC pretreatment mitigated oxidative stress, and subsequently attenuated ER stress, particularly PERK-eIF2α signaling activation, and downregulation of testosterone synthases in 1-NP-treated TM3 cells. More importantly, NAC extenuated 1-NP-induced testosterone synthesis in vitro and in vivo. The current work indicated that oxidative stress-caused ER stress, particularly PERK-eIF2α pathway activation, mediates 1-NP-downregulated steroidogenic proteins and steroidogenesis disruption in TM3 cells and mouse testes. Significantly, the current study provides a theoretical basis and demonstrates the experimental evidence for the potential application of antioxidant, such as NAC, in public health prevention, particularly in 1-NP-induced endocrine disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Lan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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25
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Al-Zharani M, Mubarak M, Rudayni HA, Al-Doaiss AA, Abd-Elwahab MM, Al-Eissa MS. Quercetin as a Dietary Supplementary Flavonoid Alleviates the Oxidative Stress Induced by Lead Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081888. [PMID: 37111107 PMCID: PMC10143896 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a naturally existing plant pigment belonging to the flavonoid group; it is contained in a wide range of vegetables and fruits. The accumulated evidence points to the potential uses of quercetin in protection of some disease conditions. Lead is one of the highly toxicant heavy metals that are widely spread in the environment and implicated in a wide spectrum of industries. No previous study has been reported to evaluate the effect of quercetin on lead toxicity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to elucidate some aspects of quercetin bioactivities in regard to its ability to combat the oxidative stress induced by lead toxicity. For this purpose, a total of sixty male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups of 20 animals each; untreated control animals (group 1), lead-exposed animals (group 2; exposed to lead daily by oral gavage at the dose of 80 mg/Kg b.w.), and group 3 of animals, which were exposed to lead and daily received quercetin (10 h gap time between lead exposure and the receiving of quercetin) by oral gavage at the dose of 350 mg/Kg b.w. The experiment period was 8 weeks. All the assayed hematological and biochemical parameters of animals exposed to lead were significantly altered compared with the untreated control levels. Animals exposed to lead (group 2) exhibited significant decrements of the erythrocytic and total leucocytic counts, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume percent, total proteins, albumin and globulin. These animals also disclosed significantly decreased levels of antioxidant markers including total thiols, catalase and glutathione. On the other hand, these animals demonstrated significant increments in the levels of bilirubin, urea, creatinine, BUN, serum enzymes, H2O2 and MDA. Animals exposed to lead and given quercetin (group 3) exhibited improvement of these parameters, which were brought back at varying degrees toward the untreated control levels. Basing on the improvements of the assayed hematological and biochemical parameters, it was concluded that quercetin as a dietary supplement can act efficiently as an antioxidant to counteract the oxidative stress induced by lead toxicity and to maintain the oxidant antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mubarak
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ahmed Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin A Al-Doaiss
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Abd-Elwahab
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Eissa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Beghelli D, Zallocco L, Angeloni C, Bistoni O, Ronci M, Cavallucci C, Mazzoni MR, Nuccitelli A, Catalano C, Hrelia S, Lucacchini A, Giusti L. Dietary Supplementation with Boswellia serrata, Verbascum thapsus, and Curcuma longa in Show Jumping Horses: Effects on Serum Proteome, Antioxidant Status, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030750. [PMID: 36983904 PMCID: PMC10055707 DOI: 10.3390/life13030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense exercise can cause inflammation and oxidative stress due to the production of reactive oxygen species. These pathophysiological processes are interdependent, and each one can induce the other, creating a vicious circle. A placebo-controlled blind study was carried out in show jumping horses (n. 16) to evaluate the effects of a commercial dietary supplement (Dolhorse® N.B.F. Lanes srl, Milan, Italy) containing Verbascum thapsus leaf powder (1.42%), Curcuma longa (14.280 mg/kg), and Boswellia serrata (Roxb ex Colebr) (14.280 mg/kg) extracts. Before and after 10 days of dietary supplementation, blood samples were collected to evaluate the protein levels, antioxidants, and inflammatory responses by proteomic analysis or real-time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time RT-PCR). A total of 36 protein spots, connected to 29 proteins, were modulated by dietary supplementation, whereas real-time RT-PCR revealed a significant downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α (p < 0.05) and interleukin-6 (0.005), toll-like receptor 4 (p < 0.05), and IKBKB (p < 0.05) in supplemented sport horses. Immunoglobulin chains, gelsolin, plasminogen, vitamin D binding protein, apolipoprotein AIV, and filamin B were overexpressed, whereas haptoglobin, α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α2-macroglobulin, afamin, amine oxidase, 60S acidic ribosomal protein, and complement fragments 3, 4, and 7 were reduced. No effect was observed on the antioxidant defense systems. The present results suggest this phytotherapy may reinforce the innate immune responses, thus representing a valid adjuvant to alleviate inflammation, which is a pathophysiological process in sport horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Beghelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-737-403201 (D.B.); +39-737-402916 (L.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Zallocco
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Nuccitelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Antonio Lucacchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-737-403201 (D.B.); +39-737-402916 (L.G.)
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27
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Li C, Wang S, Chen S, Wang X, Deng X, Liu G, Chang W, Beckers Y, Cai H. Screening and Characterization of Pediococcus acidilactici LC-9-1 toward Selection as a Potential Probiotic for Poultry with Antibacterial and Antioxidative Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:215. [PMID: 36829774 PMCID: PMC9952579 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing interest has been focused on lactic acid bacteria as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters, which are characterized by the production of various functional metabolites, such as antimicrobial and antioxidants compounds. The present study was undertaken to evaluate a potential probiotic from the antioxidant perspective. LC-9-1, screened from the intestines of healthy animals, was revealed to be Pediococcus acidilactici on the basis of its morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The strain has excellent properties, including acid-production efficiency, antibacterial performance and antioxidant activity. The safety of the strain was also evaluated. Furthermore, the experiments in broiler chickens suggested that dietary LC-9-1 supplementation improved the growth performance and decreased the abdominal fat, and enhanced the antioxidant capability and intestinal innate immunity of broilers. Analysis of intestinal microbiota showed that a higher community diversity (Shannon index) was achieved. In addition to the significantly increased relative abundances of Pediococcus spp., beneficial genera such as Rothia spp. and Ruminococcus spp. were abundant, while opportunistic pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella spp. were significantly reduced in LC-9-1-supplemented broilers. Collectively, such in-depth characterization and the available data will guide future efforts to develop next-generation probiotics, and LC-9-1 could be considered a potential strain for further utilization in direct-fed microbial or starter culture for fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Shaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuejuan Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenhuan Chang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yves Beckers
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Huiyi Cai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China
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28
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Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Mierzyński R, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. Preeclampsia and Obesity-The Preventive Role of Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1267. [PMID: 36674022 PMCID: PMC9859423 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is now recognized as a worldwide epidemic. An inadequate diet and reduced physical activity are acknowledged as the leading causes of excess body weight. Despite growing evidence that obesity is a risk factor for unsuccessful pregnancies, almost half of all women who become pregnant today are overweight or obese. Common complications of pregnancy in this group of women are preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. These conditions are also observed more frequently in women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is one of the most serious pregnancy complications with an unpredictable course, which in its most severe forms, threatens the life and health of the mother and her baby. The early identification of the risk factors for preeclampsia development, including obesity, allows for the implementation of prophylaxis and a reduction in maternal and fetal complications risk. Additionally, preeclampsia and obesity are the recognized risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease in later life, so prophylaxis and treating obesity are paramount for their prevention. Thus, a proper diet and physical activity might play an essential role in the prophylaxis of preeclampsia in this group of women. Limiting weight gain during pregnancy and modifying the metabolic risk factors with regular physical exercise creates favorable metabolic conditions for pregnancy development and benefits the elements of the pathogenetic sequence for preeclampsia development. In addition, it is inexpensive, readily available and, in the absence of contraindications to its performance, safe for the mother and fetus. However, for this form of prevention to be effective, it should be applied early in pregnancy and, for overweight and obese women, proposed as an essential part of planning pregnancy. This paper aims to present the mechanisms of the development of hypertension in pregnancy in obese women and the importance of exercise in its prevention.
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29
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McDougle JM, Mangine GT, Townsend JR, Jajtner AR, Feito Y. Acute physiological outcomes of high-intensity functional training: a scoping review. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14493. [PMID: 36620744 PMCID: PMC9817969 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to high-intensity functional training (HIFT) have been conducted. However, due to a restricted pool of available research, these investigations are often limited in scope. As such, a scoping review investigating the present literature surrounding the acute physiological response to HIFT-based exercise was chosen as a more appropriate structured review. Methodology A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Three large scale databases were searched to reveal any article pertaining to HIFT and related exercise terminology. Results A total of 2,241 articles were found during the initial search. Following this, titles, then abstracts, and full-texts were reviewed to determine inclusion eligibility. A total of 60 articles which investigated a combined total of 35 unique HIFT workouts were included within this review. Conclusions A variety of physiological parameters and HIFT workouts have been examined. Markers of intensity (e.g., blood lactate concentrations, heart rate) have been most consistently assessed across all studies, and these support the idea that HIFT workouts are typically performed at high-intensity. In contrast, the inclusion of most other measures (e.g., hormonal, markers of inflammation and damage, energy expenditure, performance) has been inconsistent and has thus, limited the possibility for making generalized conclusions. Differences in study methodologies have further impacted conclusions, as different studies have varied in sample population characteristics, workouts assessed, and time points. Though it may be impossible to comprehensively research all possible HIFT workouts, consistent adoption of population definitions and workload quantification may overcome this challenge and assist with future comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. McDougle
- Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States
| | - Gerald T. Mangine
- Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States
| | - Jeremy R. Townsend
- Exercise and Nutrition Science, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Adam R. Jajtner
- Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Yuri Feito
- Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States,American College of Sports Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Pérez-Castillo ÍM, Rueda R, Bouzamondo H, López-Chicharro J, Mihic N. Biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football (soccer). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1167449. [PMID: 37113691 PMCID: PMC10126523 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1167449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-level football (soccer) players face intense physical demands that result in acute and residual fatigue, impairing their physical performance in subsequent matches. Further, top-class players are frequently exposed to match-congested periods where sufficient recovery times are not achievable. To evaluate training and recovery strategies, the monitoring of players' recovery profiles is crucial. Along with performance and neuro-mechanical impairments, match-induced fatigue causes metabolic disturbances denoted by changes in chemical analytes that can be quantified in different body fluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, thus acting as biomarkers. The monitoring of these molecules might supplement performance, neuromuscular and cognitive measurements to guide coaches and trainers during the recovery period. The present narrative review aims to comprehensively review the scientific literature on biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football players as well as provide an outlook on the role that metabolomic studies might play in this field of research. Overall, no single gold-standard biomarker of match-induced fatigue exists, and a range of metabolites are available to assess different aspects of post-match recovery. The use of biomarker panels might be suitable to simultaneously monitoring these broad physiological processes, yet further research on fluctuations of different analytes throughout post-match recovery is warranted. Although important efforts have been made to address the high interindividual heterogeneity of available markers, limitations inherent to these markers might compromise the information they provide to guide recovery protocols. Further research on metabolomics might benefit from evaluating the long-term recovery period from a high-level football match to shed light upon new biomarkers of post-match recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José López-Chicharro
- Real Madrid, Medical Services, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: José López-Chicharro,
| | - Niko Mihic
- Real Madrid, Medical Services, Madrid, Spain
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Pre-weaning social behaviours and peripheral serotonin levels are associated with behavioural and physiological responses to weaning and social mixing in pigs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2023.105833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Hoseini R, Rahim HA, Ahmed JK. Concurrent alteration in inflammatory biomarker gene expression and oxidative stress: how aerobic training and vitamin D improve T2DM. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:165. [PMID: 35733163 PMCID: PMC9214191 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation and Aerobic Training (AT) exert several beneficial effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. The literature on the effects of AT and Vit D supplementation on the oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is limited. The present study aimed to examine the effects of AT and Vit D supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress signaling pathways in T2DM patients. Materials and methods In this single-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 48 men with T2DM (aged 35–50 years with Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25–30 kg/m2) were randomly allocated into four groups: AT+Vit D (n = 10); AT + placebo (AT; n = 10); Vit D (n = 10), and Control + placebo (C; n = 10). The eight-week AT program was executed for 20–40 min/day, at 60–75% of heart rate maximum (HRmax), for 3 days/wks. The Vit D group received 50,000 IU of Vit D supplement capsules per week for 8 weeks. The serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were evaluated using the RT-PCR method. To analyze the data, paired t-tests and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results The result shows that serum 25-OH-Vit D, total nitrite, Total Glutathione (GSH), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) increased; and insulin, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), glycated albumin, and Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanine (8-OHdG) decreased significantly in all groups after 8 weeks, except for C. In addition, results of RT-PCR showed that AT+Vit D, Vit D, and AT significantly downregulated the gene expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases 1 (MAPK1), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) 1 (p50). It also upregulated Interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene expression, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ) in T2DM patients compared to the C. Conclusion Additionally, the AT+Vit D group showed significantly lower insulin, FBG, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, MDA, glycated albumin, urinary 8-OHdG, IL-1β, TNF-α, MAPK1, and NF-κB1 (p50) levels and significantly higher serum 25-OH-Vit D, total nitrite, GSH, TAC, CAT, SOD, GPX, IL-4, and PPAR-γ levels compared to the AT and Vit D groups. In T2DM patients, 8 weeks of AT+Vit D had a more significant impact on certain gene expressions related to inflammation and oxidative stress than Vit D or AT alone.
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Kumari M, Bajad SM, Kshirsagar SR, Chinde S, Balaji AS, Jerald Mahesh Kumar M, Saxena S, Kumari SI. Sub-chronic oral toxicity evaluation of herbo-metallic formulation Arshakuthar rasa in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115306. [PMID: 35443217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arshakuthar rasa (AR) is a mercury based Ayurvedic herbo-metallic formulation. The concerns are being raised about the probable toxicity of mercury after prolonged use of AR. Hence, there is need for a long-term repeated in vivo toxicity study. The study will provide data with scientific evidence to enable safe use of the drug. Moreover, lack of toxicity study with AR incited us to perform sub-chronic study on rats. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to generate data by performing a sub-chronic study to assess the toxicity of AR after its prolonged oral intake. MATERIALS AND METHODS The female and male rats were administered with 30 (low), 300 (medium) and 600 mg/kg BW/day (high) dose of AR for 90 consecutive days. The body weight, feed consumption and water intake were monitored weekly. On 91st day, blood was collected from retro-orbital plexus of rats and then sacrificed to harvest the vital organs for biochemical, haematological, histopathological, genotoxicity along with the expression study of oxidative stress related genes and the biodistribution of elements in the blood. RESULTS Significant alterations in serum biochemical parameters were observed at the medium and high doses. The histopathological changes were in corroboration with biochemical changes at high dose in liver. There was no detectable level of mercury in blood, less to moderate biochemical changes, no haematological changes, moderate regulation of stress-related genes, and low genotoxicity. These results indicated that AR can be considered as moderately toxic above 600 mg/kg BW and mildly toxic at 300 mg/kg BW. CONCLUSIONS It may be interpreted that AR may not induce grave toxic response in human after long-duration of oral administration at therapeutic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kumari
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Shatrughna Madhukar Bajad
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shripad Rajendra Kshirsagar
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Srinivas Chinde
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Andugulapati Sai Balaji
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - M Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Saileshnath Saxena
- Department of Rasa Sastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Dr. B.R.K.R. Govt. Ayurvedic College, Erragadda, Hyderabad, 500 038, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Indu Kumari
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Sudharshan SJ, Krishna Narayanan A, Princilly J, Dyavaiah M, Nagegowda DA. Betulinic acid mitigates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and enhances longevity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:699-712. [PMID: 36624963 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2166505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in certain plant species, has been reported to have several health benefits including antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. However, the mechanism by which BA confers these properties is currently unknown. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a budding yeast with a short life cycle and conserved cellular mechanism with high homology to humans, was used as a model for determining the role of BA in aging and programmed cell death (PCD). Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exhibited significantly increased (30-35%) survivability of antioxidant (sod1Δ, sod2Δ, cta1Δ, ctt1Δ, and tsa1Δ) and anti-apoptotic (pep4Δ and fis1Δ) mutant strains when cells were pretreated with BA (30 µM) as demonstrated in spot and CFU (Colony forming units) assays. Measurement of intracellular oxidation level using the ROS-specific dye H2DCF-DA showed that all tested BA-pretreated mutants exhibited decreased ROS than the control when exposed to H2O2. Similarly, when mutant strains were pretreated with BA and then exposed to H2O2, there was reduced lipid peroxidation as revealed by the reduced malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, BA-pretreated mutant cells showed significantly lower apoptotic activity by decreasing DNA/nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation under H2O2-induced stress as determined by DAPI and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. In addition, BA treatment also extended the life span of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mutants by ∼10-25% by scavenging ROS and preventing apoptotic cell death. Our overall results suggest that BA extends the chronological life span of mutant strains lacking antioxidant and anti-apoptotic genes by lowering the impact of oxidative stress, ROS levels, and apoptotic activity. These properties of BA could be further explored for its use as a valuable nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Sudharshan
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ananth Krishna Narayanan
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre, Bengaluru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jemima Princilly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Dinesh A Nagegowda
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre, Bengaluru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Effects of 6-Week Supplementation with GliSODin on Parameters of Muscle Damages, Metabolic, and Work Performance at International Level Rowers after Specific Maximal Effort. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101437. [PMID: 36290341 PMCID: PMC9598269 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with plant origin superoxide dismutase (SOD), GliSODin, on parameters of muscle damage, metabolic, and work performance at international level rowers. Twenty-eight rowers were included in a randomized, double-blind study. The study was conducted during a 6-week preparation period. At the beginning of the study and after 6 weeks of the supplementation period, all rowers were tested on a rowing ergometer. Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein before and after every ergometer testing. Muscle damage markers creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), inflammation parameters interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Rowing performance was assessed by lactate level in capillary blood and power output on the rowing ergometer. After supplementation, experimental group had significantly lower CK (p = 0.049) and IL-6 (p = 0.035) before and IL-6 (p = 0.050) after exhausting exercise on ergometer. Relative change of power output at 4 mmol/L concentration of lactate in blood, considering the initial and final test, was significantly higher (p = 0.020) in the supplemented group. It was concluded that GliSODin could be considered a good supplement in preventing some deleterious effects of intensive physical activity, including inflammation and muscle damage, and consequently, to enable a better rowing performance of elite rowers.
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Gore Karaali M, Karaali S, Demir D, Yazıcı GN, Coban A, Mammadov R, Suleyman B, Suleyman H. The protective effect of carvacrol on bevacizumab-related skin injury in rats: A biochemical and histopathological evaluation. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2022; 41:285-290. [DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2124413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muge Gore Karaali
- Department of Dermatology, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Soner Karaali
- Department of Plastic, Reconsctructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Damla Demir
- Department of Dermatology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulce Naz Yazıcı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Coban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Renad Mammadov
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Cho SY, Chung YS, Yoon HK, Roh HT. Impact of Exercise Intensity on Systemic Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Sirtuin Levels in Healthy Male Volunteers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811292. [PMID: 36141561 PMCID: PMC9516970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Exercise can induce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, for which regulation of sirtuins (SIRTs) may be a major consideration for exercise prescription. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute aerobic exercise, in particular its intensity, on systemic oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and SIRT levels. Twenty healthy, untrained males were recruited and randomly assigned to moderate-intensity (MI, 65% VO2max, n = 10) and high-intensity (HI, 85% VO2max, n = 10) exercise. Blood samples were obtained pre-, immediately post-, and 1 h post-exercise for measurements of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, SIRT-1, SIRT-2, and SIRT-3. Overall, MDA, SOD, IL-6, SIRT-1, and SIRT-3 levels were significantly increased at post-exercise compared with pre-exercise regardless of exercise intensity (p < 0.05). The HI group had significantly higher MDA, SOD, and IL-6 levels than the MI group at post-exercise (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in the IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIRT-2 levels (p > 0.05). Altogether, these findings suggest that exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses may be dependent on exercise intensity. Moreover, activation of inflammatory cytokines and SIRT family members may be dependent on the intensity of the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Youn Cho
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Chung
- Department of Sports and Leisure Studies, School of Arts and Health, Myongji College, Seoul 03656, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ki Yoon
- School of Sports, College of Humanities, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Hee-Tae Roh
- Department of Sports Science, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221 beongil, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si 31460, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-530-2293
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Polaka S, Katare P, Pawar B, Vasdev N, Gupta T, Rajpoot K, Sengupta P, Tekade RK. Emerging ROS-Modulating Technologies for Augmentation of the Wound Healing Process. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30657-30672. [PMID: 36092613 PMCID: PMC9453976 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered a double-edged sword. The slightly elevated level of ROS helps in wound healing by inhibiting microbial infection. In contrast, excessive ROS levels in the wound site show deleterious effects on wound healing by extending the inflammation phase. Understanding the ROS-mediated molecular and biomolecular mechanisms and their effect on cellular homeostasis and inflammation thus substantially improves the possibility of exogenously augmenting and manipulating wound healing with the emerging antioxidant therapeutics. This review comprehensively delves into the relationship between ROS and critical phases of wound healing and the processes underpinning antioxidant therapies. The manuscript also discusses cutting-edge antioxidant therapeutics that act via ROS scavenging to enhance chronic wound healing.
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Kurhaluk N, Lukash O, Tkachenko H. Photoperiod-dependent changes in oxidative stress markers in the blood of Shetland pony mares and stallions involved in recreational horseback riding. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1419-1434. [PMID: 36043484 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2115922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to determine the photoperiod-induced variations and the impact of exercise on oxidative stress biomarkers [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), aldehydic (AD) and ketonic (KD) derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (OMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] and biomarkers of metabolic alterations [glucose, urea, and uric acid and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] in the blood of Shetland pony mares and stallions involved in recreational horseback riding. Twenty-one healthy adult Shetland ponies (11 mares and 10 stallions) aged 6.5 ± 1.4 years old from the central Pomeranian region in Poland were used in this study. Blood samples were taken once per season for one year: spring (3 April), summer (5 July), autumn (1 October) and winter (25 January). A MANOVA analysis revealed that the photoperiod factor had a leading role in alterations of these biomarkers, while the exercise and sex of the ponies exerted a lower impact. The lipid peroxidation biomarkers, for example, the plasma TBARS level, indicated the maximum adjusted coefficient of determination R2ad = 0.77. Before exercise (at rest), the plasma of the stallions and mares exhibited minimum values of TBARS levels in the spring and summer photoperiods and maximum levels in autumn and winter. A statistically significant reduction in the levels of both aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of OMP in the blood of ponies was observed during the autumn and winter periods; additionally, the level of ketonic derivatives of OMP declined after exercise in spring. TAC was statistically significant in the spring and winter photoperiods both before and after exercise. SOD activity did not have a pronounced photoperiod-induced pattern but was dependent on the sex and exercise. CAT activity varied and was statistically significant only in the plasma of the mares after exercise in the spring, summer, and winter photoperiods. The minimum GPx activity in the blood of the mares before exercise (at rest) was observed in autumn, while the maximum was noted in winter and summer. Photoperiod- and exercise-induced alterations in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defences may contribute to the adaptation of animals to exercise, depending on sex. The seasonal variations in the antioxidant defences demonstrated in our study, as well as substrates of energy metabolism in the blood of mares and stallions, depending on exercise capacity, could be an important aspect in the ability of endogenous adaptive mechanisms of animals to react in advance to environmental changes associated with seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Oleksandr Lukash
- Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, T.G. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Collegium", Chernihiv, Ukraine
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
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Wang O, Zhang N, Han C, Huang J. Regular exercise combined with ferulic acid exhibits antiobesity effect and regulates metabolic profiles in high-fat diet-induced mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:957321. [PMID: 35967808 PMCID: PMC9363793 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise (Ex) has been recognized as an effective way of obesity prevention, but it shows a dual effect on the body's antioxidant system. Ferulic acid (FA) is a kind of phenolic acid with well-known antioxidant capacity and numerous health benefits. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare the antiobesity effect of Ex, FA, and Ex combined with FA (Ex-FA) in vivo and to illustrate the potential mechanisms. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without administration of Ex, FA, and Ex-FA for 13 weeks. The body weight, antioxidant ability, Ex performance, and lipid profiles in the serum, liver, and skeletal muscle were compared among the groups, and serum metabolomics analysis was conducted. The results showed that Ex, FA, and Ex-FA exhibited a similar effect on body weight management. Ex had a more beneficial function by alleviating HFD-induced dyslipidemia than FA, while FA exerted a more efficient effect in mitigating lipid deposition in the liver and skeletal muscle. Ex-FA showed comprehensive effects in the regulation of the lipid contents in serum, liver, and skeletal muscle, and provoked enhancement effects on antioxidant ability and Ex capacity. Mice administered with Ex, FA, and Ex-FA showed different metabolic profiles, which might be achieved through different metabolic pathways. The findings of this research implied that Ex coupled with FA could become an effective and safe remedy for the management of dietary-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Han
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Prediction of degradation pathways of phenolic compounds in the human gut microbiota through enzyme promiscuity methods. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:24. [PMID: 35831427 PMCID: PMC9279433 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The relevance of phenolic compounds in the human diet has increased in recent years, particularly due to their role as natural antioxidants and chemopreventive agents in different diseases. In the human body, phenolic compounds are mainly metabolized by the gut microbiota; however, their metabolism is not well represented in public databases and existing reconstructions. In a previous work, using different sources of knowledge, bioinformatic and modelling tools, we developed AGREDA, an extended metabolic network more amenable to analyze the interaction of the human gut microbiota with diet. Despite the substantial improvement achieved by AGREDA, it was not sufficient to represent the diverse metabolic space of phenolic compounds. In this article, we make use of an enzyme promiscuity approach to complete further the metabolism of phenolic compounds in the human gut microbiota. In particular, we apply RetroPath RL, a previously developed approach based on Monte Carlo Tree Search strategy reinforcement learning, in order to predict the degradation pathways of compounds present in Phenol-Explorer, the largest database of phenolic compounds in the literature. Reactions predicted by RetroPath RL were integrated with AGREDA, leading to a more complete version of the human gut microbiota metabolic network. We assess the impact of our improvements in the metabolic processing of various foods, finding previously undetected connections with output microbial metabolites. By means of untargeted metabolomics data, we present in vitro experimental validation for output microbial metabolites released in the fermentation of lentils with feces of children representing different clinical conditions.
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Ekinci B, Altuner D, Suleyman B, Mammadov R, Bulut S, Suleyman Z, A. Gul M, Ergul C, Suleyman H. Effect of Thymoquinone on Diclofenac-Induced Liver Injury. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1331.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Temiz B, Agalar HG. Evaluation of radical scavenging and anti-tyrosinase activity of some Citrus fruits cultivated in Turkey via in vitro methods and high-performance thin-layer chromatography‒effect-directed analysis. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li Y, Lin J, Wang P, Zhu F, Wu M, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Liu X. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Yolk-Shell NaCl@Virus-Inspired Tetrasulfide-Organosilica for Ion-Interference Therapy via Osmolarity Surge and Oxidative Stress Amplification. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7380-7397. [PMID: 35435672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion-interference therapy, which utilizes ions to disturb intracellular biological processes, provides inspiration for tumor therapy. Artificially reversing osmotic pressure by transporting large amounts of physiological ions to tumor cells is a straightforward yet low-toxic strategy for ion-interference therapy. However, it is hard to achieve due to the serious limitations of single-ion delivery. Herein, we skillfully deliver NaCl nanocrystals to tumor sites and sequentially realize the explosive release of Na+/Cl- inside tumor cells by utilizing a virus-mimicking and glutathione (GSH)-responsive hollow mesoporous tetrasulfide-bridged organosilica (ssss-VHMS). Once the ssss-VHMS-wrapped NaCl nanocrystals (NaCl@ssss-VHMS) accumulate in the tumors, they would rapidly invade tumor cells via spike surface-assisted endocytosis, thus bypassing Na+/K+-ATPase transmembrane ion transporters. Afterward, the intracellular overproduced GSH of tumor cells would trigger the rapid degradation of ssss-VHMS via thiol-tetrasulfide exchange, which could not only remarkably deplete the GSH but also explosively release the Na+/Cl-, leading to the osmolarity surge accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The cell swelling, ROS storm, and GSH exhaustion of NaCl@ssss-VHMS effectively eradicated tumor cells by caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis, caspase-3-dependent apoptosis, and GPX4-dependent ferroptosis, respectively, thus synergistically inhibiting tumor growth. We believe that NaCl@ssss-VHMS would be a potential cancer therapeutic agent, and this discovery could provide a perspective for exploring synergistic ion-interference therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fukai Zhu
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Luo
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
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Effects of the In Ovo Injection of L-Ascorbic Acid on Broiler Hatching Performance. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12081020. [PMID: 35454266 PMCID: PMC9025857 DOI: 10.3390/ani12081020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous studies have shown positive effects of the use of supplementary L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) to mitigate various stressors such as heat and ammonia exposure in the broiler industry. The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of L-AA administrated by in ovo injection on various hatch variables and the embryonic serum L-AA concentrations of Ross 708 broilers. At 18 days of incubation (doi), the following four treatment groups: non-injected control, saline-injected control, and saline containing either 12 or 25 mg of L-AA were administrated. An automated multi-egg injector accurately delivered 100 μL solution volumes into the amnion. The in ovo injection of high levels of L-AA (12 and 25 mg) did not affect hatchability, but 12 mg of L-AA in saline and saline alone resulted in a reduction in embryonic mortality. Additionally, serum L-AA did not differ between the in ovo injected treatments at any time period; however, the serum L-AA concentration was numerically higher in males as compared to female hatchlings. In conclusion, the automated in ovo injection of high levels of L-AA may not be detrimental to hatchling quality but may promote embryonic livability. Abstract Effects of the in ovo injection of various concentrations of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) on the hatchability and retention levels of L-AA in the serum of broiler embryos were investigated. A total of 960 Ross 708 broilers hatching eggs were randomly divided into four treatment groups: non-injected control, saline-injected control, and saline containing either 12 or 25 mg of L-AA. At 18 days of incubation (doi), injected eggs received a 100 μL volume of sterile saline (0.85%) alone or containing one of the two L-AA levels. Percentage egg weight loss was also determined from 0 to 12 and 12 to 18 doi. Hatch residue analysis was conducted after candling to determine the staging of embryo mortality. At approximately 21 doi, hatchability of live embryonated eggs (HI) and hatchling body weight (BW) were determined. Blood samples were taken at 6 and 24 h after L-AA in ovo injection to determine serum L-AA concentrations. Serum L-AA concentrations, HI, and hatchling BW did not differ among all treatment groups. However, chicks in the non-injected group had a higher (p = 0.05) embryonic mortality at hatch in comparison to those in the 12 mg of L-AA in saline and saline alone treatment groups. These results suggest that the in ovo injection of high levels of L-AA (12 and 25 mg) does not negatively affect HI or serum concentrations of L-AA but has the potential to promote embryonic livability. Further research is needed to determine the retention time of L-AA in the other tissues of broilers, including the cornea of the eye, in response to different levels of supplemental L-AA.
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Grzesiak-Gasek I, Kaczmarek U. Influence of Swimming Training Session on Selected Saliva Components in Youth Swimmers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:869903. [PMID: 35492619 PMCID: PMC9047765 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.869903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise may induce many changes in biochemical parameters of the saliva. Thanks to non-invasive access, saliva can be used as a diagnostic material in physical activity monitoring. The aim of the study was comparison of selected salivary components in swimmers before and after training session. 40 male subjects aged 12–15, out of whom 30 were competitive swimmers and 10 control were involved in the study. Salivary samples were collected from all subjects in the morning, and in the afternoon; from the swimmers, they were also collected before and after the workout. Salivary flow rate-V, pH, total protein-P, alpha-amylase-Amy, salivary peroxidase-SPO, cortisol-C, total antioxidant status-TAS, sialic acid (free-FSA, bound-GSA, total-TSA), calcium-Ca, magnesium-Mg were measured. The swimmers assessed the workout intensity of training session using the RPE Foster’s scale. The circadian rhythm pattern of some salivary components and differences after training were found. In swimmers after the morning exercise significant increase of P (0.83 ± 0.27 vs. 1.10 ± 0.58 g/L), Amy (64.91 ± 70.86 vs. 87.07 ± 92.46IU/L), Ca (3.83 ± 1.33 vs. 4.99 ± 2.24 mg/L), Mg (0.52 ± 0.32 vs. 0.73 ± 0.34 mg/L), TAS (0.64 ± 0.27 vs. 0.72 ± 0.26 mmol/L) and decrease V (0.47 ± 0.37 vs. 0.36 ± 0.22 mg/min), C (5.86 ± 5.00 vs. 3.54 ± 5.07 μg/ml) were found. After the afternoon training significant increase of pH (7.13 ± 0.33 vs. 7.27 ± 0.24), Amy (111.53 ± 120.13 vs. 130.91 ± 161.14IU/L), Ca (3.72 ± 1.34 vs. 4.61 ± 1.58 mg/L), Mg (0.48 ± 0.28 vs. 0.60 ± 0.39 mg/L), TSA (5.64 ± 3.78 vs. 6.10 ± 3.08 mg/L), GSA (3.00 ± 3.06 vs. 3.38 ± 2.26 mg/L), and decrease of V (0.63 ± 0.63 vs. 0.49 ± 0.39 ml/min) were noticed. Before training in the morning in the swimmers significantly higher of V (0.47 ± 0.37 vs. 0.26 ± 0.15 mg/min), TAS (0.64 ± 0.27 vs. 0.40 ± 0.16 mmol/L), and lower pH (7.01 ± 0.46 vs. 7.53 ± 0.33), P (0.83 ± 0.27 vs. 1.86 ± 1.28 g/L), Amy (64.91 ± 70.86 vs. 146.56 ± 114.45IU/L) compared to the control were found. In the afternoon in swimmers before training session significantly lower pH (7.13 ± 0.33 vs. 7.53 ± 0.49) and Amy (111.53 ± 120.13 vs. 170.98 ± 107.72IU/L) in comparison to the control were noticed. The RPE scores were negatively correlated with V (rho = −0.500, p = 0.05 and pH (rho = −0.382, p = 0.03) measured after the morning session and after the afternoon training with V (rho = −0.570, p = 0.01) and Ca (rho = −0.401, p = 0.08). The levels of salivary flow rate, alpha amylase, cortisol, calcium, magnesium were associated with swimming training session, and showed circadian variation without a significant effect on their responses to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Grzesiak-Gasek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Iwona Grzesiak-Gasek, , orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-8828
| | - Urszula Kaczmarek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Varghese T, Dasgupta S, Anand G, Rejish Kumar VJ, Sahu NP, Pal AK, Puthiyottil M. Dietary arginine attenuates hypoxia- induced HIF expression, metabolic responses and oxidative stress in Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus mrigala. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 259:110714. [PMID: 35026416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common stressor in aquaculture systems, which causes severe physiological disturbances, ultimately leading to mortality or reduced productivity. Arginine, as a precursor of NO, has a role in enhancing oxygen delivery. Thus, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary arginine (Arg) in Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to hypoxia. The fish were fed with different levels of arginine for 60 days and exposed for 72 h to a sublethal level of hypoxia (0.50 ± 0.16 mg/L dissolved oxygen [DO]). The six treatment groups with three replicates were N0 (0% Arg + Normoxia), H0 (0% Arg + Hypoxia), N0.7 (0.70% Arg + Normoxia), H0.7 (0.70% Arg + Hypoxia), N1.4 (1.40% Arg + Normoxia), H1.4 (1.40% Arg + Hypoxia). Eighteen experimental units with twelve animals (5.8 ± 0.18 g) each were used for the trial.The results indicated that supplementation of arginine at 0.7 and 1.4% enhanced the hypoxia tolerance time, although the high dose (1.4%) did not yield any further increments. The exposure to hypoxia up-regulated Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α mRNA expression and supplementation of arginine significantly decreased hypoxia induced up-regulation of HIF at 1.4%. Arginine supplementation partially or completely normalised the hypoxia induced changes in the metabolic enzymes of C. mrigala. The fish exposed to hypoxic conditions exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) lipid peroxidation levels than those maintained under normoxic conditions, while arginine feeding significant in reducing lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in hypoxia-exposed carp, indicating increased oxidative stress during the hypoxic exposure, that was improved in Arg-supplemented groups. However, arginine did not modulate erythrocyte countsalthough itreduced the erythrocyte fragility. We conclude arginine supplementation is effective in ameliorating hypoxia induced metabolic alterations and improving antioxidant defences in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tincy Varghese
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India.
| | - Subrata Dasgupta
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Garima Anand
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - V J Rejish Kumar
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala 682 506, India
| | | | - Asim Kumar Pal
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Mishal Puthiyottil
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata 700 120, India.
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Wang X, Zhang T, Chen X, Xu Y, Li Z, Yang Y, Du X, Jiang Z, Ni H. Simultaneous Inhibitory Effects of All-Trans Astaxanthin on Acetylcholinesterase and Oxidative Stress. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20040247. [PMID: 35447920 PMCID: PMC9032561 DOI: 10.3390/md20040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer´s disease is a global neurodegenerative health concern. To prevent the disease, the simultaneous inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress is an efficient approach. In this study, the inhibition effect of all-trans astaxanthin mainly from marine organisms on acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress was evaluated by a chemical-based method in vitro and cell assay model. The results show that all-trans astaxanthin was a reversible competitive inhibitor and exhibited a strong inhibition effect with half inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of 8.64 μmol/L. Furthermore, all-trans astaxanthin inhibited oxidative stress through reducing malondialdehyde content and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase as well as catalase. All-trans astaxanthin could induce the changes of the secondary structure to reduce acetylcholinesterase activity. Molecular-docking analysis reveals that all-trans astaxanthin prevented substrate from binding to acetylcholinesterase by occupying the space of the active pocket to cause the inhibition. Our finding suggests that all-trans astaxanthin might be a nutraceutical supplement for Alzheimer´s disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
| | - Yating Xu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Systemic Utilization and In-Depth Processing of Economic Seaweed, Xiamen Southern Ocean Technology Center of China, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-13696920945 (X.D.)
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Systemic Utilization and In-Depth Processing of Economic Seaweed, Xiamen Southern Ocean Technology Center of China, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiping Du
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Systemic Utilization and In-Depth Processing of Economic Seaweed, Xiamen Southern Ocean Technology Center of China, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-13696920945 (X.D.)
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Systemic Utilization and In-Depth Processing of Economic Seaweed, Xiamen Southern Ocean Technology Center of China, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.C.); (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Z.J.); (H.N.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Systemic Utilization and In-Depth Processing of Economic Seaweed, Xiamen Southern Ocean Technology Center of China, Xiamen 361021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Ragab TI, Zoheir KM, Mohamed NA, El Gendy AENG, Abd-ElGawad AM, Abdelhameed MF, Farrag ARH, Elshamy AI. Cytoprotective potentialities of carvacrol and its nanoemulsion against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: development of nano-encasulation form. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09198. [PMID: 35368529 PMCID: PMC8968646 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (Cisp) is a widely distributed chemotherapeutic drug for cancers. Nephrotoxicity is one of the most common side effects of the use of this drug. Carvacrol (CV) is a common natural compound in essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants with potent in vivo and in vitro bioactivities. The work was extended to achieve the target of investigation of the protective potentialities of CV and its nanoemulsion as a cytoprotective drug against Cisp-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. CV-nanoemulsion was prepared by a hydrophilic surfactant polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and deionized water. The TEM image of the particle distribution prepared nanoemulsion is mainly spherical in shape with particle size varying between 14 and 30 nm. Additionally, the Cisp administration caused the increasing of the levels of urea and creatinine in the blood and serum. These increasing of urea and creatinine levels caused consequently the turbulence of the oxidative stress as well as the rising of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the serum. Also, histopathological changes of the kidney tissue were observed. These changes back to normal by treatment with CV-nanoemulsion. Expression levels of nephrotoxicity-related genes including LGALS3, VEGF, and CAV1 in kidney tissue using qRT-PCR were measured. The results revealed that the expression of LGALS3, VEGF and CAV1 genes was highly significantly increased in only Cisp treated group when compared with other treated groups. While, these genes expressions were significantly decreased in Cisp + CV treated group when compared with Cisp treated rats (P < 0.001). In addition, there were no significant differences between Cisp + nano-CV treated group and both negative control and nanoemulsion alone groups but it was not significant. In addition, the Western blot of protein analysis results showed that the LGALS3 and CAV1 are highly expressed only in Cisp + CV treated group compared with other groups. There was no significant difference between Cisp + nano-CV treated animals and negative control for both mRNA and protein expression. Based on these results, CV was combined with calcium alginate; a more stable capsule is formed, allowing for the formation of a double wall in the microcapsule. These results supported the therapeutic effect of CV and its nano-emulsion as cytoprotective agents against Cisp nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer I.M. Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Khairy M.A. Zoheir
- Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Nadia A. Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Abdel Razik H. Farrag
- Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Yin Y, Wang F, Yang M, Tan B, Yin Y, Chen J, Yang Z. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides as Antibiotic Substitutes Improve Growth Performance, Serum Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Health for Weaned Piglets. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:819993. [PMID: 35281314 PMCID: PMC8914510 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.819993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of dietary Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) supplementation on the growth performance, immune response, serum antioxidant status, and intestinal health of weaned piglets. In total, 24 crossed healthy weaned piglets [Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace)], of similar body weight (7.47 ± 0.22 kg), were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: CON (basal diet); LBPs (basal diet plus 4,000 mg/kg LBPs); and antibiotic (ABO, basal diet plus 20 mg/kg flavomycin and 50 mg/kg quinocetone). There were eight pigs per group. The study lasted 28 days. When compared with CON, LBPs or ABO dietary supplementation increased average daily gain (P < 0.05), decreased the ratio of feed to gain and the diarrhea ratio (P < 0.05). Similarly, when compared with CON, LBPs dietary supplementation increased serum immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, interleukin-10, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels (P < 0.05). Dietary LBPs enhanced the activity of serum total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis showed a distinct separation between CON and LBPs groups, but no differences between ABO and LBPs groups. LBPs addition increased Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium (P < 0.05) levels, while it decreased Enterococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.05) levels. Furthermore, when compared with the CON group, LBPs increased villus height (P < 0.05) and the villus height to crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05). Thus, dietary supplementation with LBPs improved growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity, regulated intestinal microbial composition, and may be used as an efficient antibiotic alternative in weaned piglet feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexin Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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