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Gilloteaux J, Lau HL, Gourari I, Neal D, Jamison JM, Summers J. Apatone ® induces endometrioid ovarian carcinoma (MDAH 2774) cells to undergo karyolysis and cell death by autoschizis: A potent and safe anticancer treatment. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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2
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Babbitt CC, Tung J, Wray GA, Alberts SC. Changes in gene expression associated with reproductive maturation in wild female baboons. Genome Biol Evol 2011; 4:102-9. [PMID: 22155733 PMCID: PMC3273164 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evr134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in gene expression during development play an important role in shaping morphological and behavioral differences, including between humans and nonhuman primates. Although many of the most striking developmental changes occur during early development, reproductive maturation represents another critical window in primate life history. However, this process is difficult to study at the molecular level in natural primate populations. Here, we took advantage of ovarian samples made available through an unusual episode of human-wildlife conflict to identify genes that are important in this process. Specifically, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to compare genome-wide gene expression patterns in the ovarian tissue of juvenile and adult female baboons from Amboseli National Park, Kenya. We combined this information with prior evidence of selection occurring on two primate lineages (human and chimpanzee). We found that in cases in which genes were both differentially expressed over the course of ovarian maturation and also linked to lineage-specific selection this selective signature was much more likely to occur in regulatory regions than in coding regions. These results suggest that adaptive change in the development of the primate ovary may be largely driven at the mechanistic level by selection on gene regulation, potentially in relationship to the physiology or timing of female reproductive maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C. Babbitt
- Department of Biology, Duke University
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Jenny Tung
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University
| | - Gregory A. Wray
- Department of Biology, Duke University
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University
| | - Susan C. Alberts
- Department of Biology, Duke University
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University
- Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
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Pole J, Carmichael P, Griffin J. Identification of transcriptional biomarkers induced by SERMS in human endometrial cells using multivariate analysis of DNA microarrays. Biomarkers 2008; 9:447-60. [PMID: 15849065 DOI: 10.1080/13547500400022192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Functional genomic tools such as DNA microarrays are having a major impact on the drug-discovery process. Potentially, compounds with toxic responses can be identified and removed at a relatively early stage in the drug-development process before tests on animals or humans, solely on the gene expression profiles produced in cell culture. The study examined the expression profiles of primary cultured human endometrial cells treated with 17beta-oestradiol and the SERMs (selective oestrogen receptor modulators) tamoxifen and raloxifene. Primary cultures from three individuals were split into glandular epithelial cells and stromal cell types. Principal components and partial least-squares-discriminate analyses were employed to examine the transcript profile as a whole, identifying genes responsible for patient separation and those that might have an important role in tamoxifen-associated carcinogenesis. Using multivariate data analysis, transcriptional responses were identified in epithelial cells but not in stromal cells for the three SERMs examined. However, it was demonstrated that a major problem associated with using primary cultures derived from human patients is the large transcriptional differences that might exist between the different cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pole
- Molecular Toxicology, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
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Hashimoto M, Hupert ML, Murphy MC, Soper SA, Cheng YW, Barany F. Ligase detection reaction/hybridization assays using three-dimensional microfluidic networks for the detection of low-abundant DNA point mutations. Anal Chem 2007; 77:3243-55. [PMID: 15889915 DOI: 10.1021/ac048184d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have fabricated a flow-through biochip assembly that consisted of two different microchips: (1) a polycarbonate (PC) chip for performing an allele-specific ligation detection reaction (LDR) and (2) a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chip for the detection of the LDR products using an universal array platform. The operation of the device was demonstrated by detecting low-abundant DNA mutations in gene fragments (K-ras) that carry point mutations with high diagnostic value for colorectal cancers. The PC microchip was used for the LDR in a continuous-flow format, in which two primers (discriminating primer that carried the complement base to the mutation being interrogated and a common primer) that flanked the point mutation and were ligated only when the particular mutation was present in the genomic DNA. The miniaturized reactor architecture allowed enhanced reaction speed due to its high surface-to-volume ratio and efficient thermal management capabilities. A PMMA chip was employed as the microarray device, where zip code sequences (24-mers), which were complementary to sequences present on the target, were microprinted into fluidic channels embossed into the PMMA substrate. Microfluidic addressing of the array reduced the hybridization time significantly through enhanced mass transport to the surface-tethered zip code probes. The two microchips were assembled as a single integrated unit with a novel interconnect concept to produce the flow-through microfluidic biochip. A microgasket, fabricated from an elastomer poly(dimethylsiloxane) with a total volume of the interconnecting assembly of <200 nL, was used as the interconnect between the two chips to produce the three-dimensional microfluidic network. We successfully demonstrated the ability to detect one mutant DNA in 100 normal sequences with the biochip assembly. The LDR/hybridization assay using the assembly performed the entire assay at a relatively fast processing speed: 6.5 min for on-chip LDR, 10 min for washing, and 2.6 min for fluorescence scanning (total processing time 19.1 min) and could screen multiple mutations simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Hashimoto
- Center for Bio-Modular Multi-Scale Systems, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Abstract
The application of high throughput expression profiling and other advanced molecular biology laboratory techniques has revolutionised the management of cancers and is gaining attention in the field of gynaecological cancers. Such new approaches may help to improve our understanding of carcinogenesis and facilitate screening and early detection of gynaecological cancers and their precursors. Individualised prediction of patients' responses to therapy and design of personalised molecular targeted therapy is also possible. The studies of various molecular targets involved in the various signal pathways related to carcinogenesis are particularly relevant to such applications. At the moment, the application of detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus in management of cervical cancer is one of the most well established appliances of molecular targets in gynaecological cancers. Methylation, telomerase and clonality studies are also potentially useful, especially in assisting diagnosis of difficult clinical scenarios. This post-genomic era of clinical medicine will continue to make a significant impact in routine pathology practice. The contribution of pathologists is indispensable in analysis involving tissue microarray. On the other hand, both pathologists and bedside clinicians should be aware of the limitation of these molecular targets. Interpretation must be integrated with clinical and histopathological context to avoid misleading judgement. The importance of quality assurance of all such molecular techniques and their ethical implications cannot be over-emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie N Y Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
Genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, which can be also summarized as 'omics', have become increasingly inter-related with imaging. Gene expression profiling may be assessed using high-density microarrays for the detection of overexpression patterns, followed by the development of histochemical assays. Next, antibodies to the gene-corresponding proteins (for example, receptors) can be produced, leading to serum immunoassays for follow-up, as well as antibody-guided in vivo imaging or therapy. In vivo imaging for cancer detection and/or therapy can be performed by applying nonlabeled antibodies, by using radiolabeled antibodies for detection using single-photon tomography or positron emission tomography (PET), or by other tracers, for example, for magnetic resonance imaging tomography (MRI, MRT). Protein profiles from protein chips can be derived from mass maps obtained through mass spectrometry (MS). Electrophoretic separation of proteins has also been combined with MS to produce a two-dimensional assignment of proteins within a complex mixture. Overexpression of tumor-related proteins can be used for the development of antibodies to develop noninvasive assays that can be used in the screening of risk groups as a basis for further investigation by invasive imaging methods. Metabolomic profiling by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be applied for the detection of biomarkers of the metabolome. Metabolite profiles in cells, tissues, and organisms can be generated with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MS. Metabolic information provided by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) combined with the anatomical information provided by MRI can significantly improve the assessment of cancer location and extent, and cancer aggressiveness. Biomarkers found by MRSI can lead to new PET tracers. This article provides examples and discusses some of the recent achievements to bring forward novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Oehr
- University of Bonn, Bio-Med-Pharma Consulting, Am Buechel 53a, 53173 Bonn, Germany.
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Schaner ME, Davidson B, Skrede M, Reich R, Flørenes VA, Risberg B, Berner A, Goldberg I, Givant-Horwitz V, Tropè CG, Kristensen GB, Nesland JM, Børresen-Dale AL. Variation in gene expression patterns in effusions and primary tumors from serous ovarian cancer patients. Mol Cancer 2005; 4:26. [PMID: 16042759 PMCID: PMC1236614 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-4-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 07/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While numerous studies have characterized primary ovarian tumors, little information is available regarding expression patterns of metastatic sites of this cancer. To define sets of genes that distinguish primary and metastatic ovarian tumors, we used cDNA microarrays to characterize global gene expression patterns in 38 effusions (28 peritoneal, 10 pleural) and 8 corresponding primary ovarian tumors, and searched for associations between expression patterns and clinical parameters. Results We observed multidimensional variation in expression patterns among the cancers. Coordinate variation in expression of genes from two chromosomal regions, 8q and 19q, was seen in subsets of the cancers indicating possible amplifications in these regions. A set of 112 unique genes of known function was differentially expressed between primary tumors and effusions using supervised analysis. Relatively few differences were seen between effusions isolated from the pleural and peritoneal cavities or between effusions from patients diagnosed with stage III and stage IV cancers. A set of 84 unique genes was identified that distinguished high from lower grade ovarian cancers. The results were corroborated using immunocytochemistry, mRNA in situ hybridization, and immunoblotting. Conclusion The extensive variation in expression patterns observed underscores the molecular heterogeneity of ovarian cancer, but suggests a similar molecular profile for ovarian carcinoma cells in serosal cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci E Schaner
- Departments of Biochemistry (M.E.S.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5151, USA
| | - Ben Davidson
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Martina Skrede
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Reuven Reich
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Vivi Ann Flørenes
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Risberg
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aasmund Berner
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Iris Goldberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Deceased
| | - Vered Givant-Horwitz
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Claes G Tropè
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar B Kristensen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jahn M Nesland
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, Norway
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Gilks CB, Vanderhyden BC, Zhu S, van de Rijn M, Longacre TA. Distinction between serous tumors of low malignant potential and serous carcinomas based on global mRNA expression profiling. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 96:684-94. [PMID: 15721412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The molecular pathogenesis of ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential (S-LMP) is not well understood, although the collective data suggest that they arise through molecular mechanisms distinct from those leading to conventional serous carcinomas (S-Ca). To further examine the molecular differences between these two diseases, we studied the gene expression pattern of ovarian S-LMP and S-Ca using high-density spotted cDNA and tissue microarrays. METHODS Total RNA from 23 ovarian S-LMP and S-Ca was analyzed on 43,200 spot cDNA microarrays and the differential expression of proteins encoded by differentially expressed genes was validated using tissue microarrays. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of filtered data showed a complete separation between S-LMP and S-Ca, based predominantly on a small set of genes expressed at higher levels in S-LMP than in S-Ca. Many genes previously identified as up-regulated in ovarian carcinoma relative to normal ovarian tissue were expressed at even higher levels in S-LMP. These genes included mucin-1, mesothelin, HE4, PAX 8, and apolipoprotein J/clusterin. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays confirmed higher expression of selected proteins encoded by these genes in the S-LMP. Few genes were expressed at a higher level in S-Ca; these included E2F1, topoisomerase IIalpha, and cyclin E, with higher levels of cyclin E protein confirmed by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS S-LMP and S-Ca are distinguished at the molecular level by a relatively small gene set, suggesting the pathogenesis of S-LMP as well as S-Ca may involve molecular pathways that escape detection by global gene expression profiling. In order to obtain biologically and clinically relevant information about the mechanisms involved in ovarian carcinogenesis, future studies based on molecular profiles of ovarian cancer should include analyses of low malignant potential tumors. Inclusion of such tumors is also critical to the evaluation of the efficacy of potential new diagnostic and/or therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Blake Gilks
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre of the Department of Pathology and Prostate Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Canada
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Pokorski JK, Witschi MA, Purnell BL, Appella DH. (S,S)-trans-cyclopentane-constrained peptide nucleic acids. a general backbone modification that improves binding affinity and sequence specificity. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 126:15067-73. [PMID: 15548003 DOI: 10.1021/ja046280q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Replacing the ethylenediamine portion of aminoethylglycine peptide nucleic acids (aegPNAs) with one or more (S,S)-trans-cyclopentane diamine units significantly increases binding affinity and sequence specificity to complementary DNA, making these modified PNAs ideal for use as nucleic acid probes in genomic analysis. The synthesis and study of this new class of PNAs (tcypPNAs) is described in which trans-cyclopentane diamine has been incorporated into several positions, and in varying number, within PNA backbones of mixed-base sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Pokorski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Zhang ZW, Zhou YM, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Tao SC, Li Z, Zhang Q, Cheng J. Sensitive detection of SARS coronavirus RNA by a novel asymmetric multiplex nested RT-PCR amplification coupled with oligonucleotide microarray hybridization. METHODS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2005; 114:59-78. [PMID: 16156097 PMCID: PMC7122606 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-923-0:59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a sensitive method for the detection of specific genes simultaneously. First, DNA was amplified by a novel asymmetric multiplex PCR with universal primer(s). Second, the 6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA)-labeled PCR products were hybridized specifically with oligonucleotide microarrays. Finally, matched duplexes were detected by using a laser-induced fluorescence scanner. The usefulness of this method was illustrated by analyzing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus RNA. The detection limit was 10(0) copies/microL. The results of the asymmetric multiplex nested reverse transcription-PCR were in agreement with the results of the microarray hybridization; no hybridization signal was lost as happened with applicons from symmetric amplifications. This reliable method can be used to the identification of other microorganisms, screening of genetic diseases, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-wei Zhang
- Department of Biiological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Scorilas A, Borgoño CA, Harbeck N, Dorn J, Schmalfeldt B, Schmitt M, Diamandis EP. Human kallikrein 13 protein in ovarian cancer cytosols: a new favorable prognostic marker. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:678-85. [PMID: 14966091 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Human kallikrein 13 (hK13; encoded by the KLK13 gene) is a secreted serine protease expressed in endocrine tissues, including the prostate, testis, breast, and ovary. We have previously reported steroid hormone regulation of the KLK13 gene and its clinical value as a marker of favorable prognosis in breast cancer at the mRNA level. We hypothesized that hK13 may represent a potential biomarker for ovarian carcinomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hK13 levels were quantified in 131 ovarian tumor extracts and correlated with various clinicopathological variables and outcome (progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS]), over a median follow-up period of 42 months. RESULTS hK13 concentration in ovarian tumor cytosols ranged from 0 to 18.4 ng/mg of total protein. An optimal cutoff value of 0.13 ng/mg (67(th) percentile) was selected, based on the ability of hK13 values to predict the PFS of the study population, to categorize tumors as hK13-positive or negative. Women with hK13-positive tumors most often had early stage (stage I/II) disease, no residual tumor after surgery and optimal debulking success (P <.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that patients with hK13-positive tumors had a significantly longer PFS and OS than hK13-negative patients (P <.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves further confirmed a reduced risk of relapse and death in women with hK13-positive tumors (P =.007 and P =.002, respectively). CONCLUSION These results indicate that hK13 is an independent marker of favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Athens, Greece
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Schaner ME, Ross DT, Ciaravino G, Sorlie T, Troyanskaya O, Diehn M, Wang YC, Duran GE, Sikic TL, Caldeira S, Skomedal H, Tu IP, Hernandez-Boussard T, Johnson SW, O'Dwyer PJ, Fero MJ, Kristensen GB, Borresen-Dale AL, Hastie T, Tibshirani R, van de Rijn M, Teng NN, Longacre TA, Botstein D, Brown PO, Sikic BI. Gene expression patterns in ovarian carcinomas. Mol Biol Cell 2003; 14:4376-86. [PMID: 12960427 PMCID: PMC266758 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e03-05-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We used DNA microarrays to characterize the global gene expression patterns in surface epithelial cancers of the ovary. We identified groups of genes that distinguished the clear cell subtype from other ovarian carcinomas, grade I and II from grade III serous papillary carcinomas, and ovarian from breast carcinomas. Six clear cell carcinomas were distinguished from 36 other ovarian carcinomas (predominantly serous papillary) based on their gene expression patterns. The differences may yield insights into the worse prognosis and therapeutic resistance associated with clear cell carcinomas. A comparison of the gene expression patterns in the ovarian cancers to published data of gene expression in breast cancers revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes. We identified a group of 62 genes that correctly classified all 125 breast and ovarian cancer specimens. Among the best discriminators more highly expressed in the ovarian carcinomas were PAX8 (paired box gene 8), mesothelin, and ephrin-B1 (EFNB1). Although estrogen receptor was expressed in both the ovarian and breast cancers, genes that are coregulated with the estrogen receptor in breast cancers, including GATA-3, LIV-1, and X-box binding protein 1, did not show a similar pattern of coexpression in the ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci E Schaner
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5151, USA
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Weston GC, Ponnampalam A, Vollenhoven BJ, Healy DL, Rogers PAW. Genomics in obstetrics and gynaecology. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2003; 43:264-72. [PMID: 14714710 DOI: 10.1046/j.0004-8666.2003.00085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
With the Human Genome Project complete, and microarray technology progressing rapidly, the study of whole genomes has become a reality. The emerging field of genomics is full of promise, has become a cornerstone of commercial drug development, and looks certain to make a major contribution to clinical practice in the future. There is an increasing number of genomic studies concerned with obstetric and gynaecological conditions. Despite this, clinicians in their busy practices often lack a basic understanding of genomics and the tools involved in generating genome-based information. In the present review, we aim to provide the clinician with a basic overview of genomics--what it is, what tools it uses, and how it may benefit our patients. The existing published reports on genomic studies in the reproductive field is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth C Weston
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
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Wang Y, Vaidya B, Farquar HD, Stryjewski W, Hammer RP, McCarley RL, Soper SA, Cheng YW, Barany F. Microarrays assembled in microfluidic chips fabricated from poly(methyl methacrylate) for the detection of low-abundant DNA mutations. Anal Chem 2003; 75:1130-40. [PMID: 12641233 DOI: 10.1021/ac020683w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-density arrays were assembled into microfluidic channels hot-embossed in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to allow the detection of low-abundant mutations in gene fragments (K-ras) that carry point mutations with high diagnostic value for colorectal cancers. Following spotting, the chip was assembled with a cover plate and the array accessed using microfluidics in order to enhance the kinetics associated with hybridization. The array was configured with zip code sequences (24-mers) that were complementary to sequences present on the target. The hybridization targets were generated using an allele-specific ligase detection reaction (LDR), in which two primers (discriminating primer that carriers the complement base to the mutation being interrogated and a common primer) that flank the point mutation and were ligated joined together) only when the particular mutation was present in the genomic DNA. The discriminating primer contained on its 5'-end the zip code complement (directs the LDR product to the appropriate site of the array), and the common primer carried on its 3' end a fluorescent dye (near-IR dye IRD-800). The coupling chemistry (5'-amine-containing oligonucleotide tethered to PMMA surface) was optimized to maximize the loading level of the zip code oligonucleotide, improve hybridization sensitivity (detection of low-abundant mutant DNAs in high copy numbers of normal sequences), and increase the stability of the linkage chemistry to permit re-interrogation of the array. It was found that microfluidic addressing of the array reduced the hybridization time from 3 h for a conventional array to less than 1 min. In addition, the coupling chemistry allowed reuse of the array > 12 times before noticing significant loss of hybridization signal. The array was used to detect a point mutation in a K-ras oncogene at a level of 1 mutant DNA in 10,000 wild-type sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, USA
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Gao H, Tao S, Wang D, Zhang C, Ma X, Cheng J, Zhou Y. Comparison of Different Methods for Preparing Single Stranded DNA for Oligonucleotide Microarray. ANAL LETT 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120025260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Current Awareness on Comparative and Functional Genomics. Comp Funct Genomics 2002. [PMCID: PMC2448418 DOI: 10.1002/cfg.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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