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Negi N, Selvamani SB, Ramasamy GG, Nagarjuna Reddy KV, Pathak J, Thiruvengadam V, Mohan M, Dubey VK, Sushil SN. Identification and expression dynamics of CYPome across different developmental stages of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101305. [PMID: 39128380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Maconellicoccus hirsutus is a highly polyphagous insect pest, posing a substantial threat to various crop sp., especially in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. While extensive physiological and biological studies have been conducted on this pest, the lack of genetic information has hindered our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its growth, development, and xenobiotic metabolism. The Cytochrome P450 gene, a member of the CYP gene superfamily ubiquitous in living organisms is associated with growth, development, and the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substances, contributing to the insect's adaptability in diverse environments. To elucidate the specific role of the CYP450 gene family in M. hirsutus which has remained largely unexplored, a de novo transcriptome assembly of the pink mealybug was constructed. A total of 120 proteins were annotated as CYP450 genes through homology search of the predicted protein sequences across different databases. Phylogenetic studies resulted in categorizing 120 CYP450 genes into four CYP clans. A total of 22 CYP450 families and 30 subfamilies were categorized, with CYP6 forming the dominant family. The study also revealed five genes (Halloween genes) associated with the insect hormone biosynthesis pathway. Further, the expression of ten selected CYP450 genes was studied using qRT-PCR across crawler, nymph, and adult stages, and identified genes that were expressed at specific stages of the insects. Thus, the findings of this study reveal the expression dynamics and possible function of the CYP450 gene family in the growth, development, and adaptive strategies of M. hirsutus which can be further functionally validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Negi
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India; Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492012, India. https://twitter.com/NegiNikita92892
| | - Selva Babu Selvamani
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India. https://twitter.com/MithranSelva
| | - Gandhi Gracy Ramasamy
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India.
| | - K V Nagarjuna Reddy
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India; Department of Entomology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab - 144411, India. https://twitter.com/arjun06001332
| | - Jyoti Pathak
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India
| | - Venkatesan Thiruvengadam
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India
| | - Muthugounder Mohan
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Dubey
- Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492012, India
| | - Satya N Sushil
- ICAR - National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore - 560024, India
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Wang Z, Hao W, Wang H, Deng P, Li T, Wang C, Zhao J, Chen C, Ji W, Liu X. Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Family in 19 Aphid Species and Their Expression Analysis in 4 Cereal Crop Aphids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6668. [PMID: 38928374 PMCID: PMC11203792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s) play a variety of physiological roles, including pesticide resistance, plant allelochemical detoxification, and hormone metabolism catalysis. However, limited information is available on the classification and expression profiles of the CYP450 gene family in aphid species. This is the first study to identify the cytochrome P450 gene family in 19 aphid species at the whole genome level. A total of 1100 CYP450 genes were identified in 19 aphid species. Three hundred CYP450 genes belonged to six cereal crop aphid species, which were further classified into four subfamilies according to the phylogenetic relationship. The conserved motifs, exon-intron structures, and genomic organization of the same subfamilies were similar. Predictions of subcellular localization revealed that the endoplasmic reticulum harbored the majority of CYP450 proteins. In Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum maidis, the increase in the CYP450 gene was primarily caused by segmental duplication events. However, only tandem duplication occurred in the CYP450 gene family of Diuraphis noxia, Rhopalosiphum padi, Schizaphis graminum, and Sitobion miscanthi. Synteny analysis found three continuous colinear CYP450 gene pairs among six cereal crop aphid species. Furthermore, we obtained the expression profiles of four cereal crop aphids, including R. padi, D. noxia, S. graminum, and S. avenae. Differential expression analysis provided growth stage specificity genes, tissue specificity genes, organ specificity genes and some detoxification metabolic genes among these four cereal crop aphids. Meanwhile, their expression patterns were showed. The related functions and pathways of CYP450s were revealed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Above all, we picked the differentially expressed CYP450 genes from all of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These differentially expressed CYP450 genes provided some new potential candidates for aphid control and management. This work establishes the foundation for further investigations into the regulatory functions of the CYP450 gene family in aphid species and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Weixi Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
| | - Pingchuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Changyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chunhuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Wanquan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xinlun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.W.); (W.H.); (H.W.); (P.D.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.Z.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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Awad M, Alfuhaid NA, Amer A, Hassan NN, Moustafa MAM. Towards Sustainable Pest Management: Toxicity, Biochemical Effects, and Molecular Docking Analysis of Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil on Agrotis ipsilon and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:669-681. [PMID: 38478300 PMCID: PMC11074029 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, essential oils (EOs) have become potential ingredients for insecticide formulations due to their widespread availability and perceived safety. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and biochemical efficacy of basil (Ocimum basilicum) (Lamiaceae) against two destructive pests Noctuidae, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) and Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In addition, a molecular docking study was performed to gain insight into the binding pattern between glutathione S-transferase (GST) and linalool, the main component of EO. GC-MS analysis of O. basilicum EO revealed that linalool is the most abundant compound (29.34%). However, the toxicity tests showed no significant difference between the values of LC50 of O. basilicum EO to A. ipsilon and S. littoralis. On the other hand, the sublethal experiments indicated that treating the second instar larvae with LC15 or LC50 values of O. basilicum EO significantly prolonged the larval duration in both insects, compared to the control. Regarding the biochemical effect of O. basilicum EO, the treatments significantly impacted the activity of detoxification enzymes. A notable elevation in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was recorded in A. ipsilon larvae compared with a reduction in S. littoralis larvae. The molecular docking analysis revealed that linalool bonded with the amino acid serine (SER 9) of GST, indicating its binding affinity with the enzyme. The obtained results could offer valuable insights into the mode of action of O. basilicum and can encourage the adoption of sustainable pest control practices that incorporate essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Awad
- Dept of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nawal Abdulaziz Alfuhaid
- Dept of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulziz Univ, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia Amer
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nancy N Hassan
- Dept of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ, Giza, Egypt
| | - Moataz A M Moustafa
- Dept of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ, Giza, Egypt.
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Liu J, Liao C, Li Z, Shi X, Wu X. Synergistic resistance of honeybee (Apis mellifera) and their gut microorganisms to fluvalinate stress. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105865. [PMID: 38685241 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Fluvalinate is widely used in the control of Varroa destructor, but its residues in colonies threaten honeybees. The effect of fluvalinate-induced dysbiosis on honeybee-related gene expression and the gut microenvironment of honeybees has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, two-day-old larvae to seven-day-old adult worker bees were continuously fed different amounts of fluvalinate-sucrose solutions (0, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg), after which the expression levels of two immune-related genes (Hymenoptaecin and Defensin1) and three detoxication-related genes (GSTS3, CAT, and CYP450) in worker bees (1, 7, and 20 days old) were measured. The effect of fluvalinate on the gut microbes of worker bees at seven days old also was explored using 16S rRNA Illumina deep sequencing. The results showed that exposure of honeybees to the insecticide fluvalinate affected their gene expression and gut microbial composition. As the age of honeybees increased, the effect of fluvalinate on the expression of Hymenoptaecin, CYP450, and CAT decreased, and the abundance of honeybee gut bacteria was affected by increasing the fluvalinate concentration. These findings provide insights into the synergistic defense of honeybee hosts against exogenous stresses in conjunction with honeybee gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Chunhua Liao
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Xinxin Shi
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Wu
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
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Zheng KY, Zhang XY, Lisan F, Lai WQ, Zhang Q, Lv JL, Lu ZP, Qin S, Sun X, Zhang SZ, Wang XY, Dai LS, Li MW. Uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase is vital for fenpropathrin resistance in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38613398 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an important model lepidopteran insect and can be used to identify pesticide resistance-related genes of great significance for biological control of pests. Uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferases (UGTs), found in all organisms, are the main secondary enzymes involved in the metabolism of heterologous substances. However, it remains uncertain if silkworm resistance to fenpropathrin involves UGT. This study observes significant variations in BmUGT expression among B. mori strains with variable fenpropathrin resistance post-feeding, indicating BmUGT's role in fenpropathrin detoxification. Knockdown of BmUGT with RNA interference and overexpression of BmUGT significantly decreased and increased BmN cell activity, respectively, indicating that BmUGT plays an important role in the resistance of silkworms to fenpropathrin. In addition, fenpropathrin residues were significantly reduced after incubation for 12 h with different concentrations of a recombinant BmUGT fusion protein. Finally, we verified the conservation of UGT to detoxify fenpropathrin in Spodoptera exigua: Its resistance to fenpropathrin decreased significantly after knocking down SeUGT. In a word, UGT plays an important role in silkworm resistance to fenpropathrin by directly degrading the compound, a function seen across other insects. The results of this study are of great significance for breeding silkworm varieties with high resistance and for biological control of pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yi Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fasihul Lisan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen-Qin Lai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun-Li Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sheng Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shang-Zhi Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mu-Wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
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Wang A, Zhang Y, Liu S, Xue C, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Yang Y, Zhang J. Molecular mechanisms of cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification of tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38563228 DOI: 10.1017/s000748532300038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a highly damaging invasive omnivorous pest that has developed varying degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate, the enzyme activity, synergistic effect, and RNA interference were implemented in S. frugiperda. The functions of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) in the tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate in S. frugiperda was determined by analysing changes in detoxification metabolic enzyme activity and the effects of enzyme inhibitors on susceptibility to the three insecticides. 102 P450 genes were screened via transcriptome and genome, of which 67 P450 genes were differentially expressed in response to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate and validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression patterns of CYP9A75, CYP340AA4, CYP340AX8v2, CYP340L16, CYP341B15v2, and CYP341B17v2 were analysed in different tissues and at different developmental stages in S. frugiperda. Silencing CYP340L16 significantly increased the susceptibility of S. frugiperda to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate. Furthermore, knockdown of CYP340AX8v2, CYP9A75, and CYP341B17v2 significantly increased the sensitivity of S. frugiperda to tetraniliprole. Knockdown of CYP340AX8v2 and CYP340AA4 significantly increased mortality of S. frugiperda to spinetoram. Knockdown of CYP9A75 and CYP341B15v2 significantly increased the susceptibility of S. frugiperda to emamectin benzoate. These results may help to elucidate the mechanisms of tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram and emamectin benzoate in S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyu Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Shaofang Liu
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Shandong Province Yuncheng County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Yuncheng, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Yuanxue Yang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
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Hu Y, Wang L, Yang G, Wang S, Guo M, Lu H, Zhang T. VDR promotes testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells via regulation of cholesterol side chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (Cyp11a1) expression. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1377-1387. [PMID: 37747642 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the pleiotropic biological actions that include osteoporosis, immune responses and androgen synthesis.VDR is widely expressed in testis cells such as Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and sperm. The levels of steroids are critical for sexual development. In the early stage of steroidogenesis, cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone (precursor of most steroid hormones) by cholesterol side-chain lyase (CYP11A1), which eventually synthesizes the male hormone testosterone. OBJECTIVE This study aims to reveal how VDR regulates CYP11A1 expression and affects testosterone synthesis in murine Leydig cells. METHODS The levels of VDR, CYP11A1 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot. Targeted relationship between VDR and Cyp11a1 was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The levels of testosterone concentrations in cell culture media serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Phylogenetic and motif analysis showed that the Cyp11a1 family had sequence loss, which may have special biological functions during evolution. The results of promoter prediction showed that vitamin D response element (VDRE) existed in the upstream promoter region of murine Cyp11a1. Dual-luciferase assay confirmed that VDR could bind candidate VDREs in upstream region of Cyp11a1, and enhance gene expression. Tissue distribution and localizatio analysis showed that Cyp11a1 was mainly expressed in testis, and dominantly existed in murine Leydig cells. Furthermore, over-expression VDR and CYP11A1 significantly increased testosterone synthesis in mice Leydig cells. CONCLUSIONS Active vitamin D3 (VD3) and Vdr interference treatment showed that VD3/VDR had a positive regulatory effect on Cyp11a1 expression and testosterone secretion. VDR promotes testosterone synthesis in male mice by up-regulating Cyp11a1 expression, which played an important role for male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Ge Yang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Miaomiao Guo
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
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Feyereisen R, Urban JM, Nelson DR. Aliens in the CYPome of the black fungus gnat, Bradysia coprophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 159:103965. [PMID: 37271423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diverse cytochrome P450 enzymes of insects play essential physiological roles and also play important roles in the metabolism of environmental chemicals such as insecticides. We manually curated the complement of P450 (CYP) genes, or CYPome, of the black fungus gnat, Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (Diptera, Sciaroidea), a species with a variable number of chromosomes. This CYPome carries two types of "alien" P450 genes. The first type of alien P450s was found among the 163 CYP genes of the core genome (autosomes and X). They consist of 28 sequences resulting from horizontal gene transfer, with closest sequences not found in insects, but in other arthropods, often Collembola. These genes are not contaminants, because they are expressed genes with introns, found in synteny with regular dipteran genes, also found in B. odoriphaga and B. hygida. Two such "alien" genes are representatives of CYP clans not otherwise found in insects, a CYP53 sequence related to fungal CYP53 genes, and a CYP19-like sequence similar to some collembolan sequences but of unclear origin. The second type of alien P450s are represented by 99 sequences from germline-restricted chromosomes (GRC). While most are P450 pseudogenes, 33 are apparently intact, with half being more closely related to P450s from Cecidomyiidae than from Sciaridae, thus supporting the hypothesis of a cross-family hybridization origin of the GRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Feyereisen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - John M Urban
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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Wang L, Fu H, Zhao J, Wang J, Dong S, Yuan X, Li X, Chen M. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family in Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1138. [PMID: 36904001 PMCID: PMC10005783 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a critical superfamily of multifunctional enzymes in plants. As a ligand or binding protein, GSTs regulate plant growth and development and detoxification. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv) could respond to abiotic stresses through a highly complex multi-gene regulatory network in which the GST family is also involved. However, GST genes have been scarcely studied in foxtail millet. Genome-wide identification and expression characteristics analysis of the foxtail millet GST gene family were conducted by biological information technology. The results showed that 73 GST genes (SiGSTs) were identified in the foxtail millet genome and were divided into seven classes. The chromosome localization results showed uneven distribution of GSTs on the seven chromosomes. There were 30 tandem duplication gene pairs belonging to 11 clusters. Only one pair of SiGSTU1 and SiGSTU23 were identified as fragment duplication genes. A total of ten conserved motifs were identified in the GST family of foxtail millet. The gene structure of SiGSTs is relatively conservative, but the number and length of exons of each gene are still different. The cis-acting elements in the promoter region of 73 SiGST genes showed that 94.5% of SiGST genes possessed defense and stress-responsive elements. The expression profiles of 37 SiGST genes covering 21 tissues suggested that most SiGST genes were expressed in multiple organs and were highly expressed in roots and leaves. By qPCR analysis, we found that 21 SiGST genes were responsive to abiotic stresses and abscisic acid (ABA). Taken together, this study provides a theoretical basis for identifying foxtail millet GST family information and improving their responses to different stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi 661100, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiagang Wang
- National Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding (in preparation), Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Shuqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Mingxun Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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10
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Zhang HC, Shi CY, Zhao WJ, Chen GW, Liu DZ. Toxicity of herbicide glyphosate to planarian Dugesia japonica and its potential molecular mechanisms. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106425. [PMID: 36805197 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is one of the most widely used agrochemicals in the world, and its exposure has become a public health concern. The freshwater planarian is an ideal test organism for detecting the toxicity of pollutants and has been an emerging animal model in toxicological studies. Nevertheless, the underlying toxicity mechanism of GLY to planarians has not been thoroughly explored. To elucidate the toxicity effects and molecular mechanism involved in GLY exposure of planarians, we studied the acute toxicity, histological change, and transcriptional response of Dugesia japonica subjected to GLY. Significant morphological malformations and histopathological changes were observed in planarians after GLY exposure for different times. Also, a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained at 1, 3 and 5 d after exposure; Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of these DEGs were performed, and a global and dynamic view was obtained in planarians upon GLY exposure at the transcriptomic level. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted on nine DEGs associated with detoxification, apoptosis, stress response, DNA repair, etc. The expression patterns were well consistent with the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) results at different time points, which confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the transcriptome data. Collectively, our results established that GLY could pose adverse effects on the morphology and histo-architecture of D. japonica, and the planarians are capable of responding to the disadvantageous stress by dysregulating the related genes and pathways concerning immune response, detoxification, energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, etc. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of transcriptomic analyses of freshwater planarians exposed to environmental pollutants, and it provided detailed sequencing data deriving from transcriptome profiling to deepen our understanding the molecular toxicity mechanism of GLY to planarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Cai Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chang-Ying Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guang-Wen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - De-Zeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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11
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Lee SA, Kim V, Choi B, Lee H, Chun YJ, Cho KS, Kim D. Functional Characterization of Drosophila melanogaster CYP6A8 Fatty Acid Hydroxylase. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:82-88. [PMID: 35934685 PMCID: PMC9810445 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic analysis indicated that the genome of Drosophila melanogaster contains more than 80 cytochrome P450 genes. To date, the enzymatic activity of these P450s has not been extensively studied. Here, the biochemical properties of CYP6A8 were characterized. CYP6A8 was cloned into the pCW vector, and its recombinant enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using Ni2+-nitrilotriacetate affinity chromatography. Its expression level was approximately 130 nmol per liter of culture. Purified CYP6A8 exhibited a low-spin state in the absolute spectra of the ferric forms. Binding titration analysis indicated that lauric acid and capric acid produced type І spectral changes, with Kd values 28 ± 4 and 144 ± 20 μM, respectively. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the oxidation reaction of lauric acid produced (ω-1)-hydroxylated lauric acid as a major product and ω-hydroxy-lauric acid as a minor product. Steady-state kinetic analysis of lauric acid hydroxylation yielded a kcat value of 0.038 ± 0.002 min-1 and a Km value of 10 ± 2 μM. In addition, capric acid hydroxylation of CYP6A8 yielded kinetic parameters with a kcat value of 0.135 ± 0.007 min-1 and a Km value of 21 ± 4 μM. Because of the importance of various lipids as carbon sources, the metabolic analysis of fatty acids using CYP6A8 in this study can provide an understanding of the biochemical roles of P450 enzymes in many insects, including Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-A Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Republic of Korea
| | - Vitchan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungyun Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sang Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05025, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Author E-mail: , Tel: +82-2-450-3366, Fax: +82-2-3436-5432
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12
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Pathak J, Ramasamy GG, Agrawal A, Srivastava S, Basavaarya BR, Muthugounder M, Muniyappa VK, Maria P, Rai A, Venkatesan T. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis to Reveal Differentially Expressed Cytochrome P450 in Response to Imidacloprid in the Aphid Lion, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Petersen). INSECTS 2022; 13:900. [PMID: 36292848 PMCID: PMC9604014 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aphid lion, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is a highly effective beneficial predator of many agricultural pests and has developed resistance to several insecticides. Understanding the molecular mechanism of insecticide resistance in the predators is crucial for its effective application in IPM programs. Therefore, transcriptomes of imidacloprid-resistant and susceptible strains have been assessed using RNA-seq. Cytochrome P450 is one of the important gene families involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Hence, our study focused on the CYP gene family where mining, nomenclature, and phylogenetic analysis revealed a total of 95 unique CYP genes with considerable expansion in CYP3 and CYP4 clans. Further, differential gene expression (DGE) analysis revealed ten CYP genes from CYP3 and CYP4 clans to be differentially expressed, out of which nine genes (CYP4419A1, CYP4XK1, CYP4416A10, CYP4416A-fragment8, CYP6YL1, CYP6YH6, CYP9GK-fragment16, CYP9GN2, CYP9GK6) were downregulated and one (CYP9GK3) was upregulated in the resistant strain as compared to the susceptible strain. Expression validation by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is consistent with the DGE results. The expansion and differential expression of CYP genes may be an indicator of the capacity of the predator to detoxify a particular group of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Pathak
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Gandhi Gracy Ramasamy
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Aditi Agrawal
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Subhi Srivastava
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Bhusangar Raghavendra Basavaarya
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Mohan Muthugounder
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Venugopal Kundalagurki Muniyappa
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Pratheepa Maria
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Thiruvengadam Venkatesan
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
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13
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Kotze AC, Bagnall NH, Ruffell AP, George SD, Rolls NM. Resistance to dicyclanil and imidacloprid in the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, in Australia. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4195-4206. [PMID: 35690912 PMCID: PMC9540573 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sheep blowfly, Lucila cuprina, is a myiasis-causing parasite responsible for significant production losses and welfare issues for the Australian sheep industry. Control relies largely on the use of insecticides. The pyrimidine compound, dicyclanil, is the predominant control chemical, although other insecticides also are used, including imidacloprid, ivermectin, cyromazine and spinosad. We investigated in vitro resistance patterns and mechanisms in field-collected blowfly strains. RESULTS The Walgett 2019 strain showed significant levels of resistance to both dicyclanil and imidacloprid, with resistance factors at the IC50 of 26- and 17-fold, respectively, in in vitro bioassays. Co-treatment with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, aminobenzotriazole, resulted in significant levels of synergism for dicyclanil and imidacloprid (synergism ratios of 7.2- and 6.1-fold, respectively), implicating cytochrome P450 in resistance to both insecticides. Cyp12d1 transcription levels were increased up to 40-fold throughout the larval life stages in the resistant strain compared to a reference susceptible strain, whereas transcription levels of some other cyp genes (6g1, 4d1, 28d1) did not differ between the strains. Similar resistance levels also were observed in flies collected from the same property in two subsequent years. CONCLUSION This study indicates that in vitro resistance to both dicyclanil and imidacloprid in this field-collected blowfly strain is likely mediated by cytochrome P450, with Cyp12d1 implicated as the enzyme responsible; however, it remains possible that another P450 also may be involved. A common resistance mechanism for the two drugs has important implications for drug rotation strategies designed to prolong the useful life of flystrike control chemicals. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Kotze
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Neil H Bagnall
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Angela P Ruffell
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sarah D George
- Elanco Australasia Pty LtdKemps CreekNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Nicholas M Rolls
- Elanco Australasia Pty Ltd.Macquarie ParkNew South WalesAustralia
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14
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Fu N, Li J, Ren L, Li X, Wang M, Li F, Zong S, Luo Y. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Monochamus saltuarius reveals its adaptation and interaction mechanism with pine wood nematode. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:325-336. [PMID: 36115455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) was reported as the vector beetle of the pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) in Japan and Europe. It was first reported to transmitted the PWN to native Pinus species in 2018 in Liaoning Province, China. However, the lack of genomic resources has limited the in-depth understanding of its interspecific relationship with PWN. Here, we obtained a chromosome-level reference genome of M. saltuarius combining Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies. We assembled the scaffolds into ten chromosomes (including an X chromosome) and obtained a 682.23 Mb chromosome-level genome with a N50 of 73.69 Mb. In total, 427.67 Mb (62.69 %) repeat sequences were identified and 14, 492 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 93.06 % were annotated. We described the mth/mthl, P450, OBP and OR gene families associated with the vector beetle's development and resistance, as well as the host selection and adaptation, which serve as a valuable resource for understanding the host adaptation in insects during evolution. This high quality reference genome of M. saltuarius also provide new avenues for researching the mechanism of this synergistic damage between vector beetles and PWN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | | | - Ming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fengqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Youqing Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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15
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Gong Z, Li T, Miao J, Duan Y, Jiang Y, Li H, Guo P, Wang X, Zhang J, Wu Y. A chromosome-level genome assembly of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) provides insights into the evolution of a detoxification system. G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2022; 12:6617839. [PMID: 35751604 PMCID: PMC9339269 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The orange wheat blossom midge Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), an economically important pest, has caused serious yield losses in most wheat-growing areas worldwide in the past half-century. A high-quality chromosome-level genome for S. mosellana was assembled using PacBio long read, Illumina short read, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The final genome assembly was 180.69 Mb, with contig and scaffold N50 sizes of 998.71 kb and 44.56 Mb, respectively. Hi-C scaffolding reliably anchored 4 pseudochromosomes, accounting for 99.67% of the assembled genome. In total, 12,269 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 91% were functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. mosellana and its close relative, the swede midge Contarinia nasturtii, diverged about 32.7 MYA. The S. mosellana genome showed high chromosomal synteny with the genome of Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae. The key gene families involved in the detoxification of plant secondary chemistry were analyzed. The high-quality S. mosellana genome data will provide an invaluable resource for research in a broad range of areas, including the biology, ecology, genetics, and evolution of midges, as well as insect–plant interactions and coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Gong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Jin Miao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yun Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yueli Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Pei Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management of the Southern of North China, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China , Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
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Nirusimhan V, Andrew Gideon D, Parashar A, Jeyachandran S, Jeyaraman J, Subbaraj G, Kulanthaivel L. Structural Modeling of Drosophila melanogaster Gut Cytochrome P450s and Docking Comparison of Fruit Fly Gut and Human Cytochrome P450s. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:299-316. [PMID: 35546755 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220511162234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a prominent model organism in developmental biology research and in studies related to pathophysiological conditions like cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The fruit fly gut contains several cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) which have central roles in Drosophila development and in the normal physiology of the gut. Since the crystal structures of these proteins have not been deciphered yet, we modeled the structure of 29 different D. melanogaster gut CYP450s using Prime (Schrödinger). The sequences of chosen D. melanogaster gut CYP450s were compared with that of their human counterparts. The common gut (and liver) microsomal CYP450s in humans were chosen for structural comparison to find the homology and identity % of D. melanogaster CYPs with that of their human counterparts. The modeled structures were validated using PROCHECK and the best fit models were used for docking several known human pharmacological agents/drugs to the modeled D. melanogaster gut CYP450s. Based on the binding affinities (ΔG values) of the selected drug molecules with the modeled fly gut CYPs, the plausible differences in metabolism of the prominent drugs in humans and fly were projected. The gut is involved in absorption of oral drugs/pharmacological agents and hence, upregulation of intestinal CYP450 and their reactions with endobiotics and xenobiotics is envisaged. The insights gleaned from this work can validate D. melanogaster as a model organism for studying intestinal drug metabolism, particularly in the context of a) toxicology of pharmacological agents to the gut cells and b) how gut P450 metabolites/products can influence gut homeostasis. This work can help establish a platform for further in vitro investigations on how intestinal CYP450 metabolism can influence gut health. The data from this work can be used for further in silico studies and this work can serve as a platform for future in vitro investigations on intestinal CYP450-mediated metabolism of endo- and xeno-biotics in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Nirusimhan
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Daniel Andrew Gideon
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Tennur, Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhinav Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sangavi Jeyachandran
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowthamkumar Subbaraj
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Langeswaran Kulanthaivel
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Meng F, Han H, Wang M, Jiang Y, Pi Z, Qu Y, Liu Z, Cai J. Characterized Gene Repertoires and Functional Gene Reference for Forensic Entomology: Genomic and Developmental Transcriptomic Analysis of Aldrichina grahami (Diptera: Calliphoridae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:810-819. [PMID: 35139213 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many flies of Diptera are common entomological evidence employed in forensic investigation. Exploring the existence of inter- and intra-species genomic differences of forensically relevant insects is of great importance. Aldrichina grahami is a common blow fly species of forensic importance. The present study characterized the gene repertoires of A. grahami, and provides insights into issues related to forensic entomology, such as necrophagous behavior, gene family features, and developmental patterns. Gene families were clustered and classified according to their function in different aspects of the necrophagous lifestyle, generating several gene repertoires. The genes under positive selection pressure and evolutionary changes were screen and identified. Moreover, genes that exhibited potential prediction value in the post mortem interval (PMI) estimation and development of immature stages were subjected to analysis based on the developmental transcriptome. Related insect species were compared at the genomic level to reveal the genes associated with necrophagous behaviors. The expression of selected genes in separated repositories was verified using qPCR. This work was conducted using a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of A. grahami and its developmental transcriptome. The findings will facilitate future research on A. grahami and the other forensically important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanming Meng
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan, Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yangshuai Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyun Pi
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihong Qu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuoying Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Darragh K, Nelson DR, Ramírez SR. The Birth-and-Death Evolution of Cytochrome P450 Genes in Bees. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab261. [PMID: 34850870 PMCID: PMC8670302 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The birth-and-death model of multigene family evolution describes how gene families evolve and diversify through duplication and deletion. The cytochrome P450s are one of the most diverse and well-studied multigene families, involved in both physiological and xenobiotic functions. Extensive studies of insect P450 genes have demonstrated their role in insecticide resistance. Bees are thought to experience toxin exposure through their diet of nectar and pollen, as well as the resin-collecting behavior exhibited by some species. Here, we describe the repertoire of P450 genes in the orchid bee Euglossa dilemma. Male orchid bees form perfume bouquets used in courtship displays by collecting volatile compounds, resulting in exposure to compounds known to be toxic. In addition, we conducted phylogenetic and selection analyses across ten bee species encompassing three bee families. We find that social behavior and resin collection are not correlated with the repertoire of P450 present in a bee species. However, our analyses revealed that P450 clades can be classified as stable and unstable, and that genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism are more likely to belong to unstable clades. Furthermore, we find that unstable clades are under more dynamic evolutionary pressures and exhibit signals of adaptive evolution. This work highlights the complexity of multigene family evolution, revealing that multiple factors contribute to the diversification, stability, and dynamics of this gene family. Furthermore, we provide a resource for future detailed studies investigating the function of different P450s in economically important bee species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Darragh
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Santiago R Ramírez
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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19
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Baldwin SR, Mohapatra P, Nagalla M, Sindvani R, Amaya D, Dickson HA, Menuz K. Identification and characterization of CYPs induced in the Drosophila antenna by exposure to a plant odorant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20530. [PMID: 34654888 PMCID: PMC8521596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) enzyme family are abundantly expressed in insect olfactory tissues, where they are thought to act as Odorant Degrading Enzymes (ODEs). However, their contribution to olfactory signaling in vivo is poorly understood. This is due in part to the challenge of identifying which of the dozens of antennal-expressed CYPs might inactivate a given odorant. Here, we tested a high-throughput deorphanization strategy in Drosophila to identify CYPs that are transcriptionally induced by exposure to odorants. We discovered three CYPs selectively upregulated by geranyl acetate using transcriptional profiling. Although these CYPs are broadly expressed in the antenna in non-neuronal cells, electrophysiological recordings from CYP mutants did not reveal any changes in olfactory neuron responses to this odorant. Neurons were desensitized by pre-exposing flies to the odorant, but this effect was similar in CYP mutants. Together, our data suggest that the induction of a CYP gene by an odorant does not necessarily indicate a role for that CYP in neuronal responses to that odorant. We go on to show that some CYPs have highly restricted expression patterns in the antenna, and suggest that such CYPs may be useful candidates for further studies on olfactory CYP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Baldwin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- MBF Bioscience, Williston, VT, 05495, USA
| | - Pratyajit Mohapatra
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Monica Nagalla
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rhea Sindvani
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Desiree Amaya
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Hope A Dickson
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Karen Menuz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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20
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Ju D, Mota-Sanchez D, Fuentes-Contreras E, Zhang YL, Wang XQ, Yang XQ. Insecticide resistance in the Cydia pomonella (L): Global status, mechanisms, and research directions. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 178:104925. [PMID: 34446201 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest of pome fruit and walnuts worldwide. Although environmentally compatible integrated control strategies, such as mating disruption, attract-kill strategy, and sterile insect technique have been conducted for management of this notorious pest, effects to control of codling moth have mainly relied on insecticides. In consequence, different levels of insecticide resistance towards organophosphates, neonicotinoids, hydrazines, benzoylureas, pyrethroids, diamides, spinosyns, avermectins, JH mimics, carbamates, oxadiazines and C. pomonella granulovirus (CpGVs) have developed in codling moth in different countries and areas. Both metabolic and target-site mechanisms conferring resistance have been revealed in the codling moth. In this review, we summarize the current global status of insecticide resistance, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved, and the implications for resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ju
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eduardo Fuentes-Contreras
- Center in Molecular and Functional Ecology, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Ya-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
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21
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Wang Y, Tian J, Han Q, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Genomic organization and expression pattern of cytochrome P450 genes in the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109118. [PMID: 34182095 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As one of the dominant natural enemies for insect pests, the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, plays important roles in pest control. Insecticide applications threaten P. pseudoannulata and consequently weaken its control effects. The roles of P450 monooxygenases in insecticide detoxifications have been richly reported in insects, but there are few reported in spiders. In this study, 120 transcripts encoding P. pseudoannulata P450s were identified based on whole genome sequencing. Compared to P450s of Aedes aegypti and Nilaparvata lugens, several novel P450 families were found, such as CYP3310. KEGG analysis of the CYP3310 family indicated that the family might be involved in the synthesis and metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and hydrocarbons. The potential P450s involved in insecticide metabolism were obtained according to the high FPKM values in fat bodies based on transcriptome sequencing. However, none of the selected P450 genes was significantly upregulated by the treatments of deltamethrin or imidacloprid. The present study provides genomic and transcriptomic information of spider P450s, especially for their roles in the synthesis and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, hydrocarbons and insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiahua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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22
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Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily is a diverse and important enzyme family, playing a central role in chemical defense and in synthesis and metabolism of major biological signaling molecules. The CYPomes of four cnidarian genomes (Hydra vulgaris, Acropora digitifera, Aurelia aurita, Nematostella vectensis) were annotated; phylogenetic analyses determined the evolutionary relationships amongst the sequences and with existing metazoan CYPs. 155 functional CYPs were identified and 90 fragments. Genes were from 24 new CYP families and several new subfamilies; genes were in 9 of the 12 established metazoan CYP clans. All species had large expansions of clan 2 diversity, with H. vulgaris having reduced diversity for both clan 3 and mitochondrial clan. We identified potential candidates for xenobiotic metabolism and steroidogenesis. That each genome contained multiple, novel CYP families may reflect the large evolutionary distance within the cnidarians, unique physiology in the cnidarian classes, and/or different ecology of the individual species.
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23
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Taira Y, Wada H, Hayashi S, Kageyama Y. polished rice mediates ecdysone-dependent control of Drosophila embryonic organogenesis. Genes Cells 2021; 26:269-281. [PMID: 33621395 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In many animals, progression of developmental stages is temporally controlled by steroid hormones. In Drosophila, the level of ecdysone titer oscillates and developmental stage transitions, such as larval molting and metamorphosis, are induced at each of ecdysone peaks. Ecdysone titer also peaks at the stage of mid-embryogenesis and the embryonic ecdysone is necessary for morphogenesis of several organs, although the regulatory mechanisms of embryonic organogenesis dependent on ecdysone signaling are still open questions. In this study, we find that absence or interruption of embryonic ecdysone signaling caused multiple defects in the tracheal system, including decrease in luminal protein deposition, uneven dilation of the dorsal trunk and loss of terminal branches. We also reveal that an ecdysone-inducible gene polished rice (pri) is essential for tip cell fate decision in dorsal branches. As over-expression of pri can restore the defects caused by disturbance of ecdysone biosynthesis, pri functions as one of the major mediators of embryonic ecdysone signal in tracheogenesis. These results demonstrate that ecdysone and its downstream target pri play essential roles in tracheal development by modulating cell fate decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taira
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Housei Wada
- Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hayashi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuji Kageyama
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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24
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The genome of the freshwater monogonont rotifer Brachionus angularis: Identification of phase I, II, and III detoxification genes and their roles in molecular ecotoxicology. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 38:100821. [PMID: 33714839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Brachionus spp. rotifers, which are widely distributed in aquatic environments, have been proposed as model organisms for ecotoxicological studies. Although the genomes of several rotifers belonging to the genus Brachionus have been assembled, the genome for the freshwater rotifer Brachionus angularis remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the whole-genome sequence of B. angularis, which revealed a total length of 56.5 Mb and 21 contigs. The N50 and the GC content were 5.42 Mb and 23.66%, respectively. A total of 13,952 genes were predicted. Of them, we identified the main detoxification-related gene families, including those for cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the ATP-binding cassette transporter. In comparison with other Brachionus rotifers, massive species-specific expansion in GST sigma genes was found in B. angularis. This whole-genome analysis of B. angularis provides a basis for molecular ecotoxicological studies and provides useful biological tools for comparative studies of the evolution of detoxification mechanisms in Brachionus spp.
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25
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Jin JX, Ye ZC, Jin DC, Li FL, Li WH, Cheng Y, Zhou YH. Changes in Transcriptome and Gene Expression in Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Response to Cycloxaprid. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:284-297. [PMID: 33151323 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), causes substantial damage to crops by direct feeding or virus transmission, especially southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus, which poses a serious threat to rice production. Cycloxaprid, a novel cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoid insecticide, has high efficacy against rice planthoppers, including imidacloprid-resistant populations. However, information about the influence of cycloxaprid on S. furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) at the molecular level is limited. Here, by de novo transcriptome sequencing and assembly, we constructed two transcriptomes of S. furcifera and profiled the changes in gene expression in response to cycloxaprid at the transcription level. We identified 157,906,456 nucleotides and 131,601 unigenes using the Illumina technology from cycloxaprid-treated and untreated S. furcifera. In total, 38,534 unigenes matched known proteins in at least one database, accounting for 29.28% of the total unigenes. The number of coding DNA sequences was 28,546 and that of amino acid sequences in the coding region was 22,299. In total, 15,868 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. The trinucleotide repeats accounted for 45.1% (7,157) of the total SSRs and (AAG/CTT)n were the most frequent motif. There were 359 differentially expressed genes that might have been induced by cycloxaprid. There were 131 upregulated and 228 downregulated genes. Twenty-two unigenes might be involved in resistance against cycloxaprid, such as cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase (GST), acid phosphatase (ACP), and cadherin. Our study provides vital information on cycloxaprid-induced resistance mechanisms, which will be useful to analyze the molecular mechanisms of cycloxaprid resistance and may lead to the development of novel strategies to manage S. furcifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xue Jin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Chun Ye
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Liang Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, P.R. China
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26
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Li S, Chen S, Xie X, Dong S, Li X. Identification of Wild-Type CYP321A2 and Comparison of Allelochemical-Induced Expression Profiles of CYP321A2 with Its Paralog CYP321A1 in Helicoverpa zea. INSECTS 2021; 12:75. [PMID: 33467534 PMCID: PMC7830528 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One possible way to overcome the diversity of toxic plant allelochemicals idiosyncratically distributed among potential host plants is to have more counterdefense genes via gene duplication or fewer gene losses. Cytochrome P450 is the most important gene family responsible for detoxification of the diversity of plant allelochemicals. We have recently reported the identification and cloning of the transposon (HzSINE1)-disrupted non-functional CYP321A2, a duplicated paralog of the xenobiotic-metabolizing P450 CYP321A1 from a laboratory colony of Helicoverpa zea. Here we report the identification of the wild-type intact allele of CYP321A2 from another H. zea colony. This CYP321A2 allele encodes a deduced protein of 498 amino acids and has the P450 signature motifs. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments showed that this CYP321A2 allele was highly expressed in midgut and fat body and achieved the highest expression level in the developmental stage of 5th and 3rd instar larvae. CYP321A2 and CYP321A1 were constitutively expressed in low levels but can be differentially and significantly induced by a range of the plant allelochemicals and plant signal molecules, among which xanthotoxin, flavone, and coumarin were the most prominent inducers of CYP321A2 both in midgut and fat body, whereas flavone, coumarin, and indole-3-carbinol were the prominent inducers of CYP321A1 in midgut and fat body. Moreover, xanthotoxin- and flavone-responsive regulatory elements of CYP321A1 were also detected in the promoter region of CYP321A2. Our results enrich the P450 inventory by identifying an allelochemical broadly induced CYP321A2, a paralog of CYP321A1 in H. zea. Our data also suggest that the CYP321A2/CYP321A1 paralogs are a pair of duplicated genes of multigene families and CYP321A2 could potentially be involved in the detoxification of plant allelochemicals and adaptation of H. zea to its chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (S.C.); (X.X.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (S.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Xingcheng Xie
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (S.C.); (X.X.)
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Xianchun Li
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (S.C.); (X.X.)
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27
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Dermauw W, Van Leeuwen T, Feyereisen R. Diversity and evolution of the P450 family in arthropods. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 127:103490. [PMID: 33169702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The P450 family (CYP genes) of arthropods encodes diverse enzymes involved in the metabolism of foreign compounds and in essential endocrine or ecophysiological functions. The P450 sequences (CYPome) from 40 arthropod species were manually curated, including 31 complete CYPomes, and a maximum likelihood phylogeny of nearly 3000 sequences is presented. Arthropod CYPomes are assembled from members of six CYP clans of variable size, the CYP2, CYP3, CYP4 and mitochondrial clans, as well as the CYP20 and CYP16 clans that are not found in Neoptera. CYPome sizes vary from two dozen genes in some parasitic species to over 200 in species as diverse as collembolans or ticks. CYPomes are comprised of few CYP families with many genes and many CYP families with few genes, and this distribution is the result of dynamic birth and death processes. Lineage-specific expansions or blooms are found throughout the phylogeny and often result in genomic clusters that appear to form a reservoir of catalytic diversity maintained as heritable units. Among the many P450s with physiological functions, six CYP families are involved in ecdysteroid metabolism. However, five so-called Halloween genes are not universally represented and do not constitute the unique pathway of ecdysteroid biosynthesis. The diversity of arthropod CYPomes has only partially been uncovered to date and many P450s with physiological functions regulating the synthesis and degradation of endogenous signal molecules (including ecdysteroids) and semiochemicals (including pheromones and defense chemicals) remain to be discovered. Sequence diversity of arthropod P450s is extreme, and P450 sequences lacking the universally conserved Cys ligand to the heme have evolved several times. A better understanding of P450 evolution is needed to discern the relative contributions of stochastic processes and adaptive processes in shaping the size and diversity of CYPomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannes Dermauw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - René Feyereisen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 40 Thorvaldsensvej, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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28
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Nagar G, Upadhaya D, Sharma AK, Kumar R, Fular A, Ghosh S. Association between overexpression of cytochrome P450 genes and deltamethrin resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 12:101610. [PMID: 33285351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases mediated metabolic detoxification has been recognized as one of the mechanisms involved in resistance to pyrethroids, which is a class of pesticides that includes acaricides such as deltamethrin. Several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes were identified in arthropod pests which are upregulated in response to exposure to pesticides used as acaricides. However, to date, limited information is available with respect to CYP genes and their response to acaricide exposure in ticks. We cloned and sequenced four CYP genes, the CYP41, CYP3006G8, CYP319A1 and CYP4W1 from reference susceptible IVRI-I strain of Rhipicephalus microplus. The expression pattern of the genes was investigated using qPCR in reference susceptible IVRI-I, pyrethroid-resistant IVRI-IV and multi-acaricide resistant IVRI-V strains. The effect of a single exposure of deltamethrin, at a concentration of 2600 μg/mL and 299.7 μg/mL on IVRI-IV and IVRI-V strains, respectively, on the expression of the four CYP genes was evaluated. In IVRI-IV strain, the CYP41 gene was highly overexpressed (FC 8.72) while CYP3006G8 was underexpressed with FC of 0.06. All the four genes were overexpressed in IVRI-V strain. After exposure to deltamethrin, the CYP3006G8 transcript levels were significantly upregulated at all time intervals in both resistant strains with the highest FC of 11.62 at 12 h in IVRI-IV and 13.38 at 3 h in IVRI-V. Our results suggest that the constitutive overexpression of CYP41 and deltamethrin induced upregulation of CYP3006G8 contribute to the development of pyrethroid resistance, specifically deltamethrin, in these two reference strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Nagar
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Deepak Upadhaya
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Rinesh Kumar
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Ashutosh Fular
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Srikant Ghosh
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India.
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29
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Jing TX, Wang DF, Ma YP, Zeng LL, Meng LW, Zhang Q, Dou W, Wang JJ. Genome-wide and expression-profiling analyses of the cytochrome P450 genes in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and screening of candidate P450 genes associated with malathion resistance. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2932-2943. [PMID: 32400962 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a notorious agricultural pest worldwide, and its resistance to insecticides is a major obstacle in successful control. Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are major metabolic enzymes associated with insecticide resistance. The genome of B. dorsalis was sequenced recently, allowing an integrated genome-wide analysis of P450 genes (P450s) and the analysis of correlations between these genes and insecticide resistance in this pest. RESULTS Totally, 101 P450s were identified in the B. dorsalis genome and classified into four clans, 25 families and 57 subfamilies. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results showed that most of these genes were highly expressed in adults (46) and in metabolic tissues, including the fatbody (63), midgut (61) and Malphagian tubules (66). In a malathion-resistant strain, 13 and 9 genes were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively, compared with a susceptible strain, and these genes were screened as candidate genes associated with malathion resistance. CONCLUSION This study provides useful information for understanding the evolution and potential functions of P450s in B. dorsalis, and the results lay the foundation for further studies on the correlations between P450s and malathion resistance in B. dorsalis. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di-Fei Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Li Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Wei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wang YJ, Wang HL, Wang XW, Liu SS. Transcriptome analysis and comparison reveal divergence between the Mediterranean and the greenhouse whiteflies. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237744. [PMID: 32841246 PMCID: PMC7447059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the Mediterranean (MED) species of the Bemisia tabaci whitefly complex and the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum, TV) are important agricultural pests. The two species of whiteflies differ in many aspects such as morphology, geographical distribution, host plant range, plant virus transmission, and resistance to insecticides. However, the molecular basis underlying their differences remains largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the genetic divergences between the transcriptomes of MED and TV. In total, 2,944 pairs of orthologous genes were identified. The average identity of amino acid sequences between the two species is 93.6%. The average nonsynonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates and the ratio of Ka/Ks of the orthologous genes are 0.0389, 2.23 and 0.0204, respectively. The low average Ka/Ks ratio indicates that orthologous genes tend to be under strong purified selection. The most divergent gene classes are related to the metabolisms of xenobiotics, cofactors, vitamins and amino acids, and this divergence may underlie the different biological characteristics between the two species of whiteflies. Genes of differential expression between the two species are enriched in carbohydrate metabolism and regulation of autophagy. These findings provide molecular clues to uncover the biological and molecular differences between the two species of whiteflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Ling Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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31
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Kariyanna B, Prabhuraj A, Asokan R, Ramkumar G, Venkatesan T, Gracy RG, Mohan M. Genome mining and functional analysis of cytochrome P450 genes involved in insecticide resistance in Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:971-982. [PMID: 32744379 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide analysis of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) genes from the advanced genome project of the Leucinodes orbonalis and the expression analysis provided significant information about the metabolism-mediated insecticide resistance. A total of 72 putative CYP genes were identified from the genome and transcriptome of L. orbonalis. The genes were classified under 30 families and 46 subfamilies based on the standard nomenclature. In the present study, a novel CYP gene, CYP324F1, was identified and it has not been reported from any other living system so far. Biochemical assays showed enhanced titers (5.81-18.5-fold) of O-demethylase of CYP in five field-collected populations. We selected 34 homologous CYP gene sequences, seemed to be involved in insecticide resistance for primer design and quantitative real-time PCR studies. Among the many overexpressed genes (>10 fold), the expression levels of CYP324F1 and CYP306A1 were prominent across all the field populations as compared with the susceptible iso-female line. Oral delivery of ds-CYP324F1 and ds-CYP306A1 directed against CYP324F1 and CYP306A1 to the larvae of one of the insecticide resistance populations caused reduced expression of these two transcripts in a dose-dependent manner (53.4%-85.0%). It appears that the increased titer of O-demethylase is the result of increased transcription level of CYP genes in resistant populations. The data provide insight for identifying the novel resistance management strategies against L. orbonalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bheeranna Kariyanna
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India.,ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Asokan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Ramasamy G Gracy
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Muthugounder Mohan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Paula DP, Menger J, Andow DA, Koch RL. Diverse patterns of constitutive and inducible overexpression of detoxifying enzyme genes among resistant Aphis glycines populations. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 164:100-114. [PMID: 32284115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance is essential to the effective management of pesticide resistance in Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). We mined putative detoxifying enzyme genes in the draft genome sequence of A. glycines for cytochrome oxidase P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and esterases (E4 and carboxylesterases-CES). Aphids from clonal populations resistant to pyrethroids from three sites in Minnesota, USA, were screened against a diagnostic LC99 concentration of either λ-cyhalothrin or bifenthrin and detoxifying enzyme genes expression in survivors was analyzed by qPCR. Their expression profiles were compared relative to a susceptible clonal population. We found 61 CYP (40 full-length), seven GST (all full-length), seven E4 (five full-length) and three CES (two full-length) genes, including 24 possible pseudogenes. The detoxifying enzymes had different expression profiles across resistant aphid populations, possibly reflecting differences in the genetic background and pyrethroid selection pressures as the number of constitutively overexpressed detoxifying enzyme genes was correlated with the level of resistance. Our findings will strengthen the understanding of the pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in A. glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Pires Paula
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, P.O. Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil.
| | - James Menger
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - David A Andow
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Robert L Koch
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Feyereisen R. Origin and evolution of the CYP4G subfamily in insects, cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in cuticular hydrocarbon synthesis. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 143:106695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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34
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Anholt RRH. Chemosensation and Evolution of Drosophila Host Plant Selection. iScience 2020; 23:100799. [PMID: 31923648 PMCID: PMC6951304 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to respond to chemosensory cues is critical for survival of most organisms. Among insects, Drosophila melanogaster has the best characterized olfactory system, and the availability of genome sequences of 30 Drosophila species provides an ideal scenario for studies on evolution of chemosensation. Gene duplications of chemoreceptor genes allow for functional diversification of the rapidly evolving chemoreceptor repertoire. Although some species of the genus Drosophila are generalists for host plant selection, rapid evolution of olfactory receptors, gustatory receptors, odorant-binding proteins, and cytochrome P450s has enabled diverse host specializations of different members of the genus. Here, I review diversification of the chemoreceptor repertoire among members of the genus Drosophila along with co-evolution of detoxification mechanisms that may have enabled occupation of diverse host plant ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R H Anholt
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry and Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA.
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35
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Zhang W, Yao Y, Wang H, Liu Z, Ma L, Wang Y, Xu B. The Roles of Four Novel P450 Genes in Pesticides Resistance in Apis cerana cerana Fabricius: Expression Levels and Detoxification Efficiency. Front Genet 2019; 10:1000. [PMID: 31803222 PMCID: PMC6873825 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are widely distributed multifunctional enzymes that play crucial roles in insecticide detoxification or activation. In this study, to ascertain the molecular mechanisms of P450s in the detoxification of Chinese honeybees, Apis cerana cerana Fabricius (A. c. cerana), we isolated and characterized four new P450 genes (Acc301A1, Acc303A1, Acc306A1, and Acc315A1). The open reading frames of the four genes are 1263 to 1608 bp in length and encode four predicted polypeptides of 499 to 517 amino acids in length. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that expression of all four genes was observed in all developmental stages. In addition, Western blot assays further indicated the RT-qPCR results that showed that the four genes were induced by pesticide (thiamethoxam, deltamethrin, dichlorovos, and paraquat) treatments. Furthermore, we also used double-stranded RNA-mediated RNA interference to investigate the functions of Acc301A1, Acc303A1,and Acc306A1 in the antioxidant defense of honeybees. RNA interference targeting Acc301A1, Acc303A1, and Acc306A1 significantly increased the mortality rate of A. c. cerana upon pesticide treatment. These results provide important evidence about the role of the four P450 genes involved in detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Lanting Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
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36
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Humble JL, Carmona-Antoñanzas G, McNair CM, Nelson DR, Bassett DI, Egholm I, Bron JE, Bekaert M, Sturm A. Genome-wide survey of cytochrome P450 genes in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837). Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:563. [PMID: 31775848 PMCID: PMC6880348 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infests farmed and wild salmonid fishes, causing considerable economic damage to the salmon farming industry. Infestations of farmed salmon are controlled using a combination of non-medicinal approaches and veterinary drug treatments. While L. salmonis has developed resistance to most available salmon delousing agents, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily are typically monooxygenases, some of which are involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of endogenous compounds, while others have central roles in the detoxification of xenobiotics. In terrestrial arthropods, insecticide resistance can be based on the enhanced expression of CYPs. The reported research aimed to characterise the CYP superfamily in L. salmonis and assess its potential roles in drug resistance. Methods Lepeophtheirus salmonis CYPs were identified by homology searches of the genome and transcriptome of the parasite. CYP transcript abundance in drug susceptible and multi-resistant L. salmonis was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, taking into account both constitutive expression and expression in parasites exposed to sublethal levels of salmon delousing agents, ecdysteroids and environmental chemicals. Results The above strategy led to the identification of 25 CYP genes/pseudogenes in L. salmonis, making its CYP superfamily the most compact characterised for any arthropod to date. Lepeophtheirus salmonis possesses homologues of a number of arthropod CYP genes with roles in ecdysteroid metabolism, such as the fruit fly genes disembodied, shadow, shade, spook and Cyp18a1. CYP transcript expression did not differ between one drug susceptible and one multi-resistant strain of L. salmonis. Exposure of L. salmonis to emamectin benzoate or deltamethrin caused the transcriptional upregulation of certain CYPs. In contrast, neither ecdysteroid nor benzo[a]pyrene exposure affected CYP transcription significantly. Conclusions The parasite L. salmonis is demonstrated to possess the most compact CYP superfamily characterised for any arthropod to date. The complement of CYP genes in L. salmonis includes conserved CYP genes involved in ecdysteroid biosynthesis and metabolism, as well as drug-inducible CYP genes. The present study does not provide evidence for a role of CYP genes in the decreased susceptibility of the multiresistant parasite strain studied. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Humble
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Carol M McNair
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - David I Bassett
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Ingibjørg Egholm
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - James E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Armin Sturm
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
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Transcriptome-Based Identification and Molecular Evolution of the Cytochrome P450 Genes and Expression Profiling under Dimethoate Treatment in Amur Stickleback ( Pungitius sinensis). Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110873. [PMID: 31661806 PMCID: PMC6912322 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a family of membrane-bound mono-oxygenase proteins, which are involved in cell metabolism and detoxification of various xenobiotic substances. In this study, we identified 58 putative CYP genes in Amur stickleback (Pungitius sinensis) based on the transcriptome sequencing. Conserved motif distribution suggested their functional relevance within each group. Some present recombination events have accelerated the evolution of this gene family. Moreover, a few positive selection sites were identified, which may have accelerated the functional divergence of this family of proteins. Expression patterns of these CYP genes were investigated and indicated that most were affected by dimethoate treatment, suggesting that CYPs were involved in the detoxication of dimethoate. This study will provide a foundation for the further functional investigation of CYP genes in fishes.
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Wu L, Jia Q, Zhang X, Zhang X, Liu S, Park Y, Feyereisen R, Zhu KY, Ma E, Zhang J, Li S. CYP303A1 has a conserved function in adult eclosion in Locusta migratoria and Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 113:103210. [PMID: 31422152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) play essential roles in both xenobiotic metabolism and developmental processes. However, the exact physiological function of many CYP genes remains largely unknown. Screening the expression of the CYP genes from the CYP2 and mitochondrial CYP clans of Drosophila melanogaster revealed that Cyp303a1 is highly expressed in the pupal stage. Knockdown of CYP303A1 transcripts by RNAi using the Gal4/UAS system with a ubiquitous driver (tubulin-Gal4) in Drosophila or by dsRNA injection in the last nymph stage of Locusta migratoria resulted in severe defects in eclosion and lethality during and after adult emergence. In Drosophila, tissue-specific RNAi of Cyp303a1 with a wing-specific driver (MS1096-Gal4) revealed that Cyp303a1 was essential for wing extension. Stage-specific RNAi of Cyp303a1 using Gal80ts for thermal-dependent-suppression found that the expression of Cyp303a1 at the middle pupal stage was absolutely required. Meanwhile, Cyp303a1 mutants exhibited more than 80% lethality at the late embryonic development stages. Embryonic lethality of the Cyp303a1 mutants was fully rescued by the ubiquitous overexpression of exogenous Cyp303a1. Taken together, we conclude that Cyp303a1 is indispensable for embryonic development and adult eclosion in D. melanogaster, the latter role being conserved over 400 million years of insect evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Wu
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qiangqiang Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xubo Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xueyao Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - René Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1017, Denmark; Department of Plant and Crops, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Enbo Ma
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Development Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Walker WB, Roy A, Anderson P, Schlyter F, Hansson BS, Larsson MC. Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Families Involved in Chemosensory Function in Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:428. [PMID: 31138111 PMCID: PMC6540431 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deciphering the molecular mechanisms mediating the chemical senses, taste, and smell has been of vital importance for understanding the nature of how insects interact with their chemical environment. Several gene families are implicated in the uptake, recognition, and termination of chemical signaling, including binding proteins, chemosensory receptors and degrading enzymes. The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, is a phytophagous pest and current focal species for insect chemical ecology and neuroethology. Results We produced male and female Illumina-based transcriptomes from chemosensory and non-chemosensory tissues of S. littoralis, including the antennae, proboscis, brain and body carcass. We have annotated 306 gene transcripts from eight gene families with known chemosensory function, including 114 novel candidate genes. Odorant receptors responsive to floral compounds are expressed in the proboscis and may play a role in guiding proboscis probing behavior. In both males and females, expression of gene transcripts with known chemosensory function, including odorant receptors and pheromone-binding proteins, has been observed in brain tissue, suggesting internal, non-sensory function for these genes. Conclusions A well-curated set of annotated gene transcripts with putative chemosensory function is provided. This will serve as a resource for future chemosensory and transcriptomic studies in S. littoralis and closely related species. Collectively, our results expand current understanding of the expression patterns of genes with putative chemosensory function in insect sensory and non-sensory tissues. When coupled with functional data, such as the deorphanization of odorant receptors, the gene expression data can facilitate hypothesis generation, serving as a substrate for future studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5815-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Walker
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Amit Roy
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden.,Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 1176, Prague 6, 165 21, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Anderson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Schlyter
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden.,Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 1176, Prague 6, 165 21, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Mattias C Larsson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 14, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
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40
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Hu B, Zhang S, Ren M, Tian X, Wei Q, Mburu DK, Su J. The expression of Spodoptera exigua P450 and UGT genes: tissue specificity and response to insecticides. INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:199-216. [PMID: 28881445 PMCID: PMC7379962 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT) as phase I and phase II metabolism enzymes, respectively, play vital roles in the breakdown of endobiotics and xenobiotics. Insects can increase the expression of detoxification enzymes to cope with the stress from xenobiotics including insecticides. However, the molecular mechanisms for insecticide detoxification in Spodoptera exigua remain elusive, and the genes conferring insecticide metabolisms in this species are less well reported. In this study, 68 P450 and 32 UGT genes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed gene expansions in CYP3 and CYP4 clans of P450 genes and UGT33 family of this pest. P450 and UGT genes exhibited specific tissue expression patterns. Insecticide treatments in fat body cells of S. exigua revealed that the expression levels of P450 and UGT genes were significantly influenced by challenges of abamectin, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, metaflumizone and indoxacarb. Multiple genes for detoxification were affected in expression levels after insecticide exposures. The results demonstrated that lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, metaflumizone and indoxacarb induced similar responses in the expression of P450 and UGT genes in fat body cells; eight P450 genes and four UGT genes were co-up-regulated significantly, and no or only a few CYP/UGT genes were down-regulated significantly by these four insecticides. However, abamectin triggered a distinct response for P450 and UGT gene expression; more P450 and UGT genes were down-regulated by abamectin than by the other four compounds. In conclusion, P450 and UGT genes from S. exigua were identified, and different responses to abamectin suggest a different mechanism for insecticide detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shu‐Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miao‐Miao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - David Kibe Mburu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jian‐Ya Su
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education)College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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Xu N, Sun XH, Liu ZH, Xu Y, Sun Y, Zhou D, Shen B, Zhu CL. Identification and classification of differentially expressed genes in pyrethroid-resistant Culex pipiens pallens. Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 294:861-873. [PMID: 30904950 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-018-1521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Culex pipiens pallens is an important vector that transmits Bancroftian filariasis, Japanese encephalitis and other diseases that pose a serious threat to human health. Extensive and improper use of insecticides has caused insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, which has become an important obstacle to the control of mosquito-borne diseases. It is crucial to investigate the underlying mechanism of insecticide resistance. The aims of this study were to identify genes involved in insecticide resistance based on the resistance phenotype, gene expression profile and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to screen for major genes controlling insecticide resistance. Using a combination of SNP and transcriptome data, gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) were studied in deltamethrin-resistant mosquitoes. The most differentially expressed pathway in the resistant group was identified, and a regulatory network was built using these SNPs and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this pathway. The major candidate genes involved in the control of insecticide resistance were analyzed by qPCR, siRNA microinjection and CDC bottle bioassays. A total of 85 DEGs that encoded putative detoxification enzymes (including 61 P450s) were identified in this pathway. The resistance regulatory network was built using SNPs, and these metabolic genes, and a major gene, CYP9AL1, were identified. The functional role of CYP9AL1 in insecticide resistance was confirmed by siRNA microinjection and CDC bottle bioassays. Using the eQTL approach, we identified important genes in pyrethroid resistance that may aid in understanding the mechanism underlying insecticide resistance and in targeting new measures for resistance monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, 29 Taihang Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, 221111, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Han Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Liang Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang H, Zhao M, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Guo J. Identification of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes and their expression in response to high temperature in the alligatorweed flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Sci Rep 2018; 8:17847. [PMID: 30552348 PMCID: PMC6294762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are a large class of enzymes that play essential roles in metabolic processes such as hormone synthesis and the catabolism of toxins and other chemicals in insects. In the present study, we identified 82 P450 genes using comprehensive RNA sequencing in the flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila, and all of the sequences were validated by cloning and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the P450 genes in A. hygrophila fell into the mitochondrial clan, CYP2 clan, CYP3 clan and CYP4 clan and were classified into 20 families and 48 subfamilies. Most A. hygrophila P450 genes had high sequence homology with those from other coleopteran insects. To understand the effects of high temperatures on the metabolic processes of female and male adults, we studied the effects of two temperature regimes (constant temperature of 28 °C for 20 h with a 4-h period of high temperatures of 30 °C and 39 °C) on the expression levels of P450 genes in A. hygrophila using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. The results showed that there were no differences in expression in 30 P450 genes between the control and high-temperature-treated A. hygrophila adults, while 22 P450 genes showed up-regulated expression and 19 P450 genes were down-regulated in A. hygrophila female adults after high-temperature treatment. For A. hygrophila male adults exposed to high temperatures, we found that 8 P450 genes had higher expression levels and 12 P450 genes had lower expression levels under the same conditions. The P450 genes are candidates that showed significantly different expression levels after high-temperature treatments in A. hygrophila adults, and further studies are needed to determine their possible roles in metabolic processes during the response to elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Kerima OZ, Niranjana P, Vinay Kumar B, Ramachandrappa R, Puttappa S, Lalitha Y, Jalali SK, Ballal CR, Thulasiram HV. De novo transcriptome analysis of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): A biological control agent. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhang JH, Zhang S, Yang YX, Zhang YX, Liu ZW. New insight into foregut functions of xenobiotic detoxification in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:978-990. [PMID: 28556457 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The physiological functions of insect foregut, especially in xenobiotic detoxification, are scarcely reported because of unimportance in appearance and insufficient molecular information. The cockroach Periplaneta americana, an entomological model organism, provides perfect material to study physiological functions of foregut tissue due to its architectural feature. Through Illumina sequencing of foregut tissue from P. americana individuals (control) or insects treated with cycloxaprid, as a novel neonicotinoid insecticide, 54 193 166 clean reads were obtained and further assembled into 53 853 unigenes with an average length of 366 bp. Furthermore, the number of unigenes involved in xenobiotic detoxification was analyzed, mainly including 70 cytochrome P450s, 12 glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), seven carboxylesterases (CarEs) and seven adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Compared to control, the expression of 22 xenobiotic detoxification unigenes was up-regulated after cycloxaprid application, mainly containing 18 P450s, one GST, two CarEs and one ABC adenosine triphosphate transporter, indicating that the oxidation-reduction was the major reactive process to cycloxaprid application. Through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, the expression of selected unigenes (six P450s, one GST and one CarE) was up-regulated at least two-fold following cycloxaprid treatment, and was generally in agreement with transcriptome data. Compared to the previous midgut transcriptome of P. americana, it looks like the expressive abundance of the xenobiotic detoxification unigenes might be important factors to the detoxifying functional differences between foregut and midgut. In conclusion, insect foregut would also play important roles in the physiological processes related to xenobiotic detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Seong KM, Coates BS, Berenbaum MR, Clark JM, Pittendrigh BR. Comparative CYP-omic analysis between the DDT-susceptible and -resistant Drosophila melanogaster strains 91-C and 91-R. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2530-2543. [PMID: 29656515 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are involved in the biosynthesis of endogenous intracellular compounds and the metabolism of xenobiotics, including chemical insecticides. We investigated the structural and expression level variance across all P450 genes with respect to the evolution of insecticide resistance under multigenerational dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) selection. RESULTS RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) indicated that the transcript levels of seven P450 genes were significantly up-regulated and three P450 genes were down-regulated in the DDT-resistant strain 91-R, as compared to the control strain 91-C. The overexpression of Cyp6g1 was associated with the presence of an Accord and an HMS-Beagle element insertion in the 5' upstream region in conjunction with copy number variation in the 91-R strain, but not in the 91-C strain. A total of 122 (50.2%) fixed nonsynonymous (amino acid-changing) mutations were found between 91-C and 91-R, and 20 (8.2%) resulted in amino acid changes within functional domains. Three P450 proteins were truncated as a result of premature stop codons and fixed between strains. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that a combination of changes in P450 protein-coding regions and transcript levels are possibly associated with DDT resistance, and thereby suggest that selection for variant function may occur within this gene family in response to chronic DDT exposure. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon Mook Seong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Brad S Coates
- USDA-ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - May R Berenbaum
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John M Clark
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Yan ZW, He ZB, Yan ZT, Si FL, Zhou Y, Chen B. Genome-wide and expression-profiling analyses suggest the main cytochrome P450 genes related to pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector, Anopheles sinensis (Diptera Culicidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1810-1820. [PMID: 29393554 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anopheles sinensis is one of the major malaria vectors. However, pyrethroid resistance in An. sinensis is threatening malaria control. Cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification is an important pyrethroid resistance mechanism that has been unexplored in An. sinensis. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the An. sinensis P450 gene superfamily with special attention to their role in pyrethroid resistance using bioinformatics and molecular approaches. RESULTS Our data revealed the presence of 112 individual P450 genes in An. sinensis, which were classified into four major clans (mitochondrial, CYP2, CYP3 and CYP4), 18 families and 50 subfamilies. Sixty-seven genes formed nine gene clusters, and genes within the same cluster and the same gene family had a similar gene structure. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of An. sinensis P450s (82/112) had very close 1: 1 orthology with Anopheles gambiae P450s. Five genes (AsCYP6Z2, AsCYP6P3v1, AsCYP6P3v2, AsCYP9J5 and AsCYP306A1) were significantly upregulated in three pyrethroid-resistant populations in both RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses, suggesting that they could be the most important P450 genes involved in pyrethroid resistance in An. sinensis. CONCLUSION Our study provides insight on the diversity of An. sinensis P450 superfamily and basis for further elucidating pyrethroid resistance mechanism in this mosquito species. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wen Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng-Bo He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen-Tian Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng-Ling Si
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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Spencer CS, Yunta C, de Lima GPG, Hemmings K, Lian LY, Lycett G, Paine MJI. Characterisation of Anopheles gambiae heme oxygenase and metalloporphyrin feeding suggests a potential role in reproduction. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:25-33. [PMID: 29729387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mosquito Anopheles gambiae is the principal vector for malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The ability of A. gambiae to transmit malaria is strictly related to blood feeding and digestion, which releases nutrients for oogenesis, as well as substantial amounts of highly toxic free heme. Heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HO) is a common protective mechanism, and a gene for HO exists in the An. gambiae genome HO (AgHO), although it has yet to be functionally examined. Here, we have cloned and expressed An. gambiae HO (AgHO) in E. coli. Purified recombinant AgHO bound hemin stoichiometrically to form a hemin-enzyme complex similar to other HOs, with a KD of 3.9 ± 0.6 μM; comparable to mammalian and bacterial HOs, but 7-fold lower than that of Drosophila melanogaster HO. AgHO also degraded hemin to biliverdin and released CO and iron in the presence of NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR). Optimal AgHO activity was observed at 27.5 °C and pH 7.5. To investigate effects of AgHO inhibition, adult female A. gambiae were fed heme analogues Sn- and Zn-protoporphyrins (SnPP and ZnPP), known to inhibit HO. These led to a dose dependent decrease in oviposition. Cu-protoporphyrin (CuPP), which does not inhibit HO had no effect. These results demonstrate that AgHO is a catalytically active HO and that it may play a key role in egg production in mosquitoes. It also presents a potential target for the development of compounds aimed at sterilising mosquitoes for vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Yunta
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | | | - Kay Hemmings
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Lu-Yun Lian
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gareth Lycett
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Mark J I Paine
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
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Deng Y, Li F, Rieske LK, Sun LL, Sun SH. Transcriptome sequencing for identification of diapause-associated genes in fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea Drury. Gene 2018; 668:229-236. [PMID: 29758298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) is extremely adaptable and highly invasive in China as a defoliator of ornamental and forest trees. Both voltinism and diapause strategies of fall webworm in China are variable, and this variability contributes to it invasiveness. Little is known about molecular regulation of diapause in fall webworm. To gain insight into possible mechanisms of diapause induction, high-throughput RNA-seq data were generated from non-diapause pupae (NDP) and diapause pupae (DP). A total of 58,151 unigenes were assembled and researched against nine public databases. In total, 29,013 up-regulated and 3451 down-regulated unigenes were differentially expressed by DP when compared with those of NDP. Genes encoding proteins such as UDP-glycosyl transferase (UGT), cytochrome P450 and Hsp70 were predicted to be involved in diapause. Moreover, GO function and KEGG pathway enrichments were performed on all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and showed that cell cycle and insulin signaling pathways may be related to the diapause of the fall webworm. This study provides valuable information about the fall webworm transcriptome for future gene function research, especially as it relates to diapause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lynne K Rieske
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA
| | - Li-Li Sun
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shou-Hui Sun
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA.
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Senes-Lopes TF, López JA, do Amaral VS, Brandão-Neto J, de Rezende AA, da Luz JRD, Guterres ZDR, Almeida MDG. Genotoxicity of Turnera subulata and Spondias mombin × Spondias tuberosa Extracts from Brazilian Caatinga Biome. J Med Food 2018; 21:372-379. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Felipe Senes-Lopes
- Program of Postgraduation in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto López
- Program of Postgraduation in Industrial Biotechnology, Institute of Technology and Research/Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Viviane Souza do Amaral
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Brandão-Neto
- Program of Postgraduation in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Program of Postgraduation in Industrial Biotechnology, Institute of Technology and Research/Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Augusto de Rezende
- Program of Postgraduation in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Program of Postgraduation in Industrial Biotechnology, Institute of Technology and Research/Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Program of Postgraduation in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Zaira da Rosa Guterres
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Mundo Novo, Matto Grasso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Program of Postgraduation in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Program of Postgraduation in Industrial Biotechnology, Institute of Technology and Research/Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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50
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Chen C, Wang C, Liu Y, Shi X, Gao X. Transcriptome analysis and identification of P450 genes relevant to imidacloprid detoxification in Bradysia odoriphaga. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2564. [PMID: 29416091 PMCID: PMC5803201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide tolerance poses many challenges for pest control, particularly for destructive pests such as Bradysia odoriphaga. Imidacloprid has been used to control B. odoriphaga since 2013, however, imidacloprid resistance in B. odoriphaga has developed in recent years. Identifying actual and potential genes involved in detoxification metabolism of imidacloprid could offer solutions for controlling this insect. In this study, RNA-seq was used to explore differentially expressed genes in B. odoriphaga that respond to imidacloprid treatment. Differential expression data between imidacloprid treatment and the control revealed 281 transcripts (176 with annotations) showing upregulation and 394 transcripts (235 with annotations) showing downregulation. Among them, differential expression levels of seven P450 unigenes were associated with imidacloprid detoxification mechanism, with 4 unigenes that were upregulated and 3 unigenes that were downregulated. The qRT-PCR results of the seven differential expression P450 unigenes after imidacloprid treatment were consistent with RNA-Seq data. Furthermore, oral delivery mediated RNA interference of these four upregulated P450 unigenes followed by an insecticide bioassay significantly increased the mortality of imidacloprid-treated B. odoriphaga. This result indicated that the four upregulated P450s are involved in detoxification of imidacloprid. This study provides a genetic basis for further exploring P450 genes for imidacloprid detoxification in B. odoriphaga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueyan Shi
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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