1
|
Kozai A, Murakami R, Chiba Y, Miyai Y, Matsumoto K, Kanenishi K, Ueno M. Immunohistochemical localization of HCA1 receptor in placenta in presence of fetal growth restriction. Placenta 2024; 154:80-87. [PMID: 38909565 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucose metabolism produces lactate and hydrogen ions in an anaerobic environment. Fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction are considered to become progressively lactacidemic as well as hypoxic. Roles of lactate in the placenta in the presence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remain to be clarified. METHODS Immunohistochemical localization of lactate-related substances, such as a receptor for lactate (hydroxy-carboxylic acid 1 receptor (HCA1 receptor/GPR81)), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) for lactate, lactate dehydrogenases (LDHs), and proteins expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts or cytotrophoblasts was examined in placentas of appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA) fetus and those showing FGR. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for the HCA1 receptor was present in the cytoplasm of some trophoblasts, predominantly localized to their basal (fetus-facing) side, and was frequently colocalized with that for E-cadherin or serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1 (SPINT1), a marker protein of cytotrophoblasts. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 and MCT4 was present on the basal and the microvillous (maternal-facing) membranes of trophoblasts in both groups, respectively. Clear immunoreactivity for LDHA and LDHB was also observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts, mainly localized to their basal side. However, there were no significant differences in immunohistochemically stained areas of lactate-related substances between AGA and late-onset FGR groups. On the other hand, there were correlations between coefficients of the presence of chorioamnionitis and the values of LDHB and E-cadherin. DISCUSSION Immunohistochemical localization of the HCA1 receptor was predominantly observed in the cytoplasm located on the basal side of trophoblasts, suggesting a role of lactate in human placental development, including syncytialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kozai
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan; Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryuta Murakami
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yoichi Chiba
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyai
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanenishi
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moses RM, Stenhouse C, Halloran KM, Sah N, Newton MG, Hoskins EC, Washburn SE, Johnson GA, Wu G, Bazer FW. Metabolic pathways of glucose and fructose: II Spatiotemporal expression of genes involved in synthesis and transport of lactate in ovine conceptuses†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:159-173. [PMID: 38531778 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate, an abundant molecule in fetal fluids and blood of mammalian species, is often overlooked as a metabolic waste product generated during pregnancy. Most of the glucose and fructose consumed by ovine conceptuses is converted to lactate, but proteins involved in lactate metabolism and transport have not been investigated. This study characterized total lactate produced by ovine conceptuses throughout gestation, as well as expression of mRNAs and proteins involved in lactate metabolism. Lactate increased in abundance in the uterine lumen during the preimplantation period and was more abundant than pyruvate. The abundance of lactate in allantoic and amniotic fluids increased with advancing days of gestation and most abundant on Day 125 of pregnancy (P < 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase subunits A (converts pyruvate to lactate) and B (converts lactate to pyruvate) were expressed by conceptuses throughout gestation. Lactate is transported via monocarboxylic acid transporters SLC16A1 and SLC16A3, both of which were expressed by the conceptus throughout gestation. Additionally, the interplacentomal chorioallantois from Day 126 expressed SLC16A1 and SLC16A3 and transported lactate across the tissue. Hydrocarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1), a receptor for lactate, was localized to the uterine luminal and superficial glandular epithelia of pregnant ewes throughout gestation and conceptus trophectoderm during the peri-implantation period of gestation. These results provide novel insights into the spatiotemporal profiles of enzymes, transporters, and receptor for lactate by ovine conceptuses throughout pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Moses
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Claire Stenhouse
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Nirvay Sah
- Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Makenzie G Newton
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Emily C Hoskins
- College of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Shannon E Washburn
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kovács A, Szabó E, László K, Kertes E, Zagorácz O, Mintál K, Tóth A, Gálosi R, Berta B, Lénárd L, Hormay E, László B, Zelena D, Tóth ZE. Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies. Cells 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38994950 PMCID: PMC11240450 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide peptides have their own cognate receptors and are produced by different cell populations, although they all can also bind to neuropeptide FF receptors with different affinities. RFamide peptides function in the brain as neuropeptides regulating key aspects of homeostasis such as energy balance, reproduction, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, they are involved in the organization of the stress response including modulation of pain. Considering the interaction between stress and various parameters of homeostasis, the role of RFamide peptides may be critical in the development of stress-related neuropathologies. This review will therefore focus on the role of RFamide peptides as possible key hubs in stress and stress-related psychopathologies. The neurotransmitter coexpression profile of RFamide-producing cells is also discussed, highlighting its potential functional significance. The development of novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of stress-related disorders is an ongoing need. Thus, the importance of RFamide research is underlined by the emergence of peptidergic and G-protein coupled receptor-based therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Evelin Szabó
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kristóf László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Erika Kertes
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Olga Zagorácz
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kitti Mintál
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Rita Gálosi
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bea Berta
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - László Lénárd
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Edina Hormay
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bettina László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Zsuzsanna E. Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H1094 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Öz-Arslan D, Yavuz M, Kan B. Exploring orphan GPCRs in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1394516. [PMID: 38895631 PMCID: PMC11183337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1394516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders represent a significant and growing health burden worldwide. Unfortunately, limited therapeutic options are currently available despite ongoing efforts. Over the past decades, research efforts have increasingly focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these devastating conditions. Orphan receptors, a class of receptors with no known endogenous ligands, emerge as promising druggable targets for diverse diseases. This review aims to direct attention to a subgroup of orphan GPCRs, in particular class A orphans that have roles in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Multiple sclerosis. We highlight the diverse roles orphan receptors play in regulating critical cellular processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal survival and neuro-inflammation. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting orphan receptors for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing recent advances in drug discovery and preclinical studies. Finally, we outline future directions and challenges in orphan receptor research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Öz-Arslan
- Department of Biophysics, Acibadem MAA University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melis Yavuz
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmacology, Acibadem MAA University, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Beki Kan
- Department of Biophysics, Acibadem MAA University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Gu Y, Chen J, Liu X, Xie C, Wang X. Bioinformatics gene analysis for potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of Parkinson's disease based on neutrophil extracellular traps. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1388226. [PMID: 38882525 PMCID: PMC11178047 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1388226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provide key innate immune mechanisms, and studies have shown innate immunity and adaptive immunity are directly linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. However, limited research has been conducted on NETs in the context of PD. Methods A differential analysis was implemented to acquire differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PD and control as well as between high- and low-score groups determined by a gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Then, the genes within the critical module, obtained through a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), were intersected with the DEGs to identify the overlapping genes. Then, five kinds of algorithms in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) were performed to identify potential biomarkers. Subsequently, a nomogram for forecasting PD probability was created. An enrichment analysis and an immune infiltration analysis were performed on the identified biomarkers. qRT-PCR was performed to validate the expression trends of three biomarkers. Results We revealed 798 DEGs between PD and control groups as well as 168 DEGs between high- and low-score groups obtained by differential analyses. The pink module containing 926 genes was identified as the critical module. According to the intersection of these gene sets, a total of 43 overlapping genes were screened out. Furthermore, GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E were confirmed as biomarkers. Moreover, we found that biomarkers mainly participated in pathways, such as the 'hydrogen peroxide catabolic process', and 'cell cycle'; five kinds of differential immune cells between PD and control groups were identified. Finally, the qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated the up-regulation of GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E in the PD group. Discussion Our study authenticated GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E as the biomarkers associated with PD. These findings provide an original reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Youquan Gu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Chengdu shi Longquanyi qu Diyi Renmin Yiyuan: The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Costanzi S, Stahr LG, Trivellin G, Stratakis CA. GPR101: Modeling a constitutively active receptor linked to X-linked acrogigantism. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 127:108676. [PMID: 38006624 PMCID: PMC10843723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
GPR101 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) implicated in a rare form of genetic gigantism known as X-linked acrogigantism, or X-LAG. In particular, X-LAG patients harbor microduplications in the long arm of the X-chromosome that invariably include the GPR101 gene. Duplications of the GPR101 gene lead to the formation of a new chromatin domain that causes over-expression of the receptor in the pituitary tumors of the patients. Notably, GPR101 is a constitutively active receptor, which stimulates cells to produce the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the absence of ligands. Moreover, GPR101 was recently reported to constitutively activate not only the cAMP pathway via Gs, but also other G protein subunits (Gq/11 and G12/13). Hence, chemicals that block the constitutive activity of GPR101, known as inverse agonists, have the potential to be useful for the development of pharmacological tools for the treatment of X-LAG. In this study, we provide structural insights into the putative structure of GPR101 based on in-house built homology models, as well as third party models based on the machine learning methods AlphaFold and AlphaFold-Multistate. Moreover, we report a molecular dynamics study, meant to further probe the constitutive activity of GPR101. Finally, we provide a structural comparison with the closest GPCRs, which suggests that GPR101 does not share their natural ligands. While this manuscript was under review, cryo-electron microscopy structures of GPR101 were reported. These structures are expected to enable computer-aided ligand discovery efforts targeting GPR101.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Costanzi
- American University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Lea G Stahr
- American University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Giampaolo Trivellin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mohammad Nezhady MA, Modaresinejad M, Zia A, Chemtob S. Versatile lactate signaling via HCAR1: a multifaceted GPCR involved in many biological processes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1502-C1515. [PMID: 37899751 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00346.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
G-coupled protein receptors (GPCRs) are the ultimate refuge of pharmacology and medicine as more than 40% of all marketed drugs are directly targeting these receptors. Through cell surface expression, they are at the forefront of cellular communication with the outside world. Metabolites among the conveyors of this communication are becoming more prominent with the recognition of them as ligands for GPCRs. HCAR1 is a GPCR conveyor of lactate. It is a class A GPCR coupled to Gαi which reduces cellular cAMP along with the downstream Gβγ signaling. It was first found to inhibit lipolysis, and lately has been implicated in diverse cellular processes, including neural activities, angiogenesis, inflammation, vision, cardiovascular function, stem cell proliferation, and involved in promoting pathogenesis for different conditions, such as cancer. Other than signaling from the plasma membrane, HCAR1 shows nuclear localization with different location-biased activities therein. Although different functions for HCAR1 are being discovered, its cell and molecular mechanisms are yet ill understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on HCAR1, which covers the literature on the subject, and discusses its importance and relevance in various biological phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Mohammad Nezhady
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Monir Modaresinejad
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aliabbas Zia
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mohammad Nezhady MA, Cagnone G, Joyal JS, Chemtob S. Lack of HCAR1, the lactate GPCR, signaling promotes autistic-like behavior. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:196. [PMID: 37940970 PMCID: PMC10634184 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The GPCR HCAR1 is known to be the sole receptor for lactate, which modulates its metabolic effects. Despite its significant role in many processes, mice deficient in HCAR1 exhibit no visible phenotype and are healthy and fertile. We performed transcriptomic analysis on HCAR1 deficient cells, in combination with lactate, to explore pathophysiologically altered processes. Processes such as immune regulation, various cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases were significantly enriched for HCAR1 transcriptomic signature. However, the most affected process of all was autism spectrum disorder. We performed behavioral tests on HCAR1 KO mice and observed that these mice manifest autistic-like behavior. Our data opens new avenues for research on HCAR1 and lactate effect at a pathological level. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Mohammad Nezhady
- Program in Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Gael Cagnone
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Program in Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Colucci ACM, Tassinari ID, Loss EDS, de Fraga LS. History and Function of the Lactate Receptor GPR81/HCAR1 in the Brain: A Putative Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia. Neuroscience 2023; 526:144-163. [PMID: 37391123 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
GPR81 is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) discovered in 2001, but deorphanized only 7 years later, when its affinity for lactate as an endogenous ligand was demonstrated. More recently, GPR81 expression and distribution in the brain were also confirmed and the function of lactate as a volume transmitter has been suggested since then. These findings shed light on a new function of lactate acting as a signaling molecule in the central nervous system, in addition to its well-known role as a metabolic fuel for neurons. GPR81 seems to act as a metabolic sensor, coupling energy metabolism, synaptic activity, and blood flow. Activation of this receptor leads to Gi-mediated downregulation of adenylyl cyclase and subsequent reduction in cAMP levels, regulating several downstream pathways. Recent studies have also suggested the potential role of lactate as a neuroprotective agent, mainly under brain ischemic conditions. This effect is usually attributed to the metabolic role of lactate, but the underlying mechanisms need further investigation and could be related to lactate signaling via GPR81. The activation of GPR81 showed promising results for neuroprotection: it modulates many processes involved in the pathophysiology of ischemia. In this review, we summarize the history of GPR81, starting with its deorphanization; then, we discuss GPR81 expression and distribution, signaling transduction cascades, and neuroprotective roles. Lastly, we propose GPR81 as a potential target for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Clara Machado Colucci
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Metabolismo (NeuroMet), Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, lab. 660, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Isadora D'Ávila Tassinari
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Metabolismo (NeuroMet), Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, lab. 660, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eloísa da Silveira Loss
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental (LABENEX), Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, lab. 660, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciano Stürmer de Fraga
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Metabolismo (NeuroMet), Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, lab. 660, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yasuda D, Hamano F, Masuda K, Dahlström M, Kobayashi D, Sato N, Hamakubo T, Shimizu T, Ishii S. Inverse agonism of lysophospholipids with cationic head groups at Gi-coupled receptor GPR82. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175893. [PMID: 37392830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
GPR82 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been implicated in lipid storage in mouse adipocytes. However, the intracellular signaling as well as the specific ligands of GPR82 remain unknown. GPR82 is closely related to GPR34, a GPCR for the bioactive lipid molecule lysophosphatidylserine. In this study, we screened a lipid library using GPR82-transfected cells to search for ligands that act on GPR82. By measuring cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels, we found that GPR82 is an apparently constitutively active GPCR that leads to Gi protein activation. In addition, edelfosine (1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), an artificial lysophospholipid with a cationic head group that exerts antitumor activity, inhibited the Gi protein activation by GPR82. Two endogenous lysophospholipids with cationic head groups, lysophosphatidylcholine (1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine), also exhibited GPR82 inhibitory activity, albeit weaker than edelfosine. Förster resonance energy transfer imaging analysis consistently demonstrated that Gi protein-coupled GPR82 has an apparent constitutive activity that is edelfosine-sensitive. Consistent data were obtained from GPR82-mediated binding analysis of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) to cell membranes. Furthermore, in GPR82-transfected cells, edelfosine inhibited insulin-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, like compounds that function as inverse agonists at other GPCRs. Therefore, edelfosine is likely to act as an inverse agonist of GPR82. Finally, GPR82 expression inhibited adipocyte lipolysis, which was abrogated by edelfosine. Our findings suggested that the cationic lysophospholipids edelfosine, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine are novel inverse agonists for Gi-coupled GPR82, which is apparently constitutively active, and has the potential to exert lipolytic effects through GPR82.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumie Hamano
- Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Masuda
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Nana Sato
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Skwarzynska D, Sun H, Williamson J, Kasprzak I, Kapur J. Glycolysis regulates neuronal excitability via lactate receptor, HCA1R. Brain 2023; 146:1888-1902. [PMID: 36346130 PMCID: PMC10411940 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitively firing neurons during seizures accelerate glycolysis to meet energy demand, which leads to the accumulation of extracellular glycolytic by-product lactate. Here, we demonstrate that lactate rapidly modulates neuronal excitability in times of metabolic stress via the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor type 1 (HCA1R) to modify seizure activity. The extracellular lactate concentration, measured by a biosensor, rose quickly during brief and prolonged seizures. In two epilepsy models, mice lacking HCA1R (lactate receptor) were more susceptible to developing seizures. Moreover, HCA1R deficient (knockout) mice developed longer and more severe seizures than wild-type littermates. Lactate perfusion decreased tonic and phasic activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in genetically encoded calcium indicator 7 imaging experiments. HCA1R agonist 3-chloro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (3CL-HBA) reduced the activity of CA1 neurons in HCA1R WT but not in knockout mice. In patch-clamp recordings, both lactate and 3CL-HBA hyperpolarized CA1 pyramidal neurons. HCA1R activation reduced the spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current frequency and altered the paired-pulse ratio of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in HCA1R wild-type but not in knockout mice, suggesting it diminished presynaptic release of excitatory neurotransmitters. Overall, our studies demonstrate that excessive neuronal activity accelerates glycolysis to generate lactate, which translocates to the extracellular space to slow neuronal firing and inhibit excitatory transmission via HCA1R. These studies may identify novel anticonvulsant target and seizure termination mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Skwarzynska
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Huayu Sun
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - John Williamson
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Izabela Kasprzak
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jaideep Kapur
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nordström F, Liegnell R, Apró W, Blackwood SJ, Katz A, Moberg M. The lactate receptor GPR81 is predominantly expressed in type II human skeletal muscle fibers: potential for lactate autocrine signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C477-C487. [PMID: 36622074 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00443.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gi-coupled protein receptor 81 (GPR81) was first identified in adipocytes as a receptor for l-lactate, which upon binding inhibits cyclicAMP (cAMP)-protein kinase (PKA)-cAMP-response element binding (CREB) signaling. Moreover, incubation of myotubes with lactate augments expression of GPR81 and genes and proteins involved in lactate- and energy metabolism. However, characterization of GPR81 expression and investigation of related signaling in human skeletal muscle under conditions of elevated circulating lactate levels are lacking. Muscle biopsies were obtained from healthy men and women at rest, after leg extension exercise, with or without venous infusion of sodium lactate, and 90 and 180 min after exercise (8 men and 8 women). Analyses included protein and mRNA levels of GPR81, as well as GPR81-dependent signaling molecules. GPR81 expression was 2.5-fold higher in type II glycolytic compared with type I oxidative muscle fibers, and the expression was inversely related to the percentage of type I muscle fibers. Muscle from women expressed about 25% more GPR81 protein than from men. Global PKA activity increased by 5%-8% after exercise, with no differences between trials. CREBS133 phosphorylation was reduced by 30% after exercise and remained repressed during the entire trials, with no influence of the lactate infusion. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) were increased by 2.5-6-fold during recovery, and that of lactate dehydrogenase reduced by 15% with no differences between trials for any gene at any time point. The high expression of GPR81-protein in type II fibers suggests that lactate functions as an autocrine signaling molecule in muscle; however, lactate does not appear to regulate CREB signaling during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Nordström
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Liegnell
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William Apró
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah J Blackwood
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abram Katz
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Moberg
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, https://ror.org/046hach49Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho-Clark MJ, Watkins A, Wu TJ. The role of GnRH metabolite, GnRH-(1-5), in endometrial cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1183278. [PMID: 37124730 PMCID: PMC10140499 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1183278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
From the time of its discovery and isolation in the mammalian hypothalamus, the decapeptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), has also been found to be expressed in non-hypothalamic tissues and can elicit a diverse array of functions both in the brain and periphery. In cancer, past studies have targeted the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors (GnRHR) as a way to treat reproductive cancers due to its anti-tumorigenic effects. On the contrary, its metabolite, GnRH-(1-5), behaves divergently from its parental peptide through putative orphan G-protein coupled receptor (oGPCR), GPR101. In this review, we will focus on the potential roles of GnRH-(1-5) in the periphery with an emphasis on its effects on endometrial cancer progression.
Collapse
|
14
|
Understanding the Contribution of Lactate Metabolism in Cancer Progress: A Perspective from Isomers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010087. [PMID: 36612084 PMCID: PMC9817756 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate mediates multiple cell-intrinsic effects in cancer metabolism in terms of development, maintenance, and metastasis and is often correlated with poor prognosis. Its functions are undertaken as an energy source for neighboring carcinoma cells and serve as a lactormone for oncogenic signaling pathways. Indeed, two isomers of lactate are produced in the Warburg effect: L-lactate and D-lactate. L-lactate is the main end-production of glycolytic fermentation which catalyzes glucose, and tiny D-lactate is fabricated through the glyoxalase system. Their production inevitably affects cancer development and therapy. Here, we systematically review the mechanisms of lactate isomers production, and highlight emerging evidence of the carcinogenic biological effects of lactate and its isomers in cancer. Accordingly, therapy that targets lactate and its metabolism is a promising approach for anticancer treatment.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang D, Decker AM, Woodhouse K, Snyder R, Patel P, Harris DL, Tao YX, Li JX, Zhang Y. Isoquinolone derivatives as lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 (LPA5) antagonists: Investigation of structure-activity relationships, ADME properties and analgesic effects. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114741. [PMID: 36126387 PMCID: PMC10155261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 (LPA5) by a recently reported antagonist AS2717638 (2) attenuated inflammatory and neuropathic pains, although it showed moderate in vivo efficacy and its structure-activity relationships and the ADME properties are little studied. We therefore designed and synthesized a series of isoquinolone derivatives and evaluated their potency in LPA5 calcium mobilization and cAMP assays. Our results show that substituted phenyl groups or bicyclic aromatic rings such as benzothiophenes or benzofurans are tolerated at the 2-position, 4-substituted piperidines are favored at the 4-position, and methoxy groups at the 6- and 7-positions are essential for activity. Compounds 65 and 66 showed comparable in vitro potency, excellent selectivity against LPA1-LPA4 and >50 other GPCRs, moderate metabolic stability, and high aqueous solubility and brain permeability. Both 65 and 66 significantly attenuated nociceptive hypersensitivity at lower doses than 2 and had longer-lasting effects in an inflammatory pain model, and 66 also dose-dependently reduced mechanical allodynia in the chronic constriction injury model and opioid-induced hyperalgesia at doses that had no effect on the locomotion in rats. These results suggest that these isoquinolone derivatives as LPA5 antagonists are of promise as potential analgesics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Ann M Decker
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Kristen Woodhouse
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Rodney Snyder
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Purvi Patel
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Danni L Harris
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin J, Liu G, Chen L, Kwok HF, Lin Y. Targeting lactate-related cell cycle activities for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1231-1243. [PMID: 36328311 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lactate has long been considered as a metabolic by-product of aerobic glycolysis for cancer. However, more and more studies have shown that lactate can regulate cancer progression via multiple mechanisms such as cell cycle regulation, immune suppression, energy metabolism and so on. A recent discovery of lactylation attracted a lot of attention and is already a hot topic in the cancer field. In this review, we summarized the latest functions of lactate and its underlying mechanisms in cancer. We also included our analysis of protein lactylation in different rat organs and compared them with other published lactylation data. The unresolved challenges in this field were discussed, and the potential application of these new discoveries of lactate-related cell cycle activities for cancer target therapy was speculated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, the Institute of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, the Institute of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Geng Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Lidian Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, the Institute of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, the Institute of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grochowalska K, Pikul P, Piwkowska A. Insights into the regulation of podocyte and glomerular function by lactate and its metabolic sensor G-protein-coupled receptor 81. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4097-4111. [PMID: 36084306 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes and their foot processes are an important cellular layer of the renal filtration barrier that is involved in regulating glomerular permeability. Disturbances of podocyte function play a central role in the development of proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy. The retraction and effacement of podocyte foot processes that form slit diaphragms are a common feature of proteinuria. Correlations between the retraction of foot processes and the development of proteinuria are not well understood. Unraveling peculiarities of podocyte energy metabolism notably under diabetic conditions will provide insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Intracellular metabolism in the cortical area of podocytes is regulated by glycolysis, whereas energy balance in the central area is controlled by oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. High glucose concentrations were recently reported to force podocytes to switch from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, resulting in lactic acidosis. In this review, we hypothesize that the lactate receptor G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 81) may contribute to the control of podocyte function in both health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Grochowalska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Pikul
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Piwkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vohra R, Sanz-Morello B, Tams ALM, Mouhammad ZA, Freude KK, Hannibal J, Aldana BI, Bergersen LH, Kolko M. Prevention of Cell Death by Activation of Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 1 (GPR81) in Retinal Explants. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132098. [PMID: 35805182 PMCID: PMC9265426 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and death are common characteristics of retinal neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1R, GPR81) was identified as a key modulator of mitochondrial function and cell survival. Thus, we aimed to test whether activation of HCA1R with 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) also promotes RGC survival and improves energy metabolism in mouse retinas. Methods: Retinal explants were treated with 5 mM of the HCA1R agonist, 3,5-DHBA, for 2, 4, 24, and 72 h. Additionally, explants were also treated with 15 mM of L-glutamate to induce toxicity. Tissue survival was assessed through lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) viability assays. RGC survival was measured through immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Total ATP levels were quantified through bioluminescence assays. Energy metabolism was investigated through stable isotope labeling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Lactate and nitric oxide levels were measured through colorimetric assays. Results: HCA1R activation with 3,5-DHBAincreased retinal explant survival. During glutamate-induced death, 3,5-DHBA treatment also increased survival. IHC analysis revealed that 3,5-DHBA treatment promoted RGC survival in retinal wholemounts. 3,5-DHBA treatment also enhanced ATP levels in retinal explants, whereas lactate levels decreased. No effects on glucose metabolism were observed, but small changes in lactate metabolism were found. Nitric oxide levels remained unaltered in response to 3,5-DHBA treatment. Conclusion: The present study reveals that activation of HCA1R with 3,5-DHBA treatment has a neuroprotective effect specifically on RGCs and on glutamate-induced retinal degeneration. Hence, HCA1R agonist administration may be a potential new strategy for rescuing RGCs, ultimately preventing visual disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Vohra
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.K.)
| | - Berta Sanz-Morello
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
| | - Anna Luna Mølgaard Tams
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
| | - Zaynab Ahmad Mouhammad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
| | - Kristine Karla Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
| | - Jens Hannibal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Blanca Irene Aldana
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
| | - Linda Hildegaard Bergersen
- Brain Energy Muscle Group, University of Oslo, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway;
- Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (B.S.-M.); (A.L.M.T.); (Z.A.M.); (B.I.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gurner KH, Evans J, Hutchison JC, Harvey AJ, Gardner DK. A microenvironment of high lactate and low pH created by the blastocyst promotes endometrial receptivity and implantation. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:14-26. [PMID: 34810095 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is the blastocyst's idiosyncratic metabolic production of lactate, and creation of a specialized microenvironment at the implatation site, an important mediator of maternal-fetal signalling to promote endometrial receptivity and implantation? DESIGN Hormonally primed ECC-1 and Ishikawa cells were used to assess functional changes to the endometrial epithelium after exposure to lactic acid (LA), LA with neutralized pH (nLA) or acidic pH (pHL). Tight junction integrity (transepithelial resistance [TER]), cellular proliferation or changes to gene expression by RT-PCR were analysed. The effect of LA on Endometrial stromal cells decidualization and migratory capacity, and HUVEC endothelial tube formation and angiogenesis, were also assessed. RESULTS Treatment of ECC-1 cells with 2.5 mM (P = 0.0037), 5 mM (P = 0.0044), 7.5 mM and 10 mM (P = 0.003) (P = 0.0021) LA significantly decreased the rate of cellular proliferation while TER was decreased with exposure to 2.5 mM LA (P = 0.024), 5 mM LA (P = 0.021) and 7.5 mM LA (P = 0.033). Exposure to nLA or pHL had no effect on proliferation or TER. Upregulation of GLUT4 (P = 0.002), GPR81 (P = 0.048), VEGF, SNAI1 (both P < 0.001) and RELA (P = 0.023) mRNA expression was observed after exposure of Ishikawa cells to combined LA plus pHL. Lactic acid increased the migratory capacity of decidualized stromal cells (P = 0.047) without changing the extent of decidualization. HUVEC tube formation was significantly increased by 5 mM LA exposure (P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS The identification of LA as an important mediator in the maternal-fetal dialogue underpinning implantation is supported. Further examination of the role of LA within the infertile or compromised endometrium could improve natural and assisted pregnancy success and needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H Gurner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne VIC 3010, Australia; Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Jemma Evans
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jennifer C Hutchison
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia
| | | | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne VIC 3010, Australia; Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne VIC 3002, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Elizabeth MSM, Verkerk AJMH, Hokken-Koelega ACS, Verlouw JAM, Argente J, Pfaeffle R, Neggers SJCMM, Visser JA, de Graaff LCG. Congenital hypopituitarism in two brothers with a duplication of the 'acrogigantism gene' GPR101: clinical findings and review of the literature. Pituitary 2021; 24:229-241. [PMID: 33184694 PMCID: PMC7966638 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-020-01101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) can cause significant morbidity or even mortality. In the majority of patients, the etiology of CH is unknown. Understanding the etiology of CH is important for anticipation of clinical problems and for genetic counselling. Our previous studies showed that only a small proportion of cases have mutations in the known 'CH genes'. In the current project, we present the results of SNP array based copy number variant analysis in a family with unexplained congenital hypopituitarism. METHODS DNA samples of two affected brothers with idiopathic CH and their mother were simultaneously analyzed by SNP arrays for copy number variant analysis and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) for mutation screening. DNA of the father was not available. RESULTS We found a 6 Mb duplication including GPR101 and SOX3 on the X-chromosome (Xq26.2-q27.1) in the two siblings and their mother, leading to 2 copies of this region in the affected boys and 3 copies in the mother. Duplications of GPR101 are associated with X-linked acrogigantism (the phenotypic 'opposite' of the affected brothers), whereas alterations in SOX3 are associated with X-linked hypopituitarism. CONCLUSION In our patients with hypopituitarism we found a 6 Mb duplication which includes GPR101, a gene associated with X- linked gigantism, and SOX3, a gene involved in early pituitary organogenesis that is associated with variable degrees of hypopituitarism. Our findings show that in duplications containing both GPR101 and SOX3, the growth hormone deficiency phenotype is dominant. This suggests that, if GPR101 is duplicated, it might not be expressed phenotypically when early patterning of the embryonic pituitary is affected due to SOX3 duplication. These results, together with the review of the literature, shed a new light on the role of GPR101 and SOX3 in pituitary function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melitza S M Elizabeth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdiv. Endocrinology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Annemieke J M H Verkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdiv. Endocrinology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Rare Growth Disorders, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost A M Verlouw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roland Pfaeffle
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura C G de Graaff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Rare Growth Disorders, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kiran D, Basaraba RJ. Lactate Metabolism and Signaling in Tuberculosis and Cancer: A Comparative Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:624607. [PMID: 33718271 PMCID: PMC7952876 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.624607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) leading to tuberculosis (TB) disease continues to be a major global health challenge. Critical barriers, including but not limited to the development of multi-drug resistance, lack of diagnostic assays that detect patients with latent TB, an effective vaccine that prevents Mtb infection, and infectious and non-infectious comorbidities that complicate active TB, continue to hinder progress toward a TB cure. To complement the ongoing development of new antimicrobial drugs, investigators in the field are exploring the value of host-directed therapies (HDTs). This therapeutic strategy targets the host, rather than Mtb, and is intended to augment host responses to infection such that the host is better equipped to prevent or clear infection and resolve chronic inflammation. Metabolic pathways of immune cells have been identified as promising HDT targets as more metabolites and metabolic pathways have shown to play a role in TB pathogenesis and disease progression. Specifically, this review highlights the potential role of lactate as both an immunomodulatory metabolite and a potentially important signaling molecule during the host response to Mtb infection. While long thought to be an inert end product of primarily glucose metabolism, the cancer research field has discovered the importance of lactate in carcinogenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutic drug treatment. Herein, we discuss similarities between the TB granuloma and tumor microenvironments in the context of lactate metabolism and identify key metabolic and signaling pathways that have been shown to play a role in tumor progression but have yet to be explored within the context of TB. Ultimately, lactate metabolism and signaling could be viable HDT targets for TB; however, critical additional research is needed to better understand the role of lactate at the host-pathogen interface during Mtb infection before adopting this HDT strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Randall J. Basaraba
- Metabolism of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pötzsch A, Zocher S, Bernas SN, Leiter O, Rünker AE, Kempermann G. L-lactate exerts a pro-proliferative effect on adult hippocampal precursor cells in vitro. iScience 2021; 24:102126. [PMID: 33659884 PMCID: PMC7895751 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
L-lactate has energetic and signaling properties, and its availability is modulated by activity-dependent stimuli, which also regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Studying the effects of L-lactate on neural precursor cells (NPCs) in vitro, we found that L-lactate is pro-proliferative and that this effect is dependent on the active lactate transport by monocarboxylate transporters. Increased proliferation was not linked to amplified mitochondrial respiration. Instead, L-lactate deviated glucose metabolism to the pentose phosphate pathway, indicated by increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity while glycolysis decreased. Knockout of Hcar1 revealed that the pro-proliferative effect of L-lactate was not dependent on receptor activity although phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt was increased following L-lactate treatment. Together, we show that availability of L-lactate is linked to the proliferative potential of NPCs and add evidence to the hypothesis that lactate influences cellular homeostatic processes in the adult brain, specifically in the context of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. L-lactate increases NPC proliferation in an MCT-dependent manner The pro-proliferative effect of L-lactate is independent of HCAR1 signaling L-lactate decreases glycolysis in favor of pentose phosphate pathway activity L-lactate treatment leads to a transient increase in Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pötzsch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sara Zocher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie N Bernas
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Odette Leiter
- CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annette E Rünker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,CRTD - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Immunoreactivity of receptor and transporters for lactate located in astrocytes and epithelial cells of choroid plexus of human brain. Neurosci Lett 2020; 741:135479. [PMID: 33212210 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism produces lactate and hydrogen ions in an anaerobic environment. Cerebral ischemia or hypoxia is believed to become progressively lactacidemic. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in endothelial cells are essential for the transport of lactate from the blood into the brain. In addition, it is considered that MCTs located in astrocytic and neuronal cells play a key role in the shuttling of energy metabolites between neurons and astrocytes. However, roles of lactate in the brain remain to be clarified. In this study, the localization of lactate transporters and a receptor for cellular uptake of lactate was immunohistochemically examined in autopsied human brains. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 was observed in the apical cytoplasmic membrane of some epithelial cells in the choroid plexus as well as astrocytes and the capillary wall, whereas that for MCT4 was found in the basolateral cytoplasmic membrane of small number of epithelial cells as well as astrocytes and the capillary wall. In addition, immunoreactivity for the hydroxy-carboxylic acid 1 receptor (HCA1 receptor), a receptor for cellular uptake of lactate, was also found on the basolateral cytoplasmic membrane of epithelial cells as well as astrocytic and neuronal cells. Immunoreactivity for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-B was observed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the choroid plexus as well as astrocytes and the capillary wall. These immunohistochemical findings indicate the localization of MCT1, MCT4, the HCA1 receptor, and LDH-B in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus as well as astrocytes, and suggest the transport of intravascular lactate into the brain through epithelial cells of the choroid plexus as well as cerebral vessels and the possibility of lactate being utilized in epithelial cells.
Collapse
|
24
|
Daw CC, Ramachandran K, Enslow BT, Maity S, Bursic B, Novello MJ, Rubannelsonkumar CS, Mashal AH, Ravichandran J, Bakewell TM, Wang W, Li K, Madaris TR, Shannon CE, Norton L, Kandala S, Caplan J, Srikantan S, Stathopulos PB, Reeves WB, Madesh M. Lactate Elicits ER-Mitochondrial Mg 2+ Dynamics to Integrate Cellular Metabolism. Cell 2020; 183:474-489.e17. [PMID: 33035451 PMCID: PMC7572828 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mg2+ is the most abundant divalent cation in metazoans and an essential cofactor for ATP, nucleic acids, and countless metabolic enzymes. To understand how the spatio-temporal dynamics of intracellular Mg2+ (iMg2+) are integrated into cellular signaling, we implemented a comprehensive screen to discover regulators of iMg2+ dynamics. Lactate emerged as an activator of rapid release of Mg2+ from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores, which facilitates mitochondrial Mg2+ (mMg2+) uptake in multiple cell types. We demonstrate that this process is remarkably temperature sensitive and mediated through intracellular but not extracellular signals. The ER-mitochondrial Mg2+ dynamics is selectively stimulated by L-lactate. Further, we show that lactate-mediated mMg2+ entry is facilitated by Mrs2, and point mutations in the intermembrane space loop limits mMg2+ uptake. Intriguingly, suppression of mMg2+ surge alleviates inflammation-induced multi-organ failure. Together, these findings reveal that lactate mobilizes iMg2+ and links the mMg2+ transport machinery with major metabolic feedback circuits and mitochondrial bioenergetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy C Daw
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Karthik Ramachandran
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Benjamin T Enslow
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Soumya Maity
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Brian Bursic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Matthew J Novello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Cherubina S Rubannelsonkumar
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ayah H Mashal
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Joel Ravichandran
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Terry M Bakewell
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Travis R Madaris
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Christopher E Shannon
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Luke Norton
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Soundarya Kandala
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jeffrey Caplan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Subramanya Srikantan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - W Brian Reeves
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine/Cardiology/Diabetes/Nephrology Divisions, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
GPR101 drives growth hormone hypersecretion and gigantism in mice via constitutive activation of G s and G q/11. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4752. [PMID: 32958754 PMCID: PMC7506554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is a key modulator of growth and GH over-secretion can lead to gigantism. One form is X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG), in which infants develop GH-secreting pituitary tumors over-expressing the orphan G-protein coupled receptor, GPR101. The role of GPR101 in GH secretion remains obscure. We studied GPR101 signaling pathways and their effects in HEK293 and rat pituitary GH3 cell lines, human tumors and in transgenic mice with elevated somatotrope Gpr101 expression driven by the rat Ghrhr promoter (GhrhrGpr101). Here, we report that Gpr101 causes elevated GH/prolactin secretion in transgenic GhrhrGpr101 mice but without hyperplasia/tumorigenesis. We show that GPR101 constitutively activates not only Gs, but also Gq/11 and G12/13, which leads to GH secretion but not proliferation. These signatures of GPR101 signaling, notably PKC activation, are also present in human pituitary tumors with high GPR101 expression. These results underline a role for GPR101 in the regulation of somatotrope axis function.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhai X, Li J, Li L, Sun Y, Zhang X, Xue Y, Lv J, Gao Y, Li S, Yan W, Yin S, Xiao Z. L-lactate preconditioning promotes plasticity-related proteins expression and reduces neurological deficits by potentiating GPR81 signaling in rat traumatic brain injury model. Brain Res 2020; 1746:146945. [PMID: 32531223 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is no efficacious pharmacological treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Previous studies revealed that L-lactate preconditioning has shown rich neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, and therefore has the potential to improve neurological outcomes after TBI. L-lactate played a neuroprotective role by activating GPR81 in diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as TBI and cerebral ischemia. In this study we investigated the effects of L-lactate preconditioning on TBI and explored the underlying mechanisms. In this study, the mNSS test revealed that L-lactate preconditioning alleviates the neurological deficit caused by TBI in rats. L-lactate preconditioning significantly increased the expression of GPR81, PSD95, GAP43, BDNF, and MCT2 24 h after TBI in the cortex and hippocampus compared with the sham group. Taken together, these data suggested that L-lactate preconditioning is an effective method with which to recover neurological function after TBI. This reveals the mechanism of L-lactate preconditioning on TBI and provides a potential therapeutic method for TBI in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Jinying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Liya Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Shouxin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengming Yin
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hu J, Cai M, Liu Y, Liu B, Xue X, Ji R, Bian X, Lou S. The roles of GRP81 as a metabolic sensor and inflammatory mediator. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8938-8950. [PMID: 32342523 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
GPR81 (also named as HCA1) is a member of a subfamily of orphan G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), coupled to Gi -type G proteins. GPR81 was discovered in 2001 and identified as the only known endogenous receptor of lactate under physiological conditions in 2008, which opened a new field of research on how lactate may act as a signal molecule along with the GPR81 expression in the roles of metabolic process and inflammatory response. Recent studies showed that the physiological functions of GPR81 include lipid metabolism in adipose tissues, metabolic excitability in the brain, cellular development, and inflammatory response modulation. These findings may reveal a novel therapeutic strategy to treat clinical, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. This article will summarize past research on GPR81, including its characteristics of distribution and expression, functional residues, pharmacological, and physiological agonists, involvement in signal transduction, and pharmacological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangli Xue
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruifang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuepeng Bian
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Lou
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dziedzic A, Miller E, Saluk-Bijak J, Bijak M. The GPR17 Receptor-A Promising Goal for Therapy and a Potential Marker of the Neurodegenerative Process in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051852. [PMID: 32182666 PMCID: PMC7084627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important goals in the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) is, in addition to immunomodulation, reconstruction of the lost myelin sheath. The modulator of the central nervous system myelination is the metabotropic receptor coupled to the G-protein: GPR17. GPR17 receptors are considered to be sensors of local damage to the myelin sheath, and play a role in the reconstruction and repair of demyelinating plaques caused by ongoing inflammatory processes. GPR17 receptors are present on nerve cells and precursor oligodendrocyte cells. Under physiological conditions, they are responsible for the differentiation and subsequent maturation of oligodendrocytes, while under pathological conditions (during damage to nerve cells), their expression increases to become mediators in the demyelinating processes. Moreover, they are essential not only in both the processes of inducing damage and the death of neurons, but also in the local repair of the damaged myelin sheath. Therefore, GPR17 receptors may be recognized as the potential goal in creating innovative therapies for the treatment of the neurodegenerative process in MS, based on the acceleration of the remyelination processes. This review examines the role of GRP17 in pathomechanisms of MS development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dziedzic
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.); (J.S.-B.)
| | - Elzbieta Miller
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa 14, 93-113 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.); (J.S.-B.)
| | - Michal Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-4336
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zagorácz O, Ollmann T, Péczely L, László K, Kovács A, Berta B, Kállai V, Kertes E, Lénárd L. QRFP administration into the medial hypothalamic nuclei improves memory in rats. Brain Res 2019; 1727:146563. [PMID: 31765630 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Even though several of RFamide peptides have been shown to modify memory and learning processes in different species, almost nothing is known regarding cognitive effects of recently discovered neuropeptide QRFP. Considering multiple physiological functions of QRFP, localization of QRFP-synthesizing neurons in the hypothalamus and its' widely spread binding sites within the CNS, the present study was designed to investigate the possible role of QRFP in the consolidation of spatial memory. As target area for microinjection, the medial hypothalamic area, including dorsomedial (DMN) and ventromedial (VMN) nuclei, has been chosen. At first, the effects of two doses (200 ng and 400 ng) of QRFP were investigated in Morris water maze. After that receptor antagonist BIBP3226 (equimolar amount to the effective dose of neuropeptide) was applied to elucidate whether it can prevent effects of QRFP. To reveal possible changes in anxiety level, animals were tested in Elevated plus maze. The higher dose of QRFP (400 ng) improved short-term memory consolidation in Morris water maze. Pretreatment with antagonist BIBP3226 abolished cognitive effects of QRFP. The neuropeptide did not affect anxiety level of rats. This study provides unique evidence regarding the role of QRFP in the consolidation of memory and gives the basis for further investigations of neuropeptide's cognitive effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zagorácz
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Ollmann
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Péczely
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kristóf László
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Beáta Berta
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Veronika Kállai
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Kertes
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Lénárd
- Institute of Physiology, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary; Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang J, Sun-Waterhouse D, Su G, Zhao M. New insight into umami receptor, umami/umami-enhancing peptides and their derivatives: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
31
|
Gonçalves CA, Rodrigues L, Bobermin LD, Zanotto C, Vizuete A, Quincozes-Santos A, Souza DO, Leite MC. Glycolysis-Derived Compounds From Astrocytes That Modulate Synaptic Communication. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1035. [PMID: 30728759 PMCID: PMC6351787 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the concept of the tripartite synapse, we have reviewed the role of glucose-derived compounds in glycolytic pathways in astroglial cells. Glucose provides energy and substrate replenishment for brain activity, such as glutamate and lipid synthesis. In addition, glucose metabolism in the astroglial cytoplasm results in products such as lactate, methylglyoxal, and glutathione, which modulate receptors and channels in neurons. Glucose has four potential destinations in neural cells, and it is possible to propose a crossroads in “X” that can be used to describe these four destinations. Glucose-6P can be used either for glycogen synthesis or the pentose phosphate pathway on the left and right arms of the X, respectively. Fructose-6P continues through the glycolysis pathway until pyruvate is formed but can also act as the initial compound in the hexosamine pathway, representing the left and right legs of the X, respectively. We describe each glucose destination and its regulation, indicating the products of these pathways and how they can affect synaptic communication. Extracellular L-lactate, either generated from glucose or from glycogen, binds to HCAR1, a specific receptor that is abundantly localized in perivascular and post-synaptic membranes and regulates synaptic plasticity. Methylglyoxal, a product of a deviation of glycolysis, and its derivative D-lactate are also released by astrocytes and bind to GABAA receptors and HCAR1, respectively. Glutathione, in addition to its antioxidant role, also binds to ionotropic glutamate receptors in the synaptic cleft. Finally, we examined the hexosamine pathway and evaluated the effect of GlcNAc-modification on key proteins that regulate the other glucose destinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larissa D Bobermin
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Zanotto
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Vizuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina C Leite
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hou ZS, Tao YX. Mutations in GPR101 as a potential cause of X-linked acrogigantism and acromegaly. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 161:47-67. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
33
|
Zhang J, Zhao M, Su G, Lin L. Identification and taste characteristics of novel umami and umami-enhancing peptides separated from peanut protein isolate hydrolysate by consecutive chromatography and UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Food Chem 2018; 278:674-682. [PMID: 30583429 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Six novel peptides were separated from peanut protein isolate hydrolysate (PPIH) using ethanol precipitation and gel chromatography, and identified as DQR, NNP, EGF, EDG, TESSSE and RGENESEEEGAIVT by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. On the basis of sensory results, all peptides were perceived umami with threshold values from 0.39 to 1.11 mM and had umami-enhancing abilities simultaneously with threshold values from 0.33 to 0.82 mM. RGENESEEEGAIVT was the first discovered tetradecapeptide with umami and umami-enhancing ability. The dose-response test revealed that umami-enhancing activities of identified peptides were different: TESSSE and RGENESEEEGAIVT imparted better umami intensity when equimolar monosodium glutamate (MSG) was added into 0.5 g/L MSG solution. Taste profile analyses of complex mixtures with/without synthetic peptides were determined by both electronic tongue and human panellists, suggesting that umami peptides influence multiple tastes and electronic tongue has the potential to replace sensory test to distinguish taste attributes of foods rich in peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Alim K, Lefranc B, Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos J, Dubessy C, Picot M, Boutin JA, Vaudry H, Chartrel N, Vaudry D, Chuquet J, Leprince J. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Functional Evaluation of a Novel Series of 26RFa Peptide Analogues Containing a Mono- or Polyalkyl Guanidino Arginine Derivative. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10185-10197. [PMID: 30358997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
26RFa, the endogenous QRFPR ligand, is implicated in several physiological and pathological conditions such as the regulation of glucose homeostasis and bone mineralization; hence, QRFPR ligands display therapeutic potential. At the molecular level, functional interaction occurs between residues Arg25 of 26RFa and Gln125 of QRFPR. We have designed 26RFa(20-26) analogues incorporating arginine derivatives modified by alkylated substituents. We found that the Arg25 side chain length was necessary to retain the activity of 26RFa(20-26) and that N-monoalkylation of arginine was accommodated by the QRFPR active site. In particular, [(Me)ωArg25]26RFa(20-26) (5b, LV-2186) appeared to be 25-fold more potent than 26RFa(20-26) and displayed a position in a QRFPR homology model slightly different to that of the unmodified heptapeptide. Other peptides were less potent than 26RFa(20-26), exhibited partial agonistic activity, or were totally inactive in accordance to different ligand-bound structures. In vivo, [(Me)ωArg25]26RFa(20-26) exerted a delayed 26RFa-like hypoglycemic effect. Finally, N-methyl substituted arginine-containing peptides represent lead compounds for further development of QRFPR agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karima Alim
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | | | - Christophe Dubessy
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier , 50 rue Carnot , 92150 Suresnes , France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - David Vaudry
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Julien Chuquet
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Leysen H, van Gastel J, Hendrickx JO, Santos-Otte P, Martin B, Maudsley S. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Systems as Crucial Regulators of DNA Damage Response Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2919. [PMID: 30261591 PMCID: PMC6213947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their associated proteins represent one of the most diverse cellular signaling systems involved in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Aging represents perhaps the most complex biological process in humans and involves a progressive degradation of systemic integrity and physiological resilience. This is in part mediated by age-related aberrations in energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, protein folding and sorting, inflammatory activity and genomic stability. Indeed, an increased rate of unrepaired DNA damage is considered to be one of the 'hallmarks' of aging. Over the last two decades our appreciation of the complexity of GPCR signaling systems has expanded their functional signaling repertoire. One such example of this is the incipient role of GPCRs and GPCR-interacting proteins in DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Emerging data now suggest that GPCRs could function as stress sensors for intracellular damage, e.g., oxidative stress. Given this role of GPCRs in the DNA damage response process, coupled to the effective history of drug targeting of these receptors, this suggests that one important future activity of GPCR therapeutics is the rational control of DNA damage repair systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Leysen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jaana van Gastel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jhana O Hendrickx
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Paula Santos-Otte
- Institute of Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bronwen Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Center of Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Herrera-López G, Galván EJ. Modulation of hippocampal excitability via the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1. Hippocampus 2018; 28:557-567. [PMID: 29704292 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its prominent role as an energetic substrate in the brain, lactate is emerging as a signaling molecule capable of controlling neuronal excitability. The finding that the lactate-activated receptor (hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1; HCA1) is widely expressed in the brain opened up the possibility that lactate exerts modulation of neuronal activity via a transmembranal receptor-linked mechanism. Here, we show that lactate causes biphasic modulation of the intrinsic excitability of CA1 pyramidal cells. In the low millimolar range, lactate or the HCA1 agonist 3,5-DHBA reduced the input resistance and membrane time constant. In addition, activation of HCA1 significantly blocked the fast inactivating sodium current and increased the delay from inactivation to a conducting state of the sodium channel. As the observed actions occurred in the presence of 4-CIN, a blocker of the neuronal monocarboxylate transporter, the possibility that lactate acted via neuronal metabolism is unlikely. Consistently, modulation of the intrinsic excitability was abolished when CA1 pyramidal cells were dialyzed with pertussis toxin, indicating the dependency of a Gαi/o -protein-coupled receptor. The activation of HCA1 appears to serve as a restraining mechanism during enhanced network activity and may function as a negative feedback for the astrocytic production of lactate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Herrera-López
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, México City 14330, México
| | - Emilio J Galván
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, México City 14330, México
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Trivellin G, Hernández-Ramírez LC, Swan J, Stratakis CA. An orphan G-protein-coupled receptor causes human gigantism and/or acromegaly: Molecular biology and clinical correlations. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 32:125-140. [PMID: 29678281 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) is a recently described form of familial or sporadic pituitary gigantism characterized by very early onset GH and IGF-1 excess, accelerated growth velocity, gigantism and/or acromegaloid features. Germline or somatic microduplications of the Xq26.3 chromosomal region, invariably involving the GPR101 gene, constitute the genetic defect leading to X-LAG. GPR101 encodes a class A G protein-coupled receptor that activates the 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway. Highly expressed in the central nervous system, the main physiological function and ligand of GPR101 remain unknown, but it seems to play a role in the normal development of the GHRH-GH axis. Early recognition of X-LAG cases is imperative because these patients require clinical management that differs from that of other patients with acromegaly or gigantism. Medical treatment with pegvisomant seems to be the best approach, since X-LAG tumors are resistant to the treatment with somatostatin analogues and dopamine agonists; surgical cure requires near-total hypophysectomy. Currently, the efforts of our research focus on the identification of GPR101 ligands; in addition, the long-term follow-up of X-LAG patients is of extreme interest as this is expected to lead to better understanding of GPR101 effects on human pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Trivellin
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1862, USA
| | - Laura C Hernández-Ramírez
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1862, USA
| | - Jeremy Swan
- Computer Support Services Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1862, USA
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1862, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ranganathan P, Shanmugam A, Swafford D, Suryawanshi A, Bhattacharjee P, Hussein MS, Koni PA, Prasad PD, Kurago ZB, Thangaraju M, Ganapathy V, Manicassamy S. GPR81, a Cell-Surface Receptor for Lactate, Regulates Intestinal Homeostasis and Protects Mice from Experimental Colitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:1781-1789. [PMID: 29386257 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
At mucosal sites such as the intestine, the immune system launches robust immunity against invading pathogens while maintaining a state of tolerance to commensal flora and ingested food Ags. The molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that signaling by GPR81, a receptor for lactate, in colonic dendritic cells and macrophages plays an important role in suppressing colonic inflammation and restoring colonic homeostasis. Genetic deletion of GPR81 in mice led to increased Th1/Th17 cell differentiation and reduced regulatory T cell differentiation, resulting in enhanced susceptibility to colonic inflammation. This was due to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and decreased expression of immune regulatory factors (IL-10, retinoic acid, and IDO) by intestinal APCs lacking GPR81. Consistent with these findings, pharmacological activation of GPR81 decreased inflammatory cytokine expression and ameliorated colonic inflammation. Taken together, these findings identify a new and important role for the GPR81 signaling pathway in regulating immune tolerance and colonic inflammation. Thus, manipulation of the GPR81 pathway could provide novel opportunities for enhancing regulatory responses and treating colonic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Swafford
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | | | - Pushpak Bhattacharjee
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430
| | | | - Pandelakis A Koni
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30901.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30901; and
| | - Puttur D Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30901; and
| | - Zoya B Kurago
- Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Muthusamy Thangaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30901; and
| | - Vadivel Ganapathy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430
| | - Santhakumar Manicassamy
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912; .,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30901
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Identification of potent lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 (LPA5) antagonists as potential analgesic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:257-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
40
|
Bauman BM, Yin W, Gore AC, Wu TJ. Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-(1-5) Signaling Genes by Estradiol Is Age Dependent. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:282. [PMID: 29163355 PMCID: PMC5663685 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulatory molecule of the hypothalamus-pituitary (PIT)-gonadal (HPG) axis that ultimately leads to the downstream release of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P). These gonadal steroids feed back to the hypothalamus and PIT to regulate reproductive function and behavior. While GnRH is thought to be the master regulator of reproduction, its metabolic product GnRH-(1-5) is also biologically active. Thimet oligopeptidase 1 (also known as EP24.15) cleaves GnRH to form GnRH-(1-5). GnRH-(1-5) is involved in regulation of the HPG axis, exerting its actions through a pair of orphan G protein-coupled receptors, GPR101 and GPR173. The physiological importance of GnRH-(1-5) signaling has been studied in several contexts, but its potential role during reproductive senescence is poorly understood. We used an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of reproductive senescence to assess whether and how GnRH-(1-5) signaling genes in hypothalamic subnuclei change in response to aging and/or different estradiol replacement regimens designed to model clinical hormone replacement in women. We found that Gpr101 and Gpr173 mRNA expression was increased with age in the arcuate nucleus, while expression of Gpr173 and EP24.15 increased with age in the medial preoptic area. Treatment with E2 in younger OVX animals increased expression of Gpr101, Gpr173, and EP24.15. However, older animals treated with E2 showed decreased expression of these GnRH-(1-5) signaling genes, displaying an age-related decline in responsiveness to E2. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically assess the effects of age and different clinically relevant regimens of E2 replacement on GnRH-(1-5) signaling genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradly M. Bauman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Weiling Yin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Andrea C. Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Psychology, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - T. John Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Scholz CJ, Weber H, Jungwirth S, Danielczyk W, Reif A, Tragl KH, Fischer P, Riederer P, Deckert J, Grünblatt E. Explorative results from multistep screening for potential genetic risk loci of Alzheimer's disease in the longitudinal VITA study cohort. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:77-87. [PMID: 29027019 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that preferentially affects individuals of advanced age. Heritability estimates for AD range between 60 and 80%, but only few genetic risk factors have been identified so far. In the present explorative study, we aimed at characterizing the genetic contribution to late-onset AD in participants of the Vienna Transdanube Aging (VITA) longitudinal birth cohort study in a two-step approach. First, we performed a genome-wide screen of pooled DNA samples (n = 588) to identify allele frequency differences between AD patients and non-AD individuals using life-time diagnoses made at the age of 80 (t = 60 months). This analysis suggested a high proportion of brain-expressed genes required for cell adhesion, cell signaling and cell morphogenesis, and also scored in known AD risk genes. In a second step, we confirmed associations using individual genotypes of top-ranked markers examining AD diagnoses as well as the dimensional scores: FULD and MMSE determined up to the age of 82.5 (t = 90 months). Taken together, our study proposes genes ANKS1B, ENST00000414107, LOC100505811, SLC22A14, QRFPR, ZDHHC8P1, ADAMTS3 and PPFIA1 as possible new candidates involved in the etiology of late-onset AD, with further research being needed to clarify their exact roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claus-Jürgen Scholz
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Jungwirth
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Medicine Center East- Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Danielczyk
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Tragl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Fischer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Medicine Center East- Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Riederer
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Leprince J, Bagnol D, Bureau R, Fukusumi S, Granata R, Hinuma S, Larhammar D, Primeaux S, Sopkova-de Oliveiras Santos J, Tsutsui K, Ukena K, Vaudry H. The Arg-Phe-amide peptide 26RFa/glutamine RF-amide peptide and its receptor: IUPHAR Review 24. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3573-3607. [PMID: 28613414 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The RFamide neuropeptide 26RFa was first isolated from the brain of the European green frog on the basis of cross-reactivity with antibodies raised against bovine neuropeptide FF (NPFF). 26RFa and its N-terminally extended form glutamine RF-amide peptide (QRFP) have been identified as cognate ligands of the former orphan receptor GPR103, now renamed glutamine RF-amide peptide receptor (QRFP receptor). The 26RFa/QRFP precursor has been characterized in various mammalian and non-mammalian species. In the brain of mammals, including humans, 26RFa/QRFP mRNA is almost exclusively expressed in hypothalamic nuclei. The 26RFa/QRFP transcript is also present in various organs especially in endocrine glands. While humans express only one QRFP receptor, two isoforms are present in rodents. The QRFP receptor genes are widely expressed in the CNS and in peripheral tissues, notably in bone, heart, kidney, pancreas and testis. Structure-activity relationship studies have led to the identification of low MW peptidergic agonists and antagonists of QRFP receptor. Concurrently, several selective non-peptidic antagonists have been designed from high-throughput screening hit optimization. Consistent with the widespread distribution of QRFP receptor mRNA and 26RFa binding sites, 26RFa/QRFP exerts a large range of biological activities, notably in the control of energy homeostasis, bone formation and nociception that are mediated by QRFP receptor or NPFF2. The present report reviews the current knowledge concerning the 26RFa/QRFP-QRFP receptor system and discusses the potential use of selective QRFP receptor ligands for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Didier Bagnol
- CNS Drug Discovery, Arena Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronan Bureau
- Normandy Centre for Studies and Research on Medicines (CERMN), Normandy University, Caen, France
| | - Shoji Fukusumi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Riccarda Granata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Shuji Hinuma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Senri Kinran University, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dan Larhammar
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefany Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Laboratory of Integrative Brain Sciences, Department of Biology, Waseda University, Center for Medical Life Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Murai N, Hiyama H, Kiso T, Sekizawa T, Watabiki T, Oka H, Aoki T. Analgesic effects of novel lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 antagonist AS2717638 in rodents. Neuropharmacology 2017; 126:97-107. [PMID: 28859883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that acts via at least six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA receptors 1-6 (LPA1-6), for various physiological functions. We examined (1) whether LPA5 is involved in pain signaling in the spinal cord; and (2) the pharmacological effects of a novel LPA5 antagonist on intrathecal prostaglandin (PG)- and (S)-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced allodynia, and neuropathic and inflammatory pain in rodents. Intrathecal injection of a selective LPA5 agonist, geranylgeranyl diphosphate, and a non-selective agonist, LPA, induced allodynia in wild type, but not in LPA5 knockout mice. These novel results suggest that LPA5 is important for pain signal transmission in the spinal cord. AS2717638 (6,7-dimethoxy-2-(5-methyl-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-ylcarbonyl)isoquinolin-1(2H)-one) bound to the LPA-binding site on LPA5 and selectively inhibited LPA-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation in human LPA5-but not LPA1-, 2-, or 3-expressing cells. Further, oral administration of AS2717638 inhibited LPA5 agonist-induced allodynia in mice. AS2717638 also significantly improved PGE2-, PGF2α-, and AMPA-induced allodynia, while both pregabalin and duloxetine alleviated only PGE2-induced allodynia in mice. Similarly, AS2717638 significantly ameliorated static mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in rat models of chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain. AS2717638 also showed analgesic effects in a rat model of inflammatory pain. These findings suggest that LPA5 antagonists elicit broad analgesic effects against both neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Accordingly, pharmacological LPA5 antagonists are attractive development candidates for potential novel pain therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhito Murai
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Hideki Hiyama
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kiso
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sekizawa
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tomonari Watabiki
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Oka
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Aoki
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rodents and humans are able to detect the odour of L-Lactate. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178478. [PMID: 28542639 PMCID: PMC5444829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
L-Lactate (LL) is an essential cellular metabolite which can be used to generate energy. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that LL is used for inter-cellular signalling. Some LL-sensitive receptors have been identified but we recently proposed that there may be yet another unknown G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) sensitive to LL in the brain. Olfactory receptors (ORs) represent the largest family of GPCRs and some of them are expressed outside the olfactory system, including brain, making them interesting candidates for non-olfactory LL signalling. One of the “ectopically” expressed ORs, Olfr78 in mice (Olr59 in rats and OR51E2 in humans), reportedly can be activated by LL. This implies that both rodents and humans should be able to detect the LL odour. Surprisingly, this has never been demonstrated. Here we show that mice can detect the odour of LL in odour detection and habituation-dishabituation tasks, and discriminate it from peppermint and vanilla odours. Behaviour of the Olfr78 null mice and wildtype mice in odour detection task was not different, indicating that rodents are equipped with more than one LL-sensitive OR. Rats were also able to use the smell of LL as a cue in an odour-reward associative learning task. When presented to humans, more than 90% of participants detected a smell of LL in solution. Interestingly, LL was perceived differently than acetate or propionate—LL was preferentially reported as a pleasant sweet scent while acetate and propionate were perceived as repulsive sour/acid smells. Subjective perception of LL smell was different in men and women. Taken together, our data demonstrate that both rodents and humans are able to detect the odour of LL. Moreover, in mice, LL perception is not purely mediated by Olfr78. Discovery of further LL-sensitive OR might shed the light on their contribution to LL signalling in the body.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sangoi MG, Lamothe SM, Guo J, Yang T, Li W, Avery EG, Fisher JT, Zhang S. β-Arrestin-Mediated Regulation of the Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Potassium Channel. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:162-174. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.108035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
|
46
|
Khan MZ, He L. Neuro-psychopharmacological perspective of Orphan receptors of Rhodopsin (class A) family of G protein-coupled receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1181-1207. [PMID: 28289782 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the central nervous system (CNS), G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most fruitful targets for neuropsychopharmacological drug development. Rhodopsin (class A) is the most studied class of GPCR and includes orphan receptors for which the endogenous ligand is not known or is unclear. Characterization of orphan GPCRs has proven to be challenging, and the production pace of GPCR-based drugs has been incredibly slow. OBJECTIVE Determination of the functions of these receptors may provide unexpected insight into physiological and neuropathological processes. Advances in various methods and techniques to investigate orphan receptors including in situ hybridization and knockdown/knockout (KD/KO) showed extensive expression of these receptors in the mammalian brain and unmasked their physiological and neuropathological roles. Due to these rapid progress and development, orphan GPCRs are rising as a new and promising class of drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION This review presents a neuropsychopharmacological perspective of 26 orphan receptors of rhodopsin (class A) family, namely GPR3, GPR6, GPR12, GPR17, GPR26, GPR35, GPR39, GPR48, GPR49, GPR50, GPR52, GPR55, GPR61, GPR62, GPR63, GPR68, GPR75, GPR78, GPR83, GPR84, GPR85, GPR88, GPR153, GPR162, GPR171, and TAAR6. We discussed the expression of these receptors in mammalian brain and their physiological roles. Furthermore, we have briefly highlighted their roles in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, neuroinflammation, inflammatory pain, bipolar and schizophrenic disorders, epilepsy, anxiety, and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China.
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dong DD, Zhou H, Li G. GPR78 promotes lung cancer cell migration and metastasis by activation of Gαq-Rho GTPase pathway. BMB Rep 2017; 49:623-628. [PMID: 27697106 PMCID: PMC5346323 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.11.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR78 is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is predominantly expressed in human brain tissues. Currently, the function of GPR78 is unknown. This study revealed that GPR78 was expressed in lung cancer cells and functioned as a novel regulator of lung cancer cell migration and metastasis. We found that knockdown of GPR78 in lung cancer cells suppressed cell migration. Moreover, GPR78 modulated the formation of actin stress fibers in A549 cells, in a RhoA- and Rac1-dependent manner. At the molecular level, GPR78 regulated cell motility through the activation of Gαq-RhoA/Rac1 pathway. We further demonstrated that in vivo, the knockdown of GPR78 inhibited lung cancer cell metastasis. These findings suggest that GPR78 is a novel regulator for lung cancer metastasis and may serve as a potential drug target against metastatic human lung cancer. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(11): 623-628].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Dong
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Gao Li
- Thoracic Surgery , Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Toward the next step in G protein-coupled receptor research: a knowledge-driven analysis for the next potential targets in drug discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 17:111-133. [PMID: 28063110 DOI: 10.1007/s10969-016-9212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
More than 800 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes have been discovered in the human genome. Towards the next step in GPCR research, we performed a knowledge-driven analysis of orphan class-A GPCRs that may serve as novel targets in drug discovery. We examined the relationship between 61 orphan class-A GPCR genes and diseases using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database and the DDSS tool. The OMIM database contains data on disease-related variants of the genes. Particularly, the variants of GPR101, GPR161, and GPR88 are related to the genetic diseases: growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma 2, pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (not confirmed), and childhood-onset chorea with psychomotor retardation, respectively. On the other hand, the Drug Discovery and Diagnostic Support System (DDSS) tool suggests that 48 out of the 61 orphan receptor genes are related to diseases, judging from their co-occurrences in abstracts of biomedical literature. Notably, GPR50 and GPR3 are related to as many as 25 and 24 disease-associated keywords, respectively. GPR50 is related to 17 keywords of psychiatric disorders, whereas GPR3 is related to 11 keywords of neurological disorders. The aforementioned five orphan GPCRs were characterized genetically, structurally and functionally using the structural life science data cloud VaProS, so as to evaluate their potential as next targets in drug discovery.
Collapse
|
49
|
Gesmundo I, Villanova T, Banfi D, Gamba G, Granata R. Role of Melatonin, Galanin, and RFamide Neuropeptides QRFP26 and QRFP43 in the Neuroendocrine Control of Pancreatic β-Cell Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:143. [PMID: 28729853 PMCID: PMC5499649 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is finely regulated by a number of hormones and peptides released mainly from the brain, gastrointestinal tract, and muscle, regulating pancreatic secretion through cellular receptors and their signal transduction cascades. The endocrine function of the pancreas is controlled by islets within the exocrine pancreatic tissue that release hormones like insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, and ghrelin. Moreover, both exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions are regulated by a variety of hormonal and neural mechanisms, such as ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, or the inhibitory peptide somatostatin. In this review, we describe the role of neurohormones that have been less characterized compared to others, on the regulation of insulin secretion. In particular, we will focus on melatonin, galanin, and RFamide neuropeptides QRFP26 and QRFP43, which display either insulinotropic or insulinostatic effects. In fact, in addition to other hormones, amino acids, cytokines, and a variety of proteins, brain-derived hormones are now considered as key regulators of glucose homeostasis, representing potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetes and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iacopo Gesmundo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tania Villanova
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dana Banfi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gamba
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccarda Granata
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Riccarda Granata,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chartrel N, Picot M, El Medhi M, Arabo A, Berrahmoune H, Alexandre D, Maucotel J, Anouar Y, Prévost G. The Neuropeptide 26RFa (QRFP) and Its Role in the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis: A Mini-Review. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:549. [PMID: 27965532 PMCID: PMC5126098 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini-review deals with the neuropeptide 26RFa (or QRFP) which is a member of the RFamide peptide family discovered simultaneously by three groups in 2003. 26RFa (or its N-extended form 43RFa) was subsequently shown to be the endogenous ligand of the human orphan receptor GPR103. In the brain, 26RFa and GPR103mRNA are primarily expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of feeding behavior, and at the periphery, the neuropeptide and its receptor are present in abundance in the gut and the pancreatic islets, suggesting that 26RFa is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. Indeed, 26RFa stimulates food intake when injected centrally, and its orexigenic effect is even more pronounced in obese animals. The expression of 26RFa is up-regulated in the hypothalamus of obese animals, supporting that the 26RFa/GPR103 system may play a role in the development and/or maintenance of the obese status. Recent data indicate that 26RFa is also involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. 26RFa reduces glucose-induced hyperglycemia, increases insulin sensitivity and insulinemia. Furthermore, an oral ingestion of glucose strongly stimulates 26RFa release by the gut, indicating that 26RFa is a novel incretin. Finally, 26RFa is able to prevent pancreatic β cell death and apoptosis. This brief overview reveals that 26RFa is a key neuropeptide in the regulation of energy metabolism. Further fields of research are suggested including the pathophysiological implication of the 26RFa/GPR103 system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Mouna El Medhi
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityMont-Saint-Aignan, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, University Hospital of Rouen, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityRouen, France
| | - David Alexandre
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityMont-Saint-Aignan, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, University Hospital of Rouen, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityRouen, France
| |
Collapse
|