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Gupta A, Singh S. Potential Role of Growth Factors Controlled Release in Achieving Enhanced Neuronal Trans-differentiation from Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neural Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:983-1001. [PMID: 34816381 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With an increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, a need to replace incapable conventional methods has arisen. To overcome this burden, stem cells therapy has emerged as an efficient treatment option. Endeavours to accomplish this have paved the path to neural regeneration through efficient neuronal transdifferentiation. Despite their potential, the use of stem cells still entails several limitations, such as low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in guiding differentiation. The process of neural differentiation through the stem cells is achieved through the use of chemical inducers or growth factors and their direct introduction reduces their bioavailability in the system. To address these limitations, neural regeneration ventures require growth factors to be effectively implemented on stem cells in order to produce functional neuronal precursor cells. An efficient technique to achieve it is through the delivery of growth factors via microcarriers for their sustained release. It ensures the presence of commensurable concentration even at later stages of neuronal transdifferentiation. Nanofibers and nanoparticles, along with liposomes and such, have been used to implement this. The interaction between such carriers and the growth factors is mainly electrostatic. Such interaction enables them to form a stable assembly through immobilisation of the growth factor either onto their surfaces or within the core of their structures. The rate of sustained release depends upon the release kinetics associated with the polymeric structure employed and its interaction with the encapsulated growth factor. The sustained release ensures that the stem cells immerse under the effect of the growth factors for a prolonged period, ultimately aiding in the formation of cells showing ample characteristics of neuron precursors. This review analyses the various carriers that have been employed for the release of growth factors in an orderly fashion and their constituents, along with the advantages and the limitations they pose in delivering the growth factors for facilitating the process of neuronal transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Gupta
- Applied Science Department, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Applied Science Department, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, UP, India.
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Ferreira R, Napoli J, Enver T, Bernardino L, Ferreira L. Advances and challenges in retinoid delivery systems in regenerative and therapeutic medicine. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4265. [PMID: 32848154 PMCID: PMC7450074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoids regulate a wide spectrum of cellular functions from the embryo throughout adulthood, including cell differentiation, metabolic regulation, and inflammation. These traits make retinoids very attractive molecules for medical purposes. In light of some of the physicochemical limitations of retinoids, the development of drug delivery systems offers several advantages for clinical translation of retinoid-based therapies, including improved solubilization, prolonged circulation, reduced toxicity, sustained release, and improved efficacy. In this Review, we discuss advances in preclinical and clinical tests regarding retinoid formulations, specifically the ones based in natural retinoids, evaluated in the context of regenerative medicine, brain, cancer, skin, and immune diseases. Advantages and limitations of retinoid formulations, as well as prospects to push the field forward, will be presented.
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Grants
- MC_U137973817 Medical Research Council
- MR/N000838/1 Medical Research Council
- The authors would like to thank Andreia Vilaça for the illustrations and the financial support of ERA Chair project (ERA@UC, ref:669088) through EU Horizon 2020 program, the POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016390 (acronym: CANCEL STEM) and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029414 (acronym: LIghtBRARY) projects through Compete 2020 and FCT programs, projects 2IQBIONEURO (reference: 0624_2IQBIONEURO_6_E) and NEUROATLANTIC (reference: EAPA_791/2018) co-funded by INTERREG (Atlantic program or V-A Spain-Portugal) and European fund for Regional Development (FEDER), FCT (Portugal, SFRH/BPD/102103/2014), National Funds by Foundation for Science and Technology (UID/Multi/00709/2013), “Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020” through the funding of the ICON project (Interdisciplinary Challenges On Neurodegeneration; CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000013), EXPL/BIM-MED/0822/2013 (LB), (SFRH/BPD/94228/2013, IF/00178/2015) (RF), Cerebrovascular Disease Grant and L’Oréal-UNESCO Portugal for Women in Science for supporting this work. Authors declare there are no conflict of interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ferreira
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Joseph Napoli
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, 231 Morgan Hall, MC#3104, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Tariq Enver
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Lino Ferreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Sarma H, Jahan T, Sharma HK. Progress in Drug and Formulation Development for the Chemoprevention of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:16-36. [PMID: 30806332 DOI: 10.2174/1872211313666190222182824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a life-threatening global problem with high incidence rates. Prioritizing the prevention of cancer, chemopreventive agents have drawn much attention from the researchers. OBJECTIVE This review focuses on the discussion of the progress in the development of chemopreventive agents and formulations related to the prevention of oral cancer. METHODS In this perspective, an extensive literature survey was carried out to understand the mechanism, control and chemoprevention of oral cancer. Different patented agents and formulations have also exhibited cancer preventive efficacy in experimental studies. This review summarizes the etiology of oral cancer and developments in prevention strategies. RESULTS The growth of oral cancer is a multistep activity necessitating the accumulation of genetic as well as epigenetic alterations in key regulatory genes. Many risk factors are associated with oral cancer. Genomic technique for sequencing all tumor specimens has been made available to help detect mutations. The recent development of molecular pathway and genetic tools has made the process of diagnosis easier, better forecast and efficient therapeutic management. Different chemical agents have been studied for their efficacy to prevent oral cancer and some of them have shown promising results. CONCLUSION Use of chemopreventive agents, either synthetic or natural origin, to prevent carcinogenesis is a worthy concept in the management of cancers. Preventive measures are helpful in controlling the occurrence or severity of the disease. The demonstrated results of preventive agents have opened an arena for the development of promising chemopreventive agents in the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Sarma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Taslima Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Hemanta K Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
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Castleberry SA, Quadir MA, Sharkh MA, Shopsowitz KE, Hammond PT. Polymer conjugated retinoids for controlled transdermal delivery. J Control Release 2017; 262:1-9. [PMID: 28690160 PMCID: PMC5641977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of vitamin A, is a common component in cosmetics and commercial acne creams as well as being a first-line chemotherapeutic agent. Today, formulations for the topical application of ATRA rely on creams and emulsions to incorporate the highly hydrophobic ATRA drug. These strategies, when applied to the skin, deliver ATRA as a single bolus, which is immediately taken up into the skin and contributes to many of the known adverse side effects of ATRA treatment, including skin irritation and hair loss. Herein we present a new concept in topical delivery of retinoids by covalently bonding the drug through a hydrolytically degradable ester linkage to a common hydrophilic polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), creating an amphiphilic nanomaterial that is water-soluble. This PVA bound ATRA can then act as a pro-drug and accumulate within the skin to allow for the sustained controlled delivery of active ATRA. This approach was demonstrated to release active ATRA out to 10days in vitro while significantly enhancing dermal accumulation of the ATRA in explant pig skin. In vivo we demonstrate that the pro-drug formulation reduces application site inflammation compared to free ATRA and retains the drug at the application site at measurable quantities for up to six days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Castleberry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Mohiuddin A Quadir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Malak Abu Sharkh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Kevin E Shopsowitz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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Enhanced expression of tumour suppressor RAR-β by DSPC nano-formulated lipo-ATRA in the lung of B16F10 cell-implanted C57BL6 mice and in A549 cells. Life Sci 2017; 184:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Desai KGH. Polymeric drug delivery systems for intraoral site-specific chemoprevention of oral cancer. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28650116 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in the world. Moreover, it is one of the major health problems and causes of death in many regions of the world. The traditional treatment modalities include surgical removal, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods. In recent decades, there has been significant interest in intraoral site-specific chemoprevention via local drug delivery using polymeric systems. Because of its easy accessibility and clear visibility, the oral mucosa is amenable for local drug delivery. A variety of polymeric systems-such as gels, tablets, films, patches, injectable systems (e.g., millicylindrical implants, microparticles, and in situ-forming depots), and nanosized carriers (e.g., polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, polymer-drug conjugates, polymeric micelles, nanoliposomes, nanoemulsions, and polymersomes)-have been developed and evaluated for the local delivery of natural and synthetic chemopreventive agents. The findings of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies and the positive outcome of clinical trials demonstrate that intraoral site-specific drug delivery is an attractive, highly effective and patient-friendly strategy for the management of oral cancer. Intraoral site-specific drug delivery provides unique therapeutic advantages when compared to systemic chemotherapy. Moreover, intraoral drug delivery systems are self-administrable and can be removed when needed, increasing patient compliance. This article covers important aspects and advances related to the design, development, and efficacy of polymeric systems for intraoral site-specific drug delivery. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1383-1413, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashappa Goud H Desai
- Biopharmaceutical Product Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, 19406
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Singh RS, Kaur N, Kennedy JF. Pullulan and pullulan derivatives as promising biomolecules for drug and gene targeting. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 123:190-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li Z, Han X, Zhai Y, Lian H, Zhang D, Zhang W, Wang Y, He Z, Liu Z, Sun J. Critical determinant of intestinal permeability and oral bioavailability of pegylated all trans -retinoic acid prodrug-based nanomicelles: Chain length of poly (ethylene glycol) corona. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:133-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Comparative study of various delivery methods for the supply of alpha-ketoglutarate to the neural cells for tissue engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:294679. [PMID: 23878803 PMCID: PMC3708389 DOI: 10.1155/2013/294679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of growth factors or bioactive molecules plays an important role in tissue engineering, as the duration to which these are supplied can modulate the cell fate. Thus, the delivery method plays an important role, and the same is presented in this work wherein the exogenous supply of alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) gave better results for fast proliferating cells as compared to delivery by microspheres or microspheres incorporated scaffolds which can be used while culturing slow growing cells. All these studies were performed in two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) setups in which chitosan-gelatin-polypyrrole has been used as 3-D scaffolds. Chitosan and gelatin microspheres alone as well as incorporated in the cryogels were characterized. MTT assay done using neuro-2a cell line showed approximately 42% and 70% increment in cellular proliferation when gelatin and chitosan microspheres were added in a 3-D setup, respectively, as compared to the control. Biochemical analysis of ammonia showed 6-fold reductions in ammonia level in a 3-D setup compared to the control. We also studied the synthesis of a neurotransmitter-like glutamate and found that its concentration increased up to 0.25 mg/ml when the microspheres were added exogenously in a 3-D system.
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Jeong YI, Chung KD, Kim DH, Kim YH, Lee YS, Choi KC. All-trans retinoic acid-incorporated nanoparticles of deoxycholic acid-conjugated dextran for treatment of CT26 colorectal carcinoma cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:485-93. [PMID: 23390366 PMCID: PMC3564475 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s40580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE All-trans retinoic acid (RA)-incorporated nanoparticles were prepared using deoxycholic acid-conjugated dextran (DexDA). Anticancer activity of RA-incorporated DexDA nanoparticles were tested in vitro and in vivo. METHODS RA-incorporated nanoparticles were prepared by dialysis. Antiproliferative and anti-invasive potential of RA-incorporated nanoparticles were studied using CT26 colorectal carcinoma cells. RESULTS RA-incorporated nanoparticles have small particle sizes of around 70-300 nm and spherical shapes. The higher drug-feeding ratio and higher substitution degree of deoxycholic acid in the conjugates resulted in higher drug contents, lower loading efficiency, and larger particle size. RA release rate became slower at higher drug contents and higher substitution degree of deoxycholic acid in the DexDA conjugates. The antiproliferation activity, anti-invasive activity, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression of RA-incorporated nanoparticles against CT26 cells in vitro was similar to RA. However, RA-incorporated nanoparticles had superior antimetastatic activity in an animal pulmonary metastatic model of CT26 cells compared to RA itself. CONCLUSION RA-incorporated nanoparticles showed similar anticancer activity in vitro and superior antimetastatic activity in vivo in a pulmonary metastatic model of CT26 cells. We suggest that RA-incorporated nanoparticles are promising vehicles for efficient delivery of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Il Jeong
- Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Kyu Don Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Grassland and Forage Research Center, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Yoon Hyuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ki Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forage Research Center, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
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12
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Chen X, Zhuo J, Jiao C. Thermal degradation characteristics of flame retardant polylactide using TG-IR. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Shen T, Lu M, Zhou D, Liang L. Effect of reactive blocked polyisocyanate on the properties of solvent cast blends from poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol). J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Tiwari MD, Mehra S, Jadhav S, Bellare JR. All-trans retinoic acid loaded block copolymer nanoparticles efficiently induce cellular differentiation in HL-60 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 44:643-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Chung KD, Jeong YI, Chung CW, Kim DH, Kang DH. Anti-tumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid-incorporated glycol chitosan nanoparticles against HuCC-T1 human cholangiocarcinoma cells. Int J Pharm 2011; 422:454-61. [PMID: 22093956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate antitumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-incorporated glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were prepared by electrostatic interaction between RA and amine group of GC. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles have spherical shape and their particle size was 317 ± 34.5 nm. They were simply reconstituted into aqueous solution without changes of intrinsic properties. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were evidently inhibited the proliferation of HuCC-T1 cholangiocarcinoma cells at higher than 20 μg/ml of RA concentration while empty GC vegicles did not affect to the viablity of tumor cells. Apoptosis and necrosis analysis of tumor cells with treatment of RA or RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles also supported these results. Invasion test using Matrigel also showed that invasion of tumor cells was significantly inhibited at higher than 20 μg/ml of RA concentration. Wound healing assay also showed that RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were inhibited migration of tumor cells as similar to RA itself. Our results suggested that RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles is a promising vehicles for RA delivery to HuCC-T1 cholangiocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Don Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
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Performance of biodegradable microcapsules of poly(butylene succinate), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) and poly(butylene terephthalate-co-adipate) as drug encapsulation systems. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 84:498-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Maia J, Santos T, Aday S, Agasse F, Cortes L, Malva JO, Bernardino L, Ferreira L. Controlling the neuronal differentiation of stem cells by the intracellular delivery of retinoic acid-loaded nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2011; 5:97-106. [PMID: 21171566 DOI: 10.1021/nn101724r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of endogenous stem cell populations from the subventricular zone (SVZ), a neurogenic niche, creates an opportunity to induce neurogenesis and influence brain regenerative capacities in the adult brain. Herein, we demonstrate the ability of polyelectrolyte nanoparticles to induce neurogenesis exclusively after being internalized by SVZ stem cells. The nanoparticles are not cytotoxic for concentrations equal or below 10 μg/mL. The internalization process is rapid, and nanoparticles escape endosomal fate in a few hours. Retinoic acid-loaded nanoparticles increase the number of neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN)-positive neurons and functional neurons responding to depolarization with KCl and expressing NMDA receptor subunit type 1 (NR1). These nanoparticles offer an opportunity for in vivo delivery of proneurogenic factors and neurodegenerative disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Maia
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Coimbra, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Labouta HI, El-Khordagui LK. Polymethacrylate Microparticles Gel for Topical Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2010; 27:2106-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Park IK, Tran TH, Oh IH, Kim YJ, Cho KJ, Huh KM, Lee YK. Ternary biomolecular nanoparticles for targeting of cancer cells and anti-angiogenesis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 41:148-55. [PMID: 20542111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To develop a targeted drug delivery system for cancer therapy and anti-angiogenesis, amphiphilic heparin bioconjugates were synthesized by chemical conjugation of hydrophobic retinoic acid and a targeting ligand, folic acid, to the heparin backbone (HFR). The chemical structure of the HFR conjugates was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR). Various HFR conjugates with different retinoic acid coupling ratios were obtained by modulating the retinoic acid feed molar ratio. The anticoagulant activity of the HFR conjugates decreased to 30% of heparin levels as measured by anti-FXa chromogenic assay. The bioconjugates retained the anti-angiogenic effect, showing a significant decrease in endothelial tubular formation using a Matrigel model. In aqueous solutions, the bioconjugates readily self-assembled to form nanoparticles via the hydrophobic interaction among retinoic acid. The HFR nanoparticles were spherical and ranged from 150 to 300 nm, depending on the degree of retinoic acid coupling. The presence of folic acid efficiently enhanced the cellular uptake of the HFR nanoparticles in folate receptor-positive cells. Furthermore, the internalized HFR nanoparticles demonstrated greater cytotoxicity against folate receptor-positive cells compared to free retinoic acid. These results indicate that specific delivery of retinoic acid with ternary biomolecular nanoparticles targeting folate receptor-positive tumors is a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapy efficacy with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Kyu Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biological Engineering, Chungnam National University, 220, Gung-dong, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Synergistic effect between a novel hyperbranched charring agent and ammonium polyphosphate on the flame retardant and anti-dripping properties of polylactide. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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A novel biodegradable multiblock poly(ester urethane) containing poly(l-lactic acid) and poly(butylene succinate) blocks. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Jeong YI, Kim DG, Jang MK, Nah JW, Kim YB. All-trans retinoic acid release from surfactant-free nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide). Macromol Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cirpanli Y, Unlü N, Caliş S, Hincal AA. Formulation andin-vitrocharacterization of retinoic acid loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. J Microencapsul 2008; 22:877-89. [PMID: 16423759 DOI: 10.1080/02652040500273878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres containing all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) were prepared by emulsion/solvent evaporation technique. PLGA (50:50) with inherent viscosities of 0.17 and 0.39 dL g(-1) was used. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or PVA and sodium oleate (SO) combinations (4:1) were used to stabilize the emulsions. The effect of polymer viscosity, emulsifier type and concentration on the in vitro release of atRA from the microspheres was investigated. The stability of the microparticles was also tested at the temperatures of 4, 25 and 40 degrees C. The particle size ranged between 1-2 microm. Microspheres were smooth and spherical in shape, as determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs. The yield of microspheres ranged from 50-75% and the encapsulation efficiency was determined between 45-75%. In vitro release studies showed that atRA release from microspheres lasted for 11 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Cirpanli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Puebla P, Pastoriza P, Barcia E, Fernández-Carballido A. PEG-derivative effectively modifies the characteristics of indomethacin-PLGA microspheres destined to intra-articular administration. J Microencapsul 2008; 22:793-808. [PMID: 16421089 DOI: 10.1080/02652040500273902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain biodegradable indomethacin microspheres for intra-articular administration in rheumatoid arthritis, where angiogenic processes are involved. Indomethacin concentrations to achieve an anti-angiogenic effect would be five-times higher than an anti-inflammatory. Microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation using PLGA. Indomethacin is a poor water-soluble drug with it being possible that dissolved and non-dissolved drug co-exist within the polymeric matrix resulting in rapid release. To control this release, an oil-PEG-derivative was incorporated, producing changes in morphology, crystallinity and indomethacin release. To minimize the amount of microspheres administered, a two-factor five-level central rotable composite 2(2)+star design was employed with two independent variables: indomethacin percentage and PEG-derivative percentage. The optimum formulation showed mean encapsulation efficiency of 94.3+/-2.2% and released 7.99+/-0.25 microg indomethacin/day/mg microspheres for 21 days. A dose of 20-50 mg of this formulation could be appropriate to achieve both anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Preliminary cytotoxicity studies performed in rat splenocytes showed an adequate cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Puebla
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Park JS, Koh YS, Bang JY, Jeong YI, Lee JJ. Antitumor Effect of All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Encapsulated Nanoparticles of Methoxy Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Conjugated Chitosan Against CT-26 Colon Carcinoma In Vitro. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:4011-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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PLGA/PEG-derivative polymeric matrix for drug delivery system applications: Characterization and cell viability studies. Int J Pharm 2007; 352:50-7. [PMID: 18036755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of additives such as polyoxyethylated oleic acid glycerides (PEG-derivative) can modify the release of drugs from microparticles. PEG-derivative decreases the release rate of drugs that are dissolved in PLGA matrices but if un-dissolved the initial release rate slightly increases. To clarify this behaviour the influence of adding PEG-derivative in the preparation of microspheres was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity of this resulting PLGA/PEG-derivative matrix was evaluated in cell lines (fibroblasts) which are more reproducible but less specific and in primary cell cultures (splenocytes and human leucocytes) which have the advantage of their specificity. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that PLGA/PEG-derivative microspheres exhibited small surface concavities with a highly porous polymeric matrix. The incorporation of PEG-derivative caused a slight reduction in the T(g) values of PLGA. In vitro degradation studies showed that PEG-derivative remains within the microspheres as long as the matrix does. This PLGA/PEG-derivative matrix was well tolerated exhibiting cell viabilities similar to PLGA microspheres and can be used to modulate the release of drugs from microparticulate systems destined for parenteral administration.
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27
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Martínez-Sancho C, Herrero-Vanrell R, Negro S. Vitamin A palmitate and aciclovir biodegradable microspheres for intraocular sustained release. Int J Pharm 2006; 326:100-6. [PMID: 16945492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain a prolonged release of Vitamin A palmitate (RAP) and aciclovir from biodegradable microspheres for intraocular administration with an antiviral action and to be capable of preventing the inherent risks of intravitreal administration. The RAP effect on the microsphere characteristics was also studied. Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Different quantities of aciclovir (40-80 mg) and RAP (10-80 mg) were added to the internal phase of the emulsion. Microspheres were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed a spherical surface and a porous structure, and granulometric analysis that showed an adequate particle size for intraocular administration. The aciclovir loading efficiency increased when Vitamin A palmitate was added. Differential scanning calorimetry detected no differences in the polymer glass transition temperature and the aciclovir melting endotherm in all formulations. The release of aciclovir during the first days of the in vitro assay was improved with respect to microspheres without RAP. The microspheres showed a constant release of aciclovir and RAP for 49 days. Best results were obtained for microspheres prepared with 40 mg aciclovir, 80 mg RAP and 400mg polymer. A dose of 4.74 mg of microspheres would be therapeutic for the herpes simplex and Epstein-Barr viruses' treatment in an animal model and would reduce the intravitreal adverse effects. The injectability of a suspension of microspheres in isotonic saline solution resulted appropriate for its injection through a 27 G needle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martínez-Sancho
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Jeong YI, Kim SH, Jung TY, Kim IY, Kang SS, Jin YH, Ryu HH, Sun HS, Jin S, Kim KK, Ahn KY, Jung S. Polyion Complex Micelles Composed of All-TranS Retinoic Acid and Poly (Ethylene Glycol)-Grafted-Chitosan. J Pharm Sci 2006; 95:2348-60. [PMID: 16886178 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop novel types of polyion complex micelles for the drug delivery to brain tumor. Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-grafted chitosan (CP) was synthesized in order to make polymeric micelles encapsulating all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) based on polyion complex formation. Polyion complex micelles were found to have spherical shapes with sizes of about 50 approximately 200 nm. The loading efficiency of micelle was higher than 80% (w/w) for all formulations. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra confirmed the formation of polymeric micelles. The CP graft copolymer and ATRA have distinguishing peaks in their 1H NMR spectra. The specific peaks of ATRA disappeared in D2O or DMSO while it appeared at mixtures of D2O/DMSO, indicating that ATRA and chitosan formed ion complex inner-core. In the cell cytotoxicity study using U87MG cells in vitro, polyion complex micelles showed similar cytotoxicity to that of free ATRA. A migration test was performed to investigate the inhibition of tumor cell invasion in vitro. The results suggested that the polyion complex micelles was more effective at inhibiting tumor cell migration than free ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Jeong
- Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, The Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Republic of Korea
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29
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All-trans retinoic acid-associated low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles based on ion complex. Macromol Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03219070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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30
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Abstract
With advances in biotechnology, genomics, and combinatorial chemistry, a wide variety of new, more potent and specific therapeutics are being created. Because of common problems such as low solubility, high potency, and/or poor stability of many of these new drugs, the means of drug delivery can impact efficacy and potential for commercialization as much as the nature of the drug itself. Thus, there is a corresponding need for safer and more effective methods and devices for drug delivery. Indeed, drug delivery systems—designed to provide a therapeutic agent in the needed amount, at the right time, to the proper location in the body, in a manner that optimizes efficacy, increases compliance and minimizes side effects—were responsible for $47 billion in sales in 2002, and the drug delivery market is expected to grow to $67 billion by 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX ,University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX ,Rice University, Houston, TX ,University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX ,Texas Alliance for NanoHealth, Houston, TX
| | - Abraham P. Lee
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine
| | - L. James Lee
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, USA
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31
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Park K, Yang JH, Choi Y, Lee C, Kim SY, Byun Y. Chemoprevention of 4-NQO-induced oral carcinogenesis by co-administration of all-trans retinoic acid loaded microspheres and celecoxib. J Control Release 2005; 104:167-79. [PMID: 15866343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is one of the most potential chemopreventive agents for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the induced metabolism of atRA by cytochrome P450s in the liver limits its clinical applications. To overcome such limitation, we had developed atRA-loaded microspheres designed to release atRA for a long period. Unfortunately, the atRA-loaded microspheres severely induced inflammatory responses: that is, atRA released from the microspheres significantly induced the proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen deposition, thereby causing a permeability barrier for drugs from entering the blood stream. In the present study, the effects of celecoxib as an anti-inflammatory drug are investigated when it is concurrently used with atRA-loaded microspheres to treat 4-NQO-induced oral carcinogenesis. We investigated if it might influence the plasma concentration of atRA and its metabolism by preventing the fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition, reduce the toxicity level of atRA, and improve the chemopreventive efficacy of atRA-loaded microspheres. The concurrently administered celecoxib prevented inflammatory responses and suppressed the number of fibroblasts and collagen deposition in the fibrous capsules for 14 days. The atRA concentration in plasma was also increased and the metabolism of atRA was significantly decreased within 2 weeks. In the 4-NQO-induced oral carcinogenesis study, the incidence of invasive SCC was above 44% when F344 rats were treated with atRA-loaded microspheres. However, the treatment using atRA-loaded microspheres and celecoxib concurrently could reduce the incidence of invasive SCC up to 28%, and three of 25 rats were found to have no tongue lesions. In conclusion, the concurrent use of celecoxib could maintain the atRA concentration in plasma at a higher level while reducing its metabolism by preventing inflammatory responses, thereby improving their chemopreventive effects against 4-NQO-induced oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongsoon Park
- Center for Cell and Macromolecular Therapy, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Puk-ku, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
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32
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Abstract
Controlled release drug delivery employs drug-encapsulating devices from which therapeutic agents may be released at controlled rates for long periods of time, ranging from days to months. Such systems offer numerous advantages over traditional methods of drug delivery, including tailoring of drug release rates, protection of fragile drugs and increased patient comfort and compliance. Polymeric microspheres are ideal vehicles for many controlled delivery applications due to their ability to encapsulate a variety of drugs, biocompatibility, high bioavailability and sustained drug release characteristics. Research discussed in this review is focused on improving large-scale manufacturing, maintaining drug stability and enhancing control of drug release rates. This paper describes methods of microparticle fabrication and the major factors controlling the release rates of encapsulated drugs. Furthermore, recent advances in the use of polymer microsphere-based systems for delivery of single-shot vaccines, plasmid DNA and therapeutic proteins are discussed, as well as some future directions of microsphere research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh K Varde
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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33
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Jung SW, Jeong YI, Kim YH, Kim SH. Self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles of poly(ethylene glycol) grafted pullulan acetate as a novel drug carrier. Arch Pharm Res 2004; 27:562-9. [PMID: 15202564 DOI: 10.1007/bf02980132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling nanospheres of hydrophobized pullulan have been developed. Pullulan acetate (PA), as hydrophobized pullulan, was synthesized by acetylation. Carboxymethylated poly(ethylene-glycol) (CMPEG) was introduced into pullulan acetate (PA) through a coupling reaction using N,N'-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC). A synthesized PA-PEG-PA (abbreviated as PEP) conjugate was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Since PEP conjugates have amphiphilic characteristics in aqueous solution, polymeric nanoparticles of PEP conjugates were prepared using a simple dialysis method in water. From the analysis of fluorescence excitation spectra primarily, the critical association concentration (CAC) of this conjugate was found to be 0.0063 g/L. Observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the spherical morphologies of the PEP nanoparticles. The particle size distribution of the PEP conjugates was determined using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and the intensity-average particle size was 193.3 +/- 13.53 nm with a unimodal distribution. Clonazepam (CNZ), as a model drug, was easy to entrap into polymeric nanoparticles of the PEP conjugates. The drug release behavior was mainly diffusion controlled from the core portion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woong Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, #375 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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34
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Park K, Choi Y, Kim SY, Byun Y. Augmentation of all-trans-retinoic acid concentration in plasma by preventing inflammation responses induced by atRA-loaded microspheres with concurrent treatment of dexamethasone. Drug Dev Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Choi Y, Kim SY, Kim SH, Yang J, Park K, Byun Y. Inhibition of tumor growth by biodegradable microspheres containing all-trans-retinoic acid in a human head-and-neck cancer xenograft. Int J Cancer 2003; 107:145-8. [PMID: 12925970 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Retinoids play essential roles in the regulation of cell differentiation and in the proliferation of various epithelial tissues, and atRA is one such active metabolite of retinoids. However, despite the known functions of atRA, its clinical applications are limited due to the induced metabolism by the specific cytochrome P-450s in the liver. To overcome the limitation, parenteral administration of atRA-loaded biodegradable microspheres, the PDLLA/PLE microspheres containing atRA, was suggested previously. We evaluated chemotherapeutic efficacy of atRA-loaded microspheres in a human head-and-neck xenograft/nude mouse model. When atRA-loaded microspheres were administered s.c. at 200 mg/kg body weight to athymic nude mice, plasma concentration of atRA could be maintained in a range of 1.2 to 3.7 x 10(-8) M for 4 weeks. As a result, the tumor volume of human head-and-neck cancer was reduced compared to the control group by 51.3% (p < 0.01) at 14 days and by 49.2% (p < 0.05) at 28 days.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/blood
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/prevention & control
- Drug Carriers
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Female
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Humans
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microspheres
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Survival Rate
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tretinoin/administration & dosage
- Tretinoin/blood
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdoo Choi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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36
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Choi Y, Lee C, Park K, Kim SY, Kim SH, Han S, Kim SH, Byun Y. Subacute toxicity of all-trans-retinoic acid loaded biodegradable microspheres in rats. Drug Dev Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Choi Y, Kim SY, Kim SH, Park TG, Moon HT, Byun Y. In vivo biocompatibility studies of poly(D,L-lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide) microspheres containing all-trans-retinoic acid. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2003; 13:301-22. [PMID: 12102596 DOI: 10.1163/156856202320176547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatibility studies of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA)-loaded microspheres were carried out after they were subcutaneously injected into rats. To characterize the inflammatory response to these microspheres, tissue reactions at the implantation site and cell types in the interstices of the microspheres were evaluated for 180 days. On the 15th day, the cross-sectional area of the fibrous capsules surrounding the implantation site of the RA-loaded microspheres was four times larger than that of the control microspheres. The size of the fibrous capsules surrounding the implantation site of the RA-loaded microspheres decreased significantly over a period of 75 days, while the size of the fibrous capsules surrounding the implantation site of the control microspheres remained almost constant throughout the entire course of 180 days. The tissue response to the RA-loaded microspheres was more intensified by the increased extensive cellular infiltration of macrophages, granulation tissue, and fibrosis than that to the control microspheres. The difference in the inflammatory response between the RA-loaded microspheres and the control microspheres was significant for 75 days after implantation. It was suggested that the released RA from the microspheres stimulated inflammatory responses. However, no further enhanced inflammation reactions were detected after RA had been completely released from the microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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Na K, Bum Lee T, Park KH, Shin EK, Lee YB, Choi HK. Self-assembled nanoparticles of hydrophobically-modified polysaccharide bearing vitamin H as a targeted anti-cancer drug delivery system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2003; 18:165-73. [PMID: 12594010 DOI: 10.1016/s0928-0987(02)00257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin H (biotin) was incorporated into a hydrophobically modified polysaccharide, pullulan acetate (PA), in order to improve the cancer-targeting activity and internalization of self-assembled nanoparticles. The biotinylated pullulan acetate (BPA) nanoparticles were prepared by a diafiltration method and the mean diameter was approximately 100 nm. Three samples of biotinylated pullulan acetate (BPA), comprising 7 (BPA 1), 20 (BPA 2), and 39 (BPA 3) vitamin H groups per 100 anhydroglucose units of PA, were synthesized. The critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) of the BPA nanoparticles in distilled water were 3.1 x 10(-3), 4.3 x 10(-3) and 6.8 x 10(-3) mg/ml for BPA 1, BPA 2, and BPA 3, respectively. Adriamycin (ADR) was loaded into the BPA nanoparticles as a model drug. The loading efficiencies and ADR content in the BPA nanoparticles decreased with increasing vitamin H content due to a lower hydrophobicity. The RITC-labeled BPA nanoparticles exhibited very strong adsorption to the HepG2 cells, while the RITC-labeled PA nanoparticles did not show any significant interaction. The degree of the interaction increased with increasing vitamin H content. Confocal laser microscopy also revealed that internalization of the BPA nanoparticles into the cancer cells depended on the vitamin H content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
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39
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Choi Y, Lee C, Kim SY, Kim SH, Moon HT, Park TG, Byun Y. Acute toxicity of all-trans-retinoic acid loaded poly(L-lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide) microspheres in mice. Drug Dev Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.10121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of cancer brought out new materials such as oligonucleotides, genes, peptides and proteins as a source of new anticancer agents. Due to their macromolecular properties, however, new strategies of delivery for them are required to achieve their full therapeutic efficacy in clinical setting. Development of improved dosage forms of currently marketed anticancer drugs can also enhance their therapeutic values. Currently developed delivery systems for anticancer agents include colloidal systems (liposomes, emulsions, nanoparticles and micelles), polymer implants and polymer conjugates. These delivery systems have been able to provide enhanced therapeutic activity and reduced toxicity of anticancer agents mainly by altering their pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Furthermore, the identification of cell-specific receptor/antigens on cancer cells have brought the development of ligand- or antibody-bearing delivery systems which can be targeted to cancer cells by specific binding to receptors or antigens. They have exhibited specific and selective delivery of anticancer agents to cancer. As a consequence of extensive research, clinical development of anticancer agents utilizing various delivery systems is undergoing worldwide. New technologies and multidisciplinary expertise to develop advanced drug delivery systems, applicable to a wide range of anticancer agents, may eventually lead to an effective cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Kook Kim
- National Research Lab for Drug and Gene Delivery, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, Korea.
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