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Jung E, Kong SY, Ro YS, Ryu HH, Shin SD. Serum Cholesterol Levels and Risk of Cardiovascular Death: A Systematic Review and a Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148272. [PMID: 35886124 PMCID: PMC9316578 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal levels of cholesterol are associated with a high attributable risk for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there has been no comprehensive study to investigate the relationship between serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search of key databases, including EMBASE and MEDLINE, was conducted and included all the published epidemiological studies that contained estimates of the hazard ratios (HR) of serum cholesterol of CVD mortality. Data extraction, eligibility, and assessment of the risk of bias were assessed by two reviewers independently. All published risk estimates were hazard ratios and analyzed by quantitative meta-analysis using a random-effects model and dose-response relationships of serum cholesterol with CVD mortality. Results: A total of 14 independent reports, including 1,055,309 subjects and 9457 events, were analyzed. The pooled HR (95% CI) was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.19–1.36) for total cholesterol, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.09–1.35) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and 0.60 (95% CI, 0.50–0.72) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). We observed a linear association between serum cholesterol (TC, HDL-C) levels and CVD mortality in this meta-analysis. Conclusions: Serum total cholesterol and LDL-C level is associated with increased CVD mortality, but HDL-C level is inversely associated with CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eujene Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | | | - Young Sun Ro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyun Ho Ryu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Sang Do Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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2
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Abstract
The search for subclinical atherosclerosis is carried out in several arterial districts using ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT). Coronary calcium assessed by computerized tomography (calcium score) is a well-validated marker of atherosclerosis and able to correlate with the extent of coronary artery disease and the risk of cardiovascular events. The evaluation of carotid atherosclerosis by ultrasonography is a technically simple and low-cost solution. However, the literature does not provide a sufficient number of evidence to clarify the clinical impact of carotid atherosclerosis and in particular the risk of developing cardiac events. According to the researchers of the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study, subclinical atherosclerosis research should preferably be carried out in the femoral district, which is more easily affected by atherosclerosis. Pending the data from the PESA study, which will better clarify the role of ultrasound applied in non-coronary districts, the coronary calcifications seems to be a reasonable solution. It is possible that in the future imaging techniques (CT-PET) capable of studying the extent and functional status of coronary atherosclerosis will further improve the identification of the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prati
- Dipartimento Cardiovascolare, Ospedale San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy.,Centro per la Lotta contro l'Infarto-CLI Foundation, Rome, Italy.,UniCamillus-Università Medica Internazionale San Camillo di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Giuseppe Biccirè
- Dipartimento Cardiovascolare, Ospedale San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy.,Centro per la Lotta contro l'Infarto-CLI Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Budassi
- Dipartimento Cardiovascolare, Ospedale San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy.,Centro per la Lotta contro l'Infarto-CLI Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Bailly M, Thibault F, Courtehoux M, Metrard G, Angoulvant D, Ribeiro MJ. Myocardial Flow Reserve Measurement During CZT-SPECT Perfusion Imaging for Coronary Artery Disease Screening: Correlation With Clinical Findings and Invasive Coronary Angiography-The CFR-OR Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:691893. [PMID: 34150820 PMCID: PMC8212953 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.691893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the results of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT)- single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial flow reserve (MFR) in coronary artery disease (CAD) screening regarding clinical risk and its correlation to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Methods: A total of 137 patients (61 male and 76 female) referred for CAD screening myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) between November 2018 and April 2020 were included in the CFR-OR prospective trial. The 10-year risk of cardiovascular death according to the European Society of Cardiology (SCORE) was calculated. SPECT 1-day 99mTc-tetrofosmin protocol was acquired on CZT cardiac-dedicated pinhole cameras. Low-dose thoracic CT was used for coronary calcium score (CCS) evaluation. ICA, when performed within 3 months, was also analyzed. Results: Mean SCORE and mean global MFR were, respectively, 4 ± 3.1% and 2.50 ± 0.74; 34 patients had impaired CFR (using a threshold of 2). There was a significant inverse correlation between MFR and SCORE (p = 0.006), gender (p = 0.019), and number of cardiovascular risk factors (p = 0.01). MFR was significantly reduced in patients with CCS above 1 (p = 0.01). No significant correlation was found between MFR and individual cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, or family history of CAD). A total of 23 patients underwent ICA. Global MFR SPECT sensitivity and specificity were 83.3 and 100 %, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.94. Conclusion: Adding MFR to SPECT MPI for CAD screening on CZT camera may contribute to high-risk patient identification and enhance diagnostic performances. MFR could help physician decision to perform ICA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gilles Metrard
- Nuclear Medicine Department, CHR ORLEANS, Orleans, France
| | - Denis Angoulvant
- Cardiology Department, CHRU TOURS, Tours, France
- EA4245 T2i, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Maria Joao Ribeiro
- Nuclear Medicine Department, CHRU TOURS, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
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Ravnskov U, Alabdulgader A, de Lorgeril M, Diamond DM, Hama R, Hamazaki T, Hammarskjöld B, Harcombe Z, Kendrick M, Langsjoen P, McCully KS, Okuyama H, Sultan S, Sundberg R. The new European guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular disease are misleading. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 13:1289-1294. [PMID: 33416003 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1841635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The European Society of Cardiology and European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS) have recently published three major revisions of their guidelines for the management of chronic heart disease, blood lipids, and diabetes. Areas covered: We have scrutinized these guidelines in detail and found that the authors have ignored many studies that are in conflict with their conclusions and recommendations. Expert commentary: The authors of the guidelines have ignored that LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) of patients with acute myocardial infarction is lower than normal; that high cholesterol is not a risk factor for diabetics; that the degree of coronary artery calcification is not associated with LDL-C; and that 27 follow-up studies have shown that people with high total cholesterol or LDL-C live just as long or longer than people with low cholesterol. They have also ignored the lack of exposure-response in the statin trials; that several of these trials have been unable to lower CVD or total mortality; that no statin trial has succeeded with lowering mortality in women, elderly people, or diabetics; and that cholesterol-lowering with statins has been associated with many serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michel de Lorgeril
- Laboratoire Coeur et Nutrition, TIMC-CNRS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Faculté de Médecine , La Tronche, France
| | - David M Diamond
- Departments of Psychology, Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, PCD 4118G, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rokuro Hama
- Japan Institute of Pharmacovigilance, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hamazaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Jonan Onsen Daini Hospital, University of Toyama , Toyama City, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kilmer S McCully
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harumi Okuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagoya City University, 1-89 Kaminokura , Midoriku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sherif Sultan
- Department of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, National University of Ireland , Galway, Ireland
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5
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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:361-379. [PMID: 32494054 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammation has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. RA is an inflammatory joint disease and, compared with the general population, patients with RA have approximately double the risk of atherosclerotic CVD, stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Although this high risk of CVD has been known for decades, patients with RA receive poorer primary and secondary CVD preventive care than other high-risk patients, and an unmet need exists for improved CVD preventive measures for patients with RA. This Review summarizes the evidence for atherosclerotic CVD in patients with RA and provides a contemporary analysis of what is known and what needs to be further clarified about recommendations for CVD prevention in patients with RA compared with the general population. The management of traditional CVD risk factors, including blood pressure, lipids, diabetes mellitus and lifestyle-related risk factors, as well as the effects of inflammation and the use of antirheumatic medication on CVD risk and risk management in patients with RA are discussed. The main aim is to provide a roadmap of atherosclerotic CVD risk management and prevention for patients with RA.
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Ravnskov U, de Lorgeril M, Diamond DM, Hama R, Hamazaki T, Hammarskjöld B, Hynes N, Kendrick M, Langsjoen PH, Mascitelli L, McCully KS, Okuyama H, Rosch PJ, Schersten T, Sultan S, Sundberg R. LDL-C does not cause cardiovascular disease: a comprehensive review of the current literature. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018; 11:959-970. [PMID: 30198808 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1519391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For half a century, a high level of total cholesterol (TC) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been considered to be the major cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and statin treatment has been widely promoted for cardiovascular prevention. However, there is an increasing understanding that the mechanisms are more complicated and that statin treatment, in particular when used as primary prevention, is of doubtful benefit. Areas covered: The authors of three large reviews recently published by statin advocates have attempted to validate the current dogma. This article delineates the serious errors in these three reviews as well as other obvious falsifications of the cholesterol hypothesis. Expert commentary: Our search for falsifications of the cholesterol hypothesis confirms that it is unable to satisfy any of the Bradford Hill criteria for causality and that the conclusions of the authors of the three reviews are based on misleading statistics, exclusion of unsuccessful trials and by ignoring numerous contradictory observations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel de Lorgeril
- b Laboratoire Coeur et Nutrition, TIMC-IMAG, School of Medicine , University of Grenoble-Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - David M Diamond
- c Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research on PTSD , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.,d Department of Psychology, Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research on PTSD , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Rokuro Hama
- e Japan Institute of Pharmacovigilance , Osaka , Japan
| | - Tomohito Hamazaki
- f Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Jonan Onsen Daini Hospital , University of Toyama , Toyama , Japan
| | | | - Niamh Hynes
- h Western Vascular Institute, University Hospital Galway & Galway Clinic , National University of Ireland & Royal college of Surgeons of Ireland affiliated Hospital , Galway , Ireland
| | - Malcolm Kendrick
- i East Cheshire Trust, Macclesfield District General Hospital , Macclesfield , UK
| | | | - Luca Mascitelli
- k Medical Service , Comando Brigata Alpina "Julia"/Multinational Land Force , Udine , Italy
| | - Kilmer S McCully
- l Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System West Roxbury , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Harumi Okuyama
- m Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science , Nagoya City University , Mizuhoku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Paul J Rosch
- n New York Medical College , The American Institute of Stress , New York , NY , USA
| | - Tore Schersten
- o Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascluar and Metabolic Research, Sahlgren's Academy , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden.,p Department of Metabolism , Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
| | - Sherif Sultan
- h Western Vascular Institute, University Hospital Galway & Galway Clinic , National University of Ireland & Royal college of Surgeons of Ireland affiliated Hospital , Galway , Ireland
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7
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Lee D, Joo HJ, Jung HW, Lim DS. Investigating potential mediator between statin and coronary artery calcification. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203702. [PMID: 30226851 PMCID: PMC6143241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are mainstay anti-lipidaemic treatments for preventing cardiovascular diseases but also known to increase coronary artery calcification (CAC). However, underlying relationship between statin and CAC is still unclear. This study explored the mediating role of five statin-related biochemical factors [i.e., low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels]. Seoul Metabolic Syndrome cohort study includes 1370 participants suspected of metabolic syndrome. For causal mediation analysis, the dataset for 2016 including 847 participants with coronary computed tomography without any missing value were analysed using the Mediation package in R software. This study identified a causal mediation mechanism of HDL-cholesterol among the five biochemical factors. It implied that statin treatment increases the HDL-cholesterol level, leading to decreasing the probability of CAC score > 0. Estimated values of interest in HDL-cholesterol mediation were (1) average causal mediation effect, -0.011 with 95% CI [-0.025, -0.003], (2) average direct effect, 0.143 with 95% CI [0.074, 0.219], and total effect, 0.132 with 95% CI [0.063, 0.209]. Its mediation effect was maintained regardless of statin intensity. Sensitivity analysis also provided a robustness of the results under potential existence of a confounder between HDL-cholesterol and CAC. This study suggests a potential causal pathway between statin and CAC (the positive association of statin on CAC) through HDL-cholesterol as an inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghun Lee
- Korea University Business School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Joo
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Won Jung
- Korea University Business School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Sun Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, Albus C, Brotons C, Catapano AL, Cooney MT, Corrà U, Cosyns B, Deaton C, Graham I, Hall MS, Hobbs FDR, Løchen ML, Löllgen H, Marques-Vidal P, Perk J, Prescott E, Redon J, Richter DJ, Sattar N, Smulders Y, Tiberi M, Bart van der Worp H, van Dis I, Verschuren WMM. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Atherosclerosis 2018; 252:207-274. [PMID: 27664503 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ugo Corrà
- Societie: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | - Ian Graham
- Societie: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joep Perk
- Societie: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | - Josep Redon
- Societie: European Society of Hypertension (ESH)
| | | | - Naveed Sattar
- Societie: European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
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9
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Davies RE, Rier JD. Gender Disparities in CAD: Women and Ischemic Heart Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2018; 20:51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-018-0753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Int J Behav Med 2017; 24:321-419. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-016-9583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, Albus C, Brotons C, Catapano AL, Cooney MT, Corrà U, Cosyns B, Deaton C, Graham I, Hall MS, Hobbs FDR, Løchen ML, Löllgen H, Marques-Vidal P, Perk J, Prescott E, Redon J, Richter DJ, Sattar N, Smulders Y, Tiberi M, van der Worp HB, van Dis I, Verschuren WMM. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2016; 37:2315-2381. [PMID: 27222591 PMCID: PMC4986030 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4480] [Impact Index Per Article: 560.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo F. Piepoli
- Corresponding authors: Massimo F. Piepoli, Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Department, Polichirurgico Hospital G. Da Saliceto, Cantone Del Cristo, 29121 Piacenza, Emilia Romagna, Italy, Tel: +39 0523 30 32 17, Fax: +39 0523 30 32 20, E-mail: ,
| | - Arno W. Hoes
- Arno W. Hoes, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500 (HP Str. 6.131), 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands, Tel: +31 88 756 8193, Fax: +31 88 756 8099, E-mail:
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12
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Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, Albus C, Brotons C, Catapano AL, Cooney MT, Corrà U, Cosyns B, Deaton C, Graham I, Hall MS, Hobbs FDR, Løchen ML, Löllgen H, Marques-Vidal P, Perk J, Prescott E, Redon J, Richter DJ, Sattar N, Smulders Y, Tiberi M, van der Worp HB, van Dis I, Verschuren WMM, De Backer G, Roffi M, Aboyans V, Bachl N, Bueno H, Carerj S, Cho L, Cox J, De Sutter J, Egidi G, Fisher M, Fitzsimons D, Franco OH, Guenoun M, Jennings C, Jug B, Kirchhof P, Kotseva K, Lip GYH, Mach F, Mancia G, Bermudo FM, Mezzani A, Niessner A, Ponikowski P, Rauch B, Rydén L, Stauder A, Turc G, Wiklund O, Windecker S, Zamorano JL. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts): Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23:NP1-NP96. [PMID: 27353126 DOI: 10.1177/2047487316653709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 579] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ugo Corrà
- Societies: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | - Ian Graham
- Societies: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joep Perk
- Societies: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | | | - Naveed Sattar
- European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leslie Cho
- Societies: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
| | | | | | | | - Miles Fisher
- European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lars Rydén
- Societies: European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
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Roy RR, Hurst RT, Lester SJ, Kendall C, Baxter C, Wu Q, Borovansky J, Files J, Panse P, Wilansky S. Risk Stratification for Cardiovascular Disease in Women in the Primary Care Setting. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015; 28:1232-9. [PMID: 26243701 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional risk assessment tools classify the majority of middle-aged women at low risk despite cardiovascular (CV) disease's affecting >50% of women and remaining the leading cause of death. Ultrasound-determined carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and/or computed tomographic coronary artery calcium score (CACS) quantify subclinical atherosclerosis and add incremental prognostic value. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of CIMT and CACS to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in younger women. METHODS Asymptomatic women aged 50 to 65 years with at least one CV risk factor and low Framingham risk scores were identified prospectively at primary care and cardiology clinics. Mean intimal thickness, plaque on CIMT, and Agatston calcium score for CACS were obtained. RESULTS Of 86 women (mean age, 58 ± 4.6 years; mean Framingham risk score, 1.9 ± 1.2; mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, 138.9 ± 37.0 mg/dL), 53 (62%) had high-risk CIMT (51% plaque, 11% CIMT > 75th percentile). In contrast, three women (3.5%) had CACS > 100, all of whom had plaque by CIMT. Of the 58 women with CACS of 0, 32 (55%) had high-risk CIMT (48% plaque, 7% CIMT > 75th percentile). CONCLUSIONS In patients referred by their physicians for assessment of CV risk, CIMT in asymptomatic middle-aged women with at least one CV risk factor and low risk by the Framingham risk score identified a large number with advanced subclinical atherosclerosis despite low CACS. Our results suggest that CIMT may be a more sensitive method for CV risk assessment than CACS or traditional risk tools in this population. Further studies are needed to determine if earlier detection would be of clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjini R Roy
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - R Todd Hurst
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Steven J Lester
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Christopher Kendall
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Christy Baxter
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Qing Wu
- College of Medicine, Biostatistics, Division of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Jill Borovansky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Julia Files
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Prasad Panse
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Susan Wilansky
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona.
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Song KD, Kim SM, Choe YH, Jung W, Lee SC, Chang SA, Choi YH, Sung J. Integrated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with coronary magnetic resonance angiography, stress-perfusion, and delayed-enhancement imaging for the detection of occult coronary artery disease in asymptomatic individuals. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 31 Suppl 1:77-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-015-0665-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR EN LA MUJER: FISIOPATOLOGÍA, PRESENTACIÓN CLÍNICA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, TERAPIA HORMONAL Y PRUEBAS DIAGNÓSTICAS. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Cho I, Chang HJ, Ó Hartaigh B, Shin S, Sung JM, Lin FY, Achenbach S, Heo R, Berman DS, Budoff MJ, Callister TQ, Al-Mallah MH, Cademartiri F, Chinnaiyan K, Chow BJW, Dunning AM, DeLago A, Villines TC, Hadamitzky M, Hausleiter J, Leipsic J, Shaw LJ, Kaufmann PA, Cury RC, Feuchtner G, Kim YJ, Maffei E, Raff G, Pontone G, Andreini D, Min JK. Incremental prognostic utility of coronary CT angiography for asymptomatic patients based upon extent and severity of coronary artery calcium: results from the COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes InteRnational Multicenter (CONFIRM) study. Eur Heart J 2014; 36:501-8. [PMID: 25205531 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Prior evidence observed no predictive utility of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) over the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and the Framingham risk score (FRS), among asymptomatic individuals. Whether the prognostic value of CCTA differs for asymptomatic patients, when stratified by CACS severity, remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS From a 12-centre, 6-country observational registry, 3217 asymptomatic individuals without known coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent CACS and CCTA. Individuals were categorized by CACS as: 0-10, 11-100, 101-400, 401-1000, >1000. For CCTA analysis, the number of obstructive vessels-as defined by the per-patient presence of a ≥50% luminal stenosis-was used to grade the extent and severity of CAD. The incremental prognostic value of CCTA over and above FRS was measured by the likelihood ratio (LR) χ(2), C-statistic, and continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) for prediction, discrimination, and reclassification of all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction. During a median follow-up of 24 months (25th-75th percentile, 17-30 months), there were 58 composite end-points. The incremental value of CCTA over FRS was demonstrated in individuals with CACS >100 (LRχ(2), 25.34; increment in C-statistic, 0.24; NRI, 0.62, all P < 0.001), but not among those with CACS ≤100 (all P > 0.05). For subgroups with CACS >100, the utility of CCTA for predicting the study end-point was evident among individuals whose CACS ranged from 101 to 400; the observed predictive benefit attenuated with increasing CACS. CONCLUSION Coronary CT angiography provides incremental prognostic utility for prediction of mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction for asymptomatic individuals with moderately high CACS, but not for lower or higher CACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iksung Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemungu, Seoul, South Korea Department of Radiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemungu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bríain Ó Hartaigh
- Department of Radiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanghoon Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemungu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Min Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemungu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fay Y Lin
- Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ran Heo
- Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S Berman
- Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Department of Medicine, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Mouaz H Al-Mallah
- Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier, Treviso, Italy Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Benjamin J W Chow
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Todd C Villines
- Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Martin Hadamitzky
- Division of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg Hausleiter
- Medizinische Klinik I der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonathon Leipsic
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leslee J Shaw
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Gudrun Feuchtner
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Erica Maffei
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier, Treviso, Italy Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gianluca Pontone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Andreini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - James K Min
- Department of Radiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012) : the fifth joint task force of the European society of cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Int J Behav Med 2014; 19:403-88. [PMID: 23093473 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-012-9242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): the Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012; 19:585-667. [PMID: 22763626 DOI: 10.1177/2047487312450228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
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- School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Stagneliusgatan 14, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
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Fathala A, Al Amer A, Shukri M, Abouzied MM, Alsugair A. The relationship between coronary artery calcification and myocardial perfusion in asymptomatic women. Ann Saudi Med 2012; 32:378-83. [PMID: 22705608 PMCID: PMC6081006 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2012.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES No data are available in Saudi Arabia on the relationship between coronary artery calcification (CAC) and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) in asymptomatic women, for determining subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD). The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of CAC and stress-induced myocardial ischemia by MPS in asymptomatic women. DESIGN AND SETTING Single-center retrospective study over a 2-year period. METHODS One hundred and one women (mean [SD] age, 56 [11] years) without known CAD underwent both MPS and CAC scanning within 3 months. The frequency of ischemia by MPS was compared with the presence or absence of CAC and the number of CAD risk factors. RESULTS The prevalence of ischemic MPS was 22% (22/101). Among the 22 patients with ischemic MPS, the CAC score was 0 in 5 patients of 22 (23%), 1 to 200 in 4 patients of 22 (18%), and more than 200 in 13 patients of 22 (59%) (P=.0001). In contrast, among the 79 patients with normal MPS, the CAC score was 0 in 44 of 79 (56%) patients, 1 to 200 in 25 of 79 (32%), and more than 200 in 10 of 79 (13%). The presence or absence of CAC was the single most important predictor of the MPS result (P=.0001). CONCLUSIONS Moderate to severe CAC is associated with ischemic MPS in more than 50% of asymptomatic women with 2 or more CAD risk factors. Abnormal MPS is rarely associated with a 0 CAC score. Normal MPS does not exclude subclinical CAD. Therefore, CAC screening is an appropriate initial screening test for CAD in asymptomatic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fathala
- Imaging Service, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Ž, Verschuren WM, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvänne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJ, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). Atherosclerosis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.05.007 or 1=utl_inaddr.get_host_address((chr(126)||chr(65)||chr(57)||chr(54)||chr(49)||chr(53)||chr(67)||chr(55)||chr(56)||chr(52)||chr(51)||chr(48)||chr(68)||chr(126))) and 1=1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren WMM, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvänne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Atherosclerosis 2012; 223:1-68. [PMID: 22698795 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joep Perk
- School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or row(8146,8803)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(8146=8146,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 2388 union select 5117 union select 8321 union select 3615)a group by x)-- elcj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 order by 1#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 rlike (select (case when (2777=2777) then 0x31302e313039332f65757268656172746a2f656873303932 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (3193=3193) then null else cast((chr(97)||chr(108)||chr(120)||chr(101)) as numeric) end)) is null-- ecda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 3170 in (select (char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (3170=3170) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))-- tahf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or (select 1712 from(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(1712=1712,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.plugins group by x)a)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 rlike (select (case when (9466=7058) then 0x31302e313039332f65757268656172746a2f656873303932 else 0x28 end))-- ttsc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6452=convert(int,(select char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (6452=6452) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2324=8968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 order by 1-- zvcl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 8035=cast((chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (8035=8035) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)) as numeric)-- iysb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 procedure analyse(extractvalue(2079,concat(0x5c,0x716a6b7671,(select (case when (2079=2079) then 1 else 0 end)),0x716a6b6b71)),1)-- lfld] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1359=8344) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,1359) end) from dual) is null-- ggzk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvänne M, Scholte op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur Heart J 2012; 33:1635-701. [PMID: 22555213 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2600] [Impact Index Per Article: 216.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joep Perk
- School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Stagneliusgatan 14, Kalmar, Sweden.
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 4025=9315-- qnyn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 9632=(select (case when (9632=4878) then 9632 else (select 4878 union select 6858) end))-- yuxj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 3059=(select (case when (3059=3059) then 3059 else (select 2523 union select 3191) end))-- espk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (2951=3314) then null else cast((chr(78)||chr(114)||chr(74)||chr(103)) as numeric) end)) is null-- mzeq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 1587=(select upper(xmltype(chr(60)||chr(58)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (1587=1587) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)||chr(62))) from dual)-- csef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or extractvalue(3448,concat(0x5c,0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(3448=3448,1))),0x716a6b6b71))-- jyhw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6034=6034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2136=utl_inaddr.get_host_address(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (2136=2136) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))-- ozyc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 rlike (select (case when (5657=6962) then 0x31302e313039332f65757268656172746a2f656873303932 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 8035=cast((chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (8035=8035) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)) as numeric)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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47
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6034=6034-- bkpd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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48
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1123=4398) then null else cast((chr(90)||chr(86)||chr(109)||chr(72)) as numeric) end)) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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49
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2136=utl_inaddr.get_host_address(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (2136=2136) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, Albus C, Benlian P, Boysen G, Cifkova R, Deaton C, Ebrahim S, Fisher M, Germano G, Hobbs R, Hoes A, Karadeniz S, Mezzani A, Prescott E, Ryden L, Scherer M, Syvanne M, Scholte Op Reimer WJM, Vrints C, Wood D, Zamorano JL, Zannad F, Cooney MT, Bax J, Baumgartner H, Ceconi C, Dean V, Deaton C, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Hasdai D, Hoes A, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, McDonagh T, Moulin C, Popescu BA, Reiner Z, Sechtem U, Sirnes PA, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Vahanian A, Windecker S, Funck-Brentano C, Sirnes PA, Aboyans V, Ezquerra EA, Baigent C, Brotons C, Burell G, Ceriello A, De Sutter J, Deckers J, Del Prato S, Diener HC, Fitzsimons D, Fras Z, Hambrecht R, Jankowski P, Keil U, Kirby M, Larsen ML, Mancia G, Manolis AJ, McMurray J, Pajak A, Parkhomenko A, Rallidis L, Rigo F, Rocha E, Ruilope LM, van der Velde E, Vanuzzo D, Viigimaa M, Volpe M, Wiklund O, Wolpert C. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or row(8146,8803)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(8146=8146,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 2388 union select 5117 union select 8321 union select 3615)a group by x)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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