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Madl AK, Donnell MT, Covell LT. Synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs): adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) and considerations for next generation new approach methods (NAMs). Crit Rev Toxicol 2024:1-51. [PMID: 39287182 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2390020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Fiber dimension, durability/dissolution, and biopersistence are critical factors for the risk of fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. In the modern era, to reduce, refine, and replace animals in toxicology research, the application of in vitro test methods is paramount for hazard evaluation and designing synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs) for safe use. The objectives of this review are to: (1) summarize the international frameworks and acceptability criteria for implementation of new approach methods (NAMs), (2) evaluate the adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), key events (KEs), and key event relationships (KERs) for fiber-induced fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis in accordance with Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines, (3) consider existing and emerging technologies for in silico and in vitro toxicity testing for the respiratory system and the ability to predict effects in vivo, (4) outline a recommended testing strategy for evaluating the hazard and safety of novel SVFs, and (5) reflect on methods needs for in vitro in vivo correlation (IVIVC) and predictive approaches for safety assessment of new SVFs. AOP frameworks following the conceptual model of the OECD were developed through an evaluation of available molecular and cellular initiating events, which lead to KEs and KERs in the development of fiber-induced fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. AOP framework development included consideration of fiber physicochemical properties, respiratory deposition and clearance patterns, biosolubility, and biopersistence, as well as cellular, organ, and organism responses. Available data support that fiber AOPs begin with fiber physicochemical characteristics which influence fiber exposure and biosolubility and subsequent key initiating events are dependent on fiber biopersistence and reactivity. Key cellular events of pathogenic fibers include oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and epithelial/fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, which ultimately lead to hyperplasia, metaplasia, and fibrosis/tumor formation. Available in vitro models (e.g. single-, multi-cellular, organ system) provide promising NAMs tools to evaluate these intermediate KEs. However, data on SVFs demonstrate that in vitro biosolubility is a reasonable predictor for downstream events of in vivo biopersistence and biological effects. In vitro SVF fiber dissolution rates >100 ng/cm2/hr (glass fibers in pH 7 and stone fibers in pH 4.5) and in vivo SVF fiber clearance half-life less than 40 or 50 days were not associated with fibrosis or tumors in animals. Long (fiber lengths >20 µm) biodurable and biopersistent fibers exceeding these fiber dissolution and clearance thresholds may pose a risk of fibrosis and cancer. In vitro fiber dissolution assays provide a promising avenue and potentially powerful tool to predict in vivo SVF fiber biopersistence, hazard, and health risk. NAMs for fibers (including SVFs) may involve a multi-factor in vitro approach leveraging in vitro dissolution data in complement with cellular- and tissue- based in vitro assays to predict health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Madl
- Valeo Sciences LLC, Ladera Ranch, CA, USA
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2
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Santos UP, Algranti E, Capitani EMD, Prado GF, Carneiro APS, Rodrigues SCS, Freitas JBPD, Chate RC, Mizutani RF, Castro HAD, Arbex MA, Ribeiro PC, Tietboehl Filho CN, Castellano MVCDO, Leite GW, Almeida GCD. Brazilian Thoracic Society recommendations for the diagnosis and monitoring of asbestos-exposed individuals. J Bras Pneumol 2024; 50:e20240156. [PMID: 39166593 PMCID: PMC11449612 DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20240156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Asbestos was largely used in Brazil. It is a mineral that induces pleural and pulmonary fibrosis, and it is a potent carcinogen. Our objective was to develop recommendations for the performance of adequate imaging tests for screening asbestos-related diseases. We searched peer-reviewed publications, national and international technical documents, and specialists' opinions on the theme. Based on that, the major recommendations are: Individuals exposed to asbestos at the workplace for ≥ 1 year or those with a history of environmental exposure for at least 5 years, all of those with a latency period > 20 years from the date of initial exposure, should initially undego HRCT of the chest for investigation. Individuals with pleural disease and/or asbestosis should be considered for regular lung cancer monitoring. Risk calculators should be adopted for lung cancer screening, with a risk estimate of 1.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubiratan Paula Santos
- . Grupo de Doenças Respiratórias Ocupacionais, Ambientais e de Cessação de Tabagismo, Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao - InCor - Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo - FMUSP - Sao Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Eduardo Algranti
- . Fundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho - FUNDACENTRO - São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Eduardo Mello De Capitani
- . Disciplina de Pneumologia e Centro de informação e Assistência Toxicológica - CIATox - Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP - Campinas (SP) Brasil
| | | | - Ana Paula Scalia Carneiro
- . Ambulatório de Pneumologia Ocupacional do SEST, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Sílvia Carla Sousa Rodrigues
- . Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato Oliveira (HSPE-FMO)/Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual - IAMSPE - de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Jefferson Benedito Pires de Freitas
- . Grupo de Doenças Respiratórias Ocupacionais, Ambientais e de Cessação de Tabagismo, Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao - InCor - Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo - FMUSP - Sao Paulo (SP) Brasil
- . Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo - FCMSCSP - São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Caruso Chate
- . Serviço de Radiologia, Instituto do Coracao - InCor - Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo - FMUSP - Sao Paulo (SP) Brasil
- . Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Rafael Futoshi Mizutani
- . Grupo de Doenças Respiratórias Ocupacionais, Ambientais e de Cessação de Tabagismo, Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao - InCor - Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo - FMUSP - Sao Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | | | - Marcos Abdo Arbex
- . Área Temática Pneumologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Araraquara, Araraquara (SP) Brasil
| | - Patrícia Canto Ribeiro
- . Atenção à saúde da Vice-Presidência de Ambiente Atenção e Promoção da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil
| | | | - Maria Vera Cruz de Oliveira Castellano
- . Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato Oliveira (HSPE-FMO)/Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual - IAMSPE - de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Guilherme Ward Leite
- . Grupo de Doenças Respiratórias Ocupacionais, Ambientais e de Cessação de Tabagismo, Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao - InCor - Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo - FMUSP - Sao Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Gustavo Corrêa de Almeida
- . Hospital de Base, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto (SP) Brasil
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3
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Yatera K, Nishida C. Contemporary Concise Review 2023: Environmental and occupational lung diseases. Respirology 2024; 29:574-587. [PMID: 38826078 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Air pollutants have various effects on human health in environmental and occupational settings. Air pollutants can be a risk factor for incidence, exacerbation/aggravation and death due to various lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypersensitivity pneumonitis or pneumonia (HP), pulmonary fibrosis such as pneumoconiosis and malignant respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Environmental and occupational respiratory diseases are crucial clinical and social issues worldwide, although the burden of respiratory disease due to environmental and occupational causes varies depending on country/region, demographic variables, geographical location, industrial structure and socioeconomic situation. The correct recognition of environmental and occupational lung diseases and taking appropriate measures are essential to their effective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Nishida
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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4
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Łuniewski S, Rogowska W, Łozowicka B, Iwaniuk P. Plants, Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in Supporting Asbestos Detoxification-A Biological Perspective in Asbestos Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1644. [PMID: 38612157 PMCID: PMC11012542 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Many countries banned asbestos due to its toxicity, but considering its colossal use, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, disposing of waste containing asbestos is the current problem. Today, many asbestos disposal technologies are known, but they usually involve colossal investment and operating expenses, and the end- and by-products of these methods negatively impact the environment. This paper identifies a unique modern direction in detoxifying asbestos minerals, which involves using microorganisms and plants and their metabolites. The work comprehensively focuses on the interactions between asbestos and plants, bacteria and fungi, including lichens and, for the first time, yeast. Biological treatment is a prospect for in situ land reclamation and under industrial conditions, which can be a viable alternative to landfilling and an environmentally friendly substitute or supplement to thermal, mechanical, and chemical methods, often characterized by high cost intensity. Plant and microbial metabolism products are part of the green chemistry trend, a central strategic pillar of global industrial and environmental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Łuniewski
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, The Eastern European University of Applied Sciences in Bialystok, Ciepła 40 St., 15-472 Białystok, Poland
| | - Weronika Rogowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology and Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E St., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Piotr Iwaniuk
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
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Febres-Aldana CA, Fanaroff R, Offin M, Zauderer MG, Sauter JL, Yang SR, Ladanyi M. Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma: Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:11-42. [PMID: 37722697 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042420-092719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the mesothelial cells lining the pleural surfaces. While DPM is a well-recognized disease linked to asbestos exposure, recent advances have expanded our understanding of molecular pathogenesis and transformed our clinical practice. This comprehensive review explores the current concepts and emerging trends in DPM, including risk factors, pathobiology, histologic subtyping, and therapeutic management, with an emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach to this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Febres-Aldana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Rachel Fanaroff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Michael Offin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marjorie G Zauderer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Sauter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Soo-Ryum Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; ,
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6
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Tuncel T, Ak G, Güneş HV, Metintaş M. Complex Genomic Rearrangement Patterns in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma due to Environmental Asbestos Exposure. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:13-27. [PMID: 38505910 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023046200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare type of cancer, and its main risk factor is exposure to asbestos. Accordingly, our knowledge of the genomic structure of an MPM tumor is limited when compared to other cancers. In this study, we aimed to characterize complex genomic rearrangement patterns and variations to better understand the genomics of MPM tumors. We comparatively scanned 3 MPM tumor genomes by Whole-Genome Sequencing and High-Resolution SNP array. We also used various computational algorithms to detect both CNAs and complex chromosomal rearrangements. Genomic data obtained from each bioinformatics tool are interpreted comparatively to better understand CNAs and cancer-related Nucleotide variations in MPM tumors. In patients 1 and 2, we found pathogenic nucleotide variants of BAP1, RB1, and TP53. These two MPM genomes exhibited a highly rearranged chromosomal rearrangement pattern resembling Chromomanagesis particularly in the form of Chromoanasynthesis. In patient 3, we found nucleotide variants of important cancer-related genes, including TGFBR1, KMT2C, and PALLD, to have lower chromosomal rearrangement complexity compared with patients 1 and 2. We also detected several actionable nucleotide variants including XRCC1, ERCC2. We also discovered the SKA3-DDX10 fusion in two MPM genomes, which is a novel finding for MPM. We found that MPM genomes are very complex, suggesting that this highly rearranged pattern is strongly related to driver mutational status like BAP1, TP53 and RB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunç Tuncel
- Health Institutes of Turkey, Turkish Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güntülü Ak
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Veysi Güneş
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Metintaş
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Amin R, Pandey R, Vaishali K, Acharya V, Sinha MK, Kumar N. Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease: An Exploratory Review on Molecular Mechanisms. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:618-633. [PMID: 37587813 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230816090112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) are characterized by shortness of breath caused by alveolar wall inflammation and/or fibrosis. OBJECTIVE Our review aims to study the depth of various variants of ILD, diagnostic procedures, pathophysiology, molecular dysfunction and regulation, subject and objective assessment techniques, pharmacological intervention, exercise training and various modes of delivery for rehabilitation. METHOD Articles are reviewed from PubMed and Scopus and search engines. RESULTS ILD is a rapidly progressing disease with a high mortality rate. Each variant has its own set of causal agents and expression patterns. Patients often find it challenging to self-manage due to persistent symptoms and a rapid rate of worsening. The present review elaborated on the pathophysiology, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches for ILD will guide future requirements in the quest for innovative and tailored ILD therapies at the molecular and cellular levels. CONCLUSION The review highlights the rationale for conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for better management of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Amin
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Vaishali
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vishak Acharya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Sinha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
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Curiel-García T, Rey-Brandariz J, Varela-Lema L, Ruano-Ravina A, Candal-Pedreira C, Mourino N, Moure-Rodríguez L, Figueiras A, Pérez-Ríos M. Asbestos exposure and small cell lung cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2023; 20:427-438. [PMID: 37405865 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2023.2232421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos is a mineral that is carcinogenic to humans. Its use has been banned in many occidental countries yet it is still produced in the United States, and materials that contain asbestos remain in many occupational settings and indoor environments. Even though asbestos carcinogenicity is well known, there is scant literature on its specific effects regarding small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine SCLC risk among workers exposed to asbestos. A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies which reported occupational exposure to asbestos and SCLC-related deaths and/or incidence. We identified seven case-control studies that included 3,231 SCLC cases; four studies reported smoking-adjusted risks. A significantly increased risk of SCLC (pooled OR 1.89; 95% CI, 1.25-2.86) was observed on pooling studies on men (six studies) that displayed moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 46.0%). Overall, our synthesis suggests that occupational exposure to asbestos significantly increases the risk of SCLC on men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Curiel-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julia Rey-Brandariz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leonor Varela-Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Cristina Candal-Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nerea Mourino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Moure-Rodríguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela - IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain
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Cox LA, Bogen KT, Conolly R, Graham U, Moolgavkar S, Oberdörster G, Roggli VL, Turci F, Mossman B. Mechanisms and shapes of causal exposure-response functions for asbestos in mesotheliomas and lung cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 230:115607. [PMID: 36965793 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper summarizes recent insights into causal biological mechanisms underlying the carcinogenicity of asbestos. It addresses their implications for the shapes of exposure-response curves and considers recent epidemiologic trends in malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) and lung fiber burden studies. Since the commercial amphiboles crocidolite and amosite pose the highest risk of MMs and contain high levels of iron, endogenous and exogenous pathways of iron injury and repair are discussed. Some practical implications of recent developments are that: (1) Asbestos-cancer exposure-response relationships should be expected to have non-zero background rates; (2) Evidence from inflammation biology and other sources suggests that there are exposure concentration thresholds below which exposures do not increase inflammasome-mediated inflammation or resulting inflammation-mediated cancer risks above background risk rates; and (3) The size of the suggested exposure concentration threshold depends on both the detailed time patterns of exposure on a time scale of hours to days and also on the composition of asbestos fibers in terms of their physiochemical properties. These conclusions are supported by complementary strands of evidence including biomathematical modeling, cell biology and biochemistry of asbestos-cell interactions in vitro and in vivo, lung fiber burden analyses and epidemiology showing trends in human exposures and MM rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Turci
- University of Turin, Department of Chemistry and "G. Scansetti" Center, Italy
| | - Brooke Mossman
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, USA
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Moro J, Sobrero S, Cartia CF, Ceraolo S, Rapanà R, Vaisitti F, Ganio S, Mellone F, Rudella S, Scopis F, La Paglia D, Cacciatore CC, Ruffini E, Leo F. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:3009. [PMID: 36553016 PMCID: PMC9776695 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare cancer characterized by a very poor prognosis. Exposure to asbestos is the leading cause of malignant pleural mesothelioma. The preinvasive lesions, the mesothelial hyperplasia and its possible evolution are the focus of the majority of the studies aiming to identify the treatable phase of the disease. The role of BAP-1 and MTAP in the diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ and in the prognosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma is the main topic of recent studies. The management of preinvasive lesions in mesothelioma is still unclear and many aspects are the subject of debate. The diagnosis, the disease staging and the accurate, comprehensive assessment of patients are three key instants for an appropriate management of patients/the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Moro
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Simona Sobrero
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Simona Ceraolo
- Nursing Degree Program, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Rapanà
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Federico Vaisitti
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Stefano Ganio
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Federica Mellone
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Stefano Rudella
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Federico Scopis
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Danilo La Paglia
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Carola Crystel Cacciatore
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Enrico Ruffini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Città della Salute Hospital Turin, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Leo
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
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Kuryk L, Rodella G, Staniszewska M, Pancer KW, Wieczorek M, Salmaso S, Caliceti P, Garofalo M. Novel Insights Into Mesothelioma Therapy: Emerging Avenues and Future Prospects. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916839. [PMID: 35785199 PMCID: PMC9247278 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that develops in the thin layer surrounding the mesothelium and is mainly caused by asbestos exposure. Despite improvements in patient prognosis with conventional cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, there are still no curative treatment modalities for advanced disease. In recent years, new therapeutic avenues have been explored. Improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying the dynamic tumor interaction with the immune system has led to the development of immunotherapeutic approaches. Numerous recent clinical trials have shown a desire to develop more effective treatments that can be used to fight against the disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic adenoviruses, and their combination represent a promising strategy that can be used to synergistically overcome immunosuppression in the mesothelioma tumor microenvironment. This review provides a synthesized overview of the current state of knowledge on new therapeutic options for mesothelioma with a focus on the results of clinical trials conducted in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kuryk
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Rodella
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Monika Staniszewska
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wanda Pancer
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wieczorek
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Hygiene (NIH)—National Institute of Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariangela Garofalo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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12
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Gupta SS, Singh KP, Gupta S, Dusinska M, Rahman Q. Do Carbon Nanotubes and Asbestos Fibers Exhibit Common Toxicity Mechanisms? NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101708. [PMID: 35630938 PMCID: PMC9145953 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades several nanoscale materials were engineered for industrial and medical applications. Among them carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most exploited nanomaterials with global production of around 1000 tons/year. Besides several commercial benefits of CNTs, the fiber-like structures and their bio-persistency in lung tissues raise serious concerns about the possible adverse human health effects resembling those of asbestos fibers. In this review, we present a comparative analysis between CNTs and asbestos fibers using the following four parameters: (1) fibrous needle-like shape, (2) bio-persistent nature, (3) high surface to volume ratio and (4) capacity to adsorb toxicants/pollutants on the surface. We also compare mechanisms underlying the toxicity caused by certain diameters and lengths of CNTs and asbestos fibers using downstream pathways associated with altered gene expression data from both asbestos and CNT exposure. Our results suggest that indeed certain types of CNTs are emulating asbestos fiber as far as associated toxicity is concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Smita Gupta
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Krishna P. Singh
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Shailendra Gupta
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany; (S.S.G.); (K.P.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Qamar Rahman
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow 226028, India
- Correspondence:
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13
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Giordani M, Mattioli M, Cangiotti M, Fattori A, Ottaviani MF, Betti M, Ballirano P, Pacella A, Di Giuseppe D, Scognamiglio V, Hanuskova M, Gualtieri AF. Characterisation of potentially toxic natural fibrous zeolites by means of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and morphological-mineralogical studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133067. [PMID: 34838598 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the morphological, mineralogical, and physico-chemical features of carcinogenic erionite and other possibly hazardous zeolites, such as mesolite and thomsonite, while also investigating the interacting capability of the mineral surface at the liquid/solid interface. Extremely fibrous erionite is K+ and Ca2+-rich and shows the highest Si/Al ratio (3.38) and specific surface area (8.14 m2/g). Fibrous mesolite is Na+ and Ca2+-rich and displays both a lower Si/Al ratio (1.56) and a smaller specific surface area (1.56 m2/g). The thomsonite composition shows the lowest values of Si/Al ratio (1.23) and specific surface area (0.38 m2/g). Electron paramagnetic resonance data from selected spin probes reveal that erionite has a homogeneous site distribution and interacts well with all spin probes. The surfaces of mesolite and thomsonite are less homogeneous and closer polar sites were found through consequent interaction with the probes. The mesolite surface can also clearly interact but with a lower strength and may represent a potential health hazard for humans, though with a lower degree if compared to erionite. The thomsonite surface is not inert and interacts with the probes with a low-grade capability. We can expect small fragments of thomsonite to interact with the biological environment, though with a low-grade intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giordani
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Mattioli
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Alberto Fattori
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Michele Betti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Paolo Ballirano
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pacella
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Di Giuseppe
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Scognamiglio
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Miriam Hanuskova
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro F Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125, Modena, Italy
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14
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Nishida C, Yatera K. The Impact of Ambient Environmental and Occupational Pollution on Respiratory Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2788. [PMID: 35270479 PMCID: PMC8910713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ambient pollutants and occupational pollutants may cause and exacerbate various lung and respiratory diseases. This review describes lung and respiratory diseases in relation to ambient pollutants, particularly particulate matter (PM2.5), and occupational air pollutants, excluding communicable diseases and indoor pollutants, including tobacco smoke exposure. PM2.5 produced by combustion is an important ambient pollutant. PM2.5 can cause asthma attacks and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the short term. Further, it not only carries a risk of lung cancer and death, but also hinders the development of lung function in children in the long term. It has recently been suggested that air pollution, such as PM2.5, is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Asbestos, which causes asbestosis, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma, and crystalline silica, which cause silicosis, are well-known traditional occupational pollutants leading to pneumoconiosis. While work-related asthma (WRA) is the most common occupational lung disease in recent years, many different agents cause WRA, including natural and synthetic chemicals and irritant gases. Primary preventive interventions that increase awareness of pollutants and reduce the development and exacerbation of diseases caused by air pollutants are paramount to addressing ambient and occupational pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan;
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15
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Di Giuseppe D, Scarfì S, Alessandrini A, Bassi AM, Mirata S, Almonti V, Ragazzini G, Mescola A, Filaferro M, Avallone R, Vitale G, Scognamiglio V, Gualtieri AF. Acute cytotoxicity of mineral fibres observed by time-lapse video microscopy. Toxicology 2021; 466:153081. [PMID: 34953976 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of mineral fibres is associated with the onset of an inflammatory activity in the lungs and the pleura responsible for the development of fatal malignancies. It is known that cell damage is a necessary step for triggering the inflammatory response. However, the mechanisms by which mineral fibres exert cytotoxic activity are not fully understood. In this work, the kinetics of the early cytotoxicity mechanisms of three mineral fibres (i.e., chrysotile, crocidolite and fibrous erionite) classified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, was determined for the first time in a comparative manner using time-lapse video microscopy coupled with in vitro assays. All tests were performed using the THP-1 cell line, differentiated into M0 macrophages (M0-THP-1) and exposed for short times (8 h) to 25 μg/mL aliquots of chrysotile, crocidolite and fibrous erionite. The toxic action of fibrous erionite on M0-THP-1 cells is manifested since the early steps (2 h) of the experiment while the cytotoxicity of crocidolite and chrysotile gradually increases during the time span of the experiment. Chrysotile and crocidolite prompt cell death mainly via apoptosis, while erionite exposure is also probably associated to a necrotic-like effect. The potential mechanisms underlying these different toxicity behaviours are discussed in the light of the different morphological, and chemical-physical properties of the three fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Di Giuseppe
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Sonia Scarfì
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Bassi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Mirata
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Almonti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Gregorio Ragazzini
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Monica Filaferro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Avallone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Scognamiglio
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro F Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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16
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Di Giuseppe D, Scognamiglio V, Malferrari D, Nodari L, Pasquali L, Lassinantti Gualtieri M, Scarfì S, Mirata S, Tessari U, Hanuskova M, Gualtieri AF. Characterization of Fibrous Wollastonite NYAD G in View of Its Use as Negative Standard for In Vitro Toxicity Tests. MINERALS 2021; 11:1378. [DOI: 10.3390/min11121378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Today, despite considerable efforts undertaken by the scientific community, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of mineral fibres remain poorly understood. A crucial role in disclosing the mechanisms of action of mineral fibres is played by in vitro and in vivo models. Such models require experimental design based on negative and positive controls. Commonly used positive controls are amosite and crocidolite UICC standards, while negative controls have not been identified so far. The extensive characterisation and assessment of toxicity/pathogenicity potential carried out in this work indicate that the commercial fibrous wollastonite NYAD G may be considered as a negative standard control for biological and biomedical tests involving mineral fibres. Preliminary in vitro tests suggest that wollastonite NYAD G is not genotoxic. This material is nearly pure and is characterized by very long (46.6 µm), thick (3.74 µm) and non-biodurable fibres with a low content of metals. According to the fibre potential toxicity index (FPTI) model, wollastonite NYAD G is an inert mineral fibre that is expected to exert a low biological response during in vitro/in vivo testing.
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17
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Badger R, Park K, Pietrofesa RA, Christofidou-Solomidou M, Serve KM. Late Inflammation Induced by Asbestiform Fibers in Mice Is Ameliorated by a Small Molecule Synthetic Lignan. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010982. [PMID: 34681644 PMCID: PMC8537122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to Libby amphibole (LA) asbestos-like fibers is associated with increased risk of asbestosis, mesothelioma, pulmonary disease, and systemic autoimmune disease. LGM2605 is a small molecule antioxidant and free radical scavenger, with anti-inflammatory effects in various disease models. The current study aimed to determine whether the protective effects of LGM2605 persist during the late inflammatory phase post-LA exposure. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were administered daily LGM2605 (100 mg/kg) via gel cups for 3 days before and 14 days after a 200 µg LA given via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Control mice were given unsupplemented gel cups and an equivalent dose of i.p. saline. On day 14 post-LA treatment, peritoneal lavage was assessed for immune cell influx, cytokine concentrations, oxidative stress biomarkers, and immunoglobulins. During the late inflammatory phase post-LA exposure, we noted an alteration in trafficking of both innate and adaptive immune cells, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations, induction of immunoglobulin isotype switching, and increased oxidized guanine species. LGM2605 countered these changes similarly among male and female mice, ameliorating late inflammation and altering immune responses in late post-LA exposure. These data support possible efficacy of LGM2605 in the prolonged treatment of LA-associated disease and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan Badger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
| | - Kyewon Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Ralph A. Pietrofesa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.P.); (R.A.P.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Kinta M. Serve
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Hazardous Elements in Asbestos Tremolite from the Basilicata Region, Southern Italy: A First Step. FIBERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fib9080047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the quantification of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) hosted into two tremolite asbestos from Episcopia and San Severino Lucano villages (Basilicata region, Southern Italy). Micro X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy with Optical Emission Spectrometry techniques were used to quantify the concentration of major, minor (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn) and trace elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn Sr, Ti, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr), with the aim of providing available data useful for the determination of the asbestos fibers toxicity. Results show that in the two studied samples there exist high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni which could lead to the high toxicity of the mineral fibers. By considering the pseudo-total PTEs amounts in each tremolite asbestos, it is possible to affirm that one of the samples is more enriched in toxic elements than the other one (3572 ppm versus 1384 ppm). These PTEs can represent a source of risk to human health since they may be transported away from the geological outcrops, through asbestos in the air, water and soils and thus encountering the human body.
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19
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Lorenzini E, Ciarrocchi A, Torricelli F. Molecular Fingerprints of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Not Just a Matter of Genetic Alterations. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112470. [PMID: 34199544 PMCID: PMC8199660 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a clinical emergency of our time. Being strongly associated with asbestos exposure, incidence of this cancer is ramping up these days in many industrialized countries and it will soon start to increase in many developing areas where the use of this silicate derivate is still largely in use. Deficiency of reliable markers for the early identification of these tumors and the limited efficacy of the currently available therapeutic options are the basis of the impressive mortality rate of MPM. These shortcomings reflect the very poor information available about the molecular basis of this disease. Results of the recently released deep profiling studies point to the epigenome as a central element in MPM development and progression. First, MPM is characterized by a low mutational burden and a highly peculiar set of mutations that hits almost exclusively epigenetic keepers or proteins controlling chromatin organization and function. Furthermore, asbestos does not seem to be associated with a distinctive mutational signature, while the precise mapping of epigenetic changes caused by this carcinogen has been defined, suggesting that alterations in epigenetic features are the driving force in the development of this disease. Last but not least, consistent evidence also indicates that, in the setting of MPM, chromatin rewiring and epigenetic alterations of cancer cells heavily condition the microenvironment, including the immune response. In this review we aim to point to the relevance of the epigenome in MPM and to highlight the dependency of this tumor on chromatin organization and function. We also intend to discuss the opportunity of targeting these mechanisms as potential therapeutic options for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Lorenzini
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.L.); (A.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.L.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Jumat MI, Hayati F, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Saupin S, Awang Lukman K, Jeffree MS, Lasimbang HB, Kadir F. Occupational lung disease: A narrative review of lung conditions from the workplace. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 64:102245. [PMID: 33854771 PMCID: PMC8027683 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational lung diseases are lung conditions caused or made worse by materials when a person is exposed to a workplace. The diagnosis of an occupational disease is important for workers' decision to continue work and for their eligibility under compensation programmes. We revisit the existing lung diseases that are closely associated with the occupation at the workplace namely occupational asthma, silicosis, black lung disease, farmers' lung disease, asbestos-linked disease, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Occupational lung diseases contribute toward global health and economic impacts. Prevention and control of occupational lung diseases require a collaborative effort among employers, workers, occupational physicians, pulmonary physicians, industrial hygienists, and members from other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Iskandar Jumat
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Sahipudin Saupin
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Khamisah Awang Lukman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Saffree Jeffree
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Helen Benedict Lasimbang
- Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fairrul Kadir
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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21
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Identification of Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factors as Markers of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051138. [PMID: 33799965 PMCID: PMC7961847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a lung tumor associated with asbestos exposure, with a poor prognosis, and a difficult pharmacological approach. Asbestos exposure is very toxic for the lungs, which counteract this toxic effect by activating some antioxidant defense proteins. When these proteins are more active that in normal conditions, as in several cancers, these tumors become able to survive and resist to stress or chemotherapy. In our laboratory, we collected cellular samples of mesothelioma and non-transformed mesothelium from Hospital’s Biobank and we evaluated these proteins. Our results demonstrated these proteins are upregulated in mesothelioma cells and not in non-transformed mesothelium. This event could be associated to toxic effects evoked by asbestos exposure, highlighting the need in the future to monitor asbestos-exposed people by measuring biomarkers identified, in the attempt to identify them as possible predictive markers and potential pharmacological targets addressed to improve mesothelioma prognosis. Abstract Although asbestos has been banned in most countries around the world, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a current problem. MPM is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis, so it is crucial to identify new markers in the preventive field. Asbestos exposure induces oxidative stress and its carcinogenesis has been linked to a strong oxidative damage, event counteracted by antioxidant systems at the pulmonary level. The present study has been focused on some redox-sensitive transcription factors that regulate cellular antioxidant defense and are overexpressed in many tumors, such as Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), Ref-1 (Redox effector factor 1), and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1). The research was performed in human mesothelial and MPM cells. Our results have clearly demonstrated an overexpression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 in mesothelioma towards mesothelium, and a consequent activation of downstream genes controlled by these factors, which in turn regulates antioxidant defense. This event is mediated by oxidative free radicals produced when mesothelial cells are exposed to asbestos fibers. We observed an increased expression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 towards untreated cells, confirming asbestos as the mediator of oxidative stress evoked at the mesothelium level. These factors can therefore be considered predictive biomarkers of MPM and potential pharmacological targets in the treatment of this aggressive cancer.
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22
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Kotsiou OS, Gourgoulianis KI, Zarogiannis SG. The role of nitric oxide in pleural disease. Respir Med 2021; 179:106350. [PMID: 33662805 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates various physiological and pathophysiological functions in the lungs. However, there is much less information about the effects of NO in the pleura. The present review aimed to explore the available evidence regarding the role of NO in pleural disease. NO, has a double-edged role in the pleural cavity. It is an essential signaling molecule mediating various physiological cell functions such as lymphatic drainage of the serous cavities, the immune response to intracellular multiplication of pathogens, and downregulation of neutrophil migration, but also induces genocytotoxic and mutagenic effects when present in excess. NO is implicated in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related or exudative pleural disease and mesothelioma. From a clinical point of view, the fraction of exhaled NO has been suggested as a potential non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of benign asbestos-related disorders. Under experimental conditions, NO-mimetics were found to attenuate hypoxia-induced therapy resistance in mesothelioma. Similarly, hybrid agents consisting of an NO donor coupled with a parent anti-inflammatory drug showed an enhancement of the anti-inflammatory activity of anti-inflammatory drugs. However, given the paucity of research work performed over the last years in this area, further research should be undertaken to establish reliable conclusions with respect to the feasibility of determining or targeting the NO signaling pathway for pleural disease diagnosis and therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500, Larissa, Greece
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The Dark Side of the Force: When the Immune System Is the Fuel of Tumor Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031224. [PMID: 33513730 PMCID: PMC7865698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is well accepted that inflammation is a critical player in cancer, being, in most cases, the main character of the process. Different types of tumor arise from sites of infection or chronic inflammation. This non-resolving inflammation is responsible for tumor development at different levels: it promotes tumor initiation, as well as tumor progression, stimulating both tumor growth and metastasis. Environmental factors, lifestyle and infections are the three main triggers of chronic immune activation that promote or increase the risk of many different cancers. In this review, we focus our attention on tumor onset; in particular, we summarize the knowledge about the cause and the mechanisms behind the inflammation-driven cancer development.
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24
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Gualtieri AF. Bridging the gap between toxicity and carcinogenicity of mineral fibres by connecting the fibre crystal-chemical and physical parameters to the key characteristics of cancer. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:42-52. [PMID: 34345849 PMCID: PMC8320635 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne fibres and particularly asbestos represent hazards of great concern for human health because exposure to these peculiar particulates may cause malignancies such as lung cancer and mesothelioma. Currently, many researchers worldwide are focussed on fully understanding the patho-biological mechanisms leading to carcinogenesis prompted by pathogenic fibres. Along this line, the present work introduces a novel approach to correlate how and to what extent the physical/crystal-chemical and morphological parameters (including length, chemistry, biodurability, and surface properties) of mineral fibres cause major adverse effects with an emphasis on asbestos. The model described below conceptually attempts to bridge the gap between toxicity and carcinogenicity of mineral fibres and has several implications: 1) it provides a tool to measure the toxicity and pathogenic potential of asbestos minerals, allowing a quantitative rank of the different types (e.g. chrysotile vs. crocidolite); 2) it can predict the toxicity and pathogenicity of "unregulated" or unclassified fibres; 3) it reveals the parameters of a mineral fibre that are active in stimulating key characteristics of cancer, thus offering a strategy for developing specific cancer prevention strategies and therapies. Chrysotile, crocidolite and fibrous glaucophane are described here as mineral fibres of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro F. Gualtieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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25
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Filetti V, Vitale E, Broggi G, Hagnäs MP, Candido S, Spina A, Lombardo C. Update of in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo fluoro-edenite effects on malignant mesothelioma: A systematic review (Review). Biomed Rep 2020; 13:60. [PMID: 33149905 PMCID: PMC7605121 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoro-edenite (FE), asbestiform fiber found in Biancavilla (Sicily, Italy), presents various characteristics similar to the asbestos group, in particular two fibrous phases tremolite and actinolite. Indeed, epidemiological studies have shown that FE fibers have similar effects to those of asbestos fibers. Such studies have reported a high incidence of malignant mesothelioma (MM), an aggressive neoplasm of the serosal membranes lining the pleural cavity, in individuals residing there due to FE exposure in Biancavilla related to environmental contamination. Evidence has led to the classification of FE as a Group 1 human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The aim of this systematic review is to compare the results achieved in in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo experimental studies involving FE in order to update the current knowledge on the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms responsible for FE-mediated MM development as well as the availability of effective biomarkers for MM prevention and diagnosis. This review is focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms mediated by inflammation induced by FE fiber exposure and which are responsible for MM development. This review also discusses the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the management of this pathology. It is known that the risk of cancer development increases with chronic inflammation, arising from enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO• production stimulated by the body to remove exogenous agents, causing DNA damage and enhanced signal transduction that may lead to activation of oncogenes. Studies concerning MM biomarker discovery indicate that several biomarkers have been proposed for MM, but mesothelin is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved biomarker for MM, with limitations. In recent studies, in silico analysis to identify selected miRNAs highly deregulated in cancer samples when compared with normal control have been developed. This in silico approach could represent an effort in the field of biomarker discovery for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Filetti
- Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Pathologic Anatomy, Department 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria P Hagnäs
- Rovaniemi Health Centre, 96200 Rovaniemi, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, 90150 Oulu, Finland
| | - Saverio Candido
- Oncologic, Clinic and General Pathology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.,Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Spina
- INPS Italian National Social Security Institution, I-95129 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Lombardo
- Pathologic Anatomy, Department 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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26
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The Effects of Asbestos Fibers on Human T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196987. [PMID: 32977478 PMCID: PMC7584019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Asbestos exposure causes malignant tumors such as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. The effects of asbestos fibers on immunocompetent cells, however, have not been well studied. Asbestos physically comprises a fibrous substance, which differs from silica particles which are a particulate substance, although chemically it is a mineral silicate. Since silicosis patients previously exposed to silica particles often suffer from lung and autoimmune diseases, it is clear that silica exposure impairs immune tolerance. Similarly, asbestos may alter the immune system in asbestos-exposed individuals. Given that malignant tumors can result following exposure to asbestos, the attenuation of anti-tumor immunity in cases of asbestos exposure is an important area of investigation. We observed the effect of asbestos fibers on T lymphocytes, such as CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), CD4+ helper T (Th), and regulatory T (Treg) cells, and showed that anti-tumor immunity was attenuated, as demonstrated in a system that stimulates fresh cells isolated from peripheral blood in vitro and a system that is continuously exposed to a cell line. In this manuscript, we introduce the experiments and results of studies on CTLs, as well as Th and Treg cells, and discuss how future changes in immunocompetent cells induced by asbestos fibers can be clinically linked.
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27
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Reactive oxygen species-regulating proteins peroxiredoxin 2 and thioredoxin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are differentially abundant in induced sputum from smokers with lung cancer or asbestos exposure. Eur J Cancer Prev 2020; 29:238-247. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Cellai F, Bonassi S, Cristaudo A, Bonotti A, Neri M, Ceppi M, Bruzzone M, Milić M, Munnia A, Peluso M. Chromatographic Detection of 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine in Leukocytes of Asbestos Exposed Workers for Assessing Past and Recent Carcinogen Exposures. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E239. [PMID: 32326213 PMCID: PMC7235992 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos fibers include a group of silicate minerals that occur in the environment and are widely employed in occupational settings. Asbestos exposure has been associated to various chronic diseases; such as pulmonary fibrosis; mesothelioma; and lung cancer; often characterized by a long period of latency. Underlying mechanisms that are behind the carcinogenic effect of asbestos have not been fully clarified. Therefore; we have conducted an epidemiological study to evaluate the relationship between 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), one of the most reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage; and asbestos exposure in the peripheral blood of residents in Tuscany and Liguria regions; Italy; stratified by occupational exposure to this carcinogen. Levels of 8-oxodG were expressed such as relative adduct labeling (RAL); the frequency of 8-oxodG per 105 deoxyguanosine was significantly higher among exposed workers with respect to the controls; i.e., 3.0 ± 0.2 Standard Error (SE) in asbestos workers versus a value of 1.3 ± 0.1 (SE) in unexposed controls (p < 0.001). When the relationship with occupational history was investigated; significant higher levels of 8-oxodG were measured in current and former asbestos workers vs. healthy controls; 3.1 ± 0.3 (SE) and 2.9 ± 0.2 (SE), respectively. After stratification for occupational history; a significant 194% excess of adducts was found in workers with 10 or more years of past asbestos exposure (p < 0.001). 8-oxodG can be used for medical surveillance programs of cohorts of workers with past and recent exposures to carcinogens for the identification of subjects requiring a more intense clinical surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cellai
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.N.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Cristaudo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56010 Pisa, Italy;
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University of Pisa, 56010 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Monica Neri
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131 Genoa, Italy; (M.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Marco Bruzzone
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131 Genoa, Italy; (M.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Marco Peluso
- Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.M.)
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Dutheil F, Zaragoza-Civale L, Pereira B, Mermillod M, Baker JS, Schmidt J, Moustafa F, Navel V. Prostate Cancer and Asbestos: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Perm J 2020; 24:19.086. [PMID: 32097115 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/19.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asbestos-related diseases and cancers represent a major public health concern. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to demonstrate that asbestos exposure increases the risk of prostate cancer. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched using the keywords (prostate cancer OR prostatic neoplasm) AND (asbestos* OR crocidolite* OR chrysotile* OR amphibole* OR amosite*). To be included, articles needed to describe our primary outcome: Risk of prostate cancer after any asbestos exposure. RESULTS We included 33 studies with 15,687 cases of prostate cancer among 723,566 individuals. Asbestos exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (effect size = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.15). When we considered mode of absorption, respiratory inhalation increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.10, 95% CI = 1.05-1.14). Both environmental and occupational exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.48; and 1.07, 1.04-1.10, respectively). For type of fibers, the amosite group had an increased risk of prostate cancer (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), and there were no significant results for the chrysotile/crocidolite group. The risk was higher in Europe (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), without significant results in other continents. DISCUSSION Asbestos exposure seems to increase prostate cancer risk. The main mechanism of absorption was respiratory. Both environmental and occupational asbestos exposure were linked to increased risk of prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Patients who were exposed to asbestos should possibly be encouraged to complete more frequent prostate cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dutheil
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Preventive Medicine, WittyFit, France.,Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Laetitia Zaragoza-Civale
- Occupational and Preventive Medicine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, the Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martial Mermillod
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université, Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education, and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong
| | - Jeannot Schmidt
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fares Moustafa
- Emergency Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valentin Navel
- Ophthalmology, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
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30
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Peterson MK, Mohar I, Lam T, Cook TJ, Engel AM, Lynch H. Critical review of the evidence for a causal association between exposure to asbestos and esophageal cancer. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 49:597-613. [PMID: 31965908 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1692190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancers comprise about 1% of all cancers diagnosed in the US but are more prevalent in other regions of the world. Several regulatory agencies have classified asbestos as a known human carcinogen, and it is linked to multiple diseases and malignancies, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. In a 2006 review of the epidemiological literature, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) did not find sufficient evidence to demonstrate a causal relationship between asbestos exposure and esophageal cancer. To reevaluate this conclusion, we performed a critical review of the animal toxicological, epidemiological, and mechanism of action literature on esophageal cancer and asbestos, incorporating studies published since 2006. Although there is some evidence in the epidemiological literature for an increased risk of esophageal cancer in asbestos-exposed occupational cohorts, these studies generally did not control for critical esophageal cancer risk factors (e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption). Furthermore, data from animal toxicological studies do not indicate that asbestos exposure increases esophageal cancer risk. Based on our evaluation of the literature, and reaffirming the IOM's findings, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate a causal link between asbestos exposure and esophageal cancer.
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31
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Urso L, Cavallari I, Sharova E, Ciccarese F, Pasello G, Ciminale V. Metabolic rewiring and redox alterations in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:52-61. [PMID: 31819191 PMCID: PMC6964675 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0661-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy of mesothelial cells with increasing incidence, and in many cases, dismal prognosis due to its aggressiveness and lack of effective therapies. Environmental and occupational exposure to asbestos is considered the main aetiological factor for MPM. Inhaled asbestos fibres accumulate in the lungs and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the presence of iron associated with the fibrous silicates and to the activation of macrophages and inflammation. Chronic inflammation and a ROS-enriched microenvironment can foster the malignant transformation of mesothelial cells. In addition, MPM cells have a highly glycolytic metabolic profile and are positive in 18F-FDG PET analysis. Loss-of-function mutations of BRCA-associated protein 1 (BAP1) are a major contributor to the metabolic rewiring of MPM cells. A subset of MPM tumours show loss of the methyladenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) locus, resulting in profound alterations in polyamine metabolism, ATP and methionine salvage pathways, as well as changes in epigenetic control of gene expression. This review provides an overview of the perturbations in metabolism and ROS homoeostasis of MPM cells and the role of these alterations in malignant transformation and tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Urso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
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Oxidative Potential Versus Biological Effects: A Review on the Relevance of Cell-Free/Abiotic Assays as Predictors of Toxicity from Airborne Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194772. [PMID: 31561428 PMCID: PMC6801578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) in cell-free/abiotic systems have been suggested as a possible measure of their biological reactivity and a relevant exposure metric for ambient air PM in epidemiological studies. The present review examined whether the OP of particles correlate with their biological effects, to determine the relevance of these cell-free assays as predictors of particle toxicity. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies published up to May 2019. The main inclusion criteria used for the selection of studies were that they should contain (1) multiple PM types or samples, (2) assessment of oxidative potential in cell-free systems and (3) assessment of biological effects in cells, animals or humans. Results: In total, 50 independent studies were identified assessing both OP and biological effects of ambient air PM or combustion particles such as diesel exhaust and wood smoke particles: 32 in vitro or in vivo studies exploring effects in cells or animals, and 18 clinical or epidemiological studies exploring effects in humans. Of these, 29 studies assessed the association between OP and biological effects by statistical analysis: 10 studies reported that at least one OP measure was statistically significantly associated with all endpoints examined, 12 studies reported that at least one OP measure was significantly associated with at least one effect outcome, while seven studies reported no significant correlation/association between any OP measures and any biological effects. The overall assessment revealed considerable variability in reported association between individual OP assays and specific outcomes, but evidence of positive association between intracellular ROS, oxidative damage and antioxidant response in vitro, and between OP assessed by the dithiothreitol (DDT) assay and asthma/wheeze in humans. There was little support for consistent association between OP and any other outcome assessed, either due to repeated lack of statistical association, variability in reported findings or limited numbers of available studies. Conclusions: Current assays for OP in cell-free/abiotic systems appear to have limited value in predicting PM toxicity. Clarifying the underlying causes may be important for further advancement in the field.
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Cavallari I, Urso L, Sharova E, Pasello G, Ciminale V. Liquid Biopsy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: State of the Art, Pitfalls, and Perspectives. Front Oncol 2019; 9:740. [PMID: 31475103 PMCID: PMC6705182 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor linked to asbestos exposure. Although the risk factors for MPM are well-known, the majority of MPM patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a very poor prognosis. Circulating biomarkers for early diagnosis remain to be identified, and the current standard for MPM diagnosis relies on pleural biopsies. Robust non-invasive tests for the screening of asbestos-exposed subjects are therefore an important unmet clinical need. This review provides a critical summary of recent liquid biopsy-based studies aimed at discovering novel blood-based circulating biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognostic stratification of MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallari
- Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica (IDMO), Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV- IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Loredana Urso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Evgeniya Sharova
- Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica (IDMO), Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV- IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica (IDMO), Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV- IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Immunologia e Diagnostica Molecolare Oncologica (IDMO), Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV- IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Ospina D, Villegas VE, Rodríguez-Leguizamón G, Rondón-Lagos M. Analyzing biological and molecular characteristics and genomic damage induced by exposure to asbestos. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4997-5012. [PMID: 31239765 PMCID: PMC6556979 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s205723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos is one of the most important occupational carcinogens. Currently, about 125 million people worldwide are exposed to asbestos in the workplace. According to global estimates, at least 107,000 people die each year from lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos. The high pathogenicity of this material is currently known, being associated with the development of pulmonary diseases, of which lung cancer is the main cause of death due to exposure to this mineral. Pulmonary diseases related to asbestos are a common clinical problem and a major health concern worldwide. Extensive research has identified many important pathogenic mechanisms; however, the precise molecular mechanisms involved, and the generated genomic damage that lead to the development of these diseases, are not completely understood. The modes of action that underlie this type of disease seem to differ depending on the type of fiber, lung clearance, and genetics. This evidences the need to increase our knowledge about these effects on human health. This review focuses on the characteristics of asbestos and the cellular and genomic damage generated in humans via exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ospina
- Biology Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá111221,Colombia
| | - Victoria Eugenia Villegas
- Biology Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá111221,Colombia
| | - Giovanni Rodríguez-Leguizamón
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi – Universidad del Rosario. School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111221, Colombia
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja150003, Colombia
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Yin W, Zheng G, Su S, Liang Y. The Value of COX-2, NF-κB, and Blood Routine Indexes in the Prognosis of Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma. Oncol Res Treat 2019; 42:334-341. [PMID: 31063993 DOI: 10.1159/000499677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate differences in blood routine indexes and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) and their relationship with clinical prognosis. METHODS We investigated changes in blood routine indexes between the MPeM patients and healthy subjects and detected the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB in peritoneal tissues by a streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry method. Potential prognostic factors were analyzed including age, gender, white blood cell count (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute platelet count (APC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), COX-2, and NF-κB. Cox regression model analysis established independent factors for the survival prognosis of the patients. RESULTS Compared with the control group, AMC, MXD%, ANC, neutrophilic granulocyte percentage (NEUT%), APC, NLR, MLR, and PLR were markedly increased (p < 0.05) in the MPeM group. The positivity rates for COX-2 and NF-κB expression were 59.4 and 44.9%, respectively. Single factor analyses indicated that PLR, NLR, MLR, COX-2, and NF-κB were factors that affected the overall survival of MPeM patients, but multivariate analyses identified MLR and COX-2 as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS High blood levels of MLR and COX-2 are adverse prognostic factors for patients with MPeM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Guoqi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China,
| | - Shanshan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Mossman BT. Mechanistic in vitro studies: What they have told us about carcinogenic properties of elongated mineral particles (EMPs). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 361:62-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sakamoto Y, Hojo M, Kosugi Y, Watanabe K, Hirose A, Inomata A, Suzuki T, Nakae D. Comparative study for carcinogenicity of 7 different multi-wall carbon nanotubes with different physicochemical characteristics by a single intraperitoneal injection in male Fischer 344 rats. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:587-600. [PMID: 30298847 DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The present study comparatively examined carcinogenicity of 7 different multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different physicochemical characteristics. Physicochemical characteristics of MWCNTs (referred to as M-, N-, WL-, SD1-, WS-, SD2- and T-CNTs in the present study) were determined using scanning electron and light microscopes and a collision type inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Male Fischer 344 rats (10 weeks old, 15 animals per group) were administered MWCNTs at a single intraperitoneal dose of 1 mg/kg body weight, and sacrificed up to 52 weeks after the commencement. Fibers of M-, N-, WL- and SD1-CNTs were straight and acicular in shape, and contained few agglomerates. They were relatively long (38-59% of fibers were longer than 5 μm) and thick (33% to more than 70% of fibers were thicker than 60 nm). All of these 4 MWCNTs induced mesotheliomas at absolute incidences of 100%. Fibers of WS-, SD2- and T-CNTs were curled and tightly tangled to form frequent agglomerates. They were relatively short and thin (more than 90% of measured fibers were thinner than 50 nm). WS- CNT did not induce mesothelioma, and only one of 15 rat given SD2- or T-CNT developed tumor. Any correlations existed between the metal content and neither the size or form of fibers, nor the carcinogenicity. It is thus indicated that the physicochemical characteristics of MWCNTs are critical for their carcinogenicity. The straight and acicular shape without frequent agglomerates, and the relatively long and thick size, but not the iron content, may be critical factors. The present data can contribute to the risk management, practical use and social acceptance of MWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Motoki Hojo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Yuki Kosugi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Kimiyo Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Division of Risk Assessment, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Akiko Inomata
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Toshinari Suzuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
| | - Dai Nakae
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture
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Gray EP, Browning CL, Wang M, Gion KD, Chao EY, Koski KJ, Kane AB, Hurt RH. Biodissolution and Cellular Response to MoO3 Nanoribbons and a New Framework for Early Hazard Screening for 2D Materials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2018; 5:2545-2559. [PMID: 31548890 PMCID: PMC6756761 DOI: 10.1039/c8en00362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a broad class of synthetic ultra-thin sheet-like solids whose rapid pace of development motivates systematic study of their biological effects and safe design. A challenge for this effort is the large number of new materials and their chemical diversity. Recent work suggests that many 2D materials will be thermodynamically unstable and thus non-persistent in biological environments. Such information could inform and accelerate safety assessment, but experimental data to confirm the thermodynamic predictions is lacking. Here we propose a framework for early hazard screening of nanosheet materials based on biodissolution studies in reactive media, specially chosen for each material to match chemically feasible degradation pathways. Simple dissolution and in vitro tests allow grouping of nanosheet materials into four classes: A, potentially biopersistent; B: slowly degradable (>24-48 hours); C, biosoluble with potentially hazardous degradation products; and D, biosoluble with low-hazard degradation products. The proposed framework is demonstrated through an experimental case study on MoO3 nanoribbons, which have a dual 2D / 1D morphology and have been reported to be stable in aqueous stock solutions. The nanoribbons are shown to undergo rapid dissolution in biological simulant fluids and in cell culture, where they elicit no adverse responses up to 100μg ml-1 dose. These results place MoO3 nanoribbons in Class D, and assigns them a low priority for further nanotoxicology testing. We anticipate use of this framework could accelerate the risk assessment for the large set of new powdered 2D nanosheet materials, and promote their safe design and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P Gray
- The School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
| | - Cynthia L Browning
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
| | - Mengjing Wang
- The Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 156 George Street, Providence RI, 02912, United States
| | - Kyle D Gion
- The School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
| | - Eric Y Chao
- The School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
| | - Kristie J Koski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave. Davis CA 95616.
| | - Agnes B Kane
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
| | - Robert H Hurt
- The School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI, 02912, United States.
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Felley-Bosco E, MacFarlane M. Asbestos: Modern Insights for Toxicology in the Era of Engineered Nanomaterials. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:994-1008. [PMID: 30156102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asbestos fibers are naturally occurring silicates that have been extensively used in the past, including house construction, but because of their toxicity, their use has been banned in 63 countries. Despite this, more than one million metric tons of asbestos are still consumed annually in countries where asbestos use has not been banned. Asbestos-related disease incidence is still increasing in several countries, including those countries that banned the use of asbestos more than 30 years ago. We highlight here recent knowledge obtained in experimental models about the mechanisms leading to tumor development following asbestos exposure, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Importantly, the landscape of alterations observed experimentally in tumor samples is consistent with alterations observed in clinical tumor samples; therefore, studies performed on early/precancer stages should help inform secondary prevention, which remains crucial in the absence of an efficient primary prevention. Knowledge gathered on asbestos should also help address future challenges, especially in view of the increased production of new materials that may behave similarly to asbestos fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Felley-Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , University Hospital Zurich , Sternwartstrasse 14 , 8091 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit , University of Cambridge , Hodgkin Building, Leicester LE1 9HN , United Kingdom
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Huo T, Dong F, Deng J, Zhang Q, Ye W, Zhang W, Wang P, Sun D. In vitro genotoxicity of asbestos substitutes induced by coupled stimulation of dissolved high-valence ions and oxide radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22356-22367. [PMID: 28766145 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of asbestos and its substitutes has given rise to studies on their possible harmful effects on human health and environment. However, their toxic effects remain unclear. The present study was aimed to disclose the coupled effects of dissolved high-valence ions and oxide radicals using the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of chrysotile (CA), nano-SiO2 (NS), ceramic fiber (CF), glass fiber (GF), and rock wool (RW) on Chinese hamster lung cells V79. All samples induced cell mortality correlated well with the chemical SiO2 content of asbestos substitutes and the amount of dissolved Si. Alkali or alkaline earth metal elements relieved mortality of V79 cells; Al2O3 reinforced toxicity of materials. Asbestos substitutes generated lasting, increasing amount of acellular ·OH which formed at the fiber surface at sites with loose/unsaturated bonds, as well as by catalytic reaction through dissolved iron. Accumulated mechanical and radical stimulation induced the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, morphology change, and deviating trans-membrane ion flux. The cellular ROS appeared as NS > GF > CF ≈ CA > RW, consistent with cell mortality rather than with acellular ·OH generation. Chromosomal and DNA lesions in V79 cells were not directly associated with the cellular ROS, while influenced by dissolved high-valence irons in the co-culture medium. In conclusion, ions from short-time dissolution of dust samples and the generation of extracellular ·OH presented combined effects in the elevation of intracellular ROS, which further synergistically induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huo
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang, 621010, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Wei Ye
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Dongping Sun
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Öner D, Ghosh M, Moisse M, Duca RC, Coorens R, Vanoirbeek JAJ, Lambrechts D, Godderis L, Hoet PHM. Global and gene-specific DNA methylation effects of different asbestos fibres on human bronchial epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:301-311. [PMID: 29626692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation exposure to asbestos is associated with lung and pleural diseases in humans and remains a major public health issue worldwide. Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) were exposed to UICC amosite, crocidolite and chrysotile. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, global DNA methylation on cytosine residues (using LC-MS/MS) were investigated at different doses (2.5-100 μg/ml). Gene-specific DNA methylation alterations at the whole genome were investigated using a microarray that interrogates >450 thousand CpG sites. Subsequently, gene functional analyses (KEGG pathway, Gene Ontology and functional classification) were performed on genes with differentially methylated gene promoters. At non-cytotoxic doses, global DNA methylation was altered after 24 h exposure to amosite and crocidolite (>2.5 μg/ml). Exposure to amosite and crocidolite (amphibole type asbestos) induced both hypomethylation and hypermethylation at single CpG site and gene promoter levels whereas exposure to chrysotile (serpentine type asbestos) induced hypomethylation at the gene promoter level. Gene functional classification analyses revealed that all types of asbestos fibres induce alterations on GO-clusters i.e. on regulation of Rho-protein signal transduction, nucleus, (e.g. homeobox genes), ATP-binding function and extracellular region (e.g. WNT-group of genes). These differentially methylated genes might contribute to asbestos-related diseases in bronchial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öner
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory of Toxicology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory of Toxicology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- KU Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, Belgium; VIB, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Coorens
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory of Toxicology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen A J Vanoirbeek
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory of Toxicology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- KU Leuven, Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, Belgium; VIB, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Idewe, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter H M Hoet
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit of Environment and Health, Laboratory of Toxicology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Environmental and Health: The Importance of Tremolite Occurence in the Pollino Geopark (Southern Italy). GEOSCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8030098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Background Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer with poor outcome, associated with asbestos exposure. Reactive oxygen species may play an important role in the mechanism of carcinogenesis; therefore, genetic variability in antioxidative defence may modify an individual’s susceptibility to this cancer. This study investigated the influence of functional polymorphisms of NQO1, CAT, SOD2 and hOGG1 genes, gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions on malignant mesothelioma risk. Patients and methods In total, 150 cases with malignant mesothelioma and 122 controls with no asbestos-related disease were genotyped for NQO1, CAT, SOD2 and hOGG1 polymorphisms. Results The risk of malignant mesothelioma increased with smoking, odds ratio (OR) 9.30 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.83–17.98] and slightly with age, OR 1.10 (95% CI: 1.08–1.14). Medium and high asbestos exposures represented 7-times higher risk of malignant mesothelioma compared to low exposure, OR 7.05 (95% CI 3.59–13.83). NQO1 rs1800566 was significantly associated with increased malignant mesothelioma risk, OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.02–2.96). Although there was no independent association between either CAT rs1001179 or hOGG1 rs1052133 polymorphism and malignant mesothelioma, interaction between both polymorphisms showed a protective effect, ORint 0.27 (95% CI 0.10–0.77). Conclusions Our findings suggest a role of both genetic variability in antioxidative defence and repair as well as the impact of gene-gene interactions in the development of malignant mesothelioma. The results of this study could add to our understanding of pathogenesis of malignant mesothelioma and contribute to prevention and earlier diagnosis of this aggressive cancer.
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Damby DE, Horwell CJ, Baxter PJ, Kueppers U, Schnurr M, Dingwell DB, Duewell P. Volcanic Ash Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Murine and Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2018; 8:2000. [PMID: 29403480 PMCID: PMC5786523 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Volcanic ash is a heterogeneous mineral dust that is typically composed of a mixture of amorphous (glass) and crystalline (mineral) fragments. It commonly contains an abundance of the crystalline silica (SiO2) polymorph cristobalite. Inhalation of crystalline silica can induce inflammation by stimulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, a cytosolic receptor complex that plays a critical role in driving inflammatory immune responses. Ingested material results in the assembly of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 with subsequent secretion of the interleukin-1 family cytokine IL-1β. Previous toxicology work suggests that cristobalite-bearing volcanic ash is minimally reactive, calling into question the reactivity of volcanically derived crystalline silica, in general. In this study, we target the NLRP3 inflammasome as a crystalline silica responsive element to clarify volcanic cristobalite reactivity. We expose immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages of genetically engineered mice and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to ash from the Soufrière Hills volcano as well as representative, pure-phase samples of its primary componentry (volcanic glass, feldspar, cristobalite) and measure NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We demonstrate that respirable Soufrière Hills volcanic ash induces the activation of caspase-1 with subsequent release of mature IL-1β in a NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner. Macrophages deficient in NLRP3 inflammasome components are incapable of secreting IL-1β in response to volcanic ash ingestion. Cellular uptake induces lysosomal destabilization involving cysteine proteases. Furthermore, the response involves activation of mitochondrial stress pathways leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Considering ash componentry, cristobalite is the most reactive pure-phase with other components inducing only low-level IL-1β secretion. Inflammasome activation mediated by inhaled ash and its potential relevance in chronic pulmonary disease was further evidenced in PBMC using the NLRP3 small-molecule inhibitor CP-456,773 (CRID3, MCC950). Our data indicate the functional activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by volcanic ash in murine and human macrophages in vitro. Cristobalite is identified as the apparent driver, thereby contesting previous assertions that chemical and structural imperfections may be sufficient to abrogate the reactivity of volcanically derived cristobalite. This is a novel mechanism for the stimulation of a pro-inflammatory response by volcanic particulate and provides new insight regarding chronic exposure to environmentally occurring particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Damby
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany.,Volcano Science Center, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, Unites States
| | - Claire J Horwell
- Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Baxter
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Kueppers
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Max Schnurr
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Donald B Dingwell
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Duewell
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Mohanty SK, Gonneau C, Salamatipour A, Pietrofesa RA, Casper B, Christofidou-Solomidou M, Willenbring JK. Siderophore-mediated iron removal from chrysotile: Implications for asbestos toxicity reduction and bioremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 341:290-296. [PMID: 28797944 PMCID: PMC5771417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos fibers are highly toxic (Group 1 carcinogen) due to their high aspect ratio, durability, and the presence of iron. In nature, plants, fungi, and microorganisms release exudates, which can alter the physical and chemical properties of soil minerals including asbestos minerals. We examined whether exudates from bacteria and fungi at environmentally relevant concentrations can alter chrysotile, the most widely used asbestos mineral, and lower its toxicity. We monitored the release of iron from chrysotile in the presence of organic acid ligands and iron-specific siderophores derived from bacteria and fungi and measured any change in fiber toxicity toward peritoneal macrophages harvested from mice. Both fungal and bacterial siderophores increased the removal of iron from asbestos fibers. In contrast, organic acid ligands at environmentally relevant concentrations neither released iron from fibers nor helped in siderophore-mediated iron removal. Removal of plant-available or exchangeable iron did not diminish iron dissolution by both types of siderophores, which indicates that siderophores can effectively remove structural iron from chrysotile fibers. Removal of iron by siderophore lowered the fiber toxicity; fungal siderophore appears to be more effective than bacterial siderophore in lowering the toxicity. These results indicate that prolonged exposure to siderophores, not organic acids, in the soil environment decreases asbestos fiber toxicity and possibly lowers the health risks. Thus, bioremediation should be explored as a viable strategy to manage asbestos-contaminated sites such as Brownfield sites, which are currently left untreated despite dangers to surrounding communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Mohanty
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Cedric Gonneau
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Ashkan Salamatipour
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Ralph A Pietrofesa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Brenda Casper
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Jane K Willenbring
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
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Cangiotti M, Salucci S, Battistelli M, Falcieri E, Mattioli M, Giordani M, Ottaviani MF. EPR, TEM and cell viability study of asbestiform zeolite fibers in cell media. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 161:147-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Andreozzi GB, Pacella A, Corazzari I, Tomatis M, Turci F. Surface reactivity of amphibole asbestos: a comparison between crocidolite and tremolite. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14696. [PMID: 29089634 PMCID: PMC5665974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Among asbestos minerals, fibrous riebeckite (crocidolite) and tremolite share the amphibole structure but largely differ in terms of their iron content and oxidation state. In asbestos toxicology, iron-generated free radicals are largely held as one of the causes of asbestos malignant effect. With the aim of clarifying i) the relationship between Fe occurrence and asbestos surface reactivity, and ii) how free-radical generation is modulated by surface modifications of the minerals, UICC crocidolite and fibrous tremolite from Maryland were leached from 1 day to 1 month in an oxidative medium buffered at pH 7.4 to induce redox alterations and surface rearrangements that may occur in body fluids. Structural and chemical modifications and free radical generation were monitored by HR-TEM/EDS and spin trapping/EPR spectroscopy, respectively. Free radical yield resulted to be dependent on few specific Fe2+ and Fe3+ surface sites rather than total Fe content. The evolution of reactivity with time highlighted that low-coordinated Fe ions primarily contribute to the overall reactivity of the fibre. Current findings contribute to explain the causes of the severe asbestos-induced oxidative stress at molecular level also for iron-poor amphiboles, and demonstrate that asbestos have a sustained surface radical activity even when highly altered by oxidative leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni B Andreozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- CNR-IGG, U.O. Roma, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pacella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Ingrid Corazzari
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Maura Tomatis
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Turci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy.
- "G. Scansetti" Interdepartmental Centre for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125, Torino, Italy.
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Yahaya ES, Cordier W, Steenkamp PA, Steenkamp V. Attenuation of oxidative stress and artificial wound closure in C2C12 myoblasts induced by sequential extracts of Boerhavia diffusa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 70:111-123. [PMID: 29023794 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Whole plants of Boerhavia diffusa L. are widely used medicine in Ghana and other tropical countries, for the treatment of wounds and other ailments. The aim of the study was to determine the ability of sequential extracts of B. diffusa to influence oxidation and wound closure in myoblast cells in vitro. METHODS Sequential extracts were prepared from the whole plant using four solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water). Cytotoxicity was determined using the sulforhodamine B staining assay, phase-contrast microscopy, plasDIC microscopy and live-dead staining. Extracts were tested for their ability to reduce 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidation and mediate cell migration after artificial wound generation in C2C12 myoblast cells using the scratch wound assay. KEY FINDINGS All extracts indicated negligible cytotoxicity (IC50 > 100 μg/ml), and microscopic evaluation showed no difference from negative controls. AAPH induced a 2.87-fold increase in reactive oxygen species compared to the negative control. Pretreatment with 100 μg/ml of the extracts reduced AAPH-induced oxidation to 1.70-fold of the untreated controls (P < 0.001). Wound closures in the methanol and water extract treatments were 18.08% and 20.76% higher than the negative control, respectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the hexane, methanol and water extracts of B. diffusa whole plant promote artificial wound healing and protection against oxidation in vitro and therefore warrant further research into its mechanisms of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewura Seidu Yahaya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Werner Cordier
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Paul Anton Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Vanessa Steenkamp
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Padmore T, Stark C, Turkevich LA, Champion JA. Quantitative analysis of the role of fiber length on phagocytosis and inflammatory response by alveolar macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:58-67. [PMID: 27784615 PMCID: PMC5228597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the lung, macrophages attempt to engulf inhaled high aspect ratio pathogenic materials, secreting inflammatory molecules in the process. The inability of macrophages to remove these materials leads to chronic inflammation and disease. How the biophysical and biochemical mechanisms of these effects are influenced by fiber length remains undetermined. This study evaluates the role of fiber length on phagocytosis and molecular inflammatory responses to non-cytotoxic fibers, enabling development of quantitative length-based models. METHODS Murine alveolar macrophages were exposed to short and long populations of JM-100 glass fibers, produced by successive sedimentation and repeated crushing, respectively. Interactions between fibers and macrophages were observed using time-lapse video microscopy, and quantified by flow cytometry. Inflammatory biomolecules (TNF-α, IL-1α, COX-2, PGE2) were measured. RESULTS Uptake of short fibers occurred more readily than for long, but long fibers were more potent stimulators of inflammatory molecules. Stimulation resulted in dose-dependent secretion of inflammatory biomolecules but no cytotoxicity or strong ROS production. Linear cytokine dose-response curves evaluated with length-dependent potency models, using measured fiber length distributions, resulted in identification of critical fiber lengths that cause frustrated phagocytosis and increased inflammatory biomolecule production. CONCLUSION Short fibers played a minor role in the inflammatory response compared to long fibers. The critical lengths at which frustrated phagocytosis occurs can be quantified by fitting dose-response curves to fiber distribution data. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The single physical parameter of length can be used to directly assess the contributions of length against other physicochemical fiber properties to disease endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy Padmore
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
| | - Carahline Stark
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
| | | | - Julie A Champion
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States.
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Högman M, Lehtimäki L, Dinh-Xuan AT. Utilising exhaled nitric oxide information to enhance diagnosis and therapy of respiratory disease - current evidence for clinical practice and proposals to improve the methodology. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 11:101-109. [PMID: 28076986 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1281746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A non-invasive tool to diagnose respiratory diseases and to follow treatment has long been looked-for. Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a promising marker of inflammation in asthma but nearly 25-years of research has shown that it works in only certain endotypes of asthma. The modelling of NO dynamics of the lung can give more information than a single FENO value. Areas covered: The estimation of the NO production in the conducting airways and in the gas exchange area has given new insight of the NO production in diseases beyond asthma. In this article, we discuss the importance of methodology for NO measurement in the exhaled breath and the indication of applying this technique to detect respiratory disorders. This narrative review is an attempt to examine and discuss the physiological basis underlying exhaled NO measurements and the clinical evidence of the usefulness of this method in asthma and various other respiratory disorders. Expert commentary: Estimation of the NO parameters would aid in our understanding of the NO dynamics of the lung and thereby give more knowledge how to interpret the measured FENO value in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieann Högman
- a Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- Allergy- and Sleep Research , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Lauri Lehtimäki
- b Allergy Centre , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.,c Medical School , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan
- d Department of Respiratory Physiology , Cochin Hospital & Paris Descartes University , Paris , France
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