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Boccardi V, Marano L. Improving geriatric outcomes through nutritional and immunonutritional strategies: Focus on surgical setting by a comprehensive evidence review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102272. [PMID: 38492809 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The aging population worldwide has led to an increased request for surgical interventions in older, geriatric, and frail patients. However, all the physiological changes related to aging are associated with many challenges in the perioperative period, strongly impacting surgical outcomes. Nutritional status plays a pivotal role in determining the resilience of older adults to surgical stress and their ability to recover postoperatively. It is well known that malnutrition, a prevalent concern in geriatrics, is linked to increased adverse outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. Recognizing the significance of preoperative nutritional screening, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and monitoring is essential for optimizing surgical outcomes. In this context, immunonutrition, which involves the supplementation of specific nutrients to modulate immune responses, emerges as a promising strategy to mitigate the increased inflammatory response observed in geriatric surgical patients. This study reviews current literature on the impact of nutrition and immunonutrition on surgical outcomes in geriatrics, highlighting the potential benefits in terms of reduced complications, enhanced wound healing, and shortened hospital stays. Recognizing and addressing the specific nutritional needs of older persons undergoing surgery is essential for promoting successful surgical outcomes and improving overall quality of life in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, Perugia 06132, Italy.
| | - Luigi Marano
- Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences-AMiSNS: Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych, 2 Lotnicza Street, Elbląg 82-300, Poland; Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, "Saint Wojciech" Hospital, "Nicolaus Copernicus" Health Center, Jana Pawła II 50, Gdańsk 80-462, Poland
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Pasri P, Rakngam S, Gérard N, Mermillod P, Khempaka S. Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103390. [PMID: 38194833 PMCID: PMC10792647 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a synthetic source (a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and L-carnitine) and phytogenic sources (a combination of clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) in overcoming heat stress (HS) damage in female breeder hens on production, blood chemistry, sperm survival in the oviduct, antioxidant properties, gene expression, and quality of offspring. One hundred SUT female breeder hens were housed in individual cages and divided into 4 treatment groups: T1) basal diets in the thermoneutral (TN) zone; T2) basal diets under HS; 3) basal diets with synthetic antioxidants under HS; and T4) basal diets with phytochemical antioxidants under HS. The result revealed that HS condition had a negative effect on reducing final body weight, egg weight, and 1-day-old chick weight while increasing water intake and FCR and altered blood chemicals in breeder hens compared to TN breeder hens (P < 0.05). However, either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants resulted in increased egg production and hatchability, while decreasing the number of late stages of embryo death during the incubation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the synthetic antioxidants also improved the uniformity of chicks and reduced late-stage embryo death compared with phytogenic antioxidants (P < 0.05). HS breeder hens fed with either of the antioxidant sources exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (in yolk, liver, and breast meat) and FRAP radical scavenging (in yolk and liver) and lower liver malondialdehyde than HS breeder hens fed with the control diet (P < 0.05). Additionally, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver was upregulated, whereas the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor-κB) and heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) was downregulated in breeder hens that received both antioxidant sources (P < 0.05). Future investigations should focus on the potential for combinations of synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants in diets for HS breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phocharapon Pasri
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sitthipong Rakngam
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nadine Gérard
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sutisa Khempaka
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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Okulicz M, Hertig I, Król E, Szkudelski T. Effects of Allyl Isothiocyanate on Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175568. [PMID: 36080332 PMCID: PMC9457932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. Currently, there is a growing need to exploit plant-derived bioactive compounds to support conventional therapies. The purpose of this study was to explore allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) potency in reducing oxidative and inflammatory stress along with its profitable modulation trace element status in pathological conditions such as diabetes. Two weeks of oral AITC treatments (2.5, 5, and 25 mg/kg body weight per day) were evaluated in Wistar rats with diabetes induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The study included AITC influence on antioxidant factors (SOD, CAT, GST, Nrf2), stress and inflammatory markers (cortisol, CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, NF-κB), lipid peroxidation indices (TBARS, -SH groups), and trace element status (Fe, Zn, and Cu) in the detoxification and lymphoid organs. Independently of dose, AITC increased cortisol levels in rat blood serum and decreased total thiol groups (T-SH) and protein-bound thiol groups (PB-SH) collaterally with raised thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in diabetic rat liver. The inflammation and oxidative effects were enhanced by an AITC dose increase. The highest dose of AITC, 25 mg/kg b.w., strongly affected the inflammation process by increasing IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα in the blood serum, and it upregulated Nrf2 transcription factor with increased SOD, GPx, and GST activities in the liver. AITC showed an equivocal effect on profitable modulation of disturbances in mineral homeostasis in the liver, kidney, and spleen. Our findings revealed that two-week AITC treatment exacerbated oxidative and inflammation status in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Okulicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-8487196
| | - Iwona Hertig
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Król
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szkudelski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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4
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Aranaz M, Costas-Rodríguez M, Lobo L, García M, González-Iglesias H, Pereiro R, Vanhaecke F. Homeostatic alterations related to total antioxidant capacity, elemental concentrations and isotopic compositions in aqueous humor of glaucoma patients. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:515-524. [PMID: 34173037 PMCID: PMC8748375 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disease, characterized by progressive optic neurodegeneration. Elevation of the intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma and is a consequence of an imbalance in the aqueous humor hydrodynamics, the physiology of which is influenced by the homeostatic equilibrium of essential elements, oxidative stress, and antioxidants. The aim of this work was to study local alterations in glaucomatous patients from two different, but connected, points of view: (i) the total antioxidant capacity (as an indicator of oxidative damage) and (ii) the concentration of mineral elements and their isotopic composition. Such objective was pursued using aqueous humor from patients diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG, n = 17) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, n = 5) and age-matched control subjects (n = 16). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was examined in both aqueous humor and 60 serum samples (n = 20 controls, n = 20 for PEXG, and n = 20 for POAG), both showing higher TAC for the glaucoma population. The concentrations of the essential mineral elements (Cu, Fe, Mg, Na, P, and Zn) and the isotopic compositions of Cu and Zn were determined in aqueous humor using single-collector and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry, respectively. Significant differences were established for Mg and P levels when comparing the results for glaucomatous patients with those for the control population (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 for Mg and P respectively, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis). The Zn isotopic composition was significantly shifted from that for the control population for PEXG patients. A significant difference in the isotopic composition of Zn was also established between the PEXG and POAG glaucoma cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Aranaz
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Costas-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lara Lobo
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Montserrat García
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avda. Fernández-Vega 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Avda. Fernández-Vega 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avda. Fernández-Vega 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Avda. Fernández-Vega 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosario Pereiro
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Avda. Fernández-Vega 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Oxidative stress markers in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: advanced oxidation protein products and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in relation to disease severity. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:74-80. [PMID: 31216566 PMCID: PMC7223063 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed oxidant-antioxidant status and evaluated the role of lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage, and protein oxidation in the development and severity of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS Forty preterm neonates with RDS were compared with another 40 preterm neonates without RDS enrolled as controls. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and trace elements (copper and zinc) were measured in cord blood (day 0) for all neonates and repeated on day 3 for the RDS group. RESULTS Day 0 serum levels of MDA, AOPPs, and 8-OHdG were significantly higher in neonates with RDS than controls with a further increase on day 3. Days 0 and 3 levels of TAC, copper, and zinc were significantly lower in the RDS group compared with controls. Elevated serum levels of 8-OHdG and AOPPs were associated with severe RDS, invasive mechanical ventilation, and high mortality rate. 8-OHdG and AOPPs were positively correlated with MDA, oxygenation index, duration of ventilation, and duration of hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Increased lipid, protein, and DNA oxidation is accompanied by alterations in the antioxidant defense status, which may play a role in the pathogenesis and severity of RDS.
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Amiri M, Shabani AMH, Dadfarnia S, Sadjadi S. Simultaneous Functionalization and Reduction of Magnetic Graphene Oxide by L-Histidine and its Application for Magnetic Separation/Preconcentration of Antioxidant Trace Elements. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 190:262-272. [PMID: 30343481 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, for the first time, the magnetic graphene oxide was simultaneously functionalized and reduced with the aim of imidazole-based L-histidine amino acid (rGO/Fe3O4-histidine). The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The synthesized rGO/Fe3O4-histidine nanosheets were implied for solid phase extraction of ultra-trace amounts of Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+ from biological samples prior to ICP-OES determination. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration ranges of 0.4-182.0, 0.4-215.0, and 0.2-168.5 μg L-1 for Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+, respectively. The limits of detection were 0.12, 0.10, and 0.04 μg L-1 for Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) at 50.0 μg L-1 for single-sorbent repeatability and sorbent-to-sorbent reproducibility were less than 6.7 and 9.2% (n = 5), respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by the analysis of a serum quality control material (QCM, Seronorm™ Human Serum REF NO 203105) and hair certified reference material (CRM, Human Hair IAEA-086).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Yazd University, Safaieh, Yazd, 89195-741, Iran
| | | | | | - Sodeh Sadjadi
- Material and Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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El-Farrash RA, El-Shimy MS, Tawfik S, Nada AS, Salem DAD, M Gallo MS, Abd-Elmohsen EW. Effect of phototherapy on oxidant/antioxidant status: a randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:179-186. [PMID: 30458636 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1549364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of different types of phototherapy on oxidant/antioxidant status in hyperbilirubinemic neonates, an interventional randomized control trial was conducted on 120 neonates ≥35 weeks' gestational age with indirect hyperbilirubinemia reaching phototherapy level. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03074292. Neonates were assigned to three groups; 40 neonates received conventional phototherapy, 40 received intensive phototherapy and 40 received blue light-emitting diodes (LED) phototherapy. Complete blood count (CBC), total serum bilirubin (TSB), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) levels were measured before and 24 hours after phototherapy. TSB decreased postphototherapy in all three groups (p < .05 for all), with significantly lower levels following intensive and LED phototherapy compared to conventional phototherapy (p < .05 for both). TAC decreased postphototherapy in the three groups (p < .05 for all). MDA and NO increased postphototherapy (p < .05 for all), with the intensive phototherapy group having the highest levels followed by the conventional while LED phototherapy group showed the lowest levels in comparison to the other groups (p < .05). Cu, Zn and Fe increased postphototherapy in all three groups (p < .05 for all). Positive correlations were found between postphototherapy TSB with TAC, Cu and Zn (p < .05) and negative correlations with MDA, NO and Fe (p < .05) among neonates of the 3 studied groups. In conclusion, different photo therapies have an impact on oxidant/antioxidant balance and are associated with increased oxidative stress markers with the LED phototherapy being the safest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania A El-Farrash
- a Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohammed S El-Shimy
- a Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Sameh Tawfik
- b Pediatrics Department , Military Medical Academy , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Nada
- c Drug Radiation Research Department , National Center for Radiation Research Technology, Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Dalia A D Salem
- d Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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Omidi A, Jafari R, Nazifi S, Parker MO. Potential role for selenium in the pathophysiology of crib-biting behavior in horses. J Vet Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Puppel K, Kapusta A, Kuczyńska B. The etiology of oxidative stress in the various species of animals, a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:2179-2184. [PMID: 25418967 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the consequence of an imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants leading to cell damage and tissue injury. The exhaustion of antioxidant systems is one of the reasons for the occurrence of oxidative stress, which results in avalanche production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals. High oxidative stress is common in organs and tissues with high metabolic and energy demands, including skeletal and heart muscle, liver and blood cells. Stress arises in animals in response to unavoidable or adverse environmental conditions. In the external environment, which affects the body of the cow, there are four main groups of stressors: physical, chemical, biological and psychological. Physical stressors include fluctuations in ambient temperature as well as mechanical injuries. High ambient temperature is one of the factors affecting the productivity of cows. Biological stressors are conditioned by errors and irregularities in habits. Both of these phenomena have an adverse impact on both the resistance of animals and fertility and are the etiological agent of oxidative stress. Various mechanisms may be responsible for metal-induced oxidative stress: direct or indirect generation of ROS, depletion of glutathione and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes are well known for all redox-active and redox-inactive metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Puppel
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kapusta
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kuczyńska
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
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Song Y, Zhang J, Yu S, Wang T, Cui X, Du X, Jia G. Effects of chronic chromium(vi) exposure on blood element homeostasis: an epidemiological study. Metallomics 2012; 4:463-72. [PMID: 22522219 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One hundred chromate production workers chronically exposed to low-level of hexavalent chromium [Cr(vi)] and eighty healthy individuals free from Cr exposure were recruited to the study. Personal sampling of airborne Cr was conducted and Cr content was quantified by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). At the end of the sampling shift, blood samples were collected and element concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Cr, Cd, Cu, Mo and Se and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for Ca, Fe, Mg and Zn. According to our results, 90% of the chromate production workers were exposed to airborne Cr in a concentration lower than 50 μg m(-3), which is the threshold limit value recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and Chinese Ministry of Health. After Cr(vi) exposure, a significant increase in blood Cr, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mo, Se and Zn concentrations was observed, as well as a significant decrease in Ca concentration. A decrease in blood Cu was only observed among female workers. Blood Cr concentrations of the exposed workers (median = 15.68 ng mL(-1)) was four times higher than that of the controls (median = 3.03 ng mL(-1)), and significantly correlated with airborne Cr (r = 0.568, P<0.001). In addition, the inter-element correlations exhibited significant differences between the two groups. Our findings of the related health effects suggested that the underlying mechanisms of chronic Cr(vi) exposure on blood element homeostasis might be partly explained by oxidative stress in the body, dysfunction of Fe metabolism and renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuang Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P R China
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Matos C, Moutinho C, Balcão V, Almeida C, Ribeiro M, Marques AF, Guerra A. Total antioxidant activity and trace elements in human milk: the first 4 months of breast-feeding. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-009-1157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Rakić S, Povrenović D, Tešević V, Simić M, Maletić R. Oak acorn, polyphenols and antioxidant activity in functional food. J FOOD ENG 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Ferrari CKB, Torres EAFS. Biochemical pharmacology of functional foods and prevention of chronic diseases of aging. Biomed Pharmacother 2003; 57:251-60. [PMID: 12888262 DOI: 10.1016/s0753-3322(03)00032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The major mechanisms and consequences of free radicals in foods and biological systems that result in the occurrence of chronic diseases of aging (atherosclerosis, cataract, cancers, diabetes, neurological diseases, immune-inflammatory disorders) are described. The main antioxidant defense mechanisms from foods and cells and tissues are also reported. Many nutraceutical substances, with their respective beneficial actions (antioxidant, detoxifying, apoptotic actions) and effects, and most common food sources are also described. There are many options of foods to prevent cancer and chronic diseases, to improve life's quality in maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K B Ferrari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av Dr Arnaldo, 715-2 degrees andar, BR 01246-904, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Wingertzahn MA, Rehman KU, Altaf W, Wapnir RA. Zinc as a potential enteroprotector in oral rehydration solutions: its role in nitric oxide metabolism. Pediatr Res 2003; 53:434-9. [PMID: 12595591 DOI: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000049465.73687.4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zinc has been recognized as an antioxidant with potential for chronic and acute effects. Oxidative damage produced by free radicals, including nitric oxide (NO), is responsible for certain types of intestinal malabsorption syndromes and diarrhea. Under physiologic or mildly stimulatory conditions for NO synthesis, the small intestine characteristically is in a proabsorptive state; however, an excessive production of NO triggers formation of cyclic nucleotides, which cause secretion and malabsorption. In this study, we hypothesized that low-molecular-weight, soluble zinc chelates could modulate the effects of induced NO excess on the small intestine. In vitro experiments demonstrated that zinc-citrate or zinc-histidine at > or =0.66 mM, as well as a known NO scavenger, 2-[carboxyphenyl]-4,4,4,4-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, at 2 microM, were effective at removing chemically generated NO. In vivo jejunal perfusions, conducted in healthy rats under anesthesia, showed that c-PTIO reduced the proabsorptive effects produced by 1 mM L-arginine, the precursor of NO. In a standard oral rehydration solution, 1 mM zinc-citrate partially reversed the antiabsorptive effects on potassium caused by an excess of NO generated from 20 mM L-arginine but did not alter sodium or water absorption. The data are consistent with the view that soluble zinc compounds incorporated into an oral rehydration solution may deserve further attention as a means to scavenge NO with fluids used for the treatment of chronic or acute diarrhea, especially in malnourished children who are often zinc deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Wingertzahn
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Schneider Children's Hospital at North Shore, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System and New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Abstract
Recent clinical and experimental findings have reinforced the link among zinc deficiency, malnutrition and diarrheal disease. Because there is a strong association between protein and zinc content in virtually all types of foods, insufficient protein intake may often be the cause of zinc deficiency. Compensatory mechanisms operating in monogastric species during malnutrition are less effective for the absorption of transition divalent elements such as zinc, which remain bound to ligands of dietary or endogenous origin. Both protein and zinc deficiencies are strong negative determinants for normal cellular immunity. In zinc deficiency, the organism is more susceptible to toxin-producing bacteria or enteroviral pathogens that activate guanylate and adenylate cyclases, stimulating chloride secretion, producing diarrhea and diminishing absorption of nutrients, thus exacerbating an already compromised mineral status. In addition, zinc deficiency may impair the absorption of water and electrolytes, delaying the termination of normally self-limiting gastrointestinal disease episodes. The gastrointestinal tract may be one of the first target areas where zinc insufficiency may be manifested. A prolonged low zinc intake deprives the organism of the local potential beneficial effects of zinc, including interactions with oxidative free radicals and nitric oxide metabolism. Nitric oxide is a second messenger that plays an important part in the triggering of diarrheal disease. The possible interrelationship among infection, inflammation, free radical damage and its quenching by potential scavengers, such as zinc, in the intestinal lumen or within the enterocyte should be more extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Wapnir
- Department of Pediatrics, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System and New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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16
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Abstract
The protective role of antioxidants in experimental models of atherosclerosis is only partially confirmed by studies in man. Observational and epidemiologic data, as well as randomized trials failed to provide clear cut indications, because of mixed results on the protective role of antioxidants against cardiovascular diseases. In spite of the lack of a general consensus, recent data reinforce the concept that a regular intake of antioxidants present in food limits the progression of atherosclerosis. When it will be possible to monitor the efficacy of any antioxidant therapy with validated markers of oxidation, the potential influence of vitamins and antioxidants on coronary artery disease may eventually be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Catapano
- Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milan, Italy
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17
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Abstract
Data on the protective role of antioxidants in models of atherosclerosis are only partially confirmed in man. Observational and epidemiological data, as well as randomized trials, provide no clear cut indications, because of positive and disappointing results on the use of antioxidants in cardiovascular protection. Despite the lack of a general consensus, recent data reinforce the concept that the regular intake of antioxidants present in food limits the progression of atherosclerosis. When it is possible to monitor the efficacy of any antioxidant therapy with validated markers of oxidation, the potential influence of vitamins and antioxidants on coronary artery disease may eventually be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Faggiotto
- Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
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