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Downie CG, Highland HM, Alotaibi M, Welch BM, Howard AG, Cheng S, Miller N, Jain M, Kaplan RC, Lilly AG, Long T, Sofer T, Thyagarajan B, Yu B, North KE, Avery CL. Genome-wide association study reveals shared and distinct genetic architecture underlying fatty acid and bioactive oxylipin metabolites in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.21.24307719. [PMID: 38826448 PMCID: PMC11142272 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.24307719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive fatty acid-derived oxylipin molecules play key roles in mediating inflammation and oxidative stress, which underlie many chronic diseases. Circulating levels of fatty acids and oxylipins are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors; characterizing the genetic architecture of bioactive lipids could yield new insights into underlying biological pathways. Thus, we performed a genome wide association study (GWAS) of n=81 fatty acids and oxylipins in n=11,584 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants with genetic and lipidomic data measured at study baseline (58.6% female, mean age = 46.1 years, standard deviation = 13.8 years). Additionally, given the effects of central obesity on inflammation, we examined interactions with waist circumference using two-degree-of-freedom joint tests. Heritability estimates ranged from 0% to 47.9%, and 48 of the 81oxylipins and fatty acids were significantly heritable. Moreover, 40 (49.4%) of the 81 oxylipins and fatty acids had at least one genome-wide significant (p< 6.94E-11) variant resulting in 19 independent genetic loci involved in fatty acid and oxylipin synthesis, as well as downstream pathways. Four loci (lead variant minor allele frequency [MAF] range: 0.08-0.50), including the desaturase-encoding FADS and the OATP1B1 transporter protein-encoding SLCO1B1, exhibited associations with four or more fatty acids and oxylipins. The majority of the 15 remaining loci (87.5%) (lead variant MAF range = 0.03-0.45, mean = 0.23) were only associated with one oxylipin or fatty acid, demonstrating evidence of distinct genetic effects. Finally, while most loci identified in two-degree-of-freedom tests were previously identified in our main effects analyses, we also identified an additional rare variant (MAF = 0.002) near CARS2, a locus previously implicated in inflammation. Our analyses revealed shared and distinct genetic architecture underlying fatty acids and oxylipins, providing insights into genetic factors and motivating future multi-omics work to characterize these compounds and elucidate their roles in disease pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G Downie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Heather M Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Barrett M Welch
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Mohit Jain
- Sapient Bioanalytics, San Diego, CA
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchison Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Adam G Lilly
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Tao Long
- Sapient Bioanalytics, San Diego, CA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122735. [PMID: 36560739 PMCID: PMC9782691 DOI: 10.3390/v14122735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been identified as receptors or attachment factors of several viral pathogens. Among rotaviruses, HBGAs interact with the outer viral protein, VP4, which has been identified as a potential susceptibility factor, although the findings are inconsistent throughout populations due to HBGA polymorphisms. We investigated the association between HBGA phenotypes and rotavirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in northern Pretoria, South Africa. METHODS Paired diarrheal stool and saliva samples were collected from children aged ≤ 59 months (n = 342) with acute moderate to severe diarrhea, attending two health care facilities. Rotaviruses in the stool samples were detected by commercial EIA and the rotavirus strains were characterized by RT-PCR targeting the outer capsid VP7 (G-type) and VP4 (P-type) antigens for genotyping. Saliva-based ELISAs were performed to determine A, B, H, and Lewis antigens for blood group typing. RESULTS Blood type O was the most common blood group (62.5%) in this population, followed by groups A (26.0%), B (9.3%), and AB (2.2%). The H1-based secretors were common (82.7%) compared to the non-secretors (17.3%), and the Lewis antigen positive phenotypes (Le(a+b+)) were predominant (54.5%). Blood type A children were more likely to be infected by rotavirus (38.8%) than any other blood types. P[4] rotaviruses (21/49; 42.9%) infected only secretor individuals, whereas P[6] rotaviruses (3/49; 6.1%) only infected Le(a-b-), although the numbers were very low. On the contrary, P[8] rotaviruses infected children with a wide range of blood group phenotypes, including Le(a-b-) and non-secretors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that Lewis antigens, or the lack thereof, may serve as susceptibility factors to rotaviral infection by specific VP4 genotypes as observed elsewhere. Potentially, the P[8] strains remain the predominant human VP4 genotype due to their ability to bind to a variety of HBGA phenotypes.
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Fluorescence Melting Curve Analysis for Concurrent Genotyping of Three Tag SNPs in FUT3. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123039. [PMID: 36553046 PMCID: PMC9777090 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of Lewis blood group antigens is governed by two fucosyltransferase genes, FUT2 and FUT3. Evidence is accumulating to suggest that functional polymorphisms of FUT2 and FUT3 are associated with a variety of clinical conditions. Fluorescence melting curve analysis (FMCA), using three different dual-labeled probes for concurrent genotyping of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FUT3, c.59T>G, c.314C>T, and c.484G>A for Lewis-negative allele inference, was developed and validated using Ghanaian and Caucasian subjects. Although two other SNPs, c.55G>A, and c.61C>T, are located in the probe sequence for c.59T>G, it seems feasible to detect these two SNPs along with c.59T>G. The results obtained by probe-based FMCA were in perfect accordance with those obtained by Sanger sequencing for 106 Ghanaians and 100 Caucasians. The present method is useful and reliable for estimating Lewis-negative alleles on a relatively large scale.
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Saikia K, Saharia N, Singh CS, Borah PP, Namsa ND. Association of histo-blood group antigens and predisposition to gastrointestinal diseases. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5149-5162. [PMID: 35882942 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious gastroenteritis is a common illness afflicting people worldwide. The two most common etiological agents of viral gastroenteritis, rotavirus and norovirus are known to recognize histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as attachment receptors. ABO, Lewis, and secretor HBGAs are distributed abundantly on mucosal epithelia, red blood cell membranes, and also secreted in biological fluids, such as saliva, intestinal content, milk, and blood. HBGAs are fucosylated glycans that have been implicated in the attachment of some enteric pathogens such as bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes encoding ABO (H), fucosyltransferase gene FUT2 (Secretor/Se), FUT3 (Lewis/Le) have been associated with changes in enzyme expression and HBGAs production. The highly polymorphic HBGAs among different populations and races influence genotype-specific susceptibility or resistance to enteric pathogens and its epidemiology, and vaccination seroconversion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct population-based investigations to understand predisposition to enteric infections and gastrointestinal diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between HBGAs and predisposition to common human gastrointestinal illnesses caused by viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Saikia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
| | - Niruprabha Saharia
- Department of Paediatrics, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Bihaguri, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Chongtham S Singh
- Department of Paediatrics, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, India
| | - Partha P Borah
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Pratiksha Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Nima D Namsa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India.,Centre for Multi-disciplinary Research, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
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Association of human milk oligosaccharides and nutritional status of young infants among Bangladeshi mother-infant dyads. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9456. [PMID: 35676397 PMCID: PMC9177541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) support the development of a healthy gut microbiome and the growth of infants. We aimed to determine the association of different HMOs with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among Bangladeshi young infants. This study was nested within a single-blind, randomized, pilot clinical trial (NCT0366657). A total of 45 breastmilk samples from mothers of < 6 months old infants who had SAM (n = 26) or were non-malnourished (n = 19) and were analyzed for constituent HMOs. Of the infants with SAM, 14 (53.85%) had secretor mothers, and 11 (57.89%) of the non-malnourished infants had secretor mothers. A one-unit increase in the relative abundance of sialylated HMOs was associated with higher odds of SAM in age and sex adjusted model (aOR = 2.00, 90% CI 1.30, 3.06), in age, sex, and secretor status adjusted model (aOR = 1.96, 90% CI 1.29, 2.98), and also in age and sex adjusted model among non-secretor mothers (aOR = 2.86, 90% CI 1.07, 7.62). In adjusted models, there was no evidence of a statistically significant association between SAM and fucosylated or undecorated HMOs. Our study demonstrates that a higher relative abundance of sialylated HMOs in mothers’ breastmilk may have a negative impact on young infants’ nutritional status.
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Abstract
Histo-blood group antigen contains oligosaccharides that serve as receptors for norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus (RV). The receptors are only present on the surface of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells of secretors; therefore, secretors are susceptible to NoV and RV diarrhea and nonsecretors are resistant. The prevalence of secretors in different countries varies between 50% and 90%. Secretor rates evolved in response to environmental pressures such as infectious diseases.
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Williams JE, McGuire MK, Meehan CL, McGuire MA, Brooker SL, Kamau-Mbuthia EW, Kamundia EW, Mbugua S, Moore SE, Prentice AM, Otoo GE, Rodríguez JM, Pareja RG, Foster JA, Sellen DW, Kita DG, Neibergs HL, Murdoch BM. Key genetic variants associated with variation of milk oligosaccharides from diverse human populations. Genomics 2021; 113:1867-1875. [PMID: 33831438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), the third most abundant component of human milk, are thought to be important contributors to infant health. Studies have provided evidence that geography, stage of lactation, and Lewis and secretor blood groups are associated with HMO profile. However, little is known about how variation across the genome may influence HMO composition among women in various populations. In this study, we performed genome-wide association analyses of 395 women from 8 countries to identify genetic regions associated with 19 different HMO. Our data support FUT2 as the most significantly associated (P < 4.23-9 to P < 4.5-70) gene with seven HMO and provide evidence of balancing selection for FUT2. Although polymorphisms in FUT3 were also associated with variation in lacto-N-fucopentaose II and difucosyllacto-N-tetrose, we found little evidence of selection on FUT3. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of genome-wide association analyses on HMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Williams
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Michelle K McGuire
- Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Courtney L Meehan
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Mark A McGuire
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Sarah L Brooker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | | | | | - Samwel Mbugua
- Department of Human Nutrition, Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Gloria E Otoo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Dpto. of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - James A Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Daniel W Sellen
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Debela G Kita
- Department of Anthropology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Holly L Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Brenda M Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
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Farahmand M, Jalilvand S, Arashkia A, Izadi A, Forouzannia SM, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Shoja Z. Estimation of genetic variation in the Secretor and Lewis genes in Iranian hospitalized children. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 28:11-15. [PMID: 33301983 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Secretor (FUT2) and lewis gene (FUT3) are in charge of the construction of histo-blood group antigens, which act as a receptor for some Pathogenes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Iranian children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 102 blood samples collected from hospitalized children. The FUT2 gene region was amplified and sequenced to explore rs1047781 and rs601338, and the FUT3 gene region was amplified to explore rs28362459, rs812936, rs778986 SNPs. RESULTS In FUT2 gene, Se358,428 that produces Se phenotype with 63% (0.53 - 0.72) prevalence, was the most common genotype. For FUT3 gene Le59,202,314 with 80% prevalence was most common genotype (0.71 - 0.87). CONCLUSION This study genotyped Secretor and Lewis genes and designated SNPs' distinct distribution in Iran, and clarified at-risk groups for certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Izadi
- Department of Pediatric Infectious diseases, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Zabihollah Shoja
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang JX, Chen LN, Zhang CJ, Zhou HL, Zhang YH, Zhang XJ, Hao ZY, Qiu C, Ma JC, Zhao YL, Zhong W, Tan M, Jiang X, Wang SM, Wang XY. Genetic susceptibility to rotavirus infection in Chinese children: a population-based case-control study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:1803-1810. [PMID: 33295824 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1835121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children, while histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are believed to be host attachment and susceptibility factors of RVs. A large case-control study nested in a population-based diarrhea surveillance targeting children <5 y of age was performed in rural Hebei province, north China. Saliva and serum samples were collected from all participants to determine HBGA phenotyping, FUT2 mutations, and RV IgG antibody titers. A logistic model was employed to assess the association between host HBGA secretor status and risk of RV infection. Among 235 RV cases and 680 non-diarrhea controls studied, 82.4% of participants were IgG positive by an average age of 77 months. Out of the 235 RV cases, 216 (91.9%) were secretors, whereas the secretor rate was 76.3% in the non-diarrhea controls, resulted in an adjusted OR of 3.0 (95%CI: 1.9-4.7, P < .0001) between the two groups. Our population-based case-control study indicated a strong association between host HBGA secretor status and risk of RV infection in Chinese children. The high prevalence of Lewis-positive secretor status strongly suggests that Chinese children may be genetically susceptible to current co-circulating RV strains, and thus, a universal childhood immunization program against RV disease should be successful in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Chen
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Can-Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Jiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hao
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Qiu
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Chen Ma
- Vaccine Clinical Research Institute,Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Zhao
- Vaccine Clinical Research Institute,Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Zhong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, OH, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, OH, USA
| | - Song-Mei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Training Center of Medical Experiments, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Cantelli CP, Velloso AJ, Assis RMSD, Barros JJ, Mello FCDA, Cunha DCD, Brasil P, Nordgren J, Svensson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG, Moraes MTBD. Rotavirus A shedding and HBGA host genetic susceptibility in a birth community-cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014-2018. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6965. [PMID: 32332841 PMCID: PMC7181595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated whether the human histo-blood group antigen (HBGAs) could affect the effectiveness of the oral rotavirus vaccines, suggesting secretor positive individuals develop a more robust response. We investigated the Rotavirus A (RVA) shedding in association with the host susceptibility profile in children from a birth community-cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. A total of 132 children were followed-up between 0 to 11-month-old, stool samples were collected before/after the 1st/2nd RV1 vaccination doses and saliva samples were collected during the study. RVA shedding was screened by RT-qPCR and G/P genotypes determined by multiplex RT-PCR and/or Sanger nucleotide sequencing. The sequencing indicated an F167L amino acid change in the RV1 VP8* P[8] in 20.5% of shedding follow-ups and these mutant subpopulations were quantified by pyrosequencing. The HBGA/secretor status was determined and 80.3% of the children were secretors. Twenty-one FUT2 gene SNPs were identified and two new mutations were observed. The mutant F167L RV1 VP8* P[8] was detected significantly more in Le (a+b+) secretors (90.5%) compared to non-secretors and even to secretors Le (a-b+) (9.5%). The study highlights the probable association between RV1 shedding and HBGAs as a marker for evaluating vaccine strain host susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosane Maria Santos de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Júnior Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Cotrim da Cunha
- Sérgio Arouca National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Boniface K, Byars SG, Cowley D, Kirkwood CD, Bines JE. Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:1070-1078. [PMID: 31763671 PMCID: PMC7075413 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VP4 [P] genotype binding specificities of rotaviruses and differential expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) between populations may contribute to reduced efficacy against severe rotavirus disease. P[6]-based rotavirus vaccines could broaden protection in such settings, particularly in Africa, where the Lewis-negative phenotype and P[6] rotavirus strains are common. METHODS The association between HBGA status and G3P[6] rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) take was investigated in a phase 2A study of RV3-BB vaccine involving 46 individuals in Dunedin, New Zealand, during 2012-2014. FUT2 and FUT3 genotypes were determined from DNA extracted from stool specimens, and frequencies of positive cumulative vaccine take, defined as an RV3-BB serum immune response (either immunoglobulin A or serum neutralizing antibody) and/or stool excretion of the vaccine strain, stratified by HBGA status were determined. RESULTS RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take in 29 of 32 individuals (91%) who expressed a functional FUT2 enzyme (the secretor group), 13 of 13 (100%) who were FUT2 null (the nonsecretor group), and 1 of 1 with reduced FUT2 activity (i.e., a weak secretor); in 37 of 40 individuals (93%) who expressed a functional FUT3 enzyme (the Lewis-positive group) and 3 of 3 who were FUT3 null (the Lewis-negative group); and in 25 of 28 Lewis-positive secretors (89%), 12 of 12 Lewis-positive nonsecretors (100%), 2 of 2 Lewis-negative secretors, and 1 of 1 Lewis-negative weak secretor. CONCLUSIONS RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take irrespective of HBGA status. RV3-BB has the potential to provide an improved level of protection in settings where P[6] rotavirus disease is endemic, irrespective of the HBGA profile of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Boniface
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sean G Byars
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel Cowley
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carl D Kirkwood
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington
| | - Julie E Bines
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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12
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Matzhold EM, Wagner T, Drexler C, Schönbacher M, Körmöczi GF. Aberrant ABO B Phenotype with Irregular Anti-B Caused by a Para-Bombay FUT1 Mutation. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 47:94-97. [PMID: 32110200 DOI: 10.1159/000499724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Routine ABO blood group typing for pre-transfusion testing of a male Austrian patient of Far Eastern origin showed discrepant results with an apparently weak blood group B phenotype and irregular anti-B. Materials and Methods ABH phenotyping and cross-matching was done by standard serologic techniques and levels of H expression were determined by flow cytometry. ABO gene sequencing including regulatory regions as well as analysis of FUT1 (H), FUT2 (Secretor), and FUT3 (Lewis) were carried out. Results While monoclonal ABO antigen typing indicated blood group O, weak agglutination reactions using polyclonal human anti-B and anti-AB were seen. In reverse typing at room temperature, the plasma was reactive with A1 and A2 RBCs and negative with B and O cells, whereas at 4°C, anti-B reactivity was found. The indirect anti-globulin cross-match of the patient's plasma was positive with group B RBCs and negative with group O RBCs. Sequencing analysis showed the presence of ABO*B.01 (B114) allele and homozygosity for the FUT1 mutation c.551_552delAG. Flow cytometry demonstrated trace amounts of H antigen on the patient's RBCs. Conclusion While a functional B allele was found, analysis of FUT1 and FUT2 genes revealed the presence of a rare para-Bombay genotype O<sub>h</sub><sup>B</sup>. Interestingly, no anti-H but irregular anti-B was found in the patient's plasma, responsible for the positive cross-match with group B RBCs. Even though very rare and not reported for the European population, the presence of an H-deficient phenotype should be considered when investigating individuals with an unusual ABO blood group type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Matzhold
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Wagner
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Camilla Drexler
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlies Schönbacher
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther F Körmöczi
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Ye BD, Kim BM, Jung S, Lee HS, Hong M, Kim K, Moon JW, Baek J, Oh EH, Hwang SW, Park SH, Yang SK, Song K. Association of FUT2 and ABO with Crohn's disease in Koreans. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:104-109. [PMID: 31260595 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) at 19q13 is a well-established susceptibility locus for Crohn's disease (CD) in Caucasians. FUT2 encodes α-1,2-fucosyltransferase that regulates the secretion of the α-1-2-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and α-1-3-galactosyltransferase (ABO) antigens in both the gastrointestinal mucosa and secretory glands. Given that CD is thought to arise from dysregulated mucosal immune responses to the gut flora and both the ABO blood group and the FUT2 secretor status affect the composition of the gut microbiota, the goal of this study was to evaluate the associations of variants of FUT2 and ABO with CD in Koreans. METHODS Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the FUT2 and ABO genes were genotyped in 1735 patients with CD and 8074 healthy controls. RESULTS The FUT2 non-secretor allele showed genome-wide significant association with CD in Koreans (rs1047781, odds ratio [OR] = 1.30, Pcombined = 3.52 × 10-12 ). The ABO locus showed genome-wide significant association with CD in Asians (Pmeta = 2.35 × 10-8 ). A moderate association was observed with the A and B groups (OR = 1.40, P = 2.26 × 10-6 ; and OR = 1.32, P = 1.92 × 10-4 , respectively) compared with the O group. Following stratification on the basis of FUT2 genotype, carriers of the secretor O blood group were significantly protective against CD than were those of the secretor non-O blood group (OR = 0.63, 95% confidence interval = 0.54-0.73, P = 2.86 × 10-9 ). CONCLUSIONS These are the first results indicating that the O blood group and FUT2 secretor status are protective factors against CD in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong Duk Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Mok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seulgi Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Su Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myunghee Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Moon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Hwang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyoung Park
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Pollock L, Bennett A, Jere KC, Dube Q, Mandolo J, Bar-Zeev N, Heyderman RS, Cunliffe NA, Iturriza-Gomara M. Nonsecretor Histo-blood Group Antigen Phenotype Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Clinical Rotavirus Vaccine Failure in Malawian Infants. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 69:1313-1319. [PMID: 30561537 PMCID: PMC6763638 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) Lewis/secretor phenotypes predict genotype-specific susceptibility to rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). We tested the hypothesis that nonsecretor/Lewis-negative phenotype leads to reduced vaccine take and lower clinical protection following vaccination with G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine (RV1) in Malawian infants. METHODS A cohort study recruited infants receiving RV1 at age 6 and 10 weeks. HBGA phenotype was determined by salivary enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RV1 vaccine virus shedding was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in stool collected on alternate days for 10 days post-immunization. Plasma rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A was determined by ELISA pre- and post-immunization. In a case-control study, HBGA phenotype distribution was compared between RV1-vaccinated infants with RVGE and 1:1 age-matched community controls. Rotavirus genotype was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS In 202 cohort participants, neither overall vaccine virus fecal shedding nor seroconversion differed by HBGA phenotype. In 238 case-control infants, nonsecretor phenotype was less common in infants with clinical vaccine failure (odds ratio [OR], 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.75). Nonsecretor phenotype was less common in infants with P[8] RVGE (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.50) and P[4] RVGE (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.04-0.75). Lewis-negative phenotype was more common in infants with P[6] RVGE (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.4-7.2). CONCLUSIONS Nonsecretor phenotype was associated with reduced risk of rotavirus vaccine failure. There was no significant association between HBGA phenotype and vaccine take. These data refute the hypothesis that high prevalence of nonsecretor/Lewis-negative phenotypes contributes to lower rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in Malawi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Pollock
- Centre for Global Vaccine Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
| | - Aisleen Bennett
- Centre for Global Vaccine Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
| | - Khuzwayo C Jere
- Centre for Global Vaccine Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, University of Malawi, Blantyre
| | - Queen Dube
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre
| | - Jonathan Mandolo
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
| | - Naor Bar-Zeev
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
- International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert S Heyderman
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi, Blantyre
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel A Cunliffe
- Centre for Global Vaccine Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Miren Iturriza-Gomara
- Centre for Global Vaccine Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
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15
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de Moraes MTB, Olivares AIO, Fialho AM, Malta FC, da Silva E Mouta Junior S, de Souza Bispo R, Velloso AJ, Alves Leitão GA, Cantelli CP, Nordgren J, Svenson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG. Phenotyping of Lewis and secretor HBGA from saliva and detection of new FUT2 gene SNPs from young children from the Amazon presenting acute gastroenteritis and respiratory infection. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 70:61-66. [PMID: 30790699 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) are host genetic factors associated with susceptibility to rotavirus (RV) and human norovirus (HuNoV), the major etiological agents of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. The FUT2 gene expressing the alpha-1, 2-L- fucosyltransferase enzyme is important for gut HBGA expression, and also provides a composition of the phenotypic profile achieved through mutations occurring in populations with different evolutionary histories; as such, it can be considered a genetic population marker. In this study, Lewis and secretor HBGA phenotyping was performed using 352 saliva samples collected from children between three months and five years old born in the Amazon (Brazil, Venezuela and English Guyana) presenting AGE or acute respiratory infection (ARI), the latter considered as control samples. The total of children phenotyped as secretors was 323, corresponding to 91.80%. From these, 207 (58.80%) had a Le (a + b+) profile. The HBGA profiles were equally found in children with AGE as well as with ARI. The rs1047781 of the FUT2 gene was not detected in DNA from saliva cells with a Le (a+b+) profile. However, mutations not yet described in the FUT2 gene were observed: missense 325A>T, 501C>T, 585C>T, 855A>T and missense substitutions 327C>T [S (Ser) > C (Cys)], 446 T>C [L(Leu) > P(Pro)], 723C>A [N(Asn) > K(Lys)], 724A>T [I(Ile) > F(Phe)], 736C>A [H(His) > N(Asn)]. The SNP distribution in the FUT2 gene of the analyzed samples was very similar to that described in Asian populations, including indigenous tribes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Ignácio Olivares Olivares
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Madi Fialho
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Correia Malta
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio da Silva E Mouta Junior
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Romanul de Souza Bispo
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svenson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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16
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Piedade J, Nordgren J, Esteves F, Esteves A, Teodósio R, Svensson L, Istrate C. Molecular epidemiology and host genetics of norovirus and rotavirus infections in Portuguese elderly living in aged care homes. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1014-1021. [PMID: 30735247 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus group A (RVA) are major agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. This study aimed to investigate their epidemiological profile in Portuguese elderly living in long-term care facilities and to assess the host genetic factors mediating infection susceptibility. From November 2013 to June 2015, 636 faecal specimens from 169 elderly, mainly asymptomatic, living in nursing homes in Greater Lisbon and Faro district, Portugal, were collected. NoV and RVA were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and NoV genotyped by phylogenetic analysis. NoV detection rate was 7.1% (12 of 169). Three GI.3 and one GII.6 strains were genotyped. RVA detection rate was 3.6% (6 of 169), exclusively in asymptomatic individuals. Host genetic factors associated with infection susceptibility were described on 250 samples by saliva-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The Lewis-negative phenotype was 8.8% (22 of 250) and the rate of nonsecretors was 16.8% (42 of 250). Association to NoV and RVA infection was performed in the subgroup of individuals (n = 147) who delivered both faecal and saliva samples. The majority of NoV- and RVA-positive individuals (90.9% and 83.3%, respectively) were secretor-positive, with Lewis B phenotype. In a subset of individuals, FUT2 and FUT3 genes were genotyped to assess mutations and validate the secretor and Lewis phenotypes. All sequenced nonsecretors were homozygous for FUT2 nonsense mutation G428A. In this study, low detection rates of NoV and RVA infections were found during two winter seasons. However, even in the absence of any outbreak, the importance of finding these infections in a nonepidemic situation in long-term care facilities may have important implications for infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Piedade
- Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Virology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Aida Esteves
- Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rosa Teodósio
- Unidade de Clínica Tropical, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Virology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Claudia Istrate
- Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
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17
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Goto Y, Uematsu S, Kiyono H. Epithelial glycosylation in gut homeostasis and inflammation. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:1244-1251. [PMID: 27760104 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells apically express glycans, especially α1,2-fucosyl linkages, which work as a biological interface for the host-microbe interaction. Emerging studies have shown that epithelial α1,2-fucosylation is regulated by microbes and by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). Dysregulation of the gene (FUT2) encoding fucosyltransferase 2, an enzyme governing epithelial α1,2-fucosylation, is associated with various human disorders, including infection and chronic inflammatory diseases. This suggests a critical role for an interaction between microbes, epithelial cells and ILC3s mediated via glycan residues. In this Review, using α1,2-fucose and Fut2 gene expression as an example, we describe how epithelial glycosylation is controlled by immune cells and luminal microbes. We also address the pathophysiological contribution of epithelial α1,2-fucosylation to pathogenic and commensal microbes as well as the potential of α1,2-fucose and its regulatory pathway as previously unexploited targets in the development of new therapeutic approaches for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Goto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Carmona-Vicente N, Allen DJ, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Iturriza-Gómara M, Buesa J. Antibodies against Lewis antigens inhibit the binding of human norovirus GII.4 virus-like particles to saliva but not to intestinal Caco-2 cells. Virol J 2016; 13:82. [PMID: 27206610 PMCID: PMC4875664 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the main cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. The most commonly detected NoV strains belong to the genetically diverse GII.4 genotype, with new pandemic variants emerging periodically. Despite extensive efforts, NoV investigation has been hampered by the lack of an effective in vitro cell culture system. However, NoV-derived recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) resembling empty capsids are good surrogates for analysing NoV antigenicity and virus-ligand interactions. NoV VLPs have been reported to bind to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). We have analysed the ability of NoV VLPs derived from GI.1 genotype and from three GII.4 genotype variants, GII.4-1999, GII.4-2004 and GII.4-2006b, to bind to porcine gastric mucin (PGM), human saliva and differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cells (D-Caco-2 cells). Results Distinct patterns of saliva binding with the NoV GII.4 variant VLPs were observed, although they bound to D-Caco-2 cells independently of the expression of HBGAs. Monoclonal antibodies against Lewis antigens were able to block the binding of NoV VLPs to saliva, but not to D-Caco-2 cells. Blocking HBGAs on the surface of D-Caco-2 cells with specific monoclonal antibodies did not affect NoV VLP binding to cellular membranes. Co-localisation of Lewis y (Ley) and H-type 2 antigens with NoV VLPs was not observed by immunofluorescence assays. Conclusion Although the binding of NoV VLPs of GII.4 genotype variants to human saliva samples occur with distinct HBGA binding patterns and can be blocked by antibodies against Lewis antigens, their attachment to D-Caco-2 cells can be mediated by other receptors, which still need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Carmona-Vicente
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - David J Allen
- Virus Reference Department, Public Health England, London, UK.,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miren Iturriza-Gómara
- CIMI, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Javier Buesa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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19
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Su KJ, Ho CC, Lin CW, Chen MK, Su SC, Yu YL, Yang SF. Combinations of FUT2 gene polymorphisms and environmental factors are associated with oral cancer risk. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:6647-52. [PMID: 26646561 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4367-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, fucosyltransferase-2 (FUT2) plays an important role in α1,2- linkage of fucose and participates in complex cellular processes such as fertilization, embryogenesis, and immune responses. However, little information is available concerning the FUT2 expression in tumorigenesis. The aim of this work was to investigate the combined effect of FUT2 gene polymorphisms and exposure to environmental carcinogens on the susceptibility and clinic pathological characteristics of oral cancer. Four SNPs of the FUT2 gene (rs281377, rs1047781, rs601338, and rs602662) from 1200 non-cancer controls and 700 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The samples were further analyzed to clarify the associations between these gene polymorphisms and the risk of OSCC, and the impact of these SNPs on the susceptibility and clinic pathological characteristics of OSCC. After adjusting for other covariant, we observed that betel quid chewing among 1255 smokers who carrying at least one C genotype (TC and CC) at rs281377 and least one T genotype (TA and TT) at rs1047781 were exhibited synergistic effects of environmental factors (betel quid and cigarette use) on the susceptibility of oral cancer. Taken together, our results support gene-environment interactions of FUT2 polymorphisms with smoking and betel quid chewing habits possibly altering oral cancer susceptibility. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first study of association between FUT2 gene variants and OSCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Jung Su
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chen Ho
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Carmona-Vicente N, Fernández-Jiménez M, Vila-Vicent S, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Buesa J. Characterisation of a household norovirus outbreak occurred in Valencia (Spain). BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:124. [PMID: 26968797 PMCID: PMC4788899 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the main cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Several studies have linked human susceptibility to NoVs with the expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). In January 2012, a NoV gastroenteritis outbreak affected a household in Valencia, Spain, and the personal susceptibility to NoV was investigated. Methods To reach this aim 8 members of the affected household were recruited for this study and their secretor status, ABO and Lewis antigens were determined. NoV-specific saliva IgA and serum IgG antibody titers were analyzed. Their capacity to block viral binding to saliva receptors was analyzed, using virus-like particles (VLPs) of the NoV GII.4 genotype, 2006b variant, and saliva from a secretor O blood type donor. Results The most relevant finding was that an asymptomatic non-secretor individual shed NoVs in his stools. Interestingly, anti-NoV IgA antibody titers in saliva from secretor and non-secretor individuals showed no differences. On the contrary, high titers of NoV-specific IgG antibody were found in both convalescent sera and in sera collected 1 year post-infection, but only from secretor individuals. NoV GII.4-2006b VLP binding to receptors present in the saliva was efficiently blocked only by sera from secretor positive individuals. Conclusions Despite the small number of individuals involved in this outbreak, this study reinforces the idea that susceptibility to human NoV is both dependent on the HBGA profile of the individuals as well as on the viral genotype and variant. We also show that the immunity to NoV lasts for at least 1 year after infection, demonstrating that symptomatic infections strongly stimulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Carmona-Vicente
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Vila-Vicent
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Buesa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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Rayes A, Morrow AL, Payton LR, Lake KE, Lane A, Davies SM. A Genetic Modifier of the Gut Microbiome Influences the Risk of Graft-versus-Host Disease and Bacteremia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 22:418-22. [PMID: 26643031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is involved in vital biological functions, such as maintenance of immune homeostasis and modulation of intestinal development and enhanced metabolic capabilities. Disturbances of the intestinal microbiota have been associated with development and progression of inflammatory conditions, including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene produces an enzyme that is responsible for the synthesis of the H antigen in body fluids and on the intestinal mucosa. FUT2 genotype has been shown to modify the gut microbiome. We hypothesized that FUT2 genotype influences risk of GVHD and bacterial translocation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). FUT2 genotype was determined in 150 consecutive patients receiving allogeneic HSCT at our center. We abstracted clinical characteristics and outcomes from the transplantation database. Cumulative risk of any acute GVHD varied by FUT2 genotype, with decreased risk in those with A/A genotype and increased risk in those with G/G genotype. In contrast, the cumulative incidence of bacteremia was increased in those with A/A genotype. We conclude that the FUT2 genotype influences risk of acute GVHD and bacteremia after HSCT. We hypothesize that the mechanisms involve altered intestinal surface glycosylation and microbial composition but this requires additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Rayes
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Ardythe L Morrow
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Leslie R Payton
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kelly E Lake
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Adam Lane
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stella M Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Yoda T, Suzuki Y, Aoyama I, Yamazaki K, Nakata S, Takahashi K. No crucial amino acid changes in the predicted histo blood group antigen-binding sites of norovirus genotype GII.4 capsid between non-secretors and secretors origin might suggest an alternative route of infection or existence of coincidental molecules. J Med Microbiol 2015; 64:1544-1547. [PMID: 26432289 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yoda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoononsis Control and Hokkaido University, Global Station for Zoonosis, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Aoyama
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamazaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakata
- Nakata Pediatric Clinic, Shiraishi medical building 2F, Nangoudoori 1-1-1, Shiraishi-ku, Sapporo, Japan 003-0023
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka City, Japan
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23
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Vitiazeva V, Kattla JJ, Flowers SA, Lindén SK, Premaratne P, Weijdegård B, Sundfeldt K, Karlsson NG. The O-Linked Glycome and Blood Group Antigens ABO on Mucin-Type Glycoproteins in Mucinous and Serous Epithelial Ovarian Tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130197. [PMID: 26075384 PMCID: PMC4468167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucins are heavily O-glycosylated proteins where the glycosylation has been shown to play an important role in cancer. Normal epithelial ovarian cells do not express secreted mucins, but their abnormal expression has previously been described in epithelial ovarian cancer and may relate to tumor formation and progression. The cyst fluids were shown to be a rich source for acidic glycoproteins. The study of these proteins can potentially lead to the identification of more effective biomarkers for ovarian cancer. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the expression of the MUC5AC and the O-glycosylation of acidic glycoproteins secreted into ovarian cyst fluids. The samples were obtained from patients with serous and mucinous ovarian tumors of different stages (benign, borderline, malignant) and grades. The O-linked oligosaccharides were released and analyzed by negative-ion graphitized carbon Liquid Chromatography (LC) coupled to Electrospray Ionization tandem Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MSn). The LC-ESI-MSn of the oligosaccharides from ovarian cyst fluids displayed differences in expression of fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes. RESULTS The obtained data showed that serous and mucinous benign adenomas, mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline) and mucinous low-grade carcinomas have a high level of blood groups and Lewis type epitopes. In contrast, this type of fucosylated structures were low abundant in the high-grade mucinous carcinomas or in serous carcinomas. In addition, the ovarian tumors that showed a high level of expression of blood group antigens also revealed a strong reactivity towards the MUC5AC antibody. To visualize the differences between serous and mucinous ovarian tumors based on the O-glycosylation, a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using mass spectrometry average compositions (MSAC). CONCLUSION Mucinous benign and LMPs along with mucinous low-grade carcinomas appear to be different from serous and high-grade mucinous carcinomas based on their O-glycan profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Vitiazeva
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Jayesh J. Kattla
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarah A. Flowers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara K. Lindén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pushpa Premaratne
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Weijdegård
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Maroni L, van de Graaf SFJ, Hohenester SD, Oude Elferink RPJ, Beuers U. Fucosyltransferase 2: a genetic risk factor for primary sclerosing cholangitis and Crohn's disease--a comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2015; 48:182-91. [PMID: 24828903 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-014-8423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) mediates the inclusion of fucose in sugar moieties of glycoproteins and glycolipids. ABO blood group antigens and host-microbe interactions are influenced by FUT2 activity. About 20 % of the population has a "non-secretor" status caused by inactivating variants of FUT2 on both alleles. The non-sense mutation G428A and the missense mutation A385T are responsible for the vast majority of the non-secretor status in Caucasians, Africans, and Asians, respectively. Non-secretor individuals do not secrete fucose-positive antigens and lack fucosylation in epithelia. They also appear to be protected against a number of infectious diseases, such as Norovirus and Rotavirus infections. In recent years, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified inactivating variants at the FUT2 locus to be associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), Crohn's disease (CD), and biochemical markers of biliary damage. These associations are intriguing given the important roles of fucosylated glycans in host-microbe interactions and membrane stability. Non-secretors have a reduced fecal content of Bifidobacteria. The intestinal bacterial composition of CD patients resembles the one of non-secretors, with an increase in Firmicutes and decreases in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Non-secretor individuals lack fucosylated glycans at the surface of biliary epithelium and display a different bacterial composition of bile compared to secretors. Notably, an intact biliary epithelial glycocalix is relevant for a stable 'biliary HCO3 (-) umbrella' to protect against toxic effects of hydrophobic bile salt monomers. Here, the biology of FUT2 will be discussed as well as hypotheses to explain the role of FUT2 in the pathophysiology of PSC and Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Maroni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Debbink K. Editorial Commentary: Ancestry-Based Differences in Norovirus Susceptibility: Implications for Understanding Global Infection Patterns. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60:1639-41. [PMID: 25744497 PMCID: PMC4429759 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Debbink
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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26
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Neofunctionalization of the Sec1 α1,2fucosyltransferase paralogue in leporids contributes to glycan polymorphism and resistance to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004759. [PMID: 25875017 PMCID: PMC4398370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RHDV (rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus), a virulent calicivirus, causes high mortalities in European rabbit populations (Oryctolagus cuniculus). It uses α1,2fucosylated glycans, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), as attachment factors, with their absence or low expression generating resistance to the disease. Synthesis of these glycans requires an α1,2fucosyltransferase. In mammals, there are three closely located α1,2fucosyltransferase genes rSec1, rFut2 and rFut1 that arose through two rounds of duplications. In most mammalian species, Sec1 has clearly become a pseudogene. Yet, in leporids, it does not suffer gross alterations, although we previously observed that rabbit Sec1 variants present either low or no activity. Still, a low activity rSec1 allele correlated with survival to an RHDV outbreak. We now confirm the association between the α1,2fucosyltransferase loci and survival. In addition, we show that rabbits express homogenous rFut1 and rFut2 levels in the small intestine. Comparison of rFut1 and rFut2 activity showed that type 2 A, B and H antigens recognized by RHDV strains were mainly synthesized by rFut1, and all rFut1 variants detected in wild animals were equally active. Interestingly, rSec1 RNA levels were highly variable between individuals and high expression was associated with low binding of RHDV strains to the mucosa. Co-transfection of rFut1 and rSec1 caused a decrease in rFut1-generated RHDV binding sites, indicating that in rabbits, the catalytically inactive rSec1 protein acts as a dominant-negative of rFut1. Consistent with neofunctionalization of Sec1 in leporids, gene conversion analysis showed extensive homogenization between Sec1 and Fut2 in leporids, at variance with its limited degree in other mammals. Gene conversion additionally involving Fut1 was also observed at the C-terminus. Thus, in leporids, unlike in most other mammals where it became extinct, Sec1 evolved a new function with a dominant-negative effect on rFut1, contributing to fucosylated glycan diversity, and allowing herd protection from pathogens such as RHDV. There are three members of the α1,2fucosyltransferases gene family in mammalian genomes, Fut1, Fut2 and Sec1. The encoded fucosyltransferases are key enzymes for the synthesis of glycans that can be used as ligands by pathogens. However, the polymorphism of expression of these fucosylated glycans on epithelial cell types contributes to protection at the species level. In most mammalian species Sec1 is a pseudogene and in humans, genetic variation of α1,2fucosylated glycans is provided by FUT2 polymorphisms. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) uses α1,2fucosylated glycans as attachment factors. It induces an acute disease with very high mortalities in rabbit populations. We now confirm an association between genetic markers in the rabbit Sec1-Fut2 genomic region and survival to RHDV. We show that the Fut1 gene is the main contributor to the synthesis of RHDV binding sites although individual variation is not achieved by Fut1 polymorphisms but by variation in levels of Sec1 transcription. The Sec1 protein acting as a dominant-negative of Fut1, high Sec1 expression leads to a decreased number of RHDV binding sites. Thus, unlike in other mammals, in rabbits Sec1 underwent neofunctionalization. It contributes to generate diversity of fucosylated glycans, a key mechanism for escaping pathogens such as RHDV.
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27
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Yu Y, Lasanajak Y, Song X, Hu L, Ramani S, Mickum ML, Ashline DJ, Prasad BVV, Estes MK, Reinhold VN, Cummings RD, Smith DF. Human milk contains novel glycans that are potential decoy receptors for neonatal rotaviruses. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:2944-60. [PMID: 25048705 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.039875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk contains a rich set of soluble, reducing glycans whose functions and bioactivities are not well understood. Because human milk glycans (HMGs) have been implicated as receptors for various pathogens, we explored the functional glycome of human milk using shotgun glycomics. The free glycans from pooled milk samples of donors with mixed Lewis and Secretor phenotypes were labeled with a fluorescent tag and separated via multidimensional HPLC to generate a tagged glycan library containing 247 HMG targets that were printed to generate the HMG shotgun glycan microarray (SGM). To investigate the potential role of HMGs as decoy receptors for rotavirus (RV), a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children, we interrogated the HMG SGM with recombinant forms of VP8* domains of the RV outer capsid spike protein VP4 from human neonatal strains N155(G10P[11]) and RV3(G3P[6]) and a bovine strain, B223(G10P[11]). Glycans that were bound by RV attachment proteins were selected for detailed structural analyses using metadata-assisted glycan sequencing, which compiles data on each glycan based on its binding by antibodies and lectins before and after exo- and endo-glycosidase digestion of the SGM, coupled with independent MS(n) analyses. These complementary structural approaches resulted in the identification of 32 glycans based on RV VP8* binding, many of which are novel HMGs, whose detailed structural assignments by MS(n) are described in a companion report. Although sialic acid has been thought to be important as a surface receptor for RVs, our studies indicated that sialic acid is not required for binding of glycans to individual VP8* domains. Remarkably, each VP8* recognized specific glycan determinants within a unique subset of related glycan structures where specificity differences arise from subtle differences in glycan structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Xuezheng Song
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Liya Hu
- §Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sasirekha Ramani
- ¶Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Megan L Mickum
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - David J Ashline
- ‖Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824
| | - B V Venkataram Prasad
- §Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; ¶Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mary K Estes
- ¶Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Vernon N Reinhold
- ‖Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824
| | - Richard D Cummings
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;
| | - David F Smith
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and the National Center for Functional Glycomics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;
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28
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Tian L, Song N, Yao ZQ, Li XJ, Zhang R. Sequence analysis of the human fucosyltransferase 1 and 2 genes in Tibetan blood donors: identification of three novel alleles. Transfusion 2014; 54:1847-50. [PMID: 24527852 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The α(1,2)-fucosyltransferase gene 1 (FUT1) and 2 (FUT2), respectively, regulate H antigen synthesis in red blood cells and body fluids. Genetic polymorphisms of FUT1 and FUT2 are ethnically and geographically specific. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Healthy unrelated Tibetan blood donors (n = 200) from the Tibet Autonomous Region of China were recruited for this study. The entire FUT1 and FUT2 coding regions were amplified and sequenced. The haplotypes including novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined by clone sequencing. RESULTS In Tibetans, the major FUT1 allele was wild-type allele with a frequency of 97.75%. One novel FUT1 allele was defined by a novel synonymous mutation (846T>G). The two most common FUT2 alleles were functional allele Se(357) with a frequency of 32.75% and nonfunctional allele se(357,385) with a frequency of 55%. Two new FUT2 alleles were found at low frequency. They were characterized by two novel SNPs on the basis of se(357,385) : 617 T>G (V206G) and 841 G>A (G281R). CONCLUSION Three new alleles in FUT1 and FUT2 genes were identified in the study. The allelic polymorphisms of FUT1 and FUT2 in Tibetans show a population-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Blood Immunology, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hong YJ, Hwang SM, Kim TS, Song EY, Park KU, Song J, Han KS. Significance of Lewis phenotyping using saliva and gastric tissue: comparison with the Lewis phenotype inferred from Lewis and secretor genotypes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:573652. [PMID: 24783214 PMCID: PMC3982271 DOI: 10.1155/2014/573652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lewis phenotypes using various types of specimen were compared with the Lewis phenotype predicted from Lewis and Secretor genotypes. This is the first logical step in explaining the association between the Lewis expression and Helicobacter pylori. We performed a study of the followings on 209 patients who underwent routine gastroscopy: erythrocyte and saliva Lewis phenotyping, gastric Lewis phenotyping by the tissue array, and the Lewis and Secretor genes genotyping. The results of phenotyping were as follows [Le(a-b-), Le(a+b-), Le(a-b+), and Le(a+b+), respectively, in order]: erythrocyte (12.4%, 25.8%, 61.2%, and 0.5%); saliva (2.4%, 27.3%, 70.3%, and 0.0%); gastric mucosa (8.1%, 6.7%, 45.5%, and 39.7%). The frequency of Le, le (59/508) , le (59/1067) , and le (59) alleles was 74.6%, 21.3%, 3.1%, and 1.0%, respectively, among 418 alleles. The saliva Lewis phenotype was completely consistent with the Lewis phenotype inferred from Lewis and Secretor genotypes, but that of gastric mucosa could not be predicted from genotypes. Lewis phenotyping using erythrocytes is only adequate for transfusion needs. Saliva testing for the Lewis phenotype is a more reliable method for determining the peripheral Lewis phenotype of an individual and the gastric Lewis phenotype must be used for the study on the association between Helicobacter pylori and the Lewis phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumiro, Bundanggu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mee Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumiro, Bundanggu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumiro, Bundanggu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumiro, Bundanggu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumiro, Bundanggu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyou-Sup Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
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Nordgren J, Nitiema LW, Ouermi D, Simpore J, Svensson L. Host genetic factors affect susceptibility to norovirus infections in Burkina Faso. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69557. [PMID: 23894502 PMCID: PMC3716642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Norovirus (NoV) constitutes the second most common viral pathogen causing pediatric diarrhea after rotavirus. In Africa, diarrhea is a major health problem in children, and yet few studies have been performed regarding NoV. The association of histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) and susceptibility to NoV infection is well established in Caucasian populations with non-secretors being resistant to many common NoV strains. No study regarding HBGA and NoV susceptibility has yet been performed in Africa. We collected 309 stool and 208 saliva samples from diarrheal children in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; May 2009 to March 2010. NoV was detected using real-time PCR, and genotyped by sequencing. Saliva samples were ABO, Lewis and secretor phenotyped using in house ELISA assays. NoV was detected in 12% (n = 37) of the samples. The genotype diversity was unusually large; overall the 37 positive samples belonged to 14 genotypes. Only children <2 years of age were NoV positive and the GII.4 NoVs were more frequent in the late dry season (Jan-May). NoV infections were observed less in children with the secretor-negative phenotype or blood group A (OR 0.18; p = 0.012 and OR 0.31; p = 0.054; respectively), with two non-secretors infected with genotypes GII.7 and GII.4 respectively. Lewis-negative (Lea−b−) children, representing 32% of the study population, were susceptible to GII, but were not infected with any NoV GI. GII.4 strains preferentially infected children with blood group B whereas secretor-positive children with blood group O were infected with the largest variety of genotypes. This is the first study identifying host genetic factors associated with susceptibility to NoV in an African population, and suggests that while the non-secretor phenotype provides protection; the Lewis b antigen is not necessary for GII infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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Abstract
Norovirus (NoV) are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritidis in humans worldwide. They are transmitted through consumption of contaminated food, or mostly by direct person-to-person contact. However, susceptibility to NoV infection is variable. NoVs recognize carbohydrate ligand, including A, B, H and Lewis histoblood group antigen (HBGAs) for attachment to human epithelial cells. Synthesis of these HBGAs requires various glycosyltransferase encoded by the ABO, FUT2, FUT3 genes. The presence of distinct carbohydrates structures dependent upon the combined polymorphism at the FUT2, FUT3 and ABO loci influences susceptibility to NoV infection. NoV-glycan interactions studies show that different strains recognize specific HBGAs. Together with herd immunity, HBGAs play a major role in the epidemiology and evolution of NoVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ruvoën
- Unité de maladies réglementées - zoonoses, Oniris - École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes Atlantique, site de la Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes, France.
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Soejima M, Koda Y. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of SEC1-FUT2 hybrid alleles: identification of novel hybrid allele. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 415:59-62. [PMID: 22959923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two hybrid alleles between the secretor type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase gene (FUT2) and a pseudogene of FUT2 (SEC1) have been reported so far; parts of the SEC1 and FUT2 sequences are suggested to be susceptible to recombination. The se(fus), one of the two hybrid alleles, is found in Japanese populations at relative high frequencies. METHODS A TaqMan assay to distinguish SEC1 and SEC1-FUT2 hybrid alleles was designed for the purpose of dealing with large number of samples. RESULTS The results of the present method were fully consistent with those of the previous method for detection of se(fus) in the Japanese population. In addition, a novel SEC1-FUT2-SEC1 hybrid allele, which contains a 35-bp sequence (between positions 418 and 452) that is identical to the FUT2 sequence including a 13-bp FUT2-specific region (between positions 436 and 448), was encountered in an individual of European descent. CONCLUSIONS The present TaqMan assay is a reliable and powerful method for the large scale association study between disease susceptibility and FUT2 genotypes especially in the Japanese populations because of relative high frequency of se(fus). In addition, this method is a useful tool to find novel SEC1-FUT2 hybrid alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
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Aheman A, Luo HS, Gao F. Association of fucosyltransferase 2 gene variants with ulcerative colitis in Han and Uyghur patients in China. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:4758-64. [PMID: 23002346 PMCID: PMC3442215 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i34.4758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the contribution of fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) variants to the genetic susceptibility and clinical heterogeneity of ulcerative colitis (UC) between Han and Uyghur patients in Xinjiang, China. METHODS A total of 102 UC patients (53 Han patients including 22 men and 31 women, and 49 Uyghur patients including 25 men and 24 women; aged 48 ± 16 years) and 310 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled from January 2010 to May 2011 in Xinjiang People's Hospital of China. UC was diagnosed based on the clinical, endoscopic and histological findings following Lennard-Jones criteria. Blood samples were collected and genomic DNA was extracted by the routine laboratory methods. Polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing method was used to identify FUT2 variants rs281377, rs1047781, rs601338 and rs602662. Genotypic and allelic frequencies were documented and compared between the UC patients and the healthy controls. Genotypic frequencies were also compared between Han and Uyghur patients. Potential association of genetic variation and UC between Han and Uyghur patients was examined. RESULTS rs281377 was found significantly associated with UC in the Han population as compared with the controls (P = 0.011) while rs281377 was not associated with UC in the Uyghur population (P = 0.06). TT homozygous rs281377 frequencies were higher in the UC groups than in the controls (88.7% vs 68.7% and 55.1% vs 50.3%). rs1047781 was specifically associated with UC in the Uyghur population (P = 0.001), but not associated with UC in the Han population (P = 0.13). TT homozygous rs1047781 frequencies were lower in the UC groups than in the controls (9.5% vs 11.8% and 4.0% vs 6.7%). rs601338 was statistically related to UC in both populations (Han, P = 0.025; Uyghur, P = 8.33 × 10(-5)). AA homozygous rs601338 frequencies were lower in the UC groups than in the controls (0% vs 1.8% and 12.2% vs 13.4%). No association was found between rs602662 and UC in both Han and the Uyghur populations. Allelic analysis showed that rs281377 allele was significantly associated with UC in the Han population as compared with the controls [P = 0.001, odd ratio (OR) = 0.26], however, it was not associated with UC in the Uyghur population (P = 0.603, OR = 1.14), and rs1047781 allele was associated with UC in the Uyghur population (P = 0.001, OR = 0.029) while it was not associated with UC in the Han population (P = 0.074, OR = 0.62). Moreover, rs601338 was associated with UC in both Han (P = 0.005, OR = 0.1) and Uyghur populations (P = 0.002, OR = 0.43). Meta analysis showed that rs1047781 and rs601338 conferred risk of UC as compared with the controls [P = 0.005, OR = 0.47; P = 0.0003, OR = 0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.31-0.72 and 0.21-0.58], but rs281377 and rs602662 showed no statistically significant differences between patients with UC and controls (P = 0.10, OR = 0.71; P = 0.68, OR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.47-1.07 and 0.56-1.47). CONCLUSION Functionally relevant FUT2 gene variants are associated with UC, suggesting that they play a potential role in the pathogenesis of UC and may contribute to the clinical heterogeneity of UC between Han and Uyghur patients.
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Soejima M, Fujimoto R, Agusa T, Iwata H, Fujihara J, Takeshita H, Minh TB, Trang PTK, Viet PH, Nakajima T, Yoshimoto J, Tanabe S, Koda Y. Genetic variation of FUT2 in a Vietnamese population: identification of two novel Se enzyme-inactivating mutations. Transfusion 2012; 52:1268-75. [PMID: 22188519 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human FUT2 gene encodes a secretor-type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase, and many population-specific polymorphisms have been reported in the coding region. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Direct sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis were done to detect single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs) in a Vietnamese population. The impacts of two novel mutations on the encoded enzyme were examined by a transient expression study. RESULTS The major nonfunctional allele in the 294 Vietnamese was se(357,385), whereas no CNV was detected. Two novel SNPs, 818C>A (Thr273Asn) and 853G>A (Ala285Thr), distributed at low frequency, were shown to remarkably affect the enzyme activity. CONCLUSION The allelic polymorphism of FUT2 in Vietnamese is similar to that of other East and Southeast Asian populations. This result may reflect the history and gene flow of this population. In addition, HRM analysis seems to be a simple and effective method for screening rare SNPs of FUT2 in a large number of samples. [Correction statement added after online publication 21-Dec-2011: Thr273Ala has been updated to Thr273Asn throughout.]
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Blank D, Dotz V, Geyer R, Kunz C. Human milk oligosaccharides and Lewis blood group: individual high-throughput sample profiling to enhance conclusions from functional studies. Adv Nutr 2012; 3:440S-9S. [PMID: 22585923 PMCID: PMC3649481 DOI: 10.3945/an.111.001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are discussed to play a crucial role in an infant's development. Lewis blood group epitopes, in particular, seem to remarkably contribute to the beneficial effects of HMO. In this regard, large-scale functional human studies could provide evidence of the variety of results from in vitro investigations, although increasing the amount and complexity of sample and data handling. Therefore, reliable screening approaches are needed. To predict the oligosaccharide pattern in milk, the routine serological Lewis blood group typing of blood samples can be applied due to the close relationship between the biosynthesis of HMO and the Lewis antigens on erythrocytes. However, the actual HMO profile of the individual samples does not necessarily correspond to the serological determinations. This review demonstrates the capabilities of merging the traditional serological Lewis blood group typing with the additional information provided by the comprehensive elucidation of individual HMO patterns by means of state-of-the-art analytics. Deduced from the association of the suggested HMO biosynthesis with the Lewis blood group, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry profiles of oligosaccharides in individual milk samples exemplify the advantages and the limitations of sample assignment to distinct groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Blank
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
| | - Viktoria Dotz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Geyer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Campi C, Escovich L, Moreno A, Racca L, Racca A, Cotorruelo C, Biondi C. Expression of the gene encoding secretor type galactoside 2 α fucosyltransferase (FUT2) and ABH antigens in patients with oral lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2012; 17:e63-8. [PMID: 22157667 PMCID: PMC3448202 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to evaluate the expression of FUT2 gene in saliva and histo ABH antigens of patients with oral lesions. STUDY DESIGN In total 178 subjects were examined, half of whom suffered from oral pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions, while the other half were the healthy control group We analyzed the FUT 2 polymorphism by ASO-PCR (allele specific oligonucleotid - polymerase chain reaction) with specific primers for G428 allele and the wild type allele of FUT2 gene. To reveal A, B and H antigens in tissue sections of the patients (n= 89) we used a modified specific red cell adherence technique. RESULTS We found a high intensity of oral disease in the non-secretor group (OR = 2.43). A total of 58% of the patients with oral pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions was non secretors (se_/_), in contrast with the healthy population (21.5%). A strongly positive reaction was defined as a sheet of indicator erythrocytes adhered to the epithelial cells. In 31 of the 54 samples analyzed the test showed slightly positive results on atypical areas, and there was a complete antigen deletion in areas affected by neoplasia. Nineteen samples showed a total absence of ABH antigens in both histologically normal and pathological areas. Blood group antigens were expressed at a high level in benign and highly differentiated malignant tumors. In poorly differentiated malignant tumors, they were mostly absent. CONCLUSION Considering these results we suggest the use of this method to monitor probable preneoplastic lesions in risk population, especially in those with no secretor status (absence of FUT2 gene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Campi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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Soejima M, Koda Y. TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of FUT2 copy number variations: identification of novel Alu-mediated deletion. Transfusion 2011; 51:762-9. [PMID: 20880207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human FUT2 locus, which encodes a secretor-type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase, is known to be highly polymorphic. In addition to many single-nucleotide polymorphisms, three recombination alleles with a deletion of complete or partial FUT2 coding region have been reported. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To detect copy number variations (CNVs) of the FUT2 gene including three recombinant alleles by a high-throughput system, we developed a triplex TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The relative number of copies of two regions of the FUT2 gene, the 5' flanking (FUT2-5') and FUT2-promoter (Prom) regions, were determined by comparing the number of threshold cycles (Ct) to those of the albumin gene (ALB) as the internal control (ΔCt). RESULTS The mean 2(-ΔΔCt) values (FUT2-5'/ALB or Prom/ALB) obtained from 237 samples with known FUT2 copy numbers clearly differentiated two nonoverlapping intervals that corresponded to the one-copy-number samples ranging from 0.42 to 0.59 and two-copy-number samples ranging from 0.81 to 1.19; no FUT2-5' signal for recombination alleles was detected in homozygotes. Using this assay, we detected an individual in a Chinese population with a loss of one copy of the FUT2-5' region resulting from a novel Alu-mediated FUT2 deletion (approx. 4 kb). CONCLUSIONS The TaqMan real-time PCR method was able to detect the number of copies of FUT2 and distinguish different kinds of known CNVs. This system is robust, fast, and suitable for high-throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Nordgren J, Kindberg E, Lindgren PE, Matussek A, Svensson L. Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak with a secretor-independent susceptibility pattern, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis 2010; 16:81-7. [PMID: 20031047 PMCID: PMC2874438 DOI: 10.3201/eid1601.090633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsecretors were highly susceptible to norovirus GI.3 in a foodborne outbreak. Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the commonest cause of acute gastroenteritis among adults. Susceptibility to disease has been associated with histo-blood group antigens and secretor status; nonsecretors are almost completely resistant to disease. We report a foodborne outbreak of GI.3 NoV gastroenteritis that affected 33/83 (40%) persons. Symptomatic disease was as likely to develop in nonsecretors as in secretors (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46–4.36 vs. OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.23–2.18, p = 0.57). Moreover, no statistical difference in susceptibility was found between persons of different Lewis or ABO phenotypes. The capsid gene of the outbreak strain shares high amino acid homology with the Kashiwa645 GI.3 strain, previously shown to recognize nonsecretor saliva, as well as synthetic Lewis a. This norovirus outbreak affected persons regardless of secretor status or Lewis or ABO phenotypes.
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Silva LM, Carvalho AS, Guillon P, Seixas S, Azevedo M, Almeida R, Ruvoën-Clouet N, Reis CA, Le Pendu J, Rocha J, David L. Infection-associated FUT2 (Fucosyltransferase 2) genetic variation and impact on functionality assessed by in vivo studies. Glycoconj J 2010; 27:61-8. [PMID: 19757028 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The secretor (Se)/nonsecretor (se) histo-blood group variation depends on the action of the FUT2 enzyme and has major implications for human susceptibility to infections. To characterize the functionality of FUT2 variants, we assessed the correlation between saliva phenotypes and sequence variation at the FUT2 gene in sixty seven individuals from northern Portugal. While most non-secretor haplotypes were found to carry the 428G > A nonsense mutation in association with a 739G > A missense substitution, we have also identified a recombinant haplotype carrying the 739*A allele together with the efficient 428*G variant in individuals with the Se phenotype. This finding suggested, in contrast to previous results, that the 739*A allele encodes an efficient Se allele. To test this hypothesis we evaluated the in vivo enzyme activity of full coding expression constructs in transient transfection of CHO-K1 cells using FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) analysis and expression of type 2 and type 3 chain H structures as read out. We detected FUT2 activity for the 739*A expression construct, demonstrating that the 739G > A substitution is indeed not inactivating. In accordance with the hypothesis that FUT2 is under long standing balancing selection, we estimated that the time depth of FUT2 global genetic variation is as old as 3 million years. Age estimates of specific variants suggest that the 428G > A mutation occurred at least 1.87 million years ago while the 739G > A substitution is about 816,000 years old. The 385A > T missense mutation underlying the non-secretor phenotype in East Asians appears to be more recent and is likely to have occurred about 256,000 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Silva
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Matzhold EM, Helmberg W, Wagner T, Drexler C, Ulrich S, Winkler A, Lanzer G. Identification of 14 new alleles at the fucosyltransferase 1, 2, and 3 loci in Styrian blood donors, Austria. Transfusion 2009; 49:2097-108. [PMID: 19572973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02293.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genes for fucosyltransferases 1 (FUT1:H), 2 (FUT2:Secretor), and 3 (FUT3:Lewis) encode enzymes crucial for ABH and Lewis blood group antigen synthesis. They are highly polymorphic and ethnically and geographically specific. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Genetic variations and allele frequencies of FUT1, FUT2, and FUT3 encoding regions and flanking sequences were analyzed in 100 Styrian blood donors by systematic sequencing. Haplotypes were verified with sequence-specific primers. To identify discrepancies, serologically determined ABO and Lewis blood groups were correlated to respective genotypes. RESULTS Two novel FUT1 alleles were defined by 9C>T (silent) and 991C>A (P331T) mutations, the latter located in the catalytic domain of the enzyme. Five new alleles of FUT2 were found: three were characterized by new variants and two resulted from new combinations of known polymorphisms. The new 412G>A (G138S) mutation also is located in the catalytic domain. A new nonsecretor allele, based on the presence of 428G>A (nonsense), was found. Another FUT2 allele may have resulted from an intragenic crossover event. FUT3 analysis revealed seven novel alleles, partly based on the new mutations 41G>A (R14H), 1060C>G (R354G), 735G>C (silent), and 882C>T (silent). While 41G>A is placed in the cytoplasmic domain and functional, 1060C>G is placed in the catalytic domain. CONCLUSION Multiple common and sporadic sequence variations including 14 new alleles at FUT1, FUT2, and FUT3 loci were identified. Four novel mutations result in amino acid substitution in the protein. Three of them are predicted to have adverse effects on the enzyme activity. A novel nonsecretor allele was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Matzhold
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
Noroviruses have emerged as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans of all ages and are responsible for 200,000 deaths every year, mainly in developing countries. Despite high infectivity and lack of long-term immunity, authentic and volunteer studies have shown existence of inherited protective factors. Recent studies have shown that secretor status controlled by the α1,2-fucosyltransferase gene located on chromosome 19 determines susceptibility to most, if not all, norovirus infections, with individuals homozygous for the G428A nonsense mutation (nonsecretors) representing 20% of the highly protected European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Kindberg
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Linköping, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Professor, Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Linköping, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
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Carlsson B, Kindberg E, Buesa J, Rydell GE, Lidón MF, Montava R, Mallouh RA, Grahn A, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Bellido J, Arnedo A, Larson G, Svensson L. The G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2 provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 Norovirus infection. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5593. [PMID: 19440360 PMCID: PMC2680586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In November 2004, 116 individuals in an elderly nursing home in El Grao de Castellón, Spain were symptomatically infected with genogroup II.4 (GII.4) norovirus. The global attack rate was 54.2%. Genotyping of 34 symptomatic individuals regarding the FUT2 gene revealed that one patient was, surprisingly, a non-secretor, hence indicating secretor-independent infection. Lewis genotyping revealed that Lewis-positive and negative individuals were susceptible to symptomatic norovirus infection indicating that Lewis status did not predict susceptibility. Saliva based ELISA assays were used to determine binding of the outbreak virus to saliva samples. Saliva from a secretor-negative individual bound the authentic outbreak GII.4 Valencia/2004/Es virus, but did not in contrast to secretor-positive saliva bind VLP of other strains including the GII.4 Dijon strain. Amino acid comparison of antigenic A and B sites located on the external loops of the P2 domain revealed distinct differences between the Valencia/2004/Es and Dijon strains. All three aa in each antigenic site as well as 10/11 recently identified evolutionary hot spots, were unique in the Valencia/2004/Es strain compared to the Dijon strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of symptomatic GII.4 norovirus infection of a Le(a+b-) individual homozygous for the G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the host genetic susceptibility to norovirus infections and evolution of the globally dominating GII.4 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Carlsson
- Division of Molecular Virology, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elin Kindberg
- Division of Molecular Virology, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Javier Buesa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gustaf E. Rydell
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marta Fos Lidón
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Montava
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Reem Abu Mallouh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ammi Grahn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Bellido
- Sección de Epidemiología, Centro de Salud Pública, and CIBER-ESP, Castellón, Spain
| | - Alberto Arnedo
- Sección de Epidemiología, Centro de Salud Pública, and CIBER-ESP, Castellón, Spain
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Division of Molecular Virology, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
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Soejima M, Munkhtulga L, Iwamoto S, Koda Y. Genetic variation ofFUT3in Ghanaians, Caucasians, and Mongolians. Transfusion 2009; 49:959-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bucardo F, Kindberg E, Paniagua M, Grahn A, Larson G, Vildevall M, Svensson L. Genetic susceptibility to symptomatic norovirus infection in Nicaragua. J Med Virol 2009; 81:728-35. [PMID: 19235844 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Host genetic resistance to Norovirus (NoV) has been observed in challenge and outbreak studies in populations from Europe, Asia, and USA. In this study, we have investigated if histo-blood group antigens can predict susceptibility to diarrhea caused by NoV in Nicaragua, Central America, and if this can be reflected in antibody-prevalence and titer to NoV among individuals with different histo-blood group antigen phenotypes. Investigation of 28 individuals infected with NoV and 131 population controls revealed 6% of non-secretors in the population and nil non-secretors among patients infected with NoV, suggesting that non-secretors may be protected against NoV disease in Nicaragua. Surprisingly, 25% of the population was Lewis negative (Le(a-b-)). NoV infections with genogroup I (GI) and GII occurred irrespective of Lewis genotype, but none of the Lewis a positive (Le(a + b-)) were infected. The globally dominating GII.4 virus infected individuals of all blood groups except AB (n = 5), while the GI viruses (n = 4) infected only blood type O individuals. Furthermore, O blood types were susceptible to infections with GI.4, GII.4, GII.7, GII.17, and GII.18-Nica viruses, suggesting that secretors with blood type O are susceptible (OR = 1.52) and non-secretors resistant. The overall antibody-prevalence to NoV GII.3 VLP was 62% with the highest prevalence among blood type B carriers (70%) followed by A (68%) and O (62%). All four investigated individuals carrying blood type AB were antibody-negative. Among secretors, 63% were antibody-positive compared to 33% among non-secretors (P = 0.151). This study extends previous knowledge about the histo-blood group antigens role in NoV disease in a population with different genetic background than North American and European.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filemon Bucardo
- Department of Microbiology, University of León, Nicaragua (UNAN-León)
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Soejima M, Nakajima T, Fujihara J, Takeshita H, Koda Y. Genetic variation of FUT2 in Ovambos, Turks, and Mongolians. Transfusion 2008; 48:1423-31. [PMID: 18422843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the coding region of the FUT2 locus, which encodes secretor type alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase. These SNPs are highly population-specific. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The 1121-bp polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product containing the whole FUT2 coding region in three human populations, Ovambos (n = 74), Turks (n = 70), and Mongolians (n = 118), was sequenced. The haplotypes consisting of novel SNPs were determined by sequencing cloned inserts, and the haplotypes consisting of already reported SNPs were inferred by free computer software (PHASE). The functional significance of novel SNPs by transient expression study was also examined. RESULTS Twenty-four SNPs were found including seven novel SNPs (i.e., 4G > A, 244G > A, 442C > A, 489G > A, 569G > A, 665G > A, and 950C > T). A transient expression study suggested that the 244G > A, 569G > A, and 950C > T SNPs are enzyme-inactivating mutations. CONCLUSION This study identified 24 SNPs in the FUT2 gene, of which 7 were novel. The frequencies of alleles and genotypes were determined in Ovambos, Turks, and Mongolians. The allelic composition of each population was similar to those of geographically closer populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- The Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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Moehler TM, Sauer S, Witzel M, Andrulis M, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Grobholz R, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Greiner A, Goldschmidt H, Schwartz-Albiez R. Involvement of alpha 1-2-fucosyltransferase I (FUT1) and surface-expressed Lewis(y) (CD174) in first endothelial cell-cell contacts during angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2008; 215:27-36. [PMID: 18205178 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During the initiation of tumor associated angiogenesis endothelial cells migrate, adhere to extracellular matrix and form cell-cell contacts. Humoral factors of malignant cells conduct this process. We investigated whether cell surface expression of the carbohydrate blood group determinant Lewis(y) (CD174) and its precursor structure H2 (CD173) on endothelial cells is influenced by soluble factors of tumor cells. Using a bone marrow derived endothelial cell line we observed an enhanced expression of CD173/CD174 and transcription of FUT1, the key enzyme for their synthesis, after treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or conditioned supernatants of the leukemia cell line KG1a. CD173/CD174 are concentrated on pseudopodial extensions responsible for initial contacts between endothelial cells. Endothelial migration induced by TNF-alpha could be diminished by antibodies to CD174 as well as by siRNA induced downmodulation of FUT1 transcription. Endothelial FUT1-siRNA-transfectants displayed impaired in vitro angiogenesis when cultivated on extracellular matrix and in spheroid assays. In vivo upregulation of CD174 expression was observed immunocytologically in capillaries of tumor-infiltrated tissue. Together, our observations point to a tumor induced transcription of endothelial FUT1 and consequently an enhanced expression of CD174 which is involved in migration and early cell-cell contacts during tumor associated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Moehler
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Soejima M, Fujihara J, Takeshita H, Koda Y. Sec1-FUT2-Sec1 hybrid allele generated by interlocus gene conversion. Transfusion 2008; 48:488-92. [PMID: 18067503 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified in the coding region of the FUT2 locus, which encodes secretor type alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase. In addition, three recombination alleles have been reported. Of these recombination alleles, a fusion gene generated by an unequal crossing over between Sec1, a pseudogene that locates 23 kb upstream to and has high sequence homology with FUT2 and FUT2, was identified as a Japanese-specific nonsecretor allele (se(fus)). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS During the screening of the se(fus) in Mongolians (n = 118), a hybrid allele of Sec1-FUT2-Sec1 was found. RESULTS The DNA sequence suggested that the Sec1-FUT2-Sec1 allele contains a 275-bp sequence (between positions 259 and 533) that is identical to the FUT2 sequence including a 54-bp FUT2-specific region (between positions 417 and 470) and that might have been generated by an interlocus gene conversion. CONCLUSION Because the recombination region of se(fus) and the upstream recombination region of Sec1-FUT2-Sec1 are almost identical, this sequence stretch is likely to be the breakpoint for different kinds of recombinations that occur in this family of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Soejima M, Koda Y. Distinct single nucleotide polymorphism pattern at the FUT2 promoter among human populations. Ann Hematol 2008; 87:19-25. [PMID: 17805536 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-007-0362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the coding region of the FUT2 locus, which encodes secretor type alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase. In this study, we analyzed the sequence variations in the proximal promoter region of FUT2 in several human populations. In African populations, we found two SNPs with intermediate frequency that affected the promoter activity in vitro with a cell type-specific pattern. On the other hand, these two African SNPs were rarely detected outside Africa. Linkage disequilibria (LD) were observed between some haplotypes of the promoter and coding regions, although no characteristic promoter haplotype was linked with the se(428) allele of the coding region, which is estimated to be old. The present results suggest that the pattern of variation in the proximal promoter differs between Africans and non-Africans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
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Kindberg E, Akerlind B, Johnsen C, Knudsen JD, Heltberg O, Larson G, Böttiger B, Svensson L. Host genetic resistance to symptomatic norovirus (GGII.4) infections in Denmark. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:2720-2. [PMID: 17537929 PMCID: PMC1951234 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00162-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 61 individuals involved in five norovirus outbreaks in Denmark were genotyped at nucleotides 428 and 571 of the FUT2 gene, determining secretor status, i.e., the presence of ABH antigens in secretions and on mucosa. A strong correlation (P = 0.003) was found between the secretor phenotype and symptomatic disease, extending previous knowledge and confirming that nonsense mutations in the FUT2 gene provide protection against symptomatic norovirus (GGII.4) infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Kindberg
- Division of Molecular Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
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Soejima M, Pang H, Koda Y. Genetic variation of FUT2 in a Ghanaian population: identification of four novel mutations and inference of balancing selection. Ann Hematol 2007; 86:199-204. [PMID: 17089126 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-006-0203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The FUT2 is rich in polymorphisms that show population-specific patterns in its coding sequence. In this study, we found four novel substitutions in 121 Ghanaian samples. In addition, statistical tests considering population expansion scenarios suggested that balancing selection might be responsible for the genetic diversity of FUT2 in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Human Genetics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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