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Li S, Li X, Li D, Zhao Q, Zhu L, Wu T. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy in terms of patient survival rate and quality of life in breast cancer. Int J Qual Health Care 2024; 36:mzae043. [PMID: 38753325 PMCID: PMC11141600 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effects of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) versus mastectomy on survival and quality of life in Stages I, II, and III breast cancer, providing solid evidence for clinical decisions. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on breast cancer treatments, searching databases such as PubMed and the Cochrane Library to compare BCS, and mastectomy's effects on survival and quality of life. A combined total of 16 734 patients in the control group and 17 435 patients in the experimental group were included in this analysis. This meta-analysis used RevMan 5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) software for analysis. Our meta-analysis of 34 169 patients from 11 studies showed that BCS significantly reduced the overall recurrence rate at a median follow-up of 29 months, with a mean difference of 1.27 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.19-1.36, strongly supporting its effectiveness (P < .00001). Furthermore, our analysis found no significant increase in 5-year local recurrence rates for BCS versus mastectomy, indicating its long-term effectiveness with a mean difference of 1.13 (95% confidence interval: [1.03, 1.24], P = .01). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in tissue ischaemic necrosis among patients who had received BCS, with a mean difference of 0.37 (95% confidence interval: [0.33, 0.42], P < .00001), underscoring its benefits and long-term viability. BCS resulted in fewer cases of tissue ischaemic necrosis and higher body image scores compared with mastectomy, suggesting that it is a preferable option for better cosmetic outcomes and potentially favourable effects on prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjian Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oncology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Operating Room, The First People’s Hospital of Urumqi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Toutunhe District, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oncology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oncology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oncology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oncology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
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Stenger-Weisser A, Unterkirhere O, Glanzmann C, Streller T, Logaritsch P, Studer G. Early and Intermediate Treatment Outcome After Postoperative External Beam Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Pract Radiat Oncol 2024; 14:216-224. [PMID: 37925101 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate early and intermediate outcome after accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) in patients early-with stage breast cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS Inclusion criteria were defined according to the APBI American Society for Radiation Oncology's ASTRO Evidence-Based Consensus Statement. The prescribed dose was 26 to 28 Gy in 5 fractions on 5 consecutive days. Regular follow-up visits with objective and subjective evaluation of treatment tolerance were performed after 0 and 2 weeks, 6 months, and at annual intervals. RESULTS Between February 2017 and January 2020, 175 patients with breast conserving surgery met the inclusion criteria for APBI. Mean age was 65.7 years (range, 46-88). Thirteen percent of patients received a diagnosis with carcinoma in situ, 55%, 35%, and 37% with T1a/b/c, and 10% with T2 stages, respectively. The mean volume of planning target volume (PTV) was 119 cc (range, 45-465), the ratio of mean PTV: whole breast volume ratio was 21% (7%-53%). Mean follow-up was 42 months (median, 45, range, 0-67). Acute toxicity after 2 weeks was low with 69%, 26%, and 5% grade 0, 1, and 2. In addition, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year follow-up data were available from 146, 134, 107, 73, and 25 patients. Patient-reported cosmetic outcomes were assessed excellent or good in 97.9%, 98.5%, 98.1%, 98.6%, and 100%. Regarding grade 2 toxicities, as by now 3%, 2%, 2%, 0%, and 0% G2 fibrosis, 1%, 1%, 0%, 0%, and 0% G2 atrophy, no G2 skin telangiectasia or breast edema occurred. So far, none of the patients have experienced G3 toxicity or higher. The remaining patients had grade 0 or 1 toxicity only. Five ipsilateral breast recurrences (1 marginally to PTV, 4 out-of-field) and 5 distant recurrences were recorded by March 2023. The 4-year in-breast recurrence rate was 2.5%. Eight patients died, with 2 of them from disease. For all patients, the 4-year overall, cancer specific and disease-free survival rates were 97.1%, 99.4%, and 95.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We showed high early- and intermediate-term treatment tolerance and disease control of APBI using 26 to 28 Gy in five fractions in one week in carefully selected patients with early breast cancer. APBI is highly appreciated by patients and efficient, as an additional advantage for busy centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Unterkirhere
- Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Teaching Hospital Lucerne, Luzern, Switzerland
| | | | - Tino Streller
- Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Teaching Hospital Lucerne, Luzern, Switzerland
| | | | - Gabriela Studer
- Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Teaching Hospital Lucerne, Luzern, Switzerland; Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Luzern, Switzerland
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Knippen S, Duma MN, Schwedas M, Schrott S, Drozdz S, Mäurer I, Hildebrandt G, Mäurer M. Cost-benefit ratio of modern medical education using micro-costing: a model calculation using the example of an innovative breast brachytherapy workshop. Strahlenther Onkol 2024; 200:325-334. [PMID: 38418653 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-024-02218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiation oncology is an essential component of therapeutic oncology and necessitates well-trained personnel. Multicatheter brachytherapy (MCBT) is one radiotherapeutic option for early-stage breast cancer treatment. However, specialized hands-on training for MCBT is not currently included in the curriculum for residents. A recently developed hands-on brachytherapy workshop has demonstrated promising results in enhancing knowledge and practical skills. Nevertheless, these simulation-based teaching formats necessitate more time and financial resources. Our analyses include computational models for the implementation and delivery of this workshop and can serve as a basis for similar educational initiatives. METHODS This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of a previously developed and evaluated breast brachytherapy simulation workshop. Using a micro-costing approach, we estimated costs at a detailed level by considering supplies, soft- and hardware, and personnel time for each task. This method also allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the costs associated with implementing new medical techniques. The workshop costs were divided into two categories: development and workshop execution. The cost analysis was conducted on a per-participant basis, and the impact on knowledge improvement was measured using a questionnaire. RESULTS The total workshop costs were determined by considering the initial workshop setup expenses including the development and conceptualization of the course with all involved collaborators, as well as the costs incurred for each individual course. The workshop was found to be financially efficient, with a per-participant cost of € 39, considering the industrial sponsorship provided for brachytherapy equipment. In addition, we assessed the workshop's efficacy by analyzing participant feedback using Likert scale evaluations. The findings indicated a notable enhancement in both theoretical and practical skills among the participants. Moreover, the cost-to-benefit ratio (CBFR) analysis demonstrated a CBFR of € 13.53 for each Likert point increment. CONCLUSION The hands-on brachytherapy workshop proved to be a valuable and approximately cost-effective educational program, leading to a significant enhancement in the knowledge and skills of the participants. Without the support of industrial sponsorship, the costs would have been unattainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Knippen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helios Clinics of Schwerin-University Campus of MSH Medical School Hamburg, Schwerin, Germany.
- Department for Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Marciana-Nona Duma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helios Clinics of Schwerin-University Campus of MSH Medical School Hamburg, Schwerin, Germany
- Department for Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schwedas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Schrott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sonja Drozdz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Irina Mäurer
- Department for Neurology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Mäurer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
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Albendea Roch J, Anchuelo Latorre JT, Galdós Barroso MP, Navarrete Solano P, Rivero Pérez AL, Pinto Guevara F, García Lamela M, Olloqui Urroz J, Díaz de Tuesta M, Mazaira J, Muñoz P, Prada Gómez PJ. Partial-accelerated irradiation with stereotactic radiotherapy at a dose of 30 Gy in 5 fractions in early breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03405-8. [PMID: 38506978 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate feasibility of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) Thirty Gy delivered in 5 fractions for patients with early breast cancer. METHODS Between January 1st, 2018, and December 31s, 2022, we conducted 117 treatments for patients with early-stage breast cancer. All patients underwent conservative surgery followed by APBI using stereotactic external beam radiotherapy. We analyzed local, regional, distant control, overall survival, toxicity, and cosmetic outcomes. RESULTS The average age was 62 years. 21.3% ductal and 78.7% invasive carcinomas. Regarding the PTV volume, the median was 198.8 cc (38-794 cc). Treatments were completed in all cases. The median follow-up period was of 21 months (1-62 months). Regarding acute toxicity, no Grade 3-4 toxicities were recorded. One patient experienced Grade 2 neuropathic pain. One patient developed subacute fibrosis and two patients developed telangiectasia as subacute and chronic toxicity. Cosmetic results were "good" or "very good" in 96.3% of cases. None of the patients relapsed at any level (local, regional, or distant) and overall survival during follow.up was 100%. CONCLUSION APBI with SBRT 30 Gy in 5 fractions in early-stage breast cancer is a feasible technique, very-well tolerated and has excellent oncologic and cosmetic outcome during our follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Muñoz
- Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Santander, Spain
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González-Viguera J, Martínez-Pérez E, Pérez-Montero H, Arangüena M, Guedea F, Gutiérrez-Miguélez C. Hype or hope? A review of challenges in balancing tumor control and treatment toxicity in breast cancer from the perspective of the radiation oncologist. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:561-573. [PMID: 37505372 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to discuss the challenges and new strategies in managing breast cancer patients, with a specific focus on radiation oncology and the importance of balancing oncologic outcomes with quality of life and post-treatment morbidity. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify advances in the management of breast cancer, exploring de-escalation strategies, hypofractionation schemes, predictors and tools for reducing toxicity (radiation-induced lymphocyte apoptosis, deep inspiration breath-hold, adaptive radiotherapy), enhancer treatments (hyperthermia, immunotherapy) and innovative diagnostic modalities (PET-MRI, omics). Balancing oncologic outcomes with quality of life and post-treatment morbidity is crucial in the era of personalized medicine. Radiotherapy plays a critical role in the management of breast cancer patients. Large randomized trials are necessary to generalize some practices and cost remains the main obstacle for many innovations that are already applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González-Viguera
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Evelyn Martínez-Pérez
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor Pérez-Montero
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Arangüena
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Guedea
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Chen D, Parsa R, Chauhan K, Lukovic J, Han K, Taggar A, Raman S. Review of brachytherapy clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov. Radiat Oncol 2024; 19:22. [PMID: 38351013 PMCID: PMC10863227 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-024-02415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Characterizing the landscape of clinical trials including brachytherapy can provide an overview of the current status and research trends which may guide further areas of investigation. METHOD We queried 449,849 clinical trials from the ClinicalTrials.gov registry using brachytherapy-related keywords from 1980 to 2023, yielding 245 multi-arm and 201 single-arm, brachytherapy trials. Multi-arm and single-arm brachytherapy trials were compared using 12 trial protocol elements. RESULTS The number of trials including brachytherapy has increased over time, with over 60% of trials registered in 2010 onwards. The majority of clinical trials were Phase 2 or 3, evaluated both safety and efficacy, and were funded by academic sponsors. The most common tumor sites evaluated in brachytherapy clinical trials include prostate, cervix, liver, endometrium, and breast. CONCLUSION There remains continued interest in clinical trials including brachytherapy focused on evaluation of novel delivery systems, treatment planning, and new indications. More brachytherapy clinical trials are needed to define the optimal clinical utilization and advance prospective research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rod Parsa
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kabir Chauhan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jelena Lukovic
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kathy Han
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amandeep Taggar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Srinivas Raman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
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Burkon P, Selingerova I, Slavik M, Holanek M, Vrzal M, Coufal O, Polachova K, Muller P, Slampa P, Kazda T. Toxicity of external beam accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) in adjuvant therapy of early-stage breast cancer: prospective randomized study. Radiat Oncol 2024; 19:17. [PMID: 38310249 PMCID: PMC10837889 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-024-02412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is an alternative breast-conserving therapy approach where radiation is delivered in less time compared to whole breast irradiation (WBI), resulting in improved patient convenience, less toxicity, and cost savings. This prospective randomized study compares the external beam APBI with commonly used moderate hypofractionated WBI in terms of feasibility, safety, tolerance, and cosmetic effects. METHODS Early breast cancer patients after partial mastectomy were equally randomized into two arms- external APBI and moderate hypofractionated WBI. External beam technique using available technical innovations commonly used in targeted hypofractionated radiotherapy to minimize irradiated volumes was used (cone beam computed tomography navigation to clips in the tumor bed, deep inspiration breath hold technique, volumetric modulated arc therapy dose application, using flattening filter free beams and the six degrees of freedom robotic treatment couch). Cosmetics results and toxicity were evaluated using questionnaires, CTCAE criteria, and photo documentation. RESULTS The analysis of 84 patients with a median age of 64 years showed significantly fewer acute adverse events in the APBI arm regarding skin reactions, local and general symptoms during a median follow-up of 37 months (range 21-45 months). A significant difference in favor of the APBI arm in grade ≥ 2 late skin toxicity was observed (p = 0.026). Late toxicity in the breast area (deformation, edema, fibrosis, and pain), affecting the quality of life and cosmetic effect, occurred in 61% and 17% of patients in WBI and APBI arms, respectively. The cosmetic effect was more favorable in the APBI arm, especially 6 to 12 months after the radiotherapy. CONCLUSION External APBI demonstrated better feasibility and less toxicity than the standard regimen in the adjuvant setting for treating early breast cancer patients. The presented study confirmed the level of evidence for establishing the external APBI in daily clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT06007118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Burkon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Selingerova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Slavik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Holanek
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Vrzal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oldrich Coufal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Polachova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Muller
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Slampa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kazda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic
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Haussmann J, Budach W, Corradini S, Krug D, Jazmati D, Tamaskovics B, Bölke E, Pedotoa A, Kammers K, Matuschek C. Comparison of adverse events in partial- or whole breast radiotherapy: investigation of cosmesis, toxicities and quality of life in a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:181. [PMID: 37919752 PMCID: PMC10623828 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy and systemic therapy are part of the current evidence-based treatment protocols for early breast cancer, after breast-conserving surgery. Numerous randomized trials have investigated the therapeutic effects of partial breast irradiation (PBI) compared to whole breast irradiation (WBI), limiting the treated breast tissue. These trials were designed to achieve equal control of the disease with possible reduction in adverse events, improvements in cosmesis and quality of life (QoL). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the differences between PBI and WBI in side effects and QoL. MATERIAL/METHODS We performed a systematic literature review searching for randomized trials comparing WBI and PBI in early-stage breast cancer with publication dates after 2009. The meta-analysis was performed using the published event rates and the effect-sizes for available acute and late adverse events. Additionally, we evaluated cosmetic outcomes as well as general and breast-specific QoL using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. RESULTS Sixteen studies were identified (n = 19,085 patients). PBI was associated with a lower prevalence in any grade 1 + acute toxicity and grade 2 + skin toxicity (OR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.09-0.18; p < 0.001); (OR = 0.16; 95% CI 0.07-0.41; p < 0.001). There was neither a significant difference in late adverse events between the two treatments, nor in any unfavorable cosmetic outcomes, rated by either medical professionals or patients. PBI-technique using EBRT with twice-daily fractionation schedules resulted in worse cosmesis rated by patients (n = 3215; OR = 2.08; 95% CI 1.22-3.54; p = 0.007) compared to WBI. Maximum once-daily EBRT schedules (n = 2071; OR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.45-0.79; p < 0.001) and IORT (p = 0.042) resulted in better cosmetic results grade by medical professionals. Functional- and symptom-based QoL in the C30-scale was not different between PBI and WBI. Breast-specific QoL was superior after PBI in the subdomains of "systemic therapy side effects" as well as "breast-" and "arm symptoms". CONCLUSION The analysis of multiple randomized trials demonstrate a superiority of PBI in acute toxicity as well breast-specific quality of life, when compared with WBI. Overall, late toxicities and cosmetic results were similar. PBI-technique with a fractionation of twice-daily schedules resulted in worse cosmesis rated by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Haussmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Wilfried Budach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Corradini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig Maximillian University, Munich, Germany
| | - David Krug
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Danny Jazmati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bálint Tamaskovics
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Edwin Bölke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessia Pedotoa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Kai Kammers
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Christiane Matuschek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Brunt AM, Haviland JS, Wheatley DA, Sydenham MA, Bloomfield DJ, Chan C, Cleator S, Coles CE, Donovan E, Fleming H, Glynn D, Goodman A, Griffin S, Hopwood P, Kirby AM, Kirwan CC, Nabi Z, Patel J, Sawyer E, Somaiah N, Syndikus I, Venables K, Yarnold JR, Bliss JM. One versus three weeks hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer treatment: the FAST-Forward phase III RCT. Health Technol Assess 2023; 27:1-176. [PMID: 37991196 PMCID: PMC11017153 DOI: 10.3310/wwbf1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background FAST-Forward aimed to identify a 5-fraction schedule of adjuvant radiotherapy delivered in 1 week that was non-inferior in terms of local cancer control and as safe as the standard 15-fraction regimen after primary surgery for early breast cancer. Published acute toxicity and 5-year results are presented here with other aspects of the trial. Design Multicentre phase III non-inferiority trial. Patients with invasive carcinoma of the breast (pT1-3pN0-1M0) after breast conservation surgery or mastectomy randomised (1 : 1 : 1) to 40 Gy in 15 fractions (3 weeks), 27 Gy or 26 Gy in 5 fractions (1 week) whole breast/chest wall (Main Trial). Primary endpoint was ipsilateral breast tumour relapse; assuming 2% 5-year incidence for 40 Gy, non-inferiority pre-defined as < 1.6% excess for 5-fraction schedules (critical hazard ratio = 1.81). Normal tissue effects were assessed independently by clinicians, patients and photographs. Sub-studies Two acute skin toxicity sub-studies were undertaken to confirm safety of the test schedules. Primary endpoint was proportion of patients with grade ≥ 3 acute breast skin toxicity at any time from the start of radiotherapy to 4 weeks after completion. Nodal Sub-Study patients had breast/chest wall plus axillary radiotherapy testing the same three schedules, reduced to the 40 and 26 Gy groups on amendment, with the primary endpoint of 5-year patient-reported arm/hand swelling. Limitations A sequential hypofractionated or simultaneous integrated boost has not been studied. Participants Ninety-seven UK centres recruited 4096 patients (1361:40 Gy, 1367:27 Gy, 1368:26 Gy) into the Main Trial from November 2011 to June 2014. The Nodal Sub-Study recruited an additional 469 patients from 50 UK centres. One hundred and ninety and 162 Main Trial patients were included in the acute toxicity sub-studies. Results Acute toxicity sub-studies evaluable patients: (1) acute grade 3 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicity reported in 40 Gy/15 fractions 6/44 (13.6%); 27 Gy/5 fractions 5/51 (9.8%); 26 Gy/5 fractions 3/52 (5.8%). (2) Grade 3 common toxicity criteria for adverse effects toxicity reported for one patient. At 71-month median follow-up in the Main Trial, 79 ipsilateral breast tumour relapse events (40 Gy: 31, 27 Gy: 27, 26 Gy: 21); hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) versus 40 Gy were 27 Gy: 0.86 (0.51 to 1.44), 26 Gy: 0.67 (0.38 to 1.16). With 2.1% (1.4 to 3.1) 5-year incidence ipsilateral breast tumour relapse after 40 Gy, estimated absolute differences versus 40 Gy (non-inferiority test) were -0.3% (-1.0-0.9) for 27 Gy (p = 0.0022) and -0.7% (-1.3-0.3) for 26 Gy (p = 0.00019). Five-year prevalence of any clinician-assessed moderate/marked breast normal tissue effects was 40 Gy: 98/986 (9.9%), 27 Gy: 155/1005 (15.4%), 26 Gy: 121/1020 (11.9%). Across all clinician assessments from 1 to 5 years, odds ratios versus 40 Gy were 1.55 (1.32 to 1.83; p < 0.0001) for 27 Gy and 1.12 (0.94-1.34; p = 0.20) for 26 Gy. Patient and photographic assessments showed higher normal tissue effects risk for 27 Gy versus 40 Gy but not for 26 Gy. Nodal Sub-Study reported no arm/hand swelling in 80% and 77% in 40 Gy and 26 Gy at baseline, and 73% and 76% at 24 months. The prevalence of moderate/marked arm/hand swelling at 24 months was 10% versus 7% for 40 Gy compared with 26 Gy. Interpretation Five-year local tumour incidence and normal tissue effects prevalence show 26 Gy in 5 fractions in 1 week is a safe and effective alternative to 40 Gy in 15 fractions for patients prescribed adjuvant local radiotherapy after primary surgery for early-stage breast cancer. Future work Ten-year Main Trial follow-up is essential. Inclusion in hypofractionation meta-analysis ongoing. A future hypofractionated boost trial is strongly supported. Trial registration FAST-Forward was sponsored by The Institute of Cancer Research and was registered as ISRCTN19906132. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 09/01/47) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 27, No. 25. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Murray Brunt
- School of Medicine, University of Keele and University Hospitals of North Midlands, Staffordshire, UK
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Joanne S Haviland
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Duncan A Wheatley
- Department of Oncology, Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - Mark A Sydenham
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - David J Bloomfield
- Sussex Cancer Centre, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, UK
| | - Charlie Chan
- Women's Health Clinic, Nuffield Health Cheltenham Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
| | - Suzy Cleator
- Department of Oncology, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Helen Fleming
- Clinical and Translational Radiotherapy Research Group, National Cancer Research Institute, London, UK
| | - David Glynn
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Susan Griffin
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - Penelope Hopwood
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anna M Kirby
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK and Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Cliona C Kirwan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Zohal Nabi
- RTQQA, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jaymini Patel
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK and Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Isabel Syndikus
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Clatterbridge Hospital NHS Trust, Cheshire, UK
| | | | - John R Yarnold
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK and Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Judith M Bliss
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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10
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Shumway DA, Corbin KS, Farah MH, Viola KE, Nayfeh T, Saadi S, Shah V, Hasan B, Shah S, Mohammed K, Riaz IB, Prokop LJ, Murad MH, Wang Z. Partial breast irradiation compared with whole breast irradiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1011-1019. [PMID: 37289549 PMCID: PMC10483267 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-stage breast cancer is among the most common cancer diagnoses. Adjuvant radiotherapy is an essential component of breast-conserving therapy, and several options exist for tailoring its extent and duration. This study assesses the comparative effectiveness of partial-breast irradiation (PBI) compared with whole-breast irradiation (WBI). METHODS A systematic review was completed to identify relevant randomized clinical trials and comparative observational studies. Independent reviewers working in pairs selected studies and extracted data. Randomized trial results were pooled using a random effects model. Prespecified main outcomes were ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR), cosmesis, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS Fourteen randomized clinical trials and 6 comparative observational studies with 17 234 patients evaluated the comparative effectiveness of PBI. PBI was not statistically significantly different from WBI for IBR at 5 years (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 0.83 to 2.18; high strength of evidence [SOE]) and 10 years (RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.91; high SOE). Evidence for cosmetic outcomes was insufficient. Statistically significantly fewer acute AEs were reported with PBI compared with WBI, with no statistically significant difference in late AEs. Data from subgroups according to patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were insufficient. Intraoperative radiotherapy was associated with higher IBR at 5, 10, and over than 10 years (high SOE) compared with WBI. CONCLUSIONS Ipsilateral breast recurrence was not statistically significantly different between PBI and WBI. Acute AEs were less frequent with PBI. This evidence supports the effectiveness of PBI among selected patients with early-stage, favorable-risk breast cancer who are similar to those represented in the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean A Shumway
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kimberly S Corbin
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Magdoleen H Farah
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kelly E Viola
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tarek Nayfeh
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Samer Saadi
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vishal Shah
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bashar Hasan
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sahrish Shah
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Khaled Mohammed
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Irbaz Bin Riaz
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Larry J Prokop
- Library Public Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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11
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Meattini I, de Oliveira Franco R, Salvestrini V, Hijal T. Special issue. De-escalation of loco-regional treatment in breast cancer: Time to find the balance? Partial breast irradiation. Breast 2023; 69:401-409. [PMID: 37116401 PMCID: PMC10163674 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Over the past few decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the biology and pathology of breast cancer. A personalized conservative approach has been currently adopted addressing the patient's individual risk of relapse. After postoperative whole breast irradiation for early-stage breast cancer, a rate of recurrences outside the initial tumour bed lower than 4% was observed. Thus, the highest benefits of breast irradiation seem to result from the dose delivered to the tissue neighbouring the tumour bed. Nonetheless, reducing treatment morbidity while maintaining radiation therapy's ability to decrease local recurrences is an important challenge in treating patients with radiation therapy. In this regard, strategies such as partial-breast irradiation have been developed to reduce toxicity without compromising oncologic outcomes. According to the national and international published guidelines, clinical oncologists can refer to specific dose/fractionation schedules and eligible criteria. However, there are still some areas of open questions. Breast cancer represents a multidisciplinary paradigm; it should be considered a heterogeneous disease where a "one-treatment-fits-all" approach cannot be considered an appropriate option. This is a wide overview on the main partial breast irradiation advantages, risks, timings, techniques, and available recommendations. We aim to provide practical findings to support clinical decision-making, exploring future perspectives, towards a balance for optimisation of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Icro Meattini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
| | - Rejane de Oliveira Franco
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Division of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Viola Salvestrini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Tarek Hijal
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Division of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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12
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Köksal M, Hoppe C, Schröder AK, Scafa D, Koch D, Sarria GR, Leitzen C, Abramian A, Kaiser C, Faridi A, Henkenberens C, Schmeel LC, Giordano FA. Decision regret in breast cancer patients after adjuvant radiotherapy. Breast 2023; 68:133-141. [PMID: 36758448 PMCID: PMC9939714 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer patients often engage in shared decision-making to select an individualized treatment regimen from multiple options. However, dissatisfaction with treatment outcomes can lead to decision regret. We evaluated decision regret and physical and psychological well-being among breast cancer patients who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and explored their associations with patient, tumor, treatment, and symptom characteristics. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved retrospectively obtaining clinical data and data collected through interviews carried out as part of regular long-term medical aftercare. Decision regret regarding the radiotherapy was assessed using the Ottawa Decision Regret Scale, physical and psychological well-being were assessed using the PROMIS Global Health-10 questionnaire, and patients were asked about their treatment outcomes and symptoms. The questionnaire was administered 14 months to 4 years after completion of radiotherapy. RESULTS Of the 172 included breast cancer patients, only 13.9% expressed high decision regret, with most patients expressing little or no decision regret. More decision regret was associated with volumetric modulated arc therapy, chest wall irradiation, use of docetaxel as a chemotherapy agent, lymphangiosis carcinomatosa, new heart disease after radiotherapy, and lower psychological well-being. CONCLUSION Although most patients reported little or no decision regret, we identified several patient, treatment, and symptom characteristics associated with more decision regret. Our findings suggest that psychological well-being influences patients' satisfaction with therapy decisions, implying that practitioners should pay special attention to maintaining psychological well-being during shared decision-making and ensuring that psychological assessment and treatment is provided after cancer therapy to deal with long-term effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mümtaz Köksal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany.
| | - Clara Hoppe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Davide Scafa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - David Koch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Gustavo R Sarria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Leitzen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Alina Abramian
- Department of Senology and Breast Center, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Kaiser
- Department of Senology and Breast Center, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Andree Faridi
- Department of Senology and Breast Center, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Henkenberens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harzklinikum Dorothea Christiane Erxleben, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Leonard C Schmeel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank A Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim (UMM), Mannheim, Germany
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13
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van Hemert AKE, van Olmen JP, Boersma LJ, Maduro JH, Russell NS, Tol J, Engelhardt EG, Rutgers EJT, Vrancken Peeters MJTFD, van Duijnhoven FH. De-ESCAlating RadioTherapy in breast cancer patients with pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy: DESCARTES study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 199:81-89. [PMID: 36892723 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) is increasingly used in breast cancer patients and depending on subtype, 10-89% of patients will attain pathologic complete response (pCR). In patients with pCR, risk of local recurrence (LR) after breast conserving therapy is low. Although adjuvant radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery (BCS) reduces LR further in these patients, it may not contribute to overall survival. However, radiotherapy may cause early and late toxicity. The aim of this study is to show that omission of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with a pCR after NST will result in acceptable low LR rates and good quality of life. METHODS The DESCARTES study is a prospective, multicenter, single arm study. Radiotherapy will be omitted in cT1-2N0 patients (all subtypes) who achieve a pCR of the breast and lymph nodes after NST followed by BCS plus sentinel node procedure. A pCR is defined as ypT0N0 (i.e. no residual tumor cells detected). Primary endpoint is the 5-year LR rate, which is expected to be 4% and deemed acceptable if less than 6%. In total, 595 patients are needed to achieve a power of 80% (one-side alpha of 0.05). Secondary outcomes include quality of life, Cancer Worry Scale, disease specific and overall survival. Projected accrual is five years. CONCLUSION This study bridges the knowledge gap regarding LR rates when adjuvant radiotherapy is omitted in cT1-2N0 patients achieving pCR after NST. If the results are positive, radiotherapy may be safely omitted in selected breast cancer patients with a pCR after NST. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on June 13th 2022 (NCT05416164). Protocol version 5.1 (15-03-2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemiek K E van Hemert
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Josefien P van Olmen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth J Boersma
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), Maastricht University Medical Centre+ - GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John H Maduro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola S Russell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Tol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Henri Dunantstraat 1, 5223 GZ, 'S-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen G Engelhardt
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J Th Rutgers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frederieke H van Duijnhoven
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Karius A, Szkitsak J, Strnad V, Lotter M, Kreppner S, Schubert P, Fietkau R, Bert C. On the implant stability in adaptive multi-catheter breast brachytherapy: Establishment of a decision-tree for treatment re-planning. Radiother Oncol 2023; 183:109597. [PMID: 36870607 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To assess implant stability and identify causes of implant variations during high-dose-rate multi-catheter breast brachytherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Planning-CTs were compared to control-CTs acquired halfway through the treatment for 100 patients. For assessing geometric stability, Fréchet-distance and button-to-button distance changes of all catheters as well as variations of Euclidean distances and convex hulls of all dwell positions were determined. The CTs were inspected to identify the causes of geometric changes. Dosimetric effects were evaluated by target volume transfers and re-contouring of organs at risk. The dose non-uniformity ratio (DNR), 100% and 150% isodose volumes (V100 and V150), coverage index (CI), and organ doses were calculated. Correlations between the examined geometric and dosimetric parameters were assessed. RESULTS Fréchet-distance and dwell position deviations >2.5 mm as well as button-to-button distance changes >5 mm were detected for 5%, 2%, and 6.3% of catheters, but for 32, 17, and 37 patients, respectively. Variations occurred enhanced in the lateral breast and close to the ribs, e.g. due to different arm positions. Only small dosimetric effects with median DNR, V100, and CI variations of -0.01 ± 0.02, (-0.5 ± 1.3)ccm, and (-1.4 ± 1.8)% were observed in general. Skin dose exceeded recommended levels for 12 of 100 patients. Various correlations between geometric and dosimetric implant stability were found, based on which decision-tree regarding treatment re-planning was established. CONCLUSION Multi-catheter breast brachytherapy shows a high implant stability in general, but considering skin dose changes is important. To increase implant stability for individual patients, we plan to investigate patient immobilization aids during treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Karius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Juliane Szkitsak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vratislav Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Lotter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Kreppner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Schubert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Strnad V, Polgár C, Ott OJ, Hildebrandt G, Kauer-Dorner D, Knauerhase H, Major T, Łyczek J, Guinot JL, Gutierrez Miguelez C, Slampa P, Allgäuer M, Lössl K, Polat B, Fietkau R, Schlamann A, Resch A, Kulik A, Arribas L, Niehoff P, Guedea F, Dunst J, Gall C, Uter W. Accelerated partial breast irradiation using sole interstitial multicatheter brachytherapy compared with whole-breast irradiation with boost for early breast cancer: 10-year results of a GEC-ESTRO randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:262-272. [PMID: 36738756 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several randomised, phase 3 trials have investigated the value of different techniques of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) for patients with early breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery compared with whole-breast irradiation. In a phase 3 randomised trial, we evaluated whether APBI using multicatheter brachytherapy is non-inferior compared with whole-breast irradiation. Here, we present the 10-year follow-up results. METHODS We did a randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial at 16 hospitals and medical centres in Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Spain, and Switzerland. Patients aged 40 years or older with early invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast-conserving surgery were centrally randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either whole-breast irradiation or APBI using multicatheter brachytherapy. Whole-breast irradiation was delivered in 25 daily fractions of 50 Gy over 5 weeks, with a supplemental boost of 10 Gy to the tumour bed, and APBI was delivered as 30·1 Gy (seven fractions) and 32·0 Gy (eight fractions) of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in 5 days or as 50 Gy of pulsed-dose-rate brachytherapy over 5 treatment days. Neither patients nor investigators were masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was ipsilateral local recurrence, analysed in the as-treated population; the non-inferiority margin for the recurrence rate difference (defined for 5-year results) was 3 percentage points. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00402519; the trial is complete. FINDINGS Between April 20, 2004, and July 30, 2009, 1328 female patients were randomly assigned to whole breast irradiation (n=673) or APBI (n=655), of whom 551 in the whole-breast irradiation group and 633 in the APBI group were eligible for analysis. At a median follow-up of 10·36 years (IQR 9·12-11·28), the 10-year local recurrence rates were 1·58% (95% CI 0·37 to 2·8) in the whole-breast irradiation group and 3·51% (1·99 to 5·03) in the APBI group. The difference in 10-year rates between the groups was 1·93% (95% CI -0·018 to 3·87; p=0·074). Adverse events were mostly grade 1 and 2, in 234 (60%) of 393 participants in the whole-breast irradiation group and 314 (67%) of 470 participants in the APBI group, at 7·5-year or 10-year follow-up, or both. Patients in the APBI group had a significantly lower incidence of treatment-related grade 3 late side-effects than those in the whole-breast irradiation group (17 [4%] of 393 for whole-breast irradiation vs seven [1%] of 470 for APBI; p=0·021; at 7·5-year or 10-year follow-up, or both). At 10 years, the most common type of grade 3 adverse event in both treatment groups was fibrosis (six [2%] of 313 patients for whole-breast irradiation and three [1%] of 375 patients for APBI, p=0·56). No grade 4 adverse events or treatment-related deaths have been observed. INTERPRETATION Postoperative APBI using multicatheter brachytherapy after breast-conserving surgery in patients with early breast cancer is a valuable alternative to whole-breast irradiation in terms of treatment efficacy and is associated with fewer late side-effects. FUNDING German Cancer Aid, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vratislav Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen and Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Csaba Polgár
- Center of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oliver J Ott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen and Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Hellen Knauerhase
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tibor Major
- Center of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jarosław Łyczek
- Brachytherapy Department, Centrum Onkologii-Instytut im Marii Skł odowskej, Warsaw, Poland; Podkarpacki Hospital Cancer Center Brzozów, Brzozów, Poland
| | - Jose Luis Guinot
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Valencian Institute of Oncology Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pavel Slampa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Allgäuer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Lössl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bülent Polat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen and Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Annika Schlamann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Resch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital AKH Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Kulik
- Brachytherapy Department, Centrum Onkologii-Instytut im Marii Skł odowskej, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leo Arribas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Valencian Institute of Oncology Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Peter Niehoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy, Sana Clinic, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Ferran Guedea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jürgen Dunst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Gall
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
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16
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Recent Advances in Optimizing Radiation Therapy Decisions in Early Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041260. [PMID: 36831598 PMCID: PMC9954587 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant whole breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery is a well-established treatment standard for early invasive breast cancer. Screening, early diagnosis, refinement in surgical techniques, the knowledge of new and specific molecular prognostic factors, and now the standard use of more effective neo/adjuvant systemic therapies have proven instrumental in reducing the rates of locoregional relapses. This underscores the need for reliably identifying women with such low-risk disease burdens in whom elimination of radiation from the treatment plan would not compromise oncological safety. This review summarizes the current evidence for radiation de-intensification strategies and details ongoing prospective clinical trials investigating the omission of adjuvant whole breast irradiation in molecularly defined low-risk breast cancers and related evidence supporting the potential for radiation de-escalation in HER2+ and triple-negative clinical subtypes. Furthermore, we discuss the current evidence for the de-escalation of regional nodal irradiation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Finally, we also detail the current knowledge of the clinical value of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and liquid-based biomarkers as prognostic factors for locoregional relapse.
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17
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Anderson B, Vicini F, Wazer D, Arthur D. Breast brachytherapy: Building a bright future on the foundation of a rich history of advancement in technology, technique, and patient-centered care. Brachytherapy 2023; 22:368-380. [PMID: 36740541 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
For over 20 years, the concept of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) has received considerable attention. Initially concentrating on the appropriateness of APBI as an alternative treatment to whole breast radiotherapy, investigation and innovation evolved towards dose delivery and technique appropriateness. The purpose of this article is to review the pertinent literature that supports the role brachytherapy serves in delivering APBI and the recognized brachytherapy techniques for dose delivery. Publications establishing techniques utilizing multicatheter brachytherapy, single-entry brachytherapy applicators, permanent breast seed implantation brachytherapy, noninvasive breast brachytherapy and electronic brachytherapy are described. The use of brachytherapy for repeat breast conservation therapy is additionally reviewed. A historical perspective and potential direction of future investigation and innovation are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Anderson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - David Wazer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Douglas Arthur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
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18
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Yu CX. Radiotherapy of early‐stage breast cancer. PRECISION RADIATION ONCOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pro6.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric X. Yu
- Radiation Oncology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
- Xcision Medical Systems Columbia Maryland USA
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19
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Shah C, Leonardi MC. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: An Opportunity for Therapeutic De-escalation. Am J Clin Oncol 2023; 46:2-6. [PMID: 36255336 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Partial breast irradiation (PBI) has been demonstrated to have comparable outcomes to whole breast irradiation based on multiple randomized trials with long-term follow-up. However, despite the strength of the data available, PBI remains underutilized despite being an appropriate option for many women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. This is significant, as PBI offers the potential to reduce toxicities and shorten treatment duration without impacting outcomes; in addition, for low-risk patients, PBI alone is being investigated as an alternative to endocrine therapy alone. Modern PBI can be delivered with multiple techniques, and advances in treatment planning have allowed for improved therapeutic ratios compared with earlier techniques; one such approach is utilizing stereotactic body radiation therapy approaches allowing for smaller target margins and therefore lower breast doses. Moving forward, studies are ongoing evaluating the use of radiation alone including PBI as compared with endocrine therapy alone, with prospective studies evaluating stereotactic body radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag Shah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Maria C Leonardi
- Department of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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20
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van Oossanen R, Godart J, Brown JMC, Maier A, Pignol JP, Denkova AG, Djanashvili K, van Rhoon GC. Feasibility Study on the Radiation Dose by Radioactive Magnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Open-Source Brachytherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225497. [PMID: 36428590 PMCID: PMC9688633 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of early-stage breast cancer currently includes surgical removal of the tumor and (partial) breast irradiation of the tumor site performed at fractionated dose. Although highly effective, this treatment is exhaustive for both patient and clinic. In this study, the theoretical potential of an alternative treatment combining thermal ablation with low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy using radioactive magnetic nanoparticles (RMNPs) containing 103-palladium was researched. METHODS The radiation dose characteristics and emission spectra of a single RMNP were calculated, and dose distributions of a commercial brachytherapy seed and an RMNP brachytherapy seed were simulated using Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit. RESULTS It was found that the RMNP seeds deliver a therapeutic dose similar to currently used commercial seed, while the dose distribution shows a spherical fall off compared to the more inhomogeneous dose distribution of the commercial seed. Changes in shell thickness only changed the dose profile between 2 × 10-4 mm and 3 × 10-4 mm radial distance to the RMNP, not effecting long-range dose. CONCLUSION The dose distribution of the RMNP seed is comparable with current commercial brachytherapy seeds, while anisotropy of the dose distribution is reduced. Because this reduces the dependency of the dose distribution on the orientation of the seed, their surgical placement is easier. This supports the feasibility of the clinical application of the proposed novel treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogier van Oossanen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Jeremy Godart
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeremy M. C. Brown
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn 3122, Australia
| | - Alexandra Maier
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Philippe Pignol
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia G. Denkova
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Djanashvili
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard C. van Rhoon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, TU Delft, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
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21
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Eng L, Brual J, Nagee A, Mok S, Fazelzad R, Chaiton M, Saunders D, Mittmann N, Truscott R, Liu G, Bradbury P, Evans W, Papadakos J, Giuliani M. Reporting of tobacco use and tobacco-related analyses in cancer cooperative group clinical trials: a systematic scoping review. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100605. [PMID: 36356412 PMCID: PMC9646674 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continued smoking after a diagnosis of cancer negatively impacts cancer outcomes, but the impact of tobacco on newer treatments options is not well established. Collecting and evaluating tobacco use in clinical trials may advance understanding of the consequences of tobacco use on treatment modalities, but little is known about the frequency of reporting and analysis of tobacco use in cancer cooperative clinical trial groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify cancer cooperative group clinical trials published from January 2017-October 2019. Eligible studies evaluated either systemic and/or radiation therapies, included ≥100 adult patients, and reported on at least one of: overall survival, disease/progression-free survival, response rates, toxicities/adverse events, or quality-of-life. RESULTS A total of 91 studies representing 90 trials met inclusion criteria with trial start dates ranging from 1995 to 2015 with 14% involving lung and 5% head and neck cancer patients. A total of 19 studies reported baseline tobacco use; 2 reported collecting follow-up tobacco use. Seven studies reported analysis of the impact of baseline tobacco use on clinical outcomes. There was significant heterogeneity in the reporting of baseline tobacco use: 7 reported never/ever status, 10 reported never/ex-smoker/current smoker status, and 4 reported measuring smoking intensity. None reported verifying smoking status or second-hand smoke exposure. Trials of lung and head and neck cancers were more likely to report baseline tobacco use than other disease sites (83% versus 6%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Few cancer cooperative group clinical trials report and analyze trial participants' tobacco use. Significant heterogeneity exists in reporting tobacco use. Routine standardized collection and reporting of tobacco use at baseline and follow-up in clinical trials should be implemented to enable investigators to evaluate the impact of tobacco use on new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Eng
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Prof L. Eng, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. Tel: +1-416-946-2953; Fax: +1-416-946-6546 @Lawson_Eng@MeredithGiulia1@PMcancercentre
| | - J. Brual
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - A. Nagee
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - S. Mok
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Fazelzad
- Library and Information Services, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - M. Chaiton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - D.P. Saunders
- Northeast Cancer Centre of Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - N. Mittmann
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Truscott
- Division of Prevention Policy and Stakeholder Engagement, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - G. Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P.A. Bradbury
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - W.K. Evans
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - J. Papadakos
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Patient Education, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - M.E. Giuliani
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Correspondence to: Prof M. Giuliani, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. Tel: +1-416-946-2983; Fax: +1-416-946-6546
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22
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Anderson B, Arthur D, Hannoun-Levi JM, Kamrava M, Khan A, Kuske R, Scanderbeg D, Shah C, Shaitelman S, Showalter T, Vicini F, Wazer D, Yashar C. Partial breast irradiation: An updated consensus statement from the American brachytherapy society. Brachytherapy 2022; 21:726-747. [PMID: 36117086 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In recent years, results with mature follow-up have been reported for several Phase III trials randomizing women to receive whole breast irradiation (WBI) versus varying modalities of partial breast irradiation (PBI). It is important to recognize that these methods vary in terms of volume of breast tissue treated, dose per fraction, and duration of therapy. As such, clinical and technical guidelines may vary among the various PBI techniques. METHODS Members of the American Brachytherapy Society with expertise in PBI performed an extensive literature review focusing on the highest quality data available for the numerous PBI options offered in the modern era. Data were evaluated for strength of evidence and published outcomes were assessed. RESULTS The majority of women enrolled on randomized trials of WBI versus PBI have been age >45 years with tumor size <3 cm, negative margins, and negative lymph nodes. The panel also concluded that PBI can be offered to selected women with estrogen receptor negative and/or Her2 amplified breast cancer, as well as ductal carcinoma in situ, and should generally be avoided in women with extensive lymphovascular space invasion. CONCLUSIONS This updated guideline summarizes published clinical trials of PBI methods. The panel also highlights the role of PBI for women facing special circumstances, such as history of cosmetic breast augmentation or prior breast irradiation, and discusses promising novel modalities that are currently under study, such as ultrashort and preoperative PBI. Updated consensus guidelines are also provided to inform patient selection for PBI and to characterize the strength of evidence to support varying PBI modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Anderson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
| | - Douglas Arthur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | | | | | - Atif Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert Kuske
- Arizona Breast Cancer Specialists, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Daniel Scanderbeg
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Chirag Shah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Simona Shaitelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Timothy Showalter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | - David Wazer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Catheryn Yashar
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
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23
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Automating implant reconstruction in interstitial brachytherapy of the breast: A hybrid approach combining electromagnetic tracking and image segmentation. Radiother Oncol 2022; 176:172-178. [PMID: 36181920 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To develop a method for automatic reconstruction of catheter implants in interstitial brachytherapy (iBT) of the breast by means of electromagnetic tracking (EMT) with the goal of making treatment planning as time-effective and accurate as possible. MATERIALS AND METHODS The implant geometry of 64 patients was recorded using an afterloader prototype with EMT functionality immediately after the planning CT. EMT data were transferred to the CT image space by rigidly registering the catheter fixation buttons as landmarks. To further improve reconstruction accuracy, the EMT reconstruction points were used as starting points to define small regions of interest (ROI) in the CT image. Within these ROIs, the catheter track was segmented in the CT using image processing operations such as thresholding and blob detection, thus refining the reconstruction. The perpendicular distance between the refined EMT implant reconstruction points and the manually reconstructed catheters by an experienced treatment planner was calculated as a measure of their geometric agreement. RESULTS Geometrically, the refined EMT based implant reconstruction shows excellent agreement with the manual reconstruction. The median distance across all patients is 0.25 mm and the 95th percentile is 1 mm. Refinement takes approximately 0.5 s per reconstruction point and typically does not exceed 3 min per implant at no user interaction. CONCLUSION The refined EMT based implant reconstruction proved to be extremely accurate and fast compared to manual reconstruction. The presented procedure can in principle be easily transferred to clinical routine and therefore has enormous potential to provide significant time savings in iBT treatment planning whilst improving reconstruction accuracy.
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24
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Aristei C, Bölükbaşı Y, Kaidar-Person O, Pfeffer R, Arenas M, Boersma LJ, Ciabattoni A, Coles CE, Franco P, Krengli M, Leonardi MC, Marazzi F, Masiello V, Meattini I, Montero A, Offersen B, Trigo ML, Bourgier C, Genovesi D, Kouloulias V, Morganti AG, Meduri B, Pasinetti N, Pedretti S, Perrucci E, Rivera S, Tombolini V, Vidali C, Valentini V, Poortmans P. Ways to improve breast cancer patients' management and clinical outcome: The 2020 Assisi Think Tank Meeting. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 177:103774. [PMID: 35917884 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the third Assisi Think Tank Meeting (ATTM) on breast cancer, a brainstorming project which involved European radiation and clinical oncologists who were dedicated to breast cancer research and treatment. Held on February 2020, the ATTM aimed at identifying key clinical questions in current clinical practice and "grey" areas requiring research to improve management and outcomes. Before the meeting, three key topics were selected: 1) managing patients with frailty due to either age and/or multi-morbidity; 2) stereotactic radiation therapy and systemic therapy in the management of oligometastatic disease; 3) contralateral breast tumour prevention in BCRA-mutated patients. Clinical practice in these areas was investigated by means of an online questionnaire. In the lapse period between the survey and the meeting, the working groups reviewed data, on-going studies and the clinical challenges which were then discussed in-depth and subjected to intense brainstorming during the meeting; research protocols were also proposed. Methodology, outcome of discussions, conclusions and study proposals are summarized in the present paper. In conclusion, this report presents an in-depth analysis of the state of the art, grey areas and controversies in breast cancer radiation therapy and discusses how to confront them in the absence of evidence-based data to guide clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Aristei
- Radiation Oncology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia and Perugia General Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Yasemin Bölükbaşı
- Radiation Oncology Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orit Kaidar-Person
- Breast Radiation Unit, Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raphael Pfeffer
- Oncology Institute, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv and Ben Gurion University Medical School, Israel
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Hoan de Reus, IISPV, Spain
| | - Liesbeth J Boersma
- Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Antonella Ciabattoni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, San Filippo Neri Hospital, ASL Rome 1, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Depatment of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and Department of Radiation Oncology, 'Maggiore della Carità' University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Krengli
- Depatment of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and Department of Radiation Oncology, 'Maggiore della Carità' University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Marazzi
- Unità Operativa di Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagine, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Masiello
- Unità Operativa di Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagine, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS Roma, Italy
| | - Icro Meattini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence & Radiation Oncology Unit - Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Angel Montero
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Birgitte Offersen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Lurdes Trigo
- Service of Brachytherapy, Department of Image and Radioncology, Instituto Português Oncologia Porto Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Portugal
| | - Céline Bourgier
- Radiation Oncology, ICM-Val d'Aurelle, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Domenico Genovesi
- Radiation Oncology, Ospedale Clinicizzato Chieti and University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Vassilis Kouloulias
- 2(nd) Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alessio G Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna; DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna University; Bologna, Italy
| | - Bruno Meduri
- Radiation Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Nadia Pasinetti
- Radiation Oncology Service, ASST Valcamonica Esine and Brescia University, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Pedretti
- Istituto del Radio "O.Alberti" - Spedali Civili Hospital and Brescia University, Brescia
| | | | - Sofia Rivera
- Radiation Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, University "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Vidali
- former Senior Assistant Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Valentini
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Poortmans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Kankernetwerk, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
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Espenel S, Chargari C, Blanchard P, Bockel S, Morel D, Rivera S, Levy A, Deutsch E. Practice changing data and emerging concepts from recent radiation therapy randomised clinical trials. Eur J Cancer 2022; 171:242-258. [PMID: 35779346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncology treatments are constantly and rapidly evolving. We aimed at highlighting the latest radiation therapy practice changing trials and emerging concepts, through an overview of recent randomised clinical trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Requests were performed in the Medline database to identify all publications reporting radiation therapy RCTs from 2018 to 2021. RESULTS Recent RCTs sustained the role of newer combinatorial strategies through radioimmunotherapy for early stage or metastatic lung cancer, newer pro-apoptotic agents (e.g. debio 1143 in locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) or nanoparticles (e.g. NBTXR3 in locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma). High-tech radiotherapy allows intensifying treatments and gaining ground in some indications through the development of stereotactic body radiotherapy for example. First randomised evidence on personalised radiation therapy through imaging-based (18FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography for lung cancer or early stage unfavourable Hodgkin lymphoma, PMSA positron emission tomography-computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging for high-risk prostate cancer) or biological biomarkers (PSA for prostate cancer, HPV for head and neck cancer, etc) were conducted to more tailored treatments, with more favourable outcomes. Patients' quality of life and satisfaction appeared to be increasing aims. RCTs have validated (ultra)hypofractionated schemes in many indications as for breast, prostate or rectal cancer, resulting in equivalent outcomes and toxicities, more convenient for patients and favouring shared decision making. CONCLUSION Radiation therapy is a dynamic field of research, and many RCTs have greatly impacted therapeutic standards over the last years. Investments in radiotherapy research should facilitate the transfer of innovation to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Espenel
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, F-91220, Brétigny sur Orge, France.
| | - Pierre Blanchard
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, F-94270, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Oncostat, Inserm U-1018, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Sophie Bockel
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Daphne Morel
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Sofia Rivera
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U-1030, Laboratoire de Radiothérapie Moléculaire et d'Innovation Thérapeutique, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Antonin Levy
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, F-94270, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U-1030, Laboratoire de Radiothérapie Moléculaire et d'Innovation Thérapeutique, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Gustave Roussy, Département de Radiothérapie, F-94805, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, F-94270, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U-1030, Laboratoire de Radiothérapie Moléculaire et d'Innovation Thérapeutique, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
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Polgár C, Kahán Z, Ivanov O, Chorváth M, Ligačová A, Csejtei A, Gábor G, Landherr L, Mangel L, Mayer Á, Fodor J. Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer—Professional Guideline 1st Central-Eastern European Professional Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610378. [PMID: 35832115 PMCID: PMC9272418 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The international radiotherapy (RT) expert panel has revised and updated the RT guidelines that were accepted in 2020 at the 4th Hungarian Breast Cancer Consensus Conference, based on new scientific evidence. Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is indicated in ductal carcinoma in situ (stage 0), as RT decreases the risk of local recurrence (LR) by 50–60%. In early stage (stage I-II) invasive breast cancer RT remains a standard treatment following BCS. However, in elderly (≥70 years) patients with stage I, hormone receptor-positive tumour, hormonal therapy without RT can be considered. Hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (WBI) and for selected cases accelerated partial breast irradiation are validated treatment alternatives to conventional WBI administered for 5 weeks. Following mastectomy, RT significantly decreases the risk of LR and improves overall survival of patients who have 1 to 3 or ≥4 positive axillary lymph nodes. In selected cases of patients with 1 to 2 positive sentinel lymph nodes axillary dissection can be substituted with axillary RT. After neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) followed by BCS, WBI is mandatory, while after NST followed by mastectomy, locoregional RT should be given in cases of initial stage III–IV and ypN1 axillary status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Polgár
- Centre of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kahán
- Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Olivera Ivanov
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department for Radiation Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Martin Chorváth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Ligačová
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - András Csejtei
- Department of Oncoradiology, Markusovszky University Teaching Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gábor
- Oncoradiology Centre, Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - László Landherr
- Municipal Oncoradiology Centre, Uzsoki Street Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Mangel
- Oncotherapy Institute, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Árpád Mayer
- Municipal Oncoradiology Centre, Uzsoki Street Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Fodor
- Centre of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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Cozzi S, Augugliaro M, Ciammella P, Botti A, Trojani V, Najafi M, Blandino G, Ruggieri MP, Giaccherini L, Alì E, Iori F, Sardaro A, Finocchi Ghersi S, Deantonio L, Gutierrez Miguelez C, Iotti C, Bardoscia L. The Role of Interstitial Brachytherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment: An Overview of Indications, Applications, and Technical Notes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102564. [PMID: 35626168 PMCID: PMC9139312 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the female population. Adjuvant radiotherapy has become increasingly important as conservative treatment. Muticatheter interstitial brachytherapy is a type of radiation technique wherein the radioactive sources are directly implanted into or close to the target tissue and may be considered an extremely precise, versatile, and variable radiation technique. Literature data support muticatheter interstitial brachytherapy as the only method with strong scientific evidence to perform partial breast irradiation and reirradiation after previous conservative surgery and external beam radiotherapy. The aim of our work is to provide a comprehensive view of the use of interstitial brachytherapy, with particular focus on the implant description, limits, and advantages of the technique. Abstract Breast cancer represents the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the female population, despite continuing advances in treatment options that have significantly accelerated in recent years. Conservative treatments have radically changed the concept of healing, also focusing on the psychological aspect of oncological treatments. In this scenario, radiotherapy plays a key role. Brachytherapy is an extremely versatile radiation technique that can be used in various settings for breast cancer treatment. Although it is invasive, technically complex, and requires a long learning curve, the dosimetric advantages and sparing of organs at risk are unequivocal. Literature data support muticatheter interstitial brachytherapy as the only method with strong scientific evidence to perform partial breast irradiation and reirradiation after previous conservative surgery and external beam radiotherapy, with longer follow-up than new, emerging radiation techniques, whose effectiveness is proven by over 20 years of experience. The aim of our work is to provide a comprehensive view of the use of interstitial brachytherapy to perform breast lumpectomy boost, breast-conserving accelerated partial breast irradiation, and salvage reirradiation for ipsilateral breast recurrence, with particular focus on the implant description, limits, and advantages of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cozzi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-329-731-7608
| | - Matteo Augugliaro
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Patrizia Ciammella
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Andrea Botti
- Medical Physics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (V.T.)
| | - Valeria Trojani
- Medical Physics Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.B.); (V.T.)
| | - Masoumeh Najafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shohadaye Haft-e-Tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Teheran 1997667665, Iran;
| | - Gladys Blandino
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Maria Paola Ruggieri
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Lucia Giaccherini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Emanuele Alì
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Federico Iori
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Angela Sardaro
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Finocchi Ghersi
- Radiation Oncolgy Unit, AOU Sant’Andrea, Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Università La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Letizia Deantonio
- Radiation Oncology Clinic, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, 6500 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Cristina Gutierrez Miguelez
- Brachytherapy Unit, Department of Radiation Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cinzia Iotti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.A.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (M.P.R.); (L.G.); (E.A.); (F.I.); (C.I.)
| | - Lilia Bardoscia
- Radiation Oncology Unit, S. Luca Hospital, Healthcare Company Tuscany Nord Ovest, 55100 Lucca, Italy;
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Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1657-1658. [PMID: 35499601 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02821-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Herein A, Stelczer G, Pesznyák C, Fröhlich G, Smanykó V, Mészáros N, Polgár C, Takácsi-Nagy Z, Major T. CyberKnife versus multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy for accelerated partial breast irradiation: a dosimetrical assessment with focus on organs at risk. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2022; 27:152-160. [PMID: 35402040 PMCID: PMC8989445 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2022.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the study was to dosimetrically compare multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy (MIBT) and stereotactic radiotherapy with CyberKnife (CK) for accelerated partial breast irradiation with special focus on dose to organs at risk (OARs). Materials and methods Treatment plans of thirty-one patients treated with MIBT were selected and additional CK plans were created on the same CT images. The OARs included ipsilateral non-target and contralateral breast, ipsilateral and contralateral lung, skin, ribs, and heart for left sided cases. The fractionation was identical (4 × 6.25 Gy). Dose-volume parameters were calculated for both techniques and compared. Results The D90 of the PTV for MIBT and CK were similar (102.4% vs. 103.6%, p = 0.0654), but in COIN the MIBT achieved lower value (0.75 vs. 0.91, p < 0.001). Regarding the V100 parameter of non-target breast CK performed slightly better than MIBT (V100: 1.1% vs. 1.6%), but for V90, V50 and V25 MIBT resulted in less dose. Every examined parameter of ipsilateral lung, skin, ribs and contralateral lung was significantly smaller for MIBT than for CK. Protection of the heart was slightly better with MIBT, but only the difference of D2cm3 was statistically significant (17.3% vs. 20.4%, p = 0.0311). There were no significant differences among the dose-volume parameters of the contralateral breast. Conclusion The target volume can be properly irradiated by both techniques with high conformity and similar dose to the OARs. MIBT provides more advantageous plans than CK, except for dose conformity and the dosimetry of the heart and contralateral breast. More studies are needed to analyze whether these dosimetrical findings have clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Herein
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Budapest University of Technology and Economic, Institute of Nuclear Techniques, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Stelczer
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Budapest University of Technology and Economic, Institute of Nuclear Techniques, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Pesznyák
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Budapest University of Technology and Economic, Institute of Nuclear Techniques, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georgina Fröhlich
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Smanykó
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Mészáros
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Polgár
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Takácsi-Nagy
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Major
- National Institute of Oncology, Centre of Radiotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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Garduño-Sánchez S, Villanego-Beltrán I, de Las Peñas-Cabrera MD, Jaén-Olasolo J. Response to letter to the Editor. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1831-1832. [PMID: 35355156 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Garduño-Sánchez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Ana de Viya 21 Avenue, 11009, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Isabel Villanego-Beltrán
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Ana de Viya 21 Avenue, 11009, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - María Dolores de Las Peñas-Cabrera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Ana de Viya 21 Avenue, 11009, Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Gladiolo s/n, 28933, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Jaén-Olasolo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Ana de Viya 21 Avenue, 11009, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
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Jacobs DHM, Mast ME, Horeweg N, Speijer G, Petoukhova AL, Straver M, Coerkamp EG, Hazelbag HM, Merkus J, Roeloffzen EMA, Zwanenburg LG, van der Sijp J, Fiocco M, Marijnen CAM, Koper PCM. Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation using External-Beam or Intraoperative Electron Radiotherapy: 5 year oncological outcomes of a prospective cohort study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 113:570-581. [PMID: 35301990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after two accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) techniques (intraoperative electron radiotherapy, IOERT and external-beam APBI, EB-APBI) in patients with early stage breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 2011 and 2016, women ≥60 years with breast carcinoma or DCIS of ≤30mm and cN0 undergoing breast conserving therapy were included in a two-armed prospective multi-center cohort study. IOERT (1 × 23.3Gy prescribed at the 100% isodose line) was applied in one hospital and EB-APBI (10 × 3.85Gy daily) in 2 other hospitals. Primary endpoint was IBTR (all recurrences in the ipsilateral breast irrespective of localization) at 5 years after lumpectomy. A competing risk model was used to estimate the cumulative incidences of IBTR, which were compared using Fine and Gray's test. Secondary endpoints were locoregional recurrence rate (LRR), distant recurrence, disease specific survival and overall survival. Univariate Cox-regression models were estimated to identify risk factors for IBTR. Analyses were performed of the intention to treat (ITT) population (IOERT n=305; EB-APBI n=295), and sensitivity analyses were done of the per-protocol population (PP) (IOERT n=270; EB-APBI n=207). RESULTS Median follow up was 5.2 years (IOERT) and 5 years (EB-APBI). Cumulative incidence of IBTR in the ITT population at 5 years after lumpectomy was 10.6% (95% confidence interval 7.0-14.2%) after IOERT and 3.7% (95%CI 1.2-5.9%) after EB-APBI (p=0.002). LRR was significantly higher after IOERT than EB-APBI (12.1% vs 4.5%, p=0.001). There were no differences between groups in other endpoints. Sensitivity analysis showed similar results. For both groups, no significant risk factors for IBTR were identified in the ITT population. In the PP population surgical margin status was the only significant risk factor for developing IBTR in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrences and locoregional recurrence rates were unexpectedly high in patients treated with IOERT, and acceptable in patients treated with EB-APBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne H M Jacobs
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden, The Netherlands; Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leidschendam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mirjam E Mast
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leidschendam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nanda Horeweg
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabrielle Speijer
- Haga Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Anna L Petoukhova
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leidschendam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Straver
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Leidschendam, The Netherlands
| | - Emile G Coerkamp
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Leidschendam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Marten Hazelbag
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leidschendam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Merkus
- Haga Hospital, Department of Surgery, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Joost van der Sijp
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Leidschendam, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Statistics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Corrie A M Marijnen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden, The Netherlands; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Koper
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhai D, An D, Wan C, Yang K. Radiotherapy: Brightness and darkness in the era of immunotherapy. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101366. [PMID: 35219093 PMCID: PMC8881489 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immunotherapy into cancer treatment has radically changed clinical management of tumors. However, only a minority of patients (approximately 10 to 30%) exhibit long-term response to monotherapy with immunotherapy. Moreover, there are still many cancer types, including pancreatic cancer and glioma, which are resistant to immunotherapy. Due to the immunomodulatory effects of radiotherapy, the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy has achieved better therapeutic effects in a number of clinical trials. However, radiotherapy is a double-edged sword in the sense that it also attenuates the immune system under certain doses and fractionation schedules, not all clinical trials show improved survival in the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, elucidation of the interactions between radiotherapy and the immune system is warranted to optimize the synergistic effects of radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we highlight the dark side as well as bright side of radiotherapy on tumor immune microenvironment and immune system. We also elucidate current status of radioimmunotherapy, both in preclinical and clinical studies, and highlight that combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy attenuates combinatorial effects in some circumstances. Moreover, we provide insights for better combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Zhai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dandan An
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Lattimore CM, Meneveau MO, Petroni GR, Varhegyi NE, Squeo GC, Showalter TN, Showalter SL. Effects of a novel form of intraoperative radiation therapy on quality of life among patients with early-stage breast cancer. Brachytherapy 2022; 21:325-333. [PMID: 35120862 PMCID: PMC9149037 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate patient-perceived quality of life (QOL) among patients treated with a novel form of breast intraoperative radiation therapy (PB-IORT). METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients treated with PB-IORT as part of a phase II clinical trial from 2013 to 2020 were identified. Patients were given the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core 30-item Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) encompassing global health, functionality, and symptomatology at baseline, 1-month, 6-months, 12-months, and 24-months after PB-IORT. Scores were on a 100-point scale with change greater than 10 considered clinically significant. Scores at interval follow-up were compared to baseline using repeated measure modeling with an unstructured covariance matrix. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 303 patients, a majority of which were White (84.2%) with a median age of 64 years (IQR: 52, 76). One month after PB-IORT, a decline from baseline in physical (-2.5, 95% CI: -4.4 - -0.55, p = 0.01), role (-7.6, 95% CI: -11.7 - -3.5, p < 0.001), and social functioning (-3.0, 95% CI: -5.5 - -0.42, p = 0.02) were observed, which correlated with increased fatigue (8.4, 95% CI: 5.5-11.3, p < 0.001). At 6 months, nearly all QOL measures returned to baseline or improved. There were no statistically or clinically significant differences from baseline in overall global health. All functional and symptom scale differences were less than 10, indicating minimal clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS PB-IORT has minimal negative impact on QOL, further supporting this patient-centered treatment approach for early-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Lattimore
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
| | - Max O Meneveau
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Gina R Petroni
- Division of Translational Research & Applied Statistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Nikole E Varhegyi
- Division of Translational Research & Applied Statistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Gabriella C Squeo
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Timothy N Showalter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia Health System, VA 22908
| | - Shayna L Showalter
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
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Marinopoulos S, Dimitrakakis C, Kalampalikis A, Zagouri F, Andrikopoulou A, Rodolakis A. Adjuvant Treatment of Elderly Breast Cancer Patients: Offer the Best Chances of Cure. Breast Care (Basel) 2022; 17:71-80. [PMID: 35355693 PMCID: PMC8914240 DOI: 10.1159/000513708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer remains the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of death. Elderly people have a higher incidence of breast cancer since it increases with age. Furthermore, the extended life expectancy and advances in imaging techniques have led to an increased number of cases. Guidelines concerning the management of this specific age group are rare, mainly due to underrepresentation of seniors in clinical trials. Moreover, increased frailty, comorbidities, and a poor performance status make it complex to determine the best therapeutic approach. Summary In this review, we attempt to summarize the current literature and aim to provide specific approaches and recommendations for prompt diagnosis, treatment, and management of breast cancer in the elderly. Key Messages The establishment of applicable protocols is imperative and efforts are being made in this direction. A careful geriatric assessment and adequate consultation should be the standard of care and patient's preferences should always be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Marinopoulos
- Breast Unit, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece,*Spyridon Marinopoulos, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, 80 V. Sofias Ave., GR–11528 Athens (Greece),
| | - Constantine Dimitrakakis
- Breast Unit, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Kalampalikis
- Breast Unit, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Andrikopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Rodolakis
- Breast Unit, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Loap P, De Marzi L, Almeida CE, Barcellini A, Bradley J, de Santis MC, Dendale R, Jimenez R, Orlandi E, Kirova Y. Hadrontherapy techniques for breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 169:103574. [PMID: 34958916 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays a key role in breast cancer treatment, and recent technical advances have been made to improve the therapeutic window by limiting the risk of radiation-induced toxicity or by increasing tumor control. Hadrontherapy is a form a radiotherapy relying on particle beams; compared with photon beams, particle beams have specific physical, radiobiological and immunological properties, which can be valuable in diverse clinical situations. To date, available hadrontherapy techniques for breast cancer irradiation include proton therapy, carbon ion radiation therapy, fast neutron therapy and boron neutron capture therapy. This review analyzes the current rationale and level of evidence for each hadrontherapy technique for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Loap
- Proton Therapy Center, Institut Curie, Orsay, France.
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Julie Bradley
- University of Florida Health Proton Therapy Institute, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Remi Dendale
- Proton Therapy Center, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
| | - Rachel Jimenez
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ester Orlandi
- National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Youlia Kirova
- Proton Therapy Center, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
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Vicini F, Broughman J, Halima A, Mayo Z, Obi E, Al-Hilli Z, Arthur D, Wazer D, Shah C. Delivery of Adjuvant Radiation in 5 Days or Less After Lumpectomy for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:1090-1104. [PMID: 34921906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data have been published supporting the application of ultra-short radiation therapy (RT) regimens for women with early stage breast cancer following breast conserving surgery (BCS). What has remained controversial is whether and how to apply accelerated whole breast irradiation (AWBI) or accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) approaches in these patients, as well as the consideration of intraoperative RT (IORT) for this population. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the literature searching for randomized and prospective data published evaluating ultra-short RT delivered in 5-days or less with APBI, AWBI, or IORT. RESULTS We identified two randomized studies applying AWBI (n=5,011 patients) with 5 to 10 year follow up, which supported the use of ultra-short course AWBI (5 fractions in one week) as compared to hypofractionated WBI. We identified six randomized trials evaluating APBI (as compared to WBI) in 5 days or less (n= 8,415) with numerous (n=55) prospective studies as well, with the data supporting short course APBI as compared to WBI. Finally, we identified two randomized trials evaluating IORT; however, both trials demonstrated elevated rates of recurrence with IORT as compared to WBI. CONCLUSIONS The current body of data available for ultra-short adjuvant RT regimens delivered in 5-days or less after BCS overwhelming support their utilization. While data for both exists, APBI regimens have, by far, greater numbers of patients and longer follow-up as compared to AWBI. Also, given increased rates of recurrence seen with IORT with long-term follow-up, this should not be considered a standard approach at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Broughman
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Halima
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zachary Mayo
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Obi
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zahraa Al-Hilli
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Douglas Arthur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - David Wazer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chirag Shah
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Song YC, Sun GY, Fang H, Tang Y, Song YW, Hu C, Qi SN, Chen B, Jing H, Tang Y, Jin J, Liu YP, Lu NN, Li YX, Wang SL. Quality of Life After Partial or Whole-Breast Irradiation in Breast-Conserving Therapy for Low-Risk Breast Cancer: 1-Year Results of a Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738318. [PMID: 34604082 PMCID: PMC8480312 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report patients’ quality of life (QoL) at 1 year in a phase 2 randomized trial comparing partial breast irradiation (PBI) with whole-breast irradiation (WBI) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for breast cancer. Methods Women aged ≥ 45 years with low-risk breast cancer after BCS were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PBI (40 Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks) or WBI (43.5 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks). The primary endpoint—the incidence of toxicities of grade 2 or higher—will be reported when participants complete 5 years of follow-up. QoL was assessed at baseline (T0), at the end of radiotherapy (RT) (T1), 6 months (T2) and 1 year (T3) after RT by using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. We calculated the scores for all QOL subscales and differences in mean scores were compared. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03583619). Results Between June 2017 and January 2019, 140 women were randomly assigned to receive PBI or WBI (n = 70 per group). Fifty-nine and 56 patients treated with PBI and WBI, respectively, were eligible for the QoL analysis. There were no significant differences in any subscale scores at T0, T1, T2, or T3 between the PBI and WBI arms. The scores for most QoL subscales that were influenced by RT recovered to a similar or better level relative to T0 scores within 1 year after RT, except for the scores of the dyspnea subscale. Longitudinal analysis showed that time since RT had a significant impact on physical functioning, role functioning, social functioning, fatigue, pain, dyspnea, financial difficulties, body image, and breast and arm symptoms. Conclusion PBI using the intensity-modulated RT affords QoL comparable to that provided by WBI. Most QoL subscale scores that were influenced by RT recovered to a similar or better level relative to baseline scores within 1 year after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, United States
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Harkenrider MM, Albuquerque K, Brown D, Kamrava M, King M, Mourtada F, Orio P, Patel R, Price M, Rassiah P, Solanki AA, Small W, Schechter NR. ACR-ABS-ASTRO practice parameter for the performance of radionuclide-based high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Brachytherapy 2021; 20:1071-1082. [PMID: 34588143 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This practice parameter aims to detail the processes, qualifications of personnel, patient selection, equipment, patient and personnel safety, documentation, and quality control and improvement necessary for an HDR brachytherapy program. METHODS AND MATERIALS This practice parameter was revised collaboratively by the American College of Radiology (ACR), the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). RESULTS Brachytherapy is a radiotherapeutic modality in which radionuclide or electronic sources are used to deliver a radiation dose at a distance of up to a few centimeters by surface, intracavitary, intraluminal, or interstitial application. Brachytherapy alone or combined with external beam radiotherapy plays an important role in the management and treatment of patients with cancer. High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy uses radionuclides, such as iridium-192, at dose rates of ≥12 Gy/hr to a designated target point or volume, and it is an important treatment for a variety of malignant and benign conditions. Its use allows for application of high doses of radiation to defined target volumes with relative sparing of adjacent critical structures. CONCLUSIONS HDR brachytherapy requires detailed attention to personnel, equipment, patient and personnel safety, and continuing staff education. Coordination between the radiation oncologist and treatment planning staff and effective quality assurance procedures are important components of successful HDR brachytherapy programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Albuquerque
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - Martin King
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Peter Orio
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Michael Price
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Prema Rassiah
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - William Small
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Naomi R Schechter
- Keck Medical Center of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer, Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Mills MN, Russo NW, Fahey M, Nanda RH, Raiker S, Jastrzebski J, Stout LL, Wilson JP, Altoos TA, Allen KG, Blumencranz PW, Diaz R. Increased Risk for Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence in Invasive Lobular Carcinoma after Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Brachytherapy. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1931-e1938. [PMID: 34516030 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The suitability criteria for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) from the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), and The Groupe Européende Curiethérapie European SocieTy for Radiotherapy & Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) have significant differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a single institution retrospective review of 946 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent lumpectomy and APBI intracavitary brachytherapy from 2003 to 2018. Overall survival (OS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) were estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 60.2 months. Median age was 68 years (46-94 years). The majority of patients had estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease (94%). There were 821 (87%) cases of invasive ductal carcinoma and 68 cases (7%) of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). The 5-year OS, BCSS, RFS, and IBTR were 93%, 99%, 90%, and 1.5%, respectively. Upon univariate analysis, ILC (hazard ratio [HR], 4.6; p = .008) and lack of nodal evaluation (HR, 6.9; p = .01) were risk factors for IBTR. The 10-year IBTR was 2.5% for IDC and 14% for ILC. While the ABS and ASTRO criteria could not predict IBTR, the GEC-ESTRO intermediate risk group was associated with inferior IBTR (p = .04) when compared to both low risk and high risk groups. None of the suitability criteria was able to predict RFS. CONCLUSION These results show that APBI is an effective treatment for patients with invasive breast cancer. Expansion of the current eligibility criteria should be considered, although prospective validation is needed. Caution is required when considering APBI for patients with ILC. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE In a large retrospective review of 946 patients with early breast cancer treated with partial mastectomy and accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) intracavitary brachytherapy, this study demonstrates durable local control. Patients deemed unsuitable or high risk by the American Brachytherapy Society, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology guidelines were not at increased risk for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), suggesting that expansion of the current criteria should be considered. Importantly, however, these results demonstrate that caution should be taken when considering APBI for patients with invasive lobular carcinoma, as these patients had relatively high risk for IBTR (10-year IBTR, 14%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Mills
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Nicholas W Russo
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Fahey
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ronica H Nanda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jason P Wilson
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center of Tampa Bay, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, Florida, USA
| | | | - Kathleen G Allen
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center of Tampa Bay, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, Florida, USA
| | - Peter W Blumencranz
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center of Tampa Bay, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, Florida, USA
| | - Roberto Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Patient-reported quality of life with interstitial partial breast brachytherapy and external beam whole breast radiotherapy: a comparison using propensity-score matching. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2021; 13:387-394. [PMID: 34484352 PMCID: PMC8407260 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2021.107690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare patient-reported quality of life (QOL) scores after accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using interstitial brachytherapy vs. external beam whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) for breast cancer. Material and methods Women with breast cancer treated with WBRT or APBI after breast conservation surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Single cross-sectional QOL assessment was performed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR-23 questionnaires. Patients treated with APBI were propensity-score matched to similar cohort of patients treated with WBRT. QOL scores were analyzed for the entire unmatched cohort and compared between the two matched cohorts using Student’s two-tailed t-test. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and a 10-point difference between mean scores was considered clinically meaningful. Results A total of 64 APBI patients were matched with 99 WBRT patients out of the entire study cohort of 320 cases. QOL scores for functional scales of QLQ-C30 were similar between the two groups for both matched and unmatched cohorts, while symptom scores of QLQ-C30 did not show any clinically significant difference. Functional scales of BR-23 did not show any clinical or statistically significant difference. Among symptom scales of BR-23, scores were similar for APBI and WBRT groups except for a worse score of “upset by hair loss” sub-scale in the brachytherapy group of the matched cohort (51.9 vs. 22.7, p = 0.006). Conclusions Patients undergoing APBI reported similar QOL compared to WBRT when matched for various factors.
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Hickey BE, Lehman M. Partial breast irradiation versus whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 8:CD007077. [PMID: 34459500 PMCID: PMC8406917 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007077.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast-conserving therapy for women with breast cancer consists of local excision of the tumour (achieving clear margins) followed by radiotherapy (RT). Most true recurrences occur in the same quadrant as the original tumour. Whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) may not protect against the development of a new primary cancer developing in other quadrants of the breast. In this Cochrane Review, we investigated the delivery of radiation to a limited volume of the breast around the tumour bed (partial breast irradiation (PBI)) sometimes with a shortened treatment duration (accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI)). OBJECTIVES To determine whether PBI/APBI is equivalent to or better than conventional or hypofractionated WBRT after breast-conserving therapy for early-stage breast cancer. SEARCH METHODS On 27 August 2020, we searched the Cochrane Breast Cancer Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and three trial databases. We searched for grey literature: OpenGrey (September 2020), reference lists of articles, conference proceedings and published abstracts, and applied no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) without confounding, that evaluated conservative surgery plus PBI/APBI versus conservative surgery plus WBRT. Published and unpublished trials were eligible. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors (BH and ML) performed data extraction, used Cochrane's risk of bias tool and resolved any disagreements through discussion, and assessed the certainty of the evidence for main outcomes using GRADE. Main outcomes were local recurrence-free survival, cosmesis, overall survival, toxicity (subcutaneous fibrosis), cause-specific survival, distant metastasis-free survival and subsequent mastectomy. We entered data into Review Manager 5 for analysis. MAIN RESULTS We included nine RCTs that enrolled 15,187 women who had invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in-situ (6.3%) with T1-2N0-1M0 Grade I or II unifocal tumours (less than 2 cm or 3 cm or less) treated with breast-conserving therapy with negative margins. This is the second update of the review and includes two new studies and 4432 more participants. Local recurrence-free survival is probably slightly reduced (by 3/1000, 95% CI 6 fewer to 0 fewer) with the use of PBI/APBI compared to WBRT (hazard ratio (HR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03 to 1.42; 8 studies, 13,168 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Cosmesis (physician/nurse-reported) is probably worse (by 63/1000, 95% CI 35 more to 92 more) with the use of PBI/APBI (odds ratio (OR) 1.57, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.87; 6 studies, 3652 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Overall survival is similar (0/1000 fewer, 95% CI 6 fewer to 6 more) with PBI/APBI and WBRT (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.12; 8 studies, 13,175 participants; high-certainty evidence). Late radiation toxicity (subcutaneous fibrosis) is probably increased (by 14/1000 more, 95% CI 102 more to 188 more) with PBI/APBI (OR 5.07, 95% CI 3.81 to 6.74; 2 studies, 3011 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The use of PBI/APBI probably makes little difference (1/1000 less, 95% CI 6 fewer to 3 more) to cause-specific survival (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.36; 7 studies, 9865 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). We found the use of PBI/APBI compared with WBRT probably makes little or no difference (1/1000 fewer (95% CI 4 fewer to 6 more)) to distant metastasis-free survival (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.13; 7 studies, 11,033 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). We found the use of PBI/APBI in comparison with WBRT makes little or no difference (2/1000 fewer, 95% CI 20 fewer to 20 more) to mastectomy rates (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.23; 3 studies, 3740 participants, high-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS It appeared that local recurrence-free survival is probably worse with PBI/APBI; however, the difference was small and nearly all women remain free of local recurrence. Overall survival is similar with PBI/APBI and WBRT, and we found little to no difference in other oncological outcomes. Some late effects (subcutaneous fibrosis) may be worse with PBI/APBI and its use is probably associated with worse cosmetic outcomes. The limitations of the data currently available mean that we cannot make definitive conclusions about the efficacy and safety or ways to deliver PBI/APBI. We await completion of ongoing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid E Hickey
- Radiation Oncology Raymond Terrace, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margot Lehman
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Division of Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Health-related quality of life of early-stage breast cancer patients after different radiotherapy regimens. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 189:387-398. [PMID: 34216316 PMCID: PMC8357747 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate and compare health-related quality of life (HRQL) of women with early-stage breast cancer (BC) treated with different radiotherapy (RT) regimens. Methods Data were collected from five prospective cohorts of BC patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and different RT regimens: intraoperative RT (IORT, 1 × 23.3 Gy; n = 267), external beam accelerated partial breast irradiation (EB-APBI, 10 × 3.85 Gy; n = 206), hypofractionated whole breast irradiation(hypo-WBI, 16 × 2.67 Gy; n = 375), hypo-WBI + boost(hypo-WBI-B, 21–26 × 2.67 Gy; n = 189), and simultaneous WBI + boost(WBI-B, 28 × 2.3 Gy; n = 475). Women ≥ 60 years with invasive/in situ carcinoma ≤ 30 mm, cN0 and pN0-1a were included. Validated EORTC QLQ-C30/BR23 questionnaires were used to asses HRQL. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for confounding (age, comorbidity, pT, locoregional treatment, systemic therapy) were used to compare the impact of the RT regimens on HRQL at 12 and 24 months. Differences in HRQL over time (3–24 months) were evaluated using linear mixed models. Results There were no significant differences in HRQL at 12 months between groups except for breast symptoms which were better after IORT and EB-APBI compared to hypo-WBI at 12 months (p < 0.001). Over time, breast symptoms, fatigue, global health status and role functioning were significantly better after IORT and EB-APBI than hypo-WBI. At 24 months, HRQL was comparable in all groups. Conclusion In women with early-stage breast cancer, the radiotherapy regimen did not substantially influence long-term HRQL with the exception of breast symptoms. Breast symptoms are more common after WBI than after IORT or EB-APBI and improve slowly until no significant difference remains at 2 years posttreatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10549-021-06314-4.
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Haussmann J, Budach W, Strnad V, Corradini S, Krug D, Schmidt L, Tamaskovics B, Bölke E, Simiantonakis I, Kammers K, Matuschek C. Comparing Local and Systemic Control between Partial- and Whole-Breast Radiotherapy in Low-Risk Breast Cancer-A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2967. [PMID: 34199281 PMCID: PMC8231985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE The standard treatment for localized low-risk breast cancer is breast-conserving surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and appropriate systemic therapy. As the majority of local recurrences occur at the site of the primary tumor, numerous trials have investigated partial-breast irradiation (PBI) instead of whole-breast treatment (WBI) using a multitude of irradiation techniques and fractionation regimens. This meta-analysis addresses the impact on disease-specific endpoints, such as local and regional control, as well as disease-free survival of PBI compared to that of WBI in published randomized trials. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review and searched for randomized trials comparing WBI and PBI in early-stage breast cancer with publication dates after 2009. The meta-analysis was based on the published event rates and the effect sizes for available oncological endpoints of at least two trials reporting on them. We evaluated in-breast tumor recurrences (IBTR), local recurrences at the primary site and elsewhere in the ipsilateral breast, regional recurrences (RR), distant metastasis-free interval (DMFI), disease-free survival (DFS), contralateral breast cancer (CBC), and second primary cancer (SPC). Furthermore, we aimed to assess the impact of different PBI techniques and subgroups on IBTR. We performed all statistical analyses using the inverse variance heterogeneity model to pool effect sizes. RESULTS For the intended meta-analysis, we identified 13 trials (overall 15,561 patients) randomizing between PBI and WBI. IBTR was significantly higher after PBI (OR = 1.66; CI-95%: 1.07-2.58; p = 0.024) with an absolute difference of 1.35%. We detected significant heterogeneity in the analysis of the PBI technique with intraoperative radiotherapy resulting in higher local relapse rates (OR = 3.67; CI-95%: 2.28-5.90; p < 0.001). Other PBI techniques did not show differences to WBI in IBTR. Both strategies were equally effective at the primary tumor site, but PBI resulted in statistically more IBTRs elsewhere in the ipsilateral breast. IBTRs after WBI were more likely to be located at the primary tumor bed, whereas they appeared equally distributed within the breast after PBI. RR was also more frequent after PBI (OR = 1.75; CI-95%: 1.07-2.88; p < 0.001), yet we did not detect any differences in DMFI (OR = 1.08; CI-95%: 0.89-1.30; p = 0.475). DFS was significantly longer in patients treated with WBI (OR = 1.14; CI-95%: 1.02-1.27; p = 0.003). CBC and SPC were not different in the test groups (OR = 0.81; CI-95%: 0.65-1.01; p = 0.067 and OR = 1.09; CI-95%: 0.85-1.40; p = 0.481, respectively). CONCLUSION Limiting the target volume to partial-breast radiotherapy appears to be appropriate when selecting patients with a low risk for local and regional recurrences and using a suitable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Haussmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Wilfried Budach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Vratislav Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Corradini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital LMU (Ludwig Maximillian), 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - David Krug
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Livia Schmidt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Balint Tamaskovics
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Edwin Bölke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Ioannis Simiantonakis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Kai Kammers
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Christiane Matuschek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (J.H.); (W.B.); (L.S.); (B.T.); (I.S.); (C.M.)
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Dickhoff LR, Vrancken Peeters MJ, Bosman PA, Alderliesten T. Therapeutic applications of radioactive sources: from image-guided brachytherapy to radio-guided surgical resection. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF... 2021; 65:190-201. [PMID: 34105339 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.21.03370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It is well known nowadays that radioactivity can destroy the living cells it interacts with. It is therefore unsurprising that radioactive sources, such as iodine-125, were historically developed for treatment purposes within radiation oncology with the goal of damaging malignant cells. However, since then, new techniques have been invented that make creative use of the same radioactivity properties of these sources for medical applications. Here, we review two distinct kinds of therapeutic uses of radioactive sources with applications to prostate, cervical, and breast cancer: brachytherapy and radioactive seed localization. In brachytherapy (BT), the radioactive sources are used for internal radiation treatment. Current approaches make use of real-time image guidance, for instance by means of magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computed tomography, and sometimes positron emission tomography, depending on clinical availability and cancer type. Such image-guided BT for prostate and cervical cancer presents a promising alternative and/or addition to external beam radiation treatments or surgical resections. Radioactive sources can also be used for radio-guided tumor localization during surgery, for which the example of iodine-125 seed use in breast cancer is given. Radioactive seed localization (RSL) is increasingly popular as an alternative tumor localization technique during breast cancer surgery. Advantages of applying RSL include added flexibility in the clinical scheduling logistics, an increase in tumor localization accuracy, and higher patient satisfaction; safety measures do however have to be employed. We exemplify the implementation of RSL in a clinic through experiences at the Netherlands Cancer Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Dickhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands -
| | - Marie-Jeanne Vrancken Peeters
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A Bosman
- Life Sciences and Health group, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Alderliesten
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Jennings S, Anstey S, Bower J, Brewster A, Buckman J, Fenlon D, Fitzsimmons D, Watts T. Experiences of cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ExCIm)-insights of people affected by cancer and healthcare professionals: a qualitative study protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043750. [PMID: 34045214 PMCID: PMC8162091 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a global interest in cancer immunotherapy. Clinical trials have found that one group, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has demonstrated clinical benefits across various cancers. However, research focused on the experiences of people affected by cancer who have undergone this treatment using qualitative methodology is currently limited. Moreover, little is known about the experiences and education needs of the healthcare staff supporting the people receiving these immunotherapies. This study therefore seeks to explore the experiences of using ICIs by both the people affected by cancer and the healthcare professionals who support those people, and use the findings to make recommendations for ICI supportive care guidance development, cancer immunotherapy education materials for healthcare professionals, cancer policy and further research. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Patient participants (n=up to 30) will be recruited within the UK. The sample will incorporate a range of perspectives, sociodemographic factors, diagnoses and ICI treatments, yet share some common experiences. Healthcare professionals (n=up to 15) involved in supporting people receiving immunotherapy will also be recruited from across the UK. Data will be generated through in-depth, semistructured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis will be used to obtain thorough understanding of individual's perspectives on, and experiences of, immunotherapy. Study dates are as follows: December 2019-March 2022. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research will be performed in accordance with the UK Policy for Health and Social Care Research and Cardiff University's Research Integrity and Governance Code of Practice (2018). The study received ethical approval from the West Midlands and Black Country Research Ethics Committee in October 2019. Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales approvals were confirmed in December 2019. All participants will provide informed consent. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals, non-academic platforms, the Macmillan Cancer Support website, disseminated at relevant national and international conferences and presented via a webinar. The study is listed on the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network Central Portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sally Anstey
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Janet Bower
- Chemotherapy Day Unit, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Haverfordwest, UK
| | - Alison Brewster
- South West Wales Cancer Centre, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Deborah Fenlon
- Department of Nursing, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Deborah Fitzsimmons
- Swansea Centre for Health Economics, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Tessa Watts
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Boulahssass R, Chand ME, Gal J, Dittlot C, Schiappa R, Rambaud C, Gonfrier S, Guerin O, Hannoun-Levi JM. Quality of life and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in older adults receiving Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) using a single fraction of Multi-Catheter Interstitial High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy (MIB). The SiFEBI phase I/II trial. J Geriatr Oncol 2021; 12:1085-1091. [PMID: 33994151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The SiFEBI trial demonstrated that a post-operative Multicatheter Interstitial Brachytherapy (MIB) appears feasible and with acceptable toxicity in older adults aged 70 years and older presenting with low-risk breast cancer. The aim of the present ancillary study was to analyze the quality of life and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) domains within 6 months in older adults receiving Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) using a single fraction of MIB. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 11/2012 to 09/2014, 37 patients were included and 26 were evaluable. Patients (pts) aged 70 years and older with a Balducci score of 1 or 2 and presenting with low-risk breast cancer were prospectively enrolled in this phase I/II trial (NCT01727011). After lumpectomy, intra-operative catheter implantation was performed for post-operative APBI after pathological findings. Quality of life (QoL) evaluation and CGA were scheduled at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after APBI. Autonomy decline was defined as a 1-point decrease in Activities of Daily Living (ADL). RESULTS Mean age was 77 years. Within the first 6 months of follow-up, no autonomy decline was observed in ADL, 3 patients had an autonomy decline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and 2 patients had a slower gait speed but no changes in cognitive function, nutritional status, and depression screening. Global QoL was quite similar at baseline compared to 1, 3, and 6 months. No differences were observed for functional items. CONCLUSION APBI based on a single fraction of MIB in older adults with low-risk breast cancer appears to be feasible with a minimal loss of autonomy regarding IADL, no loss of autonomy in ADL, an acceptable decrease in other CGA domains, and with no impact on global quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Boulahssass
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), PACA Est CHU de NICE, France; FHU ONCOAGE, Nice, France; University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | | | - Jocelyn Gal
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Lacassagne Center, Nice, France
| | - Claire Dittlot
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), PACA Est CHU de NICE, France; Department of Surgical Oncology, Lacassagne Center, Nice, France
| | - Renaud Schiappa
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Lacassagne Center, Nice, France
| | - Cyrielle Rambaud
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), PACA Est CHU de NICE, France
| | - Sebastien Gonfrier
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), PACA Est CHU de NICE, France
| | - Olivier Guerin
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), PACA Est CHU de NICE, France; FHU ONCOAGE, Nice, France; University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Jean Michel Hannoun-Levi
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France; Department of Radiotherapy, Lacassagne Center, Nice, France
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Hannoun-Levi JM, Chamorey E, Boulahssass R, Polgar C, Strnad V. Endocrine therapy with accelerated Partial breast irradiati On or exclusive ultra-accelerated Partial breast irradiation for women aged ≥ 60 years with Early-stage breast cancer (EPOPE): The rationale for a GEC-ESTRO randomized phase III-controlled trial. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 29:1-8. [PMID: 33997321 PMCID: PMC8102143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic data confirm the increase of breast cancer incidence in the elderly. The risk of recurrence of breast cancer is basically low. De-escalation breast cancer adjuvant therapy is justified in selected elderly patients. Ultra-accelerated breast irradiation with endocrine therapy omission is under debate. Prospective randomized trial is warranted.
Purpose Breast cancer in the elderly has become a public health concern; there is a need to re-design its treatment with a view to de-escalation. Our paper sets out the rationale for a phase 3 randomized trial to evaluate less burdensome adjuvant procedures that remain effective and efficient. Materials and methods For low-risk breast cancer in the elderly, adjuvant treatment has been adjusted in order to make it more suitable and efficient. Hypofractionated radiation therapy based on accelerated or non-accelerated regimens as well as accelerated and ultra-accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) protocols were reviewed. Withdrawal of radiation (RT) or endocrine therapies (ET) from the adjuvant procedure were also investigated. Based on molecular and APBI classifications, inclusion criteria were discussed. Results Phase 3 randomized trials which compared standard vs. accelerated/non-accelerated hypofractionated regimens confirmed that the latter were non-inferior in terms of local control. Similarly, except for intraoperative-based techniques, APBI achieved non-inferior local control rates compared to whole breast irradiation for low-risk breast cancer. In phase 2 prospective trials using ultra APBI, encouraging results were observed regarding oncological outcome and toxicity profile. In phase 3 trials, adjuvant ET without RT significantly increased the rate of local relapse with no impact on overall survival while RT alone proved effective. Elderly patients aged 60 or more with low-risk, luminal A breast cancer were chosen as the target population in a phase 3 randomized trial comparing APBI + 5-year ET vs. uAPBI (16 Gy 1f) alone. Conclusion To investigate de-escalation adjuvant treatment for elderly breast cancer patients, we have defined a road map for testing more convenient strategies. This EPOPE phase 3 randomized trial is supported by the GEC-ESTRO breast cancer working group.
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Key Words
- ABS, American Brachytherapy Society
- APBI, Accelerated and partial breast irradiation
- ASTRO, American Society of Radiation Oncology
- BCS, Breast cancer surgery
- BCWG, Breast Cancer Working Group
- Brachytherapy
- Breast cancer in the elderly
- DCIS, Ductal carcinoma in situ
- DFS, Disease-free survival
- EPOPE, Endocrine therapy with accelerated Partial breast irradiatiOn or exclusive ultra-accelerated Partial breast irradiation for women aged ≥ 60 years with Early stage breast cancer
- EQD2, Equivalent Dose in 2Gy fractions
- ET, Endocrine therapy
- Endocrine therapy
- GEC-ESTRO, Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie/European Society for Therapeutic Radiation and Oncology
- HDB, High-dose rate Brachytherapy
- LCIS, Lobular carcinoma in situ
- MAPBI, Molecular and APBI GEC-ESTRO
- MIB, Multicatheter Interstitial Brachytherapy
- Oncogeriatric assessment
- QoL, Quality of Life
- RT, Radiotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- WBI, Whole breast irradiation
- uAPBI, ultra-Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Centre, University of Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Emmanuel Chamorey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Centre, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Rabia Boulahssass
- Geriatric Unit. CHU de NICE, FHU ONCOAGE, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Csaba Polgar
- Department of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vratislav Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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Li X, Sanz J, Foro P, Martínez A, Zhao M, Reig A, Liu F, Huang Y, Membrive I, Algara M, Rodríguez N. Long-term results of a randomized partial irradiation trial compared to whole breast irradiation in the early stage and low-risk breast cancer patients after conservative surgery. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2127-2132. [PMID: 33880724 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02618-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report long-term results of a randomized trial comparing accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) to whole-breast irradiation (WBI) in terms of efficacy, toxicity, and cosmesis. METHODS AND MATERIALS WBI group was treated with 3D conformal external irradiation, 2 Gy daily/fraction, 5 fractions/week, to a total dose of 50 Gy. APBI group was treated with 3D conformal external irradiation 3.75 Gy/fraction, twice a day, 5 fractions/week, to a total dose of 37.5 Gy in the APBI group. Patients were followed up every 6 months up to 5 years and yearly thereafter. During follow-up visits, the clinician evaluated chronic toxicity and scored cosmetic results with a four-scale system. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 10.3 years, 43 patients in each group (84%) are alive without disease. One patient died after disease progression in the APBI arm, and there was no death in the WBI arm. The rest of the patients died from another disease different than breast cancer, similarly between groups. There was greater fibrosis in the APBI group (9 patients grade 1 and one grade 2) compared to WBI (3 patients grade 1 and one grade 2); p = 0.18. Regarding cosmesis, in APBI group, 19 and 21 (43.2 and 47%) patients had excellent or good results, similar to the WBI group with 18 patients (40.9%) in each cosmesis outcome. The WBI group did not have any patient with poor cosmesis but the APBI had 3 (6.8%; p = 0.24). CONCLUSION After a follow-up of 10 years, there were no differences in efficacy between the 2 treatment arms. Despite slight greater toxicity in the APBI group, the cosmesis was similar and satisfactory in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sanz
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Foro
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Martínez
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Zhao
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Reig
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Liu
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Huang
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Membrive
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Algara
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Rodríguez
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, C/. Del Gas s/n Edificio B, sótano -2, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Research Group, Institut Municipal d'InvestigacióMédica IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
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Hou N, Zhang J, Yang L, Wu Y, Wang Z, Zhang M, Yang L, Hou G, Wu J, Wang Y, Dong B, Guo L, Shi M, Ling R. A Prognostic Risk Stratification Model to Identify Potential Population Benefiting From Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in T1-2 Breast Cancer With 1-3 Positive Axillary Lymph Nodes. Front Oncol 2021; 11:640268. [PMID: 33954110 PMCID: PMC8089395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.640268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives To establish a prognostic stratification nomogram for T1–2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive lymph nodes to determine which patients can benefit from postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Methods A population-based study was conducted utilizing data collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used to compare the distribution of characteristics. Cox analysis identified significant prognostic factors for survival. A prognostic stratification model was constructed by R software. Propensity score matching was applied to balance characteristics between PMRT cohort and control cohort. Kaplan-Meier method was performed to evaluate the performance of stratification and the benefits of PMRT in the total population and three risk groups. Results The overall performance of the nomogram was good (3-year, 5-year, 10-year AUC were 0.75, 0.72 and 0.67, respectively). The nomogram was performed to excellently distinguish low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk groups with 10-year overall survival (OS) of 86.9%, 73.7%, and 62.7%, respectively (P<0.001). In the high-risk group, PMRT can significantly better OS with 10-year all-cause mortality reduced by 6.7% (P = 0.027). However, there was no significant survival difference between PMRT cohort and control cohort in low-risk (P=0.49) and moderate-risk groups (P = 0.35). Conclusion The current study developed the first prognostic stratification nomogram for T1–2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary lymph nodes and found that patients in the high-risk group may be easier to benefit from PMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Hou
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingkun Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangdong Hou
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingyao Dong
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Hannoun-Lévi JM, Montagne L, Sumodhee S, Schiappa R, Boulahssass R, Gautier M, Gal J, Chand ME. APBI Versus Ultra-APBI in the Elderly With Low-Risk Breast Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Oncological Outcome and Late Toxicity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 111:56-67. [PMID: 33831490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) represents a validated technique for low-risk breast cancer. Recently, ultra-APBI (uAPBI) using fewer than 5 fractions was described in the literature. We compared clinical outcomes and late toxicity after APBI or uAPBI in older patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two cohorts of older patients (aged ≥70 years) with low-risk breast cancer treated with APBI (interstitial brachytherapy) were analyzed retrospectively. A total dose of 34 Gy in10 fractions (APBI) or 16 Gy in 1 fraction (uAPBI) was delivered from 2004 to 2012 and from 2013 to 2018, respectively. Oncologic outcome analyzed the cumulative incidence of local relapse, regional relapse, and distant metastases with disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival. Late toxicity and cosmetic results were investigated. RESULTS One hundred fifty-seven patients (APBI, n = 109 patients; uAPBI, n = 48 patients) underwent APBI according to the same selection criteria. Apart from the median follow-up (97 vs 72 months for APBI and uAPBI; P < .002), no significant difference was noted between the 2 groups. Regarding 6-year oncologic outcome, no significant difference was observed between APBI and uAPBI for local recurrence (1.3% vs 0%; P = .4), regional recurrence (2.5% vs 2.3%; P = .9), distant metastases (4.3% vs. 2.4%; P = .6), disease-free survival (85.2% vs. 82.2%; P = .8), cause-specific survival (96.7% vs. 96.2%; P = .9), and overall survival (86.7% vs. 82.2%; P = .7). Regarding late toxicity, no significant difference was observed between APBI and uAPBI (total complication number, 45 vs 33%; P = .173) with only grade 1 (88.4% vs. 95%) and grade 2 (11.6% vs. 5%) late toxicities (P = .677). Similarly, no significant difference was observed for excellent/good cosmetic results between the 2 cohorts (P = .98). CONCLUSIONS We report the first study comparing APBI versus uAPBI in a cohort of older patients with low-risk breast cancer. No significant difference was found between the 2 treatment groups regarding oncologic outcome, late toxicity, and cosmetic result. uAPBI based on a single fraction of brachytherapy represents an attractive option for therapeutic de-escalation in older patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Hannoun-Lévi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France.
| | - Lucile Montagne
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Shakeel Sumodhee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Renaud Schiappa
- Biostatistic Unit, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Rabia Boulahssass
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG) PACA Est, CHU de Nice, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Mathieu Gautier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jocelyn Gal
- Biostatistic Unit, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Marie-Eve Chand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, University of Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
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