1
|
Pi Y, Zuo H, Wang Y, Zheng W, Zhou H, Deng L, Song H. Oleanolic acid alleviating ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat severe steatotic liver via KEAP1/NRF2/ARE. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112617. [PMID: 38972213 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Severe steatosis in donor livers is contraindicated for transplantation due to the high risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Although Ho-1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HO-1/BMMSCs) can mitigate IRI, the role of gut microbiota and metabolites in this protection remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how gut microbiota and metabolites contribute to HO-1/BMMSCs-mediated protection against IRI in severe steatotic livers. Using rat models and cellular models (IAR20 and THLE-2 cells) of steatotic liver IRI, this study revealed that ischemia-reperfusion led to significant liver and intestinal damage, heightened immune responses, impaired liver function, and altered gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in rats with severe steatosis, which were partially reversed by HO-1/BMMSCs transplantation. Integrated microbiome and metabolome analyses identified gut microbial metabolite oleanolic acid as a potential protective agent against IRI. Experimental validation showed that oleanolic acid administration alone alleviated IRI and inhibited ferroptosis in both rat and cellular models. Network pharmacology and molecular docking implicated KEAP1/NRF2 pathway as a potential target of oleanolic acid. Indeed, OA experimentally upregulated NRF2 activity, which underlies its inhibition of ferroptosis and protection against IRI. The gut microbial metabolite OA protects against IRI in severe steatotic liver by promoting NRF2 expression and activity, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Pi
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
| | - Huaiwen Zuo
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| | - Huiyuan Zhou
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
| | - Lamei Deng
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
| | - Hongli Song
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elsayed Abouzed DE, Ezelarab HAA, Selim HMRM, Elsayed MMA, El Hamd MA, Aboelez MO. Multimodal modulation of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by phytochemical agents: A mechanistic evaluation of hepatoprotective potential and safety profiles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112445. [PMID: 38944946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinically fundamental phenomenon that occurs through liver resection surgery, trauma, shock, and transplantation. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review article affords an expanded and comprehensive overview of various natural herbal ingredients that have demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against I/R injury through preclinical studies in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the objective of this investigation, an extensive examination was carried out utilizing diverse scientific databases involving PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), and Research Gate. The investigation was conducted based on specific identifiable terms, such as hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver resection and transplantation, cytokines, inflammation, NF-kB, interleukins, herbs, plants, natural ingredients, phenolic extract, and aqueous extract. RESULTS Bioactive ingredients derived from ginseng, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, lycopene, punicalagin, crocin, celastrol, andrographolide, silymarin, and others and their effects on hepatic IRI were discussed. The specific mechanisms of action, signaling pathways, and clinical relevance for attenuation of liver enzymes, cytokine production, immune cell infiltration, oxidative damage, and cell death signaling in rodent studies are analyzed in depth. Their complex molecular actions involve modulation of pathways like TLR4, NF-κB, Nrf2, Bcl-2 family proteins, and others. CONCLUSION The natural ingredients have promising values in the protection and treatment of various chronic aggressive clinical conditions, and that need to be evaluated on humans by clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deiaa E Elsayed Abouzed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud M A Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Liu K. Therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid in liver diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4537-4554. [PMID: 38294504 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Liver-associated diseases affect millions of individuals worldwide. In developed countries, the incidence of viral hepatitis is reducing due to advancements in disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. However, with improvements in living standards, the prevalence of metabolic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease, is expected to increase; notably, this rise in the prevalence of metabolic liver disease can lead to the development of more severe liver diseases, including liver failure, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The growing demand for natural alternative therapies for chronic diseases has highlighted the importance of studying the pharmacology of bioactive compounds in plants. One such compound is oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, antibacterial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anti-obesity, anticancer, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-neurodegenerative properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that OA treatment can reduce the risk of pathological liver damage, ultimately alleviating liver dysregulation and restoring overall liver function. This review aims to explore the latest research on the biological effects of OA and its derivatives. Notably, it explores the mechanisms of action of these compounds in both in vitro and in vivo research models and, ultimately, highlights OA as a promising candidate for alternative therapies in the treatment and management of chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang L, Chen L, Jiang Y, Jin G, Yang J, Sun H, Liang J, Lv G, Yang Q, Yi S, Chen G, Liu W, Ou J, Yang Y. Cross-species metabolomic profiling reveals phosphocholine-mediated liver protection from cold and ischemia/reperfusion. Am J Transplant 2024:S1600-6135(24)00346-0. [PMID: 38878865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cold and ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-associated injuries are seemingly inevitable during liver transplantation and hepatectomy. Because Syrian hamsters demonstrate intrinsic tolerance to transplantation-like stimuli, cross-species comparative metabolomic analyses were conducted with hamster, rat, and donor liver samples to seek hepatic cold and IR-adaptive mechanisms. Lower hepatic phosphocholine contents were found in recipients with early graft-dysfunction and with virus-caused cirrhosis or high model for end-stage liver disease scores (≥30). Choline/phosphocholine deficiency in cultured human THLE-2 hepatocytes and animal models weakened hepatocellular cold tolerance and recovery of glutathione and ATP production, which was rescued by phosphocholine supplements. Among the biological processes impacted by choline/phosphocholine deficiency, 3 lipid-related metabolic processes were downregulated, whereas phosphocholine elevated the expression of genes in methylation processes. Consistently, in THLE-2, phosphocholine enhanced the overall RNA m6A methylation, among which the transcript stability of fatty acid desaturase 6 (FADS6) was improved. FADS6 functioned as a key phosphocholine effector in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may facilitate the hepatocellular recovery of energy and redox homeostasis. Thus, our study reveals the choline-phosphocholine metabolism and its downstream FADS6 functions in hepatic adaptation to cold and IR, which may inspire new strategies to monitor donor liver quality and improve recipient recovery from the liver transplantation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Jin
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haobin Sun
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinliang Liang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Lv
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhong Yi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingxing Ou
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan D, Qu Y, Shi C, Xu C, Zhang J, Du H, Chen X. Oleanolic acid and its analogues: promising therapeutics for kidney disease. Chin Med 2024; 19:74. [PMID: 38816880 PMCID: PMC11140902 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. Worryingly, the clinical use of drugs for kidney diseases is associated with more side effects, so more effective and safer treatments are urgently needed. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid that is widely available in nature and has been shown to have protective effects in kidney disease. However, comprehensive studies on its role in kidney diseases are still lacking. Therefore, this article first explores the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, derivatives, and safety of OA, followed by a summary of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, autophagy-enhancing, and antifibrotic effects of OA and its analogues in renal diseases, and an analysis of the molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide further insights for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pan
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yilun Qu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongjian Du
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wasim M, Bergonzi MC. Unlocking the Potential of Oleanolic Acid: Integrating Pharmacological Insights and Advancements in Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:692. [PMID: 38931816 PMCID: PMC11206505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in oleanolic acid (OA) as a triterpenoid with remarkable health benefits prompts an emphasis on its efficient use in pharmaceutical research. OA exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and antiviral properties. While OA demonstrates diverse pharmacological effects, optimizing its therapeutic potential requires overcoming significant challenges. In the field of pharmaceutical research, the exploration of efficient drug delivery systems is essential to maximizing the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds. Efficiently delivering OA faces challenges, such as poor aqueous solubility and restricted bioavailability, and to unlock its full therapeutic efficacy, novel formulation strategies are imperative. This discussion thoroughly investigates different approaches and advancements in OA drug delivery systems with the aim of enhancing the biopharmaceutical features and overall efficacy in diverse therapeutic contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Camilla Bergonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ning N, Nan Y, Chen G, Huang S, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. Anti-Tumor Effects and Toxicity Reduction Mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2024; 29:1843. [PMID: 38675663 PMCID: PMC11052495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and systematically describe the mechanism of action of Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) against digestive system tumors and related toxicity reduction. METHODS This study briefly describes the history of medicinal food and the pharmacological effects of P. vulgaris, focusing on the review of the anti-digestive tumor effects of the active ingredients of P. vulgaris and the mechanism of its toxicity reduction. RESULTS The active ingredients of P. vulgaris may exert anti-tumor effects by inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting angiogenesis, inhibiting the migration and invasion of tumor cells, and inhibiting autophagy. In addition, P. vulgaris active ingredients inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and macrophages and increase the level of indicators of oxidative stress through the modulation of target genes in the pathway to achieve the effect of toxicity reduction. CONCLUSION The active ingredients in the medicine food homology plant P. vulgaris not only treat digestive system tumors through different mechanisms but also reduce the toxic effects. P. vulgaris is worthy of being explored more deeply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Yating Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren J, Yan J, Raza F, Zafar H, Wan H, Chen X, Cui Q, Li H, Wang X. A Synergistic Combination of Oleanolic Acid and Apatinib to Enhance Antitumor Effect on Liver Cancer Cells and Protect against Hepatic Injury. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2024; 19:199-208. [PMID: 38214359 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230417093208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a pentacyclic triterpenoid, OA (oleanolic acid) has exhibited antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumor effects. VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial cells receptor-2) tyrosine kinase activity could be inhibited by apatinib, a small-molecule antiangiogenic agent. OBJECTIVE Thus, this study sought to investigate the mechanism underlying the synergistic antitumor activity of combined OA and apatinib patent. METHODS Through CCK8 (Cell counting kit 8 assay), flow cytometric and western blotting techniques, we conducted in vitro studies on apatinib and OA effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in H22 cell line. H22 tumor-burdened mice model was established in vivo, while the related signaling pathways were studied via pathological examination, western blotting and qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS Growth of H22 cells in vitro and in vivo could be inhibited effectively by apatinib and OA. Thus, OA repaired liver function and inhibited oxidative stress induced by apatinib. CONCLUSION OA can treat apatinib induced liver injury in H22 Tumor-burdened mice by enhancing the suppresssive effect of apatinib on the growth of tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ren
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Oncology Department, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Haopeng Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Qingrong Cui
- Department of Respiration, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Xiangqi Wang
- Department of oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hong W, Fu W, Zhao Q, Xue C, Cai W, Dong N, Shan A. Effects of oleanolic acid on acute liver injury triggered by lipopolysaccharide in broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:697-709. [PMID: 37697900 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2251119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
1. Infectious injury caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a metabolite of gram-negative bacteria, can induce stress responses in animals and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young birds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with oleanolic acid (OA) on acute liver injury in broiler chickens challenged with LPS.2. In total, 120 broiler chickens were randomly divided into six groups and fed a basal diet containing 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg OA or 100 mg/kg aureomycin. On d 15, broiler chickens were injected with either LPS or an equivalent volume of normal saline. Six hours after LPS injection, two broiler chicks were randomly selected for sampling in each replicate.3. The results indicated that dietary aureomycin was ineffective in alleviating LSP-associated liver injury, but protected broiler chickens from LPS-induced liver damage. This promoted a significant reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde and an increase in the levels of superoxide dismutase in liver. In addition, OA was found to cause significant reductions in the relative expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in broiler liver tissues, whereas the relative expression of IL-10 was significantly increased.4. In conclusion, oleanolic acid can alleviate oxidative stress and injury in the livers of broiler chickens induced by lipopolysaccharide. Consequently, oleanolic acid has potential utility as a novel anti-inflammatory and antioxidant feed additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Hong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - W Fu
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Q Zhao
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - C Xue
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - W Cai
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - N Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - A Shan
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hassanein EHM, Ibrahim IM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Sharawi ZW, Jaber FA, Althagafy HS. Nrf2/HO-1 as a therapeutic target in renal fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 334:122209. [PMID: 37890696 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and affects between 10 and 14 % of the world's population. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2040, the disease will be fifth in prevalence. End-stage CKD is characterized by renal fibrosis, which can eventually lead to kidney failure and death. Renal fibrosis develops due to multiple injuries and involves oxidative stress and inflammation. In the human body, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in the expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective genes, which prevents oxidative stress and inflammation damage. Heme oxygenase (HO-1) is an inducible homolog influenced by heme products and after exposure to cellular stress inducers such as oxidants, inflammatory chemokines/cytokines, and tissue damage as an outcome or downstream of Nrf2 activation. HO-1 is known for its antioxidative properties, which play an important role in regulating oxidative stress. In renal diseases-induced tissue fibrosis and xenobiotics-induced renal fibrosis, Nrf2/HO-1 has been targeted with promising results. This review summarizes these studies and highlights the interesting bioactive compounds that may assist in attenuating renal fibrosis mediated by HO-1 activation. In conclusion, Nrf2/HO-1 signal activation could have a renoprotective effect strategy against CKD caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and consequent renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Zeina W Sharawi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lu C, Jiang Y, Xu W, Bao X. Sestrin2: multifaceted functions, molecular basis, and its implications in liver diseases. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:160. [PMID: 36841824 PMCID: PMC9968343 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Sestrin2 (SESN2), a highly conserved stress-responsive protein, can be triggered by various noxious stimuli, such as hypoxia, DNA damage, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation. Multiple transcription factors regulate SESN2 expression, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), p53, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), ATF6, etc. Upon induction, SESN2 generally leads to activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). To maintain cellular homeostasis, SESN2 and its downstream molecules directly scavenge reactive oxygen species or indirectly influence the expression patterns of key genes associated with redox, macroautophagy, mitophagy, ER stress, apoptosis, protein synthesis, and inflammation. In liver diseases including acute liver injury, fatty liver diseases, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), SESN2 is abnormally expressed and correlated with disease progression. In NAFLD, SESN2 helps with postponing disease progression through balancing glycolipid metabolism and macroautophagy (lipophagy), and rectifying oxidative damage and ER stress. During hepatic fibrosis, SESN2 represses HSCs activation and intrahepatic inflammation, hindering the occurrence and progress of fibrogenesis. However, the role of SESN2 in HCC is controversial due to its paradoxical pro-autophagic and anti-apoptotic effects. In conclusion, this review summarizes the biological functions of SESN2 in hypoxia, genotoxic stress, oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation, and specifically emphasizes the pathophysiological significance of SESN2 in liver diseases, aiming to providing a comprehensive understanding for SESN2 as a potential therapeutic target in liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Lu
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, Jiangsu China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang YH, Dai SY, Deng FH, Peng LH, Li C, Pei YH. Recent advances in medicinal chemistry of oleanolic acid derivatives. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113397. [PMID: 36029846 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA), a ubiquitous pentacyclic oleanane-type triterpene isolated from edible and medicinal plants, exhibits a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and tremendous therapeutic potential. However, the undesirable pharmacokinetic properties limit its application and development. Numerous researches on structural modifications of OA have been carried out to overcome this limitation and improve its pharmacokinetic and therapeutic properties. This review aims to compile and summarize the recent progresses in the medicinal chemistry of OA derivatives, especially on structure-activity relationship in the last few years (2010-2021). It gives insights into the rational design of bioactive derivatives from OA scaffold as promising therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Si-Yang Dai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Fu-Hua Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Li-Huan Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
| | - Yue-Hu Pei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xin C, Liu S, Qu H, Wang Z. The novel nanocomplexes containing deoxycholic acid-grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid displays the hepatoprotective effect against CCl 4-induced liver injury in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:338-349. [PMID: 34171250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemical liver injury threatens seriously human health, along with the shortage of efficiency and low-toxicity drugs. Herein, the novel oral nanocomplexes composed of deoxycholic acid-grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid were constructed to reverse the CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice. Results indicated core-shell nanocomplexes, maintained by the hydrophobic interaction between deoxycholic acid and oleanolic acid, could be dissociated in the intestine. Notably, the nanocomplexes possessed superior hepatoprotective effect in vivo, possibly due to the synergistic effect between grafted chitosan and oleanolic acid. Mechanism investigations suggested that nanocomplexes reversed CCl4-induced liver injury through improving hepatic antioxidant capacity via NrF2/Keap1 pathway and regulating inflammation response via NF-κB signaling pathway. The novel oral nanocomplexes represent an effective strategy for chemical liver injury therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hang Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi YJ, Sun LL, Ji X, Shi R, Xu F, Gu JH. Neuroprotective effects of oleanolic acid against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 343:113785. [PMID: 34153323 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Stroke is among the most common causes of disability and death in highly developed countries and China. We sought to study the role of oleanolic acid in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. For the short-term effects of oleanolic acid (OA) against MCAO, mice administrated with OA (6 mg/kg /d) for 3 days before the injury were evaluated the infarct volume, neurological scores, blood brain barrier permeability and oxidative stress level, while for the long-term effects, MCAO mice were injected daily with OA for 6 weeks, followed by assessments of motor function, behavior and cerebral infarction area. RESULTS Pretreatment of oleanolic acid alleviated MCAO-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury as indicated by the significant decreases in cerebral infarction area and neurological symptom score at 24 h post injury, Evans blue leakage, expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and occludin, dihydroethidium fluorescence, and block malonaldehyde generation. In the long run, OA significantly reduced brain loss, enhanced the motor function, promoted the recovery of nerve function, and improved the learning and memory ability 9 weeks after the ischemia-reperfusion injury. OA also inhibited astrocytes proliferation and microglia activation, promoted the expression of synapse-related proteins, and increased the number of DCX+ cells in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS OA exhibits both short-term and long-term protective effects against the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. The short-term protective mechanism is related to the anti-oxidation of blood-brain barrier, while the long-term protective effect lies in neuroglia modulation, promotion of synaptic connection and neuroregeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jin Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin-Lin Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, China
| | - Ruirui Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China.
| | - Jin-Hua Gu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou XR, Ru XC, Xiao C, Pan J, Lou YY, Tang LH, Yang JT, Qian LB. Sestrin2 is involved in the Nrf2-regulated antioxidative signaling pathway in luteolin-induced prevention of the diabetic rat heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Food Funct 2021; 12:3562-3571. [PMID: 33900303 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02942d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetes through activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-related antioxidative response. Though sestrin2, a highly conserved stress-inducible protein, is regarded as a modulator of Nrf2 and reduces I/R injury, the effect of sestrin2 on luteolin-induced prevention of the diabetic heart from I/R injury remains unclear. We hypothesized that luteolin could relieve myocardial I/R injury in diabetes by activating the sestrin2-modulated Nrf2 antioxidative response. Diabetes was induced in rats using a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg kg-1, i.p.) for 6 weeks, and then luteolin (100 mg kg-1 d-1, i.g.), Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol, or sestrin2 blocker leucine was administered for 2 consecutive weeks. After that, the hearts were isolated and exposed to global I/R (30 min/120 min). Luteolin markedly improved cardiac function, myocardial viability and expressions of Nrf2-regulated antioxidative genes, and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in the diabetic I/R hearts. Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and membrane potential disruption were markedly inhibited in luteolin-treated diabetic ventricular myocytes. All these effects of luteolin were significantly reversed by Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol or sestrin2 inhibitor leucine. Luteolin-induced diminished Keap1 and augmented nuclear translocation and ARE binding activity of Nrf2 were hampered by leucine in the diabetic I/R heart. In addition, luteolin-induced augmented transcription of sestrin2 was markedly blocked by brusatol in the diabetic I/R heart. These data suggest that sestrin2 and Nrf2 positively interact to promote antioxidative actions and attenuate mitochondrial damage, by which luteolin relieves diabetic myocardial I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ru Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sen A. Prophylactic and therapeutic roles of oleanolic acid and its derivatives in several diseases. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:1767-1792. [PMID: 32518769 PMCID: PMC7262697 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i10.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) and its derivatives are widely found in diverse plants and are naturally effective pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds with broad prophylactic and therapeutic roles in various diseases such as ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, metabolic disorders, diabetes, hepatitis and different cancers. This review assembles and presents the latest in vivo reports on the impacts of OA and OA derivatives from various plant sources and the biological mechanisms of OA activities. Thus, this review presents sufficient data proposing that OA and its derivatives are potential alternative and complementary therapies for the treatment and management of several diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaattin Sen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alleviation of Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Oleanolic Acid Pretreating via Reducing HMGB1 Release and Inhibiting Apoptosis and Autophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:3240713. [PMID: 31316298 PMCID: PMC6604292 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3240713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury (IRI) occurs during liver transplantation, hepatectomy, and hemorrhagic shock. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity that has been used to treat liver disorders in clinical practice for several years. Here, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of OA in hepatic IRI. A 60-minute partial (70%) hepatic, warm, ischemic reperfusion model was established in BALB/c mice, and two doses (30 and 60 mg/kg) of OA were administered intragastrically for 7 consecutive days prior to hepatic IR. Orbital blood and liver specimens were collected at 2, 8, and 24 h after IR. The results showed that OA preconditioning significantly alleviated hepatic injury, as evidenced by decreased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels; improved histology, inhibition of JNK phosphorylation, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1); and tumor necrosis factor-α downregulation in hepatic IR mice. OA upregulated Bcl-2 and downregulated caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, Beclin 1, and LC3, which play crucial roles in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy. These findings highlighted the protective effects of OA against hepatic IRI mediated by the inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy and the release of HMGB1, which acted as a late inflammatory mediator in hepatic IRI.
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu J, Lu YF, Wu Q, Xu SF, Shi FG, Klaassen CD. Oleanolic acid reprograms the liver to protect against hepatotoxicants, but is hepatotoxic at high doses. Liver Int 2019; 39:427-439. [PMID: 30079536 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a triterpenoid that exists widely in fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs. OA is included in some dietary supplements and is used as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in China, India, Asia, the USA and European countries. OA is effective in protecting against various hepatotoxicants, and one of the protective mechanisms is reprogramming the liver to activate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). OA derivatives, such as CDDO-Im and CDDO-Me, are even more potent Nrf2 activators. OA has recently been shown to also activate the Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor (TGR5). However, whereas a low dose of OA is hepatoprotective, higher doses and long-term use of OA can produce liver injury, characterized by cholestasis. This paradoxical hepatotoxic effect occurs not only for OA, but also for other OA-type triterpenoids. Dose and length of time of OA exposure differentiate the ability of OA to produce hepatoprotection vs hepatotoxicity. Hepatotoxicity produced by herbs is increasingly recognized and is of global concern. Given the appealing nature of OA in dietary supplements and its use as an alternative medicine around the world, as well as the development of OA derivatives (CDDO-Im and CDDO-Me) as therapeutics, it is important to understand not only that they program the liver to protect against hepatotoxic chemicals, but also how they produce hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Yuan-Fu Lu
- Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shang-Fu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fu-Guo Shi
- Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Curtis D Klaassen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Z, Zhao F, Cao Y, Zhang J, Shi P, Sun X, Zhang F, Tong L. DHA attenuates hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis and activating PI3K/Akt pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:1-10. [PMID: 30075219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is very common in liver transplantation and major liver surgeries and may cause liver failure or even death. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has displayed activities in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in many disorders. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of DHA against I/R-induced injury and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that DHA protected hepatic I/R injury by reducing aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and decreasing the oxidative stress in liver tissues. The viability of Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells was reduced by hypoxia/restoration (H/R) but restored by DHA. DHA significantly downregulated the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins including NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptotic speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) and cleaved caspase-1 and reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The above results were supported by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. However, incubation with LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), abolished the effects of DHA, since it increased the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and the production of inflammatory cytokines. The present results have demonstrated that DHA ameliorated I/R-induced injury by inhibiting pyroptosis of hepatocytes induced in liver I/R injury in vivo and in vitro through the PI3K/Akt pathway, providing a potential therapeutic option to prevent liver injury by I/R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fazhang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163391, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163391, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Liquan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163316, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wan XL, Lu YF, Xu SF, Wu Q, Liu J. Oeanolic acid protects against the hepatotoxicity of D-galactosame plus endotoxin in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:1040-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|