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Zhang J, Yang S, Zhang Y, Liu F, Hao L, Han L. Clinical phenotype of a Kallmann syndrome patient with IL17RD and CPEB4 variants. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1343977. [PMID: 38628584 PMCID: PMC11019388 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1343977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to characterize the clinical phenotype and genetic variations in patients with Kallmann syndrome (KS). Methods This study involved the collection and analysis of clinical data from an individual with sporadic KS. Following this, peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patient and his parents. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted and subjected to whole-exome sequencing and genomic copy number variation (CNV) detection. Finally, Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the suspected pathogenic variants. Results Whole-exome sequencing confirmed that the child carried both the IL17RD variant (c.2101G>A, p.Gly701Ser) inherited from the mother and the new CPEB4 variant (c.1414C>T, p.Arg472*). No pathogenic CNVs were identified in CNV testing. Conclusion Bioinformatics analysis shows that the IL17RD protein undergoing Gly701Ser mutation and is speculated to be phosphorylated and modified, thereby disrupting fibroblast growth factor signaling. This study also suggested that the CPEB4 might play a crucial role in the key signaling process affecting olfactory bulb morphogenesis. Overall, the findings of this study broaden the gene expression profile of KS-related pathogenic genes. This offers a new avenue for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of KS and provides valuable insights for precise clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics, Hangzhou Children’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suhong Yang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics, Hangzhou Children’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics, Hangzhou Children’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics, Hangzhou Children’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Hao
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianshu Han
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Yu M, Zhang S, Ma Z, Qiang J, Wei J, Sun L, Kocher TD, Wang D, Tao W. Disruption of Zar1 leads to arrested oogenesis by regulating polyadenylation via Cpeb1 in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129632. [PMID: 38253139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Oogenesis is a complex process regulated by precise coordination of multiple factors, including maternal genes. Zygote arrest 1 (zar1) has been identified as an ovary-specific maternal gene that is vital for oocyte-to-embryo transition and oogenesis in mouse and zebrafish. However, its function in other species remains to be elucidated. In the present study, zar1 was identified with conserved C-terminal zinc finger domains in Nile tilapia. zar1 was highly expressed in the ovary and specifically expressed in phase I and II oocytes. Disruption of zar1 led to the failed transition from oogonia to phase I oocytes, with somatic cell apoptosis. Down-regulation and failed polyadenylation of figla, gdf9, bmp15 and wee2 mRNAs were observed in the ovaries of zar1-/- fish. Cpeb1, a gene essential for polyadenylation that interacts with Zar1, was down-regulated in zar1-/- fish. Moreover, decreased levels of serum estrogen and increased levels of androgen were observed in zar1-/- fish. Taken together, zar1 seems to be essential for tilapia oogenesis by regulating polyadenylation and estrogen synthesis. Our study shows that Zar1 has different molecular functions during gonadal development by the similar signaling pathway in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhisheng Ma
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Thomas D Kocher
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States of America
| | - Deshou Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Wenjing Tao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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3
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Zhou J, Tang CK. Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 and Atherosclerosis: Prospective Target and New Insights. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2024; 22:95-105. [PMID: 38284693 DOI: 10.2174/0115701611258090231221082502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding protein Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 (CPEB1), a key member of the CPEB family, is essential in controlling gene expression involved in both healthy physiological and pathological processes. CPEB1 can bind to the 3'- untranslated regions (UTR) of substrate messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and regulate its translation. There is increasing evidence that CPEB1 is closely related to the pathological basis of atherosclerosis. According to recent investigations, many pathological processes, including inflammation, lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, apoptosis, and insulin resistance, are regulated by CPEB1. This review considers the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic heart disease in relation to the evolution of the physiological function of CPEB1, recent research breakthroughs, and the potential participation of CPEB1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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4
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Kato Y, Saga Y. Antagonism between DDX6 and PI3K-AKT signaling is an oocyte-intrinsic mechanism controlling primordial follicle growth†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:73-82. [PMID: 37067907 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oocyte maturation and subsequent ovulation during the reproductive lifespan ensure long-term reproduction in mammalian females. This is achieved by tight regulation for the maintenance and growth of primordial follicles. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unsolved. We herein report that posttranscriptional gene regulation mediated by an RNA helicase, DEAD-box helicase 6 (DDX6), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling exhibits an antagonistic interaction in mouse primordial follicles. DDX6 forms P-body-like cytoplasmic foci in oocytes, which colocalize to a P-body component, DCP1A. Interestingly, the P-body-like granules predominantly assemble in primordial follicles, but disperse once follicle growth is initiated, suggesting that they play a role in the maintenance of primordial follicles. Oocyte-specific knockout of Ddx6 using Gdf9-iCre revealed that Ddx6-deficient oocytes are defective in foci assembly and are abnormally enlarged, resulting in premature depletion of primordial follicles. These results indicate that DDX6 is required to maintain primordial follicles. The abnormal oocyte enlargement is because of enhanced PI3K-AKT signaling, a pivotal signaling pathway in the growth of primordial follicles. Conversely, the forced activation of PI3K-AKT signaling by knocking out Pten disassembles P-body-like granules in primordial follicles. These data suggest that DDX6 and PI3K-AKT signaling mutually antagonize the assembly of P-body-like granules and the growth of primordial follicles. We propose this mutual antagonism as an oocyte-intrinsic mechanism controlling the maintenance and growth of primordial follicles, ensuring the longevity of female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Kato
- Department of Gene Function and Phenomics, Mammalian Development Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Department of Gene Function and Phenomics, Mammalian Development Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
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5
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Jiang Y, Adhikari D, Li C, Zhou X. Spatiotemporal regulation of maternal mRNAs during vertebrate oocyte meiotic maturation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:900-930. [PMID: 36718948 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate oocytes face a particular challenge concerning the regulation of gene expression during meiotic maturation. Global transcription becomes quiescent in fully grown oocytes, remains halted throughout maturation and fertilization, and only resumes upon embryonic genome activation. Hence, the oocyte meiotic maturation process is largely regulated by protein synthesis from pre-existing maternal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that are transcribed and stored during oocyte growth. Rapidly developing genome-wide techniques have greatly expanded our insights into the global translation changes and possible regulatory mechanisms during oocyte maturation. The storage, translation, and processing of maternal mRNAs are thought to be regulated by factors interacting with elements in the mRNA molecules. Additionally, posttranscriptional modifications of mRNAs, such as methylation and uridylation, have recently been demonstrated to play crucial roles in maternal mRNA destabilization. However, a comprehensive understanding of the machineries that regulate maternal mRNA fate during oocyte maturation is still lacking. In particular, how the transcripts of important cell cycle components are stabilized, recruited at the appropriate time for translation, and eliminated to modulate oocyte meiotic progression remains unclear. A better understanding of these mechanisms will provide invaluable insights for the preconditions of developmental competence acquisition, with important implications for the treatment of infertility. This review discusses how the storage, localization, translation, and processing of oocyte mRNAs are regulated, and how these contribute to oocyte maturation progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 19 Innovation Walk, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
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Li H, Zhao H, Yang C, Su R, Long M, Liu J, Shi L, Xue Y, Su Y. LSM14B is an Oocyte-Specific RNA-Binding Protein Indispensable for Maternal mRNA Metabolism and Oocyte Development in Mice. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300043. [PMID: 37083226 PMCID: PMC10288277 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian oogenesis features reliance on the mRNAs produced and stored during early growth phase. These are essential for producing an oocyte competent to undergo meiotic maturation and embryogenesis later when oocytes are transcriptionally silent. The fate of maternal mRNAs hence ensures the success of oogenesis and the quality of the resulting eggs. Nevertheless, how the fate of maternal mRNAs is determined remains largely elusive. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial regulators of oogenesis, yet the identity of the full complement of RBPs expressed in oocytes is unknown. Here, a global view of oocyte-expressed RBPs is presented: mRNA-interactome capture identifies 1396 RBPs in mouse oocytes. An analysis of one of these RBPs, LSM family member 14 (LSM14B), demonstrates that this RBP is specific to oocytes and associated with many networks essential for oogenesis. Deletion of Lsm14b results in female-specific infertility and a phenotype characterized by oocytes incompetent to complete meiosis and early embryogenesis. LSM14B serves as an interaction hub for proteins and mRNAs throughout oocyte development and regulates translation of a subset of its bound mRNAs. Therefore, RNP complexes tethered by LSM14B are found exclusively in oocytes and are essential for the control of maternal mRNA fate and oocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211126P. R. China
| | - Hailian Zhao
- Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
| | - Ruibao Su
- Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Min Long
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211126P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
| | - Lanying Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211126P. R. China
| | - Yuanchao Xue
- Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - You‐Qiang Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental BiologySchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao266237P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211126P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and DevelopmentFudan UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
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7
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Ivshina MP, van ‘t Spijker HM, Jung S, Ponny SR, Schafer DP, Richter JD. CPEB1 regulates the inflammatory immune response, phagocytosis, and alternative polyadenylation in microglia. Glia 2022; 70:1850-1863. [PMID: 35635122 PMCID: PMC9378487 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are myeloid cells of the central nervous system that perform tasks essential for brain development, neural circuit homeostasis, and neural disease. Microglia react to inflammatory stimuli by upregulating inflammatory signaling through several different immune cell receptors such as the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which signals to several downstream effectors including transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Here, we show that TAK1 levels are regulated by CPEB1, a sequence-specific RNA binding protein that controls translation as well as RNA splicing and alternative poly(A) site selection in microglia. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binds the TLR4 receptor, which in CPEB1-deficient mice leads to elevated expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), a microglial protein that increases with inflammation, and increased levels of the cytokine IL6. This LPS-induced IL6 response is blocked by inhibitors of JNK, p38, ERK, NFκB, and TAK1. In contrast, phagocytosis, which is elevated in CPEB1-deficient microglia, is unaffected by LPS treatment or ERK inhibition, but is blocked by TAK1 inhibition. These data indicate that CPEB1 regulates microglial inflammatory responses and phagocytosis. RNA-seq indicates that these changes in inflammation and phagocytosis are accompanied by changes in RNA levels, splicing, and alternative poly(A) site selection. Thus, CPEB1 regulation of RNA expression plays a role in microglial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Ivshina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heleen M van ‘t Spijker
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Suna Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sithara Raju Ponny
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dorothy P. Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel D. Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Duran-Arqué B, Cañete M, Castellazzi CL, Bartomeu A, Ferrer-Caelles A, Reina O, Caballé A, Gay M, Arauz-Garofalo G, Belloc E, Mendez R. Comparative analyses of vertebrate CPEB proteins define two subfamilies with coordinated yet distinct functions in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Genome Biol 2022; 23:192. [PMID: 36096799 PMCID: PMC9465852 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertebrate CPEB proteins bind mRNAs at cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) in their 3' UTRs, leading to cytoplasmic changes in their poly(A) tail lengths; this can promote translational repression or activation of the mRNA. However, neither the regulation nor the mechanisms of action of the CPEB family per se have been systematically addressed to date. RESULTS Based on a comparative analysis of the four vertebrate CPEBs, we determine their differential regulation by phosphorylation, the composition and properties of their supramolecular assemblies, and their target mRNAs. We show that all four CPEBs are able to recruit the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex to repress the translation. However, their regulation, mechanism of action, and target mRNAs define two subfamilies. Thus, CPEB1 forms ribonucleoprotein complexes that are remodeled upon a single phosphorylation event and are associated with mRNAs containing canonical CPEs. CPEB2-4 are regulated by multiple proline-directed phosphorylations that control their liquid-liquid phase separation. CPEB2-4 mRNA targets include CPEB1-bound transcripts, with canonical CPEs, but also a specific subset of mRNAs with non-canonical CPEs. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results show how, globally, the CPEB family of proteins is able to integrate cellular cues to generate a fine-tuned adaptive response in gene expression regulation through the coordinated actions of all four members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Duran-Arqué
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Cañete
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Lara Castellazzi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bartomeu
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ferrer-Caelles
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Reina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Caballé
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Gay
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianluca Arauz-Garofalo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulalia Belloc
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Mendez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Shin J, Paek KY, Chikhaoui L, Jung S, Ponny S, Suzuki Y, Padmanabhan K, Richter JD. Oppositional poly(A) tail length regulation by FMRP and CPEB1. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 28:756-765. [PMID: 35217597 PMCID: PMC9014880 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079050.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(A) tail length is regulated in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. One factor that controls polyadenylation in the cytoplasm is CPEB1, an RNA binding protein that associates with specific mRNA 3'UTR sequences to tether enzymes that add and remove poly(A). Two of these enzymes, the noncanonical poly(A) polymerases GLD2 (TENT2, PAPD4, Wispy) and GLD4 (TENT4B, PAPD5, TRF4, TUT3), interact with CPEB1 to extend poly(A). To identify additional RNA binding proteins that might anchor GLD4 to RNA, we expressed double tagged GLD4 in U87MG cells, which was used for sequential immunoprecipitation and elution followed by mass spectrometry. We identified several RNA binding proteins that coprecipitated with GLD4, among which was FMRP. To assess whether FMRP regulates polyadenylation, we performed TAIL-seq from WT and FMRP-deficient HEK293 cells. Surprisingly, loss of FMRP resulted in an overall increase in poly(A), which was also observed for several specific mRNAs. Conversely, loss of CPEB1 elicited an expected decrease in poly(A), which was examined in cultured neurons. We also examined polyadenylation in wild type (WT) and FMRP-deficient mouse brain cortex by direct RNA nanopore sequencing, which identified RNAs with both increased and decreased poly(A). Our data show that FMRP has a role in mediating poly(A) tail length, which adds to its repertoire of RNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihae Shin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Ki Young Paek
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Lies Chikhaoui
- Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Suna Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - SitharaRaju Ponny
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- University of Tokyo, Kashiwa II campus, Kashiwa-Shi 2770882, Japan
| | - Kiran Padmanabhan
- Institut de Genomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Joel D Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
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CPEB1 directs muscle stem cell activation by reprogramming the translational landscape. Nat Commun 2022; 13:947. [PMID: 35177647 PMCID: PMC8854658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells, also called Satellite Cells (SCs), are actively maintained in quiescence but can activate quickly upon extrinsic stimuli. However, the mechanisms of how quiescent SCs (QSCs) activate swiftly remain elusive. Here, using a whole mouse perfusion fixation approach to obtain bona fide QSCs, we identify massive proteomic changes during the quiescence-to-activation transition in pathways such as chromatin maintenance, metabolism, transcription, and translation. Discordant correlation of transcriptomic and proteomic changes reveals potential translational regulation upon SC activation. Importantly, we show Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding protein 1 (CPEB1), post-transcriptionally affects protein translation during SC activation by binding to the 3' UTRs of different transcripts. We demonstrate phosphorylation-dependent CPEB1 promoted Myod1 protein synthesis by binding to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) within its 3' UTRs to regulate SC activation and muscle regeneration. Our study characterizes CPEB1 as a key regulator to reprogram the translational landscape directing SC activation and subsequent proliferation.
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11
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Rouen A, Rogers E, Kerlan V, Delemer B, Catteau-Jonard S, Reznik Y, Gompel A, Cedrin I, Guedj AM, Grouthier V, Brue T, Pienkowski C, Bachelot A, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Rousseau A, Simon T, Kott E, Siffroi JP, Touraine P, Christin-Maitre S. Whole exome sequencing in a cohort of familial premature ovarian insufficiency cases reveals a broad array of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 50% of families. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:843-853. [PMID: 35115167 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the diagnostic yield, including variants in genes yet to be incriminated, of whole exome sequencing (WES) in familial cases of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Endocrinology and reproductive medicine teaching hospital departments. PATIENTS Familial POI cases were recruited as part of a nationwide multicentric cohort. A total of 36 index cases in 36 different families were studied. Fifty-two relatives were available, including 25 with POI and 27 affectedwho were nonaffected. Karyotype analysis, FMR1 screening, single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis, and WES were performed in all subjects. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was a molecular etiology, as diagnosed by karyotype, FMR1 screening, single nucleotide polymorphism array, and WES. RESULTS A likely molecular etiology (pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant) was identified in 18 of 36 index cases (50% diagnostic yield). In 12 families, we found a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a gene previously incriminated in POI, and in 6 families, we found a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in new candidate genes. Most of the variants identified were located in genes involved in cell division and meiosis (n = 11) or DNA repair (n = 4). CONCLUSIONS The genetic etiologic diagnosis in POI allows for genetic familial counseling, anticipated pregnancy planning, and ovarian tissue preservation or oocyte preservation. Identifying new genes may lead to future development of therapeutics in reproduction based on disrupted molecular pathways. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT 01177891.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rouen
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Eli Rogers
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Kerlan
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | | | - Yves Reznik
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital Caen, France
| | - Anne Gompel
- Université de Paris, Unité de Gynécologie Médicale, Hôpital Port-Royal, France
| | - Isabelle Cedrin
- Service de Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Jean Verdier, France
| | | | | | - Thierry Brue
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital de la Conception, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Marseille, France, and Aix-Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille Medical Genetics, Institut Marseille Maladies Rares, Marseille, France
| | | | - Anne Bachelot
- Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Constitutif des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance et du Développement, Centre Constitutif du Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Rousseau
- Unité de Recherche Clinique de l'Est Parisien, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Tabassome Simon
- Unité de Recherche Clinique de l'Est Parisien, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Esther Kott
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Siffroi
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Constitutif des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance et du Développement, Centre Constitutif du Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Unité INSERM U933, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Constitutif des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance et du Développement, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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12
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Bestetti I, Barbieri C, Sironi A, Specchia V, Yatsenko SA, De Donno MD, Caslini C, Gentilini D, Crippa M, Larizza L, Marozzi A, Rajkovic A, Toniolo D, Bozzetti MP, Finelli P. Targeted whole exome sequencing and Drosophila modelling to unveil the molecular basis of primary ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2975-2991. [PMID: 34480478 PMCID: PMC8523209 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can a targeted whole exome sequencing (WES) on a cohort of women showing a primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) phenotype at a young age, combined with a study of copy number variations, identify variants in candidate genes confirming their deleterious effect on ovarian function? SUMMARY ANSWER This integrated approach has proved effective in identifying novel candidate genes unveiling mechanisms involved in POI pathogenesis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POI, a condition occurring in 1% of women under 40 years of age, affects women’s fertility leading to a premature loss of ovarian reserve. The genetic causes of POI are highly heterogeneous and several determinants contributing to its prominent oligogenic inheritance pattern still need to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION WES screening for pathogenic variants of 41 Italian women with non-syndromic primary and early secondary amenorrhoea occurring before age 25 was replicated on another 60 POI patients, including 35 French and 25 American women, to reveal statistically significant shared variants. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The Italian POI patients’ DNA were processed by targeted WES including 542 RefSeq genes expressed or functioning during distinct reproductive or ovarian processes (e.g. DNA repair, meiosis, oocyte maturation, folliculogenesis and menopause). Extremely rare variants were filtered and selected by means of a Fisher Exact test using several publicly available datasets. A case-control Burden test was applied to highlight the most significant genes using two ad-hoc control female cohorts. To support the obtained data, the identified genes were screened on a novel cohort of 60 Caucasian POI patients and the same case-control analysis was carried out. Comparative analysis of the human identified genes was performed on mouse and Drosophila melanogaster by analysing the orthologous genes in their ovarian phenotype, and two of the selected genes were fruit fly modelled to explore their role in fertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The filtering steps applied to search for extremely rare pathogenic variants in the Italian cohort revealed 64 validated single-nucleotide variants/Indels in 59 genes in 30 out of 41 screened women. Burden test analysis highlighted 13 ovarian genes as being the most enriched and significant. To validate these findings, filtering steps and Burden analysis on the second cohort of Caucasian patients yielded 11 significantly enriched genes. Among them, AFP, DMRT3, MOV10, FYN and MYC were significant in both patient cohorts and hence were considered strong candidates for POI. Mouse and Drosophila comparative analysis evaluated a conserved role through the evolution of several candidates, and functional studies using a Drosophila model, when applicable, supported the conserved role of the MOV10 armitage and DMRT3 dmrt93B orthologues in female fertility. LARGE SCALE DATA The datasets for the Italian cohort generated during the current study are publicly available at ClinVar database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/): accession numbers SCV001364312 to SCV001364375. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a targeted WES analysis hunting variants in candidate genes previously identified by different genomic approaches. For most of the investigated sporadic cases, we could not track the parental inheritance, due to unavailability of the parents’ DNA samples; in addition, we might have overlooked additional rare variants in novel candidate POI genes extracted from the exome data. On the contrary, we might have considered some inherited variants whose clinical significance is uncertain and might not be causative for the patients’ phenotype. Additionally, as regards the Drosophila model, it will be extremely important in the future to have more mutants or RNAi strains available for each candidate gene in order to validate their role in POI pathogenesis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The genomic, statistical, comparative and functional approaches integrated in our study convincingly support the extremely heterogeneous oligogenic nature of POI, and confirm the maintenance across the evolution of some key genes safeguarding fertility and successful reproduction. Two principal classes of genes were identified: (i) genes primarily involved in meiosis, namely in synaptonemal complex formation, asymmetric division and oocyte maturation and (ii) genes safeguarding cell maintenance (piRNA and DNA repair pathways). STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by Italian Ministry of Health grants ‘Ricerca Corrente’ (08C621_2016 and 08C924_2019) provided to IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, and by ‘Piano Sostegno alla Ricerca’ (PSR2020_FINELLI_LINEA_B) provided by the University of Milan; M.P.B. was supported by Telethon-Italy (grant number GG14181). There are no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Barbieri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - A Sironi
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - V Specchia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - S A Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M D De Donno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - C Caslini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - D Gentilini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - L Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - A Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San, Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - M P Bozzetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - P Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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13
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Kim S, Lee S, Park HT, Song JY, Kim T. Genomic Consideration in Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Damage and Fertility Preservation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1525. [PMID: 34680919 PMCID: PMC8535252 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and fertility preservation in young patients with cancer are emerging disciplines. The mechanism of treatment-related gonadal damage provides important information for targeting prevention methods. The genomic aspects of ovarian damage after chemotherapy are not fully understood. Several studies have demonstrated that gene alterations related to follicular apoptosis or accelerated follicle activation are related to ovarian insufficiency and susceptibility to ovarian damage following chemotherapy. This may accelerate follicular apoptosis and follicle reservoir utilization and damage the ovarian stroma via multiple molecular reactions after chemotherapy. This review highlights the importance of genomic considerations in chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and multidisciplinary oncofertility strategies for providing high-quality care to young female cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Kim
- Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, 1205 Jungang-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10414, Korea;
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.-T.P.); (J.-Y.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Hyun-Tae Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.-T.P.); (J.-Y.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Jae-Yun Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.-T.P.); (J.-Y.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tak Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.-T.P.); (J.-Y.S.); (T.K.)
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14
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Yang Q, Mumusoglu S, Qin Y, Sun Y, Hsueh AJ. A kaleidoscopic view of ovarian genes associated with premature ovarian insufficiency and senescence. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21753. [PMID: 34233068 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100756r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian infertility and subfertility presenting with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and diminished ovarian reserve are major issues facing the developed world due to the trend of delaying childbirth. Ovarian senescence and POI represent a continuum of physiological/pathophysiological changes in ovarian follicle functions. Based on advances in whole exome sequencing, evaluation of gene copy variants, together with family-based and genome-wide association studies, we discussed genes responsible for POI and ovarian senescence. We used a gene-centric approach to sort out literature deposited in the Ovarian Kaleidoscope database (http://okdb.appliedbioinfo.net) by sub-categorizing candidate genes as ligand-receptor signaling, meiosis and DNA repair, transcriptional factors, RNA metabolism, enzymes, and others. We discussed individual gene mutations found in POI patients and verification of gene functions in gene-deleted model organisms. Decreased expression of some of the POI genes could be responsible for ovarian senescence, especially those essential for DNA repair, meiosis and mitochondrial functions. We propose to set up a candidate gene panel for targeted sequencing in POI patients together with studies on mitochondria-associated genes in middle-aged subfertile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sezcan Mumusoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aaron J Hsueh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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15
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Shu H, Donnard E, Liu B, Jung S, Wang R, Richter JD. FMRP links optimal codons to mRNA stability in neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30400-30411. [PMID: 33199649 PMCID: PMC7720238 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009161117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by inactivation of the FMR1 gene and loss of encoded FMRP, an RNA binding protein that represses translation of some of its target transcripts. Here we use ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing to investigate the dysregulation of translation in the mouse brain cortex. We find that most changes in ribosome occupancy on hundreds of mRNAs are largely driven by dysregulation in transcript abundance. Many down-regulated mRNAs, which are mostly responsible for neuronal and synaptic functions, are highly enriched for FMRP binding targets. RNA metabolic labeling demonstrates that, in FMRP-deficient cortical neurons, mRNA down-regulation is caused by elevated degradation and is correlated with codon optimality. Moreover, FMRP preferentially binds mRNAs with optimal codons, suggesting that it stabilizes such transcripts through direct interactions via the translational machinery. Finally, we show that the paradigm of genetic rescue of FXS-like phenotypes in FMRP-deficient mice by deletion of the Cpeb1 gene is mediated by restoration of steady-state RNA levels and consequent rebalancing of translational homeostasis. Our data establish an essential role of FMRP in codon optimality-dependent mRNA stability as an important factor in FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Shu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605;
| | - Elisa Donnard
- Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Botao Liu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Suna Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Ruijia Wang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Joel D Richter
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
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16
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França MM, Funari MFA, Lerario AM, Santos MG, Nishi MY, Domenice S, Moraes DR, Costalonga EF, Maciel GAR, Maciel-Guerra AT, Guerra-Junior G, Mendonca BB. Screening of targeted panel genes in Brazilian patients with primary ovarian insufficiency. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240795. [PMID: 33095795 PMCID: PMC7584253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a heterogeneous disorder associated with several genes. The majority of cases are still unsolved. Our aim was to identify the molecular diagnosis of a Brazilian cohort with POI. Genetic analysis was performed using a customized panel of targeted massively parallel sequencing (TMPS) and the candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Additional copy number variation (CNV) analysis of TMPS samples was performed by CONTRA. Fifty women with POI (29 primary amenorrhea and 21 secondary amenorrhea) of unknown molecular diagnosis were included in this study, which was conducted in a tertiary referral center of clinical endocrinology. A genetic defect was obtained in 70% women with POI using the customized TMPS panel. Twenty-four pathogenic variants and two CNVs were found in 48% of POI women. Of these variants, 16 genes were identified as BMP8B, CPEB1, INSL3, MCM9, GDF9, UBR2, ATM, STAG3, BMP15, BMPR2, DAZL, PRDM1, FSHR, EIF4ENIF1, NOBOX, and GATA4. Moreover, a microdeletion and microduplication in the CPEB1 and SYCE1 genes, respectively, were also identified in two distinct patients. The genetic analysis of eleven patients was classified as variants of uncertain clinical significance whereas this group of patients harbored at least two variants in different genes. Thirteen patients had benign or no rare variants, and therefore the genetic etiology remained unclear. In conclusion, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a highly effective approach to identify the genetic diagnoses of heterogenous disorders, such as POI. A molecular etiology allowed us to improve the disease knowledge, guide decisions about prevention or treatment, and allow familial counseling avoiding future comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M. França
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariana F. A. Funari
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. Lerario
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Mariza G. Santos
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirian Y. Nishi
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sequenciamento em Larga Escala (SELA), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sorahia Domenice
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela R. Moraes
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Everlayny F. Costalonga
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A. R. Maciel
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea T. Maciel-Guerra
- Departamento de Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gil Guerra-Junior
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Berenice B. Mendonca
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sequenciamento em Larga Escala (SELA), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Kulkarni A, Lopez DH, Extavour CG. Shared Cell Biological Functions May Underlie Pleiotropy of Molecular Interactions in the Germ Lines and Nervous Systems of Animals. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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18
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Bestetti I, Castronovo C, Sironi A, Caslini C, Sala C, Rossetti R, Crippa M, Ferrari I, Pistocchi A, Toniolo D, Persani L, Marozzi A, Finelli P. High-resolution array-CGH analysis on 46,XX patients affected by early onset primary ovarian insufficiency discloses new genes involved in ovarian function. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:574-583. [PMID: 30689869 PMCID: PMC6389867 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can high resolution array-CGH analysis on a cohort of women showing a primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) phenotype in young age identify copy number variants (CNVs) with a deleterious effect on ovarian function? SUMMARY ANSWER This approach has proved effective to clarify the role of CNVs in POI pathogenesis and to better unveil both novel candidate genes and pathogenic mechanisms. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POI describes the progression toward the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. Genetic causes are highly heterogeneous and despite several genes being associated with ovarian failure, most of genetic basis of POI still needs to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The current study included 67 46,XX patients with early onset POI (<19 years) and 134 control females recruited between 2012 and 2016 at the Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS High resolution array-CGH analysis was carried out on POI patients’ DNA. Results of patients and female controls were analyzed to search for rare CNVs. All variants were validated and subjected to a gene content analysis and disease gene prioritization based on the present literature to find out new ovary candidate genes. Case-control study with statistical analysis was carried out to validate our approach and evaluate any ovary CNVs/gene enrichment. Characterization of particular CNVs with molecular and functional studies was performed to assess their pathogenic involvement in POI. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We identified 37 ovary-related CNVs involving 44 genes with a role in ovary in 32 patients. All except one of the selected CNVs were not observed in the control group. Possible involvement of the CNVs in POI pathogenesis was further corroborated by a case-control analysis that showed a significant enrichment of ovary-related CNVs/genes in patients (P = 0.0132; P = 0.0126). Disease gene prioritization identified both previously reported POI genes (e.g. BMP15, DIAPH2, CPEB1, BNC1) and new candidates supported by transcript and functional studies, such as TP63 with a role in oocyte genomic integrity and VLDLR which is involved in steroidogenesis. LARGE SCALE DATA ClinVar database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/); accession numbers SCV000787656 to SCV000787743. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a descriptive analysis for almost all of the CNVs identified. Inheritance studies of CNVs in some non-familial sporadic cases was not performed as the parents’ DNA samples were not available. Addionally, RT-qPCR analyses were carried out in few cases as RNA samples were not always available and the genes were not expressed in blood. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our array-CGH screening turned out to be efficient in identifying different CNVs possibly implicated in disease onset, thus supporting the extremely wide genetic heterogeneity of POI. Since almost 50% of cases are negative rare ovary-related CNVs, array-CGH together with next generation sequencing might represent the most suitable approach to obtain a comprehensive genetic characterization of POI patients. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Supported by Italian Ministry of Health grants ‘Ricerca Corrente’ (08C203_2012) and ‘Ricerca Finalizzata’ (GR-2011-02351636, BIOEFFECT) to IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bestetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Castronovo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - A Sironi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Caslini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - R Rossetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy
| | - M Crippa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - I Ferrari
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pistocchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - D Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - P Finelli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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19
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Wang Z, Liu CY, Zhao Y, Dean J. FIGLA, LHX8 and SOHLH1 transcription factor networks regulate mouse oocyte growth and differentiation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:3525-3541. [PMID: 32086523 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ-cell transcription factors control gene networks that regulate oocyte differentiation and primordial follicle formation during early, postnatal mouse oogenesis. Taking advantage of gene-edited mice lacking transcription factors expressed in female germ cells, we analyzed global gene expression profiles in perinatal ovaries from wildtype, FiglaNull, Lhx8Null and Sohlh1Null mice. Figla deficiency dysregulates expression of meiosis-related genes (e.g. Sycp3, Rad51, Ybx2) and a variety of genes (e.g. Nobox, Lhx8, Taf4b, Sohlh1, Sohlh2, Gdf9) associated with oocyte growth and differentiation. The absence of FIGLA significantly impedes meiotic progression, causes DNA damage and results in oocyte apoptosis. Moreover, we find that FIGLA and other transcriptional regulator proteins (e.g. NOBOX, LHX8, SOHLH1, SOHLH2) are co-expressed in the same subset of germ cells in perinatal ovaries and Figla ablation dramatically disrupts KIT, NOBOX, LHX8, SOHLH1 and SOHLH2 abundance. In addition, not only do FIGLA, LHX8 and SOHLH1 cross-regulate each other, they also cooperate by direct interaction with each during early oocyte development and share downstream gene targets. Thus, our findings substantiate a major role for FIGLA, LHX8 and SOHLH1 as multifunctional regulators of networks necessary for oocyte maintenance and differentiation during early folliculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengpin Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chen-Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yangu Zhao
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jurrien Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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20
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Esencan E, Kallen A, Zhang M, Seli E. Translational activation of maternally derived mRNAs in oocytes and early embryos and the role of embryonic poly(A) binding protein (EPAB). Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1147-1157. [PMID: 30806655 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription ceases upon stimulation of oocyte maturation and gene expression during oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early cleavage relies on translational activation of maternally derived mRNAs. Two key mechanisms that mediate translation of mRNAs in oocytes have been described in detail: cytoplasmic polyadenylation-dependent and -independent. Both of these mechanisms utilize specific protein complexes that interact with cis-acting sequences located on 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), and both involve embryonic poly(A) binding protein (EPAB), the predominant poly(A) binding protein during early development. While mechanistic details of these pathways have primarily been elucidated using the Xenopus model, their roles are conserved in mammals and targeted disruption of key regulators in mouse results in female infertility. Here, we provide a detailed account of the molecular mechanisms involved in translational activation during oocyte and early embryo development, and the role of EPAB in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Esencan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amanda Kallen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emre Seli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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21
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Pascual R, Martín J, Salvador F, Reina O, Chanes V, Millanes-Romero A, Suñer C, Fernández-Miranda G, Bartomeu A, Huang YS, Gomis RR, Méndez R. The RNA binding protein CPEB2 regulates hormone sensing in mammary gland development and luminal breast cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax3868. [PMID: 32440535 PMCID: PMC7228762 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Organogenesis is directed by coordinated cell proliferation and differentiation programs. The hierarchical networks of transcription factors driving mammary gland development and function have been widely studied. However, the contribution of posttranscriptional gene expression reprogramming remains largely unexplored. The 3' untranslated regions of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) contain combinatorial ensembles of cis-regulatory elements that define transcript-specific regulation of protein synthesis through their cognate RNA binding proteins. We analyze the contribution of the RNA binding cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) protein family, which collectively regulate mRNA translation for about 30% of the genome. We find that CPEB2 is required for the integration of hormonal signaling by controlling the protein expression from a subset of ER/PR- regulated transcripts. Furthermore, CPEB2 is critical for the development of ER-positive breast tumors. This work uncovers a previously unknown gene expression regulation level in breast morphogenesis and tumorigenesis, coordinating sequential transcriptional and posttranscriptional layers of gene expression regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pascual
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Martín
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Salvador
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Reina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Chanes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Millanes-Romero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Suñer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández-Miranda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bartomeu
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Roger R. Gomis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Jiao W, Zhao S, Liu R, Guo T, Qin Y. CPEB1 deletion is not a common explanation for premature ovarian insufficiency in a Chinese cohort. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:49. [PMID: 32354341 PMCID: PMC7193392 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), which is characterized by early menopause before the age of 40 years, affects approximately 1–5% of women. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is a post-transcriptional regulatory protein that is highly expressed in germ cells and promotes oocytes maturation, and several studies have found microdeletions of chromosome 15q25.2, which contains the CPEB1 gene, in POI patients. However, the deleted region also includes other plausible genes, and thus the contribution of CPEB1 to POI is uncertain. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between CPEB1 deletion and POI in a Chinese cohort. Material and methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with primers for exon 4 and exon 11 of CPEB1 was performed to detect the CPEB1 deletion in 323 patients with POI and in 300 healthy controls. Subsequent qPCR with primers for each exon of CPEB1 was performed to precisely localize the deletion locus. Results One patient with primary amenorrhea was found to carry a heterozygous deletion of exons 8–12 of the CPEB1 gene. Conclusion Our study is the first to search for CPEB1 deletions in POI patients using a simple qPCR method, and we show that CPEB1 deletion is not a common cause for POI in a Chinese cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Jiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shidou Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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23
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A Comparative Analysis of Oocyte Development in Mammals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041002. [PMID: 32316494 PMCID: PMC7226043 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction requires the fertilization of a female gamete after it has undergone optimal development. Various aspects of oocyte development and many molecular actors in this process are shared among mammals, but phylogeny and experimental data reveal species specificities. In this chapter, we will present these common and distinctive features with a focus on three points: the shaping of the oocyte transcriptome from evolutionarily conserved and rapidly evolving genes, the control of folliculogenesis and ovulation rate by oocyte-secreted Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15, and the importance of lipid metabolism.
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24
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Christou-Kent M, Dhellemmes M, Lambert E, Ray PF, Arnoult C. Diversity of RNA-Binding Proteins Modulating Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Expression in the Maturing Mammalian Oocyte. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030662. [PMID: 32182827 PMCID: PMC7140715 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oocyte faces a particular challenge in terms of gene regulation. When oocytes resume meiosis at the end of the growth phase and prior to ovulation, the condensed chromatin state prevents the transcription of genes as they are required. Transcription is effectively silenced from the late germinal vesicle (GV) stage until embryonic genome activation (EGA) following fertilisation. Therefore, during its growth, the oocyte must produce the mRNA transcripts needed to fulfil its protein requirements during the active period of meiotic completion, fertilisation, and the maternal-to zygote-transition (MZT). After meiotic resumption, gene expression control can be said to be transferred from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, from transcriptional regulation to translational regulation. Maternal RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are the mediators of translational regulation and their role in oocyte maturation and early embryo development is vital. Understanding these mechanisms will provide invaluable insight into the oocyte's requirements for developmental competence, with important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of infertility. Here, we give an overview of post-transcriptional regulation in the oocyte, emphasising the current knowledge of mammalian RBP mechanisms, and develop the roles of these mechanisms in the timely activation and elimination of maternal transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Christou-Kent
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.-K.); (M.D.); (E.L.); (P.F.R.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Magali Dhellemmes
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.-K.); (M.D.); (E.L.); (P.F.R.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Emeline Lambert
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.-K.); (M.D.); (E.L.); (P.F.R.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre F. Ray
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.-K.); (M.D.); (E.L.); (P.F.R.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CHU de Grenoble, UM GI-DPI, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Arnoult
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.-K.); (M.D.); (E.L.); (P.F.R.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-76-63-74-08
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25
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Olesnicky EC, Killian DJ. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB), Orb, is important for dendrite development and neuron fate specification in Drosophila melanogaster. Gene 2020; 738:144473. [PMID: 32057929 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (CPEBs) are widely conserved proteins that regulate the length of poly(A) tails in the cytoplasm, regulate translation, and regulate mRNA transport. While CPEBs are best known for regulating maternal messages in oocytes, CPEBs also have roles in many other cell types including neurons. Here we extend our knowledge of the roles of CPEBs in neurons by showing that the Drosophila CPEB-encoding gene, orb, is required for proper dendrite development in larval sensory dendritic arborization neurons. Furthermore, we provide evidence that orb is important for neuron cell fate specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia C Olesnicky
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, United States.
| | - Darrell J Killian
- Department of Molecular Biology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 80903, United States
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26
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Cataloguing and Selection of mRNAs Localized to Dendrites in Neurons and Regulated by RNA-Binding Proteins in RNA Granules. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020167. [PMID: 31978946 PMCID: PMC7072219 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal translational regulation plays a key role in determining cell fate and function. Specifically, in neurons, local translation in dendrites is essential for synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. To achieve local translation, RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules regulate target mRNA stability, localization, and translation. To date, mRNAs localized to dendrites have been identified by comprehensive analyses. In addition, mRNAs associated with and regulated by RNA-binding proteins have been identified using various methods in many studies. However, the results obtained from these numerous studies have not been compiled together. In this review, we have catalogued mRNAs that are localized to dendrites and are associated with and regulated by the RNA-binding proteins fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), RNA granule protein 105 (RNG105, also known as Caprin1), Ras-GAP SH3 domain binding protein (G3BP), cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), and staufen double-stranded RNA binding proteins 1 and 2 (Stau1 and Stau2) in RNA granules. This review provides comprehensive information on dendritic mRNAs, the neuronal functions of mRNA-encoded proteins, the association of dendritic mRNAs with RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules, and the effects of RNA-binding proteins on mRNA regulation. These findings provide insights into the mechanistic basis of protein-synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity and memory formation and contribute to future efforts to understand the physiological implications of local regulation of dendritic mRNAs in neurons.
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27
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Kato Y, Iwamori T, Ninomiya Y, Kohda T, Miyashita J, Sato M, Saga Y. ELAVL2-directed RNA regulatory network drives the formation of quiescent primordial follicles. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48251. [PMID: 31657143 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of primordial follicles is a fundamental, early process in mammalian oogenesis. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We herein report that the RNA-binding proteins ELAVL2 and DDX6 are indispensable for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles in mouse ovaries. We show that Elavl2 knockout females are infertile due to defective primordial follicle formation. ELAVL2 associates with mRNAs encoding components of P-bodies (cytoplasmic RNP granules involved in the decay and storage of RNA) and directs the assembly of P-body-like granules by promoting the translation of DDX6 in oocytes prior to the formation of primordial follicles. Deletion of Ddx6 disturbs the assembly of P-body-like granules and severely impairs the formation of primordial follicles, indicating the potential importance of P-body-like granules in the formation of primordial follicles. Furthermore, Ddx6-deficient oocytes are abnormally enlarged due to misregulated PI3K-AKT signaling. Our data reveal that an ELAVL2-directed post-transcriptional network is essential for the formation of quiescent primordial follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Kato
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tokuko Iwamori
- Department of Biomedicine, Research Center for Human Disease Modeling, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Youichirou Ninomiya
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Jyunko Miyashita
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sato
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
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28
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Pandey A, Yadav SK, Vishvkarma R, Singh B, Maikhuri JP, Rajender S, Gupta G. The dynamics of gene expression during and post meiosis sets the sperm agenda. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1921-1939. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Pandey
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Rahul Vishvkarma
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Bineta Singh
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Singh Rajender
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
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Li L, Lan J, Ye Y, Yang B, Yang X, Cai Z. CPEB1 Expression Correlates with Severity of Posttraumatic Ankle Osteoarthritis and Aggravates Catabolic Effect of IL-1β on Chondrocytes. Inflammation 2019; 42:628-636. [PMID: 30411210 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Most cases of posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis (PTAOA) represent a sequela of ankle fractures. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is an RNA binding protein that controls protein expression. Here, we report the previously unappreciated association of CPEB1 with PTAOA. We found that CPEB1 was upregulated in articular cartilage from patients with PTAOA. Additionally, its expression level positively correlated with disease severity. In human primary chondrocytes cultured in vitro, CPEB1 was upregulated when treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e., IL-1β and TNF-α, suggesting that the observed CPEB1 upregulation in articular cartilage of PTAOA patients may be attributed to local inflammatory milieu. Functionally, CPEB1 overexpression aggravated the catabolic effect of IL-1β on chondrocytes in vitro, and vice versa, its knockdown reduced this effect, together implying a detrimental role of CPEB1 involved in OA progression. In sum, our study identifies CPEB1 as a potential regulator of disease progression of PTAOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiaping Lan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjie Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suining Central Hospital, No. 27 Dongping North Road, Hedong New District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Trauma Orthopedic Institute of Chinese PLA, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijun Cai
- Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Trauma Orthopedic Institute of Chinese PLA, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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Wilburn DB, Feldhoff RC. An annual cycle of gene regulation in the red-legged salamander mental gland: from hypertrophy to expression of rapidly evolving pheromones. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 19:10. [PMID: 31029098 PMCID: PMC6487043 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-019-0190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Cell differentiation is mediated by synchronized waves of coordinated expression for hundreds to thousands of genes, and must be regulated to produce complex tissues and phenotypes. For many animal species, sexual selection has driven the development of elaborate male ornaments, requiring sex-specific differentiation pathways. One such male ornament is the pheromone-producing mental gland of the red-legged salamander (Plethodon shermani). Mental gland development follows an annual cycle of extreme hypertrophy, production of pheromones for the ~ 2 month mating season, and then complete resorption before repeating the process in the following year. At the peak of the mating season, the transcriptional and translational machinery of the mental gland are almost exclusively redirected to the synthesis of rapidly evolving pheromones. Of these pheromones, Plethodontid Modulating Factor (PMF) has experienced an unusual history: following gene duplication, the protein coding sequence diversified from positive sexual selection while the untranslated regions have been conserved by purifying selection. The molecular underpinnings that bridge the processes of gland hypertrophy, pheromone synthesis, and conservation of the untranslated regions remain to be determined. Results Using Illumina sequencing, we prepared a de novo transcriptome of the mental gland at six stages of development. Differential expression analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed that the mental gland initially adopts a highly proliferative, almost tumor-like phenotype, followed by a rapid increase in pheromone mRNA and protein. One likely player in this transition is Cold Inducible RNA Binding Protein (CIRBP), which selectively and cooperatively binds the highly conserved PMF 3′ UTR. CIRBP, along with other proteins associated with stress response, have seemingly been co-opted to aid in mental gland development by helping to regulate pheromone synthesis. Conclusions The P. shermani mental gland utilizes a complex system of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation to facilitate its hypertrophication and pheromone synthesis. The data support the evolutionary interplay of coding and noncoding segments in rapid gene evolution, and necessitate the study of co-evolution between pheromone gene products and their transcriptional/translational regulators. Additionally, the mental gland could be a powerful emerging model of regulated tissue proliferation and subsequent resorption within the dermis and share molecular links to skin cancer biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12861-019-0190-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien B Wilburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. .,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Richard C Feldhoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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Kwon J, Park S, Seong MJ, Choi I, Kim NH. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2 (CPEB2) is required for tight-junction assembly for establishment of porcine trophectoderm epithelium. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:412-419. [DOI: 10.1071/rd18098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB) is an RNA-binding protein that promotes elongation of poly(A) tails and regulates mRNA translation. CPEB depletion in mammary epithelium is known to disrupt tight-junction (TJ) assembly via mislocalisation of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), but the role of CPEB in the biological functions associated with TJs has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the roles of CPEB2 during porcine parthenote development. CPEB2 was detected in both the nuclei and apical cytoplasm at the 4- and 8-cell stages and was localised to cell–cell contact after the initiation of the morula stage. Its depletion led to retarded blastocyst formation caused by impaired TJ assembly. Moreover, transcription of TJ-associated genes, including TJP1, Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) and occludin (OCLN), was not affected, but the corresponding proteins were not properly localised at the apical cell membrane in morulae, suggesting that CPEB2 confers mRNA stability or determines subcellular localisation for translation. Remarkably reduced relative levels of TJP1 transcripts bearing the 3′-untranslated region were noted, indicating that CPEB2 mediates TJP1 mRNA stability. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that because of its regulation of TJP1, CPEB2 is required for TJ assembly during porcine blastocyst development.
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32
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Mak W, Xia J, Cheng EC, Lowther K, Lin H. A role of Pumilio 1 in mammalian oocyte maturation and maternal phase of embryogenesis. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:54. [PMID: 30364263 PMCID: PMC6194604 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RNA binding proteins play a pivotal role during the oocyte-to-embryo transition and maternal phase of embryogenesis in invertebrates, but their function in these processes in mammalian systems remain largely understudied. Results Here we report that a member of the Pumilio/FBF family of RNA binding proteins in mice, Pumilio 1 (Pum1), is a maternal effect gene. The absence of maternal PUM1 in the oocyte does not affect meiotic maturation but leads to abnormal preimplantation development. Furthermore, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of oocytes and embryos revealed that there is a concomitant perturbation of the mRNA milieu. Of note, putative PUM1 mRNA targets were equally perturbed as non-direct targets, which indicates that PUM1 regulates the stability of maternal mRNAs both directly and indirectly. We show Cdk1 mRNA, a known PUM1 target essential for meiosis and preimplantation development, is not degraded appropriately during meiosis, leading to an increase in CDK1 protein in mature oocytes, which indicates that PUM1 post-transcriptionally regulates Cdk1 mRNA; this could partially explain the observed abnormal preimplantation development. Furthermore, our results show that maternal and zygotic PUM1 are required for postnatal survival. Conclusions These findings indicate that PUM1 is essential in the process of cytoplasmic maturation and developmental competence of the oocyte. These results reveal an important function of maternal PUM1 as a post-transcriptional regulator during mammalian embryogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13578-018-0251-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred Mak
- 3Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,Women's Health Department, Dell Medical School, Medical Park Tower, 1301 W. 38th Street, Suite 705, Austin, TX 78705 USA
| | - Jing Xia
- 1Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
| | - Ee-Chun Cheng
- 1Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
| | - Katie Lowther
- 6University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Haifan Lin
- 1Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,2Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,3Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,4Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519 USA.,5SIAIS and School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Prochazkova B, Komrskova P, Kubelka M. CPEB2 Is Necessary for Proper Porcine Meiotic Maturation and Embryonic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103138. [PMID: 30322039 PMCID: PMC6214008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oocyte meiotic maturation and embryogenesis are some of the most important physiological processes that occur in organisms, playing crucial roles in the preservation of life in all species. The post-transcriptional regulation of maternal messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) and the post-translational regulation of proteins are critical in the control of oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis. Translational control affects the basic mechanism of protein synthesis, thus, knowledge of the key components included in this machinery is required in order to understand its regulation. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (CPEBs) bind to the 3′-end of mRNAs to regulate their localization and translation and are necessary for proper development. In this study we examined the expression pattern of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2 (CPEB2) both on the mRNA (by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR) and protein (by Western blotting, WB) level, as well as its localization during the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes and early embryonic development by immunocytochemistry (ICC). For the elucidation of its functions, CPEB2 knockdown by double-strand RNA (dsRNA) was used. We discovered that CPEB2 is expressed during all stages of porcine meiotic maturation and embryonic development. Moreover, we found that it is necessary to enable a high percentage of oocytes to reach the metaphase II (MII) stage, as well as for the production of good-quality parthenogenetic blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Prochazkova
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavla Komrskova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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34
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Fukuda K, Masuda A, Naka T, Suzuki A, Kato Y, Saga Y. Requirement of the 3'-UTR-dependent suppression of DAZL in oocytes for pre-implantation mouse development. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007436. [PMID: 29883445 PMCID: PMC6010300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional oocytes are produced through complex molecular and cellular processes. In particular, the contribution of post-transcriptional gene regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is crucial for controlling proper gene expression during this process. DAZL (deleted in azoospermia-like) is one of the RBPs required for the sexual differentiation of primordial germ cells and for the progression of meiosis in ovulated oocytes. However, the involvement of DAZL in the development of follicular oocytes is still unknown. Here, we show that Dazl is translationally suppressed in a 3'-UTR-dependent manner in follicular oocytes, and this suppression is required for normal pre-implantation development. We found that suppression of DAZL occurred in postnatal oocytes concomitant with the formation of primordial follicles, whereas Dazl mRNA was continuously expressed throughout oocyte development, raising the possibility that DAZL is dispensable for the survival and growth of follicular oocytes. Indeed, follicular oocyte-specific knockout of Dazl resulted in the production of normal number of pups. On the other hand, genetically modified female mice that overexpress DAZL produced fewer numbers of pups than the control due to defective pre-implantation development. Our data suggest that post-transcriptional suppression of DAZL in oocytes is an important mechanism controlling gene expression in the development of functional oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurumi Fukuda
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Aki Masuda
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuma Naka
- Division of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Kato
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (YK); (YS)
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (YK); (YS)
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35
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Molecular Mechanisms of Prophase I Meiotic Arrest Maintenance and Meiotic Resumption in Mammalian Oocytes. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:1519-1537. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719118765974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of meiotic prophase I arrest maintenance (germinal vesicle [GV] stage) and meiotic resumption (germinal vesicle breakdown [GVBD] stage) in mammalian oocytes seem to be very complicated. These processes are regulated via multiple molecular cascades at transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels, and many of them are interrelated. There are many molecular cascades of meiosis maintaining and meiotic resumption in oocyte which are orchestrated by multiple molecules produced by pituitary gland and follicular cells. Furthermore, many of these molecular cascades are duplicated, thus ensuring the stability of the entire system. Understanding mechanisms of oocyte maturation is essential to assess the oocyte status, develop effective protocols of oocyte in vitro maturation, and design novel contraceptive drugs. Mechanisms of meiotic arrest maintenance at prophase I and meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes are covered in the present article.
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36
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Hyon C. [Usefulness of CGH-array and SNP-array for the etiological diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency]. Biol Aujourdhui 2018; 211:199-205. [PMID: 29412129 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2017025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) defined by the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years and the increase of gonadotropins (> 25 UI/l) occurs in approximately 1-5% of women. Different mechanisms are responsible for POI: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, environmental factors or genetic causes but most frequently no cause is identified. In order to determine the etiology of POI, cytogenetic analyses such as karyotype are performed. The karyotype allows to identify abnormalities of the number of chromosomes as well as abnormalities of the structure such as translocations, deletions or insertions of a size greater than 5-10 Mb… Turner syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause of POI and deletions of the long arm of the X chromosome are other causes of POI identified by the karyotype. However, the resolution of the karyotype is low and other cytogenetic techniques were developed such as all genome microarray analysis. This technique includes CGH-array and SNP-array and allows to identify gain or loss of chromosomal material as small as 10 kb but not the balanced structural rearrangements. Different studies using microarray analysis in cohorts of patients presenting with POI identify candidate genes responsible for POI. Furthermore, they allowed to identify a recurrent microdeletion, which includes the CPEB1 gene, located in 15q25.2 in about 1.5% of patients with POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Hyon
- AP-HP, GHUEP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Département de Génétique Médicale, Paris, France - INSERM, UMRS 933, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France - Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
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37
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Zeng M, Li F, Wang L, Chen C, Huang X, Wu X, She W, Zhou L, Tao Z. Downregulated cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein-4 is associated with the carcinogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3226-3232. [PMID: 29435062 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein-4 (CPEB4) is involved in several biological processes that are associated with cancer progression. However, it remains unknown whether CPEB4 expression levels are associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of the present study was to explore the potential function of CPEB4 in HNSCC. The expression of CPEB4 was analyzed in HNSCC from six Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to examine CPEB4 protein levels in an HNSCC tissue microarray (TMA). According to the GEO dataset analyses, CPEB4 gene expression was downregulated in HNSCC compared with normal samples (P<0.05). Notably, a statistical difference was observed between different tumor grades (P<0.05). Furthermore, the methylation of the CPEB4 gene in HNSCC was significantly increased compared with that observed in normal samples (P<0.01). The outcome from the TMA demonstrated that CPEB4 protein expression in human HNSCC tumors was significantly decreased compared with normal samples (P<0.05). In addition, the expression of CPEB4 protein was negatively associated with histological grades of HNSCC (P<0.05). The results from the present study suggested that CPEB4 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in HNSCC, which identifies the potential value of CPEB4 in predicting prognosis of HNSCC. Hypermethylation of the CPEB4 gene may be responsible for the downregulation of CPEB4 expression in HNSCC and result in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng She
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, P.R. China
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Chen J, Cai T, Zheng C, Lin X, Wang G, Liao S, Wang X, Gan H, Zhang D, Hu X, Wang S, Li Z, Feng Y, Yang F, Han C. MicroRNA-202 maintains spermatogonial stem cells by inhibiting cell cycle regulators and RNA binding proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4142-4157. [PMID: 27998933 PMCID: PMC5397178 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs play important roles during mammalian spermatogenesis. However, the function of most miRNAs in spermatogenesis and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we report that miR-202 is highly expressed in mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), and is oppositely regulated by Glial cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) and retinoic acid (RA), two key factors for SSC self-renewal and differentiation. We used inducible CRISPR-Cas9 to knockout miR-202 in cultured SSCs, and found that the knockout SSCs initiated premature differentiation accompanied by reduced stem cell activity and increased mitosis and apoptosis. Target genes were identified with iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis and RNA sequencing, and are enriched with cell cycle regulators and RNA-binding proteins. Rbfox2 and Cpeb1 were found to be direct targets of miR-202 and Rbfox2 but not Cpeb1, is essential for the differentiation of SSCs into meiotic cells. Accordingly, an SSC fate-regulatory network composed of signaling molecules of GDNF and RA, miR-202 and diverse downstream effectors has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tanxi Cai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiwen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shangying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiuxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haiyun Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Daoqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiangjing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yanmin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,The Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Rosario R, Childs AJ, Anderson RA. RNA-binding proteins in human oogenesis: Balancing differentiation and self-renewal in the female fetal germline. Stem Cell Res 2017; 21:193-201. [PMID: 28434825 PMCID: PMC5446320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells undergo three significant processes on their path to becoming primary oocytes: the initiation of meiosis, the formation and breakdown of germ cell nests, and the assembly of single oocytes into primordial follicles. However at the onset of meiosis, the germ cell becomes transcriptionally silenced. Consequently translational control of pre-stored mRNAs plays a central role in coordinating gene expression throughout the remainder of oogenesis; RNA binding proteins are key to this regulation. In this review we examine the role of exemplars of such proteins, namely LIN28, DAZL, BOLL and FMRP, and highlight how their roles during germ cell development are critical to oogenesis and the establishment of the primordial follicle pool. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of gene expression during oogenesis. RBPs LIN28, DAZL, BOLL and FMRP display stage-specific expression in fetal oocytes. LIN28 and DAZL may regulate self-renewal and progression into meiosis respectively. BOLL and FMRP may be involved in the later stages of prophase I and oocyte growth. RBPs may have critical roles in establishing the ovarian reserve during fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanne Rosario
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Childs
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Richard A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Circadian- and UPR-dependent control of CPEB4 mediates a translational response to counteract hepatic steatosis under ER stress. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:94-105. [PMID: 28092655 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) proteins regulate pre-mRNA processing and translation of CPE-containing mRNAs in early embryonic development and synaptic activity. However, specific functions in adult organisms are poorly understood. Here we show that CPEB4 is required for adaptation to high-fat-diet- and ageing-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and subsequent hepatosteatosis. Stress-activated liver CPEB4 expression is dual-mode regulated. First, Cpeb4 mRNA transcription is controlled by the circadian clock, and then its translation is regulated by the unfolded protein response (UPR) through upstream open reading frames within the 5'UTR. Thus, the CPEB4 protein is synthesized only following ER stress but the induction amplitude is circadian. In turn, CPEB4 activates a second wave of UPR translation required to maintain ER and mitochondrial homeostasis. Our results suggest that combined transcriptional and translational Cpeb4 regulation generates a 'circadian mediator', which coordinates hepatic UPR activity with periods of high ER-protein-folding demand. Accordingly, CPEB4 deficiency results in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Abstract
Fully grown oocytes arrest meiosis at prophase I and deposit maternal RNAs. A subset of maternal transcripts is stored in a dormant state in the oocyte, and the timely driven translation of specific mRNAs guides meiotic progression, the oocyte-embryo transition, and early embryo development. In the absence of transcription, the regulation of gene expression in oocytes is controlled almost exclusively at the level of transcriptome and proteome stabilization and at the level of protein synthesis.This chapter focuses on the recent findings on RNA distribution related to the temporal and spatial translational control of the meiotic cycle progression in mammalian oocytes. We discuss the most relevant mechanisms involved in the organization of the oocyte's maternal transcriptome storage and localization, and the regulation of translation, in correlation with the regulation of oocyte meiotic progression.
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Hester J, Hanna-Rose W, Diaz F. Zinc deficiency reduces fertility in C. elegans hermaphrodites and disrupts oogenesis and meiotic progression. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:203-209. [PMID: 27663471 PMCID: PMC5945198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is necessary for successful gametogenesis in mammals; however the role of zinc in the gonad function of non-mammalian species has not been investigated. The genetic tractability, short generation time, and hermaphroditic reproduction of the nematode C. elegans offer distinct advantages for the study of impaired gametogenesis as a result of zinc deficiency. However the phenotypic reproductive effects arising from zinc restriction have not been established in this model. We therefore examined the effect of zinc deficiency on C. elegans reproduction by exposing worms to the zinc chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine (TPEN). Treatment began at the early larval stage and continued until reproductive senescence. TPEN treatment reduced the total number of progeny produced by C. elegans hermaphrodites compared with control subjects, with the largest difference in output observed 48h after larval stage 4. At this time-point, zinc deficient worms displayed fewer embryos in the uterus and disorganized oocyte development when observed under DIC microscopy. DAPI staining revealed impaired oogenesis and chromosome dynamics with an expanded region of pachytene stage oocytes extending into the proximal arm of the gonad. This phenotype was not seen in control or zinc-rescue subjects. This study demonstrates that reproduction in C. elegans is sensitive to environmental perturbations in zinc, indicating that this is a good model for future studies in zinc-mediated subfertility. Aberrant oocyte development and disruption of the pachytene-diplotene transition indicate that oogenesis in particular is affected by zinc deficiency in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hester
- Intercollege Program in Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Wendy Hanna-Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Francisco Diaz
- Intercollege Program in Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
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Wu Q, Fukuda K, Kato Y, Zhou Z, Deng CX, Saga Y. Sexual Fate Change of XX Germ Cells Caused by the Deletion of SMAD4 and STRA8 Independent of Somatic Sex Reprogramming. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002553. [PMID: 27606421 PMCID: PMC5015973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential programming of sperm and eggs in gonads is a fundamental topic in reproductive biology. Although the sexual fate of germ cells is believed to be determined by signaling factors from sexually differentiated somatic cells in fetal gonads, the molecular mechanism that determines germ cell fate is poorly understood. Herein, we show that mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) in germ cells is required for female-type differentiation. Germ cells in Smad4-deficient ovaries respond to retinoic acid signaling but fail to undergo meiotic prophase I, which coincides with the weaker expression of genes required for follicular formation, indicating that SMAD4 signaling is essential for oocyte differentiation and meiotic progression. Intriguingly, germline-specific deletion of Smad4 in Stra8-null female germ cells resulted in the up-regulation of genes required for male gonocyte differentiation, including Nanos2 and PLZF, suggesting the initiation of male-type differentiation in ovaries. Moreover, our transcriptome analyses of mutant ovaries revealed that the sex change phenotype is achieved without global gene expression changes in somatic cells. Our results demonstrate that SMAD4 and STRA8 are essential factors that regulate the female fate of germ cells. Double ablation of SMAD4 and STRA8 causes female-to-male switching of XX germ cells without affecting somatic cell fate. This suggests that SMAD4 and STRA8 are essential intrinsic factors that determine the female fate of germ cells, collaborating to suppress expression of male genes. Mammalian sex depends on a male-specific gene, sex-determining region Y (SRY), which is located on the Y chromosome. Individuals lacking this gene will develop as female. Accordingly, germ cell fate also changes from male to female in the absence of SRY. Therefore, it is thought that somatic cells regulate germ cells to become sperm or oocytes. However, it is largely unknown what factor is responsible for sexual fate determination in germ cells. In fetal ovaries, retinoic acid (RA) initiates STRA8 expression in germ cells and induces meiosis. Female germ cells without STRA8 fail to enter meiosis but still progress to oogenesis and form oocyte-like cells, indicating that RA is not the regulator of oogenesis. Here, we found that female germ cells lacking both SMAD4 and STRA8 (but not a single knockout) develop as male gonocyte-like cells in ovaries, indicating that these two factors work as female germ cell determinants. To our surprise, the sexual fate switch observed in the double knockout ovary is not accompanied by gene expression changes in somatic cells, revealing the unexpected finding that somatic factors controlled by SRY are dispensable for the upregulation of male-specific genes in germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wu
- Department of Genetics, Sokendai, Mishima, Japan
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Kurumi Fukuda
- Department of Genetics, Sokendai, Mishima, Japan
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Kato
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Department of Genetics, Sokendai, Mishima, Japan
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Tšuiko O, Nõukas M, Žilina O, Hensen K, Tapanainen JS, Mägi R, Kals M, Kivistik PA, Haller-Kikkatalo K, Salumets A, Kurg A. Copy number variation analysis detects novel candidate genes involved in follicular growth and oocyte maturation in a cohort of premature ovarian failure cases. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:1913-25. [PMID: 27301361 PMCID: PMC4974666 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can spontaneous premature ovarian failure (POF) patients derived from population-based biobanks reveal the association between copy number variations (CNVs) and POF? SUMMARY ANSWER CNVs can hamper the functional capacity of ovaries by disrupting key genes and pathways essential for proper ovarian function. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POF is defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. POF is a major reason for female infertility, although its cause remains largely unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The current retrospective CNV study included 301 spontaneous POF patients and 3188 control individuals registered between 2003 and 2014 at Estonian Genome Center at the University of Tartu (EGCUT) biobank. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS DNA samples from 301 spontaneous POF patients were genotyped by Illumina HumanCoreExome (258 samples) and HumanOmniExpress (43 samples) BeadChip arrays. Genotype and phenotype information was drawn from the EGCUT for the 3188 control population samples, previously genotyped with HumanCNV370 and HumanOmniExpress BeadChip arrays. All identified CNVs were subjected to functional enrichment studies for highlighting the POF pathogenesis. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to validate a subset of CNVs. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on six patients carrying hemizygous deletions that encompass genes essential for meiosis or folliculogenesis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Eleven novel microdeletions and microduplications that encompass genes relevant to POF were identified. For example, FMN2 (1q43) and SGOL2 (2q33.1) are essential for meiotic progression, while TBP (6q27), SCARB1 (12q24.31), BNC1 (15q25) and ARFGAP3 (22q13.2) are involved in follicular growth and oocyte maturation. The importance of recently discovered hemizygous microdeletions of meiotic genes SYCE1 (10q26.3) and CPEB1 (15q25.2) in POF patients was also corroborated. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a descriptive analysis and no functional studies were performed. Anamnestic data obtained from population-based biobank lacked clinical, biological (hormone levels) or ultrasonographical data, and spontaneous POF was predicted retrospectively by excluding known extraovarian causes for premature menopause. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The present study, with high number of spontaneous POF cases, provides novel data on associations between the genomic aberrations and premature menopause of ovarian cause and demonstrates that population-based biobanks are powerful source of biological samples and clinical data to reveal novel genetic lesions associated with human reproductive health and disease, including POF. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST This study was supported by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (IUT20-43, IUT20-60, IUT34-16, SF0180027s10 and 9205), Enterprise Estonia (EU30020 and EU48695), Eureka's EUROSTARS programme (NOTED, EU41564), grants from European Union's FP7 Marie Curie Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways (IAPP, SARM, |EU324509) and Horizon 2020 innovation programme (WIDENLIFE, 692065), Academy of Finland and the Sigrid Juselius Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tšuiko
- Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu 50411, Estonia Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu 50410, Estonia Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - M Nõukas
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - O Žilina
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia Department of Genetics, United Laboratory, Tartu University Hospital, L. Puusepa 2, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - K Hensen
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - J S Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, Helsinki 00290, Finland Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, Oulu 90220, Finland
| | - R Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - M Kals
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - P A Kivistik
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - K Haller-Kikkatalo
- Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu 50411, Estonia Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu 50410, Estonia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - A Salumets
- Institute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu 50411, Estonia Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu 50410, Estonia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - A Kurg
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia
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A Multi-Step miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network Construction Approach Identifies Gene Signatures Associated with Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7060026. [PMID: 27271671 PMCID: PMC4929425 DOI: 10.3390/genes7060026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC)-related gene signatures using a multi-step miRNA-mRNA regulatory network construction approach. Pathway analysis showed that 61 genes were enriched on many carcinoma-related pathways. Among the 14 highest scoring gene signatures, six genes had been previously shown to be endometrial carcinoma. By qRT-PCR and next generation sequencing, we found that a gene signature (CPEB1) was significantly down-regulated in EEC tissues, which may be caused by hsa-miR-183-5p up-regulation. In addition, our literature surveys suggested that CPEB1 may play an important role in EEC pathogenesis by regulating the EMT/p53 pathway. The miRNA-mRNA network is worthy of further investigation with respect to the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in EEC. CPEB1 appeared to be a tumor suppressor in EEC. Our results provided valuable guidance for the functional study at the cellular level, as well as the EEC mouse models.
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Mak W, Fang C, Holden T, Dratver MB, Lin H. An Important Role of Pumilio 1 in Regulating the Development of the Mammalian Female Germline. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:134. [PMID: 27170441 PMCID: PMC4946805 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.137497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pumilio/FBF (PUF) proteins are a highly conserved family of translational regulators. The Drosophila PUF protein, Pumilio, is crucial for germline establishment and fertility. In mammals, primordial folliculogenesis is a key process that establishes the initial cohort of female mammalian germ cells prior to birth, and this primordial follicle pool is a prerequisite for female reproductive competence. We sought to understand whether PUF proteins have a conserved role in mammals during primordial folliculogenesis and female reproductive competency. In mammals, two homologs of Pumilio exist: Pumilio 1 (Pum1) and Pum2. Here, we report that PUMILIO (PUM) 1 plays an important role in the establishment of the primordial follicle pool, meiosis, and female reproductive competency, whereas PUM2 does not have a detectable function in these processes. Furthermore, we show that PUM1 facilitates the transition of the late meiotic prophase I oocyte from pachytene to diplotene stage by regulating SYCP1 protein. Our study reveals an important role of translational regulation in mammalian female germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred Mak
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Caodi Fang
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tobias Holden
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Haifan Lin
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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47
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Boustani MR, Mehrabi F, Yahaghi E, Khoshnood RJ, Shahmohammadi M, Darian EK, Goudarzi PK. Somatic CPEB4 and CPEB1 genes mutations spectrum on the prognostic predictive accuracy in patients with high-grade glioma and their clinical significance. J Neurol Sci 2016; 363:80-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kaczmarczyk L, Labrie-Dion É, Sehgal K, Sylvester M, Skubal M, Josten M, Steinhäuser C, De Koninck P, Theis M. New Phosphospecific Antibody Reveals Isoform-Specific Phosphorylation of CPEB3 Protein. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150000. [PMID: 26915047 PMCID: PMC4767366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding proteins (CPEBs) are a family of polyadenylation factors interacting with 3’UTRs of mRNA and thereby regulating gene expression. Various functions of CPEBs in development, synaptic plasticity, and cellular senescence have been reported. Four CPEB family members of partially overlapping functions have been described to date, each containing a distinct alternatively spliced region. This region is highly conserved between CPEBs-2-4 and contains a putative phosphorylation consensus, overlapping with the exon seven of CPEB3. We previously found CPEBs-2-4 splice isoforms containing exon seven to be predominantly present in neurons, and the isoform expression pattern to be cell type-specific. Here, focusing on the alternatively spliced region of CPEB3, we determined that putative neuronal isoforms of CPEB3 are phosphorylated. Using a new phosphospecific antibody directed to the phosphorylation consensus we found Protein Kinase A and Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II to robustly phosphorylate CPEB3 in vitro and in primary hippocampal neurons. Interestingly, status epilepticus induced by systemic kainate injection in mice led to specific upregulation of the CPEB3 isoforms containing exon seven. Extensive analysis of CPEB3 phosphorylation in vitro revealed two other phosphorylation sites. In addition, we found plethora of potential kinases that might be targeting the alternatively spliced kinase consensus site of CPEB3. As this site is highly conserved between the CPEB family members, we suggest the existence of a splicing-based regulatory mechanism of CPEB function, and describe a robust phosphospecific antibody to study it in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lech Kaczmarczyk
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Kapil Sehgal
- Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Sylvester
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Magdalena Skubal
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michele Josten
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Steinhäuser
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paul De Koninck
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Theis
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Sousa Martins JP, Liu X, Oke A, Arora R, Franciosi F, Viville S, Laird DJ, Fung JC, Conti M. DAZL and CPEB1 regulate mRNA translation synergistically during oocyte maturation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1271-82. [PMID: 26826184 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.179218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic progression requires exquisitely coordinated translation of maternal messenger (m)RNA that has accumulated during oocyte growth. A major regulator of this program is the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1). However, the temporal pattern of translation at different meiotic stages indicates the function of additional RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Here, we report that deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) cooperates with CPEB1 to regulate maternal mRNA translation. Using a strategy that monitors ribosome loading onto endogenous mRNAs and a prototypic translation target, we show that ribosome loading is induced in a DAZL- and CPEB1-dependent manner, as the oocyte reenters meiosis. Depletion of the two RBPs from oocytes and mutagenesis of the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) demonstrate that both RBPs interact with the Tex19.1 3' UTR and cooperate in translation activation of this mRNA. We observed a synergism between DAZL and cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) in the translation pattern of maternal mRNAs when using a genome-wide analysis. Mechanistically, the number of DAZL proteins loaded onto the mRNA and the characteristics of the CPE might define the degree of cooperation between the two RBPs in activating translation and meiotic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao P Sousa Martins
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ashwini Oke
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Stephan Viville
- Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale INSERM U964, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR 1704, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Diana J Laird
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jennifer C Fung
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Marco Conti
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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50
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Licatalosi DD. Roles of RNA-binding Proteins and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Driving Male Germ Cell Development in the Mouse. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 907:123-51. [PMID: 27256385 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-29073-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are dependent on highly regulated gene expression programs in which cell-specific combinations of regulatory factors determine which genes are expressed and the post-transcriptional fate of the resulting RNA transcripts. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by RNA-binding proteins has critical roles in tissue development-allowing individual genes to generate multiple RNA and protein products, and the timing, location, and abundance of protein synthesis to be finely controlled. Extensive post-transcriptional regulation occurs during mammalian gametogenesis, including high levels of alternative mRNA expression, stage-specific expression of mRNA variants, broad translational repression, and stage-specific activation of mRNA translation. In this chapter, an overview of the roles of RNA-binding proteins and the importance of post-transcriptional regulation in male germ cell development in the mouse is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donny D Licatalosi
- Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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