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Allen AM, Younossi ZM, Diehl AM, Charlton MR, Lazarus JV. Envisioning how to advance the MASH field. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00938-9. [PMID: 38834817 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Since 1980, the cumulative effort of scientists and health-care stakeholders has advanced the prerequisites to address metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a prevalent chronic non-communicable liver disease. This effort has led to, among others, the approval of the first drug specific for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH; formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis). Despite substantial progress, MASLD is still a leading cause of advanced chronic liver disease, including primary liver cancer. This Perspective contextualizes the nomenclature change from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to MASLD and proposes important considerations to accelerate further progress in the field, optimize patient-centric multidisciplinary care pathways, advance pharmacological, behavioural and diagnostic research, and address health disparities. Key regulatory and other steps necessary to optimize the approval and access to upcoming additional pharmacological therapeutic agents for MASH are also outlined. We conclude by calling for increased education and awareness, enhanced health system preparedness, and concerted action by policy-makers to further the public health and policy agenda to achieve at least parity with other non-communicable diseases and to aid in growing the community of practice to reduce the human and economic burden and end the public health threat of MASLD and MASH by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Allen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zobair M Younossi
- Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
- The Global NASH Council, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Michael R Charlton
- Center for Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey V Lazarus
- The Global NASH Council, Washington DC, USA.
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ensho T, Hino J, Ueda Y, Miyazato M, Iwakura H. Vascular endothelial cell-specific overexpression of CNP did not improve liver fibrosis in HFFCD-induced NASH, but did improve renal lesions. Peptides 2024; 172:171146. [PMID: 38157939 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mice with endothelial-cell-specific overexpression of C-type natriuretic peptide (E-CNP Tg mice) were shown to be protected against hepatic fibrosis and inflammation induced by high fat diet (HFD) feeding, with improved insulin sensitivity and attenuated weight gain. A recently developed high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet (HFFCD) is considered to be a superior model to HFD, owing to the resemblance to human non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we therefore aimed to reveal whether these previous findings with E-CNP Tg mice on HFD can be observed in a newly developed NASH model. Patients with NASH have been suggested to be at higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease, so we also assessed the kidney histology of these mice. After 8 months of HFFCD feeding, the livers of E-CNP Tg mice and controls showed progressive fibrosis, which resembled the features of human NASH. However, no significant differences were observed in NAFLD activity scores between E-CNP Tg mice and controls, although there was a tendency for improvement in E-CNP Tg mice. The reduced levels of GCB, a receptor for CNP, may have weakened the action of CNP in the current model. In the kidneys, HFFCD showed glomerular hypertrophy and tubular atrophy in the cortical region, which were suppressed in E-CNP Tg mice. The present study did not prove the therapeutic effect of CNP on NASH in the HFFCD model, but provided evidence of its potential beneficial effects on NASH-associated renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ensho
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Jun Hino
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Ueda
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
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Ahmed L, Gebran S, Persaud A, Saeed K, Khan K, Saeed S, Alothman S, Passos-Fox B, DePaz H, Suman P. The Use of Noninvasive Scores in Predicting NAFLD Progression After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2023; 33:4026-4033. [PMID: 37884692 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery has been postulated to impact liver function resulting in favorable effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to analyze the long-term impact of bariatric surgery on noninvasive scores predicting the progression of liver fibrosis in a bariatric population. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients without pre-existing liver disease who underwent sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) at our center between 2010 and 2018. Four predictive scores for liver fibrosis (AST/ALT, APRI, Fib-4, and BARD) were calculated preoperatively, 6 months post-operatively, and annually up to 5 years. Correlations were analyzed with Pearson R. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to identify populations at increased risk. RESULTS A total of 2769 patients were included. The mean age was 40 years, and the majority was females (88.5%) and of Hispanic ethnicity (59.2%). There was a steady post-operative increase in the percentage of patients at increased risk of progression of liver fibrosis. The Fib-4 score showed the largest increase in the population at risk for liver fibrosis (11.3% preoperatively to 28.9% at 5 years). Patients with diabetes and those who underwent a sleeve gastrectomy continued to display a higher risk for liver fibrosis than did patients without diabetes and those who underwent RYGB, respectively. CONCLUSION There was an overall trend to increased liver fibrosis scores over the 5-year post-operative follow-up, but this increase remained lower than that reported in previous literature. Bariatric surgery offers NAFLD risk reduction in a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leaque Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Selim Gebran
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA.
| | - Amrita Persaud
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Kashif Saeed
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Khuram Khan
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Saqib Saeed
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
| | - Sara Alothman
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Bianca Passos-Fox
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Hector DePaz
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
| | - Paritosh Suman
- Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Ave, New York, NY, 10037, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, 374 Stockholm St, Room C-408, Brooklyn, NY, Brooklyn, NY, 11237, USA
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Orliacq J, Pérez-Cornago A, Parry SA, Kelly RK, Koutoukidis DA, Carter JL. Associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and liver fat: a UK Biobank study. BMC Med 2023; 21:444. [PMID: 37968623 PMCID: PMC10652437 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Excess energy intake can lead to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake and liver fat content remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and liver fat content. METHODS UK Biobank participants with no pre-existing diabetes, liver disease or cardiovascular disease reported dietary intake of types and sources of carbohydrates (total carbohydrates, free sugars, non-free sugars, starch from whole grains, starch from refined grains, and fibre) on at least two 24-h dietary assessments. In cross-sectional analyses, (n = 22,973), odds ratios (OR) of high liver fat content (defined as a score of ≥ 36 in the hepatic steatosis index) by quintiles of carbohydrate intakes were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. In prospective analyses, a second sample (n = 9268) had liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (2014-2020). Multivariable linear regression models estimated geometric means of PDFF (%) by quintiles of carbohydrate intakes. Models were adjusted for demographic and lifestyle confounders, including total energy intake. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analyses, 6894 cases of high liver fat content were identified. Inverse associations between intakes of fibre (OR of highest vs. lowest quintile 0.46 [95% CI: 0.41-0.52]), non-free sugars (0.63 [0.57-0.70]) and starch from whole grains (0.52 [0.47-0.57]) with liver fat were observed. There were positive associations between starch from refined grains and liver fat (1.33 [1.21-1.46]), but no association with free sugars (p=0.61). In prospective analyses, inverse associations with PDFF (%) were observed for intakes of fibre (- 0.48 geometric mean difference between highest and lowest quintile of intake [- 0.60 to - 0.35]), non-free sugars (- 0.37 [- 0.49 to - 0.25]) and starch from whole grains (- 0.31 [- 0.42 to - 0.19]). Free sugars, but not starch from refined grains, were positively associated with PDFF (0.17 [0.05 to 0.28]). CONCLUSION This study suggests that different carbohydrate types and sources have varying associations with liver fat, which may be important for MASLD prevention. Non-free sugars, fibre, and starch from whole grains could be protective, while associations with free sugars and starch from refined grains are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Orliacq
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit (CEU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aurora Pérez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit (CEU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siôn A Parry
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Rebecca K Kelly
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit (CEU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, The University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Jennifer L Carter
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Luerken L, Dollinger M, Goetz A, Utpatel K, Doppler MC, Weiss JB, Uller W, Ignee A, Verloh N, Haimerl M. Diagnostic Accuracy of Indocyanine Green Clearance Test for Different Stages of Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2663. [PMID: 37627922 PMCID: PMC10453681 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to correlate the indocyanine green clearance (ICG) test with histopathological grades of liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis to assess its diagnostic accuracy in differentiating normal liver parenchyma from liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. (2) Methods: A total of 82 patients who received a histopathological liver examination, imaging, and ICG test within three months were included in this retrospective study. The histopathological level of fibrosis was graded using the Ishak scoring system, and the patients were divided into five categories: no liver fibrosis (NLF), mild liver fibrosis (MLF), advanced liver fibrosis (ALF), severe liver fibrosis (SLF), and liver cirrhosis (LC). The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc pairwise comparison utilizing Mann-Whitney U tests and Bonferroni adjustment was used to analyze differences in the ICG test results between the patient groups. Cross correlation between the individual fibrosis/cirrhosis stages and the score of the ICG test was performed, and the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each model predicting liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. (3) Results: A significant difference (p ≤ 0.001) between stages of NLF, LF, and LC was found for the ICG parameters (ICG plasma disappearance rate (ICG-PDR) and ICG retention percentage at 15 min (ICG-R15)). The post hoc analysis revealed that NLF significantly differed from SLF (ICG-PDR: p = 0.001; ICG-R15: p = 0.001) and LC (ICG-PDR: p = 0.001; ICG-R15: p = 0.001). ALF also significantly differed from SLF (ICG-PDR: p = 0.033; ICG-R15: p = 0.034) and LC (ICG-PDR: p = 0.014; ICG-R15: p = 0.014). The sensitivity for detection of an initial stage of liver fibrosis compared to no liver fibrosis (Ishak ≥ 1) was 0.40; the corresponding specificity was 0.80. The differentiation of advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis (Ishak ≥ 4) compared to other stages of liver fibrosis was 0.75, with a specificity of 0.81. (4) Conclusions: This study shows that the ICG test, as a non-invasive diagnostic test, is able to differentiate patients with no liver fibrosis from patients with advanced liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. The ICG test seems to be helpful in monitoring patients with liver fibrosis regarding compensation levels, thus potentially enabling physicians to both detect progression from compensated liver fibrosis to advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and to initiate antifibrotic treatment at an earlier stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Luerken
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.L.)
| | - Marco Dollinger
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.L.)
| | - Andrea Goetz
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.L.)
| | - Kirstin Utpatel
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Christian Doppler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Benedikt Weiss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wibke Uller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - André Ignee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Wuerzburg Mitte, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Verloh
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Haimerl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hospital Wuerzburg Mitte, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Esparza J, Shrestha U, Kleiner DE, Crawford JM, Vanatta J, Satapathy S, Tipirneni-Sajja A. Automated Segmentation and Morphological Characterization of Hepatic Steatosis and Correlation with Histopathology. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:468-478. [PMID: 37250872 PMCID: PMC10213977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased to 25% of the world population. Hepatic steatosis is a hallmark feature of NAFLD and is assessed histologically using visual and ordinal fat grading criteria (0-3) from the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network (CRN) scoring system. The purpose of this study is to automatically segment and extract morphological characteristics and distributions of fat droplets (FDs) on liver histology images and find associations with severity of steatosis. Methods A previously published human cohort of 68 NASH candidates was graded for steatosis by an experienced pathologist using the Fat CRN grading system. The automated segmentation algorithm quantified fat fraction (FF) and fat-affected hepatocyte ratio (FHR), extracted fat morphology by calculating radius and circularity of FDs, and examined FDs distribution and heterogeneity using nearest neighbor distance and regional isotropy. Results Regression analysis and Spearman correlation (ρ) yielded high correlations for radius (R2 = 0.86, ρ = 0.72), nearest neighbor distance (R2 = 0.82, ρ = -0.82), regional isotropy (R2 = 0.84, ρ = 0.74), and FHR (R2 = 0.90, ρ = 0.85), and low correlation for circularity (R2 = 0.48, ρ = -0.32) with FF and pathologist grades, respectively. FHR showed a better distinction between pathologist Fat CRN grades compared to conventional FF measurements, making it a potential surrogate measure for Fat CRN scores. Our results showed variation in distribution of morphological features and steatosis heterogeneity within the same patient's biopsy sample as well as between patients of similar FF. Conclusions The fat percentage measurements, specific morphological characteristics, and patterns of distribution quantified with the automated segmentation algorithm showed associations with steatosis severity; however, future studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of these steatosis features in progression of NAFLD and NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Esparza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Utsav Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David E. Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute to Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James M. Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Jason Vanatta
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health and Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanjaya Satapathy
- Liver Transplantation, North Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Ardekani A, Tabrizi R, Maleki E, Bagheri Lankarani K, Heydari ST, Moradinazar M, Akbari M. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on lipid profiles and liver enzymes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ardekani
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Valiasr Hospital Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
| | - Elham Maleki
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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Khandait H, Jaiswal V, Hanif M, Shrestha AB, Iturburu A, Shah M, Ishak A, Garimella V, Ang SP, Mathew M. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10030092. [PMID: 36975856 PMCID: PMC10059068 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of data and minimal literature on outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among liver cirrhosis patients. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical outcomes among liver cirrhosis patients post-PCI. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases for relevant studies. Effect sizes were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 3 studies met the inclusion criteria, providing data from 10,705,976 patients. A total of 28,100 patients were in the PCI + Cirrhosis group and 10,677,876 patients were in the PCI-only group. The mean age of patients with PCI + Cirrhosis and PCI alone was 63.45 and 64.35 years. The most common comorbidity was hypertension among the PCI + Cirrhosis group compared with PCI alone (68.15% vs. 73.6%). Cirrhosis patients post-PCI were had higher rates of in-hospital mortality (OR, 4.78 (95%CI: 3.39–6.75), p < 0.001), GI bleeding (OR, 1.91 (95%CI:1.83–1.99), p < 0.001, I2 = 0%), stroke (OR, 2.48 (95%CI:1.68–3.66), p < 0.001), AKI (OR, 3.66 (95%CI: 2.33–6.02), p < 0.001), and vascular complications (OR, 1.50 (95%CI: 1.13–1.98), p < 0.001) compared with the PCI group without cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis are at a high risk for mortality and adverse outcomes post-PCI procedure compared to the PCI-only group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikash Jaiswal
- Department of Research, JCCR Cardiology Research, Varanasi 221005, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | | | - Alisson Iturburu
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayas 090514, Ecuador
| | - Maitri Shah
- Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL 33143, USA
| | - Angela Ishak
- Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL 33143, USA
| | - Vamsi Garimella
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami (Holy Cross), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Song Peng Ang
- Division of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Health/Community Medical Center, Toms River, NJ 08755, USA
| | - Midhun Mathew
- Trinitas Regional Medical Center/RWJ Barnabas Health, Elizabeth, NJ 07202, USA
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9
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Peng H, Li J, Xu H, Wang X, He L, McCauley N, Zhang KK, Xie L. Offspring NAFLD liver phospholipid profiles are differentially programmed by maternal high-fat diet and maternal one carbon supplement. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109187. [PMID: 36270572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Little is known if and how maternal diet affects the liver phospholipid profiles that contribute to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development in offspring. We examined NAFLD phenotypes in male offspring mice of either maternal normal-fat diet (NF group), maternal high-fat diet (HF group), maternal methionine supplement (H1S group), or complete one-carbon supplement (H2S group) added to the maternal HF diet during gestation and lactation. HF offspring displayed worsened NAFLD phenotypes induced by post-weaning HF diet, however, maternal one-carbon supplement prevented such outcome. HF offspring also showed a distinct phospholipid profile from the offspring exposed to H1S or H2S diet. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) analysis further identified five pathways involved in phospholipid metabolism altered by different maternal diet interventions. Furthermore, differential methylated regions (DMRs) on Prkca, Dgkh, Plcb1 and Dgki were identified comparing between HF and NF offspring; most of these DMRs were recovered in H2S offspring. These methylation pattern changes were associated with gene expression changes: HF diet significantly reduced while H1S and H2S diet recovered their levels. Maternal HF diet disrupted offspring phospholipid profiles contributing to worsened hepatic steatosis. The maternal one-carbon supplement prevented such effects, probably through DNA methylation modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jiangyuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Huiting Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Leya He
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Naomi McCauley
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ke K Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
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Yığman M, Tangal S. Effects of body fat components on early renal functions of individuals following kidney donation. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL UROLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20514158221109411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Obesity stands as a risk factor for the chronic kidney disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between early renal function following kidney donation and the measurements of body fat components. Methods: In total, 86 donors followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively were included. Height and weight measurements and results of laboratory analysis of all donors were recorded retrospectively. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), hepatic fat (HF), pancreatic fat (PF) and splenic fat (SF) measurements were performed, and pancreatic splenic fat fraction difference (P−S) and pancreatic splenic fat fraction ratio (P/S) were calculated by a radiologist using the records of preoperative computed tomography scans of donors. Results: The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine and spot urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio values of the donors at the sixth month postoperatively were statistically different from those of the preoperative values ( p < 0.001). In addition, the individuals were divided into two categories based on the postoperative eGFR: ⩾ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Age, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level and VAT/SAT ratio were lower in group eGFR: ⩾ 60 ( p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p = 0.007, respectively). Age and VAT/SAT ratio were the parameters found to be affecting the eGFR significantly, and VAT/SAT ratio (0.729, 95% CI: 0.602–0.856, p = 0.007) had higher predictive value in receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Conclusion: Preoperative measurements of body fat components may provide significant information to predict postoperative renal functions of kidney donor candidates. Level of evidence: Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yığman
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Ridvan Ege Hospital, Ufuk University, Turkey
| | - Semih Tangal
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Ridvan Ege Hospital, Ufuk University, Turkey
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11
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Jamil OK, Sandikçi B, Faust N, Cotter TG, Paul S, di Sabato D, Fung J, Charlton M. Relatively Poor Long-term Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation for NASH in the United States. Transplantation 2022; 106:2006-2018. [PMID: 35765128 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) continues to increase in frequency as an indication for liver transplantation (LT). Data on long-term outcomes for these patients are limited. We aimed to compare long-term patient and graft survival in patients undergoing LT for NASH in the United States to other indications. METHODS We analyzed data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients of adult patients who underwent primary deceased-donor LT from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2019. RESULTS NASH has increased as an indication for LT by 4.5-fold, from 5.2% in 2005 to 23.4% in 2019. Patient (61.2%) and graft survival (59.2%) at 10 y are significantly poorer for NASH than for all other indications other than alcohol. Patients transplanted for NASH have higher body mass index (32.2 versus 27.6) and greater frequency of diabetes (13% versus 11.6%) than any other indication (P < 0.001). Portal vein thrombosis, location in intensive care unit, dialysis, and pre-LT diabetes (P < 0.001 for all) are independently predictive of patient death and graft loss. Body mass index is not predictive. NASH patients undergoing simultaneous liver kidney have markedly worse 10-y patient and graft survival than liver-only (52.3% versus 62.1%). Graft loss was attributed to recurrence of NASH in <1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS LT for NASH is associated with relatively poor long-term patient and graft survival when compared with patients transplanted for other indications, NASH patients undergoing simultaneous liver kidney have the worst long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar K Jamil
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Burhaneddin Sandikçi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nolan Faust
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas G Cotter
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Sonali Paul
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Diego di Sabato
- Section of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - John Fung
- Section of Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael Charlton
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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12
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Kim Y, Hwang J, Bae SH, Hong SS, Chang YW, Kim HJ, Kim SH, Jin SY. Clinical Feasibility of Shear Wave Dispersion Slope for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients With Morbid Obesity: Preliminary Results Using US Shear Wave Elastography. Ultrasound Q 2022; 38:149-154. [PMID: 35250014 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We aimed to investigate the clinical feasibility of shear wave dispersion slope for assessing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with morbid obesity before bariatric surgery.This prospective study collected data from 25 participants who received liver biopsy during bariatric surgery between February 2019 and December 2020. All participants underwent ultrasonography shear wave elastography before surgery and shear wave speed and shear wave dispersion slope were measured. Liver specimens were evaluated by 1 pathologist scored histologically for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Ultrasonography measurements were compared according to histopathologic findings. Diagnostic performance in differentiating NASH from NAFLD was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Median shear wave speed (1.48 vs 1.62 m/s, P = 0.014) and dispersion slope (8.40 vs 11.80 [m/s]/kHz, P = 0.004) were higher in NASH group than in NAFLD group. Shear wave dispersion slope tended to increase step by step as the severity of activity grade (P = 0.032) and hepatic fibrosis (P = 0.015) increased. The AUC of shear wave dispersion slope for differentiating NASH from NAFLD (AUC, 0.83; 95% confidence intervals, 0.66-1.00) was higher than that of shear wave speed (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60-0.97), although it did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.729). Shear wave dispersion slope could be a feasible tool for assessing NASH in patients with morbid obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsoo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Jiyoung Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Sung Hwan Bae
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Seong Sook Hong
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Yun-Woo Chang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital
| | - So-Young Jin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Portrait of Regional Trends in Liver Transplantation for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:433-444. [PMID: 35083985 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most common etiologies of liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. We investigated regional trends in waitlist candidates, LT rates, and recipient survival among patients with NASH. METHODS Using the United Network for Organ Sharing database by Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network regions, we investigated waitlist registration, LT rates, and survival for NASH between January 2004 and December 2019. RESULTS The absolute number and percentage of total LT performed for NASH increased substantially in all Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network regions. In 2019, region 11 had the highest percentage of NASH-related LT with 31.4% followed by region 10 (25.3%) and region 8 (23.1%). Between 2015 and 2019, region 5 had the highest rising percentage in LT for NASH at 208%, followed by region 1 (194%) and region 4 (183%). The proportion of NASH hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC) was the highest in region 9 at 37.7% and lowest in region 10 (19.2%), region 3 (20.6%), and region 11 (20.8%). In multivariate analysis, diabetes (HR 1.18, P < 0.001), dialysis before LT (hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, P < 0.001), HCC (HR 1.19, P < 0.00), portal vein thrombosis (HR 1.24, P < 0.001), donor age (HR 1.026, P = 0.03), and recipient age (HR 1.24, P = <0.001) were associated with worse survival. DISCUSSION LT for patients with NASH has dramatically increased across all regions since 2004, but with substantial heterogeneity among regions in the proportion with HCC and post-LT survival. Identifying contributing factors to these regional differences is warranted.
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14
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Uematsu S, Ohno S, Tanaka KY, Hatano A, Kokaji T, Ito Y, Kubota H, Hironaka KI, Suzuki Y, Matsumoto M, Nakayama KI, Hirayama A, Soga T, Kuroda S. Multi-omics-based label-free metabolic flux inference reveals obesity-associated dysregulatory mechanisms in liver glucose metabolism. iScience 2022; 25:103787. [PMID: 35243212 PMCID: PMC8859528 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is maintained by modulation of metabolic flux. Enzymes and metabolites regulate the involved metabolic pathways. Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis is a pathological event in obesity. Analyzing metabolic pathways and the mechanisms contributing to obesity-associated dysregulation in vivo is challenging. Here, we introduce OMELET: Omics-Based Metabolic Flux Estimation without Labeling for Extended Trans-omic Analysis. OMELET uses metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic data to identify relative changes in metabolic flux, and to calculate contributions of metabolites, enzymes, and transcripts to the changes in metabolic flux. By evaluating the livers of fasting ob/ob mice, we found that increased metabolic flux through gluconeogenesis resulted primarily from increased transcripts, whereas that through the pyruvate cycle resulted from both increased transcripts and changes in substrates of metabolic enzymes. With OMELET, we identified mechanisms underlying the obesity-associated dysregulation of metabolic flux in the liver. We developed OMELET to infer metabolic flux from label-free multi-omic data Contributions of metabolites, enzymes, and transcripts for flux were inferred Gluconeogenic flux increased in fasting ob/ob mice by increased transcripts Increased pyruvate cycle fluxes were led by increased transcripts and substrates
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Uematsu
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohno
- Molecular Genetic Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kaori Y Tanaka
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hatano
- Department of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 757 Ichibancho, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.,Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kubota
- Division of Integrated Omics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hironaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsumoto
- Department of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 757 Ichibancho, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.,Molecular Genetic Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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15
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Tian S, Wang Y, Li X, Liu J, Wang J, Lu Y. Sulforaphane Regulates Glucose and Lipid Metabolisms in Obese Mice by Restraining JNK and Activating Insulin and FGF21 Signal Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13066-13079. [PMID: 34706542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The most common complications of obesity are metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperglycemia, and low-grade inflammation. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a hydrolysate of glucosinolate (GLS) that is found in large quantities in cruciferous vegetables. The objective of this research was to evaluate the mechanism by which SFN relieves obesity complications in obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet to induce obesity and treated daily with 10 mg/(kg body weight (bw)) SFN for 8 weeks, while a positive control group was treated daily with 300 mg/(kg bw) metformin. Our results indicated that SFN attenuated NAFLD, inflammation, oxidative stress, adipose tissue hypertrophy, and insulin resistance, as well as regulated glucose and lipid metabolism. SFN regulated glucose and lipid metabolism by deactivating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and blocking the inhibitory effect of the insulin signaling pathway. SFN also regulated glucose metabolism by alleviating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) resistance. Our research provides an empirical basis for clinical treatment with SFN in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Xiangfei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210003, China
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16
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Lee ME, Ali H, Staggers KA, Harpavat M, Natarajan Y. What's in Your Drink? Poster Educates Families About Sugar Content and Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:851-857. [PMID: 34366233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.04.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Drinking sugar-sweetened beverages is a risk factor for developing childhood obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated the impact of an educational poster in pediatric offices on family's knowledge of sugar content in beverages and assessed awareness of NAFLD. DESIGN Preclinic visit surveys asked patients' caregivers about the sugar content in beverages and awareness of NAFLD. Postclinic visit surveys assessed improvement in knowledge of sugar content and willingness to change dietary habits. SETTING Outpatient visits in a single center in Houston between September and November 2019. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and forty-nine caregivers were surveyed, and patients' median age was 5.5 years (range, 0-18 years) with 57% males. INTERVENTION Educational posters displayed the sugar content of common beverages in each clinic room. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes measured included pre-post clinic visit change and predictors of change in (1) knowledge of sugar content in beverages and (2) intent to change beverage consumption. Baseline awareness of NAFLD and associated predictors were also assessed. ANALYSIS Logistic regression identified factors associated with an intended change in beverage consumption, change in survey score, and NAFLD awareness. RESULTS Increased knowledge of sugar content with median scores of 25% preclinic to 50% postclinic (P < 0.001). Eighty-eight percent of caregivers were very/moderately likely to provide their children fewer sugar-sweetened beverages. Sixty percent of caregivers were aware of NAFLD, but only 32.8% were concerned. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Posters in clinics increased awareness of the sugar content in beverages, and most caregivers reported intent to decrease children's sugary beverage consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Lee
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Hiba Ali
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kristen A Staggers
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Maya Harpavat
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Yamini Natarajan
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX; Clinical Epidemiology and Comparative Effectiveness Program, Section of Health Services Research (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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17
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Koulaouzidis G, Charisopoulou D, Kukla M, Marlicz W, Rydzewska G, Koulaouzidis A, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with coronary artery calcification progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PRZEGLAD GASTROENTEROLOGICZNY 2021; 16:196-206. [PMID: 34584580 PMCID: PMC8456760 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2021.109063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, which is estimated to affect 20-30% of the adult population in Europe. Several studies have shown an association of NAFLD with multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance. Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease, which begins early in life and follows a long asymptomatic phase. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is the radiological confirmation of the presence of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. The predictive value of CAC for future cardiac events is well established. Also, the progression of CAC is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular events. AIM To assess the association of NAFLD with the progression of subclinical atherosclerotic activity, reflected as the dynamic changes in CAC score over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS The databases PubMed/Medline/Embase from inception until 31 December 2020 were searched for observational studies investigating NAFLD and CAC progression in adults. RESULTS In total, 5 studies were included, 4 of which, including 10,060 patients, provided data regarding the association of NAFLD with the progression of CAC. The analysis showed that NAFLD is associated with significant odds of progression of CAC; OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.34-1.68, p = 0.001. No publication bias was detected (Egger's test p = 0.6). Meta-regression analyses proved that OR toward CAC progression is not significantly influenced by the time of follow-up (coefficient = 0.0083, Z = 1.14, p = 0.25). CONCLUSIONS NAFLD increases the risk toward CAC progression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Koulaouzidis
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dafni Charisopoulou
- Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Centre for Congenital Heart Disease, Netherlands
| | - Michał Kukla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Endoscopy, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Marlicz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Endoklinika, The Centre for Digestive Diseases, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grażyna Rydzewska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Inferior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Anastasios Koulaouzidis
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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18
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Liu Y, Zang X, Feng K, Liu S, Zhang J, Lv Z, Xin Y, Yu M. Lipidomic Determination of Serum Lipids by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) for the Characterization of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1970760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YuWei Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoling Zang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Feng
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shousheng Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongning Xin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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19
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Wang X, Liu D, Wang Z, Cai C, Jiang H, Yu G. Porphyran-derived oligosaccharides alleviate NAFLD and related cecal microbiota dysbiosis in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21458. [PMID: 33948987 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000763rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Porphyran and its derivatives possess a variety of biological activities, such as ameliorations of oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperlipemia, and immune deficiencies. In this study, we evaluated the potential efficacy of porphyran-derived oligosaccharides from Porphyra yezoensis (PYOs) in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and preliminarily clarified the underlying mechanism. NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet for six months in C57BL/6J mice, followed by treatment with PYOs (100 or 300 mg/kg/d) for another six weeks. We found that PYOs reduced hepatic oxidative stress in mice with NAFLD, which plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. In addition, PYOs could markedly decrease lipid accumulation in liver by activating the IRS-1/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway and the AMPK signaling pathway in mice with NAFLD. PYOs also apparently relieved the hepatic fibrosis induced by oxidative stress via downregulation of TGF-β and its related proteins, so that liver injury was markedly alleviated. Furthermore, PYOs treatment relieved cecal microbiota dysbiosis (such as increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia, while decreasing the Helicobacter abundance), which could alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism, and protect the liver to a certain degree. In summary, PYOs treatment remarkably improved NAFLD via a specific molecular mechanism and reshaped the cecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
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20
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Peng H, Xu H, Wu J, Li J, Zhou Y, Ding Z, Siwko SK, Yuan X, Schalinske KL, Alpini G, Zhang KK, Xie L. Maternal high-fat diet disrupted one-carbon metabolism in offspring, contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2021; 41:1305-1319. [PMID: 33529448 PMCID: PMC8137550 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pregnant women may transmit their metabolic phenotypes to their offspring, enhancing the risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Prior to pregnancy female mice were fed either a maternal normal-fat diet (NF-group, "no effectors"), or a maternal high-fat diet (HF-group, "persistent effectors"), or were transitioned from a HF to a NF diet before pregnancy (H9N-group, "effectors removal"), followed by pregnancy and lactation, and then offspring were fed high-fat diets after weaning. Offspring livers were analysed by functional studies, as well as next-generation sequencing for gene expression profiles and DNA methylation changes. RESULTS The HF, but not the H9N offspring, displayed glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. The HF offspring also displayed a disruption of lipid homeostasis associated with an altered methionine cycle and abnormal one-carbon metabolism that caused DNA hypermethylation and L-carnitine depletion associated with deactivated AMPK signalling and decreased expression of PPAR-α and genes for fatty acid oxidation. These changes were not present in H9N offspring. In addition, we identified maternal HF diet-induced genes involved in one-carbon metabolism that were associated with DNA methylation modifications in HF offspring. Importantly, the DNA methylation modifications and their associated gene expression changes were reversed in H9N offspring livers. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate for the first time that maternal HF diet disrupted the methionine cycle and one-carbon metabolism in offspring livers which further altered lipid homeostasis. CpG islands of specific genes involved in one-carbon metabolism modified by different maternal diets were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huiting Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota,Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - Jiangyuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zehuan Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Stefan K. Siwko
- Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kevin L. Schalinske
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Ke K. Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX,Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota,Co-corresponding author: These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,Co-corresponding author: These authors contributed equally to this work
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21
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Zhang Z, Chen X, Cui B. Modulation of the fecal microbiome and metabolome by resistant dextrin ameliorates hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:4504-4518. [PMID: 33885128 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00249j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the gut-liver axis by manipulating the intestinal microbiome is a promising therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study modulated the intestinal microbiota to explore whether resistant dextrin, as a potential prebiotic, could ameliorate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6J mice. After two months of feeding, significant hepatic steatosis with mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in the HFD-fed mice. However, the concentrations of triglycerides and malondialdehyde in liver tissue and the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum of mice fed an HFD plus resistant dextrin diet (HFID) were significantly decreased compared to the HFD-fed mice. Additionally, hepatic mitochondrial integrity and reactive oxygen species accumulation were improved in HFID-fed mice, ameliorating hepatic steatosis. The fecal microbiome of HFD-fed mice was enriched in Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Globicatella, while resistant dextrin increased the abundance of Parabacteroides, Blautia, and Dubosiella. Major changes in fecal metabolites were confirmed for HFID-fed mice, including those related to entero-hepatic circulation (i.e., bile acids), tryptophan metabolism (e.g., indole derivatives), and lipid metabolism (e.g., lipoic acid), as well as increased antioxidants including isorhapontigenin. Furthermore, resistant dextrin decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and intestinal permeability and ameliorated intestinal damage. Together, these findings augmented current knowledge on prebiotic treatment for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
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22
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Kaur N, Emamaullee J, Lian T, Lo M, Ender P, Kahn J, Sher L. Impact of Morbid Obesity on Liver Transplant Candidacy and Outcomes: National and Regional Trends. Transplantation 2021; 105:1052-1060. [PMID: 33741845 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) limits for liver transplant (LT) candidacy are controversial. In this study, we evaluate waitlist and post-LT outcomes, and prognostic factors and examine regional patterns of LT waitlist registration in patients with BMI ≥40 versus BMI 18-39. METHODS United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) data were analyzed to assess waitlist dropout, post-LT survival, and prognostic factors for patient survival. The distribution of waitlisted patients with BMI ≥40 was compared with the Centers for Disease Control Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System data to explore the rates of morbid obesity in the general population of each UNOS region. RESULTS Post-LT outcomes demonstrate a small but significantly lower 1- and 3-y overall survival for patients with BMI ≥45. Risk factors for post-LT mortality for patients with BMI ≥40 included age >60 y, prior surgery, and diabetes on multivariable analysis. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease >30 was significant on univariable analysis only, likely due to the limited number of patients with BMI ≥40; however, median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores in this BMI group were higher than those in patients with lower BMI across all UNOS regions. Patients with BMI ≥40 had a higher waitlist dropout in 4 regions. Comparison with BRFSS data illustrated that the proportion of waitlisted patients with BMI ≥40 was significantly lower than the observed rates of morbid obesity in the general population in 3 regions. CONCLUSIONS While BMI ≥45 is associated with modestly lower patient survival, careful selection may equalize these numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navpreet Kaur
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Juliet Emamaullee
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tiffany Lian
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mary Lo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Philip Ender
- Statistical Consulting Group, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeffrey Kahn
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Linda Sher
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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23
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Sang C, Yan H, Chan WK, Zhu X, Sun T, Chang X, Xia M, Sun X, Hu X, Gao X, Jia W, Bian H, Chen T, Xie G. Diagnosis of Fibrosis Using Blood Markers and Logistic Regression in Southeast Asian Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:637652. [PMID: 33708783 PMCID: PMC7940822 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.637652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the main causes of fibrosis. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for the confirmation of fibrosis in NAFLD patients. Effective and non-invasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis is essential to disease surveillance and treatment decisions. Herein we used routine medical test markers and logistic regression to differentiate early and advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients from China, Malaysia, and India (n 1 = 540, n 2 = 147, and n 3 = 97) who were confirmed by liver biopsy. Nine parameters, including age, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, presence of diabetes or impaired fasting glycemia, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, triglyceride, and aspartate transaminase/platelet count ratio, were selected by stepwise logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and hypothesis testing and were used for model construction. The area under the ROC curve (auROC) of the model was 0.82 for differentiating early and advanced fibrosis (sensitivity = 0.69, when specificity = 0.80) in the discovery set. Its diagnostic ability remained good in the two independent validation sets (auROC = 0.89 and 0.71) and was consistently superior to existing panels such as the FIB-4 and NAFLD fibrosis score. A web-based tool, LiveFbr, was developed for fast access to our model. The new model may serve as an attractive tool for fibrosis classification in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wah Kheong Chan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxia Chang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiqi Hu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Hong Kong Traditional Chinese Medicine Phenome Research Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Bian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- Human Metabolomics Institute, Inc., Shenzhen, China
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24
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Kim M, Rho Y, Park R, Jung J, Hwang GS, Seo YK, Seo JH, Heo Y, Ha TK, Ha E. Duodenal-jejunal bypass maintains hepatic S-adenosylmethionine/S-homocysteine ratio in diet-induced obese rats. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1359-1368. [PMID: 33753007 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery altered transsulfuration and purine metabolism via flux changes in 1-carbon metabolism in the liver. In this study, we extended our study to gain further insight into mechanistic details of how the DJB-induced flux changes in 1-carbon metabolism contributes to the improvement of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Rodents were subjected to surgical (sham operation and DJB) or dietary (reduced food supply to follow the weight changes in the DJB group) interventions. The microscopic features of the liver were examined by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of genes in lipid synthesis and in 1-carbon cycle in the liver were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Metabolic changes in the liver were determined. We observed that DJB reduces hepatic steatosis and improves insulin sensitivity in both high-fat diet-fed rats and mice. Metabolic analyses revealed that the possible underlying mechanism may involve decreased S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-to-S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio via downregulation of SAM synthesizing enzyme and upregulation of SAM catabolizing enzyme. We also found in mice that DJB-mediated attenuation of hepatic steatosis is independent of weight loss. DJB also increased hepatic expression levels of GNMT while decreasing those of PEMT and BHMT, a change in 1-carbon metabolism that may decrease the ratio of SAM to S-adenosylhomocysteine, thereby resulting in the prevention of fat accumulation in the liver. Thus, we suggest that the change in 1-carbon metabolism, especially the SAM metabolism, may contribute to the improvement of diet-induced fatty liver disease after DJB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmee Rho
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhoeun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Seoul Western Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic Korea
| | - Youn Kyoung Seo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Heo
- Department of Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Ha
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Tian S, Li X, Wang Y, Lu Y. The protective effect of sulforaphane on type II diabetes induced by high-fat diet and low-dosage streptozotocin. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:747-756. [PMID: 33598160 PMCID: PMC7866575 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) which is abundant in broccoli florets, seeds, and sprouts has been reported to have beneficial effects on attenuating metabolic diseases, such as antiobesity, antidiabetes, and antioxidative activities. However, the effects of SFN on the regulation of type II diabetes through easing nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and repairing pancreas tissue are rarely reported. In this study, we found that the administration with different dosages of SFN was able to increase serum insulin level, enhance HOMA-β index, decrease fasting blood glucose and serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), fibroblast growth factor21 (FGF21) levels, ease NAFLD level, and repair the pancreas tissue. In addition, SFN was able to increase liver antioxidant capacities. In particular, high (10 mg/kg) dosage of SFN exerted a significant beneficial effect for decreasing serum lipopolysaccharide levels. Furthermore, the administration of SFN could also decrease the relative abundance of Allobaculum at the genus level. Low dosage (2 mg/kg) of SFN could increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes at the phylum level. Overall, our results showed that SFN exerted its antidiabetic effect through easing NAFLD and repairing pancreas tissue in association with modulation of gut microbiota. The ease of NAFLD by SFN was accompanied by enhancing liver antioxidant abilities and improving FGF21 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Tian
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Xiangfei Li
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Yunfan Wang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
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26
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Basavarajappa L, Baek J, Reddy S, Song J, Tai H, Rijal G, Parker KJ, Hoyt K. Multiparametric ultrasound imaging for the assessment of normal versus steatotic livers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2655. [PMID: 33514796 PMCID: PMC7846566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is increasing in prevalence across the globe. We present here a multiparametric ultrasound (mpUS) imaging approach for assessing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD). This study was performed using rats (N = 21) that were fed either a control or methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet. A mpUS imaging approach that includes H-scan ultrasound (US), shear wave elastography, and contrast-enhanced US measurements were then performed at 0 (baseline), 2, and 6 weeks. Thereafter, animals were euthanized and livers excised for histological processing. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to find a decision plane that classifies normal and fatty liver conditions. In vivo mpUS results from control and MCD diet fed animals reveal that all mpUS measures were different at week 6 (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the H-scan US data contributed the highest percentage to the classification among the mpUS measurements. The SVM resulted in 100% accuracy for classification of normal and high fat livers and 92% accuracy for classification of normal, low fat, and high fat livers. Histology findings found considerable steatosis in the MCD diet fed animals. This study suggests that mpUS examinations have the potential to provide a comprehensive estimation of the main components of early stage NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Basavarajappa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 13.929, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jihye Baek
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shreya Reddy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 13.929, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jane Song
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 13.929, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Haowei Tai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Girdhari Rijal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Tarleton State University, Forth Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kevin J Parker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Hoyt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 13.929, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA. .,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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27
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Ismaiel A, Leucuta DC, Popa SL, Fagoonee S, Pellicano R, Abenavoli L, Dumitrascu DL. Non-invasive biomarkers in predicting non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and assessing liver fibrosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Panminerva Med 2020; 63:508-518. [PMID: 33165307 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.20.04171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by hepatic steatosis with inflammation, ballooned hepatocytes, and possible fibrosis, which may progress to liver cirrhosis. Although liver biopsy, remains the diagnostic gold standard of NASH, several noninvasive biomarkers have been studied, to avoid the need for this invasive procedure. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of several noninvasive biomarkers in predicting NASH and assessing liver fibrosis in NASH patients. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION An electronic search on PubMed and EMBASE was systematically performed. The principal summary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC), assessing the accuracy of NashTest, BARD (body mass index, AST/ALT ratio, diabetes) score, NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), APRI (aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index in predicting NASH and assessing liver fibrosis. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Thirteen studies involving 6,557 adult patients were included in the qualitative assessment of this review, out of which, six studies were included in the quantitative assessment. Prediction of NASH was evaluated better using NFS (AUC of 0.687) and FIB-4 (AUC of 0.729). Fibrosis stages 0 vs. 1-4 was diagnosed better using NFS (AUC of 0.718) and FIB-4 (AUC of 0.723). Advanced fibrosis was assessed better by BARD (AUC of 0.673), APRI (AUC of 0.762), NFS (AUC of 0.787) and FIB-4 (AUC of 0.821). CONCLUSIONS FIB-4 predicted NASH and quantified liver fibrosis, stages 0 vs. 1-4 more precisely compared to NFS, APRI, and BARD. However, considering that methodological quality of the assessed studies is limited, the results should be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania -
| | - Stefan-Lucian Popa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute for Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dan L Dumitrascu
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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28
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Gitto S, Falcini M, Marra F. Metabolic Disorders After Liver Transplantation. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:65-69. [PMID: 33104408 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early after surgery, liver transplant (LT) recipients often develop weight gain due to an increase of caloric intake and fat mass (without recovery of muscle frame). This modification of body composition together with a negative metabolic impact of immunosuppressive drugs leads to a high prevalence of all the main metabolic disorders. Indeed, as expected, transplanted patients show a higher cardiovascular risk in comparison with general population. Notably, seeing the increase of mean age of transplanted population, metabolic disorders represent the true challenge for the transplant community. Considering the lack of evidences or clear indications about prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disorders after LT, it would be mandatory to develop targeted further studies on this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gitto
- Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Margherita Falcini
- Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Marra
- Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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29
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Yao CC, Tong YX, Jiang H, Yang DR, Zhang XJ, Zhang P, Su L, Zhao YY, Chen ZW. Native polypeptide vglycin prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by activating the AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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30
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Castelló B, Aguilera V, Blázquez MT, Rubín Á, García M, Vinaixa C, Benlloch S, SanJuan F, Montalva E, López R, Berenguer M. Post-transplantation outcome in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis: Comparison with alcoholic cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol 2020; 18:855-861. [PMID: 31543468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) indication of liver transplant (LT) has increased recently, whereas alcoholic cirrhosis remains a major indication for LT. To characterize NASH-related cases and to compare the post-transplant outcome of these two conditions represents our major objective. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients undergoing LT for NASH between 1997 and 2016 were retrieved. Those transplanted between 1997 and 2006 were compared to an "age and LT date" matched group of patients transplanted for alcoholic cirrhosis (ratio 1:2). Baseline features and medium-term outcome measures were compared. RESULTS Of 1986 LT performed between 1997 and 2016, 40 (2%) were labeled as NASH-related indications. NASH-related cases increased initially (from 0.8% in 1997-2001 to 2.7% in 2002-2006) but remained stable in subsequent years (2.3%). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prevalence was greater in NASH-vs alcohol-related cirrhosis (40% vs 3%, p=0.001). The incidence of overweight, obesity, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, renal insufficiency and cardiovascular (CV) disease was similar in both groups at 5 years post-LT. Five-year survival was higher in NASH but without reaching statistical significance (83% vs 72%, p=0.21). The main cause of mortality in NASH-LT patients was HCC recurrence. CONCLUSION Most previously considered cryptogenic cases are actually NASH-cirrhosis. While the incidence of this indication is increasing in many countries, it has remained relatively stable in our Unit, the largest LT center in Spain. HCC is common in these patients and represents a main cause of post-transplant mortality. Metabolic complications, CV-related disease and 5-yr survival do not differ in patients transplanted for NASH vs alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Castelló
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victoria Aguilera
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Teresa Blázquez
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Rubín
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María García
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Vinaixa
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Benlloch
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando SanJuan
- Liver Transplantation Surgical Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Montalva
- Liver Transplantation Surgical Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael López
- Liver Transplantation Surgical Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Berenguer
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain; Networked Biomedical Research Center oh Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBERehd, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Maternal diet intervention before pregnancy primes offspring lipid metabolism in liver. J Transl Med 2020; 100:553-569. [PMID: 31748681 PMCID: PMC7102928 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a developmental origin and is influenced in utero. We aimed to evaluate if maternal diet intervention before pregnancy would be beneficial to reduce the risk of offspring NAFLD. In our study, female mice were either on a normal-fat diet (NF group), or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and continued on this diet throughout pregnancy and lactation (HF group), or switched from HF-to-NF diet 1 week (H1N group), or 9 weeks (H9N group) before pregnancy. Compared with the NF offspring, the H1N and HF, but not the H9N offspring, displayed more severe hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. More specifically, an abnormal blood lipid panel was seen in the H1N offspring and abnormal hepatic free fatty acid composition was present in both the HF and H1N offspring, while the H9N offspring displayed both at normal levels. These physiological changes were associated with desensitized hepatic insulin/AKT signaling, increased expression of genes and proteins for de novo lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis, decreased expression of genes and proteins for fatty acid oxidation, increased Pcsk9 expression, and hypoactivation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in the HF and H1N offspring. However, these effects were completely or partially rescued in the H9N offspring. In summary, we found that early maternal diet intervention is effective in reducing the risk of offspring NAFLD caused by maternal HF diet. These findings provide significant support to develop effective diet intervention strategies and policies for prevention of obesity and NAFLD to promote optimal health outcomes for mothers and children.
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Chen X, Zhang Z, Cui B, Jiang A, Tao H, Cheng S, Liu Y. Combination of Chronic Alcohol Consumption and High-Salt Intake Elicits Gut Microbial Alterations and Liver Steatosis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1750-1759. [PMID: 31971384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol is a globally well-established cause of fatty liver disease (FLD). Increased salt consumption is associated with an increased prevalence of adipocyte hypertrophy and liver injury. In this study, high dietary salt potentiated chronic alcohol-induced hepatic damage. We explored the physiological mechanism of alcoholic FLD in the gastrointestinal tract. Male C57BL/6J mice (8-week-old) were fed a high-salt diet (HSD; 4% NaCl) with or without chronic ethanol (CE) for 1 month. The fecal microbiota, serum biochemical indices, intestinal permeability, level of liver damage, and liver mitochondria were evaluated. The HSD, CE, and their combination (HSDE) significantly changed the gut microbiota's structure, and the HSDE mice contained more probiotic species (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). The serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were increased, and the lipid was accumulated in the liver tissues in the CE, HSD, and HSDE groups, which indicated liver damage, especially in the HSDE group. The increased intestinal permeability and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver cells caused greater injury in the HSDE group than in the other groups. Thus, consuming HSD with alcohol contributes to FLD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- College of Food Science , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking , Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences , Jinan 250000 , China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking , Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences , Jinan 250000 , China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- College of Food Science , South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , China
| | - Haiteng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking , Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences , Jinan 250000 , China
| | | | - Yong Liu
- Yucheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Dezhou 251200 , China
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Chen M, Guo WL, Li QY, Xu JX, Cao YJ, Liu B, Yu XD, Rao PF, Ni L, Lv XC. The protective mechanism ofLactobacillus plantarumFZU3013 against non-alcoholic fatty liver associated with hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2020; 11:3316-3331. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo03003d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarumFZU3013, isolated from the traditional brewing process ofHongqurice wine, has beneficial effects on improving lipid metabolism disorders.
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34
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Blencowe M, Karunanayake T, Wier J, Hsu N, Yang X. Network Modeling Approaches and Applications to Unravelling Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E966. [PMID: 31771247 PMCID: PMC6947017 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive condition of the liver encompassing a range of pathologies including steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Research into this disease is imperative due to its rapid growth in prevalence, economic burden, and current lack of FDA approved therapies. NAFLD involves a highly complex etiology that calls for multi-tissue multi-omics network approaches to uncover the pathogenic genes and processes, diagnostic biomarkers, and potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we first present a basic overview of disease pathogenesis, risk factors, and remaining knowledge gaps, followed by discussions of the need and concepts of multi-tissue multi-omics approaches, various network methodologies and application examples in NAFLD research. We highlight the findings that have been uncovered thus far including novel biomarkers, genes, and biological pathways involved in different stages of NAFLD, molecular connections between NAFLD and its comorbidities, mechanisms underpinning sex differences, and druggable targets. Lastly, we outline the future directions of implementing network approaches to further improve our understanding of NAFLD in order to guide diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tilan Karunanayake
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Julian Wier
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.B.); (T.K.); (J.W.); (N.H.)
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Chen YC, Chen HJ, Huang BM, Chen YC, Chang CF. Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Toona sinensis Bark and Fruit Ameliorate Free Fatty Acid-Induced Lipogenesis through AMPK and LC3 Pathways. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1664. [PMID: 31614650 PMCID: PMC6832244 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease found worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms of inhibiting lipid accumulation in free fatty acid (FFA)-treated HepG2 cells caused by bark and fruit extracts of Toona sinensis (TSB and TSF). FFA induced lipid and triglyceride (TG) accumulation, which was attenuated by TSB and TSF. TSB and/or TSF promoted phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-coA carboxylase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha upregulation. Furthermore, TSB and TSF suppressed FFA-induced liver X receptor, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein 1, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 protein expression. Moreover, TSB and/or TSF induced phosphorylation of Unc-51 like autophagy-activating kinase and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 expressions. Therefore, TSB and TSF relieve lipid accumulation by attenuating lipogenic protein expression, activating the AMPK pathway, and upregulating the autophagic flux to enhance lipid metabolism. Moreover, TSB and TSF reduced TG contents, implying the therapeutic use of TSB and TSF in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chia Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Fen Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40401, Taiwan.
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Yin Z, Murphy MC, Li J, Glaser KJ, Mauer AS, Mounajjed T, Therneau TM, Liu H, Malhi H, Manduca A, Ehman RL, Yin M. Prediction of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) with multiparametric hepatic magnetic resonance imaging and elastography. Eur Radiol 2019; 29:5823-5831. [PMID: 30887196 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the use of MR elastography (MRE)-derived mechanical properties (shear stiffness (|G*|) and loss modulus (G″)) and MRI-derived fat fraction (FF) to predict the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) in a NAFLD mouse model. METHODS Eighty-nine male mice were studied, including 64 training and 25 independent testing animals. An MRI/MRE exam and histologic evaluation were performed. Pairwise, nonparametric comparisons and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between the three imaging parameters (FF, |G*|, and G″) and histologic features. A virtual NAS score (vNAS) was generated by combining three imaging parameters with an ordinal logistic model (OLM) and a generalized linear model (GLM). The prediction accuracy was evaluated by ROC analyses. RESULTS The combination of FF, |G*|, and G″ predicted NAS > 1 with excellent accuracy in both training and testing sets (AUROC > 0.84). OLM and GLM predictive models misclassified 3/54 and 6/54 mice in the training, and 1/25 and 1/25 in the testing cohort respectively, in distinguishing between "not-NASH" and "definite-NASH." "Borderline-NASH" prediction was poorer in the training set, and no borderline-NASH mice were available in the testing set. CONCLUSION This preliminary study shows that multiparametric MRI/MRE can be used to accurately predict the NAS score in a NAFLD animal model, representing a promising alternative to liver biopsy for assessing NASH severity and treatment response. KEY POINTS • MRE-derived liver stiffness and loss modulus and MRI-assessed fat fraction can be used to predict NAFLD activity score (NAS) in our preclinical mouse model (AUROC > 0.84 for all NAS levels greater than 1). • The overall agreement between the histological-determined NASH diagnosis and the imaging-predicted NASH diagnosis is 80-92%. • The multiparametric hepatic MRI/MRE has great potential for noninvasively assessing liver disease severity and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yin
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Matthew C Murphy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kevin J Glaser
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Amy S Mauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Terry M Therneau
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heshan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Armando Manduca
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard L Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Meng Yin
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Gao J, Song J, Du M, Mao X. Bovine α-lactalbumin hydrolysates (α-LAH) attenuate high-fat diet induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism in C57BL/6J mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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38
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Akkaya HE, Erden A, Kuru Öz D, Ünal S, Erden İ. Magnetic resonance elastography: basic principles, technique, and clinical applications in the liver. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:328-335. [PMID: 30272563 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2018.18186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a constantly advancing technique for assessment of stiffness of tissues with newer technology and sequences. It is being increasingly used for the assessment of liver fibrosis. In this article, we discuss the advantages of MRE over biopsy and noninvasive methods such as US elastography in the assessment of liver fibrosis. Image acquisition and interpretation of liver MRE is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayşe Erden
- Department of Radiology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Diğdem Kuru Öz
- Department of Radiology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sena Ünal
- Department of Radiology, Erzurum Local Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İlhan Erden
- Department of Radiology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Sex-associated preventive effects of low-dose aspirin on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mouse offspring with over-nutrition in utero. J Transl Med 2019; 99:244-259. [PMID: 30413815 PMCID: PMC6354253 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspirin has been found to diminish hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in both obese rodents and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to test whether low-dose aspirin can prevent obesity and the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-risk subjects. We used offspring mice with maternal over-nutrition as a high-risk model of obesity and NAFLD. The offspring were given postnatal HF-diet and diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to induce obesity and NAFLD, and were treated with or without a low dose of aspirin for 12 weeks (ASP or CTL groups). Aspirin treatment reduced body weight gain, reversed glucose intolerance, and depressed hepatic lipid accumulation in female, but not in male mice. Female mice displayed re-sensitized insulin/Akt signaling and overactivated AMPK signaling, with enhanced level of hepatic PPAR-γ, Glut4, and Glut2, while male mice only enhanced hepatic PPAR-α and PPAR-γ levels. The female ASP mice had inhibited p44/42 MAPK activity and enhanced Pten expression, while male displayed activated p38 MAPK signaling. Furthermore, the female but not the male ASP mice reduced Wnt-signaling activity via both the epigenetic regulation of Apc expression and the post-transcriptional regulation of β-catenin degradation. In summary, our study demonstrates a sex-associated effect of low-dose aspirin on obesity and NAFLD prevention in female but not in male mice.
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Younossi ZM, Tampi R, Priyadarshini M, Nader F, Younossi IM, Racila A. Burden of Illness and Economic Model for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States. Hepatology 2019; 69:564-572. [PMID: 30180285 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Our aim was to estimate the total economic burden of NASH and advanced NASH in the United States. We constructed lifetime Markov models for all stages of NASH and a separate model to specifically identify the increased burden of advanced NASH (fibrosis stage >3). The models comprised patients aged 18+, who moved through seven different health states. We used a lifetime horizon with 1-year cycles for each transition. Cohort size was estimated using US population data, and prevalence and incidence rates were obtained from the literature. Transition probabilities between states were derived from meta-analyses. Costs included inpatient, outpatient, professional services, emergency department, and drug costs, which were obtained from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services Fee Schedule 2017 and published data. All future costs were discounted at an annual rate of 3%. Our models estimated that there are 6.65 million adults (18+ years old) with NASH in the United States and that there were 232,000 incident cases in 2017. Lifetime costs of all NASH patients in the United States in 2017 will be $222.6 billion, and the cost of the advanced NASH population will be $95.4 billion. Conclusion: NASH, especially advanced NASH, is associated with high lifetime economic burden; in the absence of treatment, the total direct costs of illness for these patients will continue to grow, and these costs would be even greater if the societal costs are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobair M Younossi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Falls Church, VA.,Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA
| | - Radhika Tampi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Falls Church, VA
| | | | - Fatema Nader
- Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases, Washington, DC
| | | | - Andrei Racila
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Falls Church, VA.,Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Diseases, Washington, DC
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Current Models of Fatty Liver Disease; New Insights, Therapeutic Targets and Interventions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1134:33-58. [PMID: 30919331 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12668-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of disorders ranging from simple steatosis to steatosis with inflammation and fibrosis. NAFLD is currently the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, with a global prevalence of 25%, and is soon projected to be the leading cause for liver transplantation in the US. Alarmingly, few effective pharmacotherapeutic approaches are currently available to block or attenuate development and progression of NAFLD. Preclinical models are critical for unraveling the complex and multi-factorial etiology of NAFLD and for testing potential therapeutics. Here we review preclinical models that have been instrumental in highlighting molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NAFLD and in facilitating early proof-of-concept investigations into novel intervention strategies.
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Robinson A, Ohri A, Liu B, Bhuket T, Wong RJ. One in five hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the United States are Hispanic while less than 40% were eligible for liver transplantation. World J Hepatol 2018; 10:956-965. [PMID: 30631400 PMCID: PMC6323520 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i12.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate trends and disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcomes among Hispanic patients in the United States with a focus on tumor stage at diagnosis.
METHODS We retrospectively evaluated all Hispanic adults (age > 20) with HCC diagnosed from 2004 to 2014 using United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry data. Tumor stage was assessed by SEER-specific staging systems and whether HCC was within Milan criteria at diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated for predictors of HCC within Milan criteria at diagnosis.
RESULTS Overall, Hispanics accounted for 19.8% of all HCC (73.3% men, 60.9% had Medicare or commercial insurance, 33.5% Medicaid, and 5.6% uninsured). Thirty-eight percent of Hispanic HCC patients were within Milan criteria at diagnosis. With latter time periods, significantly more patients were diagnosed with HCC within Milan criteria, and in 2013-2014, 42.6% had HCC within Milan criteria. On multivariate regression, Hispanic males (OR vs females: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.68-0.83, P < 0.001), Hispanics > 65 years (OR vs age < 50: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.58-0.79, P < 0.001), and uninsured patients (OR vs Medicare/commercial: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.40-0.59, P < 0.001) were significantly less likely to have HCC within Milan criteria at diagnosis.
CONCLUSION While one in five HCC patients in the United States are of Hispanic ethnicity, only 38% were within Milan criteria at time of diagnosis, and thus over 60% were ineligible for liver transplantation, one of the primary curative options for HCC patients. Improved efforts at HCC screening and surveillance are needed among this group to improve early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Robinson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA 94620, United States
| | - Ajay Ohri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA 94620, United States
| | - Benny Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA 94620, United States
| | - Taft Bhuket
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA 94620, United States
| | - Robert J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA 94620, United States
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Gegen Qinlian Decoction Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Steatohepatitis in Rats via Gut Microbiota. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7370891. [PMID: 30671129 PMCID: PMC6323455 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7370891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota play an important role in modulating energy contribution, metabolism, and inflammation, and disruption of the microbiome population is closely associated with chronic metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Gegen Qinlian decoction (GGQLD), a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), was previously found to regulate lipid metabolism and attenuate inflammation during NAFLD pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism of this process, as well as how the gut microbiome is involved, remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of varying doses of GGQLD on the total amount and distribution of gut bacteria in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. Our analysis indicates that Oscillibacter and Ruminococcaceae_g_unclassified are the dominant families in the HFD group. Further, HFD-dependent differences at the phylum, class, and genus levels appear to lead to dysbiosis, characterized by an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and a dramatic increase in the Oscillibacter genus compared to the control group. Treatment with GGQLD, especially the GGQLL dose, improved these HFD-induced changes in intestinal flora, leading to increased levels of Firmicutes, Clostridia, Lactobacillus, bacilli, and Erysipelotrichales that were similar to the controls. Taken together, our data highlight the efficacy of GGQLD in treating NAFLD and support its clinical use as a treatment for NAFLD/NASH patients.
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44
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Summerfield M, Zhou Y, Zhou T, Wu C, Alpini G, Zhang KK, Xie L. A long-term maternal diet transition from high-fat diet to normal fat diet during pre-pregnancy avoids adipose tissue inflammation in next generation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209053. [PMID: 30562363 PMCID: PMC6298692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that maternal high-fat (HF) diet caused inflammation changes in adipose tissue; however, it remains unclear if maternal diet intervention before pregnancy rescues such effects in offspring. To address this question, female mice were continued on a normal-fat (NF group), or a HF diet (HF group) or transitioned from a HF diet to a NF diet at 1 (H1N group), 5 (H5N group) or 9 weeks (H9N group) prior to pregnancy. Among the three intervention groups, the H9N offspring displayed less and steady body weight gain, and maintained glucose tolerance, whereas the H1N and H5N offspring showed exacerbate these phenotypes. The H1N and H5N, but not the H9N offspring, displayed adipocyte hypertrophy associated with increased expression of genes involved in fat deposition. The H1N and H5N, but not the H9N adipose tissue, displayed increased macrophage infiltration with enhanced expression of inflammatory cytokine genes. In addition, overactivation of the NF-κB and the JNK signaling were observed in the H1N adipose tissue. Overall, our study showed that a long-term but not a short- or medium-term diet intervention before pregnancy released offspring adipose tissue inflammation induced by maternal HF diet, which adds details in our understanding how the maternal environment either promotes or discourages onset of disease in offspring. Clinically, this study is of great value for providing evidence in the design of clinical trials to evaluate the urgently required intervention strategies to minimize the intergenerational cycle of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Summerfield
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX, United States of America
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX, United States of America
- Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, United States of America
| | - Ke K. Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Verloh N, Einspieler I, Utpatel K, Menhart K, Brunner S, Hofheinz F, van den Hoff J, Wiggermann P, Evert M, Stroszczynski C, Hellwig D, Grosse J. In vivo confirmation of altered hepatic glucose metabolism in patients with liver fibrosis/cirrhosis by 18F-FDG PET/CT. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:98. [PMID: 30414009 PMCID: PMC6226405 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-018-0452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for quantitative assessment of hepatic metabolism in patients with different stages of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 18F-FDG PET/CT scans of 37 patients either with or without liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, classified according to the METAVIR score (F0-F4) obtained from histopathological analysis of liver specimen, were analyzed retrospectively and classified as follows: no liver fibrosis (F0, n = 6), mild liver fibrosis (F1, n = 11), advanced liver fibrosis (F2, n = 6), severe liver fibrosis (F3, n = 5), and liver cirrhosis (F4, n = 11). The liver-to-blood ratio (LBR, scan time corrected for a reference time of 75 min) was compared between patient groups. RESULTS Patients with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis (≥ F1; LBR 1.53 ± 0.35) showed a significant higher LBR than patients with normal liver parenchyma (F0, 1.08 ± 0.23; P = 0.004). In direct comparison, LBR increased up to the advanced stage of liver fibrosis (F2; 2.00 ± 0.40) and decreased until liver cirrhosis is reached (F4, 1.32 ± 0.14). CONCLUSION Functional changes in liver parenchyma during liver fibrosis/cirrhosis affect hepatic glucose metabolism and significantly differ between stages of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, classified according to the METAVIR scoring system, as demonstrated by LBR quantification by 18F-FDG PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Verloh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. .,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Einspieler
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Utpatel
- Department of Pathology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karin Menhart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Hofheinz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, PET Center, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg van den Hoff
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, PET Center, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Wiggermann
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Evert
- Department of Pathology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Hellwig
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jirka Grosse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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NASH Leading Cause of Liver Transplant in Women: Updated Analysis of Indications For Liver Transplant and Ethnic and Gender Variances. Am J Gastroenterol 2018; 113:1649-1659. [PMID: 29880964 PMCID: PMC9083888 DOI: 10.1038/s41395-018-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) was previously the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the United States. However, since 2014 the use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has decreased the chronic HCV burden, while the prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has risen substantially through the last decade. Both gender and ethnic disparities in indications for LT have been shown in the past but no data on this have been reported since the implementation of DAAs. METHODS We assessed changes in etiologies for LT listing and in gender and ethnic differences in those listed for LT. Adult patients registered for LT in the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2016 were included. Multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to test for changes in waitlist or liver transplant rates. RESULTS The study included 127,164 adult patients registered for LT. By 2016, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was the leading etiology for waitlisting and LT; NASH was second; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to chronic HCV and chronic HCV alone were 3rd and 4th. NASH was the leading cause for LT for women and the 2nd leading cause for men (following ALD). NASH increased as the cause in all ethnic subgroups and was the leading cause in 2016 among Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white females. We also found that although the indication for liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to HCV has increased over the years, this indication decreased for the first time between 2015 and 2016 in both males and females. CONCLUSIONS NASH is currently the second leading cause for LT waitlist registration/liver transplantation overall, and in females, the leading cause. Given the rate of increase, NASH will likely rise to become the leading indication for LT in males as well.
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Sao R, Aronow WS. Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiovascular disease and subclinical atherosclerosis. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:1233-1244. [PMID: 30393477 PMCID: PMC6209727 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.68821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to fatty infiltration of liver in the absence of significant alcohol intake, use of steatogenic medication, or hereditary disorders. It is a common cause of chronic liver disease with a worldwide estimated prevalence ranging from 6.3% to 33%. The NAFLD is considered a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress are central to pathogenesis of NAFLD, and risk factors include metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, and high fat diet. NAFLD is associated with higher mortality as compared to the general population with cardiovascular disease being the most common cause of death. The NAFLD is associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis as evidenced by odds of higher coronary artery calcification, higher average and maximum carotid intima-media thickness. It is also associated with stiff arteries as evidenced by higher cardio-ankle vascular index and higher brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increasing evidence has linked NAFLD with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The NAFLD is associated with a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD), more severe CAD, poor coronary collateral development, and higher incidence of coronary events. The NAFLD is also associated with ischemic stroke. Studies have shown that the association between NAFLD and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases is independent of shared risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sao
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Wilbert S Aronow
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Xu H, Fu Q, Zhou Y, Xue C, Olson P, Lynch EC, Zhang KK, Wu C, Murano P, Zhang L, Xie L. A long-term maternal diet intervention is necessary to avoid the obesogenic effect of maternal high-fat diet in the offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 62:210-220. [PMID: 30316166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although a pre-pregnancy dietary intervention is believed to be able to prevent offspring obesity, research evidence is absent. We hypothesize that a long period of pre-pregnancy maternal diet transition from a high-fat (HF) diet to a normal-fat (NF) diet effectively prevents offspring obesity, and this preventive effect is independent of maternal body weight change. In our study, female mice were either continued on an NF diet (NF group) or an HF diet (HF group) until weaning, or switched from an HF to an NF for 1 week (H1N group), 5 weeks (H5N group) or 9 weeks (H9N group) before pregnancy. After weaning, the offspring were given the HF diet for 12 weeks to promote obesity. The mothers, regardless of which group, did not display maternal body weight change and glucose intolerance either before pregnancy or after weaning. Compared to the HF group, the H1N and H5N, but not the H9N, offspring developed glucose intolerance earlier, with more severely imbalanced glucose homeostasis. These offspring also displayed hepatocyte degeneration and significant adipocyte hypertrophy associated with higher expression of lipogenesis genes. The molecular mechanistic study showed blunted insulin signaling, overactivated adipocyte Akt signaling and hepatic AMPK signaling with enhanced lipogenesis genes in the H1N and H5N versus the NF offspring. However, maternal H9N diets normalized glucose and lipid metabolism of the offspring via resensitized insulin signaling and normalized Akt and AMPK signaling. In summary, we showed that a long-term maternal diet intervention effectively released the intergenerational obesogenic effect of maternal HF diet independent of maternal weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202; Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202; Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chengbin Xue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202; Campus Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Patrick Olson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202
| | - Ernest C Lynch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202
| | - Ke K Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202; ND-INBRE Bioinfomatic Core, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Peter Murano
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Princeton, Plainsboro, NJ, USA; Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
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Bae CR, Hino J, Hosoda H, Miyazato M, Kangawa K. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in endothelial cells attenuates hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Life Sci 2018; 209:349-356. [PMID: 30114411 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our previous study revealed that mice transgenic for endothelial-cell-specific overexpression of CNP (E-CNP Tg mice) are protected against the increased fat weight, inflammation, and insulin resistance associated with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. In addition, E-CNP overexpression prevented abnormal lipid profiles and metabolism and blocked inflammation in the livers of HFD-fed mice. Because obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance increase the risk of various liver diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), we here studied the role of E-CNP overexpression in the livers of mice in which NASH was induced through feeding of either HFD or a choline-deficient defined l‑amino-acid diet (CDAA). MAIN METHODS Wild-type (Wt) and E-CNP Tg mice were fed either a standard diet or HFD for 25 weeks or CDAA for 10 weeks. We then assessed hepatic and serum biochemistry; measured blood glucose during glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT); evaluated hepatic fibrosis and inflammation; and performed hepatic histology and gene expression analysis. KEY FINDINGS Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, asparagine transaminase, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance were ameliorated by CNP overexpression in endothelial cells of HFD-fed E-CNP Tg mice. In addition, hepatic fibrosis and inflammation were decreased in HFD-fed E-CNP Tg mice compared with HFD-fed Wt mice. CDAA-fed E-CNP Tg mice showed improved glycemic control, but liver parameters, fibrosis, and inflammation were remained elevated and equivalent to those in CDAA-fed Wt mice. SIGNIFICANCE The overexpression of CNP in endothelial cells has anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in liver during HFD-induced NASH in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Rong Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Hino
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Hosoda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kangawa
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Loy VM, Joyce C, Bello S, VonRoenn N, Cotler SJ. Gender disparities in liver transplant candidates with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Transplant 2018; 32:e13297. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica M. Loy
- Department of Hepatology; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood IL USA
- Loyola University Chicago; Maywood IL USA
| | - Cara Joyce
- Loyola University Chicago; Maywood IL USA
| | | | - Natasha VonRoenn
- Department of Hepatology; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood IL USA
- Loyola University Chicago; Maywood IL USA
| | - Scott J. Cotler
- Department of Hepatology; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood IL USA
- Loyola University Chicago; Maywood IL USA
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