1
|
Liang B, Chen X, Li M, Zhang L, Yang X, Shi L, Gong Y, Gong Y, Xu H, Wu X, Jin Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Yi X, Xie L, Zhong H, Shen C, Wang Y, Yang L. Liuwei Dihuang pills attenuate ovariectomy-induced bone loss by alleviating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) senescence via the Yes-associated protein (YAP)-autophagy axis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:42-52. [PMID: 38112463 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2291675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liuwei Dihuang pill (LWDH) has been used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). OBJECTIVE To explore the effects and mechanisms of action of LWDH in PMOP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), LWDH high dose (LWDH-H, 1.6 g/kg/d) and LWDH low dose (LWDH-L, 0.8 g/kg/d); the doses were administered after ovariectomy via gavage for eight weeks. After eight weeks, the bone microarchitecture was evaluated. The effect of LWDH on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was assessed via osteogenesis- and lipogenesis-induced BMSC differentiation. The senescence-related biological indices were also detected using senescence staining, cell cycle analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Finally, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and Yes-associated protein (YAP) were evaluated. RESULTS LWDH-L and LWDH-H significantly modified OVX-induced bone loss. LWDH promoted osteogenesis and inhibited adipogenesis in OVX-BMSCs. Additionally, LWDH decreased the positive ratio of senescence OVX-BMSCs and improved cell viability, cell cycle, and the mRNA and protein levels of p53 and p21. LWDH upregulated the expression of autophagy-related proteins, LC3, Beclin1 and YAP, in OVX-BMSCs and downregulated the expression of p62. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS LWDH improves osteoporosis by delaying the BMSC senescence through the YAP-autophagy axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luwei Liu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Yi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lushuang Xie
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongyang Shen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Qu J, Luo R, Jia K, Fan G, Li F, Wu R, Li J, Li X. Radix rehmanniae praeparata extracts ameliorate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by reversing LRP1-NOTCH1-C/EBPβ axis-mediated senescence fate of LSECs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155923. [PMID: 39094438 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is commonly observed in cases of extensive hepatic resection and involves complex mechanisms. Cell senescence has been recognized as a factor in liver injury including HIRI, where it presents as a pro-inflammatory phenotype called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata (RRP) is a commonly utilized traditional Chinese medicine known for its hepatoprotective, anti-aging and antioxidant qualities. Despite its recognized benefits, the specific mechanisms by which RRP may impede the progression of HIRI through the regulation of cell senescence and the identification of the most potent anti-aging extracts from RRP remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we first applied different chemical analysis methods to identify the RRP aqueous extract (RRPAE) and active fractions of RRP. Next, we constructed a surgically established mouse model and a hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)-stimulated liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) model to explore the underlying mechanism of RRP against HIRI through transcriptomics and multiple molecular biology experiments. RESULTS After identifying active ingredients in RRP, we observed that RRP and its factions effectively restored LSECs fenestration and improved inflammation, cellular swelling and vascular continuity in the hepatic sinusoidal region during HIRI. Transcriptomic results revealed that RRP might reverse HIRI-induced senescence through the NOTCH signaling pathway and cell categorization further showed that the senescent cell population in HIRI liver was primarily LSECs rather than other cell types. Different RRPAE, especially RRP glucoside (RRPGLY), improved LSECs senescence and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory SASP genes either induced by HR insult or NOTCH1 activator, which was accompanied with the inhibition of LRP1-NOTCH1-C/EBPβ pathways. Additionally, the specific inhibition of NOTCH1 by siRNA synergistically enhanced the hepatoprotective effect of RRPGLY. The ChIP-qPCR results further showed that C/EBPβ was enriched at the promoter of a representative SASP, Il-1β, in hypoxic LSECs but was significantly inhibited by RRPGLY. CONCLUSION Our study not only clarified the potential mechanism of RRP active extractions in alleviating HIRI, but also highlighted RRPGLY was the main component of RRP that exerted anti-aging and anti-HIRI effects, providing a fresh perspective on the use of RRP to improve HIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiaorong Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ranyi Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kexin Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guifang Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruiyu Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma S, Zhao M, Chang M, Shi X, Shi Y, Zhang Y. Effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine on IgA nephropathy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154913. [PMID: 37307737 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), is the main cause of end-stage renal disease, that causes serious physical and psychological burden to patients worldwide. Some traditional treatment measures, such as blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, controlling blood pressure, and following a low-protein diet, may not achieve satisfactory results. Therefore, more effective and safe therapies for IgAN are urgently needed. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to summarize the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) and their active ingredients in the treatment and management of IgAN based on the results of clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, to fully understand the advantages and perspectives of CHMs in the treatment of IgAN. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS For this review, the following electronic databases were consulted: PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data, "IgA nephropathy," "traditional Chinese medicine," "Chinese herbal medicine," "herb," "mechanism," "Meta-analysis," "systematic review," "RCT" and their combinations were the keywords to search the relevant literature. Data were collected from 1990 to 2022. RESULTS This review found that the active ingredients of CHMs commonly act on multiple signaling pathways in the clinical treatment of IgAN, mainly with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects, and regulation of autophagy. CONCLUSION Compared with the single-target therapy of modern medicine, CHMs can regulate the corresponding pathways from the aspects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-fibrosis and autophagy to play a multi-target treatment of IgAN through syndrome differentiation and treatment, which has good clinical efficacy and can be used as the first choice or alternative therapy for IgAN treatment. This review provides evidence and research direction for a comprehensive clinical understanding of the protective effect of Chinese herbal medicine on IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin PC, Lin CC, Li CI, Wang TC, Peng YH, Chang TT, Lin CY, Li TC, Hsieh CL. TCM as adjunctive therapy improves risks of respiratory hospitalizations in persons with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33318. [PMID: 36961191 PMCID: PMC10036058 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma than the general population. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) might be beneficial for patients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether TCM use was associated with a reduced risk of respiratory hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conducting a retrospective cohort study, we used data retrieved from the NDCMP database. Among 56,035 patients, 5226 were classified as TCM users; 50,809 were classified as TCM nonusers. Both groups were analyzed until the end of 2011 to examine the incidence of respiratory hospitalizations by using a Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate effects of TCM use on respiratory hospitalizations. During the 6-year study follow-up period, the incidence density rates of COPD- and asthma-related hospitalization were estimated to be 13.03 and 4.47 per 10,000 patient-years for TCM nonusers and 10.08 and 3.28 per 10,000 patient-years for TCM users, respectively. The HR of COPD-related hospitalization in TCM users was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.79-0.99); and the HR of asthma-related hospitalization in TCM users was 0.81 (95% CI = 0.66-1.00). Stratified analyses revealed that effects of TCM use were stronger among individuals who had diabetes for <3 years. As a part of Integrative Medicine, our study results demonstrate that TCM use was associated with a significant reduced risk of respiratory hospitalizations, especially in patients with diabetes for <3 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Lin
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Ing Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tang-Chuan Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hao Peng
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Ti Chang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Yi Lin
- PhD Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fu Z, Zhang S, Gu X, Guan T, Wang C, Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo H, Wang L, Zhang T. LDP alleviates TKI-induced proteinuria through reversing the expression of RelA in renal tissues. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1095344. [PMID: 36744132 PMCID: PMC9892181 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1095344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), as an important tumor therapy, can induce severe proteinuria that significantly affects anti-tumor therapy. Existing therapies against proteinuria induced by other etiologies are currently ineffective for TKI-induced proteinuria. It has been shown that various types of proteinuria are related to podocyte damage caused by changes in the RelA signaling pathway. Our experiments confirmed that TKIs activate the renal RelA signaling pathway, and induce death of podocytes and destruction of the glomerular filtration barrier. Here we found that Liuwei Dihuang Pill (LDP) attenuated the inflammatory injury of podocytes through inhibiting activation of RelA, and subsequently relieved TKI-related proteinuria and prevented the progression of TMA and FSGS. Our finding indicated that LDP may be effective for the treatment of TKI-induced proteinuria, which is clinically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Gu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengmeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Tumor Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China,Hua Guo,
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Lu Wang,
| | - Ti Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ti Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu X, Shen X, Lin B, Fang J, Jin J, He Q. Liuwei Dihuang Pills Inhibit Podocyte Injury and Alleviate IgA Nephropathy by Directly Altering Mesangial Cell-Derived Exosome Function and Secretion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:889008. [PMID: 35899112 PMCID: PMC9309816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerular disease worldwide. Its pathological features include IgA immune complex deposition, accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix expansion. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Liuwei Dihuang pills (LWDHW) on IgAN in mice and human podocytes, as well as to determine their underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: For in vitro experiments, podocytes were exposed to the human mesangial cell culture medium supernatant of glomerular cells treated with aggregated IgA1 (aIgA1) and LWDHW-containing serum. Cell viability and the proportion of positive cells were evaluated using CCK-8 and flow apoptosis kits, respectively. The cells were collected for western blot analysis. Twenty-four mice with IgAN induced by oral bovine serum albumin administration combined with tail vein injection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B were randomly divided into four groups of six mice each: untreated model group, model + LWDHW group, model + rapamycin group, and model + LWDHW + rapamycin group. The normal control group contained six mice. The red blood cell count in the urine, urine protein, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and IgA deposition were determined, and TUNEL and western blotting were performed in the mouse kidney tissues. Results:In vitro experiments showed that LWDHW promoted autophagy by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway and improved the damage to podocytes caused by the aIgA1-treated mesangial cell supernatant. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of LWDHW for treating IgAN. In the animal experiments, LWDHW significantly reduced the urine red blood cell count, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen contents, and 24 h urinary protein function and improved IgA deposition in the kidney tissues, glomerular volume, glomerular cell proliferation and polysaccharide deposition, and glomerular cell apoptosis. The pills also reversed the changes in the LC3II/I ratio and p62 content in the kidney tissues. The combination of LWDHW and rapamycin showed stronger inhibitory effects compared to those of LWDHW or rapamycin alone. Conclusion: LWDHW may improve regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and inhibit autophagy in podocytes, as well as alleviate IgA nephropathy by directly altering mesangial cell exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhu
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Shen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Fang
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Jin, ; Qiang He,
| | - Qiang He
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Jin, ; Qiang He,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen J, Teng D, Wu Z, Li W, Feng Y, Tang Y, Liu G. Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction via Network Pharmacology. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:91-102. [PMID: 33332098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used to treat diseases over a long history, but it is still a great challenge to uncover the underlying mechanisms for their therapeutic effects due to the complexity of their ingredients. Based on a novel network pharmacology-based approach, we explored in this study the potential therapeutic targets of Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH) decoction in its neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) function. We not only collected the known targets of the compounds in LWDH but also predicted the targets for these compounds using the balanced substructure-drug-target network-based inference (bSDTNBI), which is a target prediction method based on network inferring developed by our laboratory. A "target-(pathway)-target" (TPT) network, in which targets of LWDH were connected by relevant pathways, was constructed and divided into several separate modules with strong internal connections. Then the target module that contributes the most to NIM function was determined through a contribution scoring algorithm. Finally, the targets with the highest contribution score to NIM-related diseases in this target module were recommended as potential therapeutic targets of LWDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dan Teng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuqian Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Palladini G, Ferrigno A, Di Pasqua LG, Berardo C, Rizzo V, Perlini S, Vairetti M. Associations between serum trace elements and inflammation in two animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243179. [PMID: 33306695 PMCID: PMC7732075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The comparison of hepatic steatosis animal models has allowed the understanding of mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated the changes in serum levels of trace elements and inflammation markers in fatty livers using two rat models of NAFLD, the methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet model and Obese-Zucker rats. Material and methods NAFLD was induced in male Wistar rats by 3-week MCD diet administration, after which, blood samples were collected. 12-week old Obese (fa/fa) and Lean (fa/-) male Zucker rats were also used. Serum levels of hepatic enzymes, Urea, Uric acid, Ca2+, Cl, Fe, K, Na, Mg and Zn were quantified, as well as the inflammation markers TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6. Results In MCD rats, a serum increase in Cl, Mg and Na and a decrease in Ca2+, Zn were detected in comparison with control rats. An increase in only serum Ca2+ was found in Obese-Zucker rats. In MCD rat serum, Zn was inversely correlated with IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, Urea and Uric Acid; Ca2+ was inversely correlated with IL-1beta, IL-6 and Urea; Cl and Mg were directly correlated with Uric Acid and Urea, respectively. In Obese-Zucker rats, Cl and IL-1beta were inversely correlated, whereas Ca2+ and Urea where directly correlated, as well Fe and TNF-alpha. Conclusions The serum concentrations of trace elements change significantly only in MCD rats, which spontaneously progress to NASH. The causes of these changes may be a result of defense strategies of the organism, which is regulated by immunoregulatory cytokines. These results might suggest that the impairment of trace element status should be taken into account when the effectiveness of a pharmacological treatment is under evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Palladini
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ferrigno
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Clarissa Berardo
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rizzo
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Perlini
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Emergency Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariapia Vairetti
- Dept of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang CH, Xiao Q, Sheng JQ, Liu TT, Cao YQ, Xue YN, Shi M, Cao Z, Zhou LF, Luo XQ, Deng KZ, Chen C. Gegen Qinlian Decoction abates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis associated liver injuries via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response involved inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110076. [PMID: 32169759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gegen Qilian Decoction (GGQLD) is a well-established classic Chinese medicine prescription in treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the molecular mechanism of GGQLD action on NASH is still not clear. This study aimed to assess the anti-NASH effect of GGQLD, and to explore its molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In HFD-fed rats, GGQLD decreased significantly serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), total bile acid (TBA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), free fatty acid (FFA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, increased levels of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) Ahcy, Gpx1, Mat1a, GNMT, and reduced the expression of ALDOB. In RAW264.7 macrophages, GGQLD reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, and diminished NASH by increasing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) CBS, Mat1a, Hnf4α and Pparα to reduce oxidative stress or lipid metabolism. The results of DEGs verification also showed that GGQLD up-regulated expressions of Hnf4α, Pparα and Cbs genes. In HepG2 cells, GGQLD decreased IL-6 levels and intracellular TG content, and inhibited FFA-induced expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In summary, GGQLD abates NASH associated liver injuries via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response involved inhibition of TLR4 signal pathways. These findings provide new insights into the anti-NASH therapy by GGQLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Qin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Jun-Qing Sheng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ying-Qian Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ya-Nan Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Zheng Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Li-Fen Zhou
- Large Precise Instruments Shared Services Center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Quan Luo
- Experimental Animal Science and Technology Center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Ke-Zhong Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang S, Wong YT, Tang KY, Kwan HY, Su T. Chinese Medicinal Herbs Targeting the Gut-Liver Axis and Adipose Tissue-Liver Axis for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Treatments: The Ancient Wisdom and Modern Science. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:572729. [PMID: 33101207 PMCID: PMC7556113 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.572729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex. Frontline western medicines only ameliorate the symptoms of NAFLD. On the contrary, the uniqueness of Chinese medicine in its interpretation of NAFLD and the holistic therapeutic approach lead to a promising therapeutic efficacy. Recent studies reveal that the gut-liver axis and adipose tissue-liver axis play important roles in the development of NAFLD. Interestingly, with advanced technology, many herbal formulae are found to target the gut-liver axis and adipose tissue-liver axis and resolve the inflammation in NAFLD. This is the first review summarizes the current findings on the Chinese herbal formulae that target the two axes in NAFLD treatment. This review not only demonstrates how the ancient wisdom of Chinese medicine is being interpreted by modern pharmacological studies, but also provides valuable information for the further development of the herbal-based treatment for NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yui-Tung Wong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Yu Tang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hiu-Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Hiu-Yee Kwan, ; Tao Su,
| | - Tao Su
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hiu-Yee Kwan, ; Tao Su,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ling C, Zhang Y, Li J, Chen W, Ling C. Clinical Use of Toxic Proteins and Peptides from Tian Hua Fen and Scorpion Venom. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:285-295. [PMID: 29932034 DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180622100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been practiced in China for thousands of years. As a complementary and alternative treatment, herbal medicines that are frequently used in the TCM are the most accepted in the Western world. However, animal materials, which are equally important in the TCM practice, are not well-known in other countries. On the other hand, the Chinese doctors had documented the toxic profiles of hundreds of animals and plants thousand years ago. Furthermore, they saw the potential benefits of these materials and used their toxic properties to treat a wide variety of diseases, such as heavy pain and cancer. Since the 50s of the last century, efforts of the Chinese government and societies to modernize TCM have achieved tremendous scientific results in both laboratory and clinic. A number of toxic proteins have been isolated and their functions identified. Although most of the literature was written in Chinese, this review provide a summary, in English, regarding our knowledge of the clinical use of the toxic proteins isolated from a plant, Tian Hua Fen, and an animal, scorpion, both of which are famous toxic prescriptions in TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, Florida, FL, United States.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- Department of Oncology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,E-institute of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen W, Wang J, Shi J, Yang X, Yang P, Wang N, Yang S, Xie T, Yang H, Zhang M, Wang H, Fei J. Longevity Effect of Liuwei Dihuang in Both Caenorhabditis Elegans and Aged Mice. Aging Dis 2019; 10:578-591. [PMID: 31165002 PMCID: PMC6538212 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in the clinical treatment of aging-related diseases in China. However, its pharmacological mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, we evaluated the lifespan extension effect of LWDH in C. elegans and mice and revealed its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that LWDH significantly extended the lifespan of C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner. LWDH also conferred protection to nematodes against oxidative stress and reduced their fat storage. Genetics analysis and microarray data showed that the longevity effect of LWDH was attributed to the regulation of the innate immune response, proteolysis, lipid metabolism, and the oxidation-reduction process and was dependent on daf-16. Among the six herbs in the formula, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Fructus Macrocarpii contributed most to the longevity effect of this medicine, while the other four components had a synergistic effect on the longevity effect of the prescription. The lack of any single herb reduced the efficacy of the complete formula. LWDH also extended the lifespan and reduced both the weight and oxidant stress status in aged mice. Taken together, these results suggested that LWDH might function in a multi-target manner to extend the lifespan in both C. elegans and aged mice, and the best effect was achieved with the complete formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Chen
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinzeng Wang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xu Yang
- 3School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Yang
- 4Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Model Organisms, SRMOC/SMOC, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning Wang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sai Yang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianpei Xie
- 5Standard Testing Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hua Yang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jian Fei
- 1School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.,2Shenqi Institute for Ethnomedicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chang CM, Shih PH, Chen TJ, Ho WC, Yang CP. Integrated therapy decreases the mortality of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis: A Taiwan-wide population-based retrospective study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:70-81. [PMID: 30818007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The issue of whether integrated treatment with conventional medicine (CM) and herbal medicine (HM) can reduce mortality in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) had not been addressed. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated the effect of integrated therapy on mortality in a retrospective PM/DM cohort in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with PM/DM were retrospectively enrolled from the PM/DM Registry of Catastrophic Illnesses cohort in the Taiwan NHIRD between 1997 and 2011. The patients were divided into an integrated medicine (IM) group that received CM and HM and a non-IM group that received CM alone. The Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier method were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality. RESULTS Three hundred and eighty-five of 2595 patients with newly diagnosed PM/DM had received IM and 99 had received non-IM. The adjusted HR for mortality was lower in the IM group than in the non-IM group (0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.26-0.68, p < 0.001). The adjusted HR for mortality was also lower in the IM group that had received CM plus HM than in the group that received CM alone (0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.84, p < 0.05). The core pattern of HM prescriptions integrated with methylprednisolone, methotrexate, azathioprine, or cyclophosphamide to decrease mortality included "San-Qi" (Panax notoginseng), "Bai-Ji" (Bletilla striata), "Chen-Pi" (Citrus reticulata), "Hou-Po" (Magnolia officinalis), and "Dan-Shan" (Salvia miltiorrhiza). CONCLUSION Integrated therapy has reduced mortality in patients with PM/DM in Taiwan. Further investigation of the clinical effects and pharmaceutical mechanism involved is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Mao Chang
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsuan Shih
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Pai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Huang-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Mechanism of Bushen-Jianpi Decoction in Liver Cancer Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3242989. [PMID: 31015849 PMCID: PMC6444272 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3242989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of a Bushen-Jianpi decoction (BSJPD) in liver cancer (LC) treatment, we analyzed clinical therapy data, conducted network pharmacology analysis, and performed pharmacological experimental verification in vitro and in vivo. The univariate analysis of clinical therapy showed that the BSJPD was protective factor (p < 0.05). The network pharmacology analysis showed that 9 compounds were important nodes of BSJPD-LC therapy network. In experimental verification, the rate of apoptosis increased in the liver tumors of mice treated with the BSJPD (p < 0.05); drug serum with 20 % BSJPD inhibited cell viability (p < 0.05) and reduced the expression of PI3K, the Bcl-xL/BAD ratio, and the levels of p53 and p-Akt in HepG2 cells. Moreover, licochalcone A, alisol B, and hederagenin inhibited cell viability (p < 0.05), induced cell apoptosis (p < 0.01), reduced p-Akt levels, and increased cleaved-CASP3 (p < 0.05) and p53 expression levels in HepG2 cells. These data suggest that the BSJPD prolongs the survival of LC patients and induces apoptosis and that it may be associated with the regulation of PI3K, Akt, p53, CASP3, and Bcl-xL/BAD expression.
Collapse
|
15
|
Tseng YT, Chang WH, Lin CC, Chang FR, Wu PC, Lo YC. Protective effects of Liuwei dihuang water extracts on diabetic muscle atrophy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:96-106. [PMID: 30668418 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liuwei dihuang (LWDH), a widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been noticed for its potential on the improvement of diabetic complications including diabetic nephropathy and diabetic encephalopathy. However, whether LWDH can improve the effects of diabetic skeletal muscle atrophy has not yet been reported. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of the water extract of Liuwei dihuang (LWDH-WE) on skeletal muscle in cellular and animal models of diabetic muscle atrophy. STUDY DESIGN The muscle protective effects of LWDH-WE on diabetic muscle atrophy and weakness were examined in methylglyoxal (MG)-treated C2C12 myotubes and streptozotocin (STZ)-treated C57BL/6 mice, respectively. METHODS C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated by differentiation medium to form myotube structures. C2C12 myotubes were pre-treated with LWDH-WE 1 h before MG treatment. Diabetic mice were induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg) in C57BL/6 mice. Cell viability was determined by MTT and LDH assays. Protein expressions were detected by western blots. Morphological changes of cells were observed by an inverted microscope. Mitochondria membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured by flow cytometry. Muscle strength was evaluated by measuring grip strength of mice. RESULTS In C2C12 myotubes, LWDH-WE attenuated MG-induced cellular death and oxidative damage accompanied with improving mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibiting NADPH oxidase (Nox) activation, and ROS production. Moreover, LWDH-WE could attenuate MG-induced atrophy of C2C12 myotubes accompanied with regulating protein synthesis (IGF-1R, Akt, mTOR) and protein degradation (FoxO3a, atrogin-1, MuRF-1) signals. In STZ-induced diabetic mice, LWDH-WE improved body weight and skeletal muscle mass of mice. LWDH-WE also enhanced muscle strength of STZ-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, LWDH-WE enhanced the improvement of insulin on gastrocnemius muscle mass and grip strength in STZ-treated mice. CONCLUSION LWDH-WE possesses skeletal muscle protection via reducing oxidative damage and regulating protein synthesis and degradation pathways in MG-induced atrophy of C2C12 myotubes. We also reveal the novel protection of LWDH-WE against STZ-induced reduction of muscle mass and muscle strength in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Characteristics of the traditional Liu-Wei-Di-Huang prescription reassessed in modern pharmacology. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:103-121. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
17
|
Xiu L, Yang Z, Zhao Y, Liu X, Jiao J, Ye M, Sun D, Wei P. High-fat diets promote colon orthotopic transplantation tumor metastasis in BALB/c mice. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1914-1920. [PMID: 30675255 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) are a risk factor for colorectal cancer. The present study investigated whether HFDs increase colon cancer metastasis in BALB/c mice. A total of 40 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups, including the tumor, tumor-HFD, HFD and control groups. After 3 weeks, the tumor weights and metastases were observed. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, lapin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor were analyzed using ELISA. The CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiotensin 2 (ANG2) protein and mRNA levels in tumor tissues were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The metastasis frequency increased in the tumor-HFD group. However, there was no difference in the mean tumor weight between the tumor-HFD and tumor groups. The serum cholesterol levels were increased in the tumor-HFD and HFD groups compared with the control group. The levels of serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in the tumor-HFD group compared with other groups. The CD34 protein level, and VEGF protein and mRNA levels were increased in the tumor-HFD group compared with the tumor group. No difference was identified between the ANG2 protein and mRNA levels in of the two groups. It was concluded that HFD increased the serum level of cholesterol and cytokines, and potentially induced tumor angiogenesis, promoting transplanted orthotopic colon tumor metastasis in BALB/c mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, 81st Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jianpeng Jiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Pinkang Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Q, Zhang FG, Zhang WS, Pan A, Yang YL, Liu JF, Li P, Liu BL, Qi LW. Ginsenoside Rg1 Inhibits Glucagon-Induced Hepatic Gluconeogenesis through Akt-FoxO1 Interaction. Theranostics 2017; 7:4001-4012. [PMID: 29109794 PMCID: PMC5667421 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Glucagon is involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis, playing a key role in type 2 diabetes. Ginsenosides are reported to have antidiabetic activities. Ginsenoside Rg1 is a major propanaxatriol-type saponin in ginseng. This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of Rg1 on glucagon-induced hepatic glucose production. Methods: The effects of Rg1 were investigated in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice and glucagon-challenged C57BL/6J mice. Glucose metabolism was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test and pyruvate tolerance test. The role of Rg1 on the regulation of Akt-FoxO1 interaction was performed using immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, siRNA silencing, pharmacological inhibitor and active-site mutant in primary hepatocytes or HepG2 cells. Results: Abnormally elevated fasting glucagon levels were observed in HFD-fed mice, contributing significantly to increased fasting plasma glucose levels. Inappropriate fasting glucagon secretion inactivated Akt and promoted hepatic glucose production via upregulation of FoxO1 activity. Rg1 preserved glucagon-impaired Akt activation partly by binding to Akt at Ser473 site. Rg1 also promoted Akt binding to FoxO1 and inactivated FoxO1 by phosphorylation. Consequently, Rg1 decreased the hepatic glucose production through a decrease in transcription of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase). Both siRNA silencing of Akt and Akt inhibitor triciribine attenuated the effects of Rg1 in response to fasting hormone glucagon. Conclusion: Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 by ginsenoside Rg1 is critical for its gluconeogenesis-lowering effect, suggesting a potential for pharmaceutical intervention in response to fasting hormone glucagon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fei-Ge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - An Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jin-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bao-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhuang S, Jian YM, Sun YN. Inhibition of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced gastric tumorigenesis by Liuwei Dihuang Pill in db/db mice. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4233-4242. [PMID: 28694663 PMCID: PMC5483497 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i23.4233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the inhibitory effect of Liuwei Dihuang Pill (LDP) on gastric tumorigenesis induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in diabetic mice.
METHODS Four-week-old mice were divided into four groups: A, 12 db/m mice treated with MNU and saline, as the non-diabetic control; B, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and saline, as the diabetic control; C, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and metformin, as the positive control; and D, 12 db/db mice treated with MNU and LDP. MNU was administrated for 20 wk to induce gastric carcinogenesis. LDP was administrated for 10 wk for improvement of insulin resistance. Body weight and food intake were measured every week. Blood samples were collected for assays of fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, adiponectin and leptin. Stomach tissues were collected for histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining of Ki67, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.
RESULTS The incidence of MNU-induced gastric dysplasia was significantly elevated in diabetic (db/db) mice relative to the control (db/m) mice. The incidence of gastric dysplasia was significantly reduced by LDP with suppression of cell proliferation, as demonstrated by a decrease in Ki67 staining. Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and serum IGF-1 were inhibited by LDP. Expression of IGF-1 and insulin receptor mRNAs was decreased, phosphorylation of IGF-1 receptor and AKT protein was reduced in the stomach tissues by LDP. In addition, adiponectin was increased and leptin was decreased in the serum by LDP.
CONCLUSION LDP decreased risk of gastric dysplasia in type 2 diabetic mice by down-regulation of IGF and insulin activity and correction of adipokines disorders.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chang CM, Wu PC, Chiang JH, Wei YH, Chen FP, Chen TJ, Pan TL, Yen HR, Chang HH. Integrative therapy decreases the risk of lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A population-based retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:201-212. [PMID: 27974236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evidence on alleviating the risk of lupus nephritis by integrative therapy with conventional medicine (CM) and herbal medicine (HM) had not been addressed. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the integrative effect associated the risk by a retrospective Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) cohort from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). MATERIALS AND METHODS SLE patients with a catastrophic illness certificate (CIC) were retrospectively enrolled from the SLE cohort of the Taiwan NHIRD between 1997 and 2011. The patients were divided into an integrative medicine (IM: integrated CM plus HM) and a non-IM (CM only) group with 1:1 propensity score matching. Cox proportional regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method were conducted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for lupus nephritis in the cohort. RESULTS Among 16,645 newly diagnosed SLE patients holding a CIC (SLE/CIC), 1933 had received HM and 1571 had received no HM treatment. After propensity score matching, there were 273 patients with lupus nephritis-120 in the IM group and 153 in the non-IM group. The adjusted HR (0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54-0.87, p<0.01) for lupus nephritis was lower in the IM group than in the non-IM group. The adjusted HR (0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.88, p<0.001) for lupus nephritis was also lower in the group of patients who had received CM plus HM than in the group that received CM only. The core pattern of HM prescriptions, which were integrated with CM for preventing lupus nephritis, was "Sheng-Di-Huang" (raw Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.), "Mu-Dan-Pi" (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), "Dan-Shan" (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.), "Zhi-Bo-Di-Huang-Wan.", and "Chi-Shao" (Paeoniae lactiflorae Rubra). CONCLUSION Integrative therapy decreased the risk of lupus nephritis among SLE patients in Taiwan. Further investigation of the pharmacological mechanism and clinical efficacy are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Mao Chang
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Chang Wu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology and Department of Education, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fang-Pey Chen
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, and School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu ZJ, Shu S, Li ZJ, Liu YM, Zhang RY, Zhang Y. Liuwei Dihuang pill treats diabetic nephropathy in rats by inhibiting of TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, and NF-kB and upregulating expression of cytoglobin in renal tissues. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5879. [PMID: 28099346 PMCID: PMC5279091 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liuwei Dihuang pill (LDP) was assessed for its effects on renal deficiency.90 STZ induced DN rats were divided into groups (n = 22) without treatment (STZ) and LDP treated (STZ-L) (n = 23), Zhenwu decoction treated (STZ-Z) (n = 22), and valsartan treated (STZ-V) (n = 23) groups, with 16 normal control rats. Total urine protein (TP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Cr) were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations as well as expression/phosphorylation of SMAD3, SMAD2, and α-SMA, TGF-β, RI /II, P38, ERK, and NF-kB in renal tissues were determined. In vitro experiments analyzed the effect of enhanced TGF-β containing rat serums of the STZ groups on mesangial cells with and without transient transfection with a cytoglobin-containing plasmid.LDP treatment reduced the kidney coefficient, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein and prevented pathological changes. Expression of SOD and NOS in kidney tissue was increased but MDA expression reduced. LDP modulated multiple pathways, and its administration inhibited the phosphorylation of SMADS, ERK, p38, and the expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI/II, and upregulated the expression of cytoglobin. In vitro studies revealed that overexpression of cytoglobin suppressed phosphorylation of Smad2, ERK, and p38 induced by TGF-β and expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI.LDP prevented renal fibrosis and protected glomerular mesangial cells by upregulation of cytoglobin and suppression of multiple pathways involving TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, NF-kB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ju Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Shi Shu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Zhi Jie Li
- Science and Technology Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Min Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Rui Yi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dai B, Wu Q, Zeng C, Zhang J, Cao L, Xiao Z, Yang M. The effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in liver of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats with insulin resistance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 192:382-389. [PMID: 27401286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liuwei Dihaung decoction (LWDHT) is a well-known classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, consists of six herbs including Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.(family: Scrophulariaceae), Cornus officinalis Sieb.(family: Cornaceae), Dioscorea opposite Thunb.(family: Dioscoreaceae), Alisma orientale(G. Samuelsson) Juz (family: Alismataceae), Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (family: Polyporaceae) and Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (family: Paeoniaceae). It has been used in the treatment of many types of diseases with signs of deficiency of Yin in the kidneys in China clinically. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of Liuwei dihuang decoction on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in liver of T2DM rats with insulin resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS T2DM model was induced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by high sugar and high fat diets combined with small dose of streptozocin (STZ) injection. The successful T2DM rats were randomly allocated three group--vehicle group, positive control group and Liuwei Dihuang decoction group. After 12-weeks treatment with distilled water, rosiglitazone and LWDHT by intragastric administration respectively, the rats were put to death in batches. The variance of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) in serum were determined, the pathological changes of each rats' liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2(IRS2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinas B (Akt) involving the canonical PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), and the expression level of IRS2, PI3K, Akt protein and phosphorylated IRS2, PI3K, Akt protein were evaluated by Western Blot. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. RESULTS Four weeks of treatment with LWDHT could significantly decrease the level of FBG and FINS in serum, improve the cellular morphology of liver, kidney, pancreas tissue, and the expression of IRS2, PI3K, Akt mRNA and phosphorylated IRS2, PI3K, Akt protein involved in the canonical PI3K/Akt signaling pathway of T2DM rats in liver were significantly up-regulated, while the total IRS2, PI3K, and Akt protein had no obvious changes. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Liuwei Dihuang decoction could intervene insulin resistance of T2DM, in part, through regulation of canonical PI3K/Akt signaling pathway of T2DM rats in liver.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Insulin/blood
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism
- Insulin Resistance
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/enzymology
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/enzymology
- Pancreas/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Streptozocin
- Time Factors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
| | - Qinxuan Wu
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Chengxi Zeng
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Jiani Zhang
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Luting Cao
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Zizeng Xiao
- Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.
| | - Menglin Yang
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ceccarini MR, Codini M, Cataldi S, Vannini S, Lazzarini A, Floridi A, Moretti M, Villarini M, Fioretti B, Beccari T, Albi E. Acid sphingomyelinase as target of Lycium Chinense: promising new action for cell health. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:183. [PMID: 27756324 PMCID: PMC5070216 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingomyelin plays very important roles in cell function under physiological and pathological conditions. Physical and chemical stimuli produce reactive oxygen species that stimulate acid sphingomyelinase to induce apoptosis. Antioxidant plants of the traditional Chinese Pharmacopoeia, such as Lycium Barbarum and Lycium Chinense, have become increasingly popular in Western countries. We investigated the effects of Lycium Chinense on acid sphingomyelinase and sphingomyelin species in relation to gene expression. Methods We prepared Lycium Chinense berry extracts and evaluated their antioxidant properties. Increasing amount of extracts was used to test cytotoxic and genotoxic effect on HepG2 cells. Gene expression, protein amount and enzyme activity of acid sphingomyelinase were tested by RT-PCR, immunoblotting and enzymatic activity assay, respectively. Sphingomyelin species were analyzed by UFLC MS/MS. A panel of 96 genes involved in oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis and cancer was used to test the effect of LC on gene expression. GLRX2, RNF7, and PTGS1 proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting. Results We showed that Lycium Chinense berries have high antioxidant properties, have an IC50value of 9.55 mg/mL, do not induce genotoxic effect and maintain high level of cell viability. The berry extracts inhibit acid sphingomyelinase activity and increase both very long fatty acid sphingomyelin species and unsaturated fatty acid sphingomyelin species. Among 96 genes, Lycium Chinense berries up-regulate Glutaredoxin 2 and Ring Finger Protein 7 genes and proteins, able to protect cells from apoptosis. Intrigantly, Lycium Chinense berries down-regulates Prostaglandin H synthase 1 gene but the protein is not expressed in HepG2 cells. Conclusion The results identify acid sphingomyelinase as a novel target of Lycium Chinense berries to decrease saturated/unsaturated fatty acid sphingomyelin ratio, known to be useful for cell health. Consistent with these data, the berries regulate specifically gene expression to protect cells from apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuele Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzarini
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABiON, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Milena Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABiON, Perugia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Effects of Huang Qi Decoction on Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Homocysteine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7272694. [PMID: 27725840 PMCID: PMC5048055 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7272694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction can be induced by homocysteine (Hcy) through promoted oxidative stress. Huang Qi decoction (HQD) is a traditional Chinese medical formula and its components possess antioxidant effect. The study herein was therefore designed to investigate the effects of HQD at different dosage on endothelial dysfunction induced by Hcy. Tempol and apocynin were used to investigate whether antioxidant mechanisms were involved. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aortas was investigated by isometric tension recordings. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined by DHE staining. The assessment related to oxidative stress and NO bioavailability was performed by assay kits and western blot. In isometric tension experiment, HQD at the dose of 30 or 100 μg/mL, tempol, or apocynin prevented impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated aortas elicited by Hcy. In cellular experiments, substantial enhancement in NADPH oxidase and ROS generation and reduction in NO bioavailability triggered by Hcy were reversed by pretreatment of HQD at the dose of 100 μg/mL, tempol, or apocynin. The results proved that HQD at an appropriate dosage presented favorable effects on endothelial dysfunction initiated by Hcy through antioxidant mechanisms. HQD can act as a potent prescription for the treatment of endothelium related vascular complications.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hwang KA, Hwang YJ, Song J. Antioxidant activities and oxidative stress inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from Cornus officinalis on raw 264.7 cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:196. [PMID: 27391600 PMCID: PMC4939040 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Cornus officinalis, is a deciduous tree native to the eastern Asia, distributes mainly in (e.g. Korea, as well as China, and Japan). It is used as folk medicine to backache, polyuria, hypertension and nervous breakdown. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that C. officinalis possess anti-oxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, and immune regulatory effects. However, reports on the antioxidant activity of C. officinalis have been limited to in vitro radical scavenging studies. Its mechanism of action within the cell at the genetic level especially has not yet been clearly defined. Therefore, we investigated the anti-antioxidant activities of C. officinalis in RAW 264.7 cells. Methods The antioxidant activities and protective effects of C. officinalis ethanol extract on cell damage and the antioxidant enzyme system in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress-damaged RAW 264.7 cells were assessed. To measure the effects of C. officinalis on antioxidant activities, we used the following methods: Total phenol and flavonoid contents, DPPH scavenging activity assay, ABTS scavenging activity assay, FRAP value measurement, xanthine oxidase activity assay, ROS generation measurement and real time PCR. Results The total phenol and flavonoid contents of C. officinalis extracts were 27.04 mg GAE/g and 3.70 mg QE/g, respectively. The antioxidant activities of C. officinalis extracts increased in a dose-dependent manner: the IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of C. officinalis extracts were 99.32 μg/mL and 138.51 μg/mL, respectively. C. officinalis extracts inhibited xanthine oxidase activity and reactive oxygen species generation. The expression of antioxidant enzymes, Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase increased upon treatment with C. officinalis extracts at 100 μg/mL, compared to that in the LPS-treated group. Conclusions These results suggest the therapeutic potential of C. officinalis extract as an anti-oxidant agent. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1172-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhou W, Cheng X, Zhang Y. Effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, on the neuroendocrine immunomodulation network. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 162:170-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
27
|
Dong LC, Fan YX, Yu Q, Ma J, Dong X, Li P, Li HJ. Synergistic effects of rhubarb-gardenia herb pair in cholestatic rats at pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:67-74. [PMID: 26376237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herb pair serves as the basic building block of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. The rhubarb-gardenia herb pair (RGHP), composed of rhubarb and gardenia, has meaningful clinical effects to cure cholestasis diseases. This study was designed to confirm the expected synergistic effects of RGHP at pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, model and drug-treated groups. After intragastrically administrated with α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) to induce cholestasis, rats were treated with rhubarb, gardenia or RGHP. For pharmacodynamic study, biochemical and histopathological tests were performed to assess the hepatoprotective effects. While for pharmacokinetic study, a LC-MS method was developed for determination of five main chemical markers, namely genipin, rhein, aloe emodin, emodin and chrysophanol in rat plasma. RESULTS The biochemical and histopathological tests suggested that RGHP exerted enhanced hepatoprotective effects against the ANIT-induced cholestasis compared with single herbs. The pharmacokinetic study indicated RGHP could significantly elevate systemic exposure level and prolong retention time of five markers in comparison with rhubarb or gardenia alone. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated the synergistic effects of RGHP in ANIT-induced cholestatic rats at pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels, and has significant enlightenments for the rational use of the related TCM formulas containing RGHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Chi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya-Xi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim SW, Park TJ, Chaudhari HN, Choi JH, Choi JY, Kim YJ, Choi MS, Yun JW. Hepatic proteome and its network response to supplementation of an anti-obesity herbal mixture in diet-induced obese mice. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|