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Qi X, Aiyasamy K, Alenezi SK, Alanazi IM, Alshammari MS, Ibrahim IAA. Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Visnagin in Different Nociceptive and Inflammatory Mice Models. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3441-3455. [PMID: 37659050 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Pain management has been a severe public health issue throughout the world. Acute pain if not treated at the appropriate time can lead to chronic pain that can cause psychological and social distress. Nothing can be more rewarding than treating pain successfully for a physician. However, the use of chemical NSAIDs and opiate drugs has taken a toll on the patients with their unavoidable side effects. This study intends to explore the potential to treat pain by inhibiting nociception and inflammation with a safer, non-addictive, effective, and low-cost alternative agent from a natural source, visnagin. In vivo studies have been conducted using male Swiss albino mice as models for this research. Nociception was induced using different chemical and thermal stimuli such as acetic acid, glutamate, capsaicin, and formalin. To check for the anti-inflammatory properties, carrageenan was used to induce inflammation and the activity was assayed using peritoneal cavity leukocyte infiltration analysis and pro-inflammatory cytokine level comparison with the supplementation of visnagin at three different dosages. The findings of this study revealed that the visnagin treatment effectively attenuated the acetic acid-induced writhing response, glutamate-induced paw licking numbers, capsaicin-induced pain response, and formalin-induced biphasic licking incidences in the experimental mice models. Furthermore, the visnagin treatment remarkably suppressed the carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice, which is evident from the decreased leukocytes, mononuclear, and polymorphonuclear cell numbers in the mice. The levels of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were effectively reduced by the visnagin treatment in the experimental mice. The results of open field test proved that the visnagin showed a better locomotor movement in the experimental mice. These results provided evidence for the potential activity of the visnagin against inflammatory and nociceptive responses in the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, No. 20, Shaoxian Road, Baotou City, 014010, China
| | - Kalaivani Aiyasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Namakkal, 637205, Tiruchengode, India
| | - Sattam Khulaif Alenezi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Elkousy RH, Said ZNA, Ali MA, Kutkat O, Abu El Wafa SA. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 in vitro potential of castor oil plant ( Ricinus communis) leaf extract: in-silico virtual evidence. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:365-376. [PMID: 37401758 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Ricinus communis L. is a medicinal plant that displays valuable pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. This study targeted to isolate and identify some constituents of R. communis leaves using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) and different chromatographic techniques. In vitro anti-MERS and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity for different fractions and for two pure isolated compounds, lupeol (RS) and ricinine (RS1) were evaluated using a plaque reduction assay with three different mechanisms and IC50 based on their cytotoxic concentration (CC50) from an MTT assay using Vero E6 cell line. Isolated phytoconstituents and remdesivir are assessed for in-silico anti-COVID-19 activity using molecular docking tools. The methylene chloride extract showed pronounced virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 (IC50 = 1.76 μg/ml). It was also shown that ricinine had superior potential activity against SARS-CoV-2, (IC50 = 2.5 μg/ml). Lupeol displayed the most potency against MERS, (IC50 = 5.28 μg/ml). Ricinine appeared to be the most biologically active compound. The study showed that R. communis and its isolated compounds have potential natural virucidal activity against SARS-COV-2; however, additional exploration is necessary and study for their in vivo activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawah H Elkousy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11651, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab N A Said
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11754, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Abu El Wafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11651, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Geck MS, Lecca D, Marchese G, Casu L, Leonti M. Ethnomedicine and neuropsychopharmacology in Mesoamerica. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114243. [PMID: 34129899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The burden of disease caused by mental and neurological disorders is increasing globally, to a disproportionate degree in Latin America. In contrast to the many psychoactive plants with a use history in Mesoamerican cultures, the translation to the wider population of knowledge around numerous botanicals used contemporarily by indigenous Mesoamerican societies to treat psychological and neurological disorders did not receive the same attention. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used the previously published Mesoamerican Medicinal Plant Database to extract species and associated botanical drugs used as treatments for illnesses associated with the nervous system by Mesoamerican cultures in Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico. With the critical use of published pharmacological literature, the cross-culturally most salient genera are systematically reviewed. RESULTS From 2188 plant taxa contained in the database 1324 are used as treatments for illnesses associated with the nervous system. The ethnomedical data was critically confronted with the available biomedical literature for the 58 cross-culturally most salient genera. For a considerable proportion of the frequently used taxa, preclinical data are available, mostly validating ethnomedicinal uses. CONCLUSION This quantitative approach facilitates the prioritization of taxa for future pre-clinical, clinical and treatment outcome studies and gives patients, practitioners, and legislators a fundamental framework of evidence, on which to base decisions regarding phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S Geck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy; Biovision - Foundation for Ecological Development, Heinrichstrasse 147, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Lecca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marchese
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology UOS of Cagliari National Research Council of Italy, Pula, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Casu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Chemical Profiling, Pharmacological Insights and In Silico Studies of Methanol Seed Extract of Sterculia foetida. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061135. [PMID: 34205007 PMCID: PMC8227630 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sterculia foetida, also known as jangli badam in Bangladesh, is a traditionally used plant that has pharmacological activities. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed to assess the metabolites in a methanolic extract of S. foetida seeds (MESF), and the cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anti-arthritics, analgesic, and antipyretic activities were examined using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico experiments. Quantitative studies were performed through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. The brine shrimp lethality bioassays and clot lysis were performed to investigate the cytotoxic and thrombolytic activities, respectively. The anti-arthritics activity was assessed using the albumin denaturation assay. Analgesic activity was determined using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and the formalin-induced paw-licking test. A molecular docking study was performed, and an online tool was used to perform ADME/T (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/toxicity) and PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances). GC-MS analysis identified 29 compounds in MESF, consisting primarily of phenols, terpenoids, esters, and other organic compounds. MESF showed moderate cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp and significant thrombolytic and anti-arthritics activities compared with the relative standards. The extract also showed a dose-dependent and significant analgesic and antipyretic activities. Docking studies showed that 1-azuleneethanol, acetate returned the best scores for the tested enzymes. These findings suggested that MESF represents a potent source of thrombolytic, anti-arthritic, analgesic, antipyretic agents with moderate cytotoxic effects.
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Elkousy RH, Said ZNA, Abd El-Baseer MA, Abu El Wafa SA. Antiviral activity of castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) leaf extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113878. [PMID: 33515683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ricinus communis L., commonly known as castor oil plant, is a precious traditional medicine with a history of thousands of years in the world. Castor oil plant has high traditional and medicinal values for treating liver infections, stomach ache, flatulence, constipation, inflammation, warts, colic, enteritis, fever, headache, and as a counter irritant. Its diverse phytochemicals have a wide range of valuable medicinal activities including hepatoprotective, anti-nociceptive, antioxidant, antiulcer, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, central analgesic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and wound healing activity. AIM OF THE WORK To provide a complete characterization of the composition of Ricinus communis leaves using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS) and different chromatographic techniques and to evaluate its antiviral potential using three mechanisms against three common viruses. MATERIALS AND METHODS R. communis leaves were extracted with 70% methanol and further partitioned with solvents of increasing polarities: petroleum ether, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The CH2Cl2 and n-butanol fractions were subjected to repeated chromatographic separation to isolate the phytochemicals, and their structures were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS was performed to determine the different phytochemicals in the ethyl acetate fraction. The antiviral activity of the extracts was investigated using the maximum nontoxic concentration of each against the challenge dose of the virus (CDV) and 1/10 and 1/100 dilutions of the CDV for Coxsackie B virus type 4 (COXB4), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and hepatitis A virus (HAV) using Vero cell cultures that were treated according to three protocols to test for anti-replicative, protective, and anti-infective antiviral activity. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT colorimetric assay and each experiment is repeated three times independently of each other. RESULTS R. communis leaves possessed antiviral activity. Evaluation of the anti-replicative activity showed that all extracts possessed high anti-replicative activity against HAV especially methanol and methylene chloride fractions and moderate activity against COXB4; butanol > methylene chloride and ethyl acetate > methanol. All extracts showed protective activity against HAV, especially butanol extract, while methanol extracts showed higher non-significant antiviral protective activity against HSV1 vs Acyclovir. Almost no anti-infective effects were recorded for any extract against the studied viruses. CONCLUSION The discriminatory effect against each virus by different mechanisms suggests the presence of different chemical compounds. The alkaloid and phenolic derivatives of the extracts of R. communis leaves may help develop a drug to prevent or treat common viral infections. Further investigations are recommended to define the bioactive antiviral properties of R. communis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawah H Elkousy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11651, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab N A Said
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11754, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abd El-Baseer
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science (for Boys), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 13129, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Abu El Wafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11651, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ayatollahi A, Firooz A, Lotfali E, Mojab F, Fattahi M. Herbal Therapy for the Management of Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 16:209-226. [PMID: 35026970 DOI: 10.2174/2772434416666211029113213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD) are similar skin conditions with different degrees ofseverity. Since the current therapies cannot remove dandruff efficiently, herbal extracts with better effectiveness and fewer side effects are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs, the use of natural products and traditional medicine has significantly increased over the past few decades. Therefore, in this review, we reported the herbs used as anti-dandruff agents in traditional medicine worldwide. METHODS The review was conducted on the literature available on the medicinal utility of certain plants as anti-dandruff agents using PubMed and Google Scholar and the following search terms: Dandruff and plants or medicinal plant and dandruff treatment, and essential oil and dandruff. RESULTS Since the current therapies cannotefficiently remove dandruff, herbal extracts with better effectiveness and fewer side effects are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Nowadays, there are numerous different types of herbal antidandruff shampoos. They are effective and safe without the side effects of chemical agents. Recently, herbal medicine has attracted a great deal of scientific attention. Clinical evidence on the therapeutic effects of herbal products has resulted in the study of far more herbs for their therapeutic roles. CONCLUSION Herbal therapy plays a significant role in the development of favorable therapeutics, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. However, the major challenges in this regard include finding compounds with satisfactorily lower MICs, low toxicity, and high bioavailability for effective and safe use in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Ayatollahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Alireza Firooz
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Ensieh Lotfali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Faraz Mojab
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Mahsa Fattahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
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Bristy TA, Barua N, Montakim Tareq A, Sakib SA, Etu ST, Chowdhury KH, Jyoti MA, Aziz MAI, Reza AA, Caiazzo E, Romano B, Tareq SM, Emran TB, Capasso R. Deciphering the Pharmacological Properties of Methanol Extract of Psychotria calocarpa Leaves by In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E183. [PMID: 32781707 PMCID: PMC7463710 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of Psychotria calocarpa leaves (MEPC). In anxiolytic activity testing of MEPC by elevated plus maze test, hole-board test and light-dark test, the extract exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of anxiety while the open field test observed a decreased locomotion. The administration of MEPC revealed a significant dose-dependent reduction of depressant behavior in forced swimming and tail suspension test. Additionally, the antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activity exposed a significant reduction of nociception and diarrheal behavior at the highest dose. In addition, a strong antioxidant activity was observed in DPPH-free radical-scavenging assay (IC50 = 461.05 μg/mL), total phenol content (118.31 ± 1.12 mg) and total flavonoid content (100.85 ± 0.97 mg). The significant clot-lysis activity was also observed with moderate toxicity (LC50 = 247.92 μg/mL) level in the lethality assay of brine shrimp. Moreover, in silico molecular docking study showed that the compound Psychotriasine could offer promising active site interactions for binding proteins. Furthermore, ADME/T and toxicological properties of the compound satisfied the Lipinski's rule of five and Veber rules for drug-like potential and toxicity level. Overall, MEPC had a potential neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activity that warranted further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Akter Bristy
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Niloy Barua
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Shahenur Alam Sakib
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
| | - Saida Tasnim Etu
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Kamrul Hasan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Mifta Ahmed Jyoti
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Md. Arfin Ibn Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Caiazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II via Domenico Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.C.); (B.R.)
| | - Barbara Romano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II via Domenico Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.C.); (B.R.)
| | - Syed Mohammed Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh; (T.A.B.); (N.B.); (A.M.T.); (S.T.E.); (K.H.C.); (M.A.J.); (M.A.I.A.); (A.S.M.A.R.)
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Geck MS, Cristians S, Berger-González M, Casu L, Heinrich M, Leonti M. Traditional Herbal Medicine in Mesoamerica: Toward Its Evidence Base for Improving Universal Health Coverage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1160. [PMID: 32848768 PMCID: PMC7411306 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of health care in Mesoamerica is influenced by its rich cultural diversity and characterized by social inequalities. Especially indigenous and rural communities confront diverse barriers to accessing formal health services, leading to often conflicting plurimedical systems. Fostering integrative medicine is a fundamental pillar for achieving universal health coverage (UHC) for marginalized populations. Recent developments toward health sovereignty in the region are concerned with assessing the role of traditional medicines, and particularly herbal medicines, to foster accessible and culturally pertinent healthcare provision models. In Mesoamerica, as in most regions of the world, a wealth of information on traditional and complementary medicine has been recorded. Yet these data are often scattered, making it difficult for policy makers to regulate and integrate traditionally used botanical products into primary health care. This critical review is based on a quantitative analysis of 28 survey papers focusing on the traditional use of botanical drugs in Mesoamerica used for the compilation of the "Mesoamerican Medicinal Plant Database" (MAMPDB), which includes a total of 12,537 use-records for 2188 plant taxa. Our approach presents a fundamental step toward UHC by presenting a pharmacological and toxicological review of the cross-culturally salient plant taxa and associated botanical drugs used in traditional medicine in Mesoamerica. Especially for native herbal drugs, data about safety and effectiveness are limited. Commonly used cross-culturally salient botanical drugs, which are considered safe but for which data on effectiveness is lacking constitute ideal candidates for treatment outcome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S. Geck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Biovision – Foundation for Ecological Development, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sol Cristians
- Botanical Garden, Institute of Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Berger-González
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Heath, Swiss TPH, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Casu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Barua N, Ibn Aziz MA, Tareq AM, Sayeed MA, Alam N, Alam NU, Uddin MA, Lyzu C, Emran TB. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of pharmacological activities of Adenia trilobata (Roxb.). Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 23:100772. [PMID: 32551370 PMCID: PMC7292905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenia trilobata, locally known as akandaphal in Bangladesh, has some traditional uses. Leaves and stems extracted with pure methanol (MEATL, MEATS) and fractioned by n-hexane (NFATL, NFATS), which was subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of four extracts showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, flavonol, and saponins. All four extracts of A. trilobata, exhibited a strong antioxidant activity while a moderately (MEATS = 328 μg/mL) to weakly toxic (NFATL = 616.85 μg/mL) LC50 observed in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. In thrombolytic test, MEATL (18.54 ± 2.18%; P < 0.01) and MEATS (25.58 ± 4.76%; P < 0.0001) showed significant percentage of clot lysis in human blood. The in vivo analgesic activity carried by acetic acid test and formalin test, while the antidiarrheal activity assayed by two standard methods e.g., castor oil-induced diarrhea and castor oil-induced gastrointestinal motility. Both, in vivo model, showed an extremely significant (P < 0.0001) dose-dependent manner percentage of inhibition in comparison to the control group. Present results suggested, A. trilobata could be a potential source for antioxidative, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, analgesic, antidiarrheal agents which require further study to identify the mechanism of A. trilobata. Detection of different plant metabolites in extracts of different plant parts. Strong antioxidant activity was found for all four extracts. Moderate to weakly toxic LC50 observed in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A significant percentage of clot lysis in human blood was perceived. Extremely significant analgesic and antidiarrheal activity was found.
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Key Words
- A. trilobata
- A. trilobata, Adenia trilobata
- ANOVA, Analysis of variance
- Analgesic activity
- Antidiarrheal
- Antioxidant
- Cytotoxic
- DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl
- FCR, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent
- IC50, 50% inhibitory concentration
- IP, intraperitoneal
- LC50, 50% lethal concentration
- OS, oxidative stress
- SEM, standard error mean
- Thrombolytic
- UV, ultra-violet
- b.w., body weight
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Barua
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.,Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Arfin Ibn Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.,Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Aktar Sayeed
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Najmul Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.,Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Nobi Ul Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amran Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Chadni Lyzu
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Drug Discovery, GUSTO A Research Group, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
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Tareq AM, Farhad S, Neshar Uddin A, Hoque M, Nasrin MS, Uddin MMR, Hasan M, Sultana A, Munira MS, Lyzu C, Moazzem Hossen S, Ali Reza A, Emran TB. Chemical profiles, pharmacological properties, and in silico studies provide new insights on Cycas pectinata. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04061. [PMID: 32529070 PMCID: PMC7283161 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the phytochemical components of Cycas pectinata methanol extract (MECP), along with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, locomotor, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH scavenging assay and the total phenol and total flavonoid contents, while the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by a protein denaturation assay. The in vivo locomotor effects were examined using the open field test and hole-cross test. The anxiolytic effect was examined using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, hole-board test (HBT), and light-dark test (LDT), while the analgesic activity was investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test. The antidiarrheal effect was evaluated by castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility. Ten bioactive compounds were selected on the basis of their biological activities and further investigated using in silico molecular docking simulation to correlate with the identified pharmacological properties. Additionally, the ADME properties of the compounds were evaluated according to their drug-likeness profile. MECP had a maximum total phenol content of 209.85 ± 3.40 gallic acid equivalents/g extract and a total flavonoid content of 105.17 ± 3.45 quercetin equivalents/g extract, with an IC50 value of 631.44 μg/mL. MECP (62.5-500 μg/mL) elicited 20.96-38.12% decreased protein denaturation compared to diclofenac sodium (65.40-83.50%), while a 35.72% (P < 0.001) clot lysis activity was observed for the 10 mg/mL concentration. MECP induced a dose-dependent reduction in locomotor activity, with a significant anxiolytic effect. In the analgesic test, MECP (200, 400 mg/kg) showed a 45.12% and 58.82% inhibition in analgesia, and the 400 mg/kg dose elicited a 27.5% inhibition in intestinal motility. These findings suggest that MECP might be effective in treating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological defects, but this requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
- Society for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Chawkbazar, 4203, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saifuddin Farhad
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - A.B.M. Neshar Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Muminul Hoque
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Samima Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mir Md. Rokib Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohiminul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Arafat Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | | | - Chadni Lyzu
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - S.M. Moazzem Hossen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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11
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Ghramh HA, Khan KA, Ibrahim EH, Setzer WN. Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Using Ricinus communis Leaf Ethanol Extract, Their Characterization, and Biological Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E765. [PMID: 31109084 PMCID: PMC6567088 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the collective biological properties of Ricinus communis ethanol leaf extract (RcExt) and extract-fabricated gold nanoparticles (RcExt-AuNPs). AuNPs were synthesized using RcExt. Fingerprint data of the biochemicals putatively found in RcExt were obtained using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet-visible (HPLC/UV-VIS) analyses. RcExt-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier- transform infrared radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy. Cytotoxic activity on the Hela and HepG2 tumor cell lines was tested through cell viability, antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens through a well diffusion assay, hemolytic activity on red blood cells through absorbance reading, and stimulatory/inhibitory effects on splenic cells by cell viability. AuNPs of 200 nm size were synthesized. GC-MS/MS analysis revealed 12 peaks and HPLC/UV-VIS analysis resulted in 18, 13, and five peaks at the wavelengths of 220, 254, and 300 nm, respectively. Cytotoxicity screening revealed that RcExt had stimulatory effects (6.08%) on Hela cells and an inhibitory effect (-28.33%) on HepG2 cells, whereas RcExt-AuNPs showed inhibitory effects (-58.64% and -42.74%) on Hela and HepG2 cells, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of RcExt-AuNPs against tested pathogens was significantly higher (average diameters of inhibition zones were higher (ranging from 9.33 mm to 16.33 mm)) than those of RcExt (ranging from 6.00 mm to 7.33 mm). RcExt and RcExt-AuNPs showed 4.15% and 100% lytic effects, respectively. Inhibitory effects on splenic cells for RcExt-AuNPs were observed to be significantly higher (-30.56% to -72.62%) than those of RcExt (-41.55% to -62.25%) between concentrations of 25 to 200 µg/mL. RcExt-AuNPs were inhibitory against HepG2 and Hela cells, while RcExt inhibited HepG2 but stimulated Hela cells. RcExt-AuNPs showed comparatively more antimicrobial activity. RcExt was safe while RcExt-AuNPs harmful to red blood cells (RBCs). RcExt and RcExt-AuNPs showed inhibitory effects on splenic cells irrespective of dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo 12611, Egypt.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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Shobha N, Nanda N, Giresha AS, Manjappa P, P S, Dharmappa KK, Nagabhushana BM. Synthesis and characterization of Zinc oxide nanoparticles utilizing seed source of Ricinus communis and study of its antioxidant, antifungal and anticancer activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 97:842-850. [PMID: 30678976 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles have been synthesized using solution combustion technique and its antioxidant, antifungal, anticancer activity was studied. Ricinus communis plant seed extract used as fuel in synthesis by the solution combustion technique. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) demonstrates the arrangement of a crystalline hexagonal stage (ICDD card number 89-1397) with space aggregate P63mc (186) and cell parameters a = b = 3.253, c = 5.213 Å. The normal crystallite measure is 20 nm which is ascertained by Debye - Scherer's formula. The Purity of the sample and metal to oxygen bond development was affirmed by utilizing Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the particle size and shape was confirmed by HRTEM. Antifungal action of ZnO NPs was studied against Aspergillus and Penicillium by well dispersion strategy. The antifungal activity shows that ZnO NPs constitute as an effective fungicidal agent against both Aspergillus (4 ± 0.5 mm) and Penicillium (3 mm ± 0.4 mm) at 30 μg/mL fixation. ZnO nanoparticles were subjected to antioxidant activity. The objective of the study was to analyze the anticancer property of ZnO NPs on MDA-MB 231 cancer cells. To check the efficacy of the synthesized drug ZnO NPs MTT assay was performed, that determines % viability and/or cytotoxicity. IC50 of ZnO NPs in case of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer was 7.103 μg/mL. Anticancer outcome demonstrates that ZnO NPs is active against in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shobha
- Department of Chemistry, Maharanis' Science College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 001, India; Department Studies and Research in Chemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka, 572 103, India; Department of Chemistry, BMS Engineering college, BMS Academy of Science and Research, Bull temple Road, Bangalore, 560 019, India.
| | - N Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, BMS Engineering college, BMS Academy of Science and Research, Bull temple Road, Bangalore, 560 019, India; Department of Chemistry, BMS College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 004, India
| | | | - Praveen Manjappa
- Department of Chemistry, MSRIT, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 054, India
| | - Sophiya P
- Department of Biochemistry, P.G-Centre, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, 571 232, India
| | - K K Dharmappa
- Department of Biochemistry, P.G-Centre, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, 571 232, India
| | - B M Nagabhushana
- Department of Chemistry, MSRIT, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 054, India
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Involvement of opioid receptors in antinociceptive activity of semi purified fraction and β-amyrin isolated from Ricinus communis Linn. leaves in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-017-0285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Hashempur MH, Khademi F, Rahmanifard M, Zarshenas MM. An Evidence-Based Study on Medicinal Plants for Hemorrhoids in Medieval Persia. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:969-981. [PMID: 29228790 PMCID: PMC5871264 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216688597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhoids is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. There are several therapeutic options associated with some complications. Therefore, researchers look for traditional medicines as a potential resource for introduction of new natural drugs. The current study reports an evidence-based review of herbal remedies for hemorrhoids in traditional Persian medicine. A comprehensive survey about hemorrhoids on the most important manuscripts of traditional Persian medicine was done. Then, scientific data banks were searched for possible related properties of each herb in the conventional medicine. We reported some historical aspects of traditional Persian medicine view on classification, examination, and predisposing factors of hemorrhoids. In addition, we have reported 105 medicinal plants belonging to 51 families. More than half of the reported herbs exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Although lack of human studies regarding the mentioned herbs is noted, positive results from experimental findings can be considered for new drug discovery supported by traditional and medieval experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khademi
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rahmanifard
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Hossain MM, Kabir MSH, Dinar MAM, Arman MSI, Rahman MM, Hosen SMZ, Dash R, Uddin MMN. Antidiarrheal and antinociceptive activities of ethanol extract and its chloroform and pet ether fraction of Phrynium imbricatum (Roxb.) leaves in mice. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:483-492. [PMID: 28771432 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal and antinociceptive activities of ethanol extract and its chloroform and pet ether fraction of Phrynium imbricatum (Roxb.) leaves in mice. METHODS In the present study, the dried leaves of P. imbricatum were subjected to extraction with ethanol, and then it was fractioned by chloroform and pet ether solvent. Antidiarrheal effects were tested by using castor oil-induced diarrhea, castor oil-induced enteropooling, and gastrointestinal transit test. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking test. RESULTS The standard drug loperamide (5 mg/kg) showed significant (p<0.001) inhibitory activity against castor oil-induced diarrhea, in which all the examined treatments decreased the frequency of defecation and were found to possess an anti-castor oil-induced enteropooling effect in mice by reducing both weight and volume of intestinal content significantly, and reducing the propulsive movement in castor oil-induced gastrointestinal transit using charcoal meal in mice. The results showed that the ethanol extract of P. imbricatum leaves has significant dose-dependent antinociceptive activity, and among its two different fractions, the pet ether fraction significantly inhibited the abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and the licking times in formalin test at both phases. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of a new antinociceptive drug and slightly suitable for diarrhea, as it exhibited lower activity. Our observations resemble previously published data on P. imbricatum leaves.
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Huang F, Bao C, Peng M, Zhu G, He Z, Chen X, Luo R, Zhao Y. Chromatographic analysis of fatty acid composition in differently sized seeds of castor accessions. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1053410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Chaudhary V, Bano S, Kumar P, Narula MK, Anand R. Hepatic cysticercosis: a rare entity. ABDOMINAL IMAGING 2014; 39:1182-1185. [PMID: 24806312 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-014-0152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic cysticercosis is a very rare entity; only four cases have been reported to date. High-resolution ultrasonography of the abdomen is the initial and most reliable modality for evaluation of hepatic cysticercosis. Medical therapy is the mainstay of treatment. We report a case of hepatic cysticercosis in a 28-year-old male who presented with right upper quadrant pain, fever, and jaundice. The article also describes the imaging patterns of hepatic cysticercosis based on different stages of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Chaudhary
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Model Hospital, Sector-9A, Gurgaon, 122001, Haryana, India,
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In Vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) Leaf Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:625961. [PMID: 25477994 PMCID: PMC4248555 DOI: 10.1155/2014/625961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ricinus communis has been utilized traditionally as medicine to treat inflammatory related diseases including wounds, sores, and boils. The leaves of R. communis were sequentially extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, and methanol using serial exhaustive extraction method. Antioxidant activity of all crude extracts was quantitatively measured against 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radical molecules using ABTS+ assay. Cytotoxic effect and anti-inflammatory activity of R. communis leaves extracts were evaluated on Human Caucasian skin fibroblast and Raw 264.7 macrophage cell lines, respectively. Methanol extract had the highest percentage free radical (ABTS+) scavenging activity of 95% at 2.50 mg/mL, acetone 91%, dichloromethane 62%, and hexane the least (50%). Percentage scavenging activity of ABTS+ free radical molecules increases with increase in concentrations of the plant extracts. Hexane and dichloromethane extracts had more than 90% cell viability at 100 µg/mL after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. Methanol extract had LC50 of 784 µg/mL after 24-hour exposure, hexane had 629.3 µg/mL and dichloromethane 573.6 µg/mL, and 544.6 µg/mL was the lowest with acetone extract. The study present the first report on the scavenging activity of R. communis leaf extracts against ABTS+ radicals and cytotoxic effects on human Caucasian skin fibroblast cell lines.
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de Boer HJ, Cotingting C. Medicinal plants for women's healthcare in southeast Asia: a meta-analysis of their traditional use, chemical constituents, and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:747-67. [PMID: 24269772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This is an extensive review of plants used traditionally for women's healthcare in Southeast Asia and surrounding countries. Medicinal plants have a significant role in women's healthcare in many rural areas of the world. Plants with numerous efficacious observations have historically been used as a starting point in the development of new drugs, and a large percentage of modern pharmaceuticals have been derived from medicinal plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review was conducted for all plant use mentioned specifically for female healthcare, such as medicine to increase fertility, induce menstruation or abortion, ease pregnancy and parturition, reduce menstrual bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage, alleviate menstrual, parturition and postpartum pain, increase or inhibit lactation, and treat mastitis and uterine prolapse, in 200 studies focusing on medicinal plant use, either general studies or studies focusing specifically on women's healthcare. RESULTS Nearly 2000 different plant species are reported to be used in over 5000 combinations. Most common are Achyranthes aspera, Artemisia vulgaris, Blumea balsamifera, Carica papaya, Curcuma longa, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Leonurus japonicus, Psidium guajava and Ricinus communis, and each of these species had been reported in more than 10 different scientific articles. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a basis for traditional plant use in women's healthcare, and these species can be used as the starting point in the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J de Boer
- Department of Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, NHN Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, P.O. Box 9514, The Netherlands; Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Crystle Cotingting
- Department of Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
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Nirmal P, Koppikar S, Bhondave P, Narkhede A, Nagarkar B, Kulkarni V, Wagh N, Kulkarni O, Harsulkar A, Jagtap S. Influence of Six Medicinal Herbs on Collagenase-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:1407-25. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal herbs have been effectively used for their anti-inflammatory activity, but their exact role has not yet been documented in scientific literature for the management of Osteoarthritis (OA). Since Sida cordifolia L., Piper longum L., Zingiber officinale Rosc., Ricinus communis L., Vitex negundo L. and Tribulus terrestris L. have been widely used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory activity, to evaluate anti-osteoarthritic activity of these herbs, we used a collagenase type II-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA) rat model. Arthritis was induced in wistar rats by intra-articular injection of collagenase type II. Powders of herbs were given orally for 20 days as a suspension in water (270 mg/kg b. wt.). The effects of the treatment in the rats were monitored by physiological parameters like body weight, knee diameter, paw retraction, paw volume, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release, radiography and histopathology of knee joint. Selected herbs have significantly prevented body weight loss and knee swelling compared to arthritic control (CIOA). All test groups, including indomethacin (standard drug, 3 mg/kg), significantly reduced paw volume compared to CIOA. GAG release in the serum was significantly lowered in herb treated groups compared to indomethacin. The anterior posterior radiographs of S. cordifolia and P. longum treated groups showed a protective effect against OA. Histopathology revealed protection in the structure of the articular cartilage and in chondrocyte pathology as well as reduced clefting. Treatment with herbs has shown chondroid matrix within normal limits. From the results, we observed that S. cordifolia and P. longum possess potent anti-osteoarthritic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Nirmal
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Soumya Koppikar
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Prashant Bhondave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune 411 023, India
| | - Aarti Narkhede
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Bhagyashri Nagarkar
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Vinayak Kulkarni
- OM Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Pathology and Microbiology, Sadashiv Peth, Pune 411 030, India
| | - Narendrakumar Wagh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Katraj, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Omkar Kulkarni
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
| | - Abhay Harsulkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune 411 023, India
| | - Suresh Jagtap
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India
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Rahman MM, Chowdhury MAU, Uddin ME, Islam AMT, Hossain MA. Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.): Anti-nociceptive and antioxidant activity. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of crude extracts of Ipomoea involucrata leaves in mice and rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2011; 4:121-4. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 11/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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23
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Sun X, Lan C. Study on the expression of Runx3 and TGF-β1 protein in the colonic tissue from rats with irritable bowel syndrome. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2011; 4:88-91. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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