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Du Y, Liu Q, Du J, Shao B, Wang C, Liu Y, Shi Y, Wang P, Li Z, Liu J, Li G. Association between household and outdoor air pollution and risk for metabolic syndrome among women in Beijing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2830-2842. [PMID: 37972108 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2275658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study explored whether household and outdoor air pollution is associated with a greater risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women. In all 11,860 women who cooked with clean energy were included in the analysis. Cooking frequency, range hood use during cooking, passive smoking exposure, and solid fuel use for heating were used to represent household air pollution. The 2-year average concentration of PM2.5, and face mask usage were used to reflect outdoor air pollution exposure. An index of air pollution exposure was also constructed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between air pollution and risk for MetS, and a positive correlation was found. Our results indicated that household cooking used clean energy and exposure to a high level of outdoor PM2.5 without face mask usage may contribute to an increased risk for MetS among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Du
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Shi
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Information and Statistics, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
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2
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Parvizi K, Menya D, Nix E, Mangeni J, Lorenzetti F, Sang E, Anderson de Cuevas R, Tawiah T, Baame M, Betang E, Ronzi S, Twumasi M, Amenga-Etego S, Quansah R, Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Puzzolo E, Asante KP, Pope D, Shupler M. Burden of headaches, eye irritation and respiratory symptoms among females stacking LPG with polluting cooking fuels: Modelling from peri-urban Cameroon, Ghana & Kenya. ENERGY NEXUS 2024; 14:None. [PMID: 38952437 PMCID: PMC11177547 DOI: 10.1016/j.nexus.2024.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a clean cooking fuel that emits less household air pollution (HAP) than polluting cooking fuels (e.g. charcoal, wood). While switching from polluting fuels to LPG can reduce HAP and improve health, the impact of 'stacking' (concurrent use of polluting fuels and LPG) on adverse health symptoms (e.g. headaches, eye irritation, cough) among female cooks is uncertain. Methods Survey data from the CLEAN-Air(Africa) study was collected on cooking patterns and health symptoms over the last 12 months (cough, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, eye irritation, headaches) from approximately 400 female primary cooks in each of three peri‑urban communities in sub-Saharan Africa: Mbalmayo, Cameroon; Obuasi, Ghana; and Eldoret, Kenya. Random effects Poisson regression, adjusted for socioeconomic and health-related covariates, assessed the relationship between primary and secondary cooking fuel type and self-reported health symptoms. Results Among 1,147 participants, 10 % (n = 118) exclusively cooked with LPG, 45 % (n = 509) stacked LPG and polluting fuels and 45 % (n = 520) exclusively cooked with polluting fuels. Female cooks stacking LPG and polluting fuels had significantly higher odds of shortness of breath (OR 2.16, 95 %CI:1.04-4.48) compared with those exclusively using LPG. In two communities, headache prevalence was 30 % higher among women stacking LPG with polluting fuels (Mbalmayo:82 %; Eldoret:65 %) compared with those exclusively using LPG (Mbalmayo:53 %; Eldoret:33 %). Women stacking LPG and polluting fuels (OR 2.45, 95 %CI:1.29-4.67) had significantly higher odds of eye irritation than women cooking exclusively with LPG. Second-hand smoke exposure was significantly associated with higher odds of chest tightness (OR 1.92, 95 % CI:1.19-3.11), wheezing (OR 1.76, 95 % CI:1.06-2.91) and cough (OR 1.78, 95 %CI:1.13-2.80). Conclusions In peri‑urban sub-Saharan Africa, women exclusively cooking with LPG had lower odds of several health symptoms than those stacking LPG and polluting fuels. Promoting a complete transition to LPG in these communities may likely generate short-term health benefits for primary cooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Parvizi
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Menya
- School of Public Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Emily Nix
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Federico Lorenzetti
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Edna Sang
- School of Public Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara Ronzi
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Elisa Puzzolo
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel Pope
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Shupler
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
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3
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Campbell D, Johnson M, Piedrahita R, Pillarisetti A, Waller LA, Kearns KA, Kremer J, Mollinedo E, Sarnat JA, Clark ML, Underhill LJ, McCracken JP, Diaz-Artiga A, Steenland K, Rosa G, Kirby MA, Balakrishnan K, Sambandam S, Mukhopadhyay K, Sendhil S, Natarajan A, Ndagijimana F, Dusabimana E, Thompson LM, Checkley W, Nicolaou L, Hartinger S, Peel JL, Clasen TF, Naeher LP. Factors Determining Black Carbon Exposures among Pregnant Women Enrolled in the HAPIN Trial. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10162-10174. [PMID: 38810212 PMCID: PMC11171448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Residential biomass burning is an important source of black carbon (BC) exposure among rural communities in low- and middle-income countries. We collected 7165 personal BC samples and individual/household level information from 3103 pregnant women enrolled in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network trial. Women in the intervention arm received free liquefied petroleum gas stoves and fuel throughout pregnancy; women in the control arm continued the use of biomass stoves. Median (IQR) postintervention BC exposures were 9.6 μg/m3 (5.2-14.0) for controls and 2.8 μg/m3 (1.6-4.8) for the intervention group. Using mixed models, we characterized predictors of BC exposure and assessed how exposure contrasts differed between arms by select predictors. Primary stove type was the strongest predictor (R2 = 0.42); the models including kerosene use, kitchen location, education, occupation, or stove use hours also provided additional explanatory power from the base model adjusted only for the study site. Our full, trial-wide, model explained 48% of the variation in BC exposures. We found evidence that the BC exposure contrast between arms differed by study site, adherence to the assigned study stove, and whether the participant cooked. Our findings highlight factors that may be addressed before and during studies to implement more impactful cookstove intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan
A. Campbell
- University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Benchmark
Risk Group, Chicago, Illinois 60601, United States
| | - Michael Johnson
- Berkeley
Air Monitoring Group, Berkeley, California 94701, United States
| | - Ricardo Piedrahita
- Berkeley
Air Monitoring Group, Berkeley, California 94701, United States
| | - Ajay Pillarisetti
- Environmental
Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lance A. Waller
- Department
of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 80521, United States
| | - Katherine A. Kearns
- University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Berkeley
Air Monitoring Group, Berkeley, California 94701, United States
| | - Jacob Kremer
- University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | | | - Jeremy A. Sarnat
- Department
of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 80521, United States
| | - Maggie L. Clark
- Department
of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Lindsay J. Underhill
- Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - John P. McCracken
- University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Center
for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle
de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala 01015, United States
| | - Anaité Diaz-Artiga
- Center
for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle
de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala 01015, United States
| | - Kyle Steenland
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ghislaine Rosa
- Department
of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University
of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, U.K.
| | - Miles A. Kirby
- Department
of Global Health and Population, Harvard
T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air quality, Climate
and Health,
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600001, India
| | - Sankar Sambandam
- ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air quality, Climate
and Health,
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600001, India
| | - Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay
- ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air quality, Climate
and Health,
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600001, India
| | - Saritha Sendhil
- ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air quality, Climate
and Health,
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600001, India
| | - Amudha Natarajan
- ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air quality, Climate
and Health,
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600001, India
| | | | | | - Lisa M. Thompson
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - William Checkley
- Center for
Global Non-Communicable Diseases, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Division
of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Laura Nicolaou
- Center for
Global Non-Communicable Diseases, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Division
of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Stella Hartinger
- Center for
Global Non-Communicable Diseases, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Division
of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Peel
- Department
of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Thomas F. Clasen
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Luke P. Naeher
- University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Lai PS, Lam NL, Gallery B, Lee AG, Adair-Rohani H, Alexander D, Balakrishnan K, Bisaga I, Chafe ZA, Clasen T, Díaz-Artiga A, Grieshop A, Harrison K, Hartinger SM, Jack D, Kaali S, Lydston M, Mortimer KM, Nicolaou L, Obonyo E, Okello G, Olopade C, Pillarisetti A, Pinto AN, Rosenthal JP, Schluger N, Shi X, Thompson C, Thompson LM, Volckens J, Williams KN, Balmes J, Checkley W, Ozoh OB. Household Air Pollution Interventions to Improve Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:909-927. [PMID: 38619436 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202402-0398st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: An estimated 3 billion people, largely in low- and middle-income countries, rely on unclean fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting to meet household energy needs. The resulting exposure to household air pollution (HAP) is a leading cause of pneumonia, chronic lung disease, and other adverse health effects. In the last decade, randomized controlled trials of clean cooking interventions to reduce HAP have been conducted. We aim to provide guidance on how to interpret the findings of these trials and how they should inform policy makers and practitioners.Methods: We assembled a multidisciplinary working group of international researchers, public health practitioners, and policymakers with expertise in household air pollution from within academia, the American Thoracic Society, funders, nongovernmental organizations, and global organizations, including the World Bank and the World Health Organization. We performed a literature search, convened four sessions via web conference, and developed consensus conclusions and recommendations via the Delphi method.Results: The committee reached consensus on 14 conclusions and recommendations. Although some trials using cleaner-burning biomass stoves or cleaner-cooking fuels have reduced HAP exposure, the committee was divided (with 55% saying no and 45% saying yes) on whether the studied interventions improved measured health outcomes.Conclusions: HAP is associated with adverse health effects in observational studies. However, it remains unclear which household energy interventions reduce exposure, improve health, can be scaled, and are sustainable. Researchers should engage with policy makers and practitioners working to scale cleaner energy solutions to understand and address their information needs.
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Gould CF, Bailis R, Balakrishnan K, Burke M, Espinoza S, Mehta S, Schlesinger SB, Suarez-Lopez JR, Pillarisetti A. In praise of fossil fuel subsidies (for cooking). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.10.26.23297550. [PMID: 37961585 PMCID: PMC10635205 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.23297550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Households that burn biomass in inefficient open fires - a practice that results in $1.6 trillion in global damages from health impacts and climate-altering emissions yearly - are often unable to access cleaner alternatives, like gas, which is widely available but unaffordable, or electricity, which is unattainable for many due to insufficient supply and reliability of electricity services. Governments are often reluctant to make gas affordable. We argue that condemnation of all fossil fuel subsidies is short-sighted and does not adequately consider subsidizing gas for cooking as a potential strategy to improve public health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Gould
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego; San Diego, USA
| | - Rob Bailis
- Stockholm Environment Institute; Somerville, USA
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research; Chennai, India
| | - Marshall Burke
- Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University; Stanford, USA
- Center for Food, Security, and Environment, Stanford University; Stanford, USA
- National Bureau of Economic Research; Cambridge, USA
| | | | | | | | - José R. Suarez-Lopez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego; San Diego, USA
| | - Ajay Pillarisetti
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, USA
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6
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Brown R, Pepper G. The Relationship Between Perceived Uncontrollable Mortality Risk and Health Effort: Replication, Secondary Analysis, and Mini Meta-analysis. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:192-204. [PMID: 38190133 PMCID: PMC10858306 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Uncontrollable Mortality Risk Hypothesis (UMRH) states that those who are more likely to die due to factors beyond their control should be less motivated to invest in preventative health behaviors. Greater levels of perceived uncontrollable mortality risk (PUMR) have been associated with lower health effort in previous research, but the topic remains understudied. PURPOSE To examine the evidence for the UMRH by replicating a previous study investigating the effects of PUMR on social gradients in health effort, and conducting a mini meta-analysis of the overall relationship between PUMR and health effort. METHODS We replicated Pepper and Nettle (2014), who reported a negative relationship between PUMR and health effort, and that the positive effect of subjective socioeconomic position on health effort was explained away by PUMR. We also compared the predictive effect of PUMR on health effort with that of dimensions from the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale-a well-used measure of a similar construct, which is frequently found to be associated with health behavior. Finally, we conducted a mini meta-analysis of the relationship between PUMR and health effort from the available research. RESULTS PUMR was negatively associated with health effort, and mediated 24% of the total effect of subjective socioeconomic position on health effort, though this mediation effect was weaker than in Pepper and Nettle (2014). PUMR was shown to be a substantially stronger predictor of health effort than the relevant dimensions of the MHLC scale. Finally, our mini meta-analysis indicated a medium-sized negative relationship between PUMR and health effort. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offer support for the role of PUMR in mediating the relationship between subjective socioeconomic position and health effort. The results highlight the importance of measuring and understanding PUMR in studying socioeconomic inequalities in health behaviors. We discuss potential areas for future research, including determining the accuracy of PUMR, investigating influential cues, examining the role of media in shaping risk perceptions, and understanding individuals' awareness of their own perceptions of mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Brown
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Gillian Pepper
- Psychology Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
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7
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Shupler M, Tawiah T, Nix E, Baame M, Lorenzetti F, Betang E, Chartier R, Mangeni J, Upadhya A, Anderson de Cuevas R, Sang E, Piedrahita R, Johnson M, Wilson D, Amenga-Etego S, Twumasi M, Ronzi S, Menya D, Puzzolo E, Quansah R, Asante KP, Pope D, Mbatchou Ngahane BH. Household concentrations and female and child exposures to air pollution in peri-urban sub-Saharan Africa: measurements from the CLEAN-Air(Africa) study. Lancet Planet Health 2024; 8:e95-e107. [PMID: 38331535 PMCID: PMC10864747 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively clean cooking fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) emit less fine particulate matter (PM2·5) and carbon monoxide (CO) than polluting fuels (eg, wood, charcoal). Yet, some clean cooking interventions have not achieved substantial exposure reductions. This study evaluates determinants of between-community variability in exposures to household air pollution (HAP) across sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS In this measurement study, we recruited households cooking primarily with LPG or exclusively with wood or charcoal in peri-urban Cameroon, Ghana, and Kenya from previously surveyed households. In 2019-20, we conducted monitoring of 24 h PM2·5 and CO kitchen concentrations (n=256) and female cook (n=248) and child (n=124) exposures. PM2·5 measurements used gravimetric and light scattering methods. Stove use monitoring and surveys on cooking characteristics and ambient air pollution exposure (eg, walking time to main road) were also administered. FINDINGS The mean PM2·5 kitchen concentration was five times higher among households cooking with charcoal than those using LPG in the Kenyan community (297 μg/m3, 95% CI 216-406, vs 61 μg/m3, 49-76), but only 4 μg/m3 higher in the Ghanaian community (56 μg/m3, 45-70, vs 52 μg/m3, 40-68). The mean CO kitchen concentration in charcoal-using households was double the WHO guideline (6·11 parts per million [ppm]) in the Kenyan community (15·81 ppm, 95% CI 8·71-28·72), but below the guideline in the Ghanaian setting (1·77 ppm, 1·04-2·99). In all communities, mean PM2·5 cook exposures only met the WHO interim-1 target (35 μg/m3) among LPG users staying indoors and living more than 10 min walk from a road. INTERPRETATION Community-level variation in the relative difference in HAP exposures between LPG and polluting cooking fuel users in peri-urban sub-Saharan Africa might be attributed to differences in ambient air pollution levels. Thus, mitigation of indoor and outdoor PM2·5 sources will probably be critical for obtaining significant exposure reductions in rapidly urbanising settings of sub-Saharan Africa. FUNDING UK National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Shupler
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | | | - Emily Nix
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Federico Lorenzetti
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adithi Upadhya
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Edna Sang
- School of Public Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sara Ronzi
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Diana Menya
- School of Public Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Elisa Puzzolo
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Daniel Pope
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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8
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Lim S, Said B, Zurba L, Mosler G, Addo-Yobo E, Adeyeye OO, Arhin B, Evangelopoulos D, Fapohunda VT, Fortune F, Griffiths CJ, Hlophe S, Kasekete M, Lowther S, Masekela R, Mkutumula E, Mmbaga BT, Mujuru HA, Nantanda R, Mzati Nkhalamba L, Ngocho JS, Ojo OT, Owusu SK, Shaibu S, Ticklay I, Grigg J, Barratt B. Characterising sources of PM 2·5 exposure for school children with asthma: a personal exposure study across six cities in sub-Saharan Africa. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2024; 8:17-27. [PMID: 38000380 PMCID: PMC10716619 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is the second largest risk to health in Africa, and children with asthma are particularly susceptible to its effects. Yet, there is a scarcity of air pollution exposure data from cities in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to identify potential exposure reduction strategies for school children with asthma living in urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS This personal exposure study was part of the Achieving Control of Asthma in Children in Africa (ACACIA) project. Personal exposure to particulate matter (PM) was monitored in school children in six cities in sub-Saharan Africa (Blantyre, Malawi; Durban, South Africa; Harare, Zimbabwe; Kumasi, Ghana; Lagos, Nigeria; and Moshi, Tanzania). Participants were selected if they were aged 12-16 years and had symptoms of asthma. Monitoring was conducted between June 21, and Nov 26, 2021, from Monday morning (approximately 1000 h) to Friday morning (approximately 1000 h), by use of a bespoke backpack with a small air pollution monitoring unit with an inbuilt Global Positioning System (GPS) data logger. Children filled in a questionnaire detailing potential sources of air pollution during monitoring and exposures were tagged into three different microenvironments (school, commute, and home) with GPS coordinates. Mixed-effects models were used to identify the most important determinants of children's PM2·5 (PM <2·5 μm in diameter) exposure. FINDINGS 330 children were recruited across 43 schools; of these, 297 had valid monitoring data, and 1109 days of valid data were analysed. Only 227 (20%) of 1109 days monitored were lower than the current WHO 24 h PM2·5 exposure health guideline of 15 μg/m3. Children in Blantyre had the highest PM2·5 exposure (median 41·8 μg/m3), whereas children in Durban (16·0 μg/m3) and Kumasi (17·9 μg/m3) recorded the lowest exposures. Children had significantly higher PM2·5 exposures at school than at home in Kumasi (median 19·6 μg/m3vs 14·2 μg/m3), Lagos (32·0 μg/m3vs 18·0 μg/m3), and Moshi (33·1 μg/m3vs 23·6 μg/m3), while children in the other three cities monitored had significantly higher PM2·5 exposures at home and while commuting than at school (median 48·0 μg/m3 and 43·2 μg/m3vs 32·3 μg/m3 in Blantyre, 20·9 μg/m3 and 16·3 μg/m3vs 11·9 μg/m3 in Durban, and 22·7 μg/m3 and 25·4 μg/m3vs 16·4 μg/m3 in Harare). The mixed-effects model highlighted the following determinants for higher PM2·5 exposure: presence of smokers at home (23·0% higher exposure, 95% CI 10·8-36·4), use of coal or wood for cooking (27·1%, 3·9-56·3), and kerosene lamps for lighting (30·2%, 9·1-55·2). By contrast, 37·2% (95% CI 22·9-48·2) lower PM2·5 exposures were found for children who went to schools with paved grounds compared with those whose school grounds were covered with loose dirt. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that the most effective changes to reduce PM2·5 exposures in these cities would be to provide paving in school grounds, increase the use of clean fuel for cooking and light in homes, and discourage smoking within homes. The most efficient way to improve air quality in these cities would require tailored interventions to prioritise different exposure-reduction policies in different cities. FUNDING UK National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanon Lim
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bibie Said
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Kibong'oto Infectious Disease Hospital, Hai, Tanzania
| | | | - Gioia Mosler
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Addo-Yobo
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Olayinka Olufunke Adeyeye
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Dimitris Evangelopoulos
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Temitope Fapohunda
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Farida Fortune
- Centre for Oral immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Chris J Griffiths
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sbekezelo Hlophe
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Marian Kasekete
- University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Refiloe Masekela
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Blandina Theophil Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Hilda Angela Mujuru
- University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rebecca Nantanda
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere College of Health Sciences, Kampala Uganda
| | | | - James S Ngocho
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Oluwafemi Tunde Ojo
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Sunshine Shaibu
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Ticklay
- University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jonathan Grigg
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Barratt
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK; NIHR NPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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9
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Ahmed S, Chowdhury MAH, Kader SB, Shahriar MH, Begum BA, Eunus M, Sarwar G, Islam T, Alam DS, Parvez F, Raqib R, Ahsan H, Yunus M. Personal exposure to household air pollution and lung function in rural Bangladesh: A population-based cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:385-397. [PMID: 36436222 PMCID: PMC10220216 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2150150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We assessed whether personal exposure to household air pollution [PM2.5 and black carbon (BC)] is associated with lung functions (FEV1, FVC, and their ratio) in non-smoking adults in rural Bangladesh. We measured personal exposure to PM2.5 using gravimetric analysis of PM2.5 mass and BC by reflectance measurement between April 2016 and June 2019. The average 24-hour PM2.5 and BC concentration was 141.0μgm-3 and 13.8μgm-3 for females, and 91.7 μgm-3 and 10.1 μgm-3 for males, respectively. A 1 μgm-3 increase in PM2.5 resulted in a 0.02 ml reduction in FEV1, 0.43 ml reduction in FVC, and 0.004% reduction in FEV1/FVC. We also found a similar inverse relationship between BC and lung functions (9.6 ml decrease in FEV1 and 18.5 ml decrease in FVC per 1μgm-3 increase in BC). A higher proportion of non-smoking biomass fuel users (50.1% of the females and 46.7% of the males) had restrictive patterns of lung function abnormalities, which need further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyfuddin Ahmed
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Muhammad Ashique Haider Chowdhury
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Hasan Shahriar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UChicago Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Dewan S Alam
- Independent Global Health Epidemiologist, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UChicago Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Md Yunus
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Maternal and Child Health Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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10
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Chan KH, Xia X, Liu C, Kan H, Doherty A, Yim SHL, Wright N, Kartsonaki C, Yang X, Stevens R, Chang X, Sun D, Yu C, Lv J, Li L, Ho KF, Lam KBH, Chen Z. Characterising personal, household, and community PM 2.5 exposure in one urban and two rural communities in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166647. [PMID: 37647956 PMCID: PMC10804935 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooking and heating in households contribute importantly to air pollution exposure worldwide. However, there is insufficient investigation of measured fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure levels, variability, seasonality, and inter-spatial dynamics associated with these behaviours. METHODS We undertook parallel measurements of personal, household (kitchen and living room), and community PM2.5 in summer (May-September 2017) and winter (November 2017-Janauary 2018) in 477 participants from one urban and two rural communities in China. After stringent data cleaning, there were 67,326-80,980 person-hours (ntotal = 441; nsummer = 384; nwinter = 364; 307 had repeated PM2.5 data in both seasons) of processed data per microenvironment. Age- and sex-adjusted geometric means of PM2.5 were calculated by key participant characteristics, overall and by season. Spearman correlation coefficients between PM2.5 levels across different microenvironments were computed. FINDINGS Overall, 26.4 % reported use of solid fuel for both cooking and heating. Solid fuel users had 92 % higher personal and kitchen 24-h average PM2.5 exposure than clean fuel users. Similarly, they also had a greater increase (83 % vs 26 %) in personal and household PM2.5 from summer to winter, whereas community levels of PM2.5 were 2-4 times higher in winter across different fuel categories. Compared with clean fuel users, solid fuel users had markedly higher weighted annual average PM2.5 exposure at personal (78.2 [95 % CI 71.6-85.3] μg/m3 vs 41.6 [37.3-46.5] μg/m3), kitchen (102.4 [90.4-116.0] μg/m3 vs 52.3 [44.8-61.2] μg/m3) and living room (62.1 [57.3-67.3] μg/m3 vs 41.0 [37.1-45.3] μg/m3) microenvironments. There was a remarkable diurnal variability in PM2.5 exposure among the participants, with 5-min moving average from 10 μg/m3 to 700-1200 μg/m3 across different microenvironments. Personal PM2.5 was moderately correlated with living room (Spearman r: 0.64-0.66) and kitchen (0.52-0.59) levels, but only weakly correlated with community levels, especially in summer (0.15-0.34) and among solid fuel users (0.11-0.31). CONCLUSION Solid fuel use for cooking and heating was associated with substantially higher personal and household PM2.5 exposure than clean fuel users. Household PM2.5 appeared a better proxy of personal exposure than community PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Hung Chan
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Xi Xia
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, China
| | - Aiden Doherty
- Oxford British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, UK; National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK
| | - Steve Hung Lam Yim
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Neil Wright
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK; MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Stevens
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Sichuan CDC, China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, China
| | - Kin-Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Kin Bong Hubert Lam
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK; MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
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11
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Rahman MM, Franklin M, Jabin N, Sharna TI, Nower N, Alderete TL, Mhawish A, Ahmed A, Quaiyum MA, Salam MT, Islam T. Assessing household fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) through measurement and modeling in the Bangladesh cook stove pregnancy cohort study (CSPCS). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122568. [PMID: 37717899 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomass fuel burning is a significant contributor of household fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the low to middle income countries (LMIC) and assessing PM2.5 levels is essential to investigate exposure-related health effects such as pregnancy outcomes and acute lower respiratory infection in infants. However, measuring household PM2.5 requires significant investments of labor, resources, and time, which limits the ability to conduct health effects studies. It is therefore imperative to leverage lower-cost measurement techniques to develop exposure models coupled with survey information about housing characteristics. Between April 2017 and March 2018, we continuously sampled PM2.5 in three seasonal waves for approximately 48-h (range 46 to 52-h) in 74 rural and semi-urban households among the participants of the Bangladesh Cook Stove Pregnancy Cohort Study (CSPCS). Measurements were taken simultaneously in the kitchen, bedroom, and open space within the household. Structured questionnaires captured household-level information related to the sources of air pollution. With data from two waves, we fit multivariate mixed effect models to estimate 24-h average, cooking time average, daytime and nighttime average PM2.5 in each of the household locations. Households using biomass cookstoves had significantly higher PM2.5 concentrations than those using electricity/liquefied petroleum gas (626 μg/m3 vs. 213 μg/m3). Exposure model performances showed 10-fold cross validated R2 ranging from 0.52 to 0.76 with excellent agreement in independent tests against measured PM2.5 from the third wave of monitoring and ambient PM2.5 from a separate satellite-based model (correlation coefficient, r = 0.82). Significant predictors of household PM2.5 included ambient PM2.5, season, and types of fuel used for cooking. This study demonstrates that we can predict household PM2.5 with moderate to high confidence using ambient PM2.5 and household characteristics. Our results present a framework for estimating household PM2.5 exposures in LMICs, which are often understudied and underrepresented due to resource limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafijur Rahman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, USA.
| | - Meredith Franklin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Statistical Sciences and School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Nusrat Jabin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Tasnia Ishaque Sharna
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, (icddr,B), Bangladesh
| | - Noshin Nower
- Department of Statistical Sciences and School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Alaa Mhawish
- Sand and Dust Storm Warning Regional Center, National Center for Meteorology, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Anisuddin Ahmed
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, (icddr,B), Bangladesh
| | - M A Quaiyum
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, (icddr,B), Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad T Salam
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Talat Islam
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
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12
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Marchini T. Redox and inflammatory mechanisms linking air pollution particulate matter with cardiometabolic derangements. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:320-341. [PMID: 37852544 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Among the different components that are present in polluted air, fine particulate matter below 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) has been identified as the main hazardous constituent. PM2.5 mainly arises from fossil fuel combustion during power generation, industrial processes, and transportation. Exposure to PM2.5 correlates with enhanced mortality risk from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Over the last decade, it has been increasingly suggested that PM2.5 affects CVD already at the stage of risk factor development. Among the multiple biological mechanisms that have been described, the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation has been consistently highlighted as one of the main drivers of pulmonary, systemic, and cardiovascular effects of PM2.5 exposure. In this context, PM2.5 uptake by tissue-resident immune cells in the lung promotes oxidative and inflammatory mediators release that alter tissue homeostasis at remote locations. This pathway is central for PM2.5 pathogenesis and might account for the accelerated development of risk factors for CVD, including obesity and diabetes. However, transmission and end-organ mechanisms that explain PM2.5-induced impaired function in metabolic active organs are not completely understood. In this review, the main features of PM2.5 physicochemical characteristics related to PM2.5 ability to induce oxidative stress and inflammation will be presented. Hallmark and recent epidemiological and interventional studies will be summarized and discussed in the context of current air quality guidelines and legislation, knowledge gaps, and inequities. Lastly, mechanistic studies at the intersection between redox metabolism, inflammation, and function will be discussed, with focus on heart and adipose tissue alterations. By offering an integrated analysis of PM2.5-induced effects on cardiometabolic derangements, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and potential interventions of air pollution-related CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timoteo Marchini
- Vascular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Jiao X, Xiong R, Luo Z, Li Y, Cheng H, Rashid A, Shen G, Tao S. Household energy stacking and structures in Pakistan - Results from a multiple-energy study in Azad Kashmir and Punjab. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 133:152-160. [PMID: 37451784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Solid fuel use (SFU) is common in most developing countries and would release many hazardous air pollutants posing high risks on human health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study highlighted risks associated with household SFU in Pakistan, however, high uncertainties prevail because of scanty data on SFU and unaccounted energy stacking. This study conducted a field campaign aiming at collecting first-hand data on household energy mix in Pakistan. The first survey was in Punjab and Azad Kashmir, and revealed that stacked energy use was pervasive, especially for cooking. The stacking was found to be much more obvious in SFU households (defined as those using SFU dominantly) compared to those non-SFU. There were significantly substantial differences between Azad Kashmir and Punjab because of distinct resources available and economic conditions. Woody materials comprised up to nearly 70% in Azad Kashmir, but in Punjab, gas was frequently used for cooking. Only investigating primary household energy would probably overestimate main energy types that being used for a longer time but underestimated other supplements, suggesting the preference of multiple-energy surveys in household energy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Jiao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihan Luo
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yaojie Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Audil Rashid
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shu Tao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; College of Environmental Science and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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14
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Raqib R, Akhtar E, Ahsanul Haq M, Ahmed S, Haque F, Chowdhury MAH, Shahriar MH, Begum BA, Eunus M, Sarwar G, Parvez F, Sharker Y, Ahsan H, Yunus M. Reduction of household air pollution through clean fuel intervention and recovery of cellular immune balance. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 179:108137. [PMID: 37579572 PMCID: PMC11062205 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a clean fuel intervention trial (Bangladesh Global Environmental and Occupational Health (GEOHealth) (NCT02824237) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for 26 months among rural Bangladeshi women chronically exposed to household air pollution (HAP) from biomass fuel (BMF) use. We aimed to evaluate the effect of HAP reduction following LPG intervention on immune response outcome. METHODS We supplied LPG cook stove and refills in cylinder in 200 households for 26 months. We measured personal exposure to HAP [particulate matter 2.5 (PM2·5), black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO)] in 200 women (main cook) by personal monitors at pre- and post-intervention. Immune function was assessed before and after intervention, in blood collected within 2 weeks of HAP measurements. Primary endpoints included reduction in HAP, lymphocyte proliferation and oxidative stress response, and alterations in T and B cell proportions. FINDINGS Exclusive LPG use for 26 months resulted in significant reduction in PM2·5 (43.5%), BC (13%) and CO (48%) exposure in the women. For one unit decrease in BC, Treg cells and memory B cells increased by 7% and 34% respectively, in the peripheral circulation. One unit decrease in CO was significantly associated with increase in early B cells and plasmablasts by 66% and 5% respectively. For one unit decrease in BC, percent-dividing cells, proliferation and expansion indices increased by 2%, 0.4%, and 1%, respectively. INTERPRETATION Reduced personal exposure to HAP through clean fuel intervention was related to a return towards cellular immune balance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mahbub Eunus
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Sarwar
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA; U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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15
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Shao Y, Liu R, Yang J, Liu M, Fang W, Hu L, Bi J, Ma Z. Economic Growth Facilitates Household Fuel Use Transition to Reduce PM 2.5-Related Deaths in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12663-12673. [PMID: 37558636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient and indoor particle matter (PM2.5) leads to millions of premature deaths in China. In recent years, indoor air pollution and premature deaths associated with polluting fuel cooking demonstrate an abrupt decline. However, the driving forces behind the mortality change are still unclear due to the uncertainty in household fuel use prediction. Here, we propose an integrated approach to estimate the fuel use fractions and PM2.5-related deaths from outdoor and indoor sources during 2000-2020 across China. Our model estimated 1.67 and 1.21 million premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure in 2000 and 2020, respectively. We find that the residential energy transition is associated with a substantial reduction in premature deaths from indoor sources, with 100,000 (95% CI: 76,000-122,000) for urban and 265,000 (228,000-300,000) for rural populations during 2000-2020. Economic growth is the dominant driver of fuel use transition and avoids 21% related deaths (357,000, 315,000-402,000) from polluting fuel cooking since 2000, which offsets the adverse impact of ambient emissions contributed by economic growth. Our findings give an insight into the coupled impact of socioeconomic factors in reshaping health burden in exposure pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Riyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianxun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Litiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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16
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Onesmo BM, Mamuya SH, Mwema MF, Hella J. Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated factors among small-holder fish vendors along coastal areas in Tanzania. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:280. [PMID: 37533046 PMCID: PMC10398975 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Tanzania little is known about how the respiratory system of small-holder fish vendors is affected by occupational exposure to biomass smoke and other associated factors. This study assessed the prevalence of lung obstruction and associated factors among small-holder fish vendors along coastal areas in Tanzania. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Bagamoyo and Kunduchi fish markets along coastal areas of Tanzania. Environmental air pollutant levels and composition were measured using a hand-held device. A standardized questionnaire was used to assess respiratory symptoms while EasyOne spirometer was used to test for lung function among small-holder fish vendors. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was defined as FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal. Data were analyzed using STATA Version 17. Descriptive statistics was performed and logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors that are associated with poor lung function presented as crude and adjusted odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS A total of 103 participants were included in the study who were predominantly males 82 (79.6%). The participants' mean age was 35.47 (± 8.77 SD) years. The hourly average concentration levels of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and CO exposure during fish frying were 653.6 (± 206.3 SD) μg/m3, 748.48 (± 200.6 SD) μg/m3, 798.66 (± 181.71 SD) μg/m3 and 62.6 (± 12.3 SD) ppm respectively which are higher than the WHO recommended limits. The prevalence of COPD was found to be 32.04% (95% CI 0.23-0.42). Most of the participants reported respiratory symptoms like coughing, wheezing, sputum production and breathlessness during performing their daily activities. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that three out of ten participants had COPD and the major environmental air pollutants (PMs and CO) concentration levels were too high, suggesting that occupational exposure to biomass smoke may be a risk factor. This calls for effective approaches to reduce exposure and prevent known acute and chronic respiratory diseases that are associated with such exposure to air pollutants. Also the study calls for follow up or cohort studies to be conducted in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitha M Onesmo
- Ifakara Health Institute, P. O. Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
- Mpwapwa Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, The Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 743, Dodoma, Tanzania.
| | - Simon H Mamuya
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mwema Felix Mwema
- School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Jerry Hella
- Ifakara Health Institute, P. O. Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
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Alli AS, Clark SN, Wang J, Bennett J, Hughes AF, Ezzati M, Brauer M, Nimo J, Bedford-Moses J, Baah S, Cavanaugh A, Agyei-Mensah S, Owusu G, Baumgartner J, Arku RE. High-resolution patterns and inequalities in ambient fine particle mass (PM 2.5) and black carbon (BC) in the Greater Accra Metropolis, Ghana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162582. [PMID: 36870487 PMCID: PMC10131145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience high levels of ambient air pollution. However, sparse long-term city-wide air pollution exposure data limits policy mitigation efforts and assessment of the health and climate effects. In the first study of its kind in West Africa, we developed high resolution spatiotemporal land use regression (LUR) models to map fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) concentrations in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), one of the fastest sprawling metropolises in SSA. We conducted a one-year measurement campaign covering 146 sites and combined these data with geospatial and meteorological predictors to develop separate Harmattan and non-Harmattan season PM2.5 and BC models at 100 m resolution. The final models were selected with a forward stepwise procedure and performance was evaluated with 10-fold cross-validation. Model predictions were overlayed with the most recent census data to estimate the population distribution of exposure and socioeconomic inequalities in exposure at the census enumeration area level. The fixed effects components of the models explained 48-69 % and 63-71 % of the variance in PM2.5 and BC concentrations, respectively. Spatial variables related to road traffic and vegetation explained the most variability in the non-Harmattan models, while temporal variables were dominant in the Harmattan models. The entire GAMA population is exposed to PM2.5 levels above the World Health Organization guideline, including even the Interim Target 3 (15 μg/m3), with the highest exposures in poorer neighborhoods. The models can be used to support air pollution mitigation policies, health, and climate impact assessments. The measurement and modelling approach used in this study can be adapted to other African cities to bridge the air pollution data gap in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abosede S Alli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - Sierra N Clark
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - James Bennett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Majid Ezzati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - James Nimo
- Department of Physics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Solomon Baah
- Department of Physics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Samuel Agyei-Mensah
- Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Owusu
- Institute of Statistical, Social & Economic Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Raphael E Arku
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA.
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18
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Muteti-Fana S, Nkosana J, Naidoo RN. Kitchen Characteristics and Practices Associated with Increased PM 2.5 Concentration Levels in Zimbabwean Rural Households. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105811. [PMID: 37239536 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Household air pollution (HAP) from biomass fuels significantly contributes to cardio-respiratory morbidity and premature mortality globally. Particulate matter (PM), one of the pollutants generated, remains the most accurate indicator of household air pollution. Determining indoor air concentration levels and factors influencing these levels at the household level is of prime importance, as it objectively guides efforts to reduce household air pollution. This paper describes household factors associated with increased PM2.5 levels in Zimbabwean rural household kitchens. Our HAP and lung health in women study enrolled 790 women in rural and urban households in Zimbabwe between March 2018 and December 2019. Here, we report data from 148 rural households using solid fuel as the primary source of fuel for cooking and heating and where indoor air samples were collected. Data on kitchen characteristics and practices were collected cross-sectionally using an indoor walk-through survey and a modified interviewer-administered questionnaire. An Air metrics miniVol Sampler was utilized to collect PM2.5 samples from the 148 kitchens over a 24 h period. To identify the kitchen features and practices that would likely influence PM2.5 concentration levels, we applied a multiple linear regression model. The measured PM2.5 ranged from 1.35 μg/m3 to 1940 μg/m3 (IQR: 52.1-472). The PM2.5 concentration levels in traditional kitchens significantly varied from the townhouse type kitchens, with the median for each kitchen being 291.7 μg/m3 (IQR: 97.2-472.2) and 1.35 μg/m3 (IQR: 1.3-97.2), respectively. The use of wood mixed with other forms of biomass was found to have a statistically significant association (p < 0.001) with increased levels of PM2.5 concentration. In addition, cooking indoors was strongly associated with higher PM2.5 concentrations (p = 0.012). Presence of smoke deposits on walls and roofs of the kitchens was significantly associated with increased PM2.5 concentration levels (p = 0.044). The study found that kitchen type, energy type, cooking place, and smoke deposits were significant predictors of increased PM2.5 concentrations in the rural households. Concentrations of PM2.5 were high as compared to WHO recommended exposure limits for PM2.5. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing kitchen characteristics and practices associated with elevated PM2.5 concentrations in settings where resources are limited and switching to cleaner fuels may not be an immediate feasible option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamiso Muteti-Fana
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Unit of Family Medicine, Global and Public Health, Department of Primary Care Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, 3rd Floor, Parirenyatwa Hospital Grounds, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe
| | - Jafta Nkosana
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Rajen N Naidoo
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
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19
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Wang Y, Duong M, Brauer M, Rangarajan S, Dans A, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Puoane T, Yeates K, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Liu Z, Li Y, Tse LA, Mohan D, Gupta R, Nair S, Lakshmi P, Iqbal R, Anto T, Yusuf S, Hystad P. Household Air Pollution and Adult Lung Function Change, Respiratory Disease, and Mortality across Eleven Low- and Middle-Income Countries from the PURE Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47015. [PMID: 37126654 PMCID: PMC10132780 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, household air pollution (HAP) is a major environmental hazard that affects respiratory health. However, few studies have examined associations between HAP and lung function decline and respiratory disease and mortality. METHODS We used data from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study and examined adults residing in 240 rural communities in 11 low- and middle-income countries where HAP from cooking with solid fuels is common. Spirometry was conducted for 28,574 individuals at baseline and 12,489 individuals during follow-up (mean of 8 y between spirometry measures). In cross-sectional analyses, we compared lung function measurements [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio] in those who used solid fuels for cooking in comparison with clean fuels. Using repeated measurements of lung function, we examined the percent change in lung function measures per year, comparing individuals by baseline fuel type and individuals who used solid fuels at baseline but switched to clean fuels during follow-up. We also examined associations with prospective health events (any respiratory diseases, respiratory disease hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality). RESULTS In adjusted cross-sectional models, use of solid fuel in comparison with clean fuels was associated with lower FEV1 of -17.5mL (95% CI: -32.7, -2.3) and FVC of -14.4mL (95% CI: -32.0, 3.2), but not FEV1/FVC. In longitudinal analyses, individuals who switched from solid fuels to clean cooking fuels during follow-up (n=3,901, 46% of those using solid fuel at baseline), showed no differences in the annual rate of change in FEV1 or FVC, but had small improvements in FEV1/FVC change (0.2% per year, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.3). Individuals who switched from solid to clean fuels had a decreased hazard ratio for respiratory events of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.00) in comparison with persistent solid fuel users, which was not attenuated by lung function measures. CONCLUSION We observed modest associations between HAP exposure and lung function, lung function change, and respiratory disease and mortality. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - MyLinh Duong
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antonio Dans
- University of the Philippines, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
| | - Fernando Lanas
- Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Thandi Puoane
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rita Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Deepa Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Sanjeev Nair
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - Pvm Lakshmi
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Taniya Anto
- Department of Physiology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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20
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Gould CF, Bejarano ML, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Lee AG, Pillarisetti A, Schlesinger SB, Terán E, Valarezo A, Jack DW. Widespread Clean Cooking Fuel Scale-Up and under-5 Lower Respiratory Infection Mortality: An Ecological Analysis in Ecuador, 1990-2019. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:37017. [PMID: 36989076 PMCID: PMC10056314 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nationwide household transitions to the use of clean-burning cooking fuels are a promising pathway to reducing under-5 lower respiratory infection (LRI) mortality, the leading cause of child mortality globally, but such transitions are rare and evidence supporting an association between increased clean fuel use and improved health is limited. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between increased primary clean cooking fuel use and under-5 LRI mortality in Ecuador between 1990 and 2019. METHODS We documented cooking fuel use and cause-coded child mortalities at the canton (county) level in Ecuador from 1990 to 2019 (in four periods, 1988-1992, 1999-2003, 2008-2012, and 2015-2019). We characterized the association between clean fuel use and the rate of under-5 LRI mortalities at the canton level using quasi-Poisson generalized linear and generalized additive models, accounting for potential confounding variables that characterize wealth, urbanization, and child health care and vaccination rates, as well as canton and period fixed effects. We estimated averted under-5 LRI mortalities accrued over 30 y by predicting a counterfactual count of canton-period under-5 LRI mortalities were clean fuel use to not have increased and comparing with predicted canton-period under-5 LRI mortalities from our model and observed data. RESULTS From 1990 to 2019, the proportion of households primarily using a clean cooking fuel increased from 59% to 95%, and under-5 LRI mortality fell from 28 to 7 per 100,000 under-5 population. Canton-level clean fuel use was negatively associated with under-5 LRI mortalities in linear and nonlinear models. The nonlinear association suggested a threshold at approximately 60% clean fuel use, above which there was a negative association. Increases in clean fuel use between 1990 and 2019 were associated with an estimated 7,300 averted under-5 LRI mortalities (95% confidence interval: 2,600, 12,100), accounting for nearly 20% of the declines in under-5 LRI mortality observed in Ecuador over the study period. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the widespread household transition from using biomass to clean-burning fuels for cooking reduced under-5 LRI mortalities in Ecuador over the last 30 y. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Gould
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - M. Lorena Bejarano
- Institute for Energy and Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alison G. Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ajay Pillarisetti
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Science, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Enrique Terán
- Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alfredo Valarezo
- Institute for Energy and Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Darby W. Jack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Zheng Y, Liu X, Song X, He Y, Kang N, Zhang C, Liao W, Yuchi Y, Hou J, Mao Z, Huo W, Wang C. Kitchen ventilation attenuated the associations of solid fuel use and long duration for cooking with the increased prevalence of normocytic anemia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39199-39209. [PMID: 36598723 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Evidence on the potential risk factors of normocytic anemia, the most prevalent morphology subtype of anemia, was scarce to date. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of cooking fuel use or daily cooking duration with normocytic anemia and further explore the modification effect of mechanical ventilation. Participants totaling 29,448 from the Henan Rural Cohort were included in this study. Normocytic anemia was defined by hemoglobin (based on the World Health Organization criteria) and mean corpuscular volume. Cooking-related data was collected by questionnaire, and the average daily cooking duration was calculated by the weekly cooking frequency and the cooking duration of each meal. Logistic regression models were employed to derive the combined and independent associations of cooking fuel type and daily cooking duration with normocytic anemia and the modification effect of ventilation. Compared with people who never cooked, both clean fuel and solid fuel users were significantly associated with increased prevalent normocytic anemia [OR (95% CI) = 1.196 (1.014, 1.411) and 1.335 (1.105, 1.614), respectively], and the effect estimates on normocytic anemia risk were 1.260 (1.043, 1.523), 1.320 (1.104, 1.578), and 1.310 (1.081, 1.587) in participants who daily cooked < 1 h/day, 1-2 h/day, and ≥ 2 h/day, respectively. These relationships were attenuated in subjects with mechanical ventilation (All P < 0.05). Cooking with solid fuel or for a long duration are independently associated with prevalent normocytic anemia in rural population, and mechanical ventilation could attenuate these associations. Future efforts to reduce the burden of anemia could target the universal use of ventilation and solid fuel use or cooking duration reduction.Clinical trial registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July, 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, School of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghao Yuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Saleh S, Sambakunsi H, Makina D, Chinouya M, Kumwenda M, Chirombo J, Semple S, Mortimer K, Rylance J. Personal exposures to fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide in relation to cooking activities in rural Malawi. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:251. [PMID: 36874568 PMCID: PMC9975423 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18050.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor for cardiorespiratory disease. Exposures to household air pollution from cooking and other activities, are particularly high in Southern Africa. Following an extended period of participant observation in a village in Malawi, we aimed to assess individuals' exposures to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) and to investigate the different sources of exposure, including different cooking methods. Methods: Adult residents of a village in Malawi wore personal PM 2.5 and CO monitors for 24-48 hours, sampling every 1 (CO) or 2 minutes (PM 2.5). Subsequent in-person interviews recorded potential exposure details over the time periods. We present means and interquartile ranges for overall exposures and summaries stratified by time and activity (exposure). We employed multivariate regression to further explore these characteristics, and Spearman rank correlation to examine the relationship between paired PM 2.5 and CO exposures. Results : Twenty participants (17 female; median age 40 years, IQR: 37-56) provided 831 hours of paired PM 2.5 and CO data. Concentrations of PM 2.5 during combustion activity, usually cooking, far exceeded background levels (no combustion activity): 97.9μg/m 3 (IQR: 22.9-482.0), vs 7.6μg/m 3, IQR: 2.5-20.6 respectively. Background PM 2.5 concentrations were higher during daytime hours (11.7μg/m 3 [IQR: 5.2-30.0] vs 3.3μg/m 3 at night [IQR: 0.7-8.2]). Highest exposures were influenced by cooking location but associated with charcoal use (for CO) and firewood on a three-stone fire (for PM 2.5). Cooking-related exposures were higher in more ventilated places, such as outside the household or on a walled veranda, than during indoor cooking. Conclusions : The study demonstrates the value of combining personal PM 2.5 exposure data with detailed contextual information for providing deeper insights into pollution sources and influences. The finding of similar/lower exposures during cooking in seemingly less-ventilated places should prompt a re-evaluation of proposed clean air interventions in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepeedeh Saleh
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Henry Sambakunsi
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Debora Makina
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Martha Chinouya
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Moses Kumwenda
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - James Chirombo
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Sean Semple
- University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jamie Rylance
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
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23
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Threat of air pollution in the cleanest plateau. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100390. [PMID: 36860966 PMCID: PMC9969312 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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Egerstrom N, Rojas-Rueda D, Martuzzi M, Jalaludin B, Nieuwenhuijsen M, So R, Lim YH, Loft S, Andersen ZJ, Cole-Hunter T. Health and economic benefits of meeting WHO air quality guidelines, Western Pacific Region. Bull World Health Organ 2023; 101:130-139. [PMID: 36733628 PMCID: PMC9874370 DOI: 10.2471/blt.22.288938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To quantify the number of avoidable annual deaths and associated economic benefits from meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines for ambient concentrations for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for Member States of the WHO Western Pacific Region. Methods Using the AirQ+ software, we performed a quantitative health impact assessment comparing country-level PM2.5 concentrations with the 2005 and 2021 air quality guidelines recommended maximum concentrations of 10 and 5 μg/m3, respectively. We obtained PM2.5 data from the WHO Global Health Observatory (latest available year 2016), and population and mortality estimates from the United Nations World Population Prospects database for the latest 5-year period available (2015-2019), which we averaged to 1-year estimates. A risk estimate for all-cause mortality, based on a meta-analysis, was embedded within AirQ+ software. Our economic assessment used World Bank value of a statistical life adjusted to country-specific gross domestic product (latest available year 2014). Findings Data were complete for 21 of 27 Member States. If these countries achieved the 2021 guidelines for PM2.5, an estimated 3.1 million deaths would be avoided annually, which are 0.4 million more deaths avoided than meeting the 2005 guidelines. China would avoid the most deaths per 100 000 population (303 deaths) and Brunei Darussalam the least (5 deaths). The annual economic benefit per capita ranged from 5781 United States dollars (US$) in Singapore to US$ 143 in Solomon Islands. Conclusion Implementing effective measures to reduce PM2.5 emissions would save a substantial number of lives and money across the Region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, United States of America
| | - Marco Martuzzi
- Environment and Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Rina So
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K 1353, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K 1353, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K 1353, Denmark
| | - Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K 1353, Denmark
| | - Thomas Cole-Hunter
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K 1353, Denmark
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Yu K, Lv J, Liu G, Yu C, Guo Y, Yang L, Chen Y, Wang C, Chen Z, Li L, Wu T. Cooking and future risk of all-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality. Nat Hum Behav 2023; 7:200-210. [PMID: 36482078 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cooking is practiced worldwide and is associated with multiple social, economic and environmental factors; thus, understanding cooking-related health effects would have broad public health implications. Here, we show that after an average 9.9 years of follow-up for 510,106 Chinese adults, always cooking with clean fuels was associated with lower risks of all-cause (0.90 [95% confidence interval 0.87-0.93]; P = 1.39 × 10-9), cardiovascular (0.83 [0.78-0.87]; P = 6.83 × 10-11) and respiratory (0.88 [0.79-0.99]; P = 0.026) mortality compared with non-cooking, of which 50.1% (14.5-85.6%) to 66.0% (38.5-85.8%) could be attributed to increased household physical activity. The mortality risks decreased with extended duration of cooking with clean fuels in dose-response manners, with the lowest hazard ratios of 0.74 (0.68-0.80; P = 1.20 × 10-13) for all-cause and 0.62 (0.55-0.71; P = 3.15 × 10-12) for cardiovascular mortality among never-smokers reported over 25 years of cooking. Our findings suggest lower future mortality risks may be gained only when cooking with clean fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Shu Y, Shao Y, Zhou Q, Lu L, Wang Z, Zhang L, Bi Y. Changing Trends in the Disease Burden of Cataract and Forecasted Trends in China and Globally from 1990 to 2030. Clin Epidemiol 2023; 15:525-534. [PMID: 37153074 PMCID: PMC10162108 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s404049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the trends in the prevalence and disease burden of cataract from 1990 to 2019, evaluate attributable risk factors, and predict trends over the next decade in China and globally. Methods Data was obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We calculated the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASR) and annual percentage change (EAPC) to show the trends of cataract in China and different regions. We calculated and reported the proportion of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to risk factors by sex in China and different regions. Then, the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) analysis model was also used to predict the prevalence trends from 2020 to 2030 in China and globally. Results The ASR increased from 867.09 in 1990 to 991.56 in 2019 per 100,000 with an EAPC of 0.88 in China. The age-standardized DALY rate of females was higher than males. DALY rates were correlated to household air pollution from solid fuels, tobacco, high fasting plasma glucose and high body-mass index. The projective model indicates that the ASR for cataracts will rise to 1101.35×106 for male and 1616.63×106 for female by 2030. Conclusion The trends from 1990 to 2030 suggested that the burden of cataract remains high in China. Maintaining good lifestyle habits such as switching to clean energy, reducing cigar intake, controlling blood glucose and weight can reduce the risk of cataracts. As aging increases, China should pay more attention to cataract-induced low vision and blindness and develop public policies to reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Exam Center of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanlong Bi, Email
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Mechanisms of Lung Damage and Development of COPD Due to Household Biomass-Smoke Exposure: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, MicroRNAs, and Gene Polymorphisms. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010067. [PMID: 36611860 PMCID: PMC9818405 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to indoor biomass smoke from the combustion of solid organic fuels is a major cause of disease burden worldwide. Almost 3 billion people use solid fuels such as wood, charcoal, and crop residues for indoor cooking and heating, accounting for approximately 50% of all households and 90% of rural households globally. Biomass smoke contains many hazardous pollutants, resulting in household air pollution (HAP) exposure that often exceeds international standards. Long-term biomass-smoke exposure is associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in adults, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, chronic bronchitis, and other lung conditions. Biomass smoke-associated COPD differs from the best-known cigarette smoke-induced COPD in several aspects, such as a slower decline in lung function, greater airway involvement, and less emphysema, which suggests a different phenotype and pathophysiology. Despite the high burden of biomass-associated COPD, the molecular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are poorly understood. This review describes the pathogenic mechanisms potentially involved in lung damage, the development of COPD associated with wood-derived smoke exposure, and the influence of genetic and epigenetic factors on the development of this disease.
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Kang N, Song X, Zhang C, Li R, Yuchi Y, Liao W, Hou X, Liu X, Mao Z, Huo W, Hou J, Wang C. Association of household air pollution with glucose homeostasis markers in Chinese rural women: Effect modification of socioeconomic status. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114283. [PMID: 36371884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic status (SES) was a crucial influencing factor of household air pollution (HAP). However, few studies have explored the potential effect modification of SES on the associations of HAP with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glucose homeostasis. METHODS A total of 20900 participants were obtained from the Henan Rural Cohort. HAP reflected by cooking fuel type and cooking duration was assessed via questionnaire. SES was evaluated by two dimensions: educational level and average monthly income. Associations of cooking fuel type, cooking duration with T2DM and glucose homeostasis indices (insulin, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HOMA-β) were assessed by the generalized linear model. Analyses were also conducted in different SES groups to explore the potential effect modification. RESULTS Significant negative association of cooking fuel type and cooking duration with T2DM, FPG, and HOMA-β was not observed. However, cooking with solid fuel and long-duration cooking were associated with decreased insulin level in women, and the adjusted coefficients were - 0.35 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): - 0.53, - 0.17) and - 0.36 (95% CI: -0.50, -0.21), respectively. Results from stratified analyses showed that these associations were more prominent in women with low average monthly income, with corresponding coefficient of - 0.57 (95% CI: -0.77, -0.37) for cooking with solid fuel and - 0.34 (95% CI: -0.52, -0.16) for long-duration cooking. Among women with low average monthly income, the largest decreased insulin level was observed in those who cooked with solid fuel, long-duration and poor kitchen ventilation, while the negative association of cooking fuel type and cooking duration with insulin level was slightly alleviated in the good kitchen ventilation group. CONCLUSIONS Low average monthly income aggravated the negative association of HAP and insulin level among rural women, while improving kitchen ventilation may be a practical intervention. TRAIL REGISTRATION The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July, 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yinghao Yuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Liu Z, Li M, Zhu Y, Hystad P, Ma Y, Rangarajan S, Zhao Q, Hu L, Yusuf S, Li Y, Tse LA. Association of Household Utility of Cleaner Fuel With Lower Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1605193. [PMID: 36506713 PMCID: PMC9729250 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether lower hypertension prevalence or blood pressure was associated with cleaner household fuel usage for cooking and heating among Chinese adults. Methods: We enrolled 44,862 Chinese adults at the baseline of the prospective urban and rural epidemiology (PURE) study in China during 2005-2009, as a subset of the PURE-global China site. Multilevel logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models were conducted to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and regression coefficient for hypertension and blood pressure respectively, while subgroup analysis by ambient PM2.5 concentration and location was also examined. Results: Compared with the least clean household solid fuel group, gas (AOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.99) or electricity (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.87) was associated with significantly lower levels of hypertension prevalence and blood pressure, and a similar pattern of the association was consistently observed among participants with high ambient PM2.5 exposure and those living in urban areas. Conclusion: Household utility of cleaner fuel type was associated with lower hypertension prevalence and blood pressure in Chinese adults. Our study urges the utilization of cleaner household energy to mitigate the burden of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengya Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Perry Hystad
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Yuanting Ma
- Dongguan street Community Health Service Center, Xining, China
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Qian Zhao
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, China
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yang Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lap Ah Tse, ; Yang Li,
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Lap Ah Tse, ; Yang Li,
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Witinok-Huber R, Clark ML, Volckens J, Young BN, Benka-Coker ML, Walker E, Peel JL, Quinn C, Keller JP. Effects of household and participant characteristics on personal exposure and kitchen concentration of fine particulate matter and black carbon in rural Honduras. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113869. [PMID: 35820656 PMCID: PMC10696621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional cooking with solid fuels (biomass, animal dung, charcoals, coal) creates household air pollution that leads to millions of premature deaths and disability worldwide each year. Exposure to household air pollution is highest in low- and middle-income countries. Using data from a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial of a cookstove intervention among 230 households in Honduras, we analyzed the impact of household and personal variables on repeated 24-h measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) exposure. Six measurements were collected approximately six-months apart over the course of the three-year study. Multivariable mixed models explained 37% of variation in personal PM2.5 exposure and 49% of variation in kitchen PM2.5 concentrations. Additionally, multivariable models explained 37% and 47% of variation in personal and kitchen BC concentrations, respectively. Stove type, season, presence of electricity, primary stove location, kitchen enclosure type, stove use time, and presence of kerosene for lighting were all associated with differences in geometric mean exposures. Stove type explained the most variability of the included variables. In future studies of household air pollution, tracking the cooking behaviors and daily activities of participants, including outdoor exposures, may explain exposure variation beyond the household and personal variables considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Witinok-Huber
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Maggie L Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Bonnie N Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Ethan Walker
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua P Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Saleh S, Sambakunsi H, Makina D, Chinouya M, Kumwenda M, Chirombo J, Semple S, Mortimer K, Rylance J. Personal exposures to fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide in relation to cooking activities in rural Malawi. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:251. [PMID: 36874568 PMCID: PMC9975423 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18050.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor for cardiorespiratory disease. Exposures to household air pollution from cooking and other activities, are particularly high in Southern Africa. Following an extended period of participant observation in a village in Malawi, we aimed to assess individuals' exposures to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) and to investigate the different sources of exposure, including different cooking methods. Methods: Adult residents of a village in Malawi wore personal PM 2.5 and CO monitors for 24-48 hours, sampling every 1 (CO) or 2 minutes (PM 2.5). Subsequent in-person interviews recorded potential exposure details over the time periods. We present means and interquartile ranges for overall exposures and summaries stratified by time and activity (exposure). We employed multivariate regression to further explore these characteristics, and Spearman rank correlation to examine the relationship between paired PM 2.5 and CO exposures. Results : Twenty participants (17 female; median age 40 years, IQR: 37-56) provided 831 hours of paired PM 2.5 and CO data. Concentrations of PM 2.5 during combustion activity, usually cooking, far exceeded background levels (no combustion activity): 97.9μg/m 3 (IQR: 22.9-482.0), vs 7.6μg/m 3, IQR: 2.5-20.6 respectively. Background PM 2.5 concentrations were higher during daytime hours (11.7μg/m 3 [IQR: 5.2-30.0] vs 3.3μg/m 3 at night [IQR: 0.7-8.2]). Highest exposures were influenced by cooking location but associated with charcoal use (for CO) and firewood on a three-stone fire (for PM 2.5). Cooking-related exposures were higher in more ventilated places, such as outside the household or on a walled veranda, than during indoor cooking. Conclusions : The study demonstrates the value of combining personal PM 2.5 exposure data with detailed contextual information for providing deeper insights into pollution sources and influences. The finding of similar/lower exposures during cooking in seemingly less-ventilated places should prompt a re-evaluation of proposed clean air interventions in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepeedeh Saleh
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Henry Sambakunsi
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Debora Makina
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Martha Chinouya
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Moses Kumwenda
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - James Chirombo
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
| | - Sean Semple
- University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jamie Rylance
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, LIVERPOOL, L3 5QA, UK
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, P.O. Box 30096, Malawi
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Frostad JJ, Nguyen QP, Baumann MM, Blacker BF, Marczak LB, Deshpande A, Wiens KE, LeGrand KE, Johnson KB, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdoli A, Abolhassani H, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Adekanmbi V, Agrawal A, Ahmed MB, Al-Aly Z, Alanezi FM, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Alipour V, Altirkawi KA, Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Amegah AK, Amini S, Amiri F, Amugsi DA, Ancuceanu R, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Antriyandarti E, Anvari D, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Athari SS, Ausloos M, Ayano G, Aynalem YA, Azari S, Badiye AD, Baig AA, Balakrishnan K, Banach M, Basu S, Bedi N, Bell ML, Bennett DA, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bibi S, Bohlouli S, Boufous S, Bragazzi NL, Braithwaite D, Burugina Nagaraja S, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Car J, Cárdenas R, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Cerin E, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chaturvedi S, Chen S, Chu DT, Chung SC, Dahlawi SMA, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, Das JK, Dash AP, Dávila-Cervantes CA, De Leo D, De Neve JW, Demissie GD, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Dhungana GP, Diaz D, Dipeolu IO, Dorostkar F, Doshmangir L, Duraes AR, Edinur HA, Efendi F, El Tantawi M, Eskandarieh S, Fadhil I, Fattahi N, Fauk NK, Fereshtehnejad SM, Folayan MO, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaidhane AM, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Gilani SA, Gill TK, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Gubari MIM, Guido D, Guo Y, Gupta RD, Gupta R, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hamadeh RR, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hayat K, Heibati B, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Henry NJ, Herteliu C, Hosseinzadeh M, Hsairi M, Hu G, Ibitoye SE, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irvani SSN, Islam SMS, Iwu CCD, Jaafari J, Jakovljevic M, Javaheri T, Jha RP, Ji JS, Jonas JB, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalhor R, Kamyari N, Kanchan T, Kapil U, Kapoor N, Kayode GA, Keiyoro PN, Khader YS, Khalid N, Khan EA, Khan M, Khan MN, Khatab K, Khater MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khubchandani J, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Knibbs LD, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lami FH, Lan Q, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lee PH, Lewycka S, Li S, Machado DB, Mahasha PW, Maheri M, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Martinez NM, Martini S, Martins-Melo FR, Mayala BK, Mehndiratta MM, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Michalek IM, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei R, Moazen B, Mohammad Y, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Mosapour A, Mouodi S, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mukhopadhyay S, Munro SB, Murray CJL, Nagarajan AJ, Naghavi M, Nair S, Nangia V, Nascimento BR, Nazari J, Negoi I, Netsere HB, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen HLT, Noubiap JJ, Oancea B, Ogbo FA, Oh IH, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Omar Bali A, Onwujekwe OE, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Pandey A, Park EC, Park EK, Patel SK, Pham HQ, Pilgrim T, Pirsaheb M, Pokhrel KN, Postma MJ, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rahim F, Rahman MHU, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Ranabhat CL, Rao SJ, Rasella D, Rastogi P, Rath GK, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Renzaho AMN, Reshmi B, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Rickard J, Roever L, Ronfani L, Rostamian M, Rubagotti E, Rwegerera GM, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahiledengle B, Salem MR, Samy AM, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sathian B, Sathish T, Schwebel DC, Sepanlou SG, Shahabi S, Shaheen AA, Shahid I, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shannawaz M, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty RS, Shiferaw WS, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shivakumar KM, Siabani S, Siddiqi TJ, Singh BB, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Sorrie MB, Soyiri IN, Spurlock EE, Sreeramareddy CT, Stockfelt L, Sufiyan MB, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Taherkhani A, Temsah MH, Thankappan KR, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Ullah S, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Valadan Tahbaz S, Varughese S, Violante FS, Vo B, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wang YP, Welgan CA, Werdecker A, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yilma MT, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefinezhadi T, Yu C, Yu Y, Zaman SB, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Brauer M, Hay SI, Reiner RC. Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-18: a geospatial modelling study. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e1395-e1411. [PMID: 36113526 PMCID: PMC9638039 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patterns in cooking vary systematically, subnational trends in use of solid fuels have yet to be comprehensively analysed. We estimated the prevalence of solid-fuel use with high spatial resolution to explore subnational inequalities, assess local progress, and assess the effects on health in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) without universal access to clean fuels. METHODS We did a geospatial modelling study to map the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking at a 5 km × 5 km resolution in 98 LMICs based on 2·1 million household observations of the primary cooking fuel used from 663 population-based household surveys over the years 2000 to 2018. We use observed temporal patterns to forecast household air pollution in 2030 and to assess the probability of attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target indicator for clean cooking. We aligned our estimates of household air pollution to geospatial estimates of ambient air pollution to establish the risk transition occurring in LMICs. Finally, we quantified the effect of residual primary solid-fuel use for cooking on child health by doing a counterfactual risk assessment to estimate the proportion of deaths from lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 5 years that could be associated with household air pollution. FINDINGS Although primary reliance on solid-fuel use for cooking has declined globally, it remains widespread. 593 million people live in districts where the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking exceeds 95%. 66% of people in LMICs live in districts that are not on track to meet the SDG target for universal access to clean energy by 2030. Household air pollution continues to be a major contributor to particulate exposure in LMICs, and rising ambient air pollution is undermining potential gains from reductions in the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking in many countries. We estimated that, in 2018, 205 000 (95% uncertainty interval 147 000-257 000) children younger than 5 years died from lower respiratory tract infections that could be attributed to household air pollution. INTERPRETATION Efforts to accelerate the adoption of clean cooking fuels need to be substantially increased and recalibrated to account for subnational inequalities, because there are substantial opportunities to improve air quality and avert child mortality associated with household air pollution. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Wang Y, Shupler M, Birch A, Chu YL, Jeronimo M, Rangarajan S, Mustaha M, Heenan L, Seron P, Saavedra N, Oliveros MJ, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Camacho PA, Otero J, Perez-Mayorga M, Yeates K, West N, Ncube T, Ncube B, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Khan A, Liu Z, Cheng X, Wei L, Tse LA, Mohan D, Kumar P, Gupta R, Mohan I, Jayachitra KG, Mony PK, Rammohan K, Nair S, Lakshmi PVM, Sagar V, Khawaja R, Iqbal R, Kazmi K, Yusuf S, Brauer M, Hystad P. Personal and household PM 2.5 and black carbon exposure measures and respiratory symptoms in 8 low- and middle-income countries. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113430. [PMID: 35526584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution (HAP) from cooking with solid fuels has been associated with adverse respiratory effects, but most studies use surveys of fuel use to define HAP exposure, rather than on actual air pollution exposure measurements. OBJECTIVE To examine associations between household and personal fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) measures and respiratory symptoms. METHODS As part of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Air Pollution study, we analyzed 48-h household and personal PM2.5 and BC measurements for 870 individuals using different cooking fuels from 62 communities in 8 countries (Bangladesh, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe). Self-reported respiratory symptoms were collected after monitoring. Associations between PM2.5 and BC exposures and respiratory symptoms were examined using logistic regression models, controlling for individual, household, and community covariates. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) of household and personal PM2.5 was 73.5 (119.1) and 65.3 (91.5) μg/m3, and for household and personal BC was 3.4 (8.3) and 2.5 (4.9) x10-5 m-1, respectively. We observed associations between household PM2.5 and wheeze (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.46), cough (OR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.06, 1.39), and sputum (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.10, 1.44), as well as exposure to household BC and wheeze (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.39) and sputum (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.05, 1.36), per IQR increase. We observed associations between personal PM2.5 and wheeze (OR: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.50) and sputum (OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.41). For household PM2.5 and BC, associations were generally stronger for females compared to males. Models using an indicator variable of solid versus clean fuels resulted in larger OR estimates with less precision. CONCLUSIONS We used measurements of household and personal air pollution for individuals using different cooking fuels and documented strong associations with respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Shupler
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Birch
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yen Li Chu
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Jeronimo
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maha Mustaha
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Heenan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul A Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Johnna Otero
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | | | - Karen Yeates
- Pamoja Tunaweza Research Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicola West
- Pamoja Tunaweza Research Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tatenda Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Brian Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rita Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afreen Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaoru Cheng
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Li Wei
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - L A Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Deepa Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Indu Mohan
- Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - K G Jayachitra
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Prem K Mony
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Kamala Rammohan
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - Sanjeev Nair
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Sagar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rehman Khawaja
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khawar Kazmi
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
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Johnson M, Pillarisetti A, Piedrahita R, Balakrishnan K, Peel JL, Steenland K, Underhill LJ, Rosa G, Kirby MA, Díaz-Artiga A, McCracken J, Clark ML, Waller L, Chang HH, Wang J, Dusabimana E, Ndagijimana F, Sambandam S, Mukhopadhyay K, Kearns KA, Campbell D, Kremer J, Rosenthal JP, Checkley W, Clasen T, Naeher L. Exposure Contrasts of Pregnant Women during the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Randomized Controlled Trial. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:97005. [PMID: 36112539 PMCID: PMC9480977 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to PM 2.5 arising from solid fuel combustion is estimated to result in ∼ 2.3 million premature deaths and 91 million lost disability-adjusted life years annually. Interventions attempting to mitigate this burden have had limited success in reducing exposures to levels thought to provide substantive health benefits. OBJECTIVES This paper reports exposure reductions achieved by a liquified petroleum gas (LPG) stove and fuel intervention for pregnant mothers in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial. METHODS The HAPIN trial included 3,195 households primarily using biomass for cooking in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. Twenty-four-hour exposures to PM 2.5 , carbon monoxide (CO), and black carbon (BC) were measured for pregnant women once before randomization into control (n = 1,605 ) and LPG (n = 1,590 ) arms and twice thereafter (aligned with trimester). Changes in exposure were estimated by directly comparing exposures between intervention and control arms and by using linear mixed-effect models to estimate the impact of the intervention on exposure levels. RESULTS Median postrandomization exposures of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μ m (PM 2.5 ) in the intervention arm were lower by 66% at the first (71.5 vs. 24.1 μ g / m 3 ), and second follow-up visits (69.5 vs. 23.7 μ g / m 3 ) compared to controls. BC exposures were lower in the intervention arm by 72% (9.7 vs. 2.7 μ g / m 3 ) and 70% (9.6 vs. 2.8 μ g / m 3 ) at the first and second follow-up visits, respectively, and carbon monoxide exposure was 82% lower at both visits (1.1 vs. 0.2 ppm ) in comparison with controls. Exposure reductions were consistent over time and were similar across research locations. DISCUSSION Postintervention PM 2.5 exposures in the intervention arm were at the lower end of what has been reported for LPG and other clean fuel interventions, with 69% of PM 2.5 samples falling below the World Health Organization Annual Interim Target 1 of 35 μ g / m 3 . This study indicates that an LPG intervention can reduce PM 2.5 exposures to levels at or below WHO targets. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10295.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Pillarisetti
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air Quality, Climate and Health, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (Deemed University), Chennai, India
| | - Jennifer L. Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kyle Steenland
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lindsay J. Underhill
- Cardiovascular Division, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ghislaine Rosa
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Miles A. Kirby
- Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - John McCracken
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Maggie L. Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lance Waller
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Howard H. Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiantong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Sankar Sambandam
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air Quality, Climate and Health, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (Deemed University), Chennai, India
| | - Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air Quality, Climate and Health, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (Deemed University), Chennai, India
| | - Katherine A. Kearns
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Devan Campbell
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacob Kremer
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Joshua P. Rosenthal
- Division of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William Checkley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Clasen
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Luke Naeher
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - and the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) Trial Investigators
- Berkeley Air Monitoring Group, Berkeley, California, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, ICMR Center for Advanced Research on Air Quality, Climate and Health, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (Deemed University), Chennai, India
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Eagle Research Center, Kigali, Rwanda
- Division of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Hou X, Mao Z, Song X, Kang N, Zhang C, Li R, Yuchi Y, Liao W, Liu X, Huo W, Wang C, Hou J. Kitchen ventilation alleviated adverse associations of domestic fuel use and long-duration cooking with platelet indices as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155341. [PMID: 35452724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal platelet activity is considered as a potential mechanism of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) related to household air pollution (HAP). However, evidence remains lacking for the association of HAP with platelet activity in low-middle income countries. METHODS 27,349 individuals were obtained from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. A questionnaire was used to collect data on cooking fuel types, cooking frequency and time as well as kitchen ventilation which indirectly reflected HAP. Platelet activity was indicated by platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count (MPVP), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) and plateletcrit (PCT). Associations of HAP with platelet activity were assessed by generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS Compared with the ones without cooking, participants who cooking using solid fuel, clean fuel, short- and long-duration cooking were at a high risk for increased platelet size (PDW, MPV, MPVP and P-LCR) but decreased PLT and PCT; long-duration cooking participants with non-using exhaust hood/extractor by solid fuel use were associated with a 0.259 f. (95%CI: 0.100, 0.418 fL), 0.115 f. (95%CI: 0.050, 0.181 fL), 0.001 (95%CI: 0.000, 0.003) and 0.928% (95%CI: 0.425, 1.431%) increment in PDW, MPV, MPVP and P-LCR values and these associations were prominent in women relative than that in men. CONCLUSION Using exhaust hood/extractor attenuated the positive associations of solid fuel use and long-duration cooking with increased platelet size in all participants and these associations were prominent in women, indicating that improving kitchen ventilation may be an effective strategy to reduce platelet dysfunction related to HAP, especially for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yinghao Yuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Physical activity attenuates the association between household air pollution and health-related quality of life in Chinese rural population: the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:3165-3175. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Boudewijns EA, Trucchi M, van der Kleij RMJJ, Vermond D, Hoffman CM, Chavannes NH, van Schayck OCP, Kirenga B, Brakema EA. Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of improved solid fuel cookstoves and clean fuels in low-income and middle-income countries: an umbrella review. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e601-e612. [PMID: 35716672 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2·6 billion people rely on solid fuels for cooking or heating. Accelerating access to cleaner solutions is crucial to reduce the negative effects of solid fuel use. Despite abundant evidence on how to implement these solutions, previous attempts have been disappointing. An overview of the evidence is missing and the translation of the evidence into practice is poor. We conducted an umbrella review using eight databases to: consolidate evidence on the factors that influence the implementation of improved solid fuel cookstoves and clean fuels in low-income and middle-income countries; weigh the level of confidence in existing evidence; and develop two practical implementation strategy tools. We identified 31 relevant reviews (13 systematic reviews and 18 narrative reviews) that covered over 479 primary studies. We found 15 implementation factors supported by the highest level of evidence. Regarding improved solid fuel cookstoves, these factors included: cost; knowledge and beliefs about the innovation; and compatibility. For clean fuels these factors included: cost; knowledge and beliefs about the innovation; and external policy and incentives. The factors were synthesised into the Cleaner Cookstove Implementation Tool and the Clean Fuel Implementation Tool. These tools can be used to optimise the implementation of cleaner cooking solutions, thereby improving health, environmental, climate, and gender equity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther A Boudewijns
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Maria Trucchi
- Leiden University College The Hague, Leiden University, The Hague, Netherlands
| | | | - Debbie Vermond
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte M Hoffman
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Niels H Chavannes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bruce Kirenga
- Department of Medicine and Makerere Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Evelyn A Brakema
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Smith KE, Weis D. Metal and Pb isotope characterization of particulates encountered by foraging honeybees in Metro Vancouver. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154181. [PMID: 35231520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees and their products are useful biomonitors of metal distribution in urban centres. This study investigates particulate sources that foraging honeybees encounter in Metro Vancouver. Metal concentrations and lead (Pb) isotope compositions were measured in topsoil (top 2 cm, n = 14) colocated with existing research hives and in particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM10, n = 27) collected throughout Metro Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) during honeybee foraging hours over the course of one year (2018-2019). Topsoil served as a proxy for resuspended/coarse PM and, together with PM10, covered the size range of particulates collected by foraging bees both actively (pollen) and passively (dusts). Particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5, n = 7) was collected on Whistler Mountain during two transpacific events (in spring 2014) to estimate the possible effect of transpacific particulate input on the Pb isotope composition of Western Canada aerosols. Metal concentrations and Pb isotopes in topsoil and PM from this study and bees and hive products from previous studies (collected in 2014-2019) reveal similar spatial trends: there were elevated amounts of some metals associated with anthropogenic activity (e.g., Pb, Zn, Sb) and less radiogenic Pb isotope compositions in most samples collected nearer to the city centre in comparison to samples collected in more suburban or rural areas. Bees and hive products have a smoothing effect on the spatiotemporal variability of the data; metal concentrations and Pb isotope compositions vary less in hive products than in PM, presumably because bees interact with multiple environmental domains while foraging. Wildfire smoke and transpacific input are phenomena that cause measurable shifts in Pb isotope compositions of PM, but not in hive matrices. The findings highlight important considerations to make (i.e., the smoothing effect) when linking public health data and decisions with environmental data from hive products in urban centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Smith
- Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2020-2207 Main Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Dominique Weis
- Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2020-2207 Main Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Young BN, Good N, Peel JL, Benka-Coker ML, Keller JP, Rajkumar S, Walker ES, Volckens J, L’Orange C, Quinn C, Africano S, Osorto Pinel AB, Clark ML. Reduced Black Carbon Concentrations following a Three-Year Stepped-Wedge Randomized Trial of the Wood-Burning Justa Cookstove in Rural Honduras. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2022; 9:538-542. [PMID: 38037640 PMCID: PMC10688445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Household air pollution from cooking-related biomass combustion remains a leading risk factor for global health. Black carbon (BC) is an important component of particulate matter (PM) in household air pollution. We evaluated the impact of the engineered, wood-burning Justa stove intervention on BC concentrations. Methods We conducted a 3-year stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial with 6 repeated visits among 230 female primary cooks in rural Honduras. Participants used traditional stoves at baseline and were randomized to receive the Justa after visit 2 or after visit 4. At each visit, we measured 24-hour gravimetric personal and kitchen fine PM (PM2.5) concentrations and estimated BC mass concentrations (Sootscan Transmissometer). We conducted intent-to-treat analyses using linear mixed models with natural log-transformed 24-hour personal and kitchen BC. Results BC concentrations were reduced for households assigned to the Justa vs. traditional stoves: e.g., personal BC geometric mean (GSD), 3.6 μg/m3 (6.4) vs. 11.5 μg/m3 (4.6), respectively. Following the intervention, we observed 53% (95% CI: 35-65%) lower geometric mean personal BC concentrations and 76% (95% CI: 66-83%) lower geometric mean kitchen BC concentrations. Conclusions The Justa stove intervention substantially reduced BC concentrations, mitigating household air pollution and potentially benefitting human and climate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie N. Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Nicholas Good
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | | | - Joshua P. Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Sarah Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ethan S. Walker
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Christian L’Orange
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | | | - Anibal B. Osorto Pinel
- Trees, Water & People, Fort Collins, CO, 80524, USA
- Asociación Hondureña para el Desarrollo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Maggie L. Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Lee MS, Eum KD, Golam M, Quamruzzaman Q, Kile ML, Mazumdar M, Christiani DC. Household use of crop residues and fuelwood for cooking and newborn birth size in rural Bangladesh. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:333-338. [PMID: 35228261 PMCID: PMC9010366 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-107908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between type of cooking biomass fuels (crop residues vs fuelwood) and newborn birth outcomes in Bangladeshi children. METHODS In this birth cohort study, pregnant women who were 18 years or older with ultrasound confirmed singleton pregnancy of ≤16 weeks of gestation were enrolled from two Bangladesh clinics between January 2008 and June 2011. Exposure to cooking biomass fuels during pregnancy was assessed by an administered questionnaire. The newborn size metrics were measured at the time of delivery. We used multiple linear regression and logistic regression to assess the associations between the type of cooking biomass fuels and birth outcomes after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS A total of 1137 participants were using biomass fuels, including crop residues (30.3%) and fuelwood (69.7%), respectively, for cooking. After adjusting for covariates, the use of crop residues for cooking was associated with a 0.13 SD decrease in birth length (95% CI 0.25 to -0.01), a 0.14 SD decrease in head circumference (95% CI -0.27 to -0.02), and increased risk of low birth weight (LBW, OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.15) compared with the use of fuelwood. CONCLUSION The use of crop residues for cooking was associated with reduced birth size and increased risk for LBW in Bangladeshi children, implying that the use of crop residues during pregnancy may have a detrimental effect on fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ki-Do Eum
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Molly L Kile
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Maitreyi Mazumdar
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Impacts of Household Coal Combustion on Indoor Ultrafine Particles—A Preliminary Case Study and Implication on Exposure Reduction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095161. [PMID: 35564556 PMCID: PMC9101610 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) significantly affect human health and climate. UFPs can be produced largely from the incomplete burning of solid fuels in stoves; however, indoor UFPs are less studied compared to outdoor UFPs, especially in coal-combustion homes. In this study, indoor and outdoor UFP concentrations were measured simultaneously by using a portable instrument, and internal and outdoor source contributions to indoor UFPs were estimated using a statistical approach based on highly temporally resolved data. The total concentrations of indoor UFPs in a rural household with the presence of coal burning were as high as 1.64 × 105 (1.32 × 105–2.09 × 105 as interquartile range) #/cm3, which was nearly one order of magnitude higher than that of outdoor UFPs. Indoor UFPs were unimodal, with the greatest abundance of particles in the size range of 31.6–100 nm. The indoor-to-outdoor ratio of UFPs in a rural household was about 6.4 (2.7–16.0), while it was 0.89 (0.88–0.91) in a home without strong internal sources. A dynamic process illustrated that the particle number concentration increased by ~5 times during the coal ignition period. Indoor coal combustion made up to over 80% of indoor UFPs, while in an urban home without coal combustion sources indoors, the outdoor sources may contribute to nearly 90% of indoor UFPs. A high number concentration and a greater number of finer particles in homes with the presence of coal combustion indicated serious health hazards associated with UFP exposure and the necessity for future controls on indoor UFPs.
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Wang Y, Shupler M, Birch A, Chu YL, Jeronimo M, Rangarajan S, Mustaha M, Heenan L, Seron P, Lanas F, Salazar L, Saavedra N, Oliveros MJ, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Camacho PA, Otero J, Perez-Mayorga M, Yeates K, West N, Ncube T, Ncube B, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Khan A, Liu Z, Bo H, Wei L, Tse LA, Mohan D, Kumar P, Gupta R, Mohan I, Jayachitra KG, Mony PK, Rammohan K, Nair S, Lakshmi PVM, Sagar V, Khawaja R, Iqbal R, Kazmi K, Yusuf S, Brauer M, Hystad P. Measuring and predicting personal and household Black Carbon levels from 88 communities in eight countries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151849. [PMID: 34822894 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Black Carbon (BC) is an important component of household air pollution (HAP) in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), but levels and drivers of exposure are poorly understood. As part of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study, we analyzed 48-hour BC measurements for 1187 individual and 2242 household samples from 88 communities in 8 LMICs (Bangladesh, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe). Light absorbance (10-5 m-1) of collected PM2.5 filters, a proxy for BC concentrations, was calculated via an image-based reflectance method. Surveys of household/personal characteristics and behaviors were collected after monitoring. The geometric mean (GM) of personal and household BC measures was 2.4 (3.3) and 3.5 (3.9)·10-5 m-1, respectively. The correlation between BC and PM2.5 was r = 0.76 for personal and r = 0.82 for household measures. A gradient of increasing BC concentrations was observed for cooking fuels: BC increased 53% (95%CI: 30, 79) for coal, 142% (95%CI: 117, 169) for wood, and 190% (95%CI: 149, 238) for other biomass, compared to gas. Each hour of cooking was associated with an increase in household (5%, 95%CI: 3, 7) and personal (5%, 95%CI: 2, 8) BC; having a window in the kitchen was associated with a decrease in household (-38%, 95%CI: -45, -30) and personal (-31%, 95%CI: -44, -15) BC; and cooking on a mud stove, compared to a clean stove, was associated with an increase in household (125%, 95%CI: 96, 160) and personal (117%, 95%CI: 71, 117) BC. Male participants only had slightly lower personal BC (-0.6%, 95%CI: -1, 0.0) compared to females. In multivariate models, we were able to explain 46-60% of household BC variation and 33-54% of personal BC variation. These data and models provide new information on exposure to BC in LMICs, which can be incorporated into future exposure assessments, health research, and policy surrounding HAP and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Shupler
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Birch
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yen Li Chu
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Jeronimo
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maha Mustaha
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Heenan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul A Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Johnna Otero
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Maritza Perez-Mayorga
- Facultad de Medicina Universidad Militar Nueva Granada and Clinica de Marly, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Karen Yeates
- Pamoja Tunaweza Research Centre, Moshi, Tanzania; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicola West
- Pamoja Tunaweza Research Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tatenda Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Brian Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rita Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afreen Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Hu Bo
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Li Wei
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - L A Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Deepa Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Indu Mohan
- Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - K G Jayachitra
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Prem K Mony
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Kamala Rammohan
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - Sanjeev Nair
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Sagar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rehman Khawaja
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khawar Kazmi
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
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Huang Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Chen L, Chen Y, Du W, Liu M. Household PM 2.5 pollution in rural Chinese homes: Levels, dynamic characteristics and seasonal variations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:153085. [PMID: 35038528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Humans generally spend most of their time indoors, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in indoor air can have seriously adverse effects on human health due to the long exposure time. This study conducted field measurements to explore seasonal variations of PM2.5 concentrations in household air by revisiting the same rural homes in southern China and factors influencing indoor PM2.5 concentrations were explored mainly by one-way ANOVA. The PM2.5 concentrations of outdoor, kitchen and living room air were 38.9 ± 12.2, 47.1 ± 20.3 and 50.8 ± 24.1 μg/m3 in summer, respectively, which were 2.3 to 2.9 times lower than those in winter (p < 0.05). The lower indoor PM2.5 pollution in summer was attributed to the transition to clean household energy and better ventilation. Fuel type can significantly affect PM2.5 concentrations in the kitchen, with greater PM2.5 pollution associated with wood combustion than electricity. Our study firstly found mosquito coil emission was an important contributor to PM2.5 in the living room of rural households, which should be investigated further. Dynamic variations of PM2.5 suggested that cooking, heating and mosquito coil emission can rapidly increase indoor PM2.5 concentrations (up to one order of magnitude higher than baseline values), as well as the indoor/outdoor PM2.5 ratios. This study had the first insight of seasonal differences of household PM2.5 in the same rural homes using real-time monitors, confirming the different patterns and characteristics of household PM2.5 pollution in different seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanchen Chen
- College of Environment, Research Centre of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Tseng TWJ, Carter E, Yan L, Chan Q, Elliott P, Ezzati M, Kelly F, Schauer JJ, Wu Y, Yang X, Zhao L, Baumgartner J. Household air pollution from solid fuel use as a dose-dependent risk factor for cognitive impairment in northern China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6187. [PMID: 35418188 PMCID: PMC9008006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use and cognition remains poorly understood. Among 401 older adults in peri-urban northern China enrolled in the INTERMAP-China Prospective Study, we estimated the associations between exposure to HAP and z-standardized domain-specific and overall cognitive scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Interquartile range increases in exposures to fine particulate matter (53.2-µg/m3) and black carbon (0.9-µg/m3) were linearly associated with lower overall cognition [- 0.13 (95% confidence interval: - 0.22, - 0.04) and - 0.10 (- 0.19, - 0.01), respectively]. Using solid fuel indoors and greater intensity of its use were also associated with lower overall cognition (range of point estimates: - 0.13 to - 0.03), though confidence intervals included zero. Among individual cognitive domains, attention had the largest associations with most exposure measures. Our findings indicate that exposure to HAP may be a dose-dependent risk factor for cognitive impairment. As exposure to HAP remains pervasive in China and worldwide, reducing exposure through the promotion of less-polluting stoves and fuels may be a population-wide intervention strategy to lessen the burden of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Wei Joy Tseng
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1130 Pine Ave W, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Ellison Carter
- Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Queenie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Imperial College London Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Majid Ezzati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Frank Kelly
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James J Schauer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
- Environmental Chemistry & Technology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1130 Pine Ave W, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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45
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Benka-Coker ML, Clark ML, Rajkumar S, Young BN, Bachand AM, Brook RD, Nelson TL, Volckens J, Reynolds SJ, Wilson A, L'Orange C, Good N, Quinn C, Koehler K, Africano S, Osorto Pinel AB, Diaz-Sanchez D, Neas L, Peel JL. Household air pollution from wood-burning cookstoves and C-reactive protein among women in rural Honduras. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 241:113949. [PMID: 35259686 PMCID: PMC8934269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Household air pollution from solid fuel combustion was estimated to cause 2.31 million deaths worldwide in 2019; cardiovascular disease is a substantial contributor to the global burden. We evaluated the cross-sectional association between household air pollution (24-h gravimetric kitchen and personal particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC)) and C-reactive protein (CRP) measured in dried blood spots among 107 women in rural Honduras using wood-burning traditional or Justa (an engineered combustion chamber) stoves. A suite of 6 additional markers of systemic injury and inflammation were considered in secondary analyses. We adjusted for potential confounders and assessed effect modification of several cardiovascular-disease risk factors. The median (25th, 75th percentiles) 24-h-average personal PM2.5 concentration was 115 μg/m3 (65,154 μg/m3) for traditional stove users and 52 μg/m3 (39, 81 μg/m3) for Justa stove users; kitchen PM2.5 and BC had similar patterns. Higher concentrations of PM2.5 and BC were associated with higher levels of CRP (e.g., a 25% increase in personal PM2.5 was associated with a 10.5% increase in CRP [95% CI: 1.2-20.6]). In secondary analyses, results were generally consistent with a null association. Evidence for effect modification between pollutant measures and four different cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., high blood pressure) was inconsistent. These results support the growing evidence linking household air pollution and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Benka-Coker
- Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Maggie L Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sarah Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Bonnie N Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Annette M Bachand
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tracy L Nelson
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Stephen J Reynolds
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christian L'Orange
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Good
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kirsten Koehler
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Anibal B Osorto Pinel
- Trees, Water & People, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Asociación Hondureña para el Desarrollo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - David Diaz-Sanchez
- U.S. Environmental Protectection Agency, ORD, NHEERL, Environmental Public Health Divsion, USA
| | - Lucas Neas
- U.S. Environmental Protectection Agency, ORD, NHEERL, Environmental Public Health Divsion, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Kumar P, Hama S, Abbass RA, Nogueira T, Brand VS, Wu HW, Abulude FO, Adelodun AA, Anand P, Andrade MDF, Apondo W, Asfaw A, Aziz KH, Cao SJ, El-Gendy A, Indu G, Kehbila AG, Ketzel M, Khare M, Kota SH, Mamo T, Manyozo S, Martinez J, McNabola A, Morawska L, Mustafa F, Muula AS, Nahian S, Nardocci AC, Nelson W, Ngowi AV, Njoroge G, Olaya Y, Omer K, Osano P, Sarkar Pavel MR, Salam A, Santos ELC, Sitati C, Shiva Nagendra SM. In-kitchen aerosol exposure in twelve cities across the globe. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107155. [PMID: 35278800 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poor ventilation and polluting cooking fuels in low-income homes cause high exposure, yet relevant global studies are limited. We assessed exposure to in-kitchen particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) employing similar instrumentation in 60 low-income homes across 12 cities: Dhaka (Bangladesh); Chennai (India); Nanjing (China); Medellín (Colombia); São Paulo (Brazil); Cairo (Egypt); Sulaymaniyah (Iraq); Addis Ababa (Ethiopia); Akure (Nigeria); Blantyre (Malawi); Dar-es-Salaam (Tanzania) and Nairobi (Kenya). Exposure profiles of kitchen occupants showed that fuel, kitchen volume, cooking type and ventilation were the most prominent factors affecting in-kitchen exposure. Different cuisines resulted in varying cooking durations and disproportional exposures. Occupants in Dhaka, Nanjing, Dar-es-Salaam and Nairobi spent > 40% of their cooking time frying (the highest particle emitting cooking activity) compared with ∼ 68% of time spent boiling/stewing in Cairo, Sulaymaniyah and Akure. The highest average PM2.5 (PM10) concentrations were in Dhaka 185 ± 48 (220 ± 58) μg m-3 owing to small kitchen volume, extensive frying and prolonged cooking compared with the lowest in Medellín 10 ± 3 (14 ± 2) μg m-3. Dual ventilation (mechanical and natural) in Chennai, Cairo and Sulaymaniyah reduced average in-kitchen PM2.5 and PM10 by 2.3- and 1.8-times compared with natural ventilation (open doors) in Addis Ababa, Dar-es-Salam and Nairobi. Using charcoal during cooking (Addis Ababa, Blantyre and Nairobi) increased PM2.5 levels by 1.3- and 3.1-times compared with using natural gas (Nanjing, Medellin and Cairo) and LPG (Chennai, Sao Paulo and Sulaymaniyah), respectively. Smaller-volume kitchens (<15 m3; Dhaka and Nanjing) increased cooking exposure compared with their larger-volume counterparts (Medellin, Cairo and Sulaymaniyah). Potential exposure doses were highest for Asian, followed by African, Middle-eastern and South American homes. We recommend increased cooking exhaust extraction, cleaner fuels, awareness on improved cooking practices and minimising passive occupancy in kitchens to mitigate harmful cooking emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sarkawt Hama
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Rana Alaa Abbass
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Thiago Nogueira
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Veronika S Brand
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Huai-Wen Wu
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Adedeji A Adelodun
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, The Federal University of Technology Akure, 340001, Nigeria
| | - Partibha Anand
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Maria de Fatima Andrade
- Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Araya Asfaw
- Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Kosar Hama Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Shi-Jie Cao
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ahmed El-Gendy
- Department of Construction Engineering, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Gopika Indu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Matthias Ketzel
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mukesh Khare
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Sri Harsha Kota
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Tesfaye Mamo
- Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Aonghus McNabola
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lidia Morawska
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fryad Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Samiha Nahian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - William Nelson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | - Aiwerasia V Ngowi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | | | - Yris Olaya
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia
| | - Khalid Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Md Riad Sarkar Pavel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdus Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Erik Luan Costa Santos
- Department of Environmental Health - School of Public Health - University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - S M Shiva Nagendra
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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47
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Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:130-151. [PMID: 35292927 PMCID: PMC9090712 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Purpose of Review Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 vary with regions, and 75% of the deaths attributable to PM2.5 were estimated in Asia-Pacific in 2017. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing evidence from cohort studies on health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in Asia-Pacific. Recent Findings In Asia-Pacific, 60 cohort studies were conducted in Australia, Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea. They consistently supported associations of long-term exposure to PM2.5 with increased all-cause/non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality as well as with incidence of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Evidence for other health effects was limited. Inequalities were identified in PM2.5-health associations. Summary To optimize air pollution control and public health prevention, further studies need to assess the health effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure in understudied regions, the health effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure on mortality and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, dementia and lung cancer, and inequalities in PM2.5-health associations. Study design, especially exposure assessment methods, should be improved. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40572-022-00344-w.
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48
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Miri M, Rezaei H, Momtaz SM, Najafi ML, Adli A, Pajohanfar NS, Abroudi M, Bazghandi MS, Razavi Z, Alonso L, Tonne C, Basagaña X, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Sunyer J, Nawrot TS, Dadvand P. Determinants of carbon load in airway macrophages in pregnant women. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118765. [PMID: 34973383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The airway macrophages carbon loading (AMCL) has been suggested to be a biomarker of the long-term exposure to air pollution; however, to date no study has characterized AMCL for the pregnancy period. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of AMCL during pregnancy in Iran, a middle-income country. This study was based on a sample of 234 pregnant women with term and normal vaginal delivery who were residing in Sabzevar, Iran (2019). We characterized 35 potential determinants of personal exposure to air pollution for each participant, including six personal, nine indoor, and 20 home-outdoor factors. We applied Deletion/Substitution/Addition algorithm to identify the most relevant determinants that could predict AMCL levels. The median (IQR) of AMCL level was 0.12 (0.30) μm2 with a successful sputum induction in 82.9% (194) of participants. Ambient residential PM2.5 levels were positively associated with higher AMCL levels. On the other hand, increased residential distance to the traffic lights, squares and ring-roads, the duration of opening window per day, and opening window during cooking were inversely associated with AMCL levels. Our findings provide novel insights on the different personal, indoor, and outdoor determinants of personal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy in a middle-income country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Miri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hossein Rezaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Momtaz
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zarand School of Nursing, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Adli
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nasim Sadat Pajohanfar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mina Abroudi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Sadat Bazghandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Zahra Razavi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Lucia Alonso
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Cathryn Tonne
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Lung SCC, Thi Hien T, Cambaliza MOL, Hlaing OMT, Oanh NTK, Latif MT, Lestari P, Salam A, Lee SY, Wang WCV, Tsou MCM, Cong-Thanh T, Cruz MT, Tantrakarnapa K, Othman M, Roy S, Dang TN, Agustian D. Research Priorities of Applying Low-Cost PM 2.5 Sensors in Southeast Asian Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031522. [PMID: 35162543 PMCID: PMC8835170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The low-cost and easy-to-use nature of rapidly developed PM2.5 sensors provide an opportunity to bring breakthroughs in PM2.5 research to resource-limited countries in Southeast Asia (SEA). This review provides an evaluation of the currently available literature and identifies research priorities in applying low-cost sensors (LCS) in PM2.5 environmental and health research in SEA. The research priority is an outcome of a series of participatory workshops under the umbrella of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project–Monsoon Asia and Oceania Networking Group (IGAC–MANGO). A literature review and research prioritization are conducted with a transdisciplinary perspective of providing useful scientific evidence in assisting authorities in formulating targeted strategies to reduce severe PM2.5 pollution and health risks in this region. The PM2.5 research gaps that could be filled by LCS application are identified in five categories: source evaluation, especially for the distinctive sources in the SEA countries; hot spot investigation; peak exposure assessment; exposure–health evaluation on acute health impacts; and short-term standards. The affordability of LCS, methodology transferability, international collaboration, and stakeholder engagement are keys to success in such transdisciplinary PM2.5 research. Unique contributions to the international science community and challenges with LCS application in PM2.5 research in SEA are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Candice Lung
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (S.-Y.L.); (W.-C.V.W.); (M.-C.M.T.)
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27875908
| | - To Thi Hien
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.); (T.C.-T.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza
- Department of Physics, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City 1108, Philippines;
- Air Quality Dynamics Laboratory, Manila Observatory, Quezon City 1108, Philippines;
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh
- Environmental Engineering and Management, SERD, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Puji Lestari
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Abdus Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (A.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (S.-Y.L.); (W.-C.V.W.); (M.-C.M.T.)
| | - Wen-Cheng Vincent Wang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (S.-Y.L.); (W.-C.V.W.); (M.-C.M.T.)
| | - Ming-Chien Mark Tsou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (S.-Y.L.); (W.-C.V.W.); (M.-C.M.T.)
| | - Tran Cong-Thanh
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.H.); (T.C.-T.)
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | - Kraichat Tantrakarnapa
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Murnira Othman
- Institute for Environment and Development (Lestari), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Shatabdi Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (A.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Tran Ngoc Dang
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Dwi Agustian
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40171, Indonesia;
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50
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Shupler M, Hystad P, Birch A, Chu YL, Jeronimo M, Miller-Lionberg D, Gustafson P, Rangarajan S, Mustaha M, Heenan L, Seron P, Lanas F, Cazor F, Jose Oliveros M, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Camacho PA, Otero J, Perez M, Yeates K, West N, Ncube T, Ncube B, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Khan A, Liu Z, Wu S, Wei L, Tse LA, Mohan D, Kumar P, Gupta R, Mohan I, Jayachitra KG, Mony PK, Rammohan K, Nair S, Lakshmi PVM, Sagar V, Khawaja R, Iqbal R, Kazmi K, Yusuf S, Brauer M. Multinational prediction of household and personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) in the PURE cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 159:107021. [PMID: 34915352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Use of polluting cooking fuels generates household air pollution (HAP) containing health-damaging levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Many global epidemiological studies rely on categorical HAP exposure indicators, which are poor surrogates of measured PM2.5 levels. To quantitatively characterize HAP levels on a large scale, a multinational measurement campaign was leveraged to develop household and personal PM2.5 exposure models. METHODS The Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE)-AIR study included 48-hour monitoring of PM2.5 kitchen concentrations (n = 2,365) and male and/or female PM2.5 exposure monitoring (n = 910) in a subset of households in Bangladesh, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. PURE-AIR measurements were combined with survey data on cooking environment characteristics in hierarchical Bayesian log-linear regression models. Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross validation. Predictive models were applied to survey data from the larger PURE cohort (22,480 households; 33,554 individuals) to quantitatively estimate PM2.5 exposures. RESULTS The final models explained half (R2 = 54%) of the variation in kitchen PM2.5 measurements (root mean square error (RMSE) (log scale):2.22) and personal measurements (R2 = 48%; RMSE (log scale):2.08). Primary cooking fuel type, heating fuel type, country and season were highly predictive of PM2.5 kitchen concentrations. Average national PM2.5 kitchen concentrations varied nearly 3-fold among households primarily cooking with gas (20 μg/m3 (Chile); 55 μg/m3 (China)) and 12-fold among households primarily cooking with wood (36 μg/m3 (Chile)); 427 μg/m3 (Pakistan)). Average PM2.5 kitchen concentration, heating fuel type, season and secondhand smoke exposure were significant predictors of personal exposures. Modeled average PM2.5 female exposures were lower than male exposures in upper-middle/high-income countries (India, China, Colombia, Chile). CONCLUSION Using survey data to estimate PM2.5 exposures on a multinational scale can cost-effectively scale up quantitative HAP measurements for disease burden assessments. The modeled PM2.5 exposures can be used in future epidemiological studies and inform policies targeting HAP reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Shupler
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Aaron Birch
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yen Li Chu
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Jeronimo
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Paul Gustafson
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maha Mustaha
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Heenan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela Seron
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul A Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Johnna Otero
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Karen Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Nicola West
- Pamoja Tunaweza Research Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tatenda Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Brian Ncube
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rita Yusuf
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afreen Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Shutong Wu
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Li Wei
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Deepa Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | - Indu Mohan
- Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - K G Jayachitra
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Prem K Mony
- St. John's Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Kamala Rammohan
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - Sanjeev Nair
- Health Action By People, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Sagar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rehman Khawaja
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khawar Kazmi
- Department of Community Health Science, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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