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Turner GA, de’Donato F, Hoeben AD, Nordeng Z, Coleman S, Otto IM, Hajat S, Kovats S. Implementation of climate adaptation in the public health sector in Europe: qualitative thematic analysis. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:544-549. [PMID: 38099866 PMCID: PMC11161147 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptation, to reduce the health impacts of climate change, is driven by political action, public support and events (extreme weather). National adaptation policies or strategies are limited in addressing human health risks and implementation of adaptation in the public health community is not well understood. AIM To identify key issues in climate change adaptation implementation for public health in Europe. METHODS Key informant interviews with decision-makers in international, national and local city governments in 19 European countries. Participants were recruited if a senior decision-maker working in public health, environmental health or climate adaptation. INTERVIEWS ADDRESSED Barriers and levers for adaptation, policy alignment, networks and evidence needs. RESULTS Thirty-two interviews were completed between June and October 2021 with 4 international, 5 national and 23 city/local government stakeholders. Respondents reported inadequate resources (funding, training and personnel) for health-adaptation implementation and the marginal role of health in adaptation policy. A clear mandate to act was key for implementation and resource allocation. Limited cross-departmental collaboration and poor understanding of the role of public health in climate policy were barriers to implementation. CONCLUSIONS Across Europe, progress is varied in implementation of climate adaptation in public health planning. Providing appropriate resources, training, knowledge mobilization and supporting cross-departmental collaboration and multi-level governance will facilitate adaptation to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace A Turner
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Francesca de’Donato
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service - ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Annechien D Hoeben
- Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change and Institute for Environmental Systems Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zuzana Nordeng
- Department of Research Administrative Support, Norwegian Public Health Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Samantha Coleman
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ilona M Otto
- Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change and Institute for Environmental Systems Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Shakoor Hajat
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sari Kovats
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Wang J, Wang P, Liu B, Kinney PL, Huang L, Chen K. Comprehensive evaluation framework for intervention on health effects of ambient temperature. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH 2024; 3:154-164. [PMID: 38646097 PMCID: PMC11031729 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the existence of many interventions to mitigate or adapt to the health effects of climate change, their effectiveness remains unclear. Here, we introduce the Comprehensive Evaluation Framework for Intervention on Health Effects of Ambient Temperature to evaluate study designs and effects of intervention studies. The framework comprises three types of interventions: proactive, indirect, and direct, and four categories of indicators: classification, methods, scope, and effects. We trialed the framework by an evaluation of existing intervention studies. The evaluation revealed that each intervention has its own applicable characteristics in terms of effectiveness, feasibility, and generalizability scores. We expanded the framework's potential by offering a list of intervention recommendations in different scenarios. Future applications are then explored to establish models of the relationship between study designs and intervention effects, facilitating effective interventions to address the health effects of ambient temperature under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Patrick L. Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Buser JM, Bazakare MLI, Kaberuka G, August E, Mukeshimana M, Gray R, Ntasumbumuyange D, Jacobson-Davies FE, Endale T, Tengera O, Smith YR. Strengthening healthcare delivery in Rwanda: Implementation science training for reproductive health researchers. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2024; 40:100980. [PMID: 38733830 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2024.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing the gap between research and practice is crucial for enhancing reproductive healthcare outcomes. In Rwanda and other low- and middle-income countries, bolstering health researchers' implementation science (IS) capacity is essential. We present a pre-post-intervention study assessing the influence of an intensive IS training program on Rwandan reproductive health researchers' perceived IS knowledge and self-efficacy in applying IS in their own research. METHODS To introduce IS principles, we held a one-day training for a diverse cohort of 25 sexual and reproductive health researchers in Rwanda. The training encompassed modules on IS concepts, methodologies, and practical applications. Pre- and post-training assessments gauged changes in participants' perceived IS knowledge and self-efficacy in applying IS in their own work. RESULTS The study revealed a significant improvement in self-efficacy related to performing IS related tasks. Researchers reported heightened confidence in designing and implementing evidence-based interventions. In terms of perceived knowledge, participants retained what they learned at 4 months. The training fostered a collaborative learning environment, encouraging participants to exchange ideas and experiences. CONCLUSION Targeted training in IS appears to enhance reproductive health researchers' capacity to translate research into practice, potentially leading to improved healthcare outcomes in Rwanda. Moving forward, we advocate for the Ministry of Health to establish structures for IS research agenda-setting, particularly for sexual and reproductive health and rights. Ideally, universities, health systems, and research institutions will incorporate IS capacity strengthening into their routine activities. Ongoing training is crucial to reinforce and expand IS knowledge. Our findings are expected to inform future interventions and guide policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Buser
- Center for International Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT), 300 North Ingalls Street, Suite 947, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
| | | | | | - Ella August
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; PREPSS (Pre-Publication Support Service), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | | | - Rachel Gray
- Center for International Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT), 300 North Ingalls Street, Suite 947, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Diomede Ntasumbumuyange
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Faelan E Jacobson-Davies
- Center for International Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT), 300 North Ingalls Street, Suite 947, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Tamrat Endale
- Center for International Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT), 300 North Ingalls Street, Suite 947, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Olive Tengera
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Yolanda R Smith
- Center for International Reproductive Health Training (CIRHT), 300 North Ingalls Street, Suite 947, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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Winters M, Fuller D, Cloutier MS, Harris MA, Howard A, Kestens Y, Kirk S, Macpherson A, Moore S, Rothman L, Shareck M, Tomasone JR, Laberee K, Stephens ZP, Sones M, Ayton D, Batomen B, Bell S, Collins P, Diab E, Giles AR, Hagel BE, Harris MS, Harris P, Lachapelle U, Manaugh K, Mitra R, Muhajarine N, Myrdahl TM, Pettit CJ, Pike I, Skouteris H, Wachsmuth D, Whitehurst D, Beck B. Building CapaCITY/É for sustainable transportation: protocol for an implementation science research program in healthy cities. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e085850. [PMID: 38631827 PMCID: PMC11029507 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improving sustainable transportation options will help cities tackle growing challenges related to population health, congestion, climate change and inequity. Interventions supporting active transportation face many practical and political hurdles. Implementation science aims to understand how interventions or policies arise, how they can be translated to new contexts or scales and who benefits. Sustainable transportation interventions are complex, and existing implementation science frameworks may not be suitable. To apply and adapt implementation science for healthy cities, we have launched our mixed-methods research programme, CapaCITY/É. We aim to understand how, why and for whom sustainable transportation interventions are successful and when they are not. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Across nine Canadian municipalities and the State of Victoria (Australia), our research will focus on two types of sustainable transportation interventions: all ages and abilities bicycle networks and motor vehicle speed management interventions. We will (1) document the implementation process and outcomes of both types of sustainable transportation interventions; (2) examine equity, health and mobility impacts of these interventions; (3) advance implementation science by developing a novel sustainable transportation implementation science framework and (4) develop tools for scaling up and scaling out sustainable transportation interventions. Training activities will develop interdisciplinary scholars and practitioners able to work at the nexus of academia and sustainable cities. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study received approval from the Simon Fraser University Office of Ethics Research (H22-03469). A Knowledge Mobilization Hub will coordinate dissemination of findings via a website; presentations to academic, community organisations and practitioner audiences; and through peer-reviewed articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Winters
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Marie-Soleil Cloutier
- Centre Urbanisation Culture Société, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Anne Harris
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Howard
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yan Kestens
- École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sara Kirk
- Healthy Populations Institute and Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alison Macpherson
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Moore
- School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Linda Rothman
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martine Shareck
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Laberee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Meridith Sones
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darshini Ayton
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brice Batomen
- University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Bell
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Patricia Collins
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ehab Diab
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Audrey R Giles
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brent E Hagel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mike S Harris
- City Futures Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick Harris
- Centre for Health Equity Training, Research and Evaluation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ugo Lachapelle
- Département d'études urbaines et touristiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Manaugh
- Department of Geography and Bieler School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Raktim Mitra
- School of Urban and Regional Planning, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nazeem Muhajarine
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Tiffany Muller Myrdahl
- Department of Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies and Urban Studies Program, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Pettit
- City Futures Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian Pike
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Wachsmuth
- School of Urban Planning, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Whitehurst
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ben Beck
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kinney PL, Ge B, Sampath V, Nadeau K. Health-based strategies for overcoming barriers to climate change adaptation and mitigation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1053-1059. [PMID: 37742936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate change poses an unequivocal threat to the respiratory health of current and future generations. Human activities-largely through the release of greenhouse gases-are driving rising global temperatures. Without a concerted effort to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions or adapt to the effects of a changing climate, each increment of warming increases the risk of climate hazards (eg, heat waves, floods, and droughts) that that can adversely affect allergy and immunologic diseases. For instance, wildfires, which release large quantities of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm (an air pollutant), occur with greater intensity, frequency, and duration in a hotter climate. This increases the risk of associated respiratory outcomes such as allergy and asthma. Fortunately, many mitigation and adaptation strategies can be applied to limit the impacts of global warming. Adaptation strategies, ranging from promotions of behavioral changes to infrastructural improvements, have been effectively deployed to increase resilience and alleviate adverse health effects. Mitigation strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions can not only address the problem at the source but also provide numerous direct health cobenefits. Although it is possible to limit the impacts of climate change, urgent and sustained action must be taken now. The health and scientific community can play a key role in promoting and implementing climate action to ensure a more sustainable and healthy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.
| | - Beverly Ge
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
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Teshome M. The Transformative Role of Adaptation Strategies in Designing Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2023; 44:603-613. [PMID: 37544936 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-023-00740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the growing repository of evidence-informed climate-related health actions and builds a case for transformative adaptation strategies. The health impacts of climate change are far-reaching and diverse, affecting vulnerable populations disproportionately and at varying scales. While adaptation policies and plans are becoming increasingly intersectional, there is limited implementation of health-focused adaptation interventions. Securing finance at scale, for one, is a challenge. Funds are not being mobilized at the rate or scale required. Least developed countries and small island developing states are most at-risk and the least likely to recover, even under conservative global warming scenarios. Thus, this article spotlights opportunities for more resilient and equitable health systems across key dimensions of health surveillance, service delivery, infrastructure, finance, capacity development and policy coherence. Given limits to adaptation, co-benefits of mitigation and adaptation actions will need to be systematically assessed and prioritized to address the residual effects of climate disasters.
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Lyne K, Williams C, Vardoulakis S, Matthews V, Farrant B, Butt A, Walker I, Chu C, Dennekamp M, Espinoza Oyarce DA, Ivers R, Jalaludin B, Jones PJ, Martin K, Rychetnik L. A Research Translation, Implementation and Impact Strategy for the Australian Healthy Environments and Lives (HEAL) Research Network. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6383. [PMID: 37510615 PMCID: PMC10378965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Healthy Environments And Lives (HEAL) is the Australian national research network established to support improvements to health, the Australian health system, and the environment in response to the unfolding climate crisis. The HEAL Network comprises researchers, community members and organisations, policymakers, practitioners, service providers, and other stakeholders from diverse backgrounds and sectors. HEAL seeks to protect and improve public health, reduce health inequities and inequalities, and strengthen health system sustainability and resilience in the face of environmental and climate change, all with a commitment to building on the strengths, knowledge, wisdom, and experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, culture, and communities. Supporting applied research that can inform policy and practice, and effective research translation, implementation, and impact are important goals across the HEAL Network and essential to achieve its intended outcomes. To aid translation approaches, a research translation, implementation, and impact strategy for the HEAL Network was developed. The strategy has been created to inform and guide research translation across HEAL, emphasising communication, trust, partnerships, and co-design with communities and community organisations as well as the decision-makers responsible for public policies and programs. Development of the strategy was guided by research translation theory and practice and the Health in All Policies and Environment in All Policies frameworks. As described in this paper, the strategy is underpinned by a set of principles and outlines preliminary actions which will be further expanded over the course of the HEAL Network's activities. Through these actions, the HEAL Network is well-positioned to ensure successful research translation and implementation across its program of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Lyne
- Centre for Health in All Policies Research Translation, Health Translation SA, SAHMRI, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Carmel Williams
- Centre for Health in All Policies Research Translation, Health Translation SA, SAHMRI, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Veronica Matthews
- University Centre for Rural Health, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Brad Farrant
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Andrew Butt
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Iain Walker
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Cordia Chu
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Martine Dennekamp
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca Ivers
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Penelope J Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Karina Martin
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lucie Rychetnik
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sax Institute, Haymarket, NSW 1240, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Ryan SJ, Lippi CA, Caplan T, Diaz A, Dunbar W, Grover S, Johnson S, Knowles R, Lowe R, Mateen BA, Thomson MC, Stewart-Ibarra AM. The current landscape of software tools for the climate-sensitive infectious disease modelling community. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e527-e536. [PMID: 37286249 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate-sensitive infectious disease modelling is crucial for public health planning and is underpinned by a complex network of software tools. We identified only 37 tools that incorporated both climate inputs and epidemiological information to produce an output of disease risk in one package, were transparently described and validated, were named (for future searching and versioning), and were accessible (ie, the code was published during the past 10 years or was available on a repository, web platform, or other user interface). We noted disproportionate representation of developers based at North American and European institutions. Most tools (n=30 [81%]) focused on vector-borne diseases, and more than half (n=16 [53%]) of these tools focused on malaria. Few tools (n=4 [11%]) focused on food-borne, respiratory, or water-borne diseases. The under-representation of tools for estimating outbreaks of directly transmitted diseases represents a major knowledge gap. Just over half (n=20 [54%]) of the tools assessed were described as operationalised, with many freely available online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie J Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Group, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Catherine A Lippi
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Group, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Avriel Diaz
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Willy Dunbar
- National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Lowe
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain; Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health and Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Torres I, Stewart-Ibarra A, Borbor-Cordova M, Romero-Alvarez D. Health and climate challenges in Ecuador. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 22:100501. [PMID: 37187678 PMCID: PMC10176078 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Stewart-Ibarra
- Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercy Borbor-Cordova
- Pacific International Center for Disaster Risk Reduction (PIC-RRD), Escuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Romero-Alvarez
- Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Corresponding author. Biodiversity Institute, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045-7534, USA.
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Rauchman SH, Locke B, Albert J, De Leon J, Peltier MR, Reiss AB. Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury. Vision (Basel) 2023; 7:vision7020032. [PMID: 37092465 PMCID: PMC10123707 DOI: 10.3390/vision7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface of the eye is directly exposed to the external environment, protected only by a thin tear film, and may therefore be damaged by contact with ambient particulate matter, liquids, aerosols, or vapors. In the workplace or home, the eye is subject to accidental or incidental exposure to cleaning products and pesticides. Organic matter may enter the eye and cause infection. Ocular surface damage can trigger a range of symptoms such as itch, discharge, hyperemia, photophobia, blurred vision, and foreign body sensation. Toxin exposure can be assessed clinically in multiple ways, including via measurement of tear production, slit-lamp examination, corneal staining, and conjunctival staining. At the cellular level, environmental toxins can cause oxidative damage, apoptosis of corneal and conjunctival cells, cell senescence, and impaired motility. Outcomes range from transient and reversible with complete healing to severe and sight-compromising structural changes. Classically, evaluation of tolerance and safety was carried out using live animal testing; however, new in vitro and computer-based, in silico modes are superseding the gold standard Draize test. This review examines how environmental features such as pollutants, temperature, and seasonality affect the ocular surface. Chemical burns to the eye are considered, and approaches to protect the ocular surface are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Locke
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Jacqueline Albert
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Morgan R. Peltier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ 07753, USA
| | - Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
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Hartinger SM, Yglesias-González M, Blanco-Villafuerte L, Palmeiro-Silva YK, Lescano AG, Stewart-Ibarra A, Rojas-Rueda D, Melo O, Takahashi B, Buss D, Callaghan M, Chesini F, Flores EC, Gil Posse C, Gouveia N, Jankin S, Miranda-Chacon Z, Mohajeri N, Helo J, Ortiz L, Pantoja C, Salas MF, Santiago R, Sergeeva M, Souza de Camargo T, Valdés-Velásquez A, Walawender M, Romanello M. The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 20:100470. [PMID: 37125022 PMCID: PMC10122119 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella M. Hartinger
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Corresponding author. Av. Honorio Delgado 430, San Martín de Porres, 15102, Lima, Peru.
| | - Marisol Yglesias-González
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Luciana Blanco-Villafuerte
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Yasna K. Palmeiro-Silva
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- University College London, London, UK
| | - Andres G. Lescano
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Oscar Melo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Cambio Global, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Daniel Buss
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Max Callaghan
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Elaine C. Flores
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, LSHTM, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chrissie Pantoja
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Universidad del Pacífico, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Raquel Santiago
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Armando Valdés-Velásquez
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Wirastri MV, Morrison N, Paine G. The connection between slums and COVID-19 cases in Jakarta, Indonesia: A case study of Kapuk Urban Village. HABITAT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 134:102765. [PMID: 36883042 PMCID: PMC9980904 DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2023.102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has spread world-wide, and with multiple health, social, and economic ramifications. These present a formidable challenge for those belonging to vulnerable communities, such as those living in slums. There is now a growing literature urging attention to this challenge. However, few studies have examined the actual lived realities within these areas using direct, observational research, notwithstanding commentary elsewhere that such close attention is necessary to ensure effective action. This study took this approach in relation to a particular case-study, Kapuk Urban Village, in Jakarta, Indonesia. Drawing on an existing schema involving three spatial scales of slum areas (environs, settlement, and object), the research confirms how different built and socio-economic features can exacerbate vulnerability, and COVID-19 transmission. We also add to the body of knowledge by contributing a dimension of 'ground-level' research engagement. We conclude by discussing related ideas around ensuring community resilience and effective policy implementation, and recommend an "urban acupuncture" approach to encourage government regulations and actions better tailored to such communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicky Morrison
- Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW, 2747, Australia
| | - Greg Paine
- Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW, 2747, Australia
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Juhas M. Into a Brighter Future. BRIEF LESSONS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2023:143-149. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29544-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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14
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Juhas M. Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases. BRIEF LESSONS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2023:111-122. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29544-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Juhas M. Future Pandemics. BRIEF LESSONS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2023:135-142. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29544-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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