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van der Deure T, Maes T, Huyse T, Stensgaard AS. Climate change could fuel urinary schistosomiasis transmission in Africa and Europe. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17434. [PMID: 39105284 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus is an important intermediate host for trematode parasites causing urogenital schistosomiasis, a tropical disease affecting over 150 million people. Despite its medical importance, uncertainty remains about its global distribution and the potential impacts of climate change on its future spread. Here, we investigate the distribution of B. truncatus, combining the outputs of correlative and mechanistic modelling methods to fully capitalize on both experimental and occurrence data of the species and to create a more reliable distribution forecast than ever constructed. We constructed ensemble correlative species distribution models using 273 occurrence points collected from different sources and a combination of climatic and (bio)physical environmental variables. Additionally, a mechanistic thermal suitability model was constructed, parameterized by recent life-history data obtained through extensive lab-based snail-temperature experiments and supplemented with an extensive literature review. Our findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for B. truncatus encompasses the Sahel region, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean segment of Africa, stretching from Southern Europe to Mozambique. Regions identified as suitable by both methods generally coincide with areas exhibiting high urogenital schistosomiasis prevalence. Model projections into the future suggest an overall net increase in suitable area of up to 17%. New suitable habitat is in Southern Europe, the Middle East, and large parts of Central Africa, while suitable habitat will be lost in the Sahel region. The change in snail habitat suitability may substantially increase the risk of urogenital schistosomiasis transmission in parts of Africa and Southern Europe while reducing it in the Sahel region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiem van der Deure
- Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Maes
- Laboratory for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Huyse
- Laboratory for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Invertebrates, Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Anna-Sofie Stensgaard
- Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gaye PM, Ndiaye EHI, Doucouré S, Sow D, Gaye M, Goumballa N, Cassagne C, L'Ollivier C, Medianikov O, Sokhna C, Ranque S. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry traces the geographical source of Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskalii, involved in schistosomiasis transmission. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:11. [PMID: 38281969 PMCID: PMC10823745 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Freshwater snails of the genera Bulinus spp., Biomphalaria spp., and Oncomelania spp. are the main intermediate hosts of human and animal schistosomiasis. Identification of these snails has long been based on morphological and/or genomic criteria, which have their limitations. These limitations include a lack of precision for the morphological tool and cost and time for the DNA-based approach. Recently, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, a new tool used which is routinely in clinical microbiology, has emerged in the field of malacology for the identification of freshwater snails. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS to identify Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskalii snail populations according to their geographical origin. METHODS This study was conducted on 101 Bi. pfeifferi and 81 Bu. forskalii snails collected in three distinct geographical areas of Senegal (the North-East, South-East and central part of the country), and supplemented with wild and laboratory strains. Specimens which had previously been morphologically described were identified by MALDI-TOF MS [identification log score values (LSV) ≥ 1.7], after an initial blind test using the pre-existing database. After DNA-based identification, new reference spectra of Bi. pfeifferi (n = 10) and Bu. forskalii (n = 5) from the geographical areas were added to the MALDI-TOF spectral database. The final blind test against this updated database was performed to assess identification at the geographic source level. RESULTS MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified 92.1% of 101 Bi. pfeifferi snails and 98.8% of 81 Bu. forskalii snails. At the final blind test, 88% of 166 specimens were correctly identified according to both their species and sampling site, with LSVs ranging from 1.74 to 2.70. The geographical source was adequately identified in 90.1% of 91 Bi. pfeifferi and 85.3% of 75 Bu. forskalii samples. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that MALDI-TOF MS can identify and differentiate snail populations according to geographical origin. It outperforms the current DNA-based approaches in discriminating laboratory from wild strains. This inexpensive high-throughput approach is likely to further revolutionise epidemiological studies in areas which are endemic for schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papa Mouhamadou Gaye
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- VITROME, International IRD-UCAD Campus, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
- Departement of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, UCAD, 5005, Dakar, Senegal
| | - El Hadj Ibrahima Ndiaye
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- VITROME, International IRD-UCAD Campus, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
- Departement of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, UCAD, 5005, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Doudou Sow
- Department of Parasitology-Mycology, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, 234, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Mapenda Gaye
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Ndiaw Goumballa
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- VITROME, International IRD-UCAD Campus, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Cassagne
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Coralie L'Ollivier
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Medianikov
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Cheikh Sokhna
- VITROME, International IRD-UCAD Campus, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France.
- Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Huguenin A, Kincaid-Smith J, Depaquit J, Boissier J, Ferté H. MALDI-TOF: A new tool for the identification of Schistosoma cercariae and detection of hybrids. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0010577. [PMID: 36976804 PMCID: PMC10081743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected water-born parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma affecting more than 200 million people. Introgressive hybridization is common among these parasites and raises issues concerning their zoonotic transmission. Morphological identification of Schistosoma cercariae is difficult and does not permit hybrids detection. Our objective was to assess the performance of MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assistated Laser Desorption-Ionization–Time Of Flight) mass spectrometry for the specific identification of cercariae in human and non-human Schistosoma and for the detection of hybridization between S. bovis and S. haematobium. Spectra were collected from laboratory reared molluscs infested with strains of S. haematobium, S. mansoni, S. bovis, S. rodhaini and S. bovis x S. haematobium natural (Corsican hybrid) and artificial hybrids. Cluster analysis showed a clear separation between S. haematobium, S. bovis, S. mansoni and S. rodhaini. Corsican hybrids are classified with those of the parental strain of S. haematobium whereas other hybrids formed a distinct cluster. In blind test analysis the developed MALDI-TOF spectral database permits identification of Schistosoma cercariae with high accuracy (94%) and good specificity (S. bovis: 99.59%, S. haematobium 99.56%, S. mansoni and S. rodhaini: 100%). Most misidentifications were between S. haematobium and the Corsican hybrids. The use of machine learning permits to improve the discrimination between these last two taxa, with accuracy, F1 score and Sensitivity/Specificity > 97%. In multivariate analysis the factors associated with obtaining a valid identification score (> 1.7) were absence of ethanol preservation (p < 0.001) and a number of 2–3 cercariae deposited per well (p < 0.001). Also, spectra acquired from S. mansoni cercariae are more likely to obtain a valid identification score than those acquired from S. haematobium (p<0.001). MALDI-TOF is a reliable technique for high-throughput identification of Schistosoma cercariae of medical and veterinary importance and could be useful for field survey in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Huguenin
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA7510 ESCAPE, Reims, France
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, pôle de Biopathologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Julien Kincaid-Smith
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Depaquit
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA7510 ESCAPE, Reims, France
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, pôle de Biopathologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Jérôme Boissier
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - Hubert Ferté
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA7510 ESCAPE, Reims, France
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Babbitt CR, Laidemitt MR, Mutuku MW, Oraro PO, Brant SV, Mkoji GM, Loker ES. Bulinus snails in the Lake Victoria Basin in Kenya: Systematics and their role as hosts for schistosomes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0010752. [PMID: 36763676 PMCID: PMC9949660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The planorbid gastropod genus Bulinus consists of 38 species that vary in their ability to vector Schistosoma haematobium (the causative agent of human urogenital schistosomiasis), other Schistosoma species, and non-schistosome trematodes. Relying on sequence-based identifications of bulinids (partial cox1 and 16S) and Schistosoma (cox1 and ITS), we examined Bulinus species in the Lake Victoria Basin in Kenya for naturally acquired infections with Schistosoma species. We collected 6,133 bulinids from 11 sites between 2014-2021, 226 (3.7%) of which harbored Schistosoma infections. We found 4 Bulinus taxa from Lake Victoria (B. truncatus, B. tropicus, B. ugandae, and B. cf. transversalis), and an additional 4 from other habitats (B. globosus, B. productus, B. forskalii, and B. scalaris). S. haematobium infections were found in B. globosus and B. productus (with infections in the former predominating) whereas S. bovis infections were identified in B. globosus, B. productus, B. forskalii, and B. ugandae. No nuclear/mitochondrial discordance potentially indicative of S. haematobium/S. bovis hybridization was detected. We highlight the presence of Bulinus ugandae as a distinct lake-dwelling taxon closely related to B. globosus yet, unlike all other members of the B. africanus species group, is likely not a vector for S. haematobium, though it does exhibit susceptibility to S. bovis. Other lake-dwelling bulinids also lacked S. haematobium infections, supporting the possibility that they all lack compatibility with local S. haematobium, thereby preventing widespread transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis in the lake's waters. We support B. productus as a distinct species from B. nasutus, B. scalaris as distinct from B. forskalii, and add further evidence for a B. globosus species complex with three lineages represented in Kenya alone. This study serves as an essential prelude for investigating why these patterns in compatibility exist and whether the underlying biological mechanisms may be exploited for the purpose of limiting schistosome transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin R. Babbitt
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina R. Laidemitt
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Martin W. Mutuku
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Polycup O. Oraro
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sara V. Brant
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Gerald M. Mkoji
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eric S. Loker
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
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Senghor B, Webster B, Pennance T, Sène M, Doucouré S, Sow D, Sokhna C. Molecular characterization of schistosome cercariae and their Bulinus snail hosts from Niakhar, a seasonal transmission focus in central Senegal. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2023; 3:100114. [PMID: 36824299 PMCID: PMC9941053 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bulinus senegalensis and Bulinus umbilicatus, two sympatric freshwater snails found in temporal ponds in Senegal, were thought to be involved in the transmission of Schistosoma haematobium and/or Schistosoma curassoni. To better understand the role of these Bulinus species in the transmission of human and animal Schistosoma species, B. senegalensis and B. umbilicatus were collected in 2015, during a malacological survey, from a temporal pond in Niakhar, central Senegal. Snails were induced to shed cercariae on two consecutive days. Individual cercariae from each snail were collected and preserved for molecular identification. Infected snails were identified by analysis of a partial region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. Six individual cercariae shed from each infected snail were identified by analyses of the cox1, nuclear ITS and partial 18S rDNA regions. Of the 98 snails collected, one B. senegalensis had a mixed infection shedding S. haematobium, S. bovis and S. haematobium-S. bovis hybrid cercariae and one B. umbilicatus was found to be shedding only S. haematobium. These data provide molecular confirmation for B. senegalensis transmitting S. bovis and S. haematobium-S. bovis hybrids in Senegal. The multiple Bulinus species involved in the human urogenital schistosomiasis in Senegal provides a high force of transmission warranting detailed mapping, surveillance and regular treatment of at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Senghor
- VITROME, Campus International IRD-UCAD de Hann, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Bonnie Webster
- Natural History Museum, Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Science, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W21PG, UK
| | - Tom Pennance
- Natural History Museum, Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Science, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W21PG, UK
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, 97355, USA
| | - Mariama Sène
- Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques, Agronomiques et de Modélisation des Systems Complexes, UFRS2ATA, Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | | | - Doudou Sow
- Department of Parasitology-Mycology, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, 234, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Cheikh Sokhna
- VITROME, Campus International IRD-UCAD de Hann, 1386, Dakar, Senegal
- VITROME, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, IHU-Mediterranean Infection, Marseille, France
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Miranda GS, Rodrigues JGM, Silva JKADO, Camelo GMA, Silva-Souza N, Neves RH, Machado-Silva JR, Negrão-Corrêa DA. New challenges for the control of human schistosomiasis: The possible impact of wild rodents in Schistosoma mansoni transmission. Acta Trop 2022; 236:106677. [PMID: 36063905 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitic disease caused by digenean trematodes from the genus Schistosoma that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite efforts to control its transmission, this disease remains active within several endemic regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. In addition to the deficits in sanitation and educational structure, another major obstacle hindering the eradication of schistosomiasis is the ability of Schistosoma spp. to naturally infect multiple vertebrate hosts, particularly wild rodents. Due to climate change and other anthropogenic disturbances, contact between humans and wild animals has increased, and this has contributed to more frequent interactions between Schistosoma species that typically infect different hosts. This new transmission dynamic involving Schistosoma spp., humans, wild rodents, and livestock could potentially increase the frequency of Schistosoma hybridization and the establishment of new genotypes and strains. Although it is not currently possible to precisely measure how this biological phenomenon affects the epidemiology and morbidity of schistosomiasis, we speculate that these Schistosoma variants may negatively impact control strategies, treatment regimens, and disease burden in humans. In the present study, we discuss the natural infections of wild rodents with Schistosoma spp., the role of these animals as Schistosoma spp. reservoirs, and how they may select hybrids and strains of Schistosoma mansoni. We also discuss measures required to shed light on the actual role of the wild rodents Nectomys squamipes and Holochilus sciureus in the transmission and morbidity of schistosomiasis in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Silva Miranda
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-010, Brazil; Department of Biology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, Brazil
| | - João Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-010, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Kelvin Alves de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-010, Brazil
| | - Genil Mororó Araújo Camelo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-010, Brazil
| | - Nêuton Silva-Souza
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - Renata Heisler Neves
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Machado-Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Deborah Aparecida Negrão-Corrêa
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP: 31270-010, Brazil.
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Berger DJ, Léger E, Sankaranarayanan G, Sène M, Diouf ND, Rabone M, Emery A, Allan F, Cotton JA, Berriman M, Webster JP. Genomic evidence of contemporary hybridization between Schistosoma species. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010706. [PMID: 35939508 PMCID: PMC9387932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization between different species of parasites is increasingly being recognised as a major public and veterinary health concern at the interface of infectious diseases biology, evolution, epidemiology and ultimately control. Recent research has revealed that viable hybrids and introgressed lineages between Schistosoma spp. are prevalent across Africa and beyond, including those with zoonotic potential. However, it remains unclear whether these hybrid lineages represent recent hybridization events, suggesting hybridization is ongoing, and/or whether they represent introgressed lineages derived from ancient hybridization events. In human schistosomiasis, investigation is hampered by the inaccessibility of adult-stage worms due to their intravascular location, an issue which can be circumvented by post-mortem of livestock at abattoirs for Schistosoma spp. of known zoonotic potential. To characterise the composition of naturally-occurring schistosome hybrids, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 21 natural livestock infective schistosome isolates. To facilitate this, we also assembled a de novo chromosomal-scale draft assembly of Schistosoma curassoni. Genomic analyses identified isolates of S. bovis, S. curassoni and hybrids between the two species, all of which were early generation hybrids with multiple generations found within the same host. These results show that hybridization is an ongoing process within natural populations with the potential to further challenge elimination efforts against schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan J. Berger
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elsa Léger
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Research, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariama Sène
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d’Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Nicolas D. Diouf
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d’Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Muriel Rabone
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan Emery
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Allan
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London, United Kingdom
- Pelagic Ecology Research Group, Scottish Oceans Institute, Gatty Marine Laboratory, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - James A. Cotton
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Research, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Berriman
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Research, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne P. Webster
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Research, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Mating Interactions between Schistosoma bovis and S. mansoni and Compatibility of Their F1 Progeny with Biomphalaria glabrata and Bulinus truncatus. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061251. [PMID: 35744769 PMCID: PMC9227498 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrary to the majority of other Trematoda, Schistosoma species are gonochoric. Consequently, in endemic areas where several schistosome species overlap and can co-infect the same definitive host, there may be frequent opportunities for interspecific pairing. Our experimental study provides novel insight on the pairing behavior between Schistosoma bovis and S. mansoni in mixed infections in mice. We used six mate choice experiments to assess mating interactions between the two schistosome species. We show that mating between the two Schistosoma species is not random and that S. mansoni exhibits greater mate recognition compared to S. bovis. We also performed reciprocal crosses (male S. mansoni × female S. bovis) and (female S. mansoni × male S. bovis) that produce active swimming miracidia. These miracidia were genotyped by ITS2 sequencing and proposed for mollusc infection. Molecular analyses show that all the miracidia are parthenogenetically produced (i.e., their harbor the mother ITS2 genotype) and as a consequence can only infect the mollusc of the maternal species. Offspring produced by male S. mansoni × female S. bovis pairing can only infect Bulinus truncatus whereas offspring produced by female S. mansoni × male S. bovis can only infect Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Evolutionary and epidemiological consequences are discussed.
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Itagaki T, Hayashi K, Ohari Y. The causative agents of fascioliasis in animals and humans: Parthenogenetic Fasciola in Asia and other regions. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 99:105248. [PMID: 35183754 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Parthenogenetic Fasciola is the causative agent of fascioliasis in animals and humans and is widely distributed in Asian countries, such as Japan, South Korea, China, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, and India. Parthenogenetic Fasciola geographically originated from central and eastern China, where it exists between the habitats of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica; it likely appeared thousands of years ago following hybridization between F. hepatica and F. gigantica. Parthenogenetic Fasciola consists of diploids and triploids that possess nuclear genome of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica and mitochondrial genome of either F. hepatica or F. gigantica. Maternal parents of parthenogenetic Fasciola are either F. hepatica having Fh-C4 haplotype or F. gigantica having Fg-C2 haplotype in mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) nucleotide sequences. Parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes with the Fh-C4 haplotype have spread from China to South Korea and Japan, whereas the flukes with the Fg-C2 haplotype have not only spread to Korea and Japan but also southward to Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, and India. Parthenogenetic Fasciola can be distinguished from F. hepatica and F. gigantica using combinational DNA sequence analysis of nuclear phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) and DNA polymerase delta (pold) along with mitochondrial ND1 markers. The establishment of parthenogenetic Fasciola is expected as follows: parthenogenetic diploids with the Fh-C4 and Fg-C2 haplotypes first appeared based on single or multiple interspecific hybridization events; subsequently, parthenogenetic triploids emerged via backcross events between the maternal parthenogenetic diploid and either paternal bisexual F. hepatica or F. gigantica. Parthenogenetic Fasciola diploids and triploids then survived for thousands of years by clonal parthenogenetic reproduction, and generated descendants with ND1 haplotypes, which were derived from the Fh-C4 and Fg-C2 due to nucleotide substitution. Thus, the emergence of parthenogenetic Fasciola may be due to extremely uncommon and accidental events. Parthenogenetic Fasciola should be treated as a new asexual hybrid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Itagaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan.
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari 794-8555, Japan
| | - Yuma Ohari
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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10
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Landeryou T, Rabone M, Allan F, Maddren R, Rollinson D, Webster BL, Tchuem-Tchuenté LA, Anderson RM, Emery AM. Genome-wide insights into adaptive hybridisation across the Schistosoma haematobium group in West and Central Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010088. [PMID: 35100291 PMCID: PMC8803156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern across sub-Saharan Africa; current control programmes rely on accurate mapping and high mass drug administration (MDA) coverage to attempt disease elimination. Inter-species hybridisation can occur between certain species, changing epidemiological dynamics within endemic regions, which has the potential to confound control interventions. The impact of hybridisation on disease dynamics is well illustrated in areas of Cameroon where urogenital schistosomiasis, primarily due to Schistosoma haematobium and hybrid infections, now predominate over intestinal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma guineensis. Genetic markers have shown the ability to identify hybrids, however the underlying genomic architecture of divergence and introgression between these species has yet to be established. In this study, restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) was used on archived adult worms initially identified as; Schistosoma bovis (n = 4), S. haematobium (n = 9), S. guineensis (n = 3) and S. guineensis x S. haematobium hybrids (n = 4) from Mali, Senegal, Niger, São Tomé and Cameroon. Genome-wide evidence supports the existence of S. guineensis and S. haematobium hybrid populations across Cameroon. The hybridisation of S. guineensis x S. haematobium has not been demonstrated on the island of São Tomé, where all samples showed no introgression with S. haematobium. Additionally, all S. haematobium isolates from Nigeria, Mali and Cameroon indicated signatures of genomic introgression from S. bovis. Adaptive loci across the S. haematobium group showed that voltage-gated calcium ion channels (Cav) could play a key role in the ability to increase the survivability of species, particularly in host systems. Where admixture has occurred between S. guineensis and S. haematobium, the excess introgressive influx of tegumental (outer helminth body) and antigenic genes from S. haematobium has increased the adaptive response in hybrids, leading to increased hybrid population fitness and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby Landeryou
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muriel Rabone
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Allan
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosie Maddren
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Rollinson
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bonnie L. Webster
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roy M. Anderson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan M. Emery
- The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Borlase A, Rudge JW, Léger E, Diouf ND, Fall CB, Diop SD, Catalano S, Sène M, Webster JP. Spillover, hybridization, and persistence in schistosome transmission dynamics at the human-animal interface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2110711118. [PMID: 34615712 PMCID: PMC8521685 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110711118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic spillover and hybridization of parasites are major emerging public and veterinary health concerns at the interface of infectious disease biology, evolution, and control. Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of global importance caused by parasites of the Schistosoma genus, and the Schistosoma spp. system within Africa represents a key example of a system where spillover of animal parasites into human populations has enabled formation of hybrids. Combining model-based approaches and analyses of parasitological, molecular, and epidemiological data from northern Senegal, a region with a high prevalence of schistosome hybrids, we aimed to unravel the transmission dynamics of this complex multihost, multiparasite system. Using Bayesian methods and by estimating the basic reproduction number (R0 ), we evaluate the frequency of zoonotic spillover of Schistosoma bovis from livestock and the potential for onward transmission of hybrid S. bovis × S. haematobium offspring within human populations. We estimate R0 of hybrid schistosomes to be greater than the critical threshold of one (1.76; 95% CI 1.59 to 1.99), demonstrating the potential for hybridization to facilitate spread and establishment of schistosomiasis beyond its original geographical boundaries. We estimate R0 for S. bovis to be greater than one in cattle (1.43; 95% CI 1.24 to 1.85) but not in other ruminants, confirming cattle as the primary zoonotic reservoir. Through longitudinal simulations, we also show that where S. bovis and S. haematobium are coendemic (in livestock and humans respectively), the relative importance of zoonotic transmission is predicted to increase as the disease in humans nears elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Borlase
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, United Kingdom;
| | - James W Rudge
- Communicable Diseases Policy Research Group, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Elsa Léger
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas D Diouf
- Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Université de Thiès, Bambey BP 54, Senegal
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, BP 32000 Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Cheikh B Fall
- Service de Parasitologie - Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba D Diop
- Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Université de Thiès, Bambey BP 54, Senegal
| | - Stefano Catalano
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, United Kingdom
| | - Mariama Sène
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, BP 32000 Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Joanne P Webster
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield AL9 7TA, United Kingdom
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12
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Léger E, Borlase A, Fall CB, Diouf ND, Diop SD, Yasenev L, Catalano S, Thiam CT, Ndiaye A, Emery A, Morrell A, Rabone M, Ndao M, Faye B, Rollinson D, Rudge JW, Sène M, Webster JP. Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in human, livestock, and snail populations in northern Senegal: a One Health epidemiological study of a multi-host system. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4:e330-e342. [PMID: 32800151 PMCID: PMC7443702 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of global medical and veterinary importance. As efforts to eliminate schistosomiasis as a public health problem and interrupt transmission gather momentum, the potential zoonotic risk posed by livestock Schistosoma species via viable hybridisation in sub-Saharan Africa have been largely overlooked. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and multi-host, multiparasite transmission cycle of Haematobium group schistosomiasis in Senegal, West Africa. METHODS In this epidemiological study, we carried out systematic surveys in definitive hosts (humans, cattle, sheep, and goats) and snail intermediate hosts, in 2016-18, in two areas of Northern Senegal: Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers, where transmission is perennial; and Barkedji and Linguère, where transmission is seasonal. The occurrence and distribution of Schistosoma species and hybrids were assessed by molecular analyses of parasitological specimens obtained from the different hosts. Children in the study villages aged 5-17 years and enrolled in school were selected from school registers. Adults (aged 18-78 years) were self-selecting volunteers. Livestock from the study villages in both areas were also randomly sampled, as were post-mortem samples from local abattoirs. Additionally, five malacological surveys of snail intermediate hosts were carried out at each site in open water sources used by the communities and their animals. FINDINGS In May to August, 2016, we surveyed 375 children and 20 adults from Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers, and 201 children and 107 adults from Barkedji and Linguère; in October, 2017, to January, 2018, we surveyed 386 children and 88 adults from Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers, and 323 children and 85 adults from Barkedji and Linguère. In Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis in children was estimated to be 87% (95% CI 80-95) in 2016 and 88% (82-95) in 2017-18. An estimated 63% (in 2016) and 72% (in 2017-18) of infected children were shedding Schistosoma haematobium-Schistosoma bovis hybrids. In adults in Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers, the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was estimated to be 79% (52-97) in 2016 and 41% (30-54) in 2017-18, with 88% of infected samples containing S haematobium-S bovis hybrids. In Barkedji and Linguère the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis in children was estimated to be 30% (23-38) in 2016 and 42% (35-49) in 2017-18, with the proportion of infected children found to be shedding S haematobium-S bovis hybrid miracidia much lower than in Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers (11% in 2016 and 9% in 2017-18). In adults in Barkedji and Linguère, the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was estimated to be 26% (17-36) in 2016 and 47% (34-60) in 2017-18, with 10% of infected samples containing S haematobium-S bovis hybrids. The prevalence of S bovis in the sympatric cattle population of Richard Toll and the Lac de Guiers was 92% (80-99), with S bovis also found in sheep (estimated prevalence 14% [5-31]) and goats (15% [5-33]). In Barkedji and Linguère the main schistosome species in livestock was Schistosoma curassoni, with an estimated prevalence of 73% (48-93) in sheep, 84% (61-98) in goats and 8% (2-24) in cattle. S haematobium-S bovis hybrids were not found in livestock. In Richard Toll and Lac de Guiers 35% of infected Bulinus spp snail intermediate hosts were found to be shedding S haematobium-S bovis hybrids (68% shedding S haematobium; 17% shedding S bovis); however, no snails were found to be shedding S haematobium hybrids in Barkedji and Linguère (29% shedding S haematobium; 71% shedding S curassoni). INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that hybrids originate in humans via zoonotic spillover from livestock populations, where schistosomiasis is co-endemic. Introgressive hybridisation, evolving host ranges, and wider ecosystem contexts could affect the transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis and other pathogens, demonstrating the need to consider control measures within a One Health framework. FUNDING Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems programme (UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK Department for International Development, UK Economic and Social Research Council, UK Medical Research Council, UK Natural Environment Research Council, and UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Léger
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Anna Borlase
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; NTD Modelling Consortium, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cheikh B Fall
- Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Nicolas D Diouf
- Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Université de Thiès, Bambey, Senegal; Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Samba D Diop
- Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Université de Thiès, Bambey, Senegal
| | - Lucy Yasenev
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Stefano Catalano
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Cheikh T Thiam
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Alassane Ndiaye
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Aidan Emery
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Parasites and Vectors Division, Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Alice Morrell
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Muriel Rabone
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Parasites and Vectors Division, Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Momar Ndao
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Babacar Faye
- Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - David Rollinson
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Parasites and Vectors Division, Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - James W Rudge
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Communicable Diseases Policy Research Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mariama Sène
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Joanne P Webster
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Savassi BAES, Mouahid G, Lasica C, Mahaman SDK, Garcia A, Courtin D, Allienne JF, Ibikounlé M, Moné H. Cattle as natural host for Schistosoma haematobium (Bilharz, 1852) Weinland, 1858 x Schistosoma bovis Sonsino, 1876 interactions, with new cercarial emergence and genetic patterns. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2189-2205. [PMID: 32468189 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a parasitic infection which poses serious public health consequences around the world, particularly on the African continent where cases of introgression/hybridization between human and cattle schistosomiasis are being discovered on a more frequent basis in humans, specifically between Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis. The aim of this paper is to analyze the occurrence of S. bovis in cattle and its relationship with S. haematobium in an area where cattle and humans share the same site in Benin (West Africa). We used the chronobiology of cercarial emergence as an ecological parameter and both molecular biology (COI mtDNA and ITS rDNA) of the larvae and morphology of the eggs as taxonomic parameters. The results showed a chronobiological polymorphism in the cercarial emergence rhythm. They showed for the first time the presence of S. bovis in Benin, the presence of introgressive hybridization between S. bovis and S. haematobium in domestic cattle, and the presence of atypical chronobiological patterns in schistosomes from cattle, with typical S. haematobium shedding pattern, double-peak patterns, and nocturnal patterns. Our results showed that the chronobiological life-history trait is useful for the detection of new hosts and also may reveal the possible presence of introgressive hybridization in schistosomes. Our results, for the first time, place cattle as reservoir host for S. haematobium and S. bovis x S. haematobium. The consequences of these results on the epidemiology of the disease, the transmission to humans, and the control of the disease are very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris A E S Savassi
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, Bât. R, F-66860, Perpignan, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01BP526, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gabriel Mouahid
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, Bât. R, F-66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Chrystelle Lasica
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, Bât. R, F-66860, Perpignan, France
| | | | - André Garcia
- UMR 261 MERIT, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - David Courtin
- UMR 261 MERIT, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Allienne
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, Bât. R, F-66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Moudachirou Ibikounlé
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01BP526, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Hélène Moné
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, Bât. R, F-66860, Perpignan, France.
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14
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Pennance T, Allan F, Emery A, Rabone M, Cable J, Garba AD, Hamidou AA, Webster JP, Rollinson D, Webster BL. Interactions between Schistosoma haematobium group species and their Bulinus spp. intermediate hosts along the Niger River Valley. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:268. [PMID: 32448268 PMCID: PMC7247258 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urogenital schistosomiasis, caused by infection with Schistosoma haematobium, is endemic in Niger but complicated by the presence of Schistosoma bovis, Schistosoma curassoni and S. haematobium group hybrids along with various Bulinus snail intermediate host species. Establishing the schistosomes and snails involved in transmission aids disease surveillance whilst providing insights into snail-schistosome interactions/compatibilities and biology. Methods Infected Bulinus spp. were collected from 16 villages north and south of the Niamey region, Niger, between 2011 and 2015. From each Bulinus spp., 20–52 cercariae shed were analysed using microsatellite markers and a subset identified using the mitochondrial (mt) cox1 and nuclear ITS1 + 2 and 18S DNA regions. Infected Bulinus spp. were identified using both morphological and molecular analysis (partial mt cox1 region). Results A total of 87 infected Bulinus from 24 sites were found, 29 were molecularly confirmed as B. truncatus, three as B. forskalii and four as B. globosus. The remaining samples were morphologically identified as B. truncatus (n = 49) and B. forskalii (n = 2). The microsatellite analysis of 1124 cercariae revealed 186 cercarial multilocus genotypes (MLGs). Identical cercarial genotypes were frequently (60%) identified from the same snail (clonal populations from a single miracidia); however, several (40%) of the snails had cercariae of different genotypes (2–10 MLG’s) indicating multiple miracidial infections. Fifty-seven of the B. truncatus and all of the B. forskalii and B. globosus were shedding the Bovid schistosome S. bovis. The other B. truncatus were shedding the human schistosomes, S. haematobium (n = 6) and the S. haematobium group hybrids (n = 13). Two B. truncatus had co-infections with S. haematobium and S. haematobium group hybrids whilst no co-infections with S. bovis were observed. Conclusions This study has advanced our understanding of human and bovid schistosomiasis transmission in the Niger River Valley region. Human Schistosoma species/forms (S. haematobium and S. haematobium hybrids) were found transmitted only in five villages whereas those causing veterinary schistosomiasis (S. bovis), were found in most villages. Bulinus truncatus was most abundant, transmitting all Schistosoma species, while the less abundant B. forskalii and B. globosus, only transmitted S. bovis. Our data suggest that species-specific biological traits may exist in relation to co-infections, snail-schistosome compatibility and intramolluscan schistosome development. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Pennance
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK. .,School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK. .,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Fiona Allan
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Aidan Emery
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Muriel Rabone
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Jo Cable
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Amadou Djirmay Garba
- Réseau International Schistosomoses, Environnement, Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL-Niger), 333, Avenue des Zarmakoye, B.P. 13724, Niamey, Niger.,World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amina Amadou Hamidou
- Réseau International Schistosomoses, Environnement, Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL-Niger), 333, Avenue des Zarmakoye, B.P. 13724, Niamey, Niger
| | - Joanne P Webster
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK.,Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases (CEEED), Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - David Rollinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bonnie L Webster
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK. .,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Pl, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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15
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No barrier breakdown between human and cattle schistosome species in the Senegal River Basin in the face of hybridisation. Int J Parasitol 2019; 49:1039-1048. [PMID: 31734338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is widely distributed along the Senegal River Basin (SRB), affecting both the human population and their livestock. Damming of the Senegal River for irrigation purposes in the 1980s induced ecological changes that resulted in a large outbreak of Schistosoma mansoni, followed a few years later by an increase and spread of Schistosoma haematobium infections. The presence of hybrid crosses between the human and cattle schistosomes, S. haematobium and Schistosoma bovis, respectively, is adding complexity to the disease epidemiology in this area, and questions the strength of the species boundary between these two species. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of S. haematobium, S. bovis and their hybrids along the Senegal River basin using both microsatellite genetic markers and analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers. Human schistosome populations with a S. haematobium cox1 mtDNA profile and those with a S. bovis cox1 mtDNA profile (the so-called hybrids) appear to belong to a single randomly mating population, strongly differentiated from the pure S. bovis found in cattle. These results suggest that, in northern Senegal, a strong species boundary persists between human and cattle schistosome species and there is no prolific admixing of the populations. In addition, we found that in the SRB S. haematobium was spatially more differentiated in comparison to S. mansoni. This may be related either to the presence and susceptibility of the intermediate snail hosts, or to the colonisation history of the parasite.
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16
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Tian-Bi YNT, Webster B, Konan CK, Allan F, Diakité NR, Ouattara M, Salia D, Koné A, Kakou AK, Rabone M, Coulibaly JT, Knopp S, Meïté A, Utzinger J, N'Goran EK, Rollinson D. Molecular characterization and distribution of Schistosoma cercariae collected from naturally infected bulinid snails in northern and central Côte d'Ivoire. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:117. [PMID: 30890180 PMCID: PMC6423847 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate identification of schistosome species infecting intermediate host snails is important for understanding parasite transmission, schistosomiasis control and elimination. Cercariae emerging from infected snails cannot be precisely identified morphologically to the species level. We used molecular tools to clarify the distribution of the Schistosoma haematobium group species infecting bulinid snails in a large part of Côte d’Ivoire and confirmed the presence of interspecific hybrid schistosomes. Methods Between June 2016 and March 2017, Bulinus snails were sampled in 164 human-water contact sites from 22 villages of the northern and central parts of Côte d’Ivoire. Multi-locus genetic analysis (mitochondrial cox1 and nuclear ITS) was performed on individual schistosome cercariae shed from snails, in the morning and in the afternoon, for species and hybrid identification. Results Overall, 1923 Bulinus truncatus, 255 Bulinus globosus and 1424 Bulinus forskalii were obtained. Among 2417 Bulinus screened, 25 specimens (18 B. truncatus and seven B. globosus) shed schistosomes, with up to 14% infection prevalence per site and time point. Globally, infection rates per time point ranged between 0.6 and 4%. Schistosoma bovis, S. haematobium and S. bovis × S. haematobium hybrids infected 0.5%, 0.2% and 0.4% of the snails screened, respectively. Schistosoma bovis and hybrids were more prevalent in B. truncatus, whereas S. haematobium and hybrid infections were more prevalent in B. globosus. Schistosoma bovis-infected Bulinus were predominantly found in northern sites, while S. haematobium and hybrid infected snails were mainly found in central parts of Côte d’Ivoire. Conclusions The data highlight the necessity of using molecular tools to identify and understand which schistosome species are transmitted by specific intermediate host snails. The study deepens our understanding of the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of S. haematobium and S. bovis in Côte d’Ivoire and provides the first conclusive evidence for the transmission of S. haematobium × S. bovis hybrids in this West African country. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN10926858. Registered 21 December 2016; retrospectively registered (see: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN10926858) Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3381-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves-Nathan T Tian-Bi
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bonnie Webster
- Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Cyrille K Konan
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Fiona Allan
- Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Nana R Diakité
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Mamadou Ouattara
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Diabaté Salia
- Centre d'Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara de Bouaké, 27 BP 529, Abidjan 27, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Amani Koné
- Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, Ministère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique, Boulevard Du Port (Chu)-Treichville, Bp V 14, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Adolphe K Kakou
- Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, Ministère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique, Boulevard Du Port (Chu)-Treichville, Bp V 14, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Muriel Rabone
- Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Jean T Coulibaly
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Knopp
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aboulaye Meïté
- Programme National de Lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales Négligées à Chimiothérapie Préventive (PNLMTN-CP), Ministère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique, 06 BP 6394, Abidjan 06, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eliézer K N'Goran
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 770, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - David Rollinson
- Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
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17
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Le Govic Y, Kincaid-Smith J, Allienne JF, Rey O, de Gentile L, Boissier J. Schistosoma haematobium-Schistosoma mansoni Hybrid Parasite in Migrant Boy, France, 2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:365-367. [PMID: 30526763 PMCID: PMC6346478 DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.172028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is frequently detected in persons entering Europe. In 2017, we detected a Schistosoma mansoni–Schistosoma haematobium hybrid parasite infection in a migrant boy from Côte d’Ivoire entering France. Because such parasites might be established in Europe, as illustrated by an outbreak on Corsica Island, vectors of these parasites should be investigated.
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18
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Sanogo B, Yuan D, Zeng X, Zhang Y, Wu Z. RETRACTED: Diversity and Compatibility of Human Schistosomes and Their Intermediate Snail Hosts. Trends Parasitol 2018; 34:493-510. [PMID: 29627269 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal) This article has been retracted at the request of the authors: Benjamin Sanogo, Dongjuan Yuan, Xin Zeng, Yanhua Zhang, and Zhongdao Wu. Our article reviews the evolution, geography, diversity, genetics and host-compatibility of human schistosomes and their hosts. It has come to our attention that readers have found some of the content in the article to be confusing or misleading. As authors, we have tried our best to share our scientific discovery and understanding faithfully, but we also agree that scientific reports should stand up to doubt and discussion. After serious consideration, to avoid confusion in the Schistosoma research community, we are retracting the Review. We apologize to the community for any inconvenience we have caused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sanogo
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongjuan Yuan
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
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19
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Barcoding hybrids: heterogeneous distribution of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids across the Senegal River Basin. Parasitology 2018; 145:634-645. [PMID: 29667570 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization events between Schistosoma species (Digenea, Platyhelminthes) are reported with increasing frequency, largely due to improved access to molecular tools. Nevertheless, little is known about the distribution and frequency of hybrid schistosomes in nature. Screening for hybrids on a large scale is complicated by the need for nuclear and mitochondrial sequence information, precluding a 'simple' barcoding approach. Here we aimed to determine and understand the spatiotemporal distribution of Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids in the Senegal River Basin. From ten villages, distributed over the four main water basins, we genotyped a total of 1236 schistosome larvae collected from human urine samples using a partial mitochondrial cox1 fragment; a subset of 268 parasites was also genotyped using ITS rDNA. Hybrid schistosomes were unevenly distributed, with substantially higher numbers in villages bordering Lac de Guiers than in villages from the Lampsar River and the Middle Valley of the Senegal River. The frequency of hybrids per village was not linked with the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in that village. However, we did find a significant positive association between the frequency of hybrids per village and the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni. We discuss the potential consequences of adopting a barcoding approach when studying hybrids in nature.
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20
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Pila EA, Li H, Hambrook JR, Wu X, Hanington PC. Schistosomiasis from a Snail's Perspective: Advances in Snail Immunity. Trends Parasitol 2017; 33:845-857. [PMID: 28803793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The snail's immune response is an important determinant of schistosome infection success, acting in concert with host, parasite, and environmental factors. Coordinated by haemocytes and humoral factors, it possesses immunological hallmarks such as pattern recognition receptors, and predicted gastropod-unique factors like the immunoglobulin superfamily domain-containing fibrinogen-related proteins. Investigations into mechanisms that underpin snail-schistosome compatibility have advanced quickly, contributing functional insight to many observational studies. While the snail's immune response is important to continue studying from the perspective of evolutionary immunology, as the foundational determinants of snail-schistosome compatibility continue to be discovered, the possibility of exploiting the snail for schistosomiasis control moves closer into reach. Here, we review the current understanding of immune mechanisms that influence compatibility between Schistosoma mansoni and Biomphalaria glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Pila
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G7, Canada; These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G7, Canada; Ocean College, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535099, China; These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Jacob R Hambrook
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G7, Canada; These authors contributed equally to this manuscript
| | - Xinzhong Wu
- Ocean College, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535099, China
| | - Patrick C Hanington
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G7, Canada.
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21
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Kincaid-Smith J, Rey O, Toulza E, Berry A, Boissier J. Emerging Schistosomiasis in Europe: A Need to Quantify the Risks. Trends Parasitol 2017; 33:600-609. [PMID: 28539255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The recent recurrent outbreaks of urogenital schistosomiasis in the south of Europe were unanticipated and caught scientists and health authorities unprepared. It is now time to learn lessons from these outbreaks and to implement concrete procedures in order to better quantify the risks and prevent future outbreaks of schistosomiasis in Europe. In this context, we propose a reflection on the factors that currently hamper our ability to quantify these risks and argue that we are incapable of predicting future outbreaks. We base our reflexion on an ecological two-step filter concept that drives host-parasite interactions, namely the encounter and the compatibility filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Kincaid-Smith
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Olivier Rey
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Eve Toulza
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Antoine Berry
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Toulouse and Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS UMR5282, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Boissier
- Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
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22
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Kincaid-Smith J, Boissier J, Allienne JF, Oleaga A, Djuikwo-Teukeng F, Toulza E. A Genome Wide Comparison to Identify Markers to Differentiate the Sex of Larval Stages of Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma bovis and their Respective Hybrids. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005138. [PMID: 27861520 PMCID: PMC5115654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For scientists working on gonochoric organisms, determining sex can be crucial for many biological questions and experimental studies, such as crossbreeding, but it can also be a challenging task, particularly when no sexual dimorphism is visible or cannot be directly observed. In metazoan parasites of the genus Schistosoma responsible for schistosomiasis, sex is genetically determined in the zygote with a female heterogametic ZW/ZZ system. Adult flukes have a pronounced sexual dimorphism, whereas the sexes of the larval stages are morphologically indistinguishable but can be distinguished uniquely by using molecular methods. Therefore, reliable methods are needed to identify the sex of larvae individuals. Here, we present an endpoint PCR-based assay using female-specific sequences identified using a genome-wide comparative analysis between males and females. This work allowed us to identify sex-markers for Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis but also the hybrid between both species that has recently emerged in Corsica (France). Five molecular sex-markers were identified and are female-specific in S. haematobium and the hybrid parasite, whereas three of them are also female-specific in S. bovis. These molecular markers will be useful to conduct studies, such as experimental crosses on these disease-causing blood flukes, which are still largely neglected but no longer restricted to tropical areas. Current global changes (environmental and anthropogenic) are expected to promote the spread and transmission of infectious diseases. One of the direct consequences of such changes is the modification of the geographical distribution of species, enabling natural hybridization. Such hybridization is already known to occur in schistosomes, and offspring have been shown to have superior virulence and invasive capacities. The recent outbreak of a hybrid between the human- and animal- infecting schistosomes, S. haematobium x S. bovis, in Europe (Corsica, France) clearly demonstrates this invasive capacity and raises the risk of zoonotic transmission. Therefore, it is important to study such hybrids, and experimental crosses are critical to address this issue. Here, we developed molecular sex markers for S. haematobium and S. bovis in order to distinguish gender and to be able to generate differentially introgressed hybrids, allowing us to investigate parasite fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Kincaid-Smith
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Boissier
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Allienne
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Oleaga
- Parasitology Laboratory, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA, CSIC), Cordel de Merinas, Spain
| | | | - Eve Toulza
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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23
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Soentjens P, Cnops L, Huyse T, Yansouni C, De Vos D, Bottieau E, Clerinx J, Van Esbroeck M. Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Schistosoma haematobium-Schistosoma bovis Hybrid Infection in a Cluster of Travelers Returning From Mali. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63:1626-1629. [PMID: 27941144 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten Belgian travelers returned from Mali with a Schistosoma haematobium-Schistosoma bovis hybrid infection, confirmed by DNA sequencing from eggs. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings resembled those of classic acute schistosomiasis, but the detected eggs were morphologically unusual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Soentjens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Antwerp.,Centre for Infectious Diseases, Polyclinic Department
| | - Lieselotte Cnops
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
| | - Tine Huyse
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Antwerp.,Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cedric Yansouni
- J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases.,Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel De Vos
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid, Military Hospital, Brussels
| | - Emmanuel Bottieau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
| | - Jan Clerinx
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
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24
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Hybridizations within the Genus Schistosoma: implications for evolution, epidemiology and control. Parasitology 2016; 144:65-80. [PMID: 27572906 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization of parasites is an emerging public health concern in our changing world. Hybridization and introgression in parasites and pathogens can have major impacts on the host and the epidemiology and evolution of disease. Schistosomiasis is a Neglected Tropical Disease of profound medical and veterinary importance across many parts of the world, with the greatest human burden within sub-Saharan Africa. Here we review how early phenotypic identification and recent confirmation through molecular studies on naturally occurring infections, combined with experimental manipulations, have revealed evidence of viable hybridization and introgressions within and between human and animal schistosome species. Environmental and anthropogenic changes in selective pressures following, for instance, new dam constructions, altered agricultural practices, together with mass drug administration programmes, may all be predicted to further impact the availability of suitable definitive and intermediate hosts for schistosomes. It is therefore imperative to understand the distribution and role of such novel zoonotic hybrid schistosomes on host range, drug efficacy, and hence ultimately transmission potential, if we are to achieve and maintain sustainable control.
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25
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Boissier J, Grech-Angelini S, Webster BL, Allienne JF, Huyse T, Mas-Coma S, Toulza E, Barré-Cardi H, Rollinson D, Kincaid-Smith J, Oleaga A, Galinier R, Foata J, Rognon A, Berry A, Mouahid G, Henneron R, Moné H, Noel H, Mitta G. Outbreak of urogenital schistosomiasis in Corsica (France): an epidemiological case study. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016; 16:971-9. [PMID: 27197551 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(16)00175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease endemic in several tropical and subtropical countries. However, in the summer of 2013, an unexpected outbreak of urogenital schistosomiasis occurred in Corsica, with more than 120 local people or tourists infected. We used a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the epidemiology of urogenital schistosomiasis in Corsica, aiming to elucidate the origin of the outbreak. METHODS We did parasitological and malacological surveys at nine potential sites of infection. With the snails found, we carried out snail-parasite compatibility experiments by exposing snails to schistosome larvae recovered from the urine of a locally infected Corsican patient. Genetic analysis of both mitochondrial (cox1) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer) DNA data from the Schistosoma eggs or miracidia recovered from the infected patients was conducted to elucidate the epidemiology of this outbreak. FINDINGS We identified two main infection foci along the Cavu River, with many Bulinus truncatus snails found in both locations. Of the 3544 snails recovered across all sites, none were naturally infected, but laboratory-based experimental infections confirmed their compatibility with the schistosomes isolated from patients. Molecular characterisation of 73 eggs or miracidia isolated from 12 patients showed infection with Schistosoma haematobium, S haematobium-Schistosoma bovis hybrids, and S bovis. Further sequence data analysis also showed that the Corsican schistosomes were closely related to those from Senegal in west Africa. INTERPRETATION The freshwater swimming pools of the Cavu River harbour many B truncatus snails, which are capable of transmitting S haematobium-group schistosomes. Our molecular data suggest that the parasites were imported into Corsica by individuals infected in west Africa, specifically Senegal. Hybridisation between S haematobium and the cattle schistosome S bovis had a putative role in this outbreak, showing how easily and rapidly urogenital schistosomiasis can be introduced and spread into novel areas where Bulinus snails are endemic, and how hybridisation could increase the colonisation potential of schistosomes. Furthermore our results show the potential risk of schistosomiasis outbreaks in other European areas, warranting close monitoring and surveillance of all potential transmission foci. FUNDING WHO, ANSES, RICET, and the Ministry of Health and Consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Boissier
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France.
| | | | - Bonnie L Webster
- Department of Life Sciences, Parasites and Vectors Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, London, UK
| | - Jean-François Allienne
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Tine Huyse
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Santiago Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eve Toulza
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Hélène Barré-Cardi
- OCIC, ECOTER, Office de l'Environnement de la Corse, Corte, France; Unité de suivi entomologique et de politique de lutte anti vectorielle, Agence régionale de santé de Corse, Ajaccio, France
| | - David Rollinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Parasites and Vectors Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, London, UK
| | - Julien Kincaid-Smith
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Ana Oleaga
- Parasitology Laboratory, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA, CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Richard Galinier
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Joséphine Foata
- Equipe parasites et écosystèmes méditerranéens, UMR 6134 CNRS SPE Science pour l'environnement, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Corte, France
| | - Anne Rognon
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Antoine Berry
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Toulouse and Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS UMR5282, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gabriel Mouahid
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Rémy Henneron
- Hôpital Sainte Marguerite, Hopitaux Sud de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Moné
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Harold Noel
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Montpellier, Perpignan, France
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26
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Coron N, Le Govic Y, Kettani S, Pihet M, Hemery S, de Gentile L, Chabasse D. Early Detection of Schistosoma Egg-Induced Pulmonary Granulomas in a Returning Traveler. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 94:611-4. [PMID: 26787142 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a French traveler who developed acute pulmonary schistosomiasis 2 months after visiting Benin. He presented with a 1-month history of fever, cough, and thoracic pain. Initial investigations revealed hypereosinophilia and multiple nodular lesions on chest computed tomography scan. Lung biopsies were performed 2 months later because of migrating chest infiltrates and increasing eosinophilia. Histological examination showed schistosomal egg-induced pulmonary granulomas with ova exhibiting a prominent terminal spine, resembling Schistosoma haematobium. However, egg shells were Ziehl-Neelsen positive, raising the possibility of a Schistosoma intercalatum or a Schistosoma guineensis infection. Moreover, involvement of highly infectious hybrid species cannot be excluded considering the atypical early pulmonary oviposition. This case is remarkable because of the rarity of pulmonary schistosomiasis, its peculiar clinical presentation and difficulties in making species identification. It also emphasizes the need to consider schistosomiasis diagnosis in all potentially exposed travelers with compatible symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Coron
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Yohann Le Govic
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Sami Kettani
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Marc Pihet
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Sandrine Hemery
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Ludovic de Gentile
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
| | - Dominique Chabasse
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France; Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France; Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France
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27
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Boissier J, Kincaid-Smith J, Berry A, Allienne JF, Fillaux J, Toulza È. [Global changes and snail-borne disease: an hybrid schistosome reaches Europe]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:962-4. [PMID: 26576601 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Boissier
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, université Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Julien Kincaid-Smith
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, université Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Antoine Berry
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Allienne
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, université Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Judith Fillaux
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ève Toulza
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, université Montpellier, F-66860 Perpignan, France
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28
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Ashrafi K, Valero MA, Peixoto RV, Artigas P, Panova M, Mas-Coma S. Distribution of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in the endemic area of Guilan, Iran: Relationships between zonal overlap and phenotypic traits. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 31:95-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Moné H, Minguez S, Ibikounlé M, Allienne JF, Massougbodji A, Mouahid G. Natural Interactions between S. haematobium and S. guineensis in the Republic of Benin. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:793420. [PMID: 22645454 PMCID: PMC3356739 DOI: 10.1100/2012/793420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease which affects millions of people around the world, particularly in Africa. In this continent, different species are able to interbreed, like Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma guineensis, two schistosome species infecting humans. The Republic of Benin is known to harbor S. haematobium, but its geographical situation in between Nigeria, Mali, and Burkina Faso, where S. guineensis was found, raises the question about the possible presence of S. haematobium/S. guineensis hybrids in this country. We conducted morphological analyses on schistosome eggs and molecular analyses on schistosome larvae (high resolution melting (HRM) analysis and gene sequencing) in order to detect any natural interaction between these two species of schistosomes. The morphological results showed the presence of three egg morphotypes (S. haematobium, S. guineensis, and intermediate). Three genotypes were detected by ITS2 rDNA HRM analysis: S. haematobium, S. guineensis, and hybrid, and their percentages confirmed the results of the morphological analysis. However, sequencing of the CO1 mtDNA gene showed that all the samples from Benin belonged to S. haematobium. Our results provide the first evidence of introgression of S. guineensis genes in S. haematobium in Benin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Moné
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Ecologie et Evolution des Interactions, UMR 5244, 66860 Perpignan, France.
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30
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Meurs L, Mbow M, Vereecken K, Menten J, Mboup S, Polman K. Epidemiology of mixed Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium infections in northern Senegal. Int J Parasitol 2012; 42:305-11. [PMID: 22366733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the large overlap of Schistosoma mansoni- and Schistosoma haematobium-endemic regions in Africa, many people are at risk of co-infection, with potential adverse effects on schistosomiasis morbidity and control. Nonetheless, studies on the distribution and determinants of mixed Schistosoma infections have to date been rare. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two communities in northern Senegal (n=857) to obtain further insight into the epidemiology of mixed infections and ectopic egg elimination. Overall prevalences of S. mansoni and S. haematobium infection were 61% and 50%, respectively, in these communities. Among infected subjects, 53% had mixed infections and 8% demonstrated ectopic egg elimination. Risk factors for mixed infection - i.e. gender, community of residence and age - were not different from what is generally seen in Schistosoma-endemic areas. Similar to overall S. mansoni and S. haematobium infections, age-related patterns of mixed infections showed the characteristic convex-shaped curve for schistosomiasis, with a rapid increase in children, a peak in adolescents and a decline in adults. Looking at the data in more detail however, the decline in overall S. haematobium infection prevalences and intensities appeared to be steeper than for S. mansoni, resulting in a decrease in mixed infections and a relative increase in single S. mansoni infections with age. Moreover, individuals with mixed infections had higher infection intensities of both S. mansoni and S. haematobium than those with single infections, especially those with ectopic egg elimination (P<0.05). High infection intensities in mixed infections, as well as age-related differences in infection patterns between S. mansoni and S. haematobium, may influence disease epidemiology and control considerably, and merit further studies into the underlying mechanisms of Schistosoma infections in co-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Meurs
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
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31
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Periago M, Valero M, El Sayed M, Ashrafi K, El Wakeel A, Mohamed M, Desquesnes M, Curtale F, Mas-Coma S. First phenotypic description of Fasciola hepatica/Fasciola gigantica intermediate forms from the human endemic area of the Nile Delta, Egypt. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2008; 8:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2007] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Kalbe M, Haberl B, Hertel J, Haas W. Heredity of specific host-finding behaviour in Schistosoma mansoni miracidia. Parasitology 2004; 128:635-43. [PMID: 15206466 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182004005037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two strains of Schistosoma mansoni were used to investigate the hereditary basis of species-specific host recognition by analysing behavioural responses of miracidia to snail-conditioned water. An Egyptian strain of S. mansoni, capable of distinguishing its host snail Biomphalaria alexandrina from other snails was cycled repeatedly through Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host of a Brazilian strain known to respond even to non-susceptible snails with high intensity. After 5 cycles in the non-natural host, miracidia of the Egyptian strain still retained their preference for the original host snail. In a second experiment, host-finding behaviour of hybrids between these two parasite strains was studied. In the F1 generation, hybrids of both parental combinations showed the same low degree of specificity as the pure-bred Brazilian strain. Approximately one quarter of F2 hybrids proved to be as discriminatory as the Egyptian strain, confirming dominant Mendelian inheritance of non-specificity in schistosome miracidial host-finding behaviour. Moreover, hybrids seem to have lost the ability to develop in B. alexandrina, possibly suggesting a link between host recognition and host compatibility. The heredity of this behavioural trait is of evolutionary and epidemiological significance, since a shift to low host-finding specificity might have been a prerequisite for S. mansoni to acquire new host snails after being introduced to South America by the slave trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kalbe
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Limnology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, D-24306 Plön, Germany.
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