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Gupta S, Kaur R, Sohal JS, Singh SV, Das K, Sharma MK, Singh J, Sharma S, Dhama K. Countering Zoonotic Diseases: Current Scenario and Advances in Diagnostics, Monitoring, Prophylaxis and Therapeutic Strategies. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103037. [PMID: 38981342 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Human life and health have interacted reciprocally with the surrounding environment and animal fauna for ages. This relationship is evident in developing nations, where human life depends more on the animal population for food, transportation, clothing, draft power, and fuel sources, among others. This inseparable link is a potent source of public health issues, especially in outbreaks of zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Zoonotic diseases are referred to as diseases that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. Among the globally emerging diseases in the last decade, 75% are of animal origin, most of which are life-threatening. Since most of them are caused by potent new pathogens capable of long-distance transmission, the impact is widespread and has serious public health and economic consequences. Various other factors also contribute to the transmission, spread, and outbreak of zoonotic diseases, among which industrialization-led globalization followed by ecological disruption and climate change play a critical role. In this regard, all the possible strategies, including advances in rapid and confirmatory disease diagnosis and surveillance/monitoring, immunization/vaccination, therapeutic approaches, appropriate prevention and control measures to be adapted, and awareness programs, need to be adopted collaboratively among different health sectors in medical, veterinary, and concerned departments to implement the necessary interventions for the effective restriction, minimization, and timely control of zoonotic threats. The present review focuses on the current scenario of zoonotic diseases and their counteracting approaches to safeguard their health impact on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Rasanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagdip Singh Sohal
- Centre for Vaccine and Diagnostic Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shoor Vir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kaushik Das
- Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, West Bengal, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, LUVAS, Hisar, Haryana, India; Division of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, SKUAST-J, Jammu, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Auplish A, Raj E, Booijink Y, de Balogh K, Peyre M, Taylor K, Sumption K, Häsler B. Current evidence of the economic value of One Health initiatives: A systematic literature review. One Health 2024; 18:100755. [PMID: 38770400 PMCID: PMC11103946 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Funding and financing for One Health initiatives at country level remain challenging as investments commonly require demonstrated evidence of economic value or returns. The objectives of this review were to i) identify, critically analyse and summarise quantitative evidence of the net economic value of One Health initiatives; ii) document methodologies commonly used in the scientific literature; and iii) describe common challenges and any evidence gaps. Scientific databases were searched for published literature following the PRISMA guidelines and an online survey and workshop with subject matter experts were used to identify relevant grey literature. Studies were included if they reported on quantitative costs and benefits (monetary and non-monetary) and were measured across at least two sectors. Relevant publications were analysed and plotted against the six action tracks of the Quadripartite One Health Joint Plan of Action to help classify the initiatives. Ninety-seven studies were included. Eighty studies involved only two sectors and 78 reported a positive economic value or return. Of those studies that reported a positive return, 49 did not compare with a sectoral counterfactual, 28 studies demonstrated an added value of using a cross-sectoral approach, and 6 studies demonstrated an added value of One Health communication, collaboration, coordination, and capacity building. Included studies most frequently related to endemic zoonotic, neglected tropical and vector-borne diseases, followed by health of the environment and food safety. However, diversity in economic analysis methodology between studies included resulted in difficulty to compare or combine findings. While there is a growing body of evidence of the value of One Health initiatives, a substantial part of the evidence still focuses on "traditional" One Health topics, particularly zoonoses. Developing a standardised and practical approach for One Health economic evaluation will facilitate assessment of the added value and gather evidence for One Health to be invested in and endorsed by multiple sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashima Auplish
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleanor Raj
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Yoeri Booijink
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier Cedex 5 34398, France
| | - Katinka de Balogh
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Peyre
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier Cedex 5 34398, France
| | - Katrin Taylor
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Keith Sumption
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 00153 Rome, Italy
- Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
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Milano A, Robbiati C, Declich S, Calistri P, Pediconi O, Amato L, Paronyan L, Avetisyan L, Manucharyan A, Avetisyan G, Yesayan T, Gevorgyan A, Markosyan T, Dente MG. Assessing the Adoption of One Health Approaches in National Plans to Combat Health Threats: The Pilot of a One Health Conceptual Framework in Armenia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:22. [PMID: 38251220 PMCID: PMC10819525 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to several factors, such as environmental and climate changes, the risk of health threats originating at the human-animal-environment interface, including vector-borne diseases (VBDs) and zoonoses, is increasing. Low-resource settings struggle to counter these multidimensional risks due to their already-strained health systems and are therefore disproportionally affected by the impact caused by these changes. Systemic approaches like One Health (OH) are sought to strengthen prevention and preparedness strategies by addressing the drivers of potential threats with a multidisciplinary and multisectoral approach, considering the whole system at the human-animal-environment interface. The integration of OH in national plans can be challenging due to the lack of effective coordination and collaboration among different sectors. To support the process of knowledge coproduction about the level of OH integration in prevention and preparedness strategies against health threats in Armenia, a situation analysis was performed on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever/virus and anthrax (identified by local stakeholders as priorities to be addressed with the OH approach), and actions to strengthen the national OH system were identified with the support of a OH conceptual framework. The study highlighted that multidisciplinary and multisectoral efforts towards prevention and preparedness against VBDs and zoonoses threats need to be strengthened in Armenia, and priority actions to integrate the OH approach were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Milano
- National Center for Global Health, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Robbiati
- National Center for Global Health, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Declich
- National Center for Global Health, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calistri
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Ombretta Pediconi
- Training and Project Management Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Amato
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lusine Paronyan
- Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases Epidemiology Department, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yerevan 0096, Armenia
| | - Lilit Avetisyan
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yerevan 0096, Armenia
| | - Arsen Manucharyan
- Reference Laboratory Center Reference Laboratory of Episootology, Ectoparasitology and Entomology, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yerevan 0096, Armenia
| | - Georgi Avetisyan
- Veterinary Inspectorate, Food Safety Inspection Body, MoE, Yerevan 0010, Armenia
| | - Tigran Yesayan
- Veterinary Inspectorate, Food Safety Inspection Body, MoE, Yerevan 0010, Armenia
| | - Arman Gevorgyan
- Veterinary Inspectorate, Food Safety Inspection Body, MoE, Yerevan 0010, Armenia
| | | | - Maria Grazia Dente
- National Center for Global Health, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), 00161 Rome, Italy
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Tegegne HA, Bogaardt C, Collineau L, Cazeau G, Lailler R, Reinhardt J, Freeth FTA, Taylor E, Prada JM, Hénaux V. OH-EpiCap: a semi-quantitative tool for the evaluation of One Health epidemiological surveillance capacities and capabilities. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1053986. [PMID: 37250092 PMCID: PMC10213933 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1053986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although international health agencies encourage the development of One Health (OH) surveillance, many systems remain mostly compartmentalized, with limited collaborations among sectors and disciplines. In the framework of the OH European Joint Programme "MATRIX" project, a generic evaluation tool called OH-EpiCap has been developed to enable individual institutes/governments to characterize, assess and monitor their own OH epidemiological surveillance capacities and capabilities. The tool is organized around three dimensions: organization, operational activities, and impact of the OH surveillance system; each dimension is then divided into four targets, each including four indicators. A semi-quantitative questionnaire enables the scoring of each indicator, with four levels according to the degree of satisfaction in the studied OH surveillance system. The evaluation is conducted by a panel of surveillance representatives (during a half-day workshop or with a back-and-forth process to reach a consensus). An R Shiny-based web application facilitates implementation of the evaluation and visualization of the results, and includes a benchmarking option. The tool was piloted on several foodborne hazards (i.e., Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria), emerging threats (e.g., antimicrobial resistance) and other zoonotic hazards (psittacosis) in multiple European countries in 2022. These case studies showed that the OH-EpiCap tool supports the tracing of strengths and weaknesses in epidemiological capacities and the identification of concrete and direct actions to improve collaborative activities at all steps of surveillance. It appears complementary to the existing EU-LabCap tool, designed to assess the capacity and capability of European microbiology laboratories. In addition, it provides opportunity to reinforce trust between surveillance stakeholders from across the system and to build a good foundation for a professional network for further collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henok Ayalew Tegegne
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Carlijn Bogaardt
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucie Collineau
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Géraldine Cazeau
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Renaud Lailler
- University of Paris Est - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Johana Reinhardt
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Frederick T. A. Freeth
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Taylor
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquin M. Prada
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Viviane Hénaux
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
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5
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Feng X, Wang S, Cheng G, Guo X, Zhou X. Editorial: Needs and potential application of One Health approach in the control of vector-borne and zoonotic infectious disease. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1089174. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1089174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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He J, Guo Z, Yang P, Cao C, Xu J, Zhou X, Li S. Social insights on the implementation of One Health in zoonosis prevention and control: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:48. [PMID: 35505361 PMCID: PMC9063255 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-00976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The One Health (OH) concept has been promoted widely around the globe. OH framework is expected to be applied as an integrated approach to support addressing zoonotic diseases as a significant global health issue and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of zoonosis prevention and control. This review is intended to overview the social impact of the implementation of OH on zoonosis prevention and control. Methods A scoping review of studies in the past 10 years was performed to overview the integration feature of OH in zoonosis prevention and control and the social impacts of OH. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies published in English between January 2011 and June 2021. The included studies were selected based on predefined criteria. Results Thirty-two studies were included in this review, and most of them adopted qualitative and semi-qualitative methods. More than 50% of the studies focused on zoonosis prevention and control. Most studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia. Applying OH approach in diseases control integrates policymakers, stakeholders, and academics from various backgrounds. The impact of OH on economic is estimated that it may alleviate the burden of diseases and poverty in the long term, even though more financial support might be needed at the initial stage of OH implementation. OH implementation considers social and ecological factors related to zoonosis transmission and provides comprehensive strategies to assess and address related risks in different communities according to regions and customs. Conclusions Based on reviewed literature, although there seems to be a lack of guidelines for assessing and visualizing the outcomes of OH implementation, which may limit the large-scale adoption of it, evidence on the contributions of implementing OH concepts on zoonosis prevention and control indicates long-term benefits to society, including a better integration of politics, stakeholders and academics to improve their cooperation, a potential to address economic issues caused by zoonosis, and a comprehensive consideration on social determinants of health during zoonosis prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi He
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhaoyu Guo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pin Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chunli Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shizhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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7
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Delesalle L, Sadoine ML, Mediouni S, Denis-Robichaud J, Zinszer K, Zarowsky C, Aenishaenslin C, Carabin H. How are large-scale One Health initiatives targeting infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance evaluated? A scoping review. One Health 2022; 14:100380. [PMID: 35386427 PMCID: PMC8978269 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
While One Health initiatives are gaining in popularity, it is unclear if and how they are evaluated when implementation at scale is intended. The main purpose of this scoping review was to describe how One Health initiatives targeting infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance at a large scale are evaluated. Secondary objectives included identifying the main facilitators and barriers to the implementation and success of these initiatives, and how their impacts were assessed. Twenty-three studies evaluating One Health initiatives were eligible. Most studies included the human (n = 22) and animal (n = 15) sectors; only four included the environment sector. The types of evaluated initiative (non-exclusive) included governance (n = 5), knowledge (n = 6), protection (n = 17), promotion (n = 16), prevention (n = 9), care (n = 8), advocacy (n = 10) and capacity (n = 10). Studies used normative (n = 4) and evaluative (n = 20) approaches to assess the One Health initiatives, the latter including impact (n = 19), implementation (n = 8), and performance (n = 7) analyses. Structural and economic, social, political, communication and coordination-related factors, as well as ontological factors, were identified as both facilitators and barriers for successful One Health initiatives. These results identified a wide range of evaluation methods and indicators used to demonstrate One Health's added values, strengths, and limitations: the inherent complexity of the One Health approach leads to the use of multiple types of evaluation. The strengths and remaining gaps in the evaluation of such initiative highlight the relevance of comprehensive, mixed-method, context-sensitive evaluation frameworks to inform and support the implementation of One Health initiatives by stakeholders in different governance settings. Studies evaluating One Health initiatives were scarce. Only One Health initiatives related to infectious diseases were evaluated. Evaluations were mainly conducted using quantitative approaches. Involvement of the community was identified as a major facilitator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Delesalle
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Margaux L. Sadoine
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
| | - Sarah Mediouni
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | | | - Kate Zinszer
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
| | - Christina Zarowsky
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
| | - Cécile Aenishaenslin
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Hélène Carabin
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Québec, Canada.
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Gomes BM, Rebelo CB, Alves de Sousa L. Public health, surveillance systems and preventive medicine in an interconnected world. One Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822794-7.00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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9
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Prata JC, Ribeiro AI, Rocha-Santos T. An introduction to the concept of One Health. One Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822794-7.00004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Dewar R, Gavin C, McCarthy C, Taylor RA, Cook C, Simons RRL. A user-friendly decision support tool to assist one-health risk assessors. One Health 2021; 13:100266. [PMID: 34041349 PMCID: PMC8141943 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One-Health risk assessments are integral to developing efficient responses to disease threats, including global pandemics. However, short timeframes, inadequate disease-specific information and an insufficient skill-base make it hard for inexperienced assessors to distinguish between a large portfolio of approaches. The wrong choice can detract from the disease response. Here, we present an interactive decision support tool to help with this choice. A workshop with participants from diverse professional backgrounds provided six themes that should be considered when deciding on the best approach. Questions based on these themes were then developed to populate a decision tree which guides users to their most appropriate approach. One-Health risk assessment tools and literature were used as examples of the different approaches. The tool provides links to these examples and short descriptions of the approaches. Answers are easily changed, facilitating exploration though different approaches. The simple data structure of the tool means it is easy to update with more resources and approaches. It provides a valuable source of guidance and information for less experienced risk assessors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Dewar
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Gavin
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine McCarthy
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A Taylor
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Cook
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R L Simons
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
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Crump L, Maidane Y, Mauti S, Tschopp R, Ali SM, Abtidon R, Bourhy H, Keita Z, Doumbia S, Traore A, Bonfoh B, Tetchi M, Tiembré I, Kallo V, Paithankar V, Zinsstag J. From reverse innovation to global innovation in animal health: A review. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08044. [PMID: 34622053 PMCID: PMC8479615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse innovation refers to learning from or diffusion of innovations developed in low income settings and further translated to industrialized countries. There is lack of consensus regarding terminology, but the idea that innovations in low-income countries are promising for adoption in high-income contexts is not new. However, in healthcare literature globally, the vast majority of publications referring to 'disruptive innovation' were published in the last ten years. To assess the potential of innovative developments and technologies for improving animal health, we initiated a literature review in 2020. We used a combined approach, incorporating targeted searching in PubMed using a key word algorithm with a snowball technique, to identify 120 relevant publications and extract data for qualitative coding. Heterogeneity of articles precluded meta-analysis, quality scoring and risk of bias analysis. We can distinguish technical innovations like new digital devices, diagnostic tests and procedures, and social innovations of intersectoral cooperation. We profile two case studies to describe potential global innovations: an integrated surveillance and response system in Somali Regional State, Ethiopia and a blockchain secured One Health intervention to optimally provide post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies exposed people in West Africa. Innovation follows no borders and can also occur in low-income settings, under constraints of cost, lack of services and infrastructure. Lower administrative and legal barriers may contribute to produce innovations that would not be possible under conditions of high density of regulation. We recommend using the term global innovation, which highlights those emanating from international partnership to solve problems of global implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Crump
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yahya Maidane
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
- Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Stephanie Mauti
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rea Tschopp
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Seid Mohammed Ali
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
- Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Rahma Abtidon
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
- Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Hervé Bourhy
- Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Zakaria Keita
- Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, BP, 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | - Seydou Doumbia
- Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, BP, 1805, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, 01 BP, 1303, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Mathilde Tetchi
- Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, 23 BP, 3838, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Issaka Tiembré
- Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, 23 BP, 3838, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Vessaly Kallo
- Ministère de Resources Animales et Halieutiques, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Vega Paithankar
- Health Information Traceability Stiftung, Gotthardstrasse 26, Zug, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
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Naylor NR, Lines J, Waage J, Wieland B, Knight GM. Quantitatively evaluating the cross-sectoral and One Health impact of interventions: A scoping review and case study of antimicrobial resistance. One Health 2021; 11:100194. [PMID: 33304982 PMCID: PMC7718152 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current frameworks evaluating One Health (OH) interventions focus on intervention-design and -implementation. Cross-sectoral impact evaluations are needed to more effectively tackle OH-issues, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We aimed to describe quantitative evaluation methods for interventions related to OH and cross-sectoral issues, to propose an explicit approach for evaluating such interventions, and to apply this approach to AMR. METHODS A scoping review was performed using WebofScience, EconLit, PubMed and gray literature. Quantitative evaluations of interventions that had an impact across two or more of the human, animal and environment sectors were included. Information on the interventions, methods and outcome measures found was narratively summarised. The information from this review informed the construction of a new approach to OH-related intervention evaluation, which then was applied to the field of AMR. RESULTS The review included 90 studies: 73 individual evaluations (from 72 papers) and 18 reviews, with a range of statistical modelling (n = 13 studies), mathematical modelling (n = 53) and index-creation/preference-ranking (n = 14) methods discussed. The literature highlighted the need to (I) establish stakeholder objectives, (II) establish quantifiable outcomes that feed into those objectives, (III) establish agents and compartments that affect these outcomes and (IV) select appropriate methods (described in this review) accordingly. Based on this, an evaluation model for AMR was conceptualised; a decision-tree of intervention options, a compartmental-microeconomic model across sectors and a general-equilibrium (macroeconomic) model are linked. The outcomes of this multi-level model (including cost-utility and Gross Domestic Product impact) can then feed into multi-criteria-decision analyses that weigh respective impact estimates alongside other chosen outcome estimates (for example equity or uncertainty). CONCLUSION In conclusion, stakeholder objectives are key in establishing which evaluation methods (and associated outcome measures) should be used for OH-related interventions. The stated multi-level approach also allows for sub-systems to be modelled in succession, where resources are constrained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichola R. Naylor
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Lines
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Waage
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Wieland
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gwenan M. Knight
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Aenishaenslin C, Häsler B, Ravel A, Parmley EJ, Mediouni S, Bennani H, Stärk KDC, Buckeridge DL. Evaluating the Integration of One Health in Surveillance Systems for Antimicrobial Use and Resistance: A Conceptual Framework. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:611931. [PMID: 33842569 PMCID: PMC8024545 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.611931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now widely acknowledged that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) must adopt a "One Health" (OH) approach to successfully address the significant threats this global public health issue poses to humans, animals, and the environment. While many protocols exist for the evaluation of surveillance, the specific aspect of the integration of a OH approach into surveillance systems for AMR and antimicrobial Use (AMU), suffers from a lack of common and accepted guidelines and metrics for its monitoring and evaluation functions. This article presents a conceptual framework to evaluate the integration of OH in surveillance systems for AMR and AMU, named the Integrated Surveillance System Evaluation framework (ISSE framework). The ISSE framework aims to assist stakeholders and researchers who design an overall evaluation plan to select the relevant evaluation questions and tools. The framework was developed in partnership with the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). It consists of five evaluation components, which consider the capacity of the system to: [1] integrate a OH approach, [2] produce OH information and expertise, [3] generate actionable knowledge, [4] influence decision-making, and [5] positively impact outcomes. For each component, a set of evaluation questions is defined, and links to other available evaluation tools are shown. The ISSE framework helps evaluators to systematically assess the different OH aspects of a surveillance system, to gain comprehensive information on the performance and value of these integrated efforts, and to use the evaluation results to refine and improve the surveillance of AMR and AMU globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Aenishaenslin
- Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Veterinary Epidemiology Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - André Ravel
- Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - E. Jane Parmley
- Centre for Foodborne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Mediouni
- Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Houda Bennani
- Veterinary Epidemiology Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina D. C. Stärk
- Department of Animal Health, Federal Office for Food Safety and Veterinary Affairs, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David L. Buckeridge
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Enhancing Preparedness for Arbovirus Infections with a One Health Approach: The Development and Implementation of Multisectoral Risk Assessment Exercises. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4832360. [PMID: 32382554 PMCID: PMC7191441 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4832360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background One Health is receiving attention for arbovirus infection prevention and control and for defining national “intersectoral” priorities. Increasing awareness of intersectoral priorities through multisectorial risk assessments (MRA) is promising, where data are not systematically shared between sectors. Towards this aim, the MediLabSecure project organized three MRA exercises (hereby called exercises): one on West Nile virus, one on Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever, and one on Rift Valley fever, assessing the added value of this approach. Methods The exercises relied on RA methodologies of international organisations. Country representatives of the human and animal virology, medical entomology, and public health sectors (hereby called “sectors”) involved in the surveillance of vector-borne diseases participated in the exercises. Background documentation was provided before each exercise, and a guide was developed for the facilitators. All three exercises included technical and methodological presentations and a guided RA directed at bringing into play the different sectors involved. To assess the added value of the approach, each participant was asked to rank the level of perceived benefit of the multisectoral collaboration for each “risk question” included in the exercises. Results In total, 195 participants from 19 non-EU countries in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions took part in the exercises. The participants assessed the multisectoral approach as valuable in analysing comprehensively the situation by having access to information and knowledge provided by each of the sectors involved. Sharing of information and discussion facilitated reaching a consensus on the level of risk in each country. Conclusions Increasing awareness of intersectoral priorities, including cross-border ones, through MRA is relevant to reduce gaps due to unavailability of shared data and information. Given that six out of the ten threats to global health listed by WHO are occurring at the human-animal-environmental interfaces, comprehensive regional RA with a One Health approach made by national authorities can be a relevant added value for the global health security.
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George J, Häsler B, Mremi I, Sindato C, Mboera L, Rweyemamu M, Mlangwa J. A systematic review on integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems with a view to addressing global health security threats. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2020; 2:11. [PMID: 33829132 PMCID: PMC7993536 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-020-00017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health surveillance is an important element of disease prevention, control, and management. During the past two decades, there have been several initiatives to integrate health surveillance systems using various mechanisms ranging from the integration of data sources to changing organizational structures and responses. The need for integration is caused by an increasing demand for joint data collection, use and preparedness for emerging infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE To review the integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems and identify their contributions in strengthening surveillance systems attributes. METHOD The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 checklist. Peer-reviewed articles were searched from PubMed, HINARI, Web of Science, Science Direct and advanced Google search engines. The review included articles published in English from 1900 to 2018. The study selection considered all articles that used quantitative, qualitative or mixed research methods. Eligible articles were assessed independently for quality by two authors using the QualSyst Tool and relevant information including year of publication, field, continent, addressed attributes and integration mechanism were extracted. RESULTS A total of 102 publications were identified and categorized into four pre-set integration mechanisms: interoperability (35), convergent integration (27), semantic consistency (21) and interconnectivity (19). Most integration mechanisms focused on sensitivity (44.1%), timeliness (41.2%), data quality (23.5%) and acceptability (17.6%) of the surveillance systems. Generally, the majority of the surveillance system integrations were centered on addressing infectious diseases and all hazards. The sensitivity of the integrated systems reported in these studies ranged from 63.9 to 100% (median = 79.6%, n = 16) and the rate of data quality improvement ranged from 73 to 95.4% (median = 87%, n = 4). The integrated systems were also shown improve timeliness where the recorded changes were reported to be ranging from 10 to 91% (median = 67.3%, n = 8). CONCLUSION Interoperability and semantic consistency are the common integration mechanisms in human and animal health surveillance systems. Surveillance system integration is a relatively new concept but has already been shown to enhance surveillance performance. More studies are needed to gain information on further surveillance attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeth George
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics, and Public Health Group, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL97TA UK
| | - Irene Mremi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Calvin Sindato
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tabora Research Centre, Tabora, Tanzania
| | - Leonard Mboera
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Mark Rweyemamu
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - James Mlangwa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania
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Yasobant S, Bruchhausen W, Saxena D, Falkenberg T. One health collaboration for a resilient health system in India: Learnings from global initiatives. One Health 2019; 8:100096. [PMID: 31304229 PMCID: PMC6606562 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2019.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-sectoral collaborations are now recognized as key importance for health system strengthening and health system integration, globally; however, its application in the domain of One Health remains unclear. Over time, as the complexity of the health system has increased within the domain of One Health approach, there is an urgent need for developing collaboration for successful implementation of the One Health. This review focuses on the global One Health collaboration strategies and discusses which type of collaboration might work for the health system of India. We conducted a review in the following three steps: identification of key One Health Collaboration strategies, documentation of the global initiatives and scoping into the initiatives of India in the domain of One Health. We found three major types of collaborations discussed in the One Health literature: level-based collaboration (individual, population or research), solution-based collaboration, and third-party-based collaboration. Twenty-five key global and six Indian One Health initiatives or collaboration strategies are documented in the present review. Although, many initiatives are being undertaken globally for disease prevention and control from the viewpoint of One Health; however, in India, solution-based approaches during emergencies and outbreaks and some sort of level-based collaborations are in place. It is high time to develop a sustainable level-based collaboration integrated with third-party based collaboration within the larger domain of One Health for a resilient health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandul Yasobant
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Walter Bruchhausen
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Germany
- Institute of History and Ethics of Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Timo Falkenberg
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Germany
- GeoHealth Centre, Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
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Falzon LC, Alumasa L, Amanya F, Kang'ethe E, Kariuki S, Momanyi K, Muinde P, Murungi MK, Njoroge SM, Ogendo A, Ogola J, Rushton J, Woolhouse MEJ, Fèvre EM. One Health in Action: Operational Aspects of an Integrated Surveillance System for Zoonoses in Western Kenya. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:252. [PMID: 31417918 PMCID: PMC6684786 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of diseases in Kenya and elsewhere in East Africa is currently carried out by both human and animal health sectors. However, a recent evaluation highlighted the lack of integration between these sectors, leading to disease under-reporting and inefficiencies. This project aimed to develop an integrated and cost-effective surveillance and reporting system for 15 zoonotic diseases piloted in the counties of Bungoma, Busia, and Kakamega in western Kenya. Specifically, in this paper we describe the operational aspects of such a surveillance system. Interviews were carried out with key informants, and this was followed by field visits to identify sentinel sites and liaise with relevant stakeholders. Based on this information, a sampling strategy comprising 12 sentinel sites, 4 in each county, was developed. Each sentinel site comprised of a livestock market, 1-2 neighboring slaughter houses/slabs, and a hospital in the vicinity; each of the 12 sites, comprising 12 × 3 = 36 sampling locations, was visited every 4 weeks for 20 cycles. At each site, animal or patient sampling included a clinical examination and collection of blood, feces, and nasal swabs; in slaughtered animals, mesenteric lymph nodes, hydatid cysts, and flukes were also collected. At the end of each field visit, data on staff involved and challenges encountered were recorded, while biological samples were processed and tested for 15 zoonotic diseases in the field laboratory in Busia, Kenya. Public engagement sessions were held at each sentinel site to share preliminary results and provide feedback to both stakeholders and study participants. A livestock market visit lasted just over 3 h, and the most common challenge was the frequent refusals of animal owners to participate in the study. At the slaughterhouses, visits lasted just under 4 h, and challenges included poorly engaged meat inspectors or slaughter processes that were too quick for sampling. Finally, the hospital visits lasted around 4 h, and the most frequent challenges included low patients turn-out, frequent staff turn-over leading to poor institutional memory, and difficulty in obtaining patient stool samples. Our experiences have highlighted the importance of engaging with local stakeholders in the field, while also providing timely feedback through public engagement sessions, to ensure on-going compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Falzon
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lorren Alumasa
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Erastus Kang'ethe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Kelvin Momanyi
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patrick Muinde
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Allan Ogendo
- Veterinary Department, Busia County Government, Busia, Kenya
| | - Joseph Ogola
- Veterinary Department, Bungoma County Government, Bungoma, Kenya
| | - Jonathan Rushton
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E. J. Woolhouse
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution and Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eric M. Fèvre
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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Aenishaenslin C, Häsler B, Ravel A, Parmley J, Stärk K, Buckeridge D. Evidence needed for antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems. Bull World Health Organ 2019; 97:283-289. [PMID: 30940985 PMCID: PMC6438253 DOI: 10.2471/blt.18.218917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One Health surveillance for antimicrobial resistance has been promoted by the scientific community and by international organizations for more than a decade. In this article, we highlight issues that need to be addressed to improve the understanding of the effectiveness of One Health surveillance for antimicrobial resistance. We also outline the evidence needed to support countries planning to increase the level of integration of their surveillance system. Based on experience in Canada and other countries, we argue that more effort is needed to understand and measure the added value of One Health for antimicrobial resistance surveillance and to identify the most effective integration strategies. To date, guidelines for the development of One Health surveillance have focused mainly on the types of data that should be integrated. However, it may be necessary to apply the concept of One Health to surveillance tasks beyond data integration to realize the full value of the approach. Integration can be enhanced across different surveillance activities (data collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination), taking account of the different skills and perspectives of experts and stakeholders involved. More research is needed to investigate the mechanisms through which a One Health approach to surveillance can increase the performance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance and, ultimately, improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Aenishaenslin
- Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicoitte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, England
| | - André Ravel
- Research Group on Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicoitte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - David Buckeridge
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Bordier M, Uea-Anuwong T, Binot A, Hendrikx P, Goutard FL. Characteristics of One Health surveillance systems: A systematic literature review. Prev Vet Med 2018; 181:104560. [PMID: 30528937 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The concept of One Health (OH) promotes the decompartmentalisation of human, animal, and ecosystem health for the more efficient and sustainable governance of complex health issues. This means that traditional boundaries between disciplines and sectors must be transgressed and that all relevant stakeholders must be involved in the definition and management of health problems. International efforts have been made to strengthen collaboration across sectors and disciplines and OH surveillance is strongly encouraged at global, national and local-level to efficiently manage hazards involving humans, animals and ecosystems. This concept is intuitively appealing and would suggest the enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems, as compared to more conventional approaches. Nevertheless, confusion and uncertainty regarding the practical application, outcomes and impacts prevail. We believe that this is due to the lack of a conceptual and methodological framework which would (i) define the characteristics of OH surveillance, and (ii) identify the appropriate mechanisms for inter-sectoral and multi-disciplinary collaboration, to ensure that the surveillance system performs well, with regard to the objective, the context and the health hazard under surveillance. The objective of the study is to define the organisational and functional characteristics of OH surveillance systems, the context in which they are implemented, as well as the influential factors which may obstruct or support their implementation and performance. To achieve this, a systematic literature review of existing OH surveillance systems was conducted using the Prisma guidelines. The selected systems were assessed according to 38 predetermined variables. These allowed the characterisation of their objectives, organisation, functioning, performance and benefits. Data extraction was conducted using a spreadsheet and a database was built using an electronic multiple-choice questionnaire. The literature search identified a total of 1635 records. After the screening phase, 31 references were kept and 22 additional references retrieved from bibliographies were added. From these 53 selected documents, we retrieved 41 different surveillance systems in line with the definition proposed in this study. The analysis of this database enabled the identification of different dimensions and areas of collaboration. Barriers and levers for the implementation of OH surveillance systems were also identified and discussed. Based on our results, we propose a framework to characterise the organisation of collaboration for the governance and operation of an effective OH surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bordier
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR ASTRE, Hanoi, Viet Nam; ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Theethawat Uea-Anuwong
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand; Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, 50 Phaholyothin Rd., Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand.
| | - Aurélie Binot
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, ASTRE, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
| | - Pascal Hendrikx
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), UCAS, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69394 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
| | - Flavie L Goutard
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand; Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, 50 Phaholyothin Rd., Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand.
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Boqvist S, Söderqvist K, Vågsholm I. Food safety challenges and One Health within Europe. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:1. [PMID: 29298694 PMCID: PMC5751857 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-017-0355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses food safety aspects of importance from a One Health perspective, focusing on Europe. Using examples of food pathogen/food commodity combinations, spread of antimicrobial resistance in the food web and the risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens in a circular system, it demonstrates how different perspectives are interconnected. The chosen examples all show the complexity of the food system and the necessity of using a One Health approach. Food safety resources should be allocated where they contribute most One Health benefits. Data on occurrence and disease burden and knowledge of source attribution are crucial in assessing costs and benefits of control measures. Future achievements in food safety, public health and welfare will largely be based on how well politicians, researchers, industry, national agencies and other stakeholders manage to collaborate using the One Health approach. It can be concluded that closer cooperation between different disciplines is necessary to avoid silo thinking when addressing important food safety challenges. The importance of this is often mentioned, but more proof of concept is needed by the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Boqvist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Söderqvist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivar Vågsholm
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Suijkerbuijk AWM, van Gils PF, Bonačić Marinović AA, Feenstra TL, Kortbeek LM, Mangen MJJ, Opsteegh M, de Wit GA, van der Giessen JWB. The design of a Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of preventive interventions for toxoplasmosis: An example of the One Health approach. Zoonoses Public Health 2017; 65:185-194. [PMID: 29131528 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infections cause a large disease burden in the Netherlands, with an estimated health loss of 1,900 Disability Adjusted Life Years and a cost-of-illness estimated at €44 million annually. Infections in humans occur via exposure to oocysts in the environment and after eating undercooked meat containing tissue cysts, leading to asymptomatic or mild symptoms, but potentially leading to the development of ocular toxoplasmosis. Infection in pregnant women can lead to stillbirth and disorders in newborns. At present, prevention is only targeted at pregnant women. Cat vaccination, freezing of meat destined for undercooked consumption and enhancing biosecurity in pig husbandries are possible interventions to prevent toxoplasmosis. As these interventions bear costs for sectors in society that differ from those profiting from the benefits, we perform a social cost-benefit analysis (SCBA). In an SCBA, costs and benefits of societal domains affected by the interventions are identified, making explicit which stakeholder pays and who benefits. Using an epidemiological model, we consider transmission of T. gondii after vaccination of all owned cats or cats at livestock farms. To identify relevant high-risk meat products that will be eaten undercooked, a quantitative microbial risk assessment model developed to attribute predicted T. gondii infections to specific meat products will be used. In addition, we evaluate serological monitoring of pigs at slaughter followed by an audit and tailor made advice for farmers in case positive results were found. The benefits will be modelled stochastically as reduction in DALYs and monetized in Euro's following reference prices for DALYs. If the balance of total costs and benefits is positive, this will lend support to implementation of these preventive interventions at the societal level. Ultimately, the SCBA will provide guidance to policy makers on the most optimal intervention measures to reduce the disease burden of T. gondii in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W M Suijkerbuijk
- Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - P F van Gils
- Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A A Bonačić Marinović
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - T L Feenstra
- Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L M Kortbeek
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - M-J J Mangen
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - M Opsteegh
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - G A de Wit
- Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J W B van der Giessen
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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