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Qiu Y, Zhu X, Ma X. Using machine learning models to identify the risk of depression in middle-aged and older adults with frequent and infrequent nicotine use: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024:S0165-0327(24)01417-4. [PMID: 39222853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is very prevalent in middle-aged and older smokers. Therefore, we aimed to identify the risk of depression among middle-aged and older adults with frequent and infrequent nicotine use, as this is quite necessary for supporting their well-being. METHODS This study included a total of 10,821 participants, which were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Wave 5, 2020 (CHARLS-5). Five machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed. Some metrics were used to evaluate the performance of models, including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive predictive value (PPV), specificity, accuracy. RESULTS 10,821 participants (6472 males, 4349 females) had a mean age of 60.47 ± 8.98, with a score of 8.90 ± 6.53 on depression scale. For middle-aged and older adults with frequent nicotine use, random forest (RF) achieved the highest AUC value, PPV and specificity (0.75, 0.74 and 0.88, respectively). For the other group, support vector machines (SVM) showed the highest PPV (0.74), and relatively high accuracy and specificity (0.72 and 0.87, respectively). Feature importance analysis indicated that "dissatisfaction with life" was the most important variable of identifying the risk of depression in the SVM model, while "attitude towards expected life span" was the most important one in the RF model. LIMITATIONS CHARLS-5 was collected during the COVID-19, so our results may be influenced by the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that certain ML models can ideally identify the risk of depression in middle-aged and older adults, which holds significant value for their health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Qiu
- Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Xiangru Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yuan T, Liang L, Zheng C, Li H, Zhang J, Kiyum M, Xu J, Wang M, Mei S. Bidirectional association between attitudes toward own aging and quality of life in Chinese older adults: A prospective cohort study. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 39132975 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Although positive attitudes toward own aging (ATOA) have been shown to be associated with higher levels of quality of life (QoL) among older adults, the potential interrelationship between ATOA and QoL has not been fully explored. A sample of 2129 older adults aged 60 and above who participated in the three waves of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey was used. QoL was measured using three indicators, including self-rated health, loneliness, and life satisfaction. The cross-lagged analysis results showed that the bidirectional association between ATOA and QoL was not significant, while positive ATOA predicted better self-rated health, higher life satisfaction, and less loneliness. And there are no gender or age differences in the above relationships. In addition, economic status, sleep quality, and activity participation were common influences on self-rated health, life satisfaction, and loneliness, as well as important factors affecting ATOA. Several variables, such as demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and health status, also influenced QoL and ATOA. Measures to promote positive ATOA can help improve QoL. In addition, emphasis should be placed on improving economic status, sleep quality, and activity participation levels to enhance QoL and ATOA in older adults, with appropriate interventions targeting other factors affecting QoL and ATOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuang Yuan
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Leilei Liang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Honghua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinshuo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Marhaba Kiyum
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Chan SCY, Fung CK, Huang QL. Positive Emotions, Hope, and Life Satisfaction in Chinese Older Adults: An Application of Broaden-and-Build Model. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 98:452-468. [PMID: 37844579 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231207999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions can broaden our awareness and build psychological resources, which leads to better psychological outcomes. Previous studies demonstrated that hope partially mediates the association between positive emotions and life satisfaction in college students. Yet, there has no similar model been tested among older adults. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the mediating role of hope agency and pathways in the association between positive emotions and life satisfaction. Three hundred and forty-one Chinese community-dwelling older adults (mean = 70.83, SD = 9.16) were asked to complete a survey questionnaire comprising measures assessing positive emotions, hope, life satisfaction, and other sociodemographic variables. Results showed that hope agency, but not hope pathways, partially mediated the relationship between positive emotions and life satisfaction. We discussed the importance of these initial findings concerning positive emotions and hope as predictors of life satisfaction in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Ki Fung
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Oti-Boadi M, Andoh-Arthur J, Abekah-Carter K, Abukuri DN. Internalized stigma: Social support, coping, psychological distress, and mental well-being among older adults in Ghana. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:739-749. [PMID: 38327024 PMCID: PMC11144357 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241227128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults have been found to internalize stigma from society and this has been linked to several variables including social support, coping, psychological distress, and mental well-being. However, there is a dearth of research on how these variables interact with each other to impact the life of older adults. AIMS This study employed path analysis to explore social support and coping as boundary conditions and underlying mechanisms in the link between internalized stigma, psychological distress, and mental well-being, among older adults in Ghana. METHOD Using a cross-sectional design, the study recruited 167 older adults who responded to standardized questionnaires including The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, The Brief Coping Inventory, Kessler Distress Scale, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, to determine levels of internalized stigma, social support, coping strategies, psychological distress, and mental well-being, respectively. RESULTS The findings revealed that at low levels of social support, there is a significant and positive correlation between internalized stigma and mental well-being (β = -.36, SE = 0.17, p < .001). Path analysis showed that the relationship between internalized stigma and mental well-being was fully mediated by problem-focused coping (β = .11, p = . 001, 95% CI [0.04, 0.21]), but not psychological distress. Problem-focused coping was also found to have a significant positive correlation with mental well-being but no significant correlation with psychological distress. Conversely, avoidant-focused coping was found to have a significant positive correlation with psychological distress and a significant negative correlation with mental well-being. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the importance of social support and coping to attaining mental well-being among older adults. This study provides insights into the development of tailored interventions aimed at improving social support and problem-focused coping among older Ghanaian adults facing internalized stigma, and it also establishes a base for future research.
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van Scherpenseel MC, van Veenendaal LJ, te Velde SJ, Volk E, Barten DJJA, Veenhof C, Emmelot-Vonk MH, Ronteltap A. Reframing Communication about Fall Prevention Programs to Increase Older Adults' Intentions to Participate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:704. [PMID: 38928950 PMCID: PMC11203759 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Falls and fall-related injuries in community-dwelling older adults are a growing global health concern. Despite effective exercise-based fall prevention programs (FPPs), low enrollment rates persist due to negative connotations associated with falls and aging. This study aimed to investigate whether positive framing in communication leads to a higher intention to participate in an FPP among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We conducted a two-sequence randomized crossover study. We designed two flyers, a standard flyer containing standard terminology regarding FPPs for older adults, and a reframed flyer highlighting fitness and activity by reframing 'fall prevention' as an 'exercise program' and 'old' as 'over 65 years'. With a Mann-Whitney U test, we investigated group differences regarding the intention to participate between the flyers. A sensitivity analysis and subgroup analyses were performed. We conducted qualitative thematic analysis on open-ended answers to gain a deeper understanding of participants' intention to participate. RESULTS In total, we included 133 participants. Findings indicated a significantly higher intention to participate in the reframed flyer (median = 4; interquartile range = 1-6) compared to the standard flyer (median = 2; interquartile range = 1-4) (p = 0.038). Participants favored more general terms such as 'over 65 years' over 'older adults'. Older adults who were female, not at high fall risk, perceived themselves as not at fall risk, and maintained a positive attitude to aging showed greater receptivity to positively-framed communications in the reframed flyer. Additionally, already being engaged in physical activities and a lack of practical information about the FPP appeared to discourage participation intentions. DISCUSSION The results in favor of the reframed flyer provide practical insights for designing and implementing effective (mass-)media campaigns on both (inter)national and local levels, as well as for interacting with this population on an individual basis. Aging-related terminology in promotional materials hinders engagement, underscoring the need for more positive messaging and leaving out terms such as 'older'. Tailored positively framed messages and involving diverse older adults in message development are essential for promoting participation in FPPs across various population subgroups to promote participation in FPPs among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike C. van Scherpenseel
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Lidia J. van Veenendaal
- Research Group Proactive Care for Older Adult People Living at Home, Research Center for Healthy an Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 3501AA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Bachelor of Nursing, Institute for Nursing Studies, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia J. te Velde
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Elise Volk
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Di-Janne J. A. Barten
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Cindy Veenhof
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Science and Sport, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Physical Therapy Research and Innovation in Primary Care, Julius Health Care Centers, 3454 PV De Meern, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amber Ronteltap
- Research Group Innovation of Human Movement Care, Research Center for Healthy and Sustainable Living, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, 35011AA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.J.t.V.); (D.-J.J.A.B.); (C.V.); (A.R.)
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Chen JJ, Liu LF, Chen SM. The Role of Place Attachment in the Relationship between Attitudes toward Aging and Subjective Well-Being among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Taiwan. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:981. [PMID: 38786392 PMCID: PMC11121142 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Subjective well-being presents a societal challenge for vulnerable older adults. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of place attachment in the relationship between attitudes toward aging and subjective well-being among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Two waves of investigations were conducted to examine the interplay between attitudes toward aging, subjective well-being, and place attachment among older adults. In Wave I, 1190 participants were enrolled, revealing predominantly younger cohorts with substantial educational levels. The subsequent Wave II involved 483 participants, maintaining continuity in characteristics. Subjective well-being remained moderate across waves, with prevalent positive attitudes toward aging. Place attachment scores indicated moderate to high associations. After controlling for demographics, structural equation modeling (SEM) in both waves revealed significant positive associations: attitudes toward aging influenced well-being, attitudes toward aging were positively associated with place attachment, and place attachment was positively related to well-being. Mediation testing confirmed the mediating role of place attachment in the relationship between attitudes toward aging and well-being. These findings underscore the important role of place attachment. It is evident that improving attitudes toward aging is an effective intervention which can lead to a better sense of well-being by enhancing place attachment to empower civil society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jen Chen
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Fan Liu
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - She-Ming Chen
- Department of Architecture, College of Planning and Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
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El-Sayed MM, Hawash MM, Khedr MA, Hafez SA, Salem ESAEH, Essa SA, Sayyd SM, El-Ashry AM. Cognitive flexibility's role in shaping self-perception of aging, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older women. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:220. [PMID: 38561732 PMCID: PMC10983730 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive flexibility, the capacity to adjust to new information, affects how aging is perceived. In Egyptian culture, older women's views on aging are shaped by societal gender roles and expectations. These views influence their body image and belief in their abilities, all melded by cultural standards and values. AIM Investigate the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between self-aging perception, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older women. METHODS A correlational analytical design was used on 200 women aged 60 years or older using the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Self-Perceptions of Aging, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Body Appreciation Scales. Structural equation modeling was used in the analysis. RESULTS The study found that cognitive flexibility is positively related to self-perception of aging and body appreciation and is also significantly related to general self-efficacy. However, no significant relationship was found between body appreciation and general self-efficacy. Additionally, the study found that cognitive flexibility partially mediates the relationship between self-perception of aging and body appreciation and fully mediates the relationship between body appreciation and self-efficacy. CONCLUSION Cognitive flexibility is vital in the relationships between self-perceptions of aging, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among older women. Therefore, nursing interventions targeting cognitive flexibility are recommended to promote positive self-aging perceptions, body appreciation, and self-efficacy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Metwally El-Sayed
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Manal Mohammed Hawash
- Gerontological Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdelwahab Khedr
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarah Ali Hafez
- Gerontological Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - El-Saied Abd El-Hamid Salem
- Department of Fitness, Gymnastics, and Sports Shows, Faculty of Physical Education for Men, Abu Qir, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samir Abdelnaby Essa
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Education, Taibah University, Madinah, 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Mohammed Sayyd
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Education, Taibah University, Madinah, 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Mohamed El-Ashry
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Gao L, Laidlaw K, Wang D. A brief version of the Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire for older Chinese adults: development and psychometric evaluation. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:181. [PMID: 38561863 PMCID: PMC10986028 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive attitudes toward aging are considered essential for achieving psychological well-being in later life. However, there is currently a lack of a concise and comprehensive measurement tool specifically designed to assess attitudes toward aging among the elderly population in China. To address this gap, the present study aimed to develop a brief version of the Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire tailored to older Chinese individuals and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS Initially, a sample of community-dwelling older adults (Sample 1: n = 442, aged 60-88) was utilized to establish a new scale format. Subsequently, two convenience samples (Sample 2: n = 311, aged 60-90; Sample 3: n = 164, aged 60-89) were employed to evaluate the psychometric properties of this scale, including factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. RESULTS We selected 12 items from the original questionnaire to create the brief scale. The brief scale maintained the three-factor structure of the full-format version, encompassing psychosocial loss, physical change, and psychological growth, and demonstrated adequate psychometric properties. CONCLUSIONS This development process shortens the administration time of the questionnaire while avoiding excessive loss of information. The newly developed scale serves as a reliable and valid assessment tool for measuring attitudes toward aging among older Chinese individuals and is well-suited for implementation in large-scale surveys that utilize an extensive array of questionnaires. This tool can be applied to assessing the effectiveness of interventions aimed at eliminating ageism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No.19 Xinjiekouwai Street, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Ken Laidlaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Dahua Wang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No.19 Xinjiekouwai Street, 100875, Beijing, China.
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Velaithan V, Tan MM, Yu TF, Liem A, Teh PL, Su TT. The Association of Self-Perception of Aging and Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad041. [PMID: 37029753 PMCID: PMC10943510 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Self-perception of aging is an important psychosocial factor that can influence quality of life in older age. This review aimed to synthesize findings on the association between self-perception of aging and quality of life among older adults aged 60 and above. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted in 4 electronic databases (Ovid Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science). Studies conducted in English and including measures on the perception of aging and quality of life were included in this review. A total of 32 observational studies (21 cross-sectional, 8 longitudinal, 2 mixed-method, and 1 qualitative) met the inclusion criteria. Outcomes reported in the included studies were quality of life, physical health and functioning, psychological health, mental health, and general well-being. RESULTS Overall, 20 quantitative studies indicated a strong association between positive perception of aging and increased quality of life. Similarly, 9 quantitative studies demonstrated that negative perception of aging is associated with lower quality of life. Results of the mixed-method and qualitative studies indicated that older adults with higher morale and good physical capability had more positive perceptions of health. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that promoting a positive perception of aging and a self-care attitude would help to enhance older adults' quality of life and should be incorporated into future health promotions and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vithya Velaithan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Min-Min Tan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ting-Fai Yu
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Andrian Liem
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pei-Lee Teh
- School of Business, Gerontechnology Laboratory, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Bužgová R, Kozáková R, Bobčíková K. Predictors of attitudes towards aging in elderly living in community care. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:266. [PMID: 38500061 PMCID: PMC10949648 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the aging of the population, the promotion of healthy aging is an important part of public health. Healthy aging of the population can be influenced by the attitudes of the elderly themselves towards old age and aging. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to find out the attitudes of older people living in a community environment toward old age and the predictors that influence these attitudes. METHODS The evaluation of attitudes towards old age using the WHO AAQ (Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire) questionnaire involved 1,174 elderly people living in the community. Age, sex, marital status, education, subjective health assessment, social support, depression (GDS-15), anxiety (GAI), sense of coherence (SOC-13) and self-esteem (RSES) were used to evaluate related factors. RESULTS As part of the exploratory factor analysis, a three-factor model (Psychosocial Loss, Physical Change, and Psychological Growth) was confirmed. The Cronbach alpha was found to be acceptable (α = 0.835). The predictors of better AAQ in the Psychological Loss domain were: subjective health, age, quality of life, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, anxiety, and social support; in the Physical Change domain: subjective health, quality of life, self-esteem, life satisfaction, cohabitation, and depression; and in the Psychological Growth domain: age, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, and social support. CONCLUSION Preventive and policy measures should aim to increase the satisfaction and self-assessment of the elderly, which can help them evaluate the period of old age more positively. It is also important to create a positive perspective of ageing and elderly in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Bužgová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Kozáková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Katka Bobčíková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Lu A, Yu F, Tan X, Jin X, Wang X, Wu W. Association Between Self-Perception of Aging and Long-Term Mortality in Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Rural China: A Possible Beneficial Effect of Nut Intake. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:357-366. [PMID: 38464597 PMCID: PMC10921891 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s445378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous research has consistently shown that self-perception of aging (SPA) is an important predictor of health and longevity, while Chinese rural elderly patients with hypertension had poorer SPA. Whether it was associated with their mortality kept unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term mortality and analyze the association between SPA and this mortality in the specific context of rural elderly patients with hypertension. Patients and Methods This study is a longitudinal investigation of the mortality in elderly patients with hypertension in rural Suzhou, China. Sociodemographic and clinical data, SPA, and six-year mortality were investigated. We used binary logistic regression and subgroup analyses to assess the effect of SPA at baseline on six-year mortality. Results A total of 280 hypertensive patients aged 60 years and older participated in the study, of whom 21 died, with a six-year mortality rate of 7.5%. After controlling for covariates, the "Emotional representation" dimension (OR=2.824, 95% CI:1.034-7.712) in SPA remained a risk factor for death. In subgroup analyses of the group aged 75 years and older, high scores on the "Timeline cyclical" (OR=14.125, 95% CI: 1.258-158.593) and "Emotional representations" (OR=2.567, 95% CI:1.066-6.182) dimensions were associated with a higher risk of death, while weekly nut intake may have mitigated the negative SPA effect on mortality. Conclusion Poorer self-perception of aging was associated with a high risk of mortality in rural elderly patients with hypertension, while the habit of weekly nut intake might help reduce this risk in the group aged 75 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anping Lu
- Nursing Department, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, 215500, People’s Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangyi Yu
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Tan
- School of Nursing, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Jin
- Nursing Department, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, 215500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenya Wu
- Nursing Department, The First People’s Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, 215500, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Song W, Zhou Y, Chong ZY, Xu W. Social support, attitudes toward own aging, loneliness and psychological distress among older Chinese adults: a longitudinal mediation model. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:542-555. [PMID: 37731246 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2260965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the protective factors and underlying mechanisms associated with loneliness and psychological distress among older Chinese adults within the framework of a longitudinal design. This investigation specifically focused on the mediating role of attitudes toward own aging (ATOA) in the relationship between social support and the experience of loneliness and psychological distress (comprising depression, anxiety, and stress) amidst the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cohort of 345 elderly individuals (mean age = 83.84 years, standard deviation = 8.49 years; 55.1% females) participated in this research endeavor. The participants were required to complete self-report instruments measuring their perceived levels of social support at Time 1 (T1), attitudes towards own aging, ATOA at Time 2 (T2), and their experiences of loneliness, and psychological distress (including depression, anxiety, and stress) at T1 and Time 3 (T3). The data collection timeline encompassed baseline data collection at T1 in September 2020, a subsequent six-month follow-up at T2 in March 2021, and a one-year follow up at T3 in September 2021. The findings of this investigation unveiled a negative predictive relationship between social support at T1 and psychological distress (encompassing depression, anxiety, and stress) at T3. Furthermore, it was discerned that ATOA at T2 acted as a mediating mechanism, elucidating the longitudinal association between social support at T1 and the manifestation of loneliness and psychological distress (including depression, anxiety, and stress) at T3. The discussion section of this paper delves into an exploration of the limitations and implications inherent in these conclusions, particularly concerning their relevance to potential intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- Department of Management, Bentley University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Zh Yeng Chong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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13
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Morgan S, Pasco JC, Demers L, Young ME, Jindal SK. Combating ageism in medical education with narrative medicine. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38217514 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2024.2302594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Ageism is common in medical trainees and difficult to overcome. The My Life, My Story program has been shown to be an effective tool for increasing empathy. We explored its use as an instrument for combating ageism by implementing it in a Geriatrics clerkship for fourth year medical students. During our evaluation, 151 students interviewed patients about their lives using a semi-structured question guide. Students completed the UCLA Geriatrics Attitudes Scale and the Expectations Regarding Aging Survey pre-and post-clerkship. We also facilitated 9 student debriefs and 5 faculty interviews. After completing My Life, My Story, students were more likely to disagree with "I would rather see younger patients than elderly ones" and "it's normal to be depressed when you are old". In qualitative analysis of the debriefs, we identified a key summative theme: "impact of the intervention on care teams". Within that, we describe three subthemes: an awareness of richness of the lives led by older people, their current value to society, and the social determinants of health they have faced. After participating in My Life, My Story, students' attitudes toward aging changed. A narrative medicine program using life stories can be a practical tool for addressing ageist stereotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Carlo Pasco
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lindsay Demers
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megan E Young
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shivani K Jindal
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of General Internal Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Centers (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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14
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Delbari A, Akbarzadeh I, Saatchi M, Tabatabaei FS, Bidkhori M, Abolfathi Momtaz Y, Mohseni-Bandpey R, Hooshmand E. The Association of Social Support, Depression, and Loneliness with Health-Related Quality of Life in Over 50 Years Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Ageing (ACSA). Exp Aging Res 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37879966 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2023.2273164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Social factors play a crucial role in the quality of life of + 50 adults. This study aimed to investigate the association between social support, depression, and loneliness and the health-related quality of life in + 50 adults of Ardakan. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study from the first phase of Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA) in 2019. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL, SF-16), Duke Social Support Index (DSSI), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D10) were used to assess the variables of interest. Multivariable linear regression was used to model the associated factors with the score of the SF-16 tool in two dimensions; physical (PCS) and mental (MCS). FINDINGS A total of 5197 over 50 years individuals included in this study; The mean age was 62.2 ± 7.3 years old, and 52% were male. The mean score for PCS and MCS subscales was 45.6 (95% CI 45.4 to 45.9) and 49.3 (95% CI 49.0 to 49.5), respectively. Adjusted for other variables, having less feeling level of loneliness, and not having depressive symptoms were related to better PCS and MCS scores. CONCLUSION The HRQoL for the mental aspect of HRQoL was better than the physical in elder populations. Also, much more focus should be paid to older adults who experience inadequate social support, higher levels of loneliness, and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Akbarzadeh
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saatchi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh-Sadat Tabatabaei
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bidkhori
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohseni-Bandpey
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Hooshmand
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pavlova MK, Radoš S, Rothermund K, Silbereisen RK. Age, Individual Resources, and Perceived Expectations for Active Aging: General and Domain-Specific Effects. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2023; 97:267-288. [PMID: 35791630 PMCID: PMC10363939 DOI: 10.1177/00914150221112294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to expectations for active aging may be modulated by age and individual resources (socioeconomic status, social integration, and health) via multiple pathways. Using a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of adults aged 17 to 94 (N = 2,007), we investigated the relations between age, individual resources, and perceived expectations for active aging (PEAA) in three domains (physical health, mental health, and social engagement). Across domains, young adults and individuals aged 70+ reported slightly lower PEAA than emerging adults did; no other age differences emerged. Multiple regression showed that a higher subjective socioeconomic status, better perceived general health, and partnership (in older adults) predicted higher PEAA (almost) across domains, whereas church attendance, employment status, and occupational prestige yielded domain- and age-specific effects, which were not always positive. We conclude that the effects of individual resources on PEAA are limited in general but vary depending on life domain and age.
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Pedroso-Chaparro MDS, Cabrera I, Márquez-González M, Ribeiro Ó, Losada-Baltar A. Comorbid Depressive and Anxiety Symptomatology in Older Adults: The Role of Aging Self-Stereotypes, Loneliness, and Feelings of Guilt Associated with Self-Perception as a Burden. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 26:e26. [PMID: 37772769 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2023.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analyze the differences between older adults' symptom profiles (subclinical, anxiety, depressive, and comorbid) in negative aging self-stereotypes, loneliness, and feelings of guilt associated with self-perception as a burden. Participants were 310 community-dwelling people aged 60 years and over. The sample was grouped into four symptom profiles of older adults: anxiety, depressive, comorbid anxiety-depression, and subclinical symptoms. We carried out multinomial logistic regression analyses to analyze the role of assessed variables in the explanation of the four symptom profiles. Older adults who reported a comorbid symptomatology presented higher negative aging self-stereotypes and feelings of loneliness than the other three profiles. Compared with the subclinical profile, older adults who reported clinical symptomatology (anxiety, depressive, and comorbid profile) presented higher feelings of guilt associated with self-perception as a burden. The findings of this study suggest potential associations that may contribute to understanding and treating comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms in older adults.
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17
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Zhu C, Lian Z, Huang Y, Zhong Q, Wang J. Association between subjective well-being and all-cause mortality among older adults in China. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:624. [PMID: 37626305 PMCID: PMC10463678 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies in high-income countries have suggested a positive association between subjective well-being (SWB) and mortality, studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries, such as China, are scarce. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between SWB and all-cause mortality among the older Chinese population. METHODS Data were from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a population-based longitudinal cohort study in 22 of 31 provinces in mainland China. A total of 13,282 individuals aged 65 ≥ years who were recruited in 2002 and followed-up until 2018 were included. SWB was assessed with an eight-item tool covering life satisfaction, positive affect (including optimism, happiness, personal control and conscientiousness) and negative affect (including anxiety, loneliness and uselessness). Cox proportional hazards regression methods were carried out to estimate the association between SWB and total mortality, adjusting for a wide range of potential confounders. Subgroup analyses and interaction analyses were further conducted. RESULTS During the 16.5 years of follow-up, 8459 deaths were identified. Greater SWB was independently associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81-0.89) after adjustment for age, sex, marital status, education level, place of residence, smoking status, drinking, exercise, diet, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases and cancer. Of the eight individual SWB symptoms, only 2 items, feelings of uselessness (adjusted HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89-0.99) and happiness (adjusted HR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.86-0.95), were significantly associated with total mortality. Associations remained significant across all subgroups regardless of different characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Higher SWB overall and 2 certain symptoms (feelings of uselessness and happiness) were independently associated with all-cause mortality risk among older Chinese adults. The association was consistent across different groups, suggesting that promoting a healthier SWB may be beneficial to all older individuals irrespective of their characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsu Zhu
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Lian
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
| | - Yongying Huang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhong
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Pedroso-Chaparro MDS, Antón-López JC, Cabrera I, Márquez-González M, Martínez-Huertas JÁ, Losada-Baltar A. 'I feel old and have aging stereotypes'. Internalized aging stereotypes and older adults' mental health: the mediational role of loneliness. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:1619-1626. [PMID: 36604315 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2163376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to analyze the role of aging stereotype activation (when older adults with aging stereotypes begin to consider themselves as older persons) in the relationship between ageist stereotypes, depressive, anxiety, loneliness, and comorbid anxiety-depressive symptoms. METHODS Participants were 182 autonomous community-dwelling people between 60 and 88 (mean age = 72.30; SD = 5.53). Three path models were tested exploring the role of considering oneself as an older person as a moderator variable. Ageist stereotypes were included as the independent variable, loneliness as the mediating variable, and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and comorbid anxiety-depressive symptoms as dependent variables for each model. RESULTS The results suggest an influence of ageist stereotypes on anxiety, depressive, and comorbid anxiety-depressive symptoms only in older adults who consider themselves as older persons, and mediated by loneliness. CONCLUSION This study suggests that, when someone considers him or herself as an older person, ageist stereotypes activate loneliness feelings, and this activation is associated with psychological distress, including anxiety, depressive, and comorbid anxiety-depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Cabrera
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Márquez-González
- Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Harel D, Keisari S. Tele-Drama Therapy with Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Field Training Project. Clin Gerontol 2023; 46:400-412. [PMID: 36794366 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2023.2178353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper explores a field training project of tele-drama therapy with community-dwelling older adults during COVID19. It merges three perspectives: the older participants' perspective, the students engaged in the field training, who conducted this remote therapy, and social workers. METHODS Interviews were conducted with 19 older adults. Focus groups were conducted with 10 drama therapy students and 4 social workers. The data were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Three themes emerged: the role of drama therapy methods in the therapeutic process, attitudes toward psychotherapy for older adults, and the phone as a therapeutic setting. These themes coalesced into a triangular model associating dramatherapy, tele-psychotherapy and psychotherapy with the older population. A number of obstacles were identified. CONCLUSIONS The field training project made a dual contribution to the older participants and the students. In addition, it promoted more positive attitudes among the students toward psychotherapy with the older population. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Tele-drama therapy methods appear to promote the therapeutic process with older adults. However, the phone session should be planned in advance in terms of time and place to ensure the participants' privacy. Field training of mental health students with older adults can promote more positive attitudes toward working with the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovrat Harel
- The Drama Therapy Program, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel.,The Interdisciplinary Research Center for Arts and Spirituality: Therapy, Education and Society, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Shoshi Keisari
- Drama & Health Science Lab, the School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,The Center for Research and Study of Aging, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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20
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Bratt AS, Fagerström C. Perceptions of General Attitudes towards Older Adults in Society: Is There a Link between Perceived Life Satisfaction, Self-Compassion, and Health-Related Quality of Life? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3011. [PMID: 36833705 PMCID: PMC9964577 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Negative attitudes towards aging are common in society. However, few studies have investigated how older adults perceive this phenomenon. This study investigated (a) how older adults in Sweden perceive general attitudes towards the older population and whether negative perceptions are associated with low life satisfaction, self-compassion, and health-related quality of life (HRQL), and (b) whether perceived attitudes predict life satisfaction when controlling for HRQL, self-compassion, and age. The sample comprised 698 randomly selected participants, aged 66-102 years, from the Blekinge part of the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care. The results showed that 25.7% of the participants held negative attitudes towards older adults and reported lower life satisfaction and HRQL. Self-compassion was related to higher life satisfaction, perceived positive attitudes, and better mental HRQL. Overall, perceived attitudes, HRQL, self-compassion, and age predicted 44% of the participants' life satisfaction. Understanding the factors that influence older adults' life satisfaction is crucial, as health-related losses might reduce the opportunity for a successful life. Our study makes an important contribution to the field, showing that perceived attitudes explained 1.2% of the variance of life satisfaction, whereas mental and physical HRQL accounted for 18% of life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sofia Bratt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, 35195 Växjö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Fagerström
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Research, Region Kalmar County, 39236 Kalmar, Sweden
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21
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[Age images of older patients with psychiatric diseases -The importance of attachment and mentalization]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PSYCHOSOMATISCHE MEDIZIN UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023; 69:6-20. [PMID: 36927320 DOI: 10.13109/zptm.2023.69.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The emergence and effects of self-perception of ageing (SPA) are central gerontological research topics. SPA has an influence on numerous psychological, cognitive and physical parameters.The question of its significance for mental illness in old age, which was investigated in the present study, has so far remained in the background. Of particular interest was the connection to attachment and mentalization. Method: A clinical sample (N = 150) was compared with a non-clinical sample (N = 153). Both were divided into three age groups (40-54, 55-69 and over 70 years).The survey instruments used were the Attitude to Own Ageing subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Moral Scale (PGCMS) and a mentalizing and an attachment questionnaire (MZQ and ECR). Results:The clinical sample showed significantly lower scores in all age groups (more negative SWA), but only the non-clinical sample showed a decrease in age across the three age groups, thus the SPA became more negative. In the regression analytic evaluation, a more negative SPA was associated with an avoidant attachment orientation as well as reduced mentalizing skills. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of SWA as a clinically and therapeutically significant variable. Finally, therapeutic implications are discussed.
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Zeng Y, Mao S, Lu N, Chen M. Activity Patterns and Loneliness in Later Life: The Mediating Effects of Social Support and Attitudes Toward Aging. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:303-318. [PMID: 35880465 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2022.2103761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies have documented the inconsistent influences of activity participation on health. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting activity patterns to loneliness are relatively understudied. Using data on 8,545 respondents aged 60 or older from the 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, we used latent class analysis to identify the patterns of participating in eight activities and path analysis to examine the mediating effects of formal support, informal support, and aging attitudes in the relationship of activity patterns and loneliness. Three meaningful patterns of activity (high activity, low activity, and working caregivers) were identified. Working caregivers and low activity groups, compared to high activity, showed higher levels of loneliness in later life. Informal support, rather than formal support, and attitudes toward aging mediated the relationship between activity patterns and loneliness in later life. This study highlights the importance of fuller engagement in diverse political, economic, and community activities to prevent loneliness. Additionally, intervention programs that facilitate joint support from family, community, and government and shape scientific understanding of aging are critical for alleviating loneliness in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Mao
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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23
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Feinstein BA, Katz BW, Benjamin I, Macaulay T, Dyar C, Morgan E. The Roles of Discrimination and Aging Concerns in the Mental Health of Sexual Minority Older Adults. LGBT Health 2022; 10:324-330. [DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2022.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Feinstein
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benjamin W. Katz
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Isabel Benjamin
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Taylor Macaulay
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christina Dyar
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ethan Morgan
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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24
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Stressful life events and subjectively rated sleep quality among older adults in China: the roles of positive and negative attitudes towards ageing. AGEING & SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x22001222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sleep is an integral part of individuals' health and wellbeing. Despite evidence showing that social stressors are important contributors to older adults' sleep problems, how the accumulative stressful life events (SLEs) and ageing attitudes independently and jointly affect sleep quality among older adults in developing countries remains unclear. This study examined the effects of SLEs on subjectively rated sleep quality among older adults in China, and explored the potential mediating and moderating roles of positive and negative ageing attitudes on the above association. Using data from the 2014 China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey, we had complete data for 7,780 older adults aged 60 and older. We employed logistic regression models and the Karlson–Holm–Breen decomposition method. Our findings indicated that SLEs significantly increased the risk of poor sleep quality, especially for those who had experienced two or more SLEs during the past year. Positive ageing attitudes were associated with lower odds of poor sleep quality, whereas negative ageing attitudes were related to higher odds of poor sleep quality. Moreover, the mediation analyses suggested that SLEs were associated with poor sleep quality via negative ageing attitudes. The moderating effects further documented that higher levels of positive ageing attitudes can significantly attenuate the deleterious impact of SLEs on sleep quality. The findings highlight the significance of SLEs for older adults' sleep quality and shed light on the importance of ageing attitudes to improve older adults' sleep in China as well as other low- and middle-income countries, where the social safety nets are still underdeveloped.
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25
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Pedroso-Chaparro MDS, Cabrera I, Márquez-González M, Vara-García C, Fernandes-Pires JA, Gallego-Alberto L, Losada-Baltar A. [Guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden: A relevant variable associated with the psychological distress of older adults]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2022; 57:303-311. [PMID: 36243650 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the relationship between guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden and negative self-perceptions of aging, perceived control and anxious and depressive symptomatology in older people without cognitive or functional limitations. METHODS Participants were 351 community-dwelling people over 60 years without explicit cognitive or functional limitation. Indirect effet analysis were conducted that examined the indirect effect of negative self-perceptions of aging through 1) perceived control and anxious symptomatology and 2) perceived control and depressive symptomatology in guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden. RESULTS Both models showed an indirect relationship between negative self-perceptions of aging and guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden through 1) perceived control and anxious symptomatology and 2) perceived control and depressive symptomatology, explaining 26.37% of anxious symptomatology, 48.51% of depressive symptomatology and 13.73% and 14.44% of guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden, respectively. DISCUSSION The results obtained suggest that higher negative self-perceptions of aging is associated with a lower perception of control and greater psychological distress (anxiety and depression), and this process increases the feeling of guilt for perceiving oneself as burden to family members in older people without functional or cognitive limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Cabrera
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - María Márquez-González
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | | | | | - Laura Gallego-Alberto
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Rejab N, Muhammad NA, Tohid H, Tohit NM, Kin PW, Drahman I. A Malay Version of the Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire: Its Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability in the Malaysian Older Adult Population. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2022; 26:225-232. [PMID: 35811114 PMCID: PMC9535368 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.22.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) was developed to assess perceptions of the aging process among older adults. The 24 items were framed into three factors. This study aimed to translate the AAQ from English to the Malay language (AAQ-M) and determine its factorial structure and validity in a Malaysian population. Methods The original AAQ underwent a standard translation process, as well as content and face validation, to produce the AAQ-M. The construct validity of the AAQ-M was then assessed in 254 older adults aged 60 years and above attending a public primary care clinic in Seremban, Malaysia. Results Exploratory factor analysis showed a three-factor model for the AAQ-M with acceptable reliability and Cronbach α values ranging from 0.71 to 0.82 for each factor. A total of five items were omitted for poor factor loadings (<0.32) or because they did not conceptually fit into the factor they were loaded onto. Of the final 19 AAQ-M items, seven were physical change factors, eight were psychosocial loss factors, and four were psychological growth factors. This three-factor model explained 37.9% of the total variance. Conclusion The AAQ-M version confirmed that the three-factor model, namely physical change, psychosocial loss, and psychological growth, was similar to that of the original AAQ. The AAQ-M is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the three aspects of attitudes toward aging in the Malaysian older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazihah Rejab
- Seremban Health Clinic, Ministry of Health, Jalan Rasah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azimah Muhammad
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Corresponding Author: Noor Azimah Muhammad, MBBS, MMed(FamilyMedicine), PhD Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - Hizlinda Tohid
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noorlaili Mohd Tohit
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pok Wen Kin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Drahman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Sibley D, Bassett-Gunter RL, Meisner BA. Promoting Lifespan Physical Activity Intentions… and Aging Anxieties? The Paradox of High-Risk and Loss-Framed Messages. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-022-09420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Segel-Karpas D, Cohn-Schwartz E, Ayalon L. Self-perceptions of aging and depressive symptoms: the mediating role of loneliness. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1495-1501. [PMID: 34669540 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1991275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Depression is a major health concern for both individuals and societies. Hence, understanding the risk factors for depression is of importance. As individuals grow older, the way in which they perceive the aging process may have a significant influence on their physical and mental health. More negative perceptions of aging could put individuals at risk for social withdrawal, causing loneliness and resulting in higher levels of depressive symptoms.Methods: We use the Health and Retirement Survey, a large and longitudinal dataset spanning over a period of 8 years, to examine a model in which loneliness mediates the relationship between self-perceptions of aging and depressive symptoms.Results: Our findings suggest that loneliness indeed mediates the relationship between self-perceptions of aging and depressive symptoms.Conclusions: The results highlight to the importance of the way people view the aging process in shaping their social and mental well-being. Practitioners may want to address self-perceptions of aging when helping older adults cope with loneliness and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ella Cohn-Schwartz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Liat Ayalon
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Mature and Older Adults’ Perception of Active Ageing and the Need for Supporting Services: Insights from a Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137660. [PMID: 35805320 PMCID: PMC9265376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The improvement in life expectancy, economic conditions, and technological and medical progress have radically changed the demographic structure of many societies. Since many countries now have an ageing population, by adopting a life-course study perspective, this paper aims to explore the needs of older adults (over 60), and the currently adult population which will become older in the coming decades (50–60 years). In detail, the study investigates the lifestyles of the target populations by focusing on two main areas concerning health (healthy diet; attitudes towards physical activity) and socio-relational-housing and living conditions (social housing, senior co-housing in rural environments, etc.). A qualitative study was carried out based on 16 in-depth interviews developed over one month (February 2022). The conduct of the interviews was supported by the Italian Center for Sensory Analysis (CIAS). Emerging from the results, the concept of active ageing is perceived by mature and older adults in a positive and optimistic way. The sample considered want to re-engage in life, continuing to be active, useful, and maintaining their self-esteem, social life and independence. However, despite older people’s major concerns being preserve their physical abilities and social integration, this target group adopts behaviours focused more on current well-being rather than worrying too much about how this well-being will change as they age.
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Seow PS, Byrne GJ, Arnold E, Pachana NA. Relationships Between Aging Attitudes and Successful Aging Outcomes in Middle-age and Older Women. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-13. [PMID: 35593153 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2072791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the relationships between aging attitudes and the outcomes of successful aging, including whether aging attitudinal types moderate psychological adjustment in the context of medical and mental health diagnoses. METHODS In total, 409 community-dwelling women aged 40-79 years in Australia completed the Reactions to Aging Questionnaire (RAQ), Geriatric Depression Scale, Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory. Information about medical and mental health diagnoses were collected. RESULTS Overall, aging attitudes and all three RAQ subscales were negatively correlated with scores on measures of depression and anxiety, and number of medical diagnoses. Attitudinal types toward aging were found to moderate the relationship between the number of mental health diagnoses and scores on the psychological measures of depression but not anxiety. Unique RAQ domain-specific relationships were found with the number of mental health diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the link between aging attitudes and psychological outcomes, the potential clinical value of RAQ attitudinal typologies classification as well as a multidimensional conceptualization of aging attitudes. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The findings reinforce the need for efforts to reduce ageism on a societal level, as well as informing clinical decision-making with older clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Shing Seow
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gerard J Byrne
- Academy of Psychiatry & Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Arnold
- Academy of Psychiatry & Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nancy A Pachana
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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Kang H, Kim H. Ageism and Psychological Well-Being Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221087023. [PMID: 35434202 PMCID: PMC9008869 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221087023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageism may have harmful effects on the psychological well-being of older adults, leading
to mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. However, there are insufficient
data to establish this hypothesis, and most work on the subject has appeared only in the
form of conceptual or theoretical papers. This study reviewed quantitative studies of the
relationship between ageism and psychological well-being of older adults. We conducted a
comprehensive review using searches of academic databases, the grey literature, hand
searches, and reference mining. A total of thirteen articles were selected using the
inclusion criteria. All the reviewed studies showed a negative association between ageism
and the psychological well-being of older adults. The study confirmed a negative
association between ageism and older adults’ psychological well-being, finding that older
adults with a high level of psychological well-being may be less negatively affected by
ageism, especially those who were proud of their age group, experienced less negative
emotions, were more optimistic about aging and their future, were more self-confident
about their bodies, and were flexible in setting goals. The identified mediators of the
association can inform intervention development to the effects of ageism and improve older
adults’ psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kang
- Department of Social Work, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Hansol Kim
- National Rehabilitation Research and Training (RRT) Center on Family Support, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Schladitz K, Förster F, Wagner M, Heser K, König HH, Hajek A, Wiese B, Pabst A, Riedel-Heller SG, Löbner M. Gender Specifics of Healthy Ageing in Older Age as Seen by Women and Men (70+): A Focus Group Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053137. [PMID: 35270831 PMCID: PMC8909956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
(1) The rising proportion of older adults in the population represents a challenge for the healthcare system. Women and men age differently. This study aims to examine gender-specific characteristics of health in old age from male and female perspectives. (2) Two focus groups were formed in this qualitative study of older (70+) women (n = 10) and men (n = 8) in accordance with the theoretical framework of the World Health Organization (WHO) on healthy ageing determinants. The data were audio recorded and fully transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was performed using MAXQDA. (3) In both focus groups (average age: women 77.1 years, men 74.9 years), gender-specific characteristics regarding healthy ageing were discussed. Women focused on healthy eating, while men focused on an active lifestyle and meaningful activities. Physical and social activities were considered as important for healthy ageing in both groups. (4) Important gender-specific characteristics of health in old age were identified and recommendations for gender-unspecific and gender-specific recommendations were derived. The results provide important information for promoting and maintaining health in old age. Women and men show both similarities and differences in terms of health-related needs and individual experiences. We suggest gender-specific features in nutrition and health programs for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schladitz
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-97-15-481
| | - Franziska Förster
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.); (M.L.)
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Heser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.)
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (H.-H.K.); (A.H.)
| | - André Hajek
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (H.-H.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Working Group Medical Statistics and IT-Infrastructure, Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.); (M.L.)
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.); (M.L.)
| | - Margrit Löbner
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.F.); (A.P.); (S.G.R.-H.); (M.L.)
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Kim E, Bolkan C. Attitudes toward aging as a psychological resource among caregivers of persons living with dementia. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 44:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Solhi M, Pirouzeh R, Zanjari N. Middle-aged preparation for healthy aging: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:274. [PMID: 35144582 PMCID: PMC8832661 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preparing for aging is investing resources in preparing to cope with the challenges that are expected to happen in older age. This will lead to an increase in the quality and well-being in aging. The present study was conducted to elucidate the preparation of the middle-aged people for healthy older age in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The present study was performed with a qualitative approach and using semi-structured interviews with 23 Iranian middle-aged people (45 to 59 years old), selected by purposive sampling, and the interviews continued until theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed using the content analysis technique with MAXQDA 10 software. RESULTS The preparation of the middle-aged people was examined in four main categories including staying healthy, financial perspective for the future, outlook on aging, and planning for use time productively. The middle-aged people paid more attention to Staying healthy than other dimensions and the saw their future financially as very dark. Outlook on aging and planning for use time productively dimensions were less considered by the subjects. DISCUSSION Preparing for healthy aging is a multidimensional concept. The results of the study showed that the middle-aged studied in Iranian society rarely had the necessary preparation and planning to have healthy aging, also preparation is outside the individual behavioral factors and is more affected by the economic situation of the society. So, interventions and the country's macro-policy are needed to plan for healthy aging these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Solhi
- Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Pirouzeh
- Health Education and Health Promotion, School of health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasibeh Zanjari
- Department of Health and Social welfare, Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chu L, Burton NW, Pachana NA. Ageing attitudes and mental health in middle and later adulthood: The buffering effect of education. Australas J Ageing 2022; 41:e172-e180. [DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chu
- Department of Psychology Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Applied Psychology Griffith University Mount Gravatt Queensland Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Mount Gravatt Queensland Australia
| | - Nancy A. Pachana
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Kisvetrová H, Mandysová P, Tomanová J, Steven A. Dignity and attitudes to aging: A cross-sectional study of older adults. Nurs Ethics 2021; 29:413-424. [PMID: 34875911 PMCID: PMC8958642 DOI: 10.1177/09697330211057223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dignity is a multidimensional construct that includes perception, knowledge, and emotions related to competence or respect. Attitudes to aging are a comprehensive personal view of the experience of aging over the course of life, which can be influenced by various factors, such as the levels of health and self-sufficiency and social, psychological, or demographic factors. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes to aging of home-dwelling and inpatient older adults, and whether dignity and other selected factors belong among the predictors influencing attitudes to aging in these two different groups of older adults. Research design: Cross-sectional study using a set of questionnaires: Patient Dignity Inventory, Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire, and Barthel Index. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression were used for statistical processing. Participants and research context: 233 inpatients and 237 home-dwelling older adults participated in the research in two regions of the Czech Republic. Ethical considerations: Institutional Review Board approval was received from the authors’ university. Findings: The inpatients had more negative attitudes to aging (M = 74.9±10.9; P <0.0001). The predictors of their attitudes to aging were gender and dignity. Women (β = −2.969, P = 0.045) and inpatients with poor dignity ratings (β = −0.332, P <0.0001) had more negative attitudes to aging. The predictors for home-dwelling older adults were education, living arrangement, and dignity. More negative attitudes to aging were found in older adults with lower levels of education (β = 2.716, P = 0.007) who lived alone (β = 2.163, P = 0.046) and rated their dignity as low (β = −0.325, P <0.0001). Discussion and Conclusions: The results of this study add to the understanding that a sense of dignity is an important predictor of attitudes to aging for both home-dwelling older adults and inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kisvetrová
- The Centre for Research and Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, 156927Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Mandysová
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, 156927Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Tomanová
- Institut of Education and Social Studies, Faculty of Education, 161956Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alison Steven
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, 373117Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Whitehead BR, Blaxton JM. Daily associations among aging perceptions, perceived health, and perceived stress in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:2255-2264. [PMID: 33356476 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1855625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Daily perceived stress is a key indicator of well-being across adulthood, but particularly for those experiencing age-linked challenges. Understanding how day-level factors most salient to the aging process are associated with daily stress levels can further elucidate the mechanisms involved. Here, we investigate two such age-salient factors-daily perceived health and day-level aging perceptions-on daily perceived stress in later life, with a particular interest in the potential role of aging perceptions as an emotion-focused coping resource. METHOD 127 older adults (mean age 79) completed daily surveys reporting aging perceptions, perceived health, and perceived stress for 14 days, along with a global questionnaire. Multilevel models assessed the between-person and within-person influences of both daily aging perceptions and daily perceived health on day-level perceived stress. RESULTS Key findings: (a) days of worse perceived health are also days of higher perceived stress; (b) days of more negative aging perceptions are days of higher perceived stress; (c) these individual effects maintain significance when the other is controlled, and (d) these effects interact, so that perceived health is more strongly associated with perceived stress on days when aging perceptions are below a person's mean. CONCLUSION The moderating effect identifies aging perceptions as a potentially important resource for emotion-focused coping in later life, particularly for older adults experiencing stress associated with poorer perceived health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda R Whitehead
- Behavioral Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica M Blaxton
- Psychology, Metropolitan State University, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Köttl H, Gallistl V, Rohner R, Ayalon L. "But at the age of 85? Forget it!": Internalized ageism, a barrier to technology use. J Aging Stud 2021; 59:100971. [PMID: 34794716 PMCID: PMC9757993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored how everyday information and communication technology (EICT), such as online banking, e-shopping, or e-mail, are essential for individuals of all ages to maintain activity engagement, health, and well-being. Yet, older adults are often stereotypically portrayed as incapable, technophobic, or unwilling to engage in EICT. This may further contribute to the digital divide, as age stereotypes have the power to act like self-fulfilling prophecies and impede older adults' engagement in complex everyday life tasks. This study aimed to shed light on internalized ageism as manifested in older non-users' narrations about EICT use. It further explored how age stereotypes in the context of EICT are constructed and perpetuated through disempowering and ageist environments. A qualitative approach was applied, performing semi-structured interviews in participants' homes (N = 15). Data were analyzed following the principles of qualitative content analysis, applying both deductive categorization and inductive coding. Internalized ageism appeared to be an omnipresent element in older adults' narrations about EICT non-use. This was reflected in the four subcategories "competence and learning", "relevance and use", "technology design", and "intergenerational contact". Ageism, as manifested in the social environment and the design of technology, seemingly contributed to the internalization of age stereotypes and low EICT engagement. This research calls for inclusive technology designs, ageism-free EICT learning settings, and awareness campaigns about lifelong learning to help close the digital divide and ensure optimal aging experiences for older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Köttl
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Vera Gallistl
- Department of Sociology, University of Vienna, Rooseveltplatz 2, 1090 Wien, Austria.
| | - Rebekka Rohner
- Department of Sociology, University of Vienna, Rooseveltplatz 2, 1090 Wien, Austria.
| | - Liat Ayalon
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
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39
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Krzeczkowska A, Spalding DM, McGeown WJ, Gow AJ, Carlson MC, Nicholls LAB. A systematic review of the impacts of intergenerational engagement on older adults' cognitive, social, and health outcomes. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101400. [PMID: 34237435 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intergenerational engagement could benefit health and wellbeing within an ageing population. This systematic review evaluated the impacts of intergenerational engagement on cognitive, social, and health outcomes in healthy older adults and older adults with mild cognitive impairment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Comprehensive literature searches were undertaken, with records filtered according to pre-registered criteria. Study quality was formally assessed, and a narrative synthesis of the findings produced. RESULTS Forty-four studies were reviewed. Regarding quantitative evidence, 4 out of 8 studies found significant intergenerational engagement effects on cognitive outcomes, 15 of 24 on social outcomes, and 21 of 31 on health-related outcomes. Qualitative evidence was also important for understanding perceived impacts and experiences of intergenerational programmes. Only 11 studies fully met criteria for high quality research, of which the majority focused on social outcomes. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS There are a range of potential benefits of intergenerational engagement, most notably regarding anxiety, generativity, cross-age attitudes, and physical activity. However, heterogeneity in programme context, sample design, dosage, and duration indicate that more research is required to enable wider implementation and generalisability. Scientific rigour in both quantitative and qualitative research should also be employed as far as possible, to provide the highest quality evidence.
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40
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Janssen LM, Flores V, Cao J. A North Star for Gerontology: Using the Threshold Concept Framework to Transform Ageism Education. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 62:797-802. [PMID: 34569599 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Threshold concepts are fundamental to the learning process and are said to transform the way we view and understand the world around us. Although a new framework to gerontology, the threshold concept framework has been utilized in many fields inside (e.g., psychology, social work) and outside (e.g., clinical and research settings) of academia. This framework facilitates understanding learning, exposing expert blind-spots, and designing curricula for complex concepts that are challenging to learn. For decades gerontologists have grappled with ageism and its dire consequences including unemployment, negative health outcomes, and rationing of health care. Education is one of, if not the most, powerful tools to combat ageism. This paper demonstrates the utility of the threshold concept framework for gerontologists by conceptualizing ageism as a threshold concept. The purpose of this article is to provide an innovative approach to education on complex gerontological topics in different clinical, research, and educational settings using ageism as a primary example of a threshold concept in gerontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Janssen
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Valerie Flores
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiawei Cao
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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Do opposite ends of same factors underlie life satisfaction vs. depressive symptoms among older people? Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2557-2564. [PMID: 33501622 PMCID: PMC8429157 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Although depressive symptoms are more common among older than younger age groups, life satisfaction tends to remain stable over the life course, possibly because the underlying factors or processes differ. Aim To study whether the factors that increase the likelihood of high life satisfaction also decrease the likelihood of depressive symptoms among older people. Methods The data were a population-based probability sample drawn from community-dwelling people aged 75, 80, and 85 years (n = 1021). Participants’ life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale and depressive symptoms with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Physical performance, perceived financial situation, executive functions, loneliness, self-acceptance, and having interests in one’s life were studied as explanatory variables. The data were analyzed using cross-sectional bivariate linear modeling. Results Better physical performance, not perceiving loneliness, having special interests in one’s life, and higher self-acceptance were associated with higher life satisfaction and fewer depressive symptoms. Better financial situation was related only to life satisfaction. Executive functions were not associated with either of the outcomes. Discussion The opposite ends of the same factors underlie positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being. Conclusion Further studies are warranted to better understand how people maintain life satisfaction with aging when many resources may diminish and depressive symptoms become more prevalent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-020-01765-z.
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Cadmus EO, Adebusoye LA, Owoaje ET. Attitude towards ageing and perceived health status of community-dwelling older persons in a low resource setting: a rural-urban comparison. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:454. [PMID: 34362305 PMCID: PMC8349088 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older person's attitude to ageing is critical for their adjustment, acceptance of health-related behaviour, survival and choices. Their attitude influences how they cope with the challenges experienced while ageing, which affects their quality of life and health-related outcomes. Despite the increasing number of older persons in sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information about their experience. This study examines the experience and attitude of older persons in Nigeria regarding the ageing process. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study among older persons aged 60 years and above was carried out in a selected rural and an urban community in Oyo State, south-western Nigeria. The study participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Trained research assistants collected data with the aid of an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) was used to measure participants' perception of ageing in three domains (psychosocial loss, physical changes and psychological growth). Data were analysed using Stata version 14 at a level of significance p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 1,180 participants (588 rural vs. 592 urban) were recruited for the study. The mean age was 73.2 ± 9.3 years. The majority (69.7 %) were females and still working (50.5 %). Overall, urban-dwelling participants had a better attitude to the ageing process in all the domains compared with rural-dwelling participants (psychological growth 32.5 ± 3.4 vs. 32.4 ± 3.3, p = 0.30; physical change 27.5 ± 5.1 vs. 26.9 ± 5.0, p = 0.03; and psychosocial loss 25.3 ± 5.7 vs. 25.0 ± 5.3, p = 0.60). Among the rural and urban-dwelling participants, good self-rated health was significantly associated with a positive attitude to ageing across the domains. CONCLUSIONS Older persons residing in urban communities had higher positivity to ageing than their rural older counterparts. The common factor significantly associated with a positive attitude to ageing in both groups was good self-rated health. This information can be used for the planning of targeted interventions and informing policy formation for improved provisions for community-dwelling older persons in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Cadmus
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,Chief Tony Anenih Geriatric Centre, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - L A Adebusoye
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Chief Tony Anenih Geriatric Centre, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - E T Owoaje
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:727-741. [PMID: 33849677 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610221000375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence linking subjective concerns about cognition with poorer objective cognitive performance is limited by reliance on unidimensional measures of self-perceptions of aging (SPA). We used the awareness of age-related change (AARC) construct to assess self-perception of both positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses). We tested whether AARC has greater utility in linking self-perceptions to objective cognition compared to well-established measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. We examined the associations of AARC with objective cognition, several psychological variables, and engagement in cognitive training. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. PARTICIPANTS The sample comprised 6056 cognitively healthy participants (mean [SD] age = 66.0 [7.0] years); divided into subgroups representing middle, early old, and advanced old age. MEASUREMENTS We used an online cognitive battery and measures of global AARC, AARC specific to the cognitive domain, subjective cognitive change, attitudes toward own aging (ATOA), subjective age (SA), depression, anxiety, self-rated health (SRH). RESULTS Scores on the AARC measures showed stronger associations with objective cognition compared to other measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. Higher AARC gains were associated with poorer cognition in middle and early old age. Higher AARC losses and poorer cognition were associated across all subgroups. Higher AARC losses were associated with greater depression and anxiety, more negative SPA, poorer SRH, but not with engagement in cognitive training. CONCLUSIONS Assessing both positive and negative self-perceptions of cognition and aging is important when linking self-perceptions to cognitive functioning. Objective cognition is one of the many variables - alongside psychological variables - related to perceived cognitive losses.
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Krajewska-Kułak E, Cybulski M, Aniśko P, Popławska M. Age Differences in Attitudes towards Older People in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136869. [PMID: 34206817 PMCID: PMC8297323 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The attitudes towards older people is essential. Society's perception of older adults is often unpleasant. Inappropriate treatment of older people in society causes a decrease in self-esteem, a sense of control over one's own life, a decrease in the quality of life, an increase in anxiety, depression, anger, and sadness. The aim of this study was to compare the attitudes of young people and seniors towards older people in relation to their satisfaction with life and self-esteem. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted online in groups of young adults under 35 years of age (Group I) and over 65 years of age (group II), with 177 people each. METHOD The study used the following questionnaires: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Self-Assessment of Own Person (SOP), and Kogan's Attitude Towards Old People Scale (KATOPS). RESULTS The satisfaction of life in both groups was average. The mean value of self-esteem was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in the group of seniors. Both groups of respondents had negative attitudes towards seniors in the KATOPS. There was a statistically significant correlation between life satisfaction and self-esteem in seniors. Gender, age, education, or place of residence of respondents had no impact on negative attitudes in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Both groups showed negative attitudes towards seniors. No significant correlation was found between the groups and gender of the respondents, and the influence of the respondent's age, education, marital status, or place of residence. There was a correlation between the respondents' attitudes in the subscale of negative attitudes and their satisfaction with life. No correlation between self-esteem and age and marital status were found with no dependence on gender, education, or place of residence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Paulina Aniśko
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland; (M.C.); (P.A.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Magda Popławska
- Students’ Scientific Society, Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland;
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Chu HY, Chan HS, Chen MF. Effects of Horticultural Activities on Attitudes toward Aging, Sense of Hope and Hand-Eye Coordination in Older Adults in Residential Care Facilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6555. [PMID: 34207071 PMCID: PMC8296344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of an 8-week horticultural activity intervention on attitudes toward aging, sense of hope, and hand-eye coordination in 88 older adults in residential care facilities. In the experimental group, the mean score for "attitudes toward aging" increased from 3.81 before the intervention to 4.74 points after the intervention (standard deviation SD = 0.24 and 0.27, respectively), and the control group dropped from 3.75 to 3.70 (standard deviations, respectively SD = 0.27 and 0.28). The mean score for "sense of hope" increased from 3.28 before the intervention to 3.81 points after the intervention (SD = 0.49 and 0.26, respectively). In contrast to the control group, the mean score gradually declined from 3.26 to 3.16 points (standard deviation SD = 0.54 and 0.48, respectively). In the test of hand-eye coordination, the time required to complete the cup stacking test significantly decreased from 33.56 to 25.38 s in the experimental group but did not significantly change in the control group. Generalized estimating equation analysis revealed a significant interaction between group and time (p < 0.001). The data trends revealed significant differences in outcomes between the experimental group and the control group. At 3 months after the end of the study, the effect size in the experimental group remained higher than that in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Chu
- Department of Living Services Industry, Tainan University of Technology, No. 529, Zhongzheng Rd., Yongkang District, Tainan City 71002, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Shan Chan
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78 Sec. 2, Minzu Rd., Tainan City 70043, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Fang Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78 Sec. 2, Minzu Rd., Tainan City 70043, Taiwan;
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Attitude toward Aging Mediates the Relationship between Personality and Mental Health in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050594. [PMID: 34067910 PMCID: PMC8156287 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine attitude toward aging as a potential mediator of the relationship between personality factors and mental health in terms of depression and life satisfaction among older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 438 Ethiopian elderly individuals aged 60 to 69. The results of the regression-based path analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic data, the relationship between agreeableness and depression in older adults was partially mediated by attitude toward aging. Likewise, attitude toward physical change due to aging and psychological growth subscales jointly mediated the correlation between neuroticism and depression. However, a significant direct path between neuroticism and depression persisted. On the contrary, openness had no significant direct association with depression apart from an indirect through psychosocial loss. The link between life satisfaction and agreeableness as well as openness to experience were partially mediated by psychosocial loss. Therefore, a person’s attitude toward aging and personality characteristics should be taken into consideration while designing interventions for managing mental health issues among older adults.
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Sabatini S, Silarova B, Martyr A, Collins R, Ballard C, Anstey KJ, Kim S, Clare L. Associations of Awareness of Age-Related Change With Emotional and Physical Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 60:e477-e490. [PMID: 31350849 PMCID: PMC7427487 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives This systematic review aimed to synthesize and quantify the associations of awareness of age-related change (AARC) with emotional well-being, physical well-being, and cognitive functioning. Research Design and Methods We conducted a systematic review with a correlational random effects meta-analysis. We included quantitative studies, published from January 1, 2009 to October 3, 2018, exploring associations between AARC and one or more of the following outcomes: emotional well-being, physical well-being, and cognitive functioning. We assessed heterogeneity (I2) and publication bias. Results We included 12 studies in the review, 9 exploring the association between AARC and emotional well-being and 11 exploring the association between AARC and physical well-being. No study explored the association between AARC and cognitive functioning. Six articles were included in the meta-analysis. We found a moderate association between a higher level of AARC gains and better emotional well-being (r = .33; 95% CI 0.18, 0.47; p <.001; I2 = 76.01) and between a higher level of AARC losses and poorer emotional (r = −.31; 95% CI −0.38, −0.24; p < .001; I2 = 0.00) and physical well-being (r = −.38; 95% CI −0.51, −0.24; p < .001; I2 = 83.48). We found a negligible association between AARC gains and physical well-being (r = .08; 95% CI 0.02, 0.14; p < .122; I2 = 0.00). Studies were of medium to high methodological quality. Discussion and Implications There is some indication that AARC gains and losses can play a role in emotional well-being and that AARC losses are associated with physical well-being. However, the number of included studies is limited and there was some indication of heterogeneity. PROSPERO Registration CRD42018111472.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sabatini
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbora Silarova
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony Martyr
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachel Collins
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Clive Ballard
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarang Kim
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Linda Clare
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, University of Exeter, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Adaptation to Athletic Retirement and Perceptions About Aging: A Qualitative Study of Retired Olympic Athletes. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 29:828-842. [PMID: 33652415 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Self-perceptions about aging have implications for health and well-being; however, less is known about how these perceptions influence adaptation to major life transitions. The goal of this study was to examine how high-performance athletes' perceptions about aging influenced their adaptation to athletic retirement. In-depth interviews conducted with 24 retired Olympic athletes using thematic analysis yielded three key themes: (a) perceptions about aging influenced participants' postretirement exercise habits, (b) perceptions about aging motivated participants to engage in civic activities, and (c) participants who lacked formative perceptions about aging associated their athletic retirement with their own lost sense of purpose. These findings provide evidence that perceptions about aging influence athletes' adaptation to retirement by directing their subsequent engagement in postretirement activities. Furthermore, this research highlights theoretical implications for the literature regarding embodied processes, retirement transitions, role models, and adaptation to new physical states.
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Jang ES, Kim K. The mediating role of interpersonal needs on attitude towards ageing and its relationship with community sense and depression among community-dwelling older adults. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:547-553. [PMID: 32748424 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of community sense, depression and interpersonal needs on attitude towards ageing among older adults. This is a cross-sectional and correlational study. From December 2018 to June 2019, 211 community-dwelling older adults from a mid-sized city in Korea participated in the study. The results showed a significant interpersonal needs path from depression and community sense to attitude towards ageing. When interpersonal needs were mediated, the indirect effect of both depression and community sense on attitude towards ageing was significant. Interpersonal needs had a significant mediating effect on the relationships between attitude towards ageing and community sense and depression. The results of this study showed the effects of socio-psychological factors on attitude towards ageing, which is a known indicator of successful ageing and quality of life improvement in older adults. Based on this study, we suggest that the development of programs to promote successful ageing should include strategies to improve community sense, interpersonal needs fulfilment and interventions to reduce depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sil Jang
- Department of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Changwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisook Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Liu J, Wei W, Peng Q, Guo Y. How Does Perceived Health Status Affect Depression in Older Adults? Roles of Attitude toward Aging and Social Support. Clin Gerontol 2021; 44:169-180. [PMID: 31423918 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2019.1655123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to test the mediating effect of attitude toward aging and the moderating effect of social support in the association between perceived health status and depression in older adults. Methods: The study hypotheses were tested by using quantitative data collected from 6485 Chinese older adults. SPSS macro PROCESS was employed to analyze the data. Results: The results show that the relationship between perceived health status and depression in older adults is mediated by their attitude toward aging. In addition, both direct and indirect impacts of perceived health status on depression are significantly buffered by social support. Conclusions: This study suggests a potential mediating role of attitude toward aging and a moderating role of social support in the association between physical health and mental health among older adults. Clinical Implications: The findings of the study suggest that clinicians might need to consider attitudes toward aging along with social support as they work with older adults with comorbid physical illnesses and depression. The findings also reveal that social support is not only about the external resources that older adults need to cope with stressful life events, but also serves as an inner sustenance to make older adults less sensitive to the deleterious effects of poor health status and negative attitude toward aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Foreign Languages and Tourism, Wuxi Institute of Technology , Wuxi Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Qingyun Peng
- Department of Sociology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Guo
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University , Wuxi Jiangsu, China.,College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO, USA
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