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Zadka-Peer S, Rosenbloom T. Targeted nudging for speeding behavior: The influence of interpersonal characteristics on responses to in-vehicle road nudges. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2024; 204:107638. [PMID: 38815308 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Road carnage is one of the most fatal and expensive global issues today. Many solutions have been implemented to minimize it, but most are costly and unreliable. Therefore, in this study, nudges were used as a reliable and inexpensive tool to affect safe driving behavior which, in turn, may reduce road fatalities. To optimize the use of nudges, we suggested that responses to nudges - in a similar manner to responses to other stimuli - may vary by interpersonal characteristics, so that different nudges may lead to more accurate and reliable reactions in different sub-populations in a predictable manner. To test these assertions, we collected a sample of 200 participants, both men and women, ages 17.5 to 83 years. We measured different interpersonal characteristics that included both demographic information (e.g., age, gender, years with a driver's license) and different personality traits. We then assessed responses to nudges using a simulator that was specially designed for this study, in which participants are asked to adjust their speed as they see fit while they watched a video shot from a driver's perspective of the forward roadway. Over the course of the video, a different nudge was displayed for each subject and their response latency and speeds were recorded for further analysis. We were able to observe several interesting phenomena: responses to a reminder nudge and a negative reinforcement nudge were faster than responses to a social norm nudge. However, the latter showed a longer-term impact. The responses to the social norm interventions were also more variable, demonstrating that high neuroticism is linked to decreased response to social norm nudges, a picture that is repeated in men compared to women. Contrarily, conscientiousness was linked to a faster and more reliable response to the social norm nudge, and the gender effect was eliminated for men with high conscientiousness. Moreover, parenthood was found to increase the response to all nudges and was protective against the effects of high sensation-seeking, which led to more road violations. These findings may be tested using modern technology, which can facilitate the measurements of personal traits and verify the reliability of responses to nudges. Therefore, the current study suggests nudge personalization may be beneficial in improving the use of nudges on the road.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Zadka-Peer
- Department of Management, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
| | - Tova Rosenbloom
- Department of Management, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Cui Z, Liu F, Hu J. Identification of pleiotropic and specific therapeutic targets for cardio-cerebral diseases: A large-scale proteome-wide mendelian randomization and colocalization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300500. [PMID: 38820305 PMCID: PMC11142593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardiac-brain connection has been identified as the basis for multiple cardio-cerebral diseases. However, effective therapeutic targets for these diseases are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify pleiotropic and specific therapeutic targets for cardio-cerebral diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses. METHODS This study included two large protein quantitative trait loci studies with over 4,000 plasma proteins were included in the discovery and replication cohorts, respectively. We initially used MR to estimate the associations between protein and 20 cardio-cerebral diseases. Subsequently, Colocalization analysis was employed to enhance the credibility of the results. Protein target prioritization was based solely on including highly robust significant results from both the discovery and replication phases. Lastly, the Drug-Gene Interaction Database was utilized to investigate protein-gene-drug interactions further. RESULTS A total of 46 target proteins for cardio-cerebral diseases were identified as robust in the discovery and replication phases by MR, comprising 7 pleiotropic therapeutic proteins and 39 specific target proteins. Followed by colocalization analysis and prioritization of evidence grades for target protein, 6 of these protein-disease pairs have achieved the highly recommended level. For instance, the PILRA protein presents a pleiotropic effect on sick sinus syndrome and Alzheimer's disease, whereas GRN exerts specific effects on the latter. APOL3, LRP4, and F11, on the other hand, have specific effects on cardiomyopathy and ischemic stroke, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully identified important therapeutic targets for cardio-cerebral diseases, which benefits the development of preventive or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Zhu
- Cardiology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Cardiology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorui Cui
- Cardiology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fani Liu
- Cardiology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiqiang Hu
- Cardiology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yang J, Liang L, Wei Y, Liu Y, Li X, Huang J, Zhang Z, Li L, Deng D. Altered cortical and subcortical morphometric features and asymmetries in the subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1297028. [PMID: 38107635 PMCID: PMC10722314 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1297028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate morphological changes in cortical and subcortical regions and their asymmetrical differences in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These morphological changes may provide valuable insights into the early diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods We conducted structural MRI scans on a cohort comprising 62 SCD patients, 97 MCI patients, and 70 age-, sex-, and years of education-matched healthy controls (HC). Using Freesurfer, we quantified surface area, thickness, the local gyrification index (LGI) of cortical regions, and the volume of subcortical nuclei. Asymmetry measures were also calculated. Additionally, we explored the correlation between morphological changes and clinical variables related to cognitive decline. Results Compared to HC, patients with MCI exhibited predominantly left-sided surface morphological changes in various brain regions, including the transverse temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, insula, and pars opercularis. SCD patients showed relatively minor surface morphological changes, primarily in the insula and pars triangularis. Furthermore, MCI patients demonstrated reduced volumes in the anterior-superior region of the right hypothalamus, the fimbria of the bilateral hippocampus, and the anterior region of the left thalamus. These observed morphological changes were significantly associated with clinical ratings of cognitive decline. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that cortical and subcortical morphometric changes may contribute to cognitive impairment in MCI, while compensatory mechanisms may be at play in SCD to preserve cognitive function. These insights have the potential to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lingyan Liang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yichen Wei
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaocheng Li
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiazhu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Linling Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Shenzhen, China
| | - Demao Deng
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Boquete-Pumar C, Álvarez-Salvago F, Martínez-Amat A, Molina-García C, De Diego-Moreno M, Jiménez-García JD. Influence of Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness on Cognitive Domains among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2963. [PMID: 37998454 PMCID: PMC10671636 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health issues presented by the aging population can result in reduced muscle mass, poorer physical function, and cognitive impairment. The goal of this study was to determine how nutritional status and physical fitness relate to cognitive impairment in older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study involving 100 participants was carried out to analyze the impact of nutritional status and physical fitness on cognitive impairment. Nutritional status was assessed with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF); physical fitness via the implementation of manual grip evaluation, the 4-m walking test (4-MWT), and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test; and cognitive impairment evaluation was conducted using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Boston Naming Test (BNT) and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT). RESULTS Data analysis revealed that higher malnutrition status was associated with fewer correct responses in the COWAT (R2 = 0.421), while a correlation between higher MMSE and BNT scores, faster completion times for the 4-m walking and TUG tests, and an increase in handgrip strength load was also observed. CONCLUSION The analysis of the data revealed that those individuals with superior nutritional status and greater levels of physical fitness outperformed others on the cognitive evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Boquete-Pumar
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.B.-P.); (A.M.-A.); (M.D.D.-M.); (J.D.J.-G.)
| | - Francisco Álvarez-Salvago
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.B.-P.); (A.M.-A.); (M.D.D.-M.); (J.D.J.-G.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Amat
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.B.-P.); (A.M.-A.); (M.D.D.-M.); (J.D.J.-G.)
| | - Cristina Molina-García
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia UCAM, Campus de los Jerónimos nº135, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain;
| | - Manuel De Diego-Moreno
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.B.-P.); (A.M.-A.); (M.D.D.-M.); (J.D.J.-G.)
| | - José Daniel Jiménez-García
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.B.-P.); (A.M.-A.); (M.D.D.-M.); (J.D.J.-G.)
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Song M, Seo DG, Kim SY, Kang Y. Validation of the Short Form of Korean-Everyday Cognition (K-ECog). J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e370. [PMID: 37967880 PMCID: PMC10643252 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating the activities of daily living (ADL) is an important factor for diagnosing dementia. The Everyday Cognition (ECog) scale was developed to measure ADL changes that were correlated with specific neuropsychological impairments. A short form of the ECog (ECog-12) was also developed, consisting of 12 items, two from each of the six cognitive domains of the ECog. The Korean full version of ECog (K-ECog) has recently been standardized, but the need for a shortened version has been raised in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of ECog-12 (K-ECog-12) and to verify its reliability and validity by comparing those to the full version of K-ECog. METHODS The participants were 267 cognitively normal older adults (CN), 183 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 89 patients with dementia. The Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Korean-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA), and Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS) were administered to all participants. The K-ECog and Korean-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL) were rated by the informants of patients. RESULTS K-ECog-12 was newly constructed by replacing one item for the visuospatial function in the original ECog-12 with another one through an item response theory analysis on Korean data. The internal consistencies (Cronbach's α) of K-ECog-12 and K-ECog were 0.95 and 0.99, respectively. The test-retest reliabilities (Pearson's r) were 0.67 for K-ECog-12 and 0.73 for K-ECog. The K-ECog-12 was significantly correlated with K-ECog as well as K-IADL, K-MMSE, and K-MoCA. The K-ECog-12 scores differed significantly between the CN, MCI, and dementia groups, as did the K-ECog scores. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that K-ECog-12, like K-ECog, could differentiate MCI and dementia patients from CN as well. CONCLUSION The K-ECog-12 is as reliable and valid as the K-ECog in assessing ADL. Therefore, K-ECog-12 can be used as an alternative to the K-ECog in clinical and community settings in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Song
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Hallym Applied Psychology Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Gi Seo
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Hallym Applied Psychology Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonwook Kang
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Hallym Applied Psychology Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
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Kim H, Yang S, Park J, Kim BC, Yu KH, Kang Y. Effect of Education on Discriminability of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Compared to Mini-Mental State Examination. Dement Neurocogn Disord 2023; 22:69-77. [PMID: 37179689 PMCID: PMC10166679 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2023.22.2.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has been known as a screening test for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) better than Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). However, in previous domestic studies, no significant difference was found in the discriminability between MoCA and MMSE. Researchers have suggested that this might be because older Koreans are less educated than older Westerners. This study was conducted to examine the effect of education on the discriminability of MoCA compared to the MMSE. Methods Participants were 123 cognitively normal elderly, 118 with vascular MCI, 108 with amnestic MCI, 121 with vascular dementia, and 113 with dementia of the Alzheimer's type. The Korean-MoCA (K-MoCA) and Korean-MMSE (K-MMSE) were administered. Multiple regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. Results In all participants, education significantly affected both K-MoCA and K-MMSE scores along with age. The effect of education was re-examined by subgroup analysis after dividing subjects according to the level of education. Effect of education on K-MoCA and K-MMSE was only shown in the group with <9 years of education. ROC curve analyses revealed that the discriminability of K-MoCA to differentiate between vascular MCI and normal elderly was significantly higher than that of K-MMSE. When re-examining subgroups divided by education level, however, this higher discriminability of K-MoCA disappeared in the group with <9 years of education. Conclusions These results indicate no difference in discriminating cognitive deficits between K-MoCA and K-MMSE in Korean elderly with <9 years of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoon Kim
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Choennam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seonyeong Yang
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jaesel Park
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Byeong Chae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Choennam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yeonwook Kang
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Hao L, Jia J, Xing Y, Han Y. An application study-subjective cognitive decline Questionnaire9 in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2014-2021. [PMID: 34583593 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1980860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) complaints as the early manifestation of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be harbingers of objective cognitive decline. SCD-questinnaire9 (SCD-Q9) is developed to investigate the early sign for MCI. However, few studies have reported its power for discriminating MCI from healthy controls (HCs). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the discrimination power of SCD-Q9 as a brief screening tool for early detection of SCD in MCI.Methods: 84 HCs and 205 people with MCI were recruited. Their demographic information and scores of SCD-Q9 were compared. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the potential affecting factors of MCI, and the Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was applied to test the discrimination powers of those factors, including SCD-Q9.Results: (1) Single and total scores of SCD-Q9 were all lower in the MCI group than those in the HC group. (2) Ageing, lower education and higher total scores of SCD-Q9 were associated with MCI. (3) Area Under the Curves (AUC) of SCD-Q9 for discriminating MCI from HC group was 0.815 and when integrating age and education, the AUC improved slightly and reached 0.839. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity were 68.8% and 85.7%, respectively when a cut-off value of 3 was applied. Conclusions: SCD-Q9 may be able to detect the subjective cognitive decline in MCI early, but it may be used together with other screening questionnaires to improve its sensitivity and further verification of its power is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Hao
- Department of General Practice, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Jia
- Department of General Surgery, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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Chun MY, Park CJ, Kim J, Jeong JH, Jang H, Kim K, Seo SW. Prediction of conversion to dementia using interpretable machine learning in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:898940. [PMID: 35992586 PMCID: PMC9389270 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.898940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a transitional state between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, not all aMCI patients are observed to convert to AD dementia. Therefore, developing a predictive algorithm for the conversion of aMCI to AD dementia is important. Parametric methods, such as logistic regression, have been developed; however, it is difficult to reflect complex patterns, such as non-linear relationships and interactions between variables. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the predictive power of aMCI patients’ conversion to dementia by using an interpretable machine learning (IML) algorithm and to identify the factors that increase the risk of individual conversion to dementia in each patient. Methods We prospectively recruited 705 patients with aMCI who had been followed-up for at least 3 years after undergoing baseline neuropsychological tests at the Samsung Medical Center between 2007 and 2019. We used neuropsychological tests and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype data to develop a predictive algorithm. The model-building and validation datasets were composed of data of 565 and 140 patients, respectively. For global interpretation, four algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting) were compared. For local interpretation, individual conditional expectations (ICE) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to analyze individual patients. Results Among the four algorithms, the extreme gradient boost model showed the best performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.852 and an accuracy of 0.807. Variables, such as age, education, the scores of visuospatial and memory domains, the sum of boxes of the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, and APOE genotype were important features for creating the algorithm. Through ICE and SHAP analyses, it was also possible to interpret which variables acted as strong factors for each patient. Conclusion We were able to propose a predictive algorithm for each aMCI individual’s conversion to dementia using the IML technique. This algorithm is expected to be useful in clinical practice and the research field, as it can suggest conversion with high accuracy and identify the degree of influence of risk factors for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Chun
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae Jung Park
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jonghyuk Kim
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Biomedical Statistics Center, Data Science Research Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kyunga Kim,
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Sang Won Seo,
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Effects of Alzheimer's genetic risk scores and CSF biomarkers in de novo Parkinson's Disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:57. [PMID: 35545633 PMCID: PMC9095668 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexisting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the implications of genetic risk scores (GRS) for AD have not been elucidated in PD. In 413 de novo PD and 195 healthy controls from the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative database, the effects of GRS for AD (GRS-AD) and PD (GRS-PD) on the risk of PD and longitudinal CSF biomarkers and clinical outcomes were explored. Higher GRS-PD and lower baseline CSF α-synuclein were associated with an increased risk of PD. In the PD group, GRS-AD was correlated positively with CSF p-tau/Aβ and negatively with CSF α-synuclein. Higher GRS-PD was associated with faster CSF p-tau/Aβ increase, and GRS-AD and GRS-PD were interactively associated with CSF α-synuclein. In the PD group, higher GRS-AD was associated with poor visuospatial function, and baseline CSF p-tau/Aβ was associated with faster cognitive decline. Higher GRS-PD was associated with better semantic fluency and frontal-related cognition and motor function given the same levels of CSF biomarkers and dopamine transporter uptake. Taken together, our results suggest that higher GRS-AD and CSF p-tau/Aβ, reflecting AD-related pathophysiology, may be associated with cognitive decline in PD patients.
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Jang H, Park YH, Choe YS, Kang SH, Kang ES, Lee S, Seo SW, Kim HJ, Na DL. Amyloid Positive Hydrocephalus: A Hydrocephalic Variant of Alzheimer's Disease? J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:1467-1479. [PMID: 34958024 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) commonly coexist. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize an overlapping syndrome of AD and NPH that presents with gait disturbance, ventriculomegaly on magnetic resonance imaging, and significant amyloid deposition on positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS Of 114 patients who underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage for a possible diagnosis of NPH between 2015 and 2020 in Samsung Medical Center, we identified 24 patients (21.1%) with the NPH patients with amyloid deposition on PET, which we referred to as hydrocephalic AD in this study. We compared their clinical and imaging findings with those of 123 typical AD without hydrocephalic signs/symptoms. We also investigated the frequency and potential predictors of the tap test response in hydrocephalic AD. RESULTS Evans' index was 0.36±0.03, and a disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space was present in 54.2% of the hydrocephalic AD patients. The mean age (75.2±7.3 years) and the APOE4 frequency (68.2%) did not differ from those of AD controls. However, the hydrocephalic AD patients showed better memory and language performance, and a thinner cingulate cortex. About 42% of the hydrocephalic AD patients responded to the tap test, of whom seven underwent shunt surgery. Cognition did not improve, whereas gait improved after shunt surgery in all. CONCLUSION Hydrocephalic AD has different neuropsychological and imaging characteristics from typical AD. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the effect of CSF removal on their clinical course and to elucidate the pathophysiological interaction between amyloid and NPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sim Choe
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kang
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Kang
- Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
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12
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Jansen MG, Geerligs L, Claassen JAHR, Overdorp EJ, Brazil IA, Kessels RPC, Oosterman JM. Positive Effects of Education on Cognitive Functioning Depend on Clinical Status and Neuropathological Severity. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:723728. [PMID: 34566608 PMCID: PMC8459869 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.723728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Variability in cognitive functions in healthy and pathological aging is often explained by educational attainment. However, it remains unclear to which extent different disease states alter protective effects of education. We aimed to investigate whether protective effects of education on cognition depend on (1) clinical diagnosis severity, and (2) the neuropathological burden within a diagnosis in a memory clinic setting. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 108 patients with subjective cognitive decline [SCD, median age 71, IQR (66-78), 43% men], 190 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI, median age 78, IQR (73-82), 44% men], and 245 with Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) [median age 80, IQR (76-84), 35% men]. We combined visual ratings of hippocampal atrophy, global atrophy, and white matter hyperintensities on MRI into a single neuropathology score. To investigate whether the contribution of education to cognitive performance differed across SCD, MCI, and AD, we employed several multiple linear regression models, stratified by diagnosis and adjusted for age, sex, and neurodegeneration. We re-ran each model with an additional interaction term to investigate whether these effects were influenced by neuropathological burden for each diagnostic group separately. False discovery rate (FDR) corrections for multiple comparisons were applied. Results: We observed significant positive associations between education and performance for global cognition and executive functions (all adjusted p-values < 0.05). As diagnosis became more severe, however, the strength of these associations decreased (all adjusted p-values < 0.05). Education related to episodic memory only at relatively lower levels of neuropathology in SCD (β = -0.23, uncorrected p = 0.02), whereas education related to episodic memory in those with higher levels of neuropathology in MCI (β = 0.15, uncorrected p = 0.04). However, these interaction effects did not survive FDR-corrections. Conclusions: Altogether, our results demonstrated that positive effects of education on cognitive functioning reduce with diagnosis severity, but the role of neuropathological burden within a particular diagnosis was small and warrants further investigation. Future studies may further unravel the extent to which different dimensions of an individual's disease severity contribute to the waxing and waning of protective effects in cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle G. Jansen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Linda Geerligs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inti A. Brazil
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roy P. C. Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, Netherlands
| | - Joukje M. Oosterman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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13
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Effect of education on functional network edge efficiency in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17255. [PMID: 34446742 PMCID: PMC8390462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of education on the edge efficiency in resting state functional networks (RSFNs) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD). We collected the data of 57 early aMCI, 141 late aMCI, 173 mild ADD, and 39 moderate-to-severe ADD patients. We used years of education as a proxy for cognitive reserve. We measured edge efficiency for each edge in RSFNs, and performed simple slope analyses to discover their associations with education level among the four groups. In the late aMCI, a sub-network that had hub nodes in the right middle frontal gyrus and the right posterior cingulate gyrus, showed a positive association between RSFN edge efficiency and education (threshold = 2.5, p = 0.0478). There was no negative effect of education on the RSFN edge efficiency. In the early aMCI, mild ADD, and moderate-to-severe ADD, there were no sub-networks showing positive or negative correlation between education and RSFN edge efficiency. There was a positive effect of higher education on RSFN edge efficiency in the late aMCI, but not in the early aMCI or ADD. This indicates that in late aMCI, those who have higher education level have greater ability to resist collapsed functional network.
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14
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Meier IB, Buegler M, Harms R, Seixas A, Çöltekin A, Tarnanas I. Using a Digital Neuro Signature to measure longitudinal individual-level change in Alzheimer's disease: the Altoida large cohort study. NPJ Digit Med 2021; 4:101. [PMID: 34168269 PMCID: PMC8225898 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional neuropsychological assessments for Alzheimer's disease are burdensome and inaccurate at detecting mild cognitive impairment and predicting Alzheimer's disease risk. Altoida's Digital Neuro Signature (DNS), a longitudinal cognitive test consisting of two active digital biomarker metrics, alleviates these limitations. By comparison to conventional neuropsychological assessments, DNS results in faster evaluations (10 min vs 45-120 min), and generates higher test-retest in intraindividual assessment, as well as higher accuracy at detecting abnormal cognition. This study comparatively evaluates the performance of Altoida's DNS and conventional neuropsychological assessments in intraindividual assessments of cognition and function by means of two semi-naturalistic observational experiments with 525 participants in laboratory and clinical settings. The results show that DNS is consistently more sensitive than conventional neuropsychological assessments at capturing longitudinal individual-level change, both with respect to intraindividual variability and dispersion (intraindividual variability across multiple tests), across three participant groups: healthy controls, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. Dispersion differences between DNS and conventional neuropsychological assessments were more pronounced with more advanced disease stages, and DNS-intraindividual variability was able to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. These findings are instrumental for patient monitoring and management, remote clinical trial assessment, and timely interventions, and will hopefully contribute to a better understanding of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Azizi Seixas
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arzu Çöltekin
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Tarnanas
- Altoida Inc., Houston, TX, USA.
- Global Brain Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
- Hellenic Initiative Against Alzheimer's Disease, BiHeLab Ionian University, Kerkira, Greece.
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15
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Combination of automated brain volumetry on MRI and quantitative tau deposition on THK-5351 PET to support diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10343. [PMID: 33990649 PMCID: PMC8121780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging biomarkers support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to determine whether combining automated brain volumetry on MRI and quantitative measurement of tau deposition on [18F] THK-5351 PET can aid discrimination of AD spectrum. From a prospective database in an IRB-approved multicenter study (NCT02656498), 113 subjects (32 healthy control, 55 mild cognitive impairment, and 26 Alzheimer disease) with baseline structural MRI and [18F] THK-5351 PET were included. Cortical volumes were quantified from FDA-approved software for automated volumetric MRI analysis (NeuroQuant). Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was calculated from tau PET images for 6 composite FreeSurfer-derived regions-of-interests approximating in vivo Braak stage (Braak ROIs). On volumetric MRI analysis, stepwise logistic regression analyses identified the cingulate isthmus and inferior parietal lobule as significant regions in discriminating AD from HC and MCI. The combined model incorporating automated volumes of selected brain regions on MRI (cingulate isthmus, inferior parietal lobule, hippocampus) and SUVRs of Braak ROIs on [18F] THK-5351 PET showed higher performance than SUVRs of Braak ROIs on [18F] THK-5351 PET in discriminating AD from HC (0.98 vs 0.88, P = 0.033) but not in discriminating AD from MCI (0.85 vs 0.79, P = 0.178). The combined model showed comparable performance to automated volumes of selected brain regions on MRI in discriminating AD from HC (0.98 vs 0.94, P = 0.094) and MCI (0.85 vs 0.78; P = 0.065).
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16
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Comparison of Education and Episodic Memory as Modifiers of Brain Atrophy Effects on Cognitive Decline: Implications for Measuring Cognitive Reserve. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:401-411. [PMID: 33455611 PMCID: PMC8137673 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617720001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the level of education and tests from multiple cognitive domains as proxies for cognitive reserve. METHOD The participants were educationally, ethnically, and cognitively diverse older adults enrolled in a longitudinal aging study. We examined independent and interactive effects of education, baseline cognitive scores, and MRI measures of cortical gray matter change on longitudinal cognitive change. RESULTS Baseline episodic memory was related to cognitive decline independent of brain and demographic variables and moderated (weakened) the impact of gray matter change. Education moderated (strengthened) the gray matter change effect. Non-memory cognitive measures did not incrementally explain cognitive decline or moderate gray matter change effects. CONCLUSIONS Episodic memory showed strong construct validity as a measure of cognitive reserve. Education effects on cognitive decline were dependent upon the rate of atrophy, indicating education effectively measures cognitive reserve only when atrophy rate is low. Results indicate that episodic memory has clinical utility as a predictor of future cognitive decline and better represents the neural basis of cognitive reserve than other cognitive abilities or static proxies like education.
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17
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Disease progression modeling of Alzheimer's disease according to education level. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16808. [PMID: 33033321 PMCID: PMC7544693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop a disease progression model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that shows cognitive decline from subjective cognitive impairments (SCI) to the end stage of AD dementia (ADD) and to investigate the effect of education level on the whole disease spectrum, we enrolled 565 patients who were followed up more than three times and had a clinical dementia rating sum of boxes (CDR-SB). Three cohorts, SCI (n = 85), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (AMCI, n = 240), and ADD (n = 240), were overlapped in two consecutive cohorts (SCI and AMCI, AMCI and ADD) to construct a model of disease course, and a model with multiple single-cohorts was estimated using a mixed-effect model. To examine the effect of education level on disease progression, the disease progression model was developed with data from lower (≤ 12) and higher (> 12) education groups. Disease progression takes 274.3 months (22.9 years) to advance from 0 to 18 points using the CDR-SB. Based on our predictive equation, it takes 116.5 months to progress from SCI to AMCI and 56.2 months to progress from AMCI to ADD. The rate of CDR-SB progression was different according to education level. The lower-education group showed faster CDR-SB progression from SCI to AMCI compared to the higher-education group, and this trend disappeared from AMCI to ADD. In the present study, we developed a disease progression model of AD spectrum from SCI to the end stage of ADD. Our disease modeling provides us with more understanding of the effect of education on cognitive trajectories.
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18
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Yang H, Gu S, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Zhao J, Cheng Z. Plasma Protein Panels for Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly Chinese Individuals with Different Educational Backgrounds. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1629-1638. [PMID: 32662047 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To explore plasma protein panels as potential biomarkers to screen for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly Chinese individuals with different educational backgrounds. Forty-four illiterate, 36 lower education (1-6 years), and 55 higher education (7 years or more) elderly individuals were included in the present study. Among all subjects, 67 were healthy individuals and 68 were diagnosed with MCI. Fifty plasma proteins in blood samples collected from these subjects were analyzed via the Luminex assay. Binary logistic regression was utilized to explore diagnostic models for MCI among the three educational subgroups. Then, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted for the clinical validity of the MCI models. Among the analyzed proteins, clusterin was used in the model of MCI among the total sample with a sensitivity (se) of 67.6%, a specificity (sp) of 59.7%, and a classification rate of 63.68%. The MCI model for the illiterate group included cystatin C, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and apolipoprotein A-I (se: 71.4%, sp.: 82.6%, accuracy: 77.25%). The sensitivity, specificity, and classification rate of the diagnostic model of MCI in elderly adults with lower education (human serum albumin) were each 75.0%. Additionally, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rate of the diagnostic model for MCI elderly individuals with higher education (alpha-acid glycoprotein + soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 + pancreatic polypeptide) were 77.8%, 89.3%, and 83.60%, respectively. The performance of diagnostic models for MCI based on different educational levels is superior to that of diagnostic models for MCI without grouping by educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Yang
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shouquan Gu
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinfa Zhao
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang Road, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zaohuo Cheng
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
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19
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Demographic Factors and Cognitive Function Assessments Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment Progression for the Elderly. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3054373. [PMID: 32090075 PMCID: PMC7031731 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3054373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we aimed to conduct a 6-year follow-up and acquire a large sample dataset to analyze the most important demographic factors and cognitive function scale variables associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression for an elderly cohort (age ≥ 60 years old). Patients and Methods. We analyzed the subjects who had participated in a survey in 2011 and were successfully contacted in the later survey in 2017. For each subject, the basic demographic information was recorded, including sex, age, education level, marital status, working status, income level, and physical mental illness history. Cognitive assessments were performed using the following scales if possible: (1) the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale, (2) Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), (3) the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale, and (4) Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17). Results The progression outcomes were different between sexes, among age brackets, education degrees, occupations types, and income levels; different progression groups had distinct children numbers (p < 0.001), heights (p < 0.001), heights (p < 0.001), heights (p < 0.001), heights ( Conclusions In conclusion, the MCI progression outcomes were associated with sex, age, education degrees, occupations types, income level, children number, height, and weight. MoCA and MMSE scales are supporting tools to predict the progression outcomes, especially combined with the demographic data.
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20
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Development and Validation of the Full Version of Story Memory in the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, 2nd Edition: Expanded Version (K-MMSE-2: EV). Dement Neurocogn Disord 2019; 18:96-104. [PMID: 31681444 PMCID: PMC6819669 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2019.18.3.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The Korean version of Story Memory (SM) in the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, 2nd Edition: Expanded Version (K-MMSE-2: EV) was developed. Based on the SM, we additionally developed a full version of SM including delayed recall (DR) and recognition adding to immediate recall (IR). This study aimed to examine the reliabilities and validities of the newly developed SM in the K-MMSE-2: EV and its full version. Methods Ninety-five healthy elderly individuals (HE), 90 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 53 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) participated in the study. They were administered the full version of SM with the Seoul Verbal Learning Test-Elderly's version (SVLT-E) and Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT). In addition, the SM was re-administered to 51 participants after a 5-week interval. Two clinical neuropsychologists independently rated the performance of 50 participants. Results The test-retest reliabilities of the IR, DR, and recognition of the SM were statistically significant. The inter-rater reliabilities (Cohen's kappa) were high (0.87–1.00) for all the measures. The IR, DR, and recognition of SM had significant positive correlations with those of the SVLT-E and RCFT. Significant group differences in IR and DR of SM were found among the HE, aMCI, and DAT groups. The recognition scores were significantly different between the aMCI and DAT groups, but not between the HE and aMCI groups. Conclusions The newly developed full version of SM in the K-MMSE-2: EV was proven to be a reliable and valid memory measure for clinical use.
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21
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Kim SE, Woo S, Kim SW, Chin J, Kim HJ, Lee BI, Park J, Park KW, Kang DY, Noh Y, Ye BS, Yoo HS, Lee JS, Kim Y, Kim SJ, Cho SH, Na DL, Lockhart SN, Jang H, Seo SW. A Nomogram for Predicting Amyloid PET Positivity in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:681-691. [PMID: 30320571 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most clinical trials focus on amyloid-β positive (Aβ+) amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), but screening failures are high because only a half of patients with aMCI are positive on Aβ PET. Therefore, it becomes necessary for clinicians to predict which patients will have Aβ biomarker. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare clinical factors, neuropsychological (NP) profiles, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype between Aβ+ aMCI and Aβ-aMCI and to develop a clinically useful prediction model of Aβ positivity on PET (PET-Aβ+) in aMCI using a nomogram. METHODS We recruited 523 aMCI patients who underwent Aβ PET imaging in a nation-wide multicenter cohort. The results of NP measures were divided into following subgroups: 1) Stage (Early and Late-stage), 2) Modality (Visual, Verbal, and Both), 3) Recognition failure, and 4) Multiplicity (Single and Multiple). A nomogram for PET-Aβ+ in aMCI patients was constructed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS PET-Aβ+ had significant associations with NP profiles for several items, including high Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes score (OR 1.47, p = 0.013) and impaired memory modality (impaired both visual and verbal memories compared with visual only, OR 3.25, p = 0.001). Also, presence of APOEɛ4 (OR 4.14, p < 0.001) was associated with PET-Aβ+. These predictors were applied to develop the nomogram, which showed good prediction performance (C-statistics = 0.79). Its prediction performances were 0.77/0.74 in internal/external validation. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram consisting of NP profiles, especially memory domain, and APOEɛ4 genotype may provide a useful predictive model of PET-Aβ+ in patients with aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sookyoung Woo
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Woo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhee Chin
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung In Lee
- Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jinse Park
- Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Do-Young Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, Severance hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Soo Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, Severance hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeshin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Application of an amyloid and tau classification system in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:292-303. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Lee JS, Park YH, Park S, Yoon U, Choe Y, Cheon BK, Hahn A, Cho SH, Kim SJ, Kim JP, Jung YH, Park KC, Kim HJ, Jang H, Na DL, Seo SW. Distinct Brain Regions in Physiological and Pathological Brain Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:147. [PMID: 31275140 PMCID: PMC6591468 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studying structural brain aging is important to understand age-related pathologies, as well as to identify the early manifestations of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. In this study, we investigated the long-term trajectory of physiological and pathological brain aging in a large number of participants ranging from the 50s to over 80 years of age. Objective To explore the distinct brain regions that distinguish pathological brain aging from physiological brain aging using sophisticated measurements of cortical thickness. Methods A total of 2,823 cognitively normal (CN) individuals and 2,675 patients with AD continuum [874 with subjective memory impairment (SMI), 954 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 847 with AD dementia] who underwent a high-resolution 3.0-tesla MRI were included in this study. To investigate pathological brain aging, we further classified patients with aMCI and AD according to the severity of cognitive impairment. Cortical thickness was measured using a surface-based method. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate age, diagnostic groups, and cortical thickness. Results Aging extensively affected cortical thickness not only in CN individuals but also in AD continuum patients; however, the precuneus and inferior temporal regions were relatively preserved against age-related cortical thinning. Compared to CN individuals, AD continuum patients including those with SMI showed a decreased cortical thickness in the perisylvian region. However, widespread cortical thinning including the precuneus and inferior temporal regions were found from the late-stage aMCI to the moderate to severe AD. Unlike the other age groups, AD continuum patients aged over 80 years showed prominent cortical thinning in the medial temporal region with relative sparing of the precuneus. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the precuneus and inferior temporal regions are the key regions in distinguishing between physiological and pathological brain aging. Attempts to differentiate age-related pathology from physiological brain aging at a very early stage would be important in terms of establishing new strategies for preventing accelerated pathological brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Uicheul Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yeongsim Choe
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Cheon
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alice Hahn
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hee Jung
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Song M, Lee SH, Jahng S, Kim SY, Kang Y. Validation of the Korean-Everyday Cognition (K-ECog). J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e67. [PMID: 30863265 PMCID: PMC6406041 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the early diagnosis of dementia, an important factor is the evaluation of activities of daily living. The Everyday Cognition (ECog) scale was developed to measure functional changes that are the everyday correlates of specific neuropsychological impairments. This study aimed to examine the validity of the Korean version of Everyday Cognition (K-ECog). METHODS The participants were 268 cognitively normal older adults (NA), 151 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 77 dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). The Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Korean-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA), and Short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS) were administered to all the participants. The K-ECog and Korean-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL) were rated by their informants. RESULTS Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) of K-ECog global function was 0.93, and its test-retest reliability (Pearson's r) was 0.73. K-ECog was significantly correlated with K-IADL (0.66), K-MMSE (-0.38), and K-MoCA (-0.26). Confirmatory factor analysis of K-ECog yielded seven factor model that the original ECog proposed. K-ECog global score and six domain scores were significantly different across the NA, aMCI, and DAT groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that K-ECog effectively differentiated aMCI and DAT patients from NA, suggesting that K-ECog is as sensitive for detecting functional impairments as K-IADL. The proposed optimal cut-off score to differentiate aMCI from NA was 1.41. CONCLUSION K-ECog is proven reliable and valid for clinical use. K-ECog can be used to distinguish very early stages of impaired ADL and cognitive impairment in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Song
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Seungmin Jahng
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonwook Kang
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
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25
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Kim YJ, Cho SK, Kim HJ, Lee JS, Lee J, Jang YK, Vogel JW, Na DL, Kim C, Seo SW. Data-driven prognostic features of cognitive trajectories in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairments. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2019; 11:10. [PMID: 30670089 PMCID: PMC6343354 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is generally considered to be a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, patients with aMCI show heterogeneous patterns of progression. Moreover, there are few studies investigating data-driven cognitive trajectory in aMCI. We therefore classified patients with aMCI based on their cognitive trajectory, measured by clinical dementia rating sum of boxes (CDR-SOB). Then, we compared the clinical and neuroimaging features among groups classified by cognitive trajectory. METHODS We retrospectively recruited 278 patients with aMCI who underwent three or more timepoints of neuropsychological testing. They also had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including structured three-dimensional volume images. Cortical thickness was measured using surface-based methods. We performed trajectory analyses to classify our aMCI patients according to their progression and investigate their cognitive trajectory using CDR-SOB. RESULTS Trajectory analyses showed that patients with aMCI were divided into three groups: stable (61.8%), slow decliner (31.7%), and fast decliner (6.5%). Changes throughout a mean follow-up duration of 3.7 years in the CDR-SOB for the subgroups of stable/slow/fast decliners were 1.3-, 6.4-, and 12-point increases, respectively. Decliners were older and carried apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotypes more frequently than stable patients. Compared with the stable group, decliners showed a higher frequency of aMCI patients with both visual and verbal memory dysfunction, late stage aMCI, and multiple domain dysfunction. In addition, compared with the stable group, the slow decliners showed cortical thinning predominantly in bilateral parietotemporal areas, while the fast decliners showed cortical thinning predominantly in bilateral frontotemporal areas. Both decliner groups showed worse cognitive function in attention, language, visuospatial, memory, and frontal/executive domains than the stable group. CONCLUSIONS Our data-driven trajectory analysis provides new insights into heterogeneous cognitive trajectories of aMCI and further suggests that baseline clinical and neuroimaging profiles might predict aMCI patients with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoung Cho
- Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juyoun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Kyoung Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montrèal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Changsoo Kim
- Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea. .,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
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26
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Jung NY, Cho H, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Lee JM, Park S, Kim ST, Kim EJ, Kim JS, Moon SH, Lee JH, Ewers M, Na DL, Seo SW. The impact of education on cortical thickness in amyloid-negative subcortical vascular dementia: cognitive reserve hypothesis. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2018; 10:103. [PMID: 30261914 PMCID: PMC6161352 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The protective effect of education has been well established in Alzheimer’s disease, whereas its role in patients with isolated cerebrovascular diseases remains unclear. We examined the correlation of education with cortical thickness and cerebral small vessel disease markers in patients with pure subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and patients with pure subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD). Methods We analyzed 45 patients with svMCI and 47 patients with SVaD with negative results on Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomographic imaging who underwent structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main outcome was cortical thickness measured using surface-based morphometric analysis. We also assessed the volumes of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and numbers of lacunes as other outcomes. To investigate the correlation of education with cortical thickness, WMH volume, and number of lacunes, multiple linear regression analyses were performed after controlling for covariates, including Mini Mental State Examination, in the svMCI and SVaD groups. Results In the SVaD group, higher education was correlated with more severe cortical thinning in the bilateral dorsolateral frontal, left medial frontal, and parahippocampal areas, whereas there was no correlation of education with cortical thickness in the svMCI group. There was no correlation between education and cerebral small vessel disease, including WMH and lacunes, in both patients with svMCI and patients with SVaD. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the compensatory effects of education on cortical thinning apply to patients with SVaD, which might be explained by the cognitive reserve hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yeon Jung
- Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Yangsan, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongbeom Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Tae Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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27
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Jang H, Ye BS, Woo S, Kim SW, Chin J, Choi SH, Jeong JH, Yoon SJ, Yoon B, Park KW, Hong YJ, Kim HJ, Lockhart SN, Na DL, Seo SW. Prediction Model of Conversion to Dementia Risk in Subjects with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Longitudinal, Multi-Center Clinic-Based Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:1579-1587. [PMID: 28968237 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have an increased risk of dementia. However, conversion rate varies. Therefore, predicting the dementia conversion in these patients is important. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a nomogram to predict dementia conversion in aMCI subjects using neuropsychological profiles. METHODS A total of 338 aMCI patients from two hospital-based cohorts were used in analysis. All patients were classified into 1) verbal, visual, or both, 2) early or late, and 3) single or multiple-domain aMCI according to the modality, severity of memory dysfunction, and multiplicity of involved cognitive domains, respectively. Patients were followed up, and conversion to dementia within 3 years was defined as the primary outcome. Our patients were divided into a training data set and a validation data set. The associations of potential covariates with outcome were tested, and nomogram was constructed by logistic regression model. We also developed another model with APOE data, which included 242 patients. RESULTS In logistic regression models, both modalities compared with visual only (OR 4.44, 95% CI 1.83-10.75, p = 0.001), late compared to early (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.17-5.72, p = 0.019), and multiple compared to single domain (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.62-7.60, p = 0.002) aMCI were significantly associated with dementia conversion within 3 years. A nomogram incorporating these clinical variables was constructed on the training data set and validated on the validation data set. Both nomograms with and without APOE data showed good prediction performance (c-statistics ≥ 0.75). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that several neuropsychological profiles of aMCI are significantly associated with imminent dementia conversion, and a nomogram incorporating these clinical subtypes is simple and useful to help to predict disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sookyoung Woo
- Statistic and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Woo Kim
- Statistic and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhee Chin
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Donga University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Donga University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Kim JP, Jang HM, Kim HJ, Na DL, Seo SW. Neuropsychological test-based risk prediction of conversion to dementia in amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients: a personal view. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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29
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Mungas D, Gavett B, Fletcher E, Farias ST, DeCarli C, Reed B. Education amplifies brain atrophy effect on cognitive decline: implications for cognitive reserve. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 68:142-150. [PMID: 29798764 PMCID: PMC5993638 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Level of education is often regarded as a proxy for cognitive reserve in older adults. This implies that brain degeneration has a smaller effect on cognitive decline in those with more education, but this has not been directly tested in previous research. We examined how education, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of brain degeneration, and their interaction affect cognitive decline in diverse older adults spanning the spectrum from normal cognition to dementia. Gray matter atrophy was strongly related to cognitive decline. While education was not related to cognitive decline, brain atrophy had a stronger effect on cognitive decline in those with more education. Importantly, high education was associated with slower decline in individuals with lesser atrophy but with faster decline in those with greater atrophy. This moderation effect was observed in Hispanics (who had high heterogeneity of education) but not in African-Americans or Caucasians. These results suggest that education is an indicator of cognitive reserve in individuals with low levels of brain degeneration, but the protective effect of higher education is rapidly depleted as brain degeneration progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mungas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Brandon Gavett
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Evan Fletcher
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce Reed
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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30
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Myung W, Lee C, Park JH, Woo SY, Kim S, Kim S, Chung JW, Kang HS, Lim SW, Choi J, Na DL, Kim SY, Lee JH, Han SH, Choi SH, Kim SY, Carroll BJ, Kim DK. Occupational Attainment as Risk Factor for Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease: A CREDOS Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:283-292. [PMID: 27662289 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High occupational attainment has been known as a marker of cognitive reserve. Previous studies in the general population have shown that high occupational attainment is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, few studies have assessed the effect of occupational attainment on the clinical course of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In this study, we evaluated whether individuals with high occupational attainment show more frequent progression from MCI to AD. Participants (n = 961) with MCI were recruited from a nationwide, hospital-based multi-center cohort, and were followed for up to 60 months (median: 17.64, interquartile range [12.36, 29.28]). We used Cox regression for competing risks to analyze the effect of occupational attainment on development of AD, treating dementia other than AD as a competing risk. Among the 961 individuals with MCI, a total of 280 (29.1%) converted to dementia during the follow-up period. The risk of progression to AD was higher in the individuals with high occupational attainment after controlling for potential confounders (hazard ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.25-2.69, p = 0.002). High occupational attainment in individuals with MCI is an independent risk factor for higher progression rate of MCI to AD. This result suggests that the protective effect of high occupational attainment against cognitive decline disappears in the MCI stage, and that careful assessment of occupational history can yield important clinical information for prognosis in individuals with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojae Myung
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chunsoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hong Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook-Young Woo
- Biostatistical Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Biostatistical Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangha Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Shin Kang
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinn-Won Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junbae Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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31
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Myung W, Park JH, Woo SY, Kim S, Kim SH, Chung JW, Kang HS, Lim SW, Choi J, Na DL, Kim SY, Lee JH, Han SH, Choi SH, Kim SY, Carroll BJ, Kim DK. Extrapyramidal Signs and Risk of Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia: A Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea Study. Psychiatry Investig 2017; 14:754-761. [PMID: 29209378 PMCID: PMC5714716 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2017.14.6.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extrapyramidal signs (EPS) are common in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, few studies have assessed the effect of EPS on the clinical course of MCI. We aimed to evaluate whether patients with EPS show more frequent progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to other types of dementia. METHODS Participants (n=882) with MCI were recruited, and were followed for up to 5 years. The EPS positive group was defined by the presence of at least one EPS based on a focused neurologic examination at baseline. RESULTS A total of 234 converted to dementia during the follow-up period. The risk of progression to AD was lower in the patients with EPS after adjusting for potential confounders [hazard ratio (HR)=0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.53-0.93, p=0.01]. In contrast, the patients with EPS had a six-fold elevated risk of progression to dementia other than AD (HR=6.33, 95%CI=2.30-17.39, p<0.001). CONCLUSION EPS in patients with MCI is a strong risk factor for progression of MCI to non-Alzheimer dementia. The careful neurologic examination for EPS in patients with MCI can yield important clinical information for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojae Myung
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Young Woo
- Biostatistical Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Biostatistical Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ha Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Shin Kang
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinn-Won Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbae Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Bernard J. Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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32
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Predictors That a Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment Will Remain Stable 3 Years Later. Cogn Behav Neurol 2017; 30:8-15. [PMID: 28323681 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In half to two thirds of patients who are diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the diagnosis neither converts to dementia nor reverts to normal cognition; however, little is known about predictors of MCI stability. Our study aimed to identify those predictors. METHODS We obtained 3-year longitudinal data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set for patients with a baseline diagnosis of MCI. To predict MCI stability, we used the patients' baseline data to conduct three logistic regression models: demographics, global function, and neuropsychological performance. RESULTS Our final sample had 1059 patients. At the end of 3 years, 596 still had MCI and 463 had converted to dementia. The most reliable predictors of stable MCI were higher baseline scores on delayed recall, processing speed, and global function; younger age; and absence of apolipoprotein E4 alleles. CONCLUSIONS Not all patients with MCI progress to dementia. Of the protective factors that we identified from demographic, functional, and cognitive data, the absence of apolipoprotein E4 alleles best predicted MCI stability. Our predictors may help clinicians better evaluate and treat patients, and may help researchers recruit more homogeneous samples for clinical trials.
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Factors affecting therapeutic response to Rivastigmine in Alzheimer's disease patients in Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:277-283. [PMID: 28601231 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rivastigmine has been widely used in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the therapeutic response rate varies from 20 to 60%. A dose-dependent effect has been suggested, but the plasma concentration of rivastigmine and its metabolite, NAP 226-90, were not measured in previous studies. The influencing factors of therapeutic response are complicated and discordant in various studies among different ethnic groups. Hence, we analyzed the therapeutic responses of rivastigmine, measured by neuropsychological assessments, among 63 clinically diagnosed AD patients taking a daily dosage of 6-9 mg in relation to their plasma concentration of rivastigmine and NAP 226-90, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and demographic characteristics. Our reports revealed that 41.3% of recruited AD patients had improvement in cognition, measured by Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and 63.5% in global status, by Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) score. In cognition, the clinically improving group had a significantly higher rivastigmine concentration [p = 0.049, odds ratio (OR) = 1.029, 95%CI = 1.000-1.058], lower initial MMSE score (p = 0.010, OR = 0.708, 95%CI = 0.546-0.920), and lower initial CDR-SB score (p = 0.003, OR = 0.552, 95%CI = 0.372-0.817). The patients with APOE ε4 allele had worsening cognition (p = 0.037, OR = 3.870, 95%CI = 1.082-13.840). In global status, only higher education (p = 0.043, OR = 1.222, 95%CI = 1.007-1.484) was significantly associated with clinical improvement. In conclusion, high concentrations of rivastigmine may benefit cognitive function of AD patients, especially in APOE ε4 (-) carriers.
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Yang C, Sun X, Tao W, Li X, Zhang J, Jia J, Chen K, Zhang Z. Multistage Grading of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Associated Brain Gray Matter Volume and Cognitive Behavior Characterization. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 8:332. [PMID: 28119601 PMCID: PMC5222841 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: It is well known that there is a wide range of different pathological stages related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) among patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Further refinement of the stages based on neuropsychological and neuroimaging methods is important for earlier disease detection, as well as for the development and evaluation of disease-modifying interventions. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 125 aMCI patients were classified into declined progressively three stages of mild, moderate and severe, utilizing the extreme groups approach (EGA) based on their memory function. Fifty-two patients, in addition to 24 cognitively normal subjects, were included in further structural MRI analyses. Characteristics of cognitive functions and brain structures across these newly defined stages were explored through general linear models. Results: Almost all the non-memory cognitive functions showed progressive decline as memory function deteriorated. In addition, medial structures including the right hippocampus, right lingual and left fusiform gyrus, presented with greater gray matter (GM) atrophy during the later stages of aMCI (corrected p < 0.05). Correlations were found between GM volume of the lingual gyrus and processing speed (r = 0.419, p = 0.003) and between the fusiform gyrus and general cognitive function (r = 0.281, p = 0.046). Moreover, both cognitive function and GM volume presented non-linear trajectories over stages of aMCI. Conclusion: Our study characterized the cognitive profiles along with the degree of episodic memory impairment, and these three stages of aMCI showed non-linear progressive decline in cognitive functions and GM volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caishui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Wuhai Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jianjun Jia
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Kewei Chen
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
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Yoon B, Shim YS, Park HK, Park SA, Choi SH, Yang DW. Predictive factors for disease progression in patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 49:85-91. [PMID: 26444786 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only a few studies have investigated disease progression in patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate disease progression in patients with EOAD and the influence of various factors, such as gender, education, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on disease progression. METHODS A total of 288 EOAD patients were enrolled in the study. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the rate of cognitive and functional decline in terms of age at onset, gender, education, follow-up period, and APOE genotype. RESULTS EOAD patients showed an annual decline of -1.54 points/years in the Korean version mini-mental examination score, an annual increase of 3.46 points/year in the Seoul instrumental activities of daily living (SIADL) score, and an annual increase of 1.15 points/year in the clinical dementia rating scale-sum of boxes score. After stratification, higher educated patients showed faster disease progression in all three parameters, and female patients demonstrated faster disease progression as assessed by the SIADL score. Age at onset and APOE genotype had no influence on disease progression. CONCLUSION We confirmed the rate of disease progression in Korean patients with EOAD in real-life hospital-based clinical practice. The results of this study suggest that education and female gender, not APOE genotype, may be important as independent strong predictive factors for disease progression in patients with EOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong S Shim
- Department of Neurology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ah Park
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Yang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are prevalent incident findings on brain MRI scans among elderly people and have been consistently implicated in cognitive dysfunction. However, differential roles of WMH by region in cognitive function are still unclear. The aim of this study was to ascertain the differential role of regional WMH in predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to different subtypes of dementia. METHODS Participants were recruited from the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea (CREDOS) study. A total of 622 participants with MCI diagnoses at baseline and follow-up evaluations were included for the analysis. Initial MRI scans were rated for WMH on a visual rating scale developed for the CREDOS. Differential effects of regional WMH in predicting incident dementia were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Of the 622 participants with MCI at baseline, 139 patients (22.3%) converted to all-cause dementia over a median of 14.3 (range 6.0-36.5) months. Severe periventricular WMH (PWMH) predicted incident all-cause dementia (Hazard ratio (HR) 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-3.43) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.12-3.07). Subcortical vascular dementia (SVD) was predicted by both PWMH (HR 16.14; 95% CI 1.97-132.06) and DWMH (HR 8.77; 95% CI 1.77-43.49) in more severe form (≥ 10 mm). CONCLUSIONS WMH differentially predict dementia by region and severity. Our findings suggest that PWMH may play an independent role in the pathogenesis of dementia, especially in AD.
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Ye BS, Jang EY, Kim SY, Kim EJ, Park SA, Lee Y, Hong CH, Choi SH, Yoon B, Yoon SJ, Na HR, Lee JH, Jeong JH, Kim HJ, Na DL, Seo SW. Unstable Body Mass Index and Progression to Probable Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 49:483-91. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
| | - Sun Ah Park
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yunhwan Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hae Ri Na
- Department of Neurology, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee H. Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University
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Roberts RO, Cha RH, Mielke MM, Geda YE, Boeve BF, Machulda MM, Knopman DS, Petersen RC. Risk and protective factors for cognitive impairment in persons aged 85 years and older. Neurology 2015; 84:1854-61. [PMID: 25854867 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine risk and protective factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among persons 85 years and older. METHODS Participants in the population-based prospective Mayo Clinic Study of Aging were comprehensively evaluated at baseline and at 15 monthly intervals to determine incident MCI. At baseline, lifestyle factors in midlife and late life were assessed by self-reported questionnaire; vascular and comorbid conditions were abstracted from participants' medical records. RESULTS Of 256 participants who were cognitively normal at enrollment (median age 87.3 years, 62% women), 121 developed MCI at a median 4.1 years of follow-up. Predictors of MCI were APOE ε4 allele (hazard ratio [HR] 1.89; p = 0.008), current depressive symptoms (HR 1.78; p = 0.02), midlife onset of hypertension (HR 2.43; p = 0.005), increasing number of vascular diseases (HR 1.13; p = 0.02), and chronic conditions from the Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR 1.08; p = 0.006). Models were adjusted for sex and education, with age as the time variable. The risk of MCI was reduced for participants who reported engagement in artistic (HR 0.27; p = 0.03), craft (HR 0.55; p = 0.02), and social (HR 0.45; p = 0.005) activities in both midlife and late life, and in the use of a computer in late life (HR 0.47; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Chronic disease burden increases risk of MCI, whereas certain lifestyle factors reduce risk in persons 85 years and older. This implies that preventive strategies for MCI may need to begin in midlife and should persist throughout late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosebud O Roberts
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
| | - Ruth H Cha
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Yonas E Geda
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Mary M Machulda
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - David S Knopman
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (R.O.R., M.M. Mielke, Y.E.G., R.C.P.) and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (R.H.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, the Department of Neurology (R.O.R., B.F.B., D.S.K., R.C.P.), and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (M.M. Machulda), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
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Cohen ML, Kim C, Haldiman T, ElHag M, Mehndiratta P, Pichet T, Lissemore F, Shea M, Cohen Y, Chen W, Blevins J, Appleby BS, Surewicz K, Surewicz WK, Sajatovic M, Tatsuoka C, Zhang S, Mayo P, Butkiewicz M, Haines JL, Lerner AJ, Safar JG. Rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease features distinct structures of amyloid-β. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 138:1009-22. [PMID: 25688081 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors that increase the risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease are now well recognized but the cause of variable progression rates and phenotypes of sporadic Alzheimer's disease is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between diverse structural assemblies of amyloid-β and rates of clinical decline in Alzheimer's disease. Using novel biophysical methods, we analysed levels, particle size, and conformational characteristics of amyloid-β in the posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of 48 cases of Alzheimer's disease with distinctly different disease durations, and correlated the data with APOE gene polymorphism. In both hippocampus and posterior cingulate cortex we identified an extensive array of distinct amyloid-β42 particles that differ in size, display of N-terminal and C-terminal domains, and conformational stability. In contrast, amyloid-β40 present at low levels did not form a major particle with discernible size, and both N-terminal and C- terminal domains were largely exposed. Rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease that is associated with a low frequency of APOE e4 allele demonstrates considerably expanded conformational heterogeneity of amyloid-β42, with higher levels of distinctly structured amyloid-β42 particles composed of 30-100 monomers, and fewer particles composed of < 30 monomers. The link between rapid clinical decline and levels of amyloid-β42 with distinct structural characteristics suggests that different conformers may play an important role in the pathogenesis of distinct Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. These findings indicate that Alzheimer's disease exhibits a wide spectrum of amyloid-β42 structural states and imply the existence of prion-like conformational strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Cohen
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 2 National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Centre, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Chae Kim
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tracy Haldiman
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohamed ElHag
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Prachi Mehndiratta
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Termsarasab Pichet
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Frances Lissemore
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Michelle Shea
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yvonne Cohen
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 2 National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Centre, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 2 National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Centre, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Janis Blevins
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 2 National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Centre, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Brian S Appleby
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 4 Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Krystyna Surewicz
- 5 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Witold K Surewicz
- 5 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Martha Sajatovic
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 4 Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Curtis Tatsuoka
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Shulin Zhang
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ping Mayo
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mariusz Butkiewicz
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alan J Lerner
- 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jiri G Safar
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 2 National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Centre, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 3 Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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The Clinical Characteristics according to the Educational Level in the Elderly Patients with Mild Alzheimer's Disease Dementia. Dement Neurocogn Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2015.14.4.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Silva D, Guerreiro M, Faria C, Maroco J, Schmand BA, Mendonça AD. Significance of subjective memory complaints in the clinical setting. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2014; 27:259-65. [PMID: 24763068 DOI: 10.1177/0891988714532018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical significance of subjective memory complaints in the elderly participants, particularly regarding liability of subsequent progression to dementia, has been controversial. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that severity or type of subjective memory complaints reported by patients in a clinical setting may predict future conversion to dementia. METHODS A cohort of nondemented patients with cognitive complaints, followed up for at least 2 years or until conversion to dementia, underwent a neuropsychological evaluation and detailed assessment of memory difficulties with the Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) Scale. RESULTS At baseline, patients who converted to dementia (36.8%) had less years of formal education and generally a worse performance in the neuropsychological assessment. There were no differences in the total SMC score between nonconverters (9.5 ± 4.2) and converters (8.9 ± 4.0, a nonsignificant difference), but nonconverters scored higher in several items of the scale. CONCLUSION For patients with cognitive complaints observed in a memory clinic setting, the severity of subjective memory complaints is not useful to predict future conversion to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Silva
- Dementia Clinics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuela Guerreiro
- Dementia Clinics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Faria
- Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Maroco
- Health and Psychology Research Unit, ISPA-IU, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ben A Schmand
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre de Mendonça
- Dementia Clinics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal Laboratory of Neurosciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
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Cognitive Reserve and Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:187-208. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ye BS, Seo SW, Yang JJ, Kim HJ, Kim YJ, Yoon CW, Cho H, Noh Y, Kim GH, Chin J, Kim JH, Jeon S, Lee JM, Na DL. Comparison of cortical thickness in patients with early-stage versus late-stage amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Eur J Neurol 2013; 21:86-92. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. S. Ye
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - S. W. Seo
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - J.-J. Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Hanyang University; Seoul Korea
| | - H. J. Kim
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. J. Kim
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - C. W. Yoon
- Department of Neurology; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon Korea
| | - H. Cho
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. Noh
- Department of Neurology; Gachon University Gil Medical Center; Incheon Korea
| | - G. H. Kim
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - J. Chin
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - J.-H. Kim
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Hanyang University; Seoul Korea
| | - J. M. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Hanyang University; Seoul Korea
| | - D. L. Na
- Department of Neurology; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea
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