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Lee JS, Batchelder AW, Stanton AM, Westphal L, Klevens RM, Mayer KH, O'Cleirigh C. Structural vulnerabilities and PrEP awareness among Boston heterosexuals and people who inject drugs at risk for HIV: findings from 2018 to 2019 cycles from the Boston, MA site of the NHBS. AIDS Care 2024; 36:641-651. [PMID: 38091449 PMCID: PMC10994762 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2288646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about biopsychosocial factors relating to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness among people with either heterosexual or injection drug use HIV risk behaviors. Participants engaged in vaginal/anal sex with a person of the opposite sex (N = 515) or were people who injected drugs (PWID; N = 451) in the past 12 months from 2018-2019 in Boston, MA. We examined associations between PrEP awareness and: homelessness; perceived HIV-related stigma; country of birth; bacterial STDs, chlamydia, and/or gonorrhea in the past 12 months, lifetime hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, sexual orientation, and poverty. More PWID (36.8%) were aware of PrEP than people with heterosexual HIV risk (28%; p = .001). Among people with heterosexual risk, homelessness (aOR = 1.99, p = .003), and among PWID: homelessness (aOR = 2.11, p = .032); bacterial STD (aOR = 2.96, p = .012); chlamydia (aOR = 6.14, p = .008); and HCV (aOR = 2.40, p < .001) were associated with increased likelihood of PrEP awareness. In the combined sample: homelessness (aOR = 2.25, p < .001); HCV (aOR = 2.18, p < .001); identifying as homosexual (aOR = 3.71, p = .036); and bisexual (aOR = 1.55, p = .016) were each associated with PrEP awareness. Although having an STD, HCV, identifying as homosexual or bisexual, and experiencing homelessness were associated with increased PrEP awareness, most participants were unaware of PrEP. Efforts to increase PrEP awareness could engage PWID and heterosexual HIV risk behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A W Batchelder
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A M Stanton
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Westphal
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R M Klevens
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K H Mayer
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C O'Cleirigh
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Salari K, Lee JS, Ye H, Seymour ZA, Lee KC, Chinnaiyan P, Grills IS. Long-term survival in patients with brain-only metastatic non-small cell lung cancer undergoing upfront intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery and definitive treatment to the thoracic primary site. Radiother Oncol 2024; 196:110262. [PMID: 38556172 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To evaluate modern clinical outcomes for patients with brain-only metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with or without definitive treatment of the primary site. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with synchronously diagnosed NSCLC and brain-only metastatic disease treated with intracranial SRS at a single institution were retrospectively identified. Patients were stratified based on whether they did (A) or did not (B) receive definitive primary site treatment. Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared. RESULTS From 2008 to 2022, 103 patients were identified, 53 of whom received definitive primary site treatment. Median follow-up was 2.1 y (A) and 0.8 y (B) (p < 0.001). 28 (53 %) patients in Group A received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy versus 19 (38 %) in Group B (p = 0.13) and there were no other statistically significant baseline or treatment characteristic differences between the groups. 5-year local-PFS was 34.5 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p < 0.001). 5-year regional-PFS was 33.0 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p < 0.001). 5-year distant body-PFS was 34.0 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p < 0.001). 5-year CNS-PFS was 14.7 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p = 0.12). 5-year OS was 40.2 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p = 0.001). 5-year CSS was 67.6 % (A) versus 0 % (B) (p = 0.002). On multivariable analysis, lack of definitive treatment to the primary site (HR = 2.40), AJCC T3-4 disease (HR = 2.73), and lack of ICI therapy (HR = 2.86) were significant predictors of death. CONCLUSION Definitive treatment to the thoracic primary site in patients with brain-only metastatic NSCLC after intracranial radiosurgery was associated with slower progression of disease and improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Salari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States.
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - H Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Z A Seymour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health Dearborn Hospital, Dearborn, MI, United States
| | - K C Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health Troy Hospital, Troy, MI, United States
| | - P Chinnaiyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - I S Grills
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
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Lee JS, Mallitt K, Fischer G, Saunderson RB. An individual patient data meta-analysis of wound care in patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis. Australas J Dermatol 2024; 65:128-142. [PMID: 38063272 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) involves extensive mucocutaneous loss, and care is supportive. The approach to wound care includes surgical debridement or using dressings while leaving the epidermis intact. Robust evidence for either approach is lacking. We compared surgical debridement to the use of dressings while leaving the epidermis in situ (referred to hereon as dressings) in adult patients with TEN. The primary outcome assessed was mortality. The secondary outcome was time to re-epithelialisation. The impact of medications was evaluated. An individual patient data (IPD) systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken. A random effects meta-analysis and survival analysis for IPD data examined mortality, re-epithelisation time and the effect of systemic medications. The quality of evidence was rated per the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). PROSPERO: CRD42021266611 Fifty-four studies involving 227 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with a GRADE from very low to moderate. There was no difference in survival in patients who had surgical debridement or dressings (univariate: p = 0.91, multivariate: p = 0.31). Patients who received dressings re-epithelialised faster than patients who underwent debridement (multivariate HR: 1.96 [1.09-3.51], p = 0.023). Intravenous immunoglobulin (univariate HR: 0.21 [0.09-0.45], p < 0.001; multivariate HR: 0.22 [0.09-0.53], p < 0.001) and cyclosporin significantly reduced mortality (univariate HR: 0.09 [0.01-0.96], p = 0.046; multivariate HR: 0.06 [0.01-0.73], p = 0.028) irrespective of the wound care. This study supports the expert consensus of the dermatology hospitalists, that wound care in patients with TEN should be supportive with the epidermis left intact and supported with dressings, which leads to faster re-epithelialisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- The University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Mallitt
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Fischer
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R B Saunderson
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Na S, Kang DW, Kim GH, Kim KW, Kim Y, Kim HJ, Park KH, Park YH, Byeon G, Suh J, Shin JH, Shim Y, Yang Y, Um YH, Oh SI, Wang SM, Yoon B, Yoon HJ, Lee SM, Lee J, Lee JS, Rhee HY, Lim JS, Jung YH, Chin J, Hong YJ, Jang H, Choi H, Choi M, Jang JW. The Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET to Differentiate Subtypes of Dementia: The Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dement Neurocogn Disord 2024; 23:54-66. [PMID: 38362056 PMCID: PMC10864694 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2024.23.1.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), pose diagnostic challenges. This review examines the effectiveness of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG PET) in differentiating these subtypes for precise treatment and management. Methods A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted using databases like PubMed and Embase to identify studies on the diagnostic utility of 18F-FDG PET in dementia. The search included studies up to November 16, 2022, focusing on peer-reviewed journals and applying the gold-standard clinical diagnosis for dementia subtypes. Results From 12,815 articles, 14 were selected for final analysis. For AD versus FTD, the sensitivity was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.98) and specificity was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.70-0.92). In the case of AD versus DLB, 18F-FDG PET showed a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.88-0.98) and specificity of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.70-0.92). Lastly, when differentiating AD from non-AD dementias, the sensitivity was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.80-0.91) and the specificity was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80-0.91). The studies mostly used case-control designs with visual and quantitative assessments. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET exhibits high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating dementia subtypes, particularly AD, FTD, and DLB. This method, while not a standalone diagnostic tool, significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy in uncertain cases, complementing clinical assessments and structural imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Na
- Department of Neurology, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon Ha Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ko Woon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yeshin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Ho Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gihwan Byeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jeewon Suh
- Department of Neurology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - YongSoo Shim
- Department of Neurology, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - YoungSoon Yang
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seong-il Oh
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hai-Jeon Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Min Lee
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Juyoun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Lim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hee Jung
- Department of Neurology, Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Juhee Chin
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongyoon Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miyoung Choi
- Division of Healthcare Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Kim MS, Lee JS, Chung SJ, Soh Y. Association between Vitamin D and Short-Term Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Nutrients 2023; 15:4957. [PMID: 38068815 PMCID: PMC10708110 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (Vit D) affects musculoskeletal performance and central nervous system neuroprotection. We aimed to investigate the association between serum Vit D levels and short-term functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This study involved patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed on brain MRI. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess initial stroke severity upon admission. We evaluated the functional outcomes using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Manual Function Test (MFT), Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Korean version of the modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) within three weeks from the onset of stroke, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge. Overall, 192 patients were finally included and divided into three groups: Vit D sufficient (n = 28), insufficient (n = 49), and deficient (n = 115). Multivariate analysis showed that the Vit D deficient group presented with a higher risk of initially severe stroke (p = 0.025) and poor functional outcomes on the BBS (p = 0.048), MFT (p = 0.017), K-MMSE (p = 0.001), K-MBI (p = 0.003), and mRS (p = 0.032) compared to the Vit D sufficient group. Vit D deficiency may be associated with severe initial stroke and poor short-term post-stroke functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Su Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Joon Chung
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.K.); (S.J.C.)
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.K.); (S.J.C.)
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Lee JS, Dilworth JT. Proton Re-Irradiation with Concurrent Hyperthermia in Patients with Recurrent Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e190. [PMID: 37784824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of proton re-irradiation with concurrent hyperthermia in the treatment of recurrent breast cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS We retrospectively identified patients previously treated with photon whole breast or chest wall irradiation for a primary breast cancer at our institution, who subsequently developed a histologically-confirmed locoregional recurrence or new ipsilateral primary breast cancer and underwent proton chest wall re-irradiation with concurrent hyperthermia as part of definitive treatment. Acute toxicity was evaluated once weekly while on-treatment and at 2 weeks and 3 months post-treatment. Toxicities were graded according to CTCAE v4.0. RESULTS Fifteen patients received proton re-irradiation with concurrent superficial hyperthermia at our institution from August 2018 to December 2022. Median interval between radiation treatment courses was 7.7 years (range 1-30 years). Four patients (26%) had gross, unresected disease at the time of re-treatment. The median initial radiation dose, re-irradiation dose, and cumulative EQD2 was 60.4 Gy (50.6-61.2 Gy), 60 Gy (RBE) (45-66 Gy (RBE)), and 120 Gy (RBE) (103-126 Gy (RBE)), respectively. Patients received a median of 9 (3-14) concurrent hyperthermia treatments delivered twice weekly, and 13 patients (87%) received seven or more hyperthermia treatments. Median toxicity follow-up was 9 months (0-36 months). Acute grade 3 toxicities included two patients (13%) with grade 3 dermatitis, both of which resolved with conservative management within 3 months of treatment completion. Chronic grade 2 or higher toxicities included two grade 2 hyperpigmentation, one grade 3 induration, one grade 2 telangiectasia, and one grade 2 rib fracture. There were no grade 4-5 acute or late toxicities. There was one in-field local recurrence and one regional recurrence outside of the re-irradiation field. Both patients had gross, unresected disease at the time of re-irradiation. Two patients (13%) developed distant disease. CONCLUSION Proton re-irradiation with concurrent hyperthermia is feasible and well-tolerated in the re-treatment of breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine long-term toxicity and oncologic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - J T Dilworth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI
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Lee JS, Lowell JL, Whitewater K, Roane TM, Miller CS, Chan AP, Sylvester AW, Jackson D, Hunter LE. Monitoring environmental microbiomes: Alignment of microbiology and computational biology competencies within a culturally integrated curriculum and research framework. Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 37702134 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a flexible undergraduate curriculum that leverages the place-based research of environmental microbiomes to increase the number of Indigenous researchers in microbiology, data science and scientific computing. Monitoring Environmental Microbiomes (MEM) provides a curriculum and research framework designed to integrate an Indigenous approach when conducting authentic scientific research and to build interest and confidence at the undergraduate level. MEM has been successfully implemented as a short summer workshop to introduce computing practices in microbiome analysis. Based on self-assessed student knowledge of topics and skills, increased scientific confidence and interest in genomics careers were observed. We propose MEM be incorporated in a scalable course-based research experience for undergraduate institutions, including tribal colleges and universities, community colleges and other minority serving institutions. This coupled curricular and research framework explicitly considers cultural perspectives, access and equity to train a diverse future workforce that is more informed to engage in microbiome research and to translate microbiome science to benefit community and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - J L Lowell
- Department of Public Health, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - K Whitewater
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - T M Roane
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - C S Miller
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - A P Chan
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - A W Sylvester
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - D Jackson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - L E Hunter
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Yuk JS, Lee JS, Park JH. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of dementia: health insurance database in South Korea-based retrospective cohort study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1213481. [PMID: 37744387 PMCID: PMC10512830 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1213481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is used to alleviate the symptoms associated with menopause, despite the lack of recommendations for MHT in preventing dementia. Recent nationwide studies have explored the association between MHT and dementia risk, but the findings remain limited. This study aims to investigate the association between MHT and the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD dementia using national population data from Korea. Methods We conducted a retrospective study using data from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2019. Women over 40 years were eligible for this study and classified into the MHT or non-MHT groups. The MHT group consisted of women who used Tibolone (TIB), combined estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (CEPM), estrogen, combined estrogen plus progestin by a physician (CEPP), and transdermal estrogen during menopause. We compared the risk of dementia between the MHT and non-MHT groups. Results The study included 1,399,256 patients, of whom 387,477 were in the MHT group, and 1,011,779 were in the non-MHT group. The median duration of MHT was 23 months (range: 10-55 months). After adjusting for available confounders, we found that different types of MHT had varying effects on the occurrence of dementia. TIB (HR 1.041, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.072) and oral estrogen alone (HR 1.081, 95% CI 1.03-1.134) were associated with a higher risk of AD dementia. In contrast, there was no difference in the risk of AD dementia by CEPM (HR 0.975, 95% CI 0.93-1.019), CEPP (HR 1.131, 95% CI 0.997-1.283), and transdermal estrogen (HR 0.989, 95% CI 0.757-1.292) use. The use of TIB, CEPM, and oral estrogen alone increased the risk of non-AD dementia (HR 1.335, 95% CI 1.303-1.368; HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.21-1.292; and HR 1.128, 95% CI 1.079-1.179; respectively), but there was no risk of non-AD dementia in the other MHT groups (CEPP and topical estrogen). Conclusion Our findings indicate that MHT has varying effects on the incidence of AD and non-AD dementia. Specifically, TIB, CEPM, and oral estrogen alone increase the risk of non-AD dementia, while transdermal estrogen is not associated with dementia risk. It is essential to consider the type of MHT used when assessing the risk of dementia in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Yuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Knisz J, Eckert R, Gieg LM, Koerdt A, Lee JS, Silva ER, Skovhus TL, An Stepec BA, Wade SA. Microbiologically influenced corrosion-more than just microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad041. [PMID: 37437902 PMCID: PMC10479746 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a phenomenon of increasing concern that affects various materials and sectors of society. MIC describes the effects, often negative, that a material can experience due to the presence of microorganisms. Unfortunately, although several research groups and industrial actors worldwide have already addressed MIC, discussions are fragmented, while information sharing and willingness to reach out to other disciplines are limited. A truly interdisciplinary approach, which would be logical for this material/biology/chemistry-related challenge, is rarely taken. In this review, we highlight critical non-biological aspects of MIC that can sometimes be overlooked by microbiologists working on MIC but are highly relevant for an overall understanding of this phenomenon. Here, we identify gaps, methods, and approaches to help solve MIC-related challenges, with an emphasis on the MIC of metals. We also discuss the application of existing tools and approaches for managing MIC and propose ideas to promote an improved understanding of MIC. Furthermore, we highlight areas where the insights and expertise of microbiologists are needed to help progress this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Knisz
- Department of Water Supply and Sewerage, Faculty of Water Sciences, University of Public Service, 6500, Baja, Hungary
| | - R Eckert
- Microbial Corrosion Consulting, LLC, Commerce Township, 48382, MI, USA
| | - L M Gieg
- Petroleum Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - A Koerdt
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - J S Lee
- Naval Research Laboratory, Ocean Sciences Division, Stennis Space Center, 39529, MS, USA
| | - E R Silva
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, C8 bdg, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
- CERENA - Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T L Skovhus
- Research Center for Built Environment, Energy, Water and Climate, VIA, University College, 8700, Horsens, Denmark
| | - B A An Stepec
- Department of Energy and Technology, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - S A Wade
- Bioengineering Research Group, Swinburne University of Technology, 3122, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) have a high risk of active tuberculosis and need systematic LTBI screening and treatment. However, acceptance and adherence rates of LTBI treatment are low. AIMS To examine the specific reasons for the loss at each LTBI treatment-cascade stage: acceptance, continuation and completion of LTBI treatment in HCWs. METHODS This retrospective descriptive study was conducted among 61 HCWs with an interferon-gamma release assay-confirmed LTBI diagnosis who were prescribed LTBI treatment at a tertiary hospital in the Republic of Korea. Data were analysed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. A word cloud analysis was used to describe the perceived meaning of LTBI in HCWs. RESULTS HCWs who refused or discontinued LTBI treatment perceived LTBI as 'not a big deal', whereas HCWs who completed LTBI treatment had a high-risk perception of the LTBI prognosis, such as 'frightened about adverse prognosis'. Determinants of non-adherence to the recommended LTBI treatment included a busy work schedule, side effects of anti-tuberculosis agents and the inconvenience of regularly taking anti-tuberculosis agents. CONCLUSIONS To ensure LTBI treatment adherence in HCWs, effective interventions that are customized to each stage of the LTBI treatment should be developed, with due consideration of the stage-specific perceived facilitators and barriers in the LTBI treatment cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Chonnam National University, College of Nursing, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Chonnam National University, College of Nursing, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
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Kim HJ, Kim H, Park D, Yoon DS, San Lee J, Hwang KS. Plasma-based diagnostic and screening platform using a combination of biosensing signals in Alzheimer's disease. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 230:115246. [PMID: 37003061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Using biosensor to screen for Alzheimer's disease (AD) facilitates early detection of AD with high sensitivity and accuracy. This approach overcomes the limitations of conventional AD diagnostic methods, such as neuropsychological assessment and neuroimaging analysis. Here, we propose a simultaneous analysis of signal combinations generated by four crucial AD biomarkers (Amyloid beta 1-40 (Aβ40), Aβ42, total tau 441 (tTau441), and phosphorylated tau 181 (pTau181)) by inducing a dielectrophoretic (DEP) force on fabricated interdigitated microelectrode (IME) sensor. By applying an optimal DEP force, our biosensor selectively concentrates and filters the plasma-based AD biomarkers, exhibiting high sensitivity (limit of detection <100 fM) and selectivity in the plasma-based AD biomarkers detection (p < 0.0001). Consequently, it is demonstrated that a complex combined signal comprising four AD-specific biomarker signals (Aβ40- Aβ42+ tTau441- pTau181) can differentiate between patients with AD and healthy subjects with high accuracy (78.85%) and precision (80.95%) (p < 0.0001).
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12
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Oh CR, Kim JE, Lee JS, Kim SY, Kim TW, Choi J, Kim J, Park IJ, Lim SB, Park JH, Kim JH, Choi MK, Cha Y, Baek JY, Beom SH, Hong YS. Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy With Capecitabine With or Without Temozolomide in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Prospective, Randomised Phase II Study Stratified by O 6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase Status: KCSG-CO17-02. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e143-e152. [PMID: 36376167 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical efficacy of adding temozolomide (TMZ) to preoperative capecitabine (CAP)-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and validate O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status as a predictive marker for TMZ combined regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS LARC patients with clinical stage II (cT3-4N0) or III (cTanyN+) disease were enrolled. They were stratified into unmethylated MGMT (uMGMT) and methylated MGMT (mMGMT) groups by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction before randomisation and were then randomly assigned (1:1) to one of four treatment arms: uMGMT/CAP (arm A), uMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm B), mMGMT/CAP (arm C) and mMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm D). The primary end point was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. RESULTS Between November 2017 and July 2020, 64 patients were randomised. Slow accrual caused early study termination. After excluding four ineligible patients, 60 were included in the full analysis set. The pCR rate was 15.0% (9/60), 0%, 14.3%, 18.8% and 26.7% for the entire cohort, arms A, B, C and D, respectively (P = 0.0498 between arms A and D). The pCR rate was 9.7% in the CAP group (arms A + C), 20.7% in the TMZ + CAP group (arms B + D), 6.9% in the uMGMT group (arms A + B) and 22.6% in the mMGMT group (arms C + D). Grade 1-2 nausea or vomiting was significantly more frequent in the TMZ + CAP treatment groups (arms B + D) than in the CAP treatment groups (arms A + C, P < 0.001) with no difference in grade 3 adverse events. There were no grade 4 or 5 adverse events. CONCLUSION The addition of TMZ to CAP-based chemoradiotherapy tended to improve pCR rates, particularly in those with mMGMT LARC. MGMT status may warrant further investigation as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Oh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Choi
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M K Choi
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cha
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Baek
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Beom
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Lee JS, Park K, Rhee HY, Hwang KS. Plasma Amyloid‐β 40 as a Potential Biomarker in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin San Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital Seoul Korea Republic of (South)
| | - Key‐Chung Park
- Kyung Hee University Hospital Seoul Korea Republic of (South)
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul Korea Republic of (South)
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14
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Jung SH, Kim HR, Chun MY, Jang H, Cho M, Kim B, Kim S, Jeong JH, Yoon SJ, Park KW, Kim EJ, Yoon B, Jang JW, Kim Y, Hong JY, Choi SH, Noh Y, Kim KW, Kim SE, Lee JS, Jung NY, Lee J, Lee AY, Kim BC, Cho SH, Cho H, Kim JH, Jung YH, Lee DY, Lee JH, Lee ES, Kim SJ, Moon SY, Son SJ, Hong CH, Bae JS, Lee S, Na DL, Seo SW, Cruchaga C, Kim HJ, Won HH. Transferability of Alzheimer Disease Polygenic Risk Score Across Populations and Its Association With Alzheimer Disease-Related Phenotypes. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2247162. [PMID: 36520433 PMCID: PMC9856322 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), which aggregate the genetic effects of single-nucleotide variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWASs), can help distinguish individuals at a high genetic risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, genetic studies have predominantly focused on populations of European ancestry. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the transferability of a PRS for AD in the Korean population using summary statistics from a prior GWAS of European populations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study developed a PRS based on the summary statistics of a large-scale GWAS of a European population (the International Genomics of Alzheimer Project; 21 982 AD cases and 41 944 controls). This PRS was tested for an association with AD dementia and its related phenotypes in 1634 Korean individuals, who were recruited from 2013 to 2019. The association of a PRS based on a GWAS of a Japanese population (the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology; 3962 AD cases and 4074 controls) and a transancestry meta-analysis of European and Japanese GWASs was also evaluated. Data were analyzed from December 2020 to June 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Risk of AD dementia, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), earlier symptom onset, and amyloid β deposition (Aβ). RESULTS A total of 1634 Korean patients (969 women [59.3%]), including 716 individuals (43.6%) with AD dementia, 222 (13.6%) with aMCI, and 699 (42.8%) cognitively unimpaired controls, were analyzed in this study. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 71.6 (9.0) years. Higher PRS was associated with a higher risk of AD dementia independent of APOE ɛ4 status in the Korean population (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.40-2.72; P < .001). Furthermore, PRS was associated with aMCI, earlier symptom onset, and Aβ deposition independent of APOE ɛ4 status. The PRS based on a transancestry meta-analysis of data sets comprising 2 distinct ancestries showed a slightly improved accuracy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, a PRS derived from a European GWAS identified individuals at a high risk for AD dementia in the Korean population. These findings emphasize the transancestry transferability and clinical value of PRSs and suggest the importance of enriching diversity in genetic studies of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rai Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Chun
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Cho
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomsu Kim
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeshin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ko Woon Kim
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Yeon Jung
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Young Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C. Kim
- Departmet of Neurology, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Departmet of Neurology, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Jung
- Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eek-Sung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Moon
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Bae
- Eone-Diagnomics Genome Center (EDGC), Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Lee
- Eone-Diagnomics Genome Center (EDGC), Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Oh SJ, Kwon YN, Lee CK, Lee JS. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Crohn’s disease undergoing long-term infliximab treatment: A case report. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957575. [PMID: 36389693 PMCID: PMC9659735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody against anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), has revolutionized the management of inflammatory bowel disease. However, a recent nested case-control study showed that anti-TNF-α therapy exposure in patients with autoimmune diseases is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) events. A 27-year-old man diagnosed with Crohn’s disease at 17 years of age was referred to our clinic for suffering with Wernicke’s aphasia and the right-hand weakness over two weeks. Nine years of treatment for Crohn’s disease with infliximab anti-TNF-α therapy was well tolerated. An initial MRI revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement along the bilateral cerebral sulci without any parenchymal abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody testing yielded positive results. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with rituximab. A follow-up brain MRI showed new multiple cerebral lesions in the left insular cortex and subcortical white matter of the left frontal and temporal gyri. Approximately 8 months after symptom onset, the CSF and serum NMDAR antibody converted to negative. Twelve months later, the patient fully recovered from anti-NMDAR encephalitis without any neurological deficits and is currently being treated with the anti-interleukin 12/23 agent ustekinumab for Crohn’s disease. This is the first report of not only a patient with infliximab-associated anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Crohn’s disease but also of an inflammatory non-demyelinating CNS event during long-term suppression of TNF-α. Our case highlights the need for clinicians to recognize the possibility of a paradoxical autoimmune response occurring with novel biological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ju Oh
- Center for Crohn’s and Colitis, Department of Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Nam Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Kyun Lee
- Center for Crohn’s and Colitis, Department of Gastroenterology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jin San Lee,
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Pitt B, Bhatt DL, Schotzinger RJ, Pacyniak E, Jowett J, Lee JS. A safety and pharmacodynamic study of the highly selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor PB6440 in the cynomolgus monkey. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.3061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Aldosterone is an important mediator of hypertension, particularly resistant hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. PB6440 is a potent inhibitor of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) with high selectivity over the closely related enzyme CYP11B1. In previous studies in cynomolgus monkeys, PB6440 exhibited excellent oral bioavailability and a marked suppression of aldosterone synthesis at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/day. Importantly, no effect was observed on cortisol production nor significant changes noted in plasma concentrations of the steroid precursors 11-deoxycortisol or deoxycorticosterone (DOC), which are dependent on CYP11B1 activity. The purpose of the current study was to assess the safety and pharmacodynamics of higher doses of PB6440 in the cynomolgus monkey in order to determine a therapeutic index prior to initiation of studies in humans.
Methods
Male and female cynomolgus monkeys (2/sex/dose group) were administered 0, 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg PB6440 once-daily for 14 days by oral gavage. Assessment of safety was based on mortality, clinical observations, body weights, and clinical and anatomic pathology. Blood samples were also collected for pharmacodynamic analysis, including aldosterone, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, DOC, and ACTH.
Results
PB6440 was well tolerated at all doses. There were no deaths and no reports of clinical observations at any dose level. Mild decreases in body weight were observed in PB6440-treated animals, which were likely due to the diuretic effects of the compound. PB6440 caused an increase in adrenal weights which was associated with hypertrophy of the adrenal zona fasciculata, a finding which has previously been observed with other aldosterone synthase inhibitors. PB6440 led to marked declines in basal aldosterone levels of −97%, −97% and −98% from baseline at 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively, at 24-hours following the final dose. Despite these clear declines in circulating aldosterone levels, no meaningful changes in cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, DOC, or ACTH levels were observed, supporting lack of CYP11B1 inhibition. PB6440 led to expected decreases in plasma sodium (up to 7 nmol/L at the high dose). No effect on plasma potassium levels were observed at any dose level.
Conclusions
PB6440 was well tolerated in the cynomolgus monkey at doses that are much higher than needed for potent aldosterone suppression based on previous studies. At the highest dose level tested (100 mg/kg), which led to a 98% reduction in basal aldosterone levels, no evidence of significant CYP11B1 inhibition was observed. The absence of an increase in plasma potassium in the presence of a plasma sodium decline merits further study. Thus, PB6440 is a highly selective novel aldosterone synthase inhibitor for the potential treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease in humans.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pitt
- University of Michigan School of Medicine , Ann Arbor , United States of America
| | - D L Bhatt
- Brigham and Women'S Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , United States of America
| | | | - E Pacyniak
- Selenity Therapeutics , Durham , United States of America
| | - J Jowett
- PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Malvern , United States of America
| | - J S Lee
- PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc. , Malvern , United States of America
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Cho EJ, Kang MR, Kim JH, Lee JI, Son ES, Park CH, Aung WW, Lee JS. Evaluation of the MolecuTech ® REBA MTB-XMDR kit for detection of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:869-874. [PMID: 35996285 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant TB is critical for early initiation of effective therapy. YD Diagnostics in South Korea recently developed the MolecuTech® REBA MTB-XMDR test to rapidly detect multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and resistance to second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs) simultaneously using a fully automated test platform. This study aimed to evaluate the MolecuTech® test for the detection of MDR- and pre-XDR-TB, as well as SLID resistance.METHODS: A total of 151 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from South Korea were tested using the MolecuTech test, and the results were analysed by comparing these with phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) and sequencing.RESULTS: Compared to pDST, the MolecuTech test showed a sensitivity and specificity of respectively 97.7% and 100.0% for rifampicin (RIF), 82.4% and 100.0% for isoniazid (INH), 97.5% and 97.2% for fluoroquinolones (FQs), and 94.0% and 98.8% for SLIDs. Concordances with the sequencing results of each resistance determinant were 99.3% for RIF, 96.7% for INH, 98.7% for FQs and 99.3% for SLIDs.CONCLUSION: The MolecuTech test is an efficient and reliable rapid molecular diagnostic tool for the simultaneous screening of MDR- and pre-XDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Cho
- International Tuberculosis Research Center, Gyeongsangnam-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - M R Kang
- YD Diagnostics, Gyeonggi-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- YD Diagnostics, Gyeonggi-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Lee
- International Tuberculosis Research Center, Gyeongsangnam-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - E S Son
- International Tuberculosis Research Center, Gyeongsangnam-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Park
- YD Diagnostics, Gyeonggi-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W W Aung
- Advanced Molecular Research Centre, Department of Medical Research, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - J S Lee
- International Tuberculosis Research Center, Gyeongsangnam-do, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
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18
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Han M, Choi JW, Jung WS, Lee JS. Isolated posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection with ischaemic stroke: evaluating the radiological features and diagnostic feasibility of high-resolution vessel wall imaging. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:584-591. [PMID: 35676104 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the radiological features of isolated posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection (PICAD) and the feasibility of using high-resolution vessel-wall imaging (HR-VWI) for diagnosing PICAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three hundred and nine patients with arterial dissection involving the posterior cerebral circulation, who underwent HR-VWI between March 2012 and July 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Among them, 44 patients (14.2%) were diagnosed with isolated PICAD in consensus among a neuroradiologist, a neurointerventionist, and a neurologist. Two neuroradiologists reviewed the vessel wall images independently for evidence of dissection (dissection flap, outer diameter enlargement on T2-weighted imaging [WI], mural haematoma). Diagnostic confidence was also scored on a five-point scale. Intra- and interobserver agreement for diagnosing PICAD and detecting evidence of dissection were evaluated. RESULTS Dissection flaps were seen on T2WI in all cases (100%) and on contrast-enhanced T1WI in 34 patients (79.1%). Outer diameter enlargement of the steno-occlusive lesions on angiography was detected in most cases (97.7%). A mural haematoma was detected on three-dimensional (3D) contrast-enhanced motion-sensitised driven-equilibrium T1WI in 97.1% of the cases. The mean diagnostic confidence score derived by two neuroradiologists was 4.72. The two reviewers showed substantial to almost perfect agreement (weighted kappa coefficient: 0.62-0.97). CONCLUSION Use of HR-VWI as a diagnostic tool for PICAD is feasible, and a dissection flap with outer wall enlargement on HR-T2WI allows confident dissection diagnosis. The present data suggest that PICAD might be considered as a stroke aetiology in patients with unexplained ischaemic stroke in the PICA territory, and that PICA evaluation with HR-VWI is both necessary and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Han
- Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Choi
- Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - W S Jung
- Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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19
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Kim MJ, Lee KH, Lee JS, Kim N, Song JY, Shin YH, Yang JM, Lee SW, Hwang J, Rhee SY, Yon DK, Shin JI, Choi YJ. Trends in body mass index changes among Korean adolescents between 2005-2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic period: a national representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4082-4091. [PMID: 35731079 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_28978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on weight gain in children and adolescents remains unknown. We aimed to identify an estimated 15-year trend in mean body mass index (BMI) changes and prevalence of obesity and overweight among Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2020, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data taken from a nationwide survey (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey), between 2005 and 2020. Representative samples of one million Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years (n=1,057,885) were examined. The 15-year trends in mean BMI and proportion of obesity or overweight, and the changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. RESULTS The data of 1,057,885 Korean adolescents were analyzed (mean age: 14.98 years; females, 48.4%). The estimated weighted mean BMI was 20.5 kg/m2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 20.4-20.5] from 2005 to 2008 and 21.5 kg/m2 (95% CI, 21.4-21.6) in 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Although the 15-year trend of mean BMI gradually increased, the change in mean BMI before and during the pandemic significantly lessened (βdiff, -0.027; 95% CI, -0.028 to -0.026). The 15-year (2005-2020) trend changes in the prevalence of obesity and overweight were similar (obesity prevalence from 2005-2008, 3.2%; 95% CI, 3.1-3.3 vs. obesity prevalence in 2020, 8.6%; 95% CI, 8.2-9.0; βdiff, -0.309; 95% CI, -0.330 to -0.288). CONCLUSIONS The 15-year trend of overall mean BMI and obesity and overweight prevalence demonstrated a significant increase; however, its slope decreased during the pandemic. These landmark results suggest the need for the development of precise strategies to prevent pediatric obesity and overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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20
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Kim GA, Oh CH, Kim JW, Jeong SJ, Oh IH, Lee JS, Park KC, Shim JJ. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of dementia: A nationwide cohort study. Liver Int 2022; 42:1027-1036. [PMID: 35289469 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Little is known about the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dementia. Given that hepatic steatosis is linked to abnormal fat metabolism, and fat dysregulation in the brain is related to dementia, we aimed to investigate whether NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of dementia. METHODS We conducted a nationwide cohort study involving 4 031 948 subjects aged 40-69 years who underwent ≥2 health check-ups provided by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea between January 2004 and December 2007. Based on the hepatic steatosis index (HSI), subjects were categorized into non-NAFLD (HSI <30 at all check-ups) and NAFLD (HSI >36 at one or more check-ups). Dementia defined by ICD-10 codes with prescription data was followed up until December 2017. Cox proportional hazards regression models analysed the dementia risk. RESULTS At baseline, 31.3% had NAFLD. During the median follow-up of 9.5 years, 138 424 in NAFLD group and 69 982 in non-NAFLD group developed dementia. NAFLD group was associated with a higher risk of dementia than non-NAFLD group on multivariable-adjusted analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; p < .001), competing risk analysis (HR, 1.08; p < .001) and propensity-score matched analysis (HR, 1.09; p < .001). The association between NAFLD and dementia risk was more prominent among females (HR, 1.16; p < .001). The association was stronger among non-obese NAFLD subjects (BMI <25 kg/m2 , HR, 1.09; p < .001) than obese NAFLD subjects. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide study found that NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of dementia. The association was prominent among females and non-obese NAFLD subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Ae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chi Hyuk Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Aaltonen T, Amerio S, Amidei D, Anastassov A, Annovi A, Antos J, Apollinari G, Appel JA, Arisawa T, Artikov A, Asaadi J, Ashmanskas W, Auerbach B, Aurisano A, Azfar F, Badgett W, Bae T, Barbaro-Galtieri A, Barnes VE, Barnett BA, Barria P, Bartos P, Bauce M, Bedeschi F, Behari S, Bellettini G, Bellinger J, Benjamin D, Beretvas A, Bhatti A, Bland KR, Blumenfeld B, Bocci A, Bodek A, Bortoletto D, Boudreau J, Boveia A, Brigliadori L, Bromberg C, Brucken E, Budagov J, Budd HS, Burkett K, Busetto G, Bussey P, Butti P, Buzatu A, Calamba A, Camarda S, Campanelli M, Carls B, Carlsmith D, Carosi R, Carrillo S, Casal B, Casarsa M, Castro A, Catastini P, Cauz D, Cavaliere V, Cerri A, Cerrito L, Chen YC, Chertok M, Chiarelli G, Chlachidze G, Cho K, Chokheli D, Clark A, Clarke C, Convery ME, Conway J, Corbo M, Cordelli M, Cox CA, Cox DJ, Cremonesi M, Cruz D, Cuevas J, Culbertson R, d'Ascenzo N, Datta M, de Barbaro P, Demortier L, Deninno M, D'Errico M, Devoto F, Di Canto A, Di Ruzza B, Dittmann JR, Donati S, D'Onofrio M, Dorigo M, Driutti A, Ebina K, Edgar R, Elagin A, Erbacher R, Errede S, Esham B, Farrington S, Fernández Ramos JP, Field R, Flanagan G, Forrest R, Franklin M, Freeman JC, Frisch H, Funakoshi Y, Galloni C, Garfinkel AF, Garosi P, Gerberich H, Gerchtein E, Giagu S, Giakoumopoulou V, Gibson K, Ginsburg CM, Giokaris N, Giromini P, Glagolev V, Glenzinski D, Gold M, Goldin D, Golossanov A, Gomez G, Gomez-Ceballos G, Goncharov M, González López O, Gorelov I, Goshaw AT, Goulianos K, Gramellini E, Grosso-Pilcher C, Guimaraes da Costa J, Hahn SR, Han JY, Happacher F, Hara K, Hare M, Harr RF, Harrington-Taber T, Hatakeyama K, Hays C, Heinrich J, Herndon M, Hocker A, Hong Z, Hopkins W, Hou S, Hughes RE, Husemann U, Hussein M, Huston J, Introzzi G, Iori M, Ivanov A, James E, Jang D, Jayatilaka B, Jeon EJ, Jindariani S, Jones M, Joo KK, Jun SY, Junk TR, Kambeitz M, Kamon T, Karchin PE, Kasmi A, Kato Y, Ketchum W, Keung J, Kilminster B, Kim DH, Kim HS, Kim JE, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Kim SB, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kimura N, Kirby M, Kondo K, Kong DJ, Konigsberg J, Kotwal AV, Kreps M, Kroll J, Kruse M, Kuhr T, Kurata M, Laasanen AT, Lammel S, Lancaster M, Lannon K, Latino G, Lee HS, Lee JS, Leo S, Leone S, Lewis JD, Limosani A, Lipeles E, Lister A, Liu Q, Liu T, Lockwitz S, Loginov A, Lucchesi D, Lucà A, Lueck J, Lujan P, Lukens P, Lungu G, Lys J, Lysak R, Madrak R, Maestro P, Malik S, Manca G, Manousakis-Katsikakis A, Marchese L, Margaroli F, Marino P, Matera K, Mattson ME, Mazzacane A, Mazzanti P, McNulty R, Mehta A, Mehtala P, Menzione A, Mesropian C, Miao T, Michielin E, Mietlicki D, Mitra A, Miyake H, Moed S, Moggi N, Moon CS, Moore R, Morello MJ, Mukherjee A, Muller T, Murat P, Mussini M, Nachtman J, Nagai Y, Naganoma J, Nakano I, Napier A, Nett J, Nigmanov T, Nodulman L, Noh SY, Norniella O, Oakes L, Oh SH, Oh YD, Okusawa T, Orava R, Ortolan L, Pagliarone C, Palencia E, Palni P, Papadimitriou V, Parker W, Pauletta G, Paulini M, Paus C, Phillips TJ, Piacentino G, Pianori E, Pilot J, Pitts K, Plager C, Pondrom L, Poprocki S, Potamianos K, Pranko A, Prokoshin F, Ptohos F, Punzi G, Redondo Fernández I, Renton P, Rescigno M, Rimondi F, Ristori L, Robson A, Rodriguez T, Rolli S, Ronzani M, Roser R, Rosner JL, Ruffini F, Ruiz A, Russ J, Rusu V, Sakumoto WK, Sakurai Y, Santi L, Sato K, Saveliev V, Savoy-Navarro A, Schlabach P, Schmidt EE, Schwarz T, Scodellaro L, Scuri F, Seidel S, Seiya Y, Semenov A, Sforza F, Shalhout SZ, Shears T, Shepard PF, Shimojima M, Shochet M, Shreyber-Tecker I, Simonenko A, Sliwa K, Smith JR, Snider FD, Song H, Sorin V, St Denis R, Stancari M, Stentz D, Strologas J, Sudo Y, Sukhanov A, Suslov I, Takemasa K, Takeuchi Y, Tang J, Tecchio M, Teng PK, Thom J, Thomson E, Thukral V, Toback D, Tokar S, Tollefson K, Tomura T, Torre S, Torretta D, Totaro P, Trovato M, Ukegawa F, Uozumi S, Vázquez F, Velev G, Vellidis K, Vernieri C, Vidal M, Vilar R, Vizán J, Vogel M, Volpi G, Wagner P, Wallny R, Wang SM, Waters D, Wester WC, Whiteson D, Wicklund AB, Wilbur S, Williams HH, Wilson JS, Wilson P, Winer BL, Wittich P, Wolbers S, Wolfmeister H, Wright T, Wu X, Wu Z, Yamamoto K, Yamato D, Yang T, Yang UK, Yang YC, Yao WM, Yeh GP, Yi K, Yoh J, Yorita K, Yoshida T, Yu GB, Yu I, Zanetti AM, Zeng Y, Zhou C, Zucchelli S. High-precision measurement of the W boson mass with the CDF II detector. Science 2022; 376:170-176. [PMID: 35389814 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The mass of the W boson, a mediator of the weak force between elementary particles, is tightly constrained by the symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. The Higgs boson was the last missing component of the model. After observation of the Higgs boson, a measurement of the W boson mass provides a stringent test of the model. We measure the W boson mass, MW, using data corresponding to 8.8 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected in proton-antiproton collisions at a 1.96 tera-electron volt center-of-mass energy with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. A sample of approximately 4 million W boson candidates is used to obtain [Formula: see text], the precision of which exceeds that of all previous measurements combined (stat, statistical uncertainty; syst, systematic uncertainty; MeV, mega-electron volts; c, speed of light in a vacuum). This measurement is in significant tension with the standard model expectation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Aaltonen
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Amerio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Amidei
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Anastassov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Annovi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Antos
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - G Apollinari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J A Appel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - A Artikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - J Asaadi
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - W Ashmanskas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - B Auerbach
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - A Aurisano
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - F Azfar
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - W Badgett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - T Bae
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A Barbaro-Galtieri
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - V E Barnes
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - B A Barnett
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - P Barria
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - P Bartos
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - M Bauce
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Bedeschi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Behari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Bellettini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - J Bellinger
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - A Beretvas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Bhatti
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - K R Bland
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - B Blumenfeld
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - A Bocci
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - A Bodek
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - D Bortoletto
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J Boudreau
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - A Boveia
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - L Brigliadori
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Bromberg
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - E Brucken
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Budagov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - H S Budd
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - K Burkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Busetto
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P Bussey
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - P Butti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Buzatu
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - A Calamba
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - S Camarda
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - B Carls
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - D Carlsmith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - R Carosi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Carrillo
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - B Casal
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - M Casarsa
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Castro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Catastini
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - D Cauz
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - V Cavaliere
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A Cerri
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - L Cerrito
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Y C Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - M Chertok
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - G Chiarelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Chlachidze
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Cho
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - D Chokheli
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - A Clark
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - C Clarke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - M E Convery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Conway
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Corbo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Cordelli
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C A Cox
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - D J Cox
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Cremonesi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - D Cruz
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - J Cuevas
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - R Culbertson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N d'Ascenzo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Datta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P de Barbaro
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - L Demortier
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Deninno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - M D'Errico
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Devoto
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Di Canto
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Di Ruzza
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - S Donati
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - M D'Onofrio
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - M Dorigo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Driutti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - K Ebina
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - R Edgar
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Elagin
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - R Erbacher
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S Errede
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - B Esham
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - J P Fernández Ramos
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Field
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G Flanagan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - R Forrest
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Franklin
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - J C Freeman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - H Frisch
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - C Galloni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - P Garosi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H Gerberich
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - E Gerchtein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Giagu
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - V Giakoumopoulou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - K Gibson
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - C M Ginsburg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N Giokaris
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - P Giromini
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Glagolev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - D Glenzinski
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Gold
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - D Goldin
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - A Golossanov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Gomez
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | | | - M Goncharov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - O González López
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Gorelov
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | | | - K Goulianos
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - E Gramellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Grosso-Pilcher
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - S R Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Y Han
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - F Happacher
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - K Hara
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Hare
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - R F Harr
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | | | | - C Hays
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - J Heinrich
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Herndon
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - A Hocker
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Z Hong
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - W Hopkins
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Hou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - R E Hughes
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - U Husemann
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M Hussein
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - J Huston
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - G Introzzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.,University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M Iori
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.,Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Ivanov
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - E James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Jang
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B Jayatilaka
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Jindariani
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Jones
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - K K Joo
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Y Jun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - T R Junk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Kambeitz
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - T Kamon
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.,Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - P E Karchin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - A Kasmi
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Y Kato
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - W Ketchum
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - J Keung
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - B Kilminster
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D H Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J E Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S H Kim
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S B Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - N Kimura
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - M Kirby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Kondo
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - D J Kong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Konigsberg
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - M Kreps
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Kroll
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Kruse
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - T Kuhr
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Kurata
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A T Laasanen
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - S Lammel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Lancaster
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K Lannon
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G Latino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H S Lee
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Leo
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - S Leone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J D Lewis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - E Lipeles
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - A Lister
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Q Liu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - T Liu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Lockwitz
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - A Loginov
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - D Lucchesi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Lucà
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.,Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Lueck
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Lujan
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - P Lukens
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Lungu
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Lys
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - R Lysak
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - R Madrak
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Malik
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - G Manca
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | | | - L Marchese
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Margaroli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - P Marino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - K Matera
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - M E Mattson
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - A Mazzacane
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Mazzanti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - R McNulty
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - A Mehta
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - P Mehtala
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Menzione
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - C Mesropian
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - T Miao
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Michielin
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Mietlicki
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Mitra
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - H Miyake
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Moed
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N Moggi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C S Moon
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - R Moore
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M J Morello
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Mukherjee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Th Muller
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Murat
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Mussini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - J Nachtman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | | | - I Nakano
- Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - A Napier
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - J Nett
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - T Nigmanov
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - L Nodulman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - S Y Noh
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - O Norniella
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - L Oakes
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - S H Oh
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Y D Oh
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - R Orava
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Ortolan
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Pagliarone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - E Palencia
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - P Palni
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - V Papadimitriou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - W Parker
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - G Pauletta
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Paulini
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C Paus
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - G Piacentino
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Pianori
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J Pilot
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - K Pitts
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C Plager
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - L Pondrom
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - S Poprocki
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Potamianos
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - A Pranko
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - F Prokoshin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - F Ptohos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Punzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - I Redondo Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Renton
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - M Rescigno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - F Rimondi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Ristori
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Robson
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - T Rodriguez
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S Rolli
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - M Ronzani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R Roser
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J L Rosner
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - F Ruffini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - J Russ
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V Rusu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - W K Sakumoto
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - L Santi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - K Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - V Saveliev
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Savoy-Navarro
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Schlabach
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E E Schmidt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - T Schwarz
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - L Scodellaro
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - F Scuri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Seidel
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - A Semenov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - F Sforza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Z Shalhout
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - T Shears
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - P F Shepard
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - M Shimojima
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Shochet
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - I Shreyber-Tecker
- Institution for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A Simonenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - K Sliwa
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - J R Smith
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - F D Snider
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - H Song
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - V Sorin
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - M Stancari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Stentz
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Strologas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Y Sudo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A Sukhanov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - I Suslov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - K Takemasa
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Tang
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - M Tecchio
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - P K Teng
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - J Thom
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Thomson
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - V Thukral
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - D Toback
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - S Tokar
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - K Tollefson
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - T Tomura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Torre
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - D Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Totaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Trovato
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Ukegawa
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Uozumi
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - F Vázquez
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G Velev
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Vellidis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - C Vernieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Vidal
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - J Vizán
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - M Vogel
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - G Volpi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Wagner
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - R Wallny
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S M Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - D Waters
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - W C Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Whiteson
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - A B Wicklund
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - S Wilbur
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - H H Williams
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J S Wilson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - P Wilson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - B L Winer
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - P Wittich
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Wolbers
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - T Wright
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - X Wu
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Z Wu
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - D Yamato
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - T Yang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - U K Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y C Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - W-M Yao
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - G P Yeh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Yi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Yoh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Yorita
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - G B Yu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A M Zanetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Y Zeng
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - C Zhou
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - S Zucchelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
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22
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Jo S, Lee JS, Nam B, Lee YL, Kim H, Lee EY, Park YS, Kim TH. SOX9 + enthesis cells are associated with spinal ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:280-290. [PMID: 34826571 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although cartilage degeneration and invasion of the subchondral bone plate in entheseal lesion has been considered to consequently lead bony ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), no evident mechanisms are known. DESIGN To identify histopathological and physiological changes in enthesitis-related ankylosis in AS, we performed molecular characterization of transcription factors and surface markers, and transcriptome analysis with human tissues. Entheseal tissue containing subchondral bone was obtained from the facet joints of 9 patients with AS and 10 disease controls, and assessed by using differential staining techniques. Enthesis cells were isolated, characterized, stimulated with TNF and/or IL-17A, and analysed by cell-based experimental tools. RESULTS We found diffusely distributed granular tissue and cartilage in the subchondral bone in AS. Co-expression of SOX9, a specific transcription factor in cartilage, and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) was found in the granular tissues within the subchondral bone from AS patients. Intriguingly, SOX9 expression was significantly higher in AS enthesis cells than controls and correlated with TNFR1 and IL-17RA expressions, which is important for high reactivity to TNF and IL-17A cytokines. Co-stimulation by TNF and IL-17A resulted in accelerated mineralization/calcification features, and increased OCN expression in AS enthesis cells. Furthermore, SOX9 overexpression in enthesis leads to promoting mineralization feature by TNF and IL-17A stimuli. Finally, OCN expression is elevated in the destructive enthesis of advanced AS. CONCLUSION These findings provide insight into the links between inflammation and the mineralization of entheseal tissue as the initiation of spinal ankylosis, emphasizing the importance of SOX9+ enthesis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - B Nam
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Y L Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - E Y Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-S Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Republic of Korea
| | - T-H Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Orth M, Fritz T, Stutz J, Scheuer C, Ganse B, Bullinger Y, Lee JS, Murphy WL, Laschke MW, Menger MD, Pohlemann T. Local Application of Mineral-Coated Microparticles Loaded With VEGF and BMP-2 Induces the Healing of Murine Atrophic Non-Unions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:809397. [PMID: 35087807 PMCID: PMC8787303 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.809397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficient angiogenesis and disturbed osteogenesis are key factors for the development of nonunions. Mineral-coated microparticles (MCM) represent a sophisticated carrier system for the delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. In this study, we investigated whether a combination of VEGF- and BMP-2-loaded MCM (MCM + VB) with a ratio of 1:2 improves bone repair in non-unions. For this purpose, we applied MCM + VB or unloaded MCM in a murine non-union model and studied the process of bone healing by means of radiological, biomechanical, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical and Western blot techniques after 14 and 70 days. MCM-free non-unions served as controls. Bone defects treated with MCM + VB exhibited osseous bridging, an improved biomechanical stiffness, an increased bone volume within the callus including ongoing mineralization, increased vascularization, and a histologically larger total periosteal callus area consisting predominantly of osseous tissue when compared to defects of the other groups. Western blot analyses on day 14 revealed a higher expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and vice versa reduced expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in bone defects treated with MCM + VB. On day 70, these defects exhibited an increased expression of erythropoietin (EPO), EPO-receptor and BMP-4. These findings indicate that the use of MCM for spatiotemporal controlled delivery of VEGF and BMP-2 shows great potential to improve bone healing in atrophic non-unions by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis as well as reducing early osteoclast activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Orth
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - T Fritz
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - J Stutz
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - C Scheuer
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - B Ganse
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Werner Siemens Endowed Chair of Innovative Implant Development (Fracture Healing), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Y Bullinger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - W L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - M W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - M D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - T Pohlemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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24
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Park SH, Goh TS, Park YG, Kim DS, Lee JS. Validation of a Korean version of the quality-of-life profile for spine deformities (QLPSD) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:84-89. [PMID: 35049023 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the adapted Korean version of the Quality-of-Life Profile for Spine Deformities (QLPSD) questionnaire. PATIENTS AND METHODS English version of QLPSD was translated into Korean according to previously published guidelines. The Korean version of the QLPSD questionnaire and the Korean version of the SRS-22 was sent to 120 consecutive idiopathic scoliosis patients wearing braces recruited from the outpatient clinic. Reliability assessment and construct validity were evaluated. RESULTS The intraobserver reliability of all items in the questionnaire had a kappa statistic of agreement greater than 0.6. The QLPSD showed good test/re-test reliability (ICC = 0.815). The internal consistency of Cronbach's α was found to be very good (α = 0.918). The Korean version of QLPSD showed a significant correlation with the SRS-22 total score (p<0.001, r=-0.811) and single SRS-22 domains scores. CONCLUSIONS The adapted Korean version of the QLPSD was successfully translated and showed good measurement properties. As such, it is considered suitable for outcome assessments in Korean-speaking patients with idiopathic scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gupo Sungshim Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Kim HJ, Choi W, San Lee J, Choi J, Choi N, Hwang KS. Clinical application of serological Alzheimer's disease diagnosis using a highly sensitive biosensor with hydrogel-enhanced dielectrophoretic force. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 195:113668. [PMID: 34583104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of a ratio between amyloid beta 1-40 and 1-42 (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42) presented in plasm enables a highly accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the analysis of plasma Aβs is not routinely conducted because of the lack of Aβ detection techniques sensitive enough to specifically detect Aβ from thousands of biomaterials present in the plasma. We developed a hydrogel-patterned spiral microelectrode sensor combined with a hopping dielectrophoretic (DEP) force, combining the negative DEP and positive DEP forces, for Aβ detection. The hydrogel effectively increased the number of immobilized fragmented antibodies in the reaction region of the sensor and enabled size-exclusive passive filtration of non-specific plasma proteins from that region. The hopping DEP force further concentrated the Aβs and removed the non-specific plasma proteins. Consequently, our sensor achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of approximately ∼ 0.15 pg/mL for both Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 in the standard plasma. Finally, comparing the ratio between Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 signals, we distinguished AD patients from cognitively normal subjects with 95.83% accuracy and 92.31% precision (n = 24, p < 0.0001, One-way ANOVA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongsun Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkyu Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyo Seon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Kang SH, Jang H, Kim HJ, Park KW, Noh Y, Lee JS, Ye BS, Na DL, Lee H, Seo SW. Machine learning for the prediction of amyloid positivity in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.057513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kang
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
- Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine Korea University Seoul Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | | | - Young Noh
- Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine Incheon Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Kyung Hee University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | | | - Duk L. Na
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hyejoo Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
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27
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Kim CH, Jo M, Lee JS, Bianconi G, Kahng B. Link overlap influences opinion dynamics on multiplex networks of Ashkin-Teller spins. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:064304. [PMID: 35030955 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.064304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Consider a multiplex network formed by two layers indicating social interactions: the first layer is a friendship network and the second layer is a network of business relations. In this duplex network each pair of individuals can be connected in different ways: they can be connected by a friendship but not connected by a business relation, they can be connected by a business relation without being friends, or they can be simultaneously friends and in a business relation. In the latter case we say that the links in different layers overlap. These three types of connections are called multilinks and the multidegree indicates the sum of multilinks of a given type that are incident to a given node. Previous opinion models on multilayer networks have mostly neglected the effect of link overlap. Here we show that link overlap can have important effects in the formation of a majority opinion. Indeed, the formation of a majority opinion can be significantly influenced by the statistical properties of multilinks, and in particular by the multidegree distribution. To quantitatively address this problem, we study a simple spin model, called the Ashkin-Teller model, including two-body and four-body interactions between nodes in different layers. Here we fully investigate the rich phase diagram of this model which includes a large variety of phase transitions. Indeed, the phase diagram or the model displays continuous, discontinuous, and hybrid phase transitions, and successive jumps of the order parameters within the Baxter phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cook Hyun Kim
- CCSS, CTP and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minjae Jo
- CCSS, CTP and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - G Bianconi
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, E1 4GF, London, United Kingdom
- Alan Turing Institute, The British Library, NW1 2DB, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Kahng
- Center for Complex Systems, KI of Grid Modernization, Korea Institute of Energy Technology, Naju, Jeonnam 58217, Korea
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28
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Kim HJ, Park D, Yun G, Kim H, Kim HG, Lee KM, Hong IK, Park KC, Lee JS, Hwang KS. Screening for cerebral amyloid angiopathy based on serological biomarkers analysis using a dielectrophoretic force-driven biosensor platform. Lab Chip 2021; 21:4557-4565. [PMID: 34724019 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00742d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to analyze plasma amyloid-β (Aβ)1-40 and Aβ1-42 using a highly sensitive dielectrophoretic-driven biosensor platform to demonstrate the possibility of precise cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) diagnosis in participants classified according to Aβ-positron emission tomography (PET) positivity and the neuroimaging criteria for CAA. We prospectively recruited 25 people with non-Alzheimer's disease (non-AD) and 19 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which were further classified into the CAA- and CAA+ (possible and probable CAA) groups according to the modified Boston criteria. Patients underwent plasma Aβ analysis using a highly sensitive nano-biosensor platform, Aβ-PET scanning, and detailed neuropsychological testing. As a result, the average signal levels of Aβ1-42/1-40 differed significantly between the non-AD and AD groups, and the CAA+ group exhibited significantly higher Aβ1-40 signal levels than the CAA- group in both non-AD and AD groups. The concordance between the Aβ1-40 signal level and the neuroimaging criteria for CAA was nearly perfect, with areas under the curve of 0.954 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.856-1.000), 0.969 (0.894-1.000), 0.867 (0.648-1.000), and 1.000 (1.000-1.000) in the non-AD/CAA- vs. non-AD/possible CAA, non-AD/CAA- vs. non-AD/probable CAA, AD/CAA- vs. AD/possible CAA, and AD/CAA- vs. AD/probable CAA groups, respectively. Higher Aβ1-40 signal levels were significantly associated with the presence of CAA according to regression analyses, and the neuroimaging pattern analysis partly supported this result. Our findings suggest that measuring plasma Aβ1-40 signal levels using a highly sensitive biosensor platform could be a useful non-invasive CAA diagnostic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongsung Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyihyaon Yun
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongrae Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ki Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyo Seon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Lee JY, Lee KM, Kim HG, Woo HG, Lee JS, Kim EJ. The Clinical Significance of the Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker Sign in Subacute Infarction Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112161. [PMID: 34829508 PMCID: PMC8625489 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM) is characterized by the delayed enhancement of the subarachnoid or subpial space observed on postcontrast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, and is considered a cerebral reperfusion marker for various brain disorders, including infarction. In this study, we evaluated the cerebral distribution patterns of HARM for discriminating between an enhancing subacute infarction and an enhancing mass located in the cortex and subcortical white matter. Materials and methods: We analyzed consecutive patients who experienced a subacute ischemic stroke, were hospitalized, and underwent conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging including postcontrast FLAIR within 14 days from symptom onset, as well as those who had lesions corresponding to a clinical sign detected by diffusion-weighted imaging and postcontrast T1-weighted imaging between May 2019 and May 2021. A total of 199 patients were included in the study. Of them, 94 were finally included in the subacute infarction group. During the same period, 76 enhancing masses located in the cortex or subcortical white matter, which were subcategorized as metastasis, malignant glioma, and lymphoma, were analyzed. We analyzed the overall incidence of HARM in subacute ischemic stroke cases, and compared the enhancement patterns between cortical infarctions and cortical masses. Results: Among 94 patients with subacute stroke, 78 patients (83%) presented HARM, and among 76 patients with subcortical masses, 48 patients (63%) presented peripheral rim enhancement. Of 170 subcortical enhancing lesions, 88 (51.8%) showed HARM, and 78 (88.6%) were determined to be subacute infarction. Among 94 patients with subacute stroke, 48 patients (51%) had diffusion restrictions, and HARM was found in 39 patients (81.2%). Of the 46 patients (49%) without diffusion restriction, 39 patients (84.8%) showed HARM. Conclusions: The presence of HARM was significantly associated with subacute infarctions. For the masses, a peripheral rim enhancement pattern was observed around the mass rather than the cerebral sulci on postcontrast FLAIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (E.J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-958-8623; Fax: +82-2-968-0787
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (E.J.K.)
| | - Ho-Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-G.W.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-G.W.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Eui Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (E.J.K.)
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Yun G, Kim HJ, Kim HG, Lee KM, Hong IK, Kim SH, Rhee HY, Jahng GH, Yoon SS, Park KC, Hwang KS, Lee JS. Association Between Plasma Amyloid-β and Neuropsychological Performance in Patients With Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:736937. [PMID: 34759814 PMCID: PMC8573146 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.736937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels and neuropsychological performance in patients with cognitive decline using a highly sensitive nano-biosensing platform. Methods: We prospectively recruited 44 patients with cognitive decline who underwent plasma Aβ analysis, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, and detailed neuropsychological tests. Patients were classified into a normal control (NC, n = 25) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 19) group based on amyloid PET positivity. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine whether plasma Aβ (Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ42/40) levels were associated with neuropsychological test results. Results: The plasma levels of Aβ42/40 were significantly different between the NC and AD groups and were the best predictor of amyloid PET positivity by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis [area under the curve of 0.952 (95% confidence interval, 0.892–1.000)]. Although there were significant differences in the neuropsychological performance of cognitive domains (language, visuospatial, verbal/visual memory, and frontal/executive functions) between the NC and AD groups, higher levels of plasma Aβ42/40 were negatively correlated only with verbal and visual memory performance. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that plasma Aβ analysis using a nano-biosensing platform could be a useful tool for diagnosing AD and assessing memory performance in patients with cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyihyaon Yun
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Il Ki Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Sang Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyo Seon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Fleckenstein J, Milliken JT, Lee JS, Ballentine SJ. Cystic angiomatosis of the bone, liver, and spleen. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Cystic angiomatosis is a very rare entity characterized by multifocal cystic angiomatous lesions of the skeletal system, occasionally involving visceral organ systems. Clinical presentation and progression are extremely variable. Cases with liver involvement are even rarer, and have been described as invariably fatal. The pathogenesis of this disorder is poorly understood, and no treatments are currently available.
Methods/Case Report
A 24 year old man with history of polysubstance abuse and untreated hepatitis C presented with acute abdominal pain. Imaging revealed hepatosplenomegaly and multiple liver, spleen, and skeletal lesions. Differential diagnoses included metastatic disease, lymphoma, and infection. Apart from known untreated chronic hepatitis C, all infectious, autoimmune and hypercoagulability work-ups were negative. Biopsies of the liver and iliac bone lesions showed areas of benign-appearing vascular proliferation in a background of fibrosis. The vascular endothelial cells were positive for CD34 and CD31 but negative for D2-40. On follow-up approximately eight months later, the patient was asymptomatic.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
Liver involvement by cystic angiomatosis is exceedingly rare and has been associated with increased mortality. This case provides an example of a patient with incidentally discovered cystic angiomatosis involving liver, spleen, and bone who remains asymptomatic at follow-up. Additional cases are required to understand the pathophysiology and disease course in this group of patients, and to investigate possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fleckenstein
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - John T Milliken
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - S J Ballentine
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, UNITED STATES
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Lee JS, Woo HG, Hwang KJ. Tongue Tremor After Levetiracetam Administration. J Clin Neurol 2021; 17:588-589. [PMID: 34595872 PMCID: PMC8490891 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.4.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Jin Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kang SH, Cheon BK, Kim JS, Jang H, Kim HJ, Park KW, Noh Y, Lee JS, Ye BS, Na DL, Lee H, Seo SW. Machine Learning for the Prediction of Amyloid Positivity in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:143-157. [PMID: 33523003 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid-β (Aβ) evaluation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients is important for predicting conversion to Alzheimer's disease. However, Aβ evaluation through Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) is limited due to high cost and safety issues. OBJECTIVE We therefore aimed to develop and validate prediction models of Aβ positivity for aMCI using optimal interpretable machine learning (ML) approaches utilizing multimodal markers. METHODS We recruited 529 aMCI patients from multiple centers who underwent Aβ PET. We trained ML algorithms using a training cohort (324 aMCI from Samsung medical center) with two-phase modelling: model 1 included age, gender, education, diabetes, hypertension, apolipoprotein E genotype, and neuropsychological test scores; model 2 included the same variables as model 1 with additional MRI features. We used four-fold cross-validation during the modelling and evaluated the models on an external validation cohort (187 aMCI from the other centers). RESULTS Model 1 showed good accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.837) in cross-validation, and fair accuracy (AUROC 0.765) in external validation. Model 2 led to improvement in the prediction performance with good accuracy (AUROC 0.892) in cross validation compared to model 1. Apolipoprotein E genotype, delayed recall task scores, and interaction between cortical thickness in the temporal region and hippocampal volume were the most important predictors of Aβ positivity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ML models are effective in predicting Aβ positivity at the individual level and could help the biomarker-guided diagnosis of prodromal AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kang
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Cheon
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Severance hospital, Yonsei University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyejoo Lee
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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Valderrábano RJ, Buzkova P, Chang PY, Zakai NA, Fink HA, Robbins JA, Wu JY, Lee JS. Associations of hemoglobin and change in hemoglobin with risk of incident hip fracture in older men and women: the cardiovascular health study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1669-1677. [PMID: 33576845 PMCID: PMC8764634 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In a multi-site longitudinal cohort study, decreasing hemoglobin was associated with increased hip fracture risk in men. Anemia was associated with hip fracture in men and in African American women. Decreasing hemoglobin may be a marker of progressing bone fragility, making its serial measurement useful for fracture risk stratification. INTRODUCTION Hematopoiesis and bone health are interdependent. Anemia has been associated with risk of fracture in humans. To further elucidate this relationship, we hypothesized that decreasing hemoglobin could indicate defective hematopoiesis and would also predict fracture risk. METHODS We performed a prospective analysis from study baseline (1992) of the Cardiovascular Health Study, a multi-site longitudinal cohort study. A total of 4670 men and women, ages >65 years, who were able to consent and not institutionalized or wheelchair bound, had hemoglobin (Hb) measured in 1992. For 4006 subjects, Hb change from 1989 to 1992 was annualized and divided into sex-specific quartiles. Incident hip fractures were verified against Medicare claims data during a median follow-up of 11.8 years. RESULTS Nested Cox proportional-hazard models estimated association of hip fracture with anemia (men Hb <13 g/dL, women Hb <12 g/dL) and separately, greatest Hb decrease (versus others). Anemia was associated with increased hip fracture risk in all men (HR 1.59; 95% CI 1.01-2.50) and African American women (HR 3.21; 95% CI 1.07-9.63). In men, an annualized Hb loss of >0.36 g/dL/year was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture (HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.10-2.54), which was lessened by anemia at the start of fracture follow-up (HR 1.53; 95% CI 0.99-2.39). CONCLUSIONS Decreasing Hb may be an early marker for subsequent hip fracture risk in men, which may be less informative once an anemia threshold is crossed. Only African American women with anemia had increased hip fracture risk, suggesting a race difference in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Valderrábano
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (D-56), Miami, FL, 33101, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., S-025, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - P Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P-Y Chang
- Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., S-025, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - N A Zakai
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - H A Fink
- GRECC, Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J A Robbins
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Y Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., S-025, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - J S Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., S-025, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Palo Alto Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Jang SH, Sohn SI, Park H, Lee SJ, Kim YW, Hong JM, Kim CH, Choi JW, Kang DH, Kim YS, Hwang YH, Lee JS, Hong JH. The Safety of Intra-arterial Tirofiban during Endovascular Therapy after Intravenous Thrombolysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1633-1637. [PMID: 34301637 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The safety and efficacy of tirofiban during endovascular therapy in patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant IV tPA remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial tirofiban use during endovascular therapy in patients treated with IV tPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a multicenter registry, we enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular therapy. Safety outcomes included postprocedural parenchymal hematoma type 2 and/or thick subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and 3-month mortality. Efficacy outcomes included the successful reperfusion rate, postprocedural reocclusion, and good outcomes at 3 months (mRS scores of 0-2). The tirofiban effect on the outcomes was evaluated using a multivariable analysis while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Among enrolled patients, we identified 314 patients with stroke (279 and 35 patients in the no tirofiban and tirofiban groups, respectively) due to an intracranial artery occlusion who underwent endovascular therapy with intravenous thrombolysis. A multivariable analysis revealed no association of intra-arterial tirofiban with postprocedural parenchymal hematoma type and/or thick subarachnoid hemorrhage (adjusted OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.20-4.10; P = .918), intraventricular hemorrhage (adjusted OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.02-2.85; P = .467), and 3-month mortality (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.04-1.87; P = .299). Intra-arterial tirofiban was not associated with good outcome (adjusted OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 0.89 -6.12; P = .099). CONCLUSIONS Using intra-arterial tirofiban during endovascular therapy after IV tPA could be safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Jang
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.H.J., S.-I.S., H.P., J.-H.H.)
| | - S-I Sohn
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.H.J., S.-I.S., H.P., J.-H.H.)
| | - H Park
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.H.J., S.-I.S., H.P., J.-H.H.)
| | - S-J Lee
- Department of Neurology (S.-J.L., J.M.H., J.S.L.)
| | - Y-W Kim
- Department of Neurology (Y.-W.K., Y.-H.H.)
| | - J M Hong
- Department of Neurology (S.-J.L., J.M.H., J.S.L.)
| | - C-H Kim
- Neurosurgery (C.-H.K.), School of Medicine Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J W Choi
- Radiology (J.W.C.), School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Y-S Kim
- Radiology (Y.-S.K.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Y-H Hwang
- Department of Neurology (Y.-W.K., Y.-H.H.)
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Neurology (S.-J.L., J.M.H., J.S.L.)
| | - J-H Hong
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.H.J., S.-I.S., H.P., J.-H.H.)
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Cho SH, Rhee HY, Oh J, Lee JS, Park S, Shin WC, Paik JW, Ryu CW, Park KC, Jahng GH. Longitudinal Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:335-346. [PMID: 34238193 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210708145924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal changes of brain metabolites during a functional stimulation are unknown in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects. OBJECTIVE This study was to evaluate the longitudinal changes of brain metabolites using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in response to treatment during a memory task in the subjects of cognitive normal (CN), aMCI, and AD. METHODS We acquired functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) data from 28 CN elderly, 16 aMCI and 12 AD subjects during a face-name association task. We measured fMRS metabolite ratios over 24 months in the 8-month apart, determined the temporal changes of the metabolites, and evaluated the differences among the three groups under the three different conditions (base, novel, repeat). RESULTS The results of comparisons for the three subject groups and the three-time points showed that tNAA/tCho and tCr/tCho were statistically significant among the three subject groups in any of the three conditions. The dynamic temporal change measurements for the metabolites for each condition showed that Glx/tCho and Glu/tCho levels at the third visit increased significantly compared with in the first visit in the novel condition in the AD group. CONCLUSION We found declines in tNAA/tCho and tCr/tCho in the aMCI and AD subjects with increasing disease severity, being highest in CN and lowest in AD. The Glx/tCho level increased temporally in the AD subjects after they took an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor. Therefore, Glx may be suitable to demonstrate functional recovery after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, #42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Korea
| | - Janghoon Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Soonchan Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Korea
| | - Won Chul Shin
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Korea
| | - Key Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Korea
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Oh CH, Lee JS. Innumerable cerebral microbleeds in hepatitis B virus-related decompensated liver cirrhosis: a case report. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:245. [PMID: 34172015 PMCID: PMC8234623 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are small, rounded, dark-signal lesions on brain MRI that represent cerebral hemosiderin deposits resulting from prior microhemorrhages and are neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Here, we report a case of innumerable CMBs in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy underlying decompensated liver cirrhosis. Case presentation An 83-year-old woman diagnosed with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis 40 years before was referred to our neurology clinic for progressive disorientation of time and place, personality changes, and confusion with somnolence over 2 weeks. Based on the laboratory, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological findings, we diagnosed the patient with hepatic encephalopathy, and her symptoms recovered within 12 h after proper medical management. Brain MRI showed innumerable CMBs in the bilateral frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. Since the distribution of CMBs in the patient was mainly corticosubcortical and predominantly in the posterior cortical regions, and the apolipoprotein E genotype was ε4/ε4, we speculated that CAA and hepatic encephalopathy coexisted in this patient. Conclusions We suggest that severe liver dysfunction associated with long-term decompensated liver cirrhosis may be related to an increased number of CMBs in the brain. Our findings indicate that decompensated liver cirrhosis may be a risk factor for the development of CMBs and corroborate a link between the liver and the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hyuk Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, #23 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Myung MJ, Lee KM, Kim HG, Oh J, Lee JY, Shin I, Kim EJ, Lee JS. Novel Approaches to Detection of Cerebral Microbleeds: Single Deep Learning Model to Achieve a Balanced Performance. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105886. [PMID: 34175642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are considered essential indicators for the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease and cognitive disorders. Traditionally, CMBs are manually interpreted based on criteria including the shape, diameter, and signal characteristics after an MR examination, such as susceptibility-weighted imaging or gradient echo imaging (GRE). In this paper, an efficient method for CMB detection in GRE scans is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed framework consists of the following phases: (1) pre-processing (skull extraction), (2) the first training with the ground truth labeled using CMB, (3) the second training with the ground truth labeled with CMB mimicking the same subjects, and (4) post-processing (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filtering). The proposed technique was validated on a dataset of 1133 CBMs that consisted of 5284 images for training and 1737 images for testing. We applied a two-stage approach using a region-based CNN method based on You Only Look Once (YOLO) to investigate a novel CMB detection technique. RESULTS The sensitivity, precision, F1-score and false positive per person (FPavg) were evaluated as 80.96, 60.98, 69.57 and 6.57, 59.69, 62.70, 61.16 and 4.5, 66.90, 79.75, 72.76 and 2.15 for YOLO with a single label, YOLO with double labels, and YOLO + CSF filtering, respectively, and YOLO + CSF filtering showed the highest precision performance, F1-score and lowest FPavg. CONCLUSIONS Using proposed framework, we developed an optimized CMB learning model with low false positives and a balanced performance in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Myung
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Janghoon Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilah Shin
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Guo XY, Chang Y, Kim Y, Rhee HY, Cho AR, Park S, Ryu CW, San Lee J, Lee KM, Shin W, Park KC, Kim EJ, Jahng GH. Development and evaluation of a T1 standard brain template for Alzheimer disease. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:2224-2244. [PMID: 34079697 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have high variability in brain tissue loss, making it difficult to use a disease-specific standard brain template. The objective of this study was to develop an AD-specific three-dimensional (3D) T1 brain tissue template and to evaluate the characteristics of the populations used to form the template. Methods We obtained 3D T1-weighted images from 294 individuals, including 101 AD, 96 amnestic MCI, and 97 cognitively normal (CN) elderly individuals, and segmented them into different brain tissues to generate AD-specific brain tissue templates. Demographic data and clinical outcome scores were compared between the three groups. Voxel-based analyses and regions-of-interest-based analyses were performed to compare gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) between the three participant groups and to evaluate the relationship of GMV and WMV loss with age, years of education, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Results We created high-resolution AD-specific tissue probability maps (TPMs). In the AD and MCI groups, losses of both GMV and WMV were found with respect to the CN group in the hippocampus (F >44.60, P<0.001). GMV was lower with increasing age in all individuals in the left (r=-0.621, P<0.001) and right (r=-0.632, P<0.001) hippocampi. In the left hippocampus, GMV was positively correlated with years of education in the CN groups (r=0.345, P<0.001) but not in the MCI (r=0.223, P=0.0293) or AD (r=-0.021, P=0.835) groups. WMV of the corpus callosum was not significantly correlated with years of education in any of the three subject groups (r=0.035 and P=0.549 for left, r=0.013 and P=0.821 for right). In all individuals, GMV of the hippocampus was significantly correlated with MMSE scores (left, r=0.710 and P<0.001; right, r=0.680 and P<0.001), while WMV of the corpus callosum showed a weak correlation (left, r=0.142 and P=0.015; right, r=0.123 and P=0.035). Conclusions A 3D, T1 brain tissue template was created using imaging data from CN, MCI, and AD participants considering the participants' age, sex, and years of education. Our disease-specific template can help evaluate brains to promote early diagnosis of MCI individuals and aid treatment of MCI and AD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Guo
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Undergraduate School, College of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yehee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Undergraduate School, College of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Rang Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchan Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchul Shin
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Kwon OS, Lee JS, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Joung BY, Lee MH, Pak HN. Left atrial wall stress and the outcome of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: artificial intelligence-based prediction of clinical outcome. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction: Left atrial (LA) wall stress (LAW-str) may contribute to the mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF).
Purpose
We explored the clinical characteristics and the rhythm outcome of AF depending on LAW-str among the patients who underwent AF catheter ablation (AFCA). We also tested whether artificial intelligence (AI) properly estimate LAW-str without invasive parameters.
Methods
We included 2223 patients (72.8% male, 59.0 [52.0–67.0] years old, 28.7% with persistent AF [PeAF]) who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). LAW-str was calculated by the Law of Laplace using LA diameter (echocardiogram), peak LA pressure, and mean LA wall thickness (computed tomography) measured by customized software. Based on the quartile (Q1–4) or AI-estimated values of LAW-str, we compared clinical characteristics and rhythm outcome.
Results
LAW-str was independently associated with PeAF (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.012) and vascular disease (p = 0.002), body mass index (p < 0.001), E/Em (p < 0.001), and mean LA voltage (p < 0.001). During 26.0 (12.0–52.0) months follow-up, clinical recurrence of AF was significantly higher in the Q4 of LAW-str group (log rank p = 0.001). LAW-str was independently associated with clinical recurrence after AFCA (HR 1.001 [1.000–1.002], p = 0.013). AI-based model using non-invasive parameters predicted Q4 of LAW-str with area under the curve (AUC) 0.734, which was similar to logistic regression based predictive model using all data including invasive parameters (AUC 0.726). Patients in Q4 of LAW-str showed consistently worse rhythm outcome regardless of the type of AF, sex, or AI-based prediction (p = 0.039).
Conclusions
The LAW-str seems to be associated with rhythm outcome of AFCA and AI can predict this complex parameter with moderate accuracy. TableMultivariateβ (95% CI)PPersistent AF31.08 (21.77-40.39)<0.001Diabetes mellitus15.36 (3.35-27.38)0.012Vascular disease22.27 (8.4-36.14)0.002Body mass index2.91 (1.53-4.29)<0.001E/Em4.95 (3.87-6.02)<0.001Mean LA voltage-22.24 (-27.96–16.52)<0.001Linear regression analysis for clinical variables predictive of LA wall stress (10^3 dyn/cm2).Abstract Figure. AF recurrence by LAW-str, AI-prediction
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - OS Kwon
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JS Lee
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HT Yu
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - TH Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JS Uhm
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - BY Joung
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - MH Lee
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HN Pak
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Pendharkar M, Zhang B, Wu H, Zarassi A, Zhang P, Dempsey CP, Lee JS, Harrington SD, Badawy G, Gazibegovic S, Op Het Veld RLM, Rossi M, Jung J, Chen AH, Verheijen MA, Hocevar M, Bakkers EPAM, Palmstrøm CJ, Frolov SM. Parity-preserving and magnetic field-resilient superconductivity in InSb nanowires with Sn shells. Science 2021; 372:508-511. [PMID: 33858990 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Improving materials used to make qubits is crucial to further progress in quantum information processing. Of particular interest are semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures that are expected to form the basis of topological quantum computing. We grew semiconductor indium antimonide nanowires that were coated with shells of tin of uniform thickness. No interdiffusion was observed at the interface between Sn and InSb. Tunnel junctions were prepared by in situ shadowing. Despite the lack of lattice matching between Sn and InSb, a 15-nanometer-thick shell of tin was found to induce a hard superconducting gap, with superconductivity persisting in magnetic field up to 4 teslas. A small island of Sn-InSb exhibits the two-electron charging effect. These findings suggest a less restrictive approach to fabricating superconducting and topological quantum circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pendharkar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - H Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - A Zarassi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - C P Dempsey
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - J S Lee
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - S D Harrington
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - G Badawy
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - S Gazibegovic
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | - M Rossi
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - J Jung
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - A-H Chen
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M A Verheijen
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M Hocevar
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - E P A M Bakkers
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - C J Palmstrøm
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - S M Frolov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Kang J, Oh YM, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lim SY, Kim WJ, Yoon HI, Kim TH, Park TS, Kim SO, Lee SW, Lee SD, Lee JS. Distinctive patterns of pulmonary function change according to baseline lung volume and diffusing capacity. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:597-605. [PMID: 32553011 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Multicentre retrospective study in South Korea.OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally evaluate changes in lung volume and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1).DESIGN: A total of 155 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whose pulmonary function parameters were measured annually for 5 years, were selected from a prospective cohort in South Korea. A random coefficients model was used to estimate mean annual FEV1, lung volume parameter and DLCO change rates.RESULTS: Patients were classified into four groups based on baseline DLCO and residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) measurements. The annual FEV1 decline rate was greater in patients with low DLCO than in those with normal DLCO, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with low DLCO and normal RV/TLC. RV and RV/TLC declined in patients with high RV/TLC, whereas these increased in patients with normal RV/TLC. DLCO decreased longitudinally in all four groups, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with normal DLCO and normal RV/TLC.CONCLUSIONS: Different subgroups of patients with COPD exhibited distinctive pulmonary function change patterns. Baseline DLCO and RV/TLC may be used as physiological markers to predict long-term changes in pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y-M Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J-H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - E K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - S Y Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon
| | - H I Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam
| | - T-H Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - T S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - S O Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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Joo JY, Kim HG, Lee KM, Ko SH, Rhee HY, Park KC, Lee JS. Parosmia in Right-lateralized Semantic Variant Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Case Report. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:160-163. [PMID: 33443872 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parosmia, defined as the distorted perception of an odor stimulus, has been reported to be associated with head trauma, upper respiratory tract infections, sinonasal diseases, and toxin/drug consumption. To date, little is known about parosmia in right-lateralized semantic variant primary progressive aphasia. A 60-year-old right-handed man presented with a 2-year history of parosmia and prosopagnosia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated severe atrophy of the right anterior and mesial temporal lobe, particularly in the fusiform cortex and the regions known as the primary olfactory cortex. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose position emission tomography showed asymmetric hypometabolism of the bilateral temporal lobes (right > left). We clinically diagnosed him with right-lateralized semantic variant primary progressive aphasia. As the right hemisphere is known to be more involved in the processing of pleasant odors than the left hemisphere, we speculate that the unique manifestation of parosmia observed in this patient might be associated with the lateralization of the olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seok Hoon Ko
- Emergency Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Shin YY, Lee JS, Park KC, Rhee HY. Delirium caused by topical administration of cyclopentolate for cataract surgery in mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24394. [PMID: 33663052 PMCID: PMC7909168 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALES Cholinergic modification by anticholinergic medication can produce adverse effects in central nervous system (CNS) and cyclopentolate is an antimuscarinic agent widely used for ophthalmologic management. We demonstrate a rare case of hyperactive delirium caused by topical administration of cyclopentolate in a patient with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). PATIENT CONCERNS A 74-year-old man showed acute confusion after preparation for cataract operation in day surgery clinic. The patient became confused and agitated after instillation of topical cyclopentolate drop into the eye and the symptoms persisted over several hours. DIAGNOSIS Previously the patient had been diagnosed with amnestic MCI with the finding of bilateral medial temporal atrophy on brain magnetic resonance imaging. 18F-flutemetamol positron emission tomography scan demonstrated multifocal amyloid deposition in the brain. INTERVENTIONS The patient was closely observed with the supportive management. OUTCOMES The patient began to recover 5 h after the onset of symptoms and the cognitive function was reverted to previous state within 24 h. LESSONS It is well known that several drugs with anticholinergic effects used in perioperative periods make the patients susceptible to delirium, but even the topical administration of cyclopentolate for cataract surgery also produce adverse CNS effects in a vulnerable patient who is diagnosed with MCI due to AD in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Naeun Hospital, Incheon
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Key-Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Woo HG, Chung H, Lee JS, Heo SH. Double-Chamber Left Ventricle as a Potential Cardioembolic Source in Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Clin Neurol 2021; 17:470-472. [PMID: 34184456 PMCID: PMC8242305 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.3.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemoon Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hyuk Heo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Oh JH, Choi BG, Rhee HY, Lee JS, Lee KM, Park S, Cho AR, Ryu CW, Park KC, Kim EJ, Jahng GH. Added Value of Chemical Exchange-Dependent Saturation Transfer MRI for the Diagnosis of Dementia. Korean J Radiol 2020; 22:770-781. [PMID: 33543845 PMCID: PMC8076822 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is sensitive for detecting solid-like proteins and may detect changes in the levels of mobile proteins and peptides in tissues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of chemical exchange proton pools using the CEST MRI technique in patients with dementia. Materials and Methods Our institutional review board approved this cross-sectional prospective study and informed consent was obtained from all participants. This study included 41 subjects (19 with dementia and 22 without dementia). Complete CEST data of the brain were obtained using a three-dimensional gradient and spin-echo sequence to map CEST indices, such as amide, amine, hydroxyl, and magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) values, using six-pool Lorentzian fitting. Statistical analyses of CEST indices were performed to evaluate group comparisons, their correlations with gray matter volume (GMV) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Amine signals (0.029 for non-dementia, 0.046 for dementia, p = 0.011 at hippocampus) and MTRasym values at 3 ppm (0.748 for non-dementia, 1.138 for dementia, p = 0.022 at hippocampus), and 3.5 ppm (0.463 for non-dementia, 0.875 for dementia, p = 0.029 at hippocampus) were significantly higher in the dementia group than in the non-dementia group. Most CEST indices were not significantly correlated with GMV; however, except amide, most indices were significantly correlated with the MMSE scores. The classification power of most CEST indices was lower than that of GMV but adding one of the CEST indices in GMV improved the classification between the subject groups. The largest improvement was seen in the MTRasym values at 2 ppm in the anterior cingulate (area under the ROC curve = 0.981), with a sensitivity of 100 and a specificity of 90.91. Conclusion CEST MRI potentially allows noninvasive image alterations in the Alzheimer's disease brain without injecting isotopes for monitoring different disease states and may provide a new imaging biomarker in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Guem Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Undergraduate School, College of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soonchan Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ah Rang Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Key Chung Park
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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Safren SA, Harkness A, Lee JS, Rogers BG, Mendez NA, Magidson JF, Blashill AJ, Bainter S, Rodriguez A, Ironson G. Addressing Syndemics and Self-care in Individuals with Uncontrolled HIV: An Open Trial of a Transdiagnostic Treatment. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:3264-3278. [PMID: 32410049 PMCID: PMC7546114 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-02900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interventions addressing syndemics and ART adherence are needed for individuals with uncontrolled HIV and psychosocial problems. Twenty-seven participants with detectable HIV plasma viral load (PVL) or recent STI participated in an open trial of transdiagnostic adherence counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy. Outcomes were collected at baseline, 4-, and 8-months. Log PVL improved from baseline to 4-month (γ = - 1.13, 95% CI - 1.72, - 0.55, p < 0.001) and 8-month (γ = - 0.93, 95% CI - 1.57, - 0.30, p = 0.006), with more participants suppressed at 4- (χ2(1) = 9.09, p = 0.001) and 8-month (χ2(1) = 5.14, p = 0.016). Self-reported adherence improved across major assessments (γ = 0.87, 95% CI 0.28, 1.46, p = .005); Wisepill adherence did not. Negative affect declined during treatment (γ = - 0.28, 95% CI - 0.40, - 0.16, p < 0.001), with improvement at 4- (γ = - 4.34, 95% CI - 6.99, - 1.69, p = 0.002) but not 8-month. Positive affect trended positively during treatment and from baseline to 4-month, with significant 8-month improvement (γ = 3.84, 95% CI 0.33, 7.44, p = 0.04). Depressive symptoms did not change. In a complicated sample of participants selected for uncontrolled HIV, the intervention yielded improved PVL and self-reported adherence. Efforts to end HIV should improve upon strategies such as these, addressing syndemics. Registration: clinicaltrial.gov: NCT02696681.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA.
| | - A Harkness
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | - B G Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - N A Mendez
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | - J F Magidson
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - A J Blashill
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - S Bainter
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | - A Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - G Ironson
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd., P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
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Lee JS, Lee H, Park S, Choe Y, Park YH, Cheon BK, Hahn A, Ossenkoppele R, Kim HJ, Kim S, Yoo H, Jang H, Cho SH, Kim SJ, Kim JP, Jung YH, Park KC, DeCarli C, Weiner MW, Na DL, Seo SW. Association between APOE ε2 and Aβ burden in patients with Alzheimer- and vascular-type cognitive impairment. Neurology 2020; 95:e2354-e2365. [PMID: 32928967 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between APOE genotype and β-amyloid (Aβ) burden, as measured by PET in patients with subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) and those with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment (ADCI). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 310 patients with SVCI and 999 with ADCI. To evaluate the effects of APOE genotype or diagnostic group on Aβ positivity, we performed multivariate logistic regression analyses. Further distinctive underlying features of latent subgroups were examined by employing a latent class cluster analysis approach. RESULTS In comparison with ε3 homozygotes, in the ADCI group, ε2 carriers showed a lower frequency of Aβ positivity (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.79), while in the SVCI group, ε2 carriers showed a higher frequency of Aβ positivity (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.02-5.01). In particular, we observed an interaction effect of ε2 carrier status and diagnostic group on Aβ positivity (OR 5.12, 95% CI 1.93-13.56), in that relative to ε3 homozygotes, there were more Aβ-positive ε2 carriers in the SVCI group than in the ADCI group. We also identified latent subgroups of Aβ-positive APOE ε2 carriers with SVCI and Aβ-positive APOE ε4 carriers with ADCI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that APOE ε2 is distinctly associated with Aβ deposition in patients with SVCI and those with ADCI. Our findings further suggest that there is a distinctive subgroup of Aβ-positive APOE ε2 carriers with SVCI among patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin San Lee
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Hyejoo Lee
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Seongbeom Park
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yeongsim Choe
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bo Kyoung Cheon
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alice Hahn
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Heejin Yoo
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hyemin Jang
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Young Hee Jung
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Key-Chung Park
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Michael W Weiner
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Duk L Na
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sang Won Seo
- From the Department of Neurology (J.S.L., H.L., S.P., Y.C., Y.H.P., B.K.C., A.H., H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), Samsung Alzheimer Research Center (H.J.K., H.J., J.P.K., D.L.N., S.W.S.), and Statistics and Data Center (S.K., H.Y.), Samsung Medical Center; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence (S.W.S.), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Department of Health Sciences and Technology (S.W.S.), SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University; Department of Neurology (J.S.L., K.-C.P.), Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center (R.O.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (S.H.C.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon; Department of Neurology (Y.H.J.), Myungji Hospital, Goyang, Korea; Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience (C.D.), University of California, Davis; Department of Medicine (M.W.W.), University of California; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA.
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Woo HG, Ryu J, Oh CH, Lee JH, Lee JS. Postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome confined to the bilateral cervical vertebral arteries. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1603-1605. [PMID: 33099698 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Jiwook Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Chi Hyuk Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Jae Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seosan Jungang General Hospital, Seosan, 32010, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Park D, Goh CJ, Lee JS, Sebastiani F, Hahn Y. Identification of Pistacia-associated flexivirus 1, a putative mycovirus of the family Gammaflexiviridae, in the mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus) transcriptome. Acta Virol 2020; 64:28-35. [PMID: 32180416 DOI: 10.4149/av_2020_104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we identified the genome sequence of the novel virus Pistacia-associated flexivirus 1 (PAFV1), a putative member of the mycovirus family Gammaflexiviridae (the order Tymovirales), via analysis of a transcriptome dataset for the mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus, the family Anacardiaceae). PAFV1 was predicted to have three open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1, encoding a replicase (REP) with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity; ORF2, a movement protein (MP); and ORF3, a hypothetical protein. The PAFV1 REP sequence showed high similarity to those of three known members of the family Gammaflexiviridae i.e., Entoleuca gammaflexivirus 1 (EnFV1), Entoleuca gammaflexivirus 2 (EnFV2), and Botrytis virus F (BVF). A genome contig of the fungus Monosporascus cannonballus also contained a sequence of an endogenous virus similar to that of PAFV1. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis indicated that PAFV1, EnFV1, and the endogenous virus of M. cannonballus formed a distinct subgroup (apart from EnFV2 and BVF), and may be the founding members of a novel genus in the family Gammaflexiviridae. Notably, MP sequences of PAFV1/EnFV1 showed similarity to the MP sequences of the mycovirus group called tobamo-like mycoviruses (an unassigned taxon), implying that genomic recombination occurred between members of the family Gammaflexiviridae and tobamo-like mycoviruses. Since PAFV1 is phylogenetically related to mycoviruses, PAFV1 may also be a mycovirus that infected a fungus associated with the mastic tree sample, which is evidenced by the presence of fungal ribosomal RNA sequences in the mastic tree transcriptome. Thus, the PAFV1 genome sequence may be useful in elucidating the genome evolution of Gammaflexiviridae and tobamo-like mycoviruses. Keywords: Pistacia-associated flexivirus 1; Gammaflexiviridae; mycovirus, mastic tree.
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