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Perrar I, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Cohort profile update-overview of over 35 years of research in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:727-740. [PMID: 38151532 PMCID: PMC10948456 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an update on the cohort profile of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, including objectives, study design, methods and description of the comprehensive data pool, as well as to summarize the most important research findings of recent years. METHODS In 1985, the open (dynamic) cohort started to collect information on diet, growth, development, and metabolism of healthy children and adolescents in Dortmund, Germany. Detailed data are collected annually during infancy, childhood, and adolescence of the participants, including a 3-day weighed dietary record, a 24-h urine sample, anthropometric and medical examinations as well as interviews on lifestyle. RESULTS Even if the basic examination modules have not changed since the start over 35 years ago, the DONALD study has been continuously further developed by introducing new modules. As such, participants are also invited for follow-up examinations during adulthood since 2005, including an additional fasting blood withdrawal. Overall, 2375 (♂: 1177; ♀: 1198) participants were recruited in the DONALD study between 1985 and 2022. Data from ~ 30,700 anthropometric measurements, ~ 19,200 dietary records, ~ 10,600 24-h urine and ~ 1300 blood samples are available from an observation period of over 35 years. CONCLUSION The DONALD study provides a large data pool for longitudinal studies on nutrition, growth, and health in childhood and adolescence, its impact on the development of diseases in early adult life as well as dietary intake trends over more than three decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Franco LP, Derakhshandeh-Rishehri SM, Hua Y, Nöthlings U, Wudy SA, Remer T. Phosphorus Intake and Potential Dietary Influences Examined via 24-Hour Urinary Biomarker Measurements in German Children and Adolescents Over 3 Decades. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00083-2. [PMID: 38360183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increases in phosphorus intake have been observed over the past years in adult populations. However, biomarker-based data are lacking on whether or not phosphorus intake also increased in children. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine 24-hour urinary phosphate excretion (PO4-Ex) and diet-related biomarkers potentially influencing phosphorus status in German children and adolescents from 1985 to 2015. DESIGN This longitudinal noninvasive biomarker-based cohort study examined 24-hour urine samples from children and adolescents of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, collected over 3 decades. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Examined individuals (n = 1,057) were healthy participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, situated in Dortmund, Germany, who had been asked to collect one yearly 24-hour urine sample. Six thousand seven hundred thirty-seven samples collected from participants aged 3 to 17 years between 1985 (baseline) and 2015, were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES phosphorus intake was examined biomarker-based by analyzed PO4-Ex in 24-hour urine samples. Whether acid-base status and intakes of protein, salt, and fruits and vegetables, may have relevantly contributed to PO4-Ex levels was assessed by determining 24-hour excretions of net acid, urea-nitrogen, and sodium as well as specific standardized excretions of potassium plus oxalate. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Trend analysis over 30 years and potentially influencing diet factors were examined using linear mixed-effect regression models (PROC-MIXED). Adjustments for sex, age, and body surface area were performed. RESULTS No change was identifiable for PO4-Ex over the 3 decades; neither in 3 to 8, 9 to 13, nor in 14 to 17 year olds. However, sodium excretion increased (P = .001). PROC-MIXED analysis on intraindividual changes in PO4-Ex revealed direct relationships with net acid excretion, urea-nitrogen, and sodium excretion and an inverse relationship with a biomarker of fruit and vegetable intake. CONCLUSIONS Despite a direct relationship between PO4-Ex and a biomarker of industrially processed food consumption; that is, sodium excretion, which showed an increasing time trend, phosphorus intake was found to remain stable over decades in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Peixoto Franco
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Yifan Hua
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Remer
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany.
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Jankovic N, Schmitting S, Stutz B, Krüger B, Buyken A, Alexy U. Alignment between timing of 'highest caloric intake' and chronotype in relation to body composition during adolescence: the DONALD Study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:253-265. [PMID: 37863858 PMCID: PMC10799146 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to assess alignment in timing of 'highest caloric intake' with individual chronotype and its association with body composition in adolescents. METHODS We used repeatedly collected data from n = 196 adolescents (age 9-16 years, providing N = 401 yearly questionnaires) of the DONALD open cohort study. Chronotype was assessed by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire from which midpoint of sleep (MSFsc) was derived. A sex- and age-specific diet-chrono-alignment score (DCAS) was calculated as the difference in hours between the chronotype-specific median timing of highest caloric intake of the studied population and the individual timing of 'highest caloric intake' or vice versa. Repeated-measures regression models were applied to study cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the DCAS and body composition, e.g., Fat Mass Index (FMI) or Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI). RESULTS DCAS ranged from -6:42 h to + 8:01 h and was not associated with body composition. Among adolescents with a later chronotype (N = 201) a 1 h increase in DCAS (later consumption of 'highest caloric intake' in comparison to the median intake of that group), increased FFMI by 1.92 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.15, 3.69, p value = 0.04) over a median follow-up of 0.94 year. CONCLUSION Alignment of energy intake with individual chronotype appears beneficial for FFMI among those with a late chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Jankovic
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Sarah Schmitting
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bianca Stutz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Bettina Krüger
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Anette Buyken
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
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Perrar I, Alexy U, Jankovic N. Changes in Total Energy, Nutrients and Food Group Intake among Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Results of the DONALD Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020297. [PMID: 35057478 PMCID: PMC8778042 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic may have changed the habitual lifestyles of children and adolescents, in particular, due to the closure of kindergartens and schools. To investigate the impact of the pandemic on nutrients and food intake of children and adolescents in Germany, we analyzed repeated 3-day weighed dietary records from 108 participants (3–18 years; females: n = 45, males: n = 63) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study. Polynomial mixed-effects regression models were used to identify prospective changes in dietary intake (total energy (TEI), carbohydrates, fat, protein, free sugar, ultra-processed foods, fruits and vegetables, sugar sweetened beverages and juices) before and during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. For the current analysis, we have chosen the first months of the pandemic (March 2020–August 2020), as this was the period with the most restrictions in Germany so far (kindergarten, school and restaurant closures; contact and outdoor activity restrictions). No significant changes in either the selected nutrients or food groups were observed. However, children and adolescents recorded a significantly lower TEI during the pandemic (β = −109.65, p = 0.0062). Results remained significant after the exclusion of participants with under-reported records (β = −95.77, p = 0.0063). While macronutrient intake did not change, descriptive data indicate a non-significant decrease in sugar sweetened beverages and ultra-processed foods intake. We suggest that children and adolescents from high socioeconomic families may have adapted lifestyle changes during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany; (U.A.); (N.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany; (U.A.); (N.J.)
| | - Nicole Jankovic
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany; (U.A.); (N.J.)
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Pinart M, Jeran S, Boeing H, Stelmach-Mardas M, Standl M, Schulz H, Harris C, von Berg A, Herberth G, Koletzko S, Linseisen J, Breuninger TA, Nöthlings U, Barbaresko J, Benda S, Lachat C, Yang C, Gasparini P, Robino A, Rojo-Martínez G, Castaño L, Guillaume M, Donneau AF, Hoge A, Gillain N, Avraam D, Burton PR, Bouwman J, Pischon T, Nimptsch K. Dietary Macronutrient Composition in Relation to Circulating HDL and Non-HDL Cholesterol: A Federated Individual-Level Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from Adolescents and Adults in 8 European Studies. J Nutr 2021; 151:2317-2329. [PMID: 33847346 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between increased dietary fat and decreased carbohydrate intake with circulating HDL and non-HDL cholesterol have not been conclusively determined. OBJECTIVE We assessed these relations in 8 European observational human studies participating in the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) using harmonized data. METHODS Dietary macronutrient intake was recorded using study-specific dietary assessment tools. Main outcome measures were lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations: HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) and non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL). A cross-sectional analysis on 5919 participants (54% female) aged 13-80 y was undertaken using the statistical platform DataSHIELD that allows remote/federated nondisclosive analysis of individual-level data. Generalized linear models (GLM) were fitted to assess associations between replacing 5% of energy from carbohydrates with equivalent energy from total fats, SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with circulating HDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol. GLM were adjusted for study source, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake and BMI. RESULTS The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with total fats or MUFAs was statistically significantly associated with 0.67 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.40, 0.94) or 0.99 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.37, 1.60) higher HDL cholesterol, respectively, but not with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with SFAs or PUFAs was not associated with HDL cholesterol, but SFAs were statistically significantly associated with 1.94 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.08, 3.79) higher non-HDL cholesterol, and PUFAs with -3.91 mg/dL (95% CI: -6.98, -0.84) lower non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. A statistically significant interaction by sex for the association of replacing carbohydrates with MUFAs and non-HDL cholesterol was observed, showing a statistically significant inverse association in males and no statistically significant association in females. We observed no statistically significant interaction by age. CONCLUSIONS The replacement of dietary carbohydrates with fats had favorable effects on lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in European adolescents and adults when fats were consumed as MUFAs or PUFAs but not as SFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pinart
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Jeran
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marie Standl
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Harris
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany.,Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sybille Koletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Helmholtz Centre Munich, Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany.,Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Medical Faculty, Chair of Epidemiology at University Center for Health Sciences at the Klinikum Augsburg (UNIKA-T), Ausburg, Germany
| | | | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janett Barbaresko
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Benda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health-Mother and Child Referral Hospital and Research Institute (IRCCS) "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-Mother and Child Referral Hospital and Research Institute (IRCCS) "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Management Unit (CMU) Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Luís Castaño
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), BioCruces-University Hospital Cruces-The University of the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/Spanish: Universidad del País Vasco [UPV/EHU]), Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Axelle Hoge
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Gillain
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Burton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Research group Microbiology and Systems Biology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC)/Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Biobank, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
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Dam TV, Dalgaard LB, Ringgaard S, Johansen FT, Bisgaard Bengtsen M, Mose M, Lauritsen KM, Ørtenblad N, Gravholt CH, Hansen M. Transdermal Estrogen Therapy Improves Gains in Skeletal Muscle Mass After 12 Weeks of Resistance Training in Early Postmenopausal Women. Front Physiol 2021; 11:596130. [PMID: 33542694 PMCID: PMC7853242 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Women show an accelerated loss of muscle mass around menopause, possibly related to the decline in estrogen. Furthermore, the anabolic response to resistance exercise seems to be hampered in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE We aimed to test the hypothesis that transdermal estrogen therapy (ET) amplifies the skeletal muscle response to resistance training in early postmenopausal women. DESIGN A double-blinded randomized controlled study. SETTING Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-one healthy, untrained postmenopausal women no more than 5 years past menopause. INTERVENTIONS Supervised resistance training with placebo (PLC, n = 16) or transdermal ET (n = 15) for 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome parameter was a cross-sectional area of quadriceps femoris measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and secondary parameters were fat-free mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), muscle strength, and functional tests. RESULTS The increase in muscle cross-sectional area was significantly greater in the ET group (7.9%) compared with the PLC group (3.9%) (p < 0.05). Similarly, the increase in whole-body fat-free mass was greater in the ET group (5.5%) than in the PLC group (2.9%) (p < 0.05). Handgrip strength increased in ET (p < 0.05) but did not change in the PLC group. Muscle strength parameters, jumping height, and finger strength were all improved after the training period with no difference between groups. CONCLUSION The use of transdermal ET enhanced the increase in muscle mass in response to 12 weeks of progressive resistance training in early postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Vrist Dam
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Mads Bisgaard Bengtsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maike Mose
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katrine Meyer Lauritsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Ørtenblad
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Claus H. Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Beckford K, Grimes CA, Margerison C, Riddell LJ, Skeaff SA, West ML, Nowson CA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 24-h urinary output of children and adolescents: impact on the assessment of iodine status using urinary biomarkers. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3113-3131. [PMID: 31784814 PMCID: PMC7501103 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Urinary iodine concentration (UIC (μg/ml) from spot urine samples collected from school-aged children is used to determine the iodine status of populations. Some studies further extrapolate UIC to represent daily iodine intake, based on the assumption that children pass approximately 1 L urine over 24-h, but this has never been assessed in population studies. Therefore, the present review aimed to collate and produce an estimate of the average 24-h urine volume of children and adolescents (> 1 year and < 19 years) from published studies. METHODS EBSCOHOST and EMBASE databases were searched to identify studies which reported the mean 24-h urinary volume of healthy children (> 1 year and < 19 years). The overall mean (95% CI) estimate of 24-h urine volume was determined using a random effects model, broken down by age group. RESULTS Of the 44 studies identified, a meta-analysis of 27 studies, with at least one criterion for assessing the completeness of urine collections, indicated that the mean urine volume of 2-19 year olds was 773 (654, 893) (95% CI) mL/24-h. When broken down by age group, mean (95% CI) 24-h urine volume was 531 mL/day (454, 607) for 2-5 year olds, 771 mL/day (734, 808) for 6-12 year olds, and 1067 mL/day (855, 1279) for 13-19 year olds. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the average urine volume of children aged 2-12 years is less than 1 L, therefore, misclassification of iodine intakes may occur when urine volumes fall below or above 1 L. Future studies utilizing spot urine samples to assess iodine status should consider this when extrapolating UIC to represent iodine intakes of a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Beckford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Carley A Grimes
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Claire Margerison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Lynn J Riddell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Sheila A Skeaff
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, 362 Leith St, North Dunedin, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Madeline L West
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Caryl A Nowson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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8
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Saeki K, Otaki N, Kitagawa M, Tone N, Takachi R, Ishizuka R, Kurumatani N, Obayashi K. Development and validation of nutrient estimates based on a food-photographic record in Japan. Nutr J 2020; 19:104. [PMID: 32948201 PMCID: PMC7501716 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00615-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported that estimates of portion size, energy, and macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fat based on the food-photographic record closely correlate with directly weighed values. However, the correlation based on a large sample of the test meal with the evidence of many nutrients is yet to be determined. We conducted this study to assess the correlation and difference between the food-photographic record and weighed results for 44 nutrients based on a larger number of test meals than those in previous studies. Methods We assessed the nutrients of test meals using a food-photographic record and direct weighing and compared the results of the two methods. Twenty participants prepared a total of 1163 test meals. Each participant cooked 28–29 different kinds of dishes. Five participants cooked the same dish with their own recipes. For the most commonly consumed 41 dishes, 20 participants served a meal with their usual portion size. For the remaining 73 dishes, five participants served a meal with their usual portion size. An independent researcher weighed each ingredient and calculated the nutrients of the test meals. The participants took photographs of the test meals using a digital camera. Two independent, trained analysts measured the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the food area on the photographs of the test meals, compared the portion size with the reference photographs, and calculated the nutrients based on a database that contained reference photographs. Results Rank correlation coefficients between estimates from the food-photographic record of each test meal and weighed results were high for portion size (r = 0.93), energy (r = 0.93), protein (r = 0.90), fat (r = 0.92), and carbohydrate (r = 0.94), and those for the 44 nutrients ranged from 0.78 to 0.94. We found high reproducibility between the two analysts for all the nutrients (r > 0.90). Conclusions We found a high correlation and small difference between the food-photographic record method and weighed results of a large number of nutrients in many test meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Saeki
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Naoto Otaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maiko Kitagawa
- Otemae College of Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Oura clinic, Nara, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tone
- Center for Academic Industrial and Governmental Relations, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Takatori corporation, Nara, Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara, Japan
| | - Rika Ishizuka
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.,Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Contemporary Human Life Science, Tezukayama University, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
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Dalgaard LB, Jørgensen EB, Oxfeldt M, Dalgaard EB, Johansen FT, Karlsson M, Ringgaard S, Hansen M. Influence of Second Generation Oral Contraceptive Use on Adaptations to Resistance Training in Young Untrained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:1801-1809. [PMID: 32694286 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dalgaard, LB, Jørgensen, EB, Oxfeldt, M, Dalgaard, EB, Johansen, FT, Karlsson, M, Ringgaard, S, and Hansen, M. Influence of second generation oral contraceptive use on adaptations to resistance training in young untrained women. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The study purpose was to determine effects of using second generation oral contraceptives (OC) on muscle adaptations to resistance training in young untrained women. Twenty users and 18 nonusers of OC completed a 10-week supervised progressive resistance training program. Before and after the intervention, muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the quadriceps was measured using magnetic resonance imaging and muscle fiber CSA (fCSA) was determined by immunohistochemistry. In addition, body composition (DXA, fat mass/fat-free mass), maximal isometric muscle strength (dynamometry), 5 repetition maximum (5RM) leg press strength, counter movement jump (CMJ) height, and average power using a modified Wingate test were determined. Serum hormone analysis ensured OC compliance and 4-day food records documented dietary intake. After the training period, quadriceps mCSA (OC: 11.0 ± 6.0% vs. non-OC: 9.2 ± 5.0%, p = 0.001), type II fCSA (OC: 19.9 ± 7.9% vs. non-OC: 16.6 ± 7.2%, p = 0.05), muscle strength (knee extension, knee flexion and 5RM, p < 0.001), and functional power (CMJ, AP, p < 0.001) were significantly increased with no significant difference between the groups. However, a tendency toward a greater increase in fat-free mass (FFM) in the OC group was observed (OC: 3.7 ± 3.8% vs. non-OC: 2.7 ± 3.5%, p = 0.08). Collectively, use of second generation OCs in young untrained women did not significantly improve adaptations to 10 weeks of resistance training compared with nonusers. The trend toward greater gains in FFM in the OC group warrant future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line B Dalgaard
- 1Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark; 3Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; and 4The MR Research Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Dalgaard LB, Dalgas U, Andersen JL, Rossen NB, Møller AB, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Jørgensen JO, Kovanen V, Couppé C, Langberg H, Kjær M, Hansen M. Influence of Oral Contraceptive Use on Adaptations to Resistance Training. Front Physiol 2019; 10:824. [PMID: 31312144 PMCID: PMC6614284 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The majority of young women use oral contraceptives (OCs). Use of OCs has been associated with lower myofibrillar protein and tendon collagen synthesis rates, but it is unknown whether OCs will limit the adaptive response of myotendinous tissue to resistance training. Design and Methods: Fourteen healthy untrained young regular OC users (24 ± 1 years, fat% 32 ± 1, 35 ± 2 ml⋅min-1⋅kg-1) and 14 NOC users (non-OC, controls) (24 ± 1 years, fat% 32 ± 2, 34 ± 2 ml⋅min-1⋅kg-1) performed a 10-week supervised lower extremity progressive resistance training program. Before and after the intervention biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle and the patellar tendon were obtained. Muscle (quadriceps) and tendon cross-sectional area (CSA) was determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and muscle fiber CSA was determined by histochemistry. Maximal isometric knee extension strength was assessed by dynamometry while 1 repetition maximum (RM) was determined during knee extension. Results: Training enhanced CSA in both muscle (p < 0.001) and tendon (p < 0.01). A trend toward a greater increase in muscle CSA was observed for OC (11%) compared to NOC (8%) (interaction p = 0.06). Analysis of mean muscle fiber type CSA showed a trend toward an increase in type II muscle fiber area in both groups (p = 0.11, interaction p = 0.98), whereas type I muscle fiber CSA increased in the OC group (n = 9, 3821 ± 197 to 4490 ± 313 mm2, p < 0.05), but not in NOC (n = 7, 4020 ± 348 to 3777 ± 354 mm2, p = 0.40) (interaction p < 0.05). Post hoc analyses indicated that the effect of OCs on muscle mass increase was induced by the OC-users (n = 7), who used OCs containing 30 μg ethinyl estradiol (EE), whereas the response in users taking OCs with 20 μg EE (n = 7) did not differ from NOC. Both the OC and NOC group experienced an increase in maximal knee strength (p < 0.001) and 1RM leg extension (p < 0.001) after the training period with no difference between groups. Conclusion: Use of OCs during a 10-week supervised progressive resistance training program was associated with a trend toward a greater increase in muscle mass and a significantly greater increase in type I muscle fiber area compared to controls. Yet, use of OCs did not influence the overall increase in muscle strength related to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line B Dalgaard
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Andersen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas B Rossen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jens Otto Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vuokko Kovanen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Christian Couppé
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Langberg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,CopenRehab, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Kjær
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Institute of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Diederichs T, Perrar I, Roßbach S, Alexy U, Buyken AE. In adolescence a higher 'eveningness in energy intake' is associated with higher total daily energy intake. Appetite 2018; 128:159-166. [PMID: 29842968 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present manuscript addressed two hypotheses: (i) As children age, energy intake is shifted from morning (energy intake <11am) to evening hours (energy intake >6pm) (ii) A higher 'eveningness in energy intake' (i.e. evening minus morning energy intake) is associated with a higher total daily energy intake. Data were analyzed from 262 DONALD cohort study participants, who had completed at least one 3-day weighed dietary record in the age groups 3/4, 5/6, 7/8, 9/10, 11/12, 13/14, 15/16 and 17/18 years (y). 'Eveningness in energy intake' was compared across age groups and related to total daily energy intake for each age group (multiple cross-sectional analyses). 'Eveningness' increased progressively from age group 3/4y to age group 17/18y. A median surplus of evening energy intake (i.e. when evening intake exceeded morning intake) was firstly observed for age group 11/12y. From age group 11/12y onwards, a higher 'eveningness' was associated with a higher total daily energy intake (all p < 0.04). Difference in total daily energy intake between the highest and the lowest tertile of 'eveningness' was largest for age group 17/18y, amounting to an 11% higher intake among adolescents in the highest as compared to those in the lowest tertile. In conclusion, energy intake progressively shifts from morning to evening hours as children age. Once evening energy intake exceeds morning energy intake, a higher 'eveningness in energy intake' is associated with higher total daily energy intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Diederichs
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany; IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Heinstueck 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Ines Perrar
- IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Heinstueck 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Sarah Roßbach
- IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Heinstueck 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Ute Alexy
- IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Heinstueck 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Anette E Buyken
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany; IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Heinstueck 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany.
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12
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Moore LB, Liu SV, Halliday TM, Neilson AP, Hedrick VE, Davy BM. Urinary Excretion of Sodium, Nitrogen, and Sugar Amounts Are Valid Biomarkers of Dietary Sodium, Protein, and High Sugar Intake in Nonobese Adolescents. J Nutr 2017; 147:2364-2373. [PMID: 28931586 PMCID: PMC5697967 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.256875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Objective indicators of dietary intake (e.g., biomarkers) are needed to overcome the limitations of self-reported dietary intake assessment methods in adolescents. To our knowledge, no controlled feeding studies to date have evaluated the validity of urinary sodium, nitrogen, or sugar excretion as dietary biomarkers in adolescents.Objective: This investigation aimed to evaluate the validity of urinary sodium, nitrogen, and total sugars (TS) excretion as biomarkers for sodium, protein, and added sugars (AS) intake in nonobese adolescents.Methods: In a crossover controlled feeding study design, 33 adolescents [12-18 y of age, 47 ± 25th percentile (mean ± SD) of body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) for age] consumed 5% AS [low added sugars (LAS)] and 25% AS [high added sugars (HAS)] isocaloric, macronutrient-matched (55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, and 15% protein) diets for 7 d each, in a randomly assigned order, with a 4-wk washout period between diets. On the final 2 d of each diet period, 24-h urine samples were collected. Thirty-two adolescents completed all measurements (97% retention).Results: Urinary sodium was not different from the expected 90% recovery (mean ± SD: 88% ± 18%, P = 0.50). Urinary nitrogen was correlated with protein intake (r = 0.69, P < 0.001), although it was below the 80% expected recovery (62% ± 7%, P < 0.001). Urinary TS values were correlated with AS intake during the HAS diet (r = 0.77, P < 0.001) and had a higher R2 value of 0.28 than did AS intake (R2 = 0.36). TS excretion differed between LAS (0.226 ± 0.09 mg/d) and HAS (0.365 ± 0.16 mg/d) feeding periods (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Urinary sodium appears to be a valid biomarker for sodium intake in nonobese adolescents. Urinary nitrogen is associated with protein intake, but nitrogen excretion rates were less than previously reported for adults, possibly owing to adolescent growth rates. TS excretion reflects AS at 25% AS intake and was responsive to the change in AS intake. Thus, urinary biomarkers are promising objective indicators of dietary intake in adolescents, although larger-scale feeding trials are needed to confirm these findings. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02455388.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori B Moore
- Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and
| | - Sarah V Liu
- Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and
| | | | | | | | - Brenda M Davy
- Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and
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13
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Validation of web-based, multiple 24-h recalls combined with nutritional supplement intake questionnaires against nitrogen excretions to determine protein intake in Dutch elite athletes. Br J Nutr 2015; 114:2083-92. [PMID: 26435534 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515003839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Information on dietary composition is vitally important for elite athletes to optimise their performance and recovery, which requires valid tools. The aim of the present study was to investigate the validity of assessing protein intake using three web-based 24-h recalls and questionnaires, by comparing these with three urinary N excretions on the same day. A total of forty-seven Dutch elite top athletes, both disabled and non-disabled, aged between 18 and 35 years, with a BMI of 17·5-31 kg/m2, exercising >12 h/week were recruited. Estimated mean dietary protein intake was 109·6 (sd 33·0) g/d by recalls and questionnaires v. 141·3 (sd 38·2) g/d based on N excretions in urine; the difference was 25·5 (sd 21·3) % between the methods (P<0·05). We found a reasonably good association between methods for protein intake of 0·65 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·79). On an individual level, under-reporting was larger with higher protein intakes than with lower intakes. No significant differences were found in reporting absolute differences between subcategories (sex, under-reporting, BMI, collection of recalls within a certain amount of time and using protein supplements or not). In conclusion, combined, multiple, 24-h recalls and questionnaires underestimated protein intake in these young elite athletes more than that reported for non-athlete populations. The method proved to be suitable for ranking athletes according to their protein intake as needed in epidemiological studies. On an individual level, the magnitude of underestimation was about equal for all athletes except for those with very high protein intakes.
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Günther ALB, Schulze MB, Kroke A, Diethelm K, Joslowski G, Krupp D, Wudy S, Buyken AE. Early Diet and Later Cancer Risk: Prospective Associations of Dietary Patterns During Critical Periods of Childhood with the GH-IGF Axis, Insulin Resistance and Body Fatness in Younger Adulthood. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:877-92. [PMID: 26226486 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1056313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early life, adiposity rebound, and puberty represent critical growth periods when food choices could have long-term relevance for cancer risk. We aimed to relate dietary patterns during these periods to the growth hormone-insulin-like-growth-factor (GH-IGF) axis, insulin resistance, and body fatness in adulthood. Data from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study participants with outcome data at 18-37 years, and ≥2 dietary records during early life (1-2 yr; n = 128), adiposity rebound (4-6 years, n = 179), or puberty (girls 9-14, boys 10-15 yr; n = 213) were used. Dietary patterns at these ages were derived by 1) reduced rank regression (RRR) to explain variation in adult IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fat-mass index; 2) principal component analysis (PCA). Regarding RRR, the patterns "cake/canned fruit/cheese & eggs" (early life), "sweets & dairy" (adiposity rebound) and "high-fat foods" (pubertal boys) were independently associated with higher adult HOMA-IR. Furthermore, the patterns "favorable carbohydrate sources" (early life), "snack & convenience foods" (adiposity rebound), and "traditional & convenience carbohydrates" (pubertal boys) were related to adult IGFBP-3 (P trend < 0.01). PCA identified "healthy" patterns for all periods, but none was associated with the outcomes (P trend > 0.1). In conclusion, dietary patterns during sensitive growth periods may be of long-term relevance for adult insulin resistance and IGFBP-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke L B Günther
- a Department of Nutritional , Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences , Fulda , Germany
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Morimoto Y, Sakuma M, Ohta H, Suzuki A, Matsushita A, Umeda M, Ishikawa M, Taketani Y, Takeda E, Arai H. Estimate of dietary phosphorus intake using 24-h urine collection. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 55:62-6. [PMID: 25120281 PMCID: PMC4078069 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in serum phosphorus levels and dietary phosphorus intake induces vascular calcification, arterial sclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Limiting phosphorus intake is advisable, however, no assessment methods are capable of estimating dietary phosphorus intake. We hypothesized that urinary phosphorus excretion can be translated into estimation of dietary phosphorus intake, and we evaluated whether a 24-h urine collection method could estimate dietary phosphorus intake. Thirty two healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Subjects collected urine samples over 24 h and weighed dietary records. We calculated dietary protein intake and phosphorus intake from dietary records and urine collection, and investigated associations between the two methods in estimating protein and phosphorus intake. Significant positive correlations were observed between dietary records and UC for protein and phosphorus intake. The average intakes determined from dietary records were significantly higher than from urine collection for both protein and phosphorus. There was a significant positive correlation between both the phosphorus and protein difference in dietary records and urine collection. The phosphorus-protein ratio in urine collection was significantly higher than in dietary records. Our data indicated that the 24-h urine collection method can estimate the amount of dietary phosphorus intake, and the results were superior to estimation by weighed dietary record.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuka Morimoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Masae Sakuma
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Akitsu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Asami Matsushita
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minako Umeda
- School of Nursing Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishikawa
- School of Nursing Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Arai
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Prospective relevance of dietary patterns at the beginning and during the course of primary school to the development of body composition. Br J Nutr 2014; 111:1488-98. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513004017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Primary school years seem to represent a critical period for the development of overweight and obesity. However, only a few studies have analysed the prospective relationship between dietary patterns and weight status in children. The aims of the present study were to identify dietary patterns at the beginning of and during the primary school period and to examine their relevance to the development of body composition. Nutritional and anthropometric data from 371 participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study at the beginning (ages 6 and 7 years) and end (ages 10 and 11 years) of the primary school period were used. Principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to identify dietary patterns, which were regressed on changes in BMI and fat mass index (FMI) between ages 6 and 7 years and ages 10 and 11 years. Reduced rank regression (RRR) was used to directly extract patterns explaining variation in changes in BMI and FMI between ages 6 and 7 years and ages 10 and 11 years. PCA yielded interpretable patterns of dietary changes at the beginning of and during the primary school period, which were not related to changes in body composition. Conversely, RRR allowed identifying predictive patterns: higher baseline intakes of white bread and lower baseline intakes of whole-grain products as well as increases in the consumption of savoury snacks, sausages and cheese during primary school years independently predicted increases in BMI and FMI during the primary school period. In conclusion, selection of unfavourable carbohydrate sources at the beginning of the primary school period and increases in the consumption of processed savoury foods during primary school years may adversely affect the development of body composition during the course of primary school.
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Assmann KE, Joslowski G, Buyken AE, Cheng G, Remer T, Kroke A, Günther ALB. Prospective association of protein intake during puberty with body composition in young adulthood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:E782-9. [PMID: 23788493 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of habitual animal and plant protein intake during the potentially critical period of puberty with body composition in young adulthood. DESIGN AND METHODS Multivariable regression analyses were performed on data from 140 female and 122 male participants of the DONALD Study with ≥2 3-day weighed dietary records during puberty (girls 9-14 years; boys 10-15 years) and anthropometric measurements in young adulthood (18-25 years). Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were estimated from four skinfolds. RESULTS In women, a higher pubertal animal protein consumption was independently related to higher levels of FFMI (ptrend = 0.001), but not to FMI (ptrend = 0.5). Adjusted means of FFMI in energy-adjusted tertiles of animal protein intake were 15.3 (95% confidence interval: 15.0, 15.5), 15.4 (15.1, 15.7), 16.2 (15.9, 16.6) kg/m(2) . In men, a higher animal protein intake was related to a higher FFMI (ptrend = 0.04) and a lower FMI (ptrend = 0.001) only after adjusting FFMI for current FMI levels and vice versa. Plant protein was not associated with body composition among either sex. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that a higher pubertal animal protein consumption may yield a higher fat-free mass in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Assmann
- IEL-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Germany
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Windey K, De Preter V, Louat T, Schuit F, Herman J, Vansant G, Verbeke K. Modulation of protein fermentation does not affect fecal water toxicity: a randomized cross-over study in healthy subjects. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52387. [PMID: 23285019 PMCID: PMC3527498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein fermentation results in production of metabolites such as ammonia, amines and indolic, phenolic and sulfur-containing compounds. In vitro studies suggest that these metabolites might be toxic. However, human and animal studies do not consistently support these findings. We modified protein fermentation in healthy subjects to assess the effects on colonic metabolism and parameters of gut health, and to identify metabolites associated with toxicity. DESIGN After a 2-week run-in period with normal protein intake (NP), 20 healthy subjects followed an isocaloric high protein (HP) and low protein (LP) diet for 2 weeks in a cross-over design. Protein fermentation was estimated from urinary p-cresol excretion. Fecal metabolite profiles were analyzed using GC-MS and compared using cluster analysis. DGGE was used to analyze microbiota composition. Fecal water genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were determined using the Comet assay and the WST-1-assay, respectively, and were related to the metabolite profiles. RESULTS Dietary protein intake was significantly higher during the HP diet compared to the NP and LP diet. Urinary p-cresol excretion correlated positively with protein intake. Fecal water cytotoxicity correlated negatively with protein fermentation, while fecal water genotoxicity was not correlated with protein fermentation. Heptanal, 3-methyl-2-butanone, dimethyl disulfide and 2-propenyl ester of acetic acid are associated with genotoxicity and indole, 1-octanol, heptanal, 2,4-dithiapentane, allyl-isothiocyanate, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-benzene, propionic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid and decanoic acid with cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION This study does not support a role of protein fermentation in gut toxicity. The identified metabolites can provide new insight into colonic health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01280513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Windey
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vicky De Preter
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Louat
- Interface Valorisation Platform, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frans Schuit
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean Herman
- Interface Valorisation Platform, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Vansant
- Department of Nutrition–Public Health Medicine, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristin Verbeke
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leven Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relative validity of a 3 d estimated food record (EFR) used to assess energy and nutrient intakes in toddlers, using a 3 d weighed food record (WDR) as the reference method.DesignParents reported the food and beverage intakes of their children using an EFR concurrently with a WDR over three consecutive days. Estimation of mean differences, Spearman correlation coefficients, cross-classifications and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between the intakes of energy and fourteen nutrients obtained from the EFR and the WDR.SettingData obtained from a representative sample of infants or toddlers in Germany.SubjectsSixty-seven toddlers aged 10–36 months who had completed an EFR for a 3 d recording period that corresponded to the WDR were included in the present analysis.ResultsEnergy and nutrient intakes did not differ between the EFR and the WDR, except for linoleic acid and retinol. For all dietary intakes, Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the EFR and the WDR ranged from 0·35 to 0·80 (P ≤ 0·004). The proportion of participants correctly classified into quartiles ranged from 75 % for ascorbic acid intake to 96 % for Fe intake, and the percentage of misclassification was 9 % or less. The weighed κ values ranking the participants ranged from 0·23 for ascorbic acid intake to 0·59 for Fe intake. The Bland–Altman plots indicated a good agreement for all dietary intakes estimated from the EFR.ConclusionsOur study suggests that this EFR is a valid assessment instrument for estimating the energy and nutrient intakes among toddlers at the group level.
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Krupp D, Doberstein N, Shi L, Remer T. Hippuric acid in 24-hour urine collections is a potential biomarker for fruit and vegetable consumption in healthy children and adolescents. J Nutr 2012; 142:1314-20. [PMID: 22623390 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.159319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An objective noninvasive biomarker for fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption would help to more reliably characterize the relationship between FV intake and health status in observational studies. Because increases in urinary hippuric acid (HA) were observed after consumption of several FV varieties, we aimed to investigate whether 24-h urinary HA may represent a potential biomarker for FV consumption in children and adolescents. The association of FV and juice (FVJ) intake calculated from 3-d weighed dietary records with 24-h urinary HA excretion was analyzed in 240 healthy children and adolescents and compared with associations of the established biomarkers urinary nitrogen (uN) and urinary potassium (uK) with protein and potassium intake, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and cross-classifications were calculated for all diet-biomarker associations. Potential confounders for the HA-FVJ association were examined in linear regression models. In children, correlations of HA with FVJ (r = 0.62), uN with protein (r = 0.64), and potassium intake with uK (r = 0.65) were comparable. In adolescents, the HA-FVJ association was weaker (r = 0.41) compared with the biomarkers uN (r = 0.60) and uK (r = 0.58) (all P < 0.0001). Cross-classification into the same/adjacent quartile by dietary and urinary data were >85% for all analyzed comparisons except for a 75% classification agreement between HA and FVJ in adolescents. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models indicated significant (P < 0.0001) HA-FVJ associations in both age groups. FVJ explained more of the variability in HA excretion in children (R(2) = 0.38) than in adolescents (R(2) = 0.22). Our findings in children showing HA-FVJ associations comparable to those for well-established biomarkers with their respective dietary intakes suggest that HA may represent a useful biomarker for FVJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika Krupp
- DONALD Study at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Dortmund, Germany.
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Waizenegger J, Castriglia S, Winkler G, Schneider R, Ruge W, Kersting M, Alexy U, Lachenmeier DW. Caffeine Exposure in Children and Adolescents Consuming Ready-to-Drink Coffee Products. JOURNAL OF CAFFEINE RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1089/jcr.2011.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Waizenegger
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Silvio Castriglia
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gertrud Winkler
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Schneider
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Winfried Ruge
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Ute Alexy
- Forschungsinstitut für Kinderernährung Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk W. Lachenmeier
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Validation of protein and potassium intakes assessed from 24 h recalls against levels estimated from 24 h urine samples in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany: results from the EVET! Study. Public Health Nutr 2011; 15:640-7. [PMID: 22017884 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980011002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nutrition-related health problems such as obesity are frequent among children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany, yet data on their dietary habits are scarce. One reason might be the lack of validated assessment tools for this target group. We therefore aimed to validate protein and K intakes from one 24 h recall against levels estimated from one 24 h urine sample in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses comprised estimation of mean differences, Pearson correlation coefficients, cross-classifications and Bland-Altman plots to assess the agreement between the nutritional intake estimated from a single 24 h recall and a single 24 h urine sample collected on the previous day. SETTING Dortmund, Germany. SUBJECTS Data from forty-three study participants (aged 5-18 years; 26% overweight) with a traditional Turkish background were included. RESULTS The 24 h recall significantly overestimated mean protein and K intake by 10·7 g/d (95% CI of mean difference: 0·6, 20·7 g/d) and 344 mg/d (95% CI 8, 680 mg/d), respectively. Correlations between intake estimates were r = 0·25 (P = 0·1) and 0·31 (P = 0·05). Both methods classified 70% and 69% of the participants into the same/adjacent quartile of protein and K intake and misclassified 7% and 7%, respectively, into the opposite quartile. Bland-Altman plots indicated a wide scattering of differences in both protein and K intake. CONCLUSIONS Among children and adolescents of traditional Turkish descent living in Germany, one 24 h recall may only be valid for categorizing subjects into high, medium or low consumers.
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Trends in dietary carbohydrate quality during puberty from 1988 to 2007: a cause for concern? Br J Nutr 2010; 104:1375-83. [PMID: 20591208 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510002278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The extent to which the quality of dietary carbohydrates (CHO) changes throughout puberty is not known. We analysed trends in the quantity and quality of CHO intake among German adolescents by separately examining trends during puberty (pubertal trends) and trends in CHO intake from 1988 to 2007 (secular trends). Linear mixed-effects regression analyses were performed in 216 participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study who had provided weighed 3 d dietary records at the onset of the pubertal growth spurt (defined by age at take-off) and over the subsequent 4 years. Over the course of puberty, CHO quality changed little: added sugar intake from beverages increased in girls (0·25 (se 0·12) % energy (% E)/year, P = 0·04) and added sugar intake from sweets decreased in both sexes (boys: - 0·22 (se 0·11) % E/year, P = 0·049; girls: - 0·20 (se 0·10) % E/year, P = 0·04). For both sexes, significant upward secular trends were observed for CHO (% E), glycaemic load (g/MJ) and added sugar intakes from sources other than sweets and soft drinks (% E), while absolute fibre intake (g/d) decreased (P ≤ 0·04). Concomitant increases in total added sugar intake (% E) and decreases in fibre and whole-grain densities (g/MJ) (P = 0·001-0·02) were confined to boys only. The quality of dietary CHO consumed by healthy German adolescents shows notable secular declines, but does not change markedly during puberty. Public health initiatives should be tailored to improve the overall quality of CHO nutrition.
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