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Mukoma G, Wrottesley SV, Kagura J, Oni T, Micklesfield L, Norris SA. The relationships between socioeconomic status, dietary knowledge and patterns, and physical activity with adiposity in urban South African women. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2022.2076374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gudani Mukoma
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephanie V Wrottesley
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Juliana Kagura
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Tolu Oni
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Research Initiative for Cities Health and Equity, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lisa Micklesfield
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shane A Norris
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Institute for Developmental Science and Global Health Research Institute, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Andias R, Silva AG. Impact of sex, sleep, symptoms of central sensitization and psychosocial factors in adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain-an exploratory study. PAIN MEDICINE 2022; 23:1777-1792. [PMID: 35389479 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore and compare the association between psychosocial factors, sleep, central sensitization, and chronic neck, back, limbs, and multiregional pain and disability. METHODS 1730 adolescents responded to an online questionnaire containing: sociodemographic data, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Functional Disability Inventory, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Basic Scale on Insomnia Complaints and Quality of Sleep, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Child Self-Efficacy Scale and Central Sensitization Inventory. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis was used to assess the associations between these variables and pain and disability. RESULTS Groups were categorized into neck (n = 54), back (n = 80), upper limb (n = 52), lower limb (n = 109) and multiregional (n = 1140) pain. Multivariable analysis showed that symptoms of central sensitization increased odds of neck, back, and multiregional pain; depression, anxiety and stress, and physical activity increased odds of multiregional pain; and fear of movement increased odds of lower limb pain. Female gender increased the odds of pain in all groups, except in the lower limb group. Depression, anxiety, and stress also remained associated with disability in neck, back, upper limb, and multiregional pain; poorer sleep remained associated with disability in neck, upper limb, and multiregional pain; catastrophizing remained associated with back, and multiregional pain; and fear of movement and symptoms of central sensitization were only associated with disability in multiregional pain. CONCLUSIONS There are similar but also different variables associated with the presence of pain and disability in the neck, back, limbs, and multiregional pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Andias
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3800-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Piso 2, Edifício nascente, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela G Silva
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3800-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,CINTESIS.RISE@UA, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3800-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Andias R, Silva AG. The Onset of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in High School Adolescents: Associated Factors and the Role of Symptoms of Central Sensitization. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6478902. [PMID: 34939105 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between sociodemographic data, physical activity, depression, anxiety, and stress, sleep, and self-reported symptoms of central sensitization at baseline, in asymptomatic adolescents, and the onset of pain at 6-months follow-up. METHODS A total of 252 asymptomatic adolescents were assessed at baseline with an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents; the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale for Children; the Basic Scale on Insomnia complaints and Quality of Sleep; and the Central Sensitization Inventory. The same questionnaire was repeated at 6-months follow-up. RESULTS Of the 231 (91.7%) adolescents who completed the questionnaire at the follow-up, 127 (55.0%) remained asymptomatic and 88 (38.1%) reported a new onset of pain. At the 6-month follow-up, the mean (SD) number of painful body sites was 1.81 (1.04), and the neck region was the most reported (n = 29, 33%). Multivariable analysis showed that being female (OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.28-4.27) and reporting more self-reported symptoms of central sensitization (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01-1.07) were associated with the onset of chronic pain at follow-up. CONCLUSION Female sex and self-reported symptoms of central sensitization were considered risk factors for the onset of pain in adolescents but should be further explored in future studies. IMPACT Considering the increasing prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, understanding the factors that may be associated with its new onset may help to better design preventive strategies and thus minimize the appearance of this type of pain in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Andias
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Gonçalves Silva
- School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS.UA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8111044. [PMID: 34828758 PMCID: PMC8621138 DOI: 10.3390/children8111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in children and adolescents is a public health problem and diet can play a major role in this condition. We aimed to identify sex-specific dietary patterns (DP) and to evaluate the association with overweight/obesity in European adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with 2327 adolescents aged between 12.5 to 17.5 years from a multicenter study across Europe. The body mass index was categorized in “normal weight” and “overweight/obesity”. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls were collected with a computerized self-reported software. Principal component factor analysis was used to identify DP. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the sex-specific DP and overweight/obesity outcome. As a result, we found three DP in boys (snacking and bread, Mediterranean diet, and breakfast) and four DP in girls (convenience, plant-based and eggs, Western, and breakfast). The association between DP and overweight/obesity highlights that those adolescents with higher adherence to the breakfast DP had lower odds for overweight/obesity, even after the inclusion of covariables in the adjustments. In European adolescents, the breakfast DP positively characterized by breakfast cereals, fruit, milk, and dairy and negatively characterized by sugar-sweetened beverages in boys and negatively characterized by cereals (pasta, rice, and others) in girls, was inversely associated with overweight/obesity.
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Predictors of pain persistence and disability in high-school students with chronic neck pain at 6-month follow-up. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:803-816. [PMID: 34487312 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain tends to persist for periods of 1 to 4 years of follow-up in adolescents, and a high percentage of them report disability. However, studies assessing the factors associated with persistent neck pain and disability in this age group are scarce. This study aimed to explore the association between psychosocial factors, sleep, and symptoms of central sensitization at baseline and the persistence of neck pain and disability at 6-month follow-up. METHODS A total of 710 adolescents with chronic neck pain were assessed at baseline with an online questionnaire that collected information on sociodemographic data, presence of musculoskeletal pain, pain intensity, physical activity, functional disability, depression, anxiety, stress, quality of sleep, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and symptoms of central sensitization. At 6-month follow-up, adolescents were reassessed for disability and pain intensity and categorized as recovered or reporting persistent neck pain. RESULTS Of the 710 participants with neck pain at baseline, 334 were classified as having persistent neck pain and 375 adolescents as being recovered at 6-month follow-up. Multivariable analysis showed that female gender (OR 1.47; p = 0.04) and symptoms of central sensitization (OR 1.02; p = 0.001) at baseline were positively associated with the persistence of neck pain at 6-month follow-up. Similarly, higher levels of disability (β = 0.41; p < 0.001) and symptoms of central sensitization (β = 0.28; p < 0.001) at the baseline were positively associated with disability. CONCLUSIONS Symptoms of central sensitization and disability at baseline should be considered in the assessment and design of interventions for adolescents with chronic neck pain as an attempt to minimize its future impact on pain persistence and disability.
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[Healthy habits in childhood and adolescence in rural areas. A descriptive and comparative study]. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:1217-1223. [PMID: 34431305 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the promotion of healthy lifestyles for health care is a priority in the European Union, and the acquisition of these habits begins during childhood. OBJECTIVES to know the eating, sleep, physical activity and sedentary leisure habits, body image, and body mass index percentile among children and adolescents in Castile-La Mancha, Spain. To explore potential differences between children and adolescents in the measured variables. METHOD this was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with 293 subjects. INSTRUMENTS scale and stadimeter for anthropometric measurements, and items chosen from the Cantabrian Network of Health Promoting Schools and Schools for Health in Europe. RESULTS a high percentage of children and adolescents report having inadequate eating habits, with significant differences in the omission of breakfast (F = 6.820; p = 0.009; η2 = 0.023) and in the consumption of fish (F = 8.901; p = 0.003; η2 = 0.030); this was worse among adolescents, where 35.4 % say they do not eat breakfast compared to 21.4 % of children, and 57.3 % say they never eat fish or only do so once a week, compared to 41.1 % of children. Regarding sleep, there are significant differences between children and adolescents (F = 69.70; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.193), with the latter also having the worst results since 28.1 % of adolescents report sleeping less than 7 hours a day, compared with 8.6 % of children. It is worth mentioning the short amount of time devoted to intense physical activity and the declaration of lack of time as perceived barrier to physical activity, reported by 49 % of adolescents and 27.5 % of children. Lastly, sedentary leisure at both stages stands out, with 78.2 % of adolescents and 44.6 % of children spending more than three hours a day watching television, and 74 % of adolescents and 28 % of children playing more than three hours with different technologies. CONCLUSIONS this study shows that adolescents have poorer healthy habits than children in rural areas. The need to increase programs for the development and promotion of healthy lifestyles devoted to younger children and developed by the various agencies responsible for health care is highlighted.
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Nikitara K, Odani S, Demenagas N, Rachiotis G, Symvoulakis E, Vardavas C. Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in adults across 28 European countries. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:840-845. [PMID: 34000007 PMCID: PMC8504996 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity/inactivity is impacted by a plethora of intertwined factors. There are a limited number of studies on physical activity/inactivity that provide a European cross-country perspective. This study aims to present the prevalence and correlates of physical activity in adults across the 28 European Union (EU) member states. Methods This is a secondary dataset analysis of the Special Eurobarometer 472 data on physical activity. The cross-sectional survey was conducted during December 2–11 in 2017 across 28 European countries. The data consisted of ∼1000 respondents aged ≧15 years per country. The current analysis was restricted to adults aged 18–64 years (n = 19 645). Results More than one in three (36.2%, 95% CI: 35.1–37.3) adults in the EU were physically inactive, with substantial cross-country differences noted. Women were less likely than men to be adequately or highly physically active (aOR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95). Similarly, adults at the age of 40–54 (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52–0.81) and 55–64 (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49–0.77) were less likely to have moderate or high levels of physical activity in comparison with those 18–24 years of age. Finally, high SES was positively associated with physical activity (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.16–1.69). Conclusions A notable percentage of adults in Europe are physically inactive. Further research is needed to elucidate the factors behind the cross-country differences and identify potential policy actions that may support adopting a physically active lifestyle and decrease the inequalities related to physical activity across Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satomi Odani
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - George Rachiotis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Constantine Vardavas
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Correspondence: C. Vardavas, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete 71003, Greece, Tel: +30 6937281680, Fax: 2810-542098, e-mail:
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Kepper MM, Walsh-Bailey C, Brownson RC, Kwan BM, Morrato EH, Garbutt J, de las Fuentes L, Glasgow RE, Lopetegui MA, Foraker R. Development of a Health Information Technology Tool for Behavior Change to Address Obesity and Prevent Chronic Disease Among Adolescents: Designing for Dissemination and Sustainment Using the ORBIT Model. Front Digit Health 2021; 3:648777. [PMID: 34713122 PMCID: PMC8521811 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2021.648777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Health information technology (HIT) has not been broadly adopted for use in outpatient healthcare settings to effectively address obesity in youth, especially among disadvantaged populations that face greater barriers to good health. A well-designed HIT tool can deliver behavior change recommendations and provide community resources to address this gap, and the Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials (ORBIT) model can guide its development and refinement. This article reports the application of the ORBIT model to (1) describe the characteristics and design of a novel HIT tool (the PREVENT tool) using behavioral theory, (2) illustrate the use of stakeholder-centered "designing for dissemination and sustainability" principles, and (3) discuss the practical implications and directions for future research. Two types of stakeholder engagement (customer discovery and user testing) were conducted with end users (outpatient healthcare teams). Customer discovery interviews (n = 20) informed PREVENT tool components and intervention targets by identifying (1) what healthcare teams (e.g., physicians, dietitians) identified as their most important "jobs to be done" in helping adolescents who are overweight/obese adopt healthy behaviors, (2) their most critical "pains" and "gains" related to overweight/obesity treatment, and (3) how they define success compared to competing alternatives. Interviews revealed the need for a tool to help healthcare teams efficiently deliver tailored, evidence-based behavior change recommendations, motivate patients, and follow-up with patients within the constraints of clinic schedules and workflows. The PREVENT tool was developed to meet these needs. It facilitates prevention discussions, delivers tailored, evidence-based recommendations for physical activity and food intake, includes an interactive map of community resources to support behavior change, and automates patient follow-up. Based on Self-Determination Theory, the PREVENT tool engages the patient to encourage competence and autonomy to motivate behavior change. The use of this intentional, user-centered design process should increase the likelihood of the intended outcomes (e.g., behavior change, weight stabilization/loss) and ultimately increase uptake, implementation success, and long-term results. After initial tool development, user-testing interviews (n = 13) were conducted using a think-aloud protocol that provided insight into users' (i.e., healthcare teams) cognitive processes, attitudes, and challenges when using the tool. Overall, the PREVENT tool was perceived to be useful, well-organized, and visually appealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura M. Kepper
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Callie Walsh-Bailey
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ross C. Brownson
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bethany M. Kwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elaine H. Morrato
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Jane Garbutt
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Russell E. Glasgow
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marcelo A. Lopetegui
- Centro de Informática Biomédica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Randi Foraker
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Center for Population Health Informatics, Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Duclos M, Lacomme P, Lambert C, Pereira B, Ren L, Fleury G, Ovigneur H, Deschamps T, Fearnbach N, Vanhelst J, Toussaint JF, Thivel D. Is physical fitness associated with the type of attended school? A cross-sectional analysis among 20.000 adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:404-411. [PMID: 33687178 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While academic achievement has been associated with physical activity, the present work questions the potential association between the physical fitness level of adolescents and the type of school they attend, ranging from academic to technical schools. METHODS 20,228 young French students from 76 schools (9,196 females), mean age 15.8±1.8 years, performed the Diagnoform© test. This dataset includes two higher education institutions (n=870), 37 general high schools (n=13,125), 18 professional-oriented high schools (n=3,569), 5 agricultural high schools (n=132), 2 vocational training centers (n=202) and 12 rural vocational training centers (n=1,137). RESULTS In higher education institutions and general high schools, girls showed better performances for all physical tests. A decreasing Quotient of overall Physical fitness Condition (QPC) was observed for both genders from urban higher education schools to rural and technical institutions (p<0.001). The proportion of total variance accounting for within institution variation is strong (intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) 0.20 [0.15; 0.27] for QPC). CONCLUSIONS The lower physical fitness level observed here among students from technical or training schools places them at higher risks for the development of future chronic diseases. These results suggest that specific interventions are needed depending on the educational setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University-Hospital (CHU), G.Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UFR Médecine, BP 10448, Clermont University, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Celine Lambert
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Libo Ren
- Clermont University, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jérémy Vanhelst
- U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,Clinical Investigation Center, University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403, Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Toussaint
- CIMS, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, IRMES, INSEP, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, Paris, France
| | - David Thivel
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France - .,EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Evolution of the Habits of Physical Activity and Television Viewing in Spanish Children and Pre-Adolescents between 1997 and 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186836. [PMID: 32962116 PMCID: PMC7558877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Promoting healthy lifestyles in children, has become a priority for public health institutions. However, electronic devices with screens encourage sedentary behaviors. The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of the habits of physical activity practice and television watching in a cohort of 20 years of research in Spanish children. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was based on data from the Spain National Health Surveys between 1997 and 2017 (N = 11,444). The dependent variables considered were the frequency with which the minor practiced physical activity (PA) in his/her spare time, the daily TV viewing habit, and the daily hours of TV viewing. Results: The children who practiced physical activity daily has decreased 7.3% throughout the study period. The proportion of children who watched the television daily for more hours increased significantly (6.3%). Such increase was constant throughout the years, and the analysis by sex showed that the proportion of boys who watched television for more than three hours per day increased three percent, and that of girls increased fourfold. Conclusions: The habits of physical activity practice and television viewing have changed towards sedentary lifestyle. Particularly, the girls and the children between 12 and 14 years showed the most sedentary behavior. Public health policies must consider the differences between sexes in order for such interventions to be effective in the population of pre-adolescents, in general, and girls, in particular.
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Mehtälä A, Villberg J, Blomqvist M, Huotari P, Jaakkola T, Koski P, Lintunen T, Mononen K, Ng K, Palomäki S, Sääkslahti A, Tammelin T, Vasankari T, Kokko S. Individual- and environmental-related correlates of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old Finnish children. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234686. [PMID: 32555590 PMCID: PMC7302665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the associations of various individual- and environmental-related factors with subgroups of daily, frequent, moderate and low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children and adolescents. Data were obtained from the Finnish School-age Physical Activity (FSPA) study 2016 from 4677 national representative 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old children and adolescents. MVPA and individual- and environmental-related factors were assessed by a questionnaire and analyzed by two-level logistic regression. Seventeen of the twenty-one variables were statistically significantly associated with MVPA. However, only three variables were statistically significant in all MVPA subgroups, whereby self-directed PA at least twice a week, fewer perceived barriers, and higher peer support increased the odds of participating in more MVPA. The results from this study showed essential differences among the MVPA subgroups, also supporting previous findings, whereby various individual- and environmental-based factors are associated with children and adolescents’ levels of MVPA. Challenges to designing and implementing effective interventions are based on the need to account for individual differences within the population, as well as the varied connections between PA with different social and physical environments where children and adolescents’ PA takes place. PA interventions with various actions at multiple levels are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anette Mehtälä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Minna Blomqvist
- KIHU – Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pertti Huotari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Jaakkola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pasi Koski
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
| | - Taru Lintunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisu Mononen
- KIHU – Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sanna Palomäki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Sääkslahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- Urho Kaleva Kekkonen Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Active Commuting, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Adolescents from Spain: Findings from the ANIBES Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17020668. [PMID: 31968634 PMCID: PMC7014153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Active commuting (AC) has been proposed as a great opportunity to increase physical activity level (PA) in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study is to determine the associations between AC (walk and cycle commuting) and non-AC (motor vehicle commuting) with PA levels, and with AC and sedentarism in Spanish children and adolescents. A representative Spanish sample of 424 children and adolescents (38% females) was involved in the ANIBES (Anthropometry, Dietary Intake and Lifestyle in Spain) Study in 2013. Data on the levels of AC, non-AC, PA, and sedentarism were obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for adolescents. Stepwise backward univariate generalized linear and linear regression models were performed. In girls, walking was associated with playground PA, moderate PA, and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (β = 0.007, p < 0.05; both β = 0.007, p < 0.01), respectively. In boys, walking was associated with all PA levels (p < 0.05); while cycling was related to moderate PA and MVPA (both β = 0.007, p < 0.05). A negative significant association was observed between AC and time spent studying without Internet use in boys (β = −0.184, p < 0.05). Commuting by walking contributes to increased daily PA in both sexes, whereas cycling was only related to moderate PA and MVPA in boys. Sedentary behaviors are not related to AC, but studying without Internet use was negatively associated with AC in boys.
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Alzamil HA, Alhakbany MA, Alfadda NA, Almusallam SM, Al-Hazzaa HM. A Profile of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviors, Sleep, and Dietary Habits of Saudi College Female Students. J Family Community Med 2019; 26:1-8. [PMID: 30697098 PMCID: PMC6335843 DOI: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_58_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported valid comprehensive data on lifestyle habits of Saudi college females. In addition, studies on sedentary behaviors (SBs) and the duration of sleep of Saudi college students are rare. Saudi females appear to be less physically active and therefore, at a higher risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate lifestyle patterns of Saudi college females, including physical activity (PA), SBs, duration of sleep, and dietary habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among females attending health science colleges of King Saud University, using multistage stratified cluster sample (n = 456). Weight, height, PA, SB, sleep, and dietary habits were all assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. RESULTS: Nearly half of the college females were physically inactive. Females exercised mostly at home or alone at no specific time of day. Their activity was for health reasons (43.4%) for weight loss (28.7%); lack of time (71.2%) was the primary reason for inactivity. The majority (>85%) of females spent more time in sedentary activity (>3 h/day) while 95% of females had insufficient sleep (<8 h/night). Over 40% of the participants consumed breakfast or vegetables 5 days or more per week, whereas the corresponding proportions for fruit and milk/dairy products intake were 19.4% and 58.4%, respectively. The proportions of college females who consumed less healthy foods for 3+ days/week were fairly variable, ranging from 21.1% for French fries to 60.4% for chocolates/candy. The predictors of total PA time were increased the duration of sleep and reduced intake of French fries/potato chips. CONCLUSIONS: Unhealthy lifestyle habit appears prevalent among Saudi college females. Efforts toward promoting PA, decreasing SB, and insufficient sleep and improving dietary habits in Saudi females are needed to reduce future risks of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana A Alzamil
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manan A Alhakbany
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A Alfadda
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M Almusallam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Smith MP, Standl M, Berdel D, von Berg A, Bauer CP, Schikowski T, Koletzko S, Lehmann I, Krämer U, Heinrich J, Schulz H. Handgrip strength is associated with improved spirometry in adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194560. [PMID: 29641533 PMCID: PMC5894972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary rehabilitation, including aerobic exercise and strength training, improves function, such as spirometric indices, in lung disease. However, we found spirometry did not correlate with physical activity (PA) in healthy adolescents (Smith ERJ: 42(4), 2016). To address whether muscle strength did, we measured these adolescents’ handgrip strength and correlated it with spirometry. Methods In 1846 non-smoking, non-asthmatic Germans (age 15.2 years, 47% male), we modeled spirometric indices as functions of handgrip strength by linear regression in each sex, corrected for factors including age, height, and lean body mass. Results Handgrip averaged 35.4 (SD 7.3) kg in boys, 26.6 (4.2) in girls. Spirometric volumes and flows increased linearly with handgrip. In boys each kg handgrip was associated with about 28 mL greater FEV1 and FVC; 60 mL/sec faster PEF; and 38 mL/sec faster FEF2575. Effects were 10–30% smaller in girls (all p<0.0001) and stable when Z-scores for spirometry and grip were modeled, after further correction for environment and/or other exposures, and consistent across stages of puberty. Conclusions Grip strength was associated with spirometry in a cohort of healthy adolescents whose PA was not. Thus, research into PA’s relationship with lung function should consider strength as well as total PA. Strength training may benefit healthy lungs; interventions are needed to prove causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Phillips Smith
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, St. George’s University, Grenada, West Indies
- * E-mail:
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Department Umweltimmunologie / Core Facility Studien Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung–UFZ Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ursula Krämer
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
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Murang ZR, Tuah N, Naing L. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards eating and physical activity among primary school children in Brunei: a cross-sectional study. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0118/ijamh-2017-0118.xml. [PMID: 29190212 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity has become a global public health crisis. Many studies have been conducted to explore the knowledge, attitude and practices towards eating and physical activity amongst parents and healthcare workers. However, very little is known amongst children. It is imperative to understand these factors as they have been associated with obesity among children. Objective This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of Bruneian children towards eating and physical activity, in order to identify the factors that influence the development of obesity. Methods The study involved 353 children from four primary schools in Brunei. The data collection tool used was modified validated questionnaires with sections on demographic characteristic, knowledge about obesity, eating habits and physical activity. Results The majority of children (>60%) had good knowledge of obesity and intake of healthy food, but, 84.2% lacked knowledge on the required daily servings of fruits and vegetables. 68.8% purchased food and beverages from their school canteen. 93.8% were aware about the health benefits of physical activity and 70.2% spent only 1-2 h of screen time per day, however, 46.9% did not meet the recommended amount of physical activity although they reported to have performed enough. This suggested that a comprehensive education on food intake requirements and physical activity are necessary in order to better educate children. Conclusion Health educators and public health professionals may find our findings useful in order to plan and develop tailored interventions for children, as well as better promotion of a healthy lifestyle to children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaidah Rizidah Murang
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | - Naa Tuah
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Negara Brunei Darussalam.,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lin Naing
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Negara Brunei Darussalam
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Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Marcos A, Diaz LE, Gomez S, Nova E, Michels N, Arouca A, González-Gil E, Frederic G, González-Gross M, Castillo MJ, Manios Y, Kersting M, Gunter MJ, De Henauw S, Antonios K, Widhalm K, Molnar D, Moreno L, Huybrechts I. Association between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory markers in the HELENA study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61:10.1002/mnfr.201600707. [PMID: 27981781 PMCID: PMC5517083 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that diet is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation among adults. However, no study has yet been conducted to explore the association between inflammatory potential of diet and low-grade systemic inflammation among adolescents whose dietary behavior may be different from adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We examine the predictive ability of 24-h recall-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores on inflammation among 532 European adolescents in the HELENA cross-sectional study. The DII is a literature-derived dietary index developed to predict inflammation. The DII was calculated per 1000 calories and was tested against C-reactive protein, ILs-1,2,4,10, TNF-α, ICAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and IFN-γ. All inflammatory markers had nonnormal distributions and therefore were log transformed. Analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, city, BMI, smoking, and physical activity. Pro-inflammatory diet (higher DII scores) was associated with increased levels of various inflammatory markers: TNF-α, IL-1, 2, IFN-γ, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (bDIIt3vs1 = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.25; 0.13, 95% CI 0.001, 0.25; 0.40, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.77; 0.53, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.01; 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13, respectively). CONCLUSION These results reinforce the fact that diet, as a whole, plays an important role in modifying inflammation in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R. Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Department of Metabolism & Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ligia-Esperanza Diaz
- Department of Metabolism & Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Gomez
- Department of Metabolism & Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Nova
- Department of Metabolism & Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aline Arouca
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther González-Gil
- GENUD “Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development” Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gottrand Frederic
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, CIC 1403 – Centre d’investigation clinique, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group. Department of Health and Human Performance. Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF. Technical University of Madrid. Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Mathilde Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism section, Lyon, France
| | | | - Kafatos Antonios
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Denes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Luis Moreno
- GENUD “Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development” Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism section, Lyon, France
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Dietary sources and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors affecting vitamin D and calcium intakes in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:1593-1601. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo investigate dietary sources of Ca and vitamin D (VitD) intakes, and the associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, among European adolescents.DesignLinear regression mixed models were used to examine sex-specific associations of Ca and VitD intakes with parental education, family affluence (FAS), physical activity and television (TV) watching while controlling for age, Tanner stage, energy intake and diet quality.SettingThe Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA)Cross-Sectional Study.SubjectsAdolescents aged 12·5–17·5 years (n 1804).ResultsMilk and cheese were the main sources of Ca (23 and 19 % contribution to overall Ca intake, respectively). Fish products were the main VitD source (30 % contribution to overall VitD intake). Ca intake was positively associated with maternal education (β=56·41; 95 % CI 1·98, 110·82) and negatively associated with TV viewing in boys (β=–0·43; 95 % CI −0·79, −0·07); however, the significance of these associations disappeared when adjusting for diet quality. In girls, Ca intake was positively associated with mother’s (β=73·08; 95 % CI 34·41, 111·74) and father’s education (β=43·29; 95 % CI 5·44, 81·14) and FAS (β=37·45; 95 % CI 2·25, 72·65). This association between Ca intake and mother’s education remained significant after further adjustment for diet quality (β=41·66; 95 % CI 0·94, 82·38). Girls with high-educated mothers had higher Ca intake.ConclusionsLow-educated families with poor diet quality may be targeted when strategizing health promotion programmes to enhance dietary Ca.
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The Influence of Exercise Training on Quality of Life and Psychosocial Functioning in Children with Congenital Heart Disease:A Review of Intervention Studies. Sports (Basel) 2017; 5:sports5010013. [PMID: 29910373 PMCID: PMC5969012 DOI: 10.3390/sports5010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and adolescents operated upon for congenital heart disease may show reduced exercise capacity and physical activity, associated with lowered quality of life. This review presents intervention studies on the influence of an exercise program on quality of life and psychosocial functioning in children with severe congenital heart disease. Participation in an exercise program among young people with complex congenital heart disease seemed to have positive effects on quality of life and passive leisure time spent. However, more effects of the exercise programs may have been expected. For future research it is important to critically evaluate the content of the exercise programs.
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Using reduced rank regression methods to identify dietary patterns associated with obesity: a cross-country study among European and Australian adolescents. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:295-305. [PMID: 28166853 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine repeatability of reduced rank regression (RRR) methods in calculating dietary patterns (DP) and cross-sectional associations with overweight (OW)/obesity across European and Australian samples of adolescents. Data from two cross-sectional surveys in Europe (2006/2007 Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study, including 1954 adolescents, 12-17 years) and Australia (2007 National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, including 1498 adolescents, 12-16 years) were used. Dietary intake was measured using two non-consecutive, 24-h recalls. RRR was used to identify DP using dietary energy density, fibre density and percentage of energy intake from fat as the intermediate variables. Associations between DP scores and body mass/fat were examined using multivariable linear and logistic regression as appropriate, stratified by sex. The first DP extracted (labelled 'energy dense, high fat, low fibre') explained 47 and 31 % of the response variation in Australian and European adolescents, respectively. It was similar for European and Australian adolescents and characterised by higher consumption of biscuits/cakes, chocolate/confectionery, crisps/savoury snacks, sugar-sweetened beverages, and lower consumption of yogurt, high-fibre bread, vegetables and fresh fruit. DP scores were inversely associated with BMI z-scores in Australian adolescent boys and borderline inverse in European adolescent boys (so as with %BF). Similarly, a lower likelihood for OW in boys was observed with higher DP scores in both surveys. No such relationships were observed in adolescent girls. In conclusion, the DP identified in this cross-country study was comparable for European and Australian adolescents, demonstrating robustness of the RRR method in calculating DP among populations. However, longitudinal designs are more relevant when studying diet-obesity associations, to prevent reverse causality.
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Costa-Tutusaus L, Guerra-Balic M. Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle and Sociodemographic Factors in Adolescents in Catalonia: Application of VISA-TEEN Questionnaire. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163381. [PMID: 27684476 PMCID: PMC5042508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a clear relationship between the way of life and the health of individuals, and therefore, we can speak of healthy and unhealthy lifestyles. There are different surveys and questionnaires that evaluate the lifestyles of adolescents, but none of them offers a final score that can quantify the healthfulness of an adolescent’s lifestyle. It was with this goal that the VISA-TEEN questionnaire is developed and validated. The objective of this study is to apply the questionnaire to a sample of adolescents who attend school in Catalonia to evaluate the healthfulness of their lifestyles and to relate the scores obtained to different sociodemographic variables. Methods Cross-sectional study. A total of 2,832 students from 25 schools in Catalonia responded to the questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed, calculating the mean (Standard deviation), median (p25, p75), and confidence interval. The results were calculated for the total population, factoring according to gender, age, urban/rural population, origin (native/immigrant), and family wealth, which was based on the Family Affluence Scale (FAS II). The significance of the difference was calculated for each factor with the appropriate statistical test. Results For the total score of healthy lifestyle, the youngest students and those with the highest family wealth obtained higher scores. With respect to eating habits, girls scored higher than boys, and higher scores were observed in natives and those with high family wealth. For physical activity, boys scored higher, as well as younger individuals, natives, and those from rural areas. With respect to substance abuse, the worst scores were found in older individuals, students from rural areas, and natives. The rational use of leisure technology was only associated with age (worsening scores with older age). Lastly, hygiene was better with girls, decreased with age, and was worse with natives than immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Costa-Tutusaus
- Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity and Sport (SAFE), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Myriam Guerra-Balic
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity and Sport (SAFE), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
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Smith MP, Berdel D, Bauer CP, Koletzko S, Nowak D, Heinrich J, Schulz H. Asthma and Rhinitis Are Associated with Less Objectively-Measured Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity, but Similar Sport Participation, in Adolescent German Boys: GINIplus and LISAplus Cohorts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161461. [PMID: 27560942 PMCID: PMC4999273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) protects against most noncommunicable diseases and has been associated with decreased risk of allergic phenotype, which is increasing worldwide. However, the association is not always present; furthermore it is not clear whether it is strongest for asthma, rhinitis, symptoms of these, or atopic sensitization; which sex is most affected; or whether it can be explained by either avoidance of sport or exacerbation of symptoms by exercise. Interventions are thus difficult to target. METHODS PA was measured by one-week accelerometry in 1137 Germans (mean age 15.6 years, 47% boys) from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts, and modeled as a correlate of allergic symptoms, sensitization, or reported doctor-diagnosed asthma or rhinitis. RESULTS 8.3% of children had asthma, of the remainder 7.9% had rhinitis, and of the remainder 32% were sensitized to aero-allergens (atopic). 52% were lung-healthy controls. Lung-healthy boys and girls averaged 46.4 min and 37.8 min moderate-to-vigorous PA per day, of which 14.6 and 11.4 min was vigorous. PA in allergic girls was not altered, but boys with asthma got 13% less moderate and 29% less vigorous PA, and those with rhinitis with 13% less moderate PA, than lung-healthy boys. Both sexes participated comparably in sport (70 to 84%). Adolescents with wheezing (up to 68%, in asthma) and/or nose/eye symptoms (up to 88%, in rhinitis) were no less active. CONCLUSIONS We found that asthma and rhinitis, but not atopy, were independently associated with low PA in boys, but not in girls. These results indicate that allergic boys remain a high-risk group for physical inactivity even if they participate comparably in sport. Research into the link between PA and allergy should consider population-specific and sex-specific effects, and clinicians, parents, and designers of PA interventions should specifically address PA in allergic boys to ensure full participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia P. Smith
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
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Diarbakerli E, Grauers A, Möller H, Abbott A, Gerdhem P. Adolescents with and without idiopathic scoliosis have similar self-reported level of physical activity: a cross-sectional study. SCOLIOSIS AND SPINAL DISORDERS 2016; 11:17. [PMID: 27551691 PMCID: PMC4965884 DOI: 10.1186/s13013-016-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Little is known about physical activity levels in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of this study was to describe the level of physical activity in adolescents with and without idiopathic scoliosis. Methods Two hundred thirty-nine adolescents, median (25th, 75th percentile) age 16.0 (14.4, 17.6) with idiopathic scoliosis and 58 randomly recruited population-based individuals without scoliosis aged 14.6 (12.8, 16.3) participated. The 239 idiopathic scoliosis patients consisted of 88 untreated, 43 previously braced, 36 with ongoing brace-treatment and 72 surgically treated individuals. Main outcome measure was the proportion achieving at least moderate activity level, as estimated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Other outcome measures were Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) minutes/week, time spent sitting, spare time activity level and sporting activities. Statistical analyses were adjusted for age and sex. Results The proportion of individuals with scoliosis with moderate activity level was 180 out of 239 (75 %) and for individuals without scoliosis 49 out of 58 (85 %) (p = 0.14). Median MET-minutes/week (25th,75th percentile) was for individuals with scoliosis scoliosis 1977 (840,3777) and for individuals without scoliosis 2120 (887,4598) (p = 0.11). Sporting activities did not differ (p = 0.28). The ongoing brace-treatment group had a significantly higher proportion of individuals categorizing themselves at high spare time activity level compared to the surgically treated and previously braced individuals (p = 0.046). No difference was seen between the treatment groups regarding the proportion achieving moderate activity (p = 0.11) and sporting activities (p = 0.20). Median MET minutes/week was 2160 (794,3797) for the untreated group, 989 (661,2706) for the previously braced group, 2055 (1010, 4026) for the surgery group and 2106 (990,4480) for the ongoing brace-treatment group (p = 0.031). Conclusion Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis show similar levels of self-reported physical activity as individuals without idiopathic scoliosis. Bracing and surgery do not appear to inhibit physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Diarbakerli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, K54, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Grauers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, K54, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Orthopaedics, Sundsvall and Härnösand County Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Hans Möller
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, K54, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Allan Abbott
- Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia ; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paul Gerdhem
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, K54, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Roura E, Milà-Villarroel R, Lucía Pareja S, Adot Caballero A. Assessment of Eating Habits and Physical Activity among Spanish Adolescents. The "Cooking and Active Leisure" TAS Program. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159962. [PMID: 27463105 PMCID: PMC4962989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide obesity has more than doubled in the last forty years. Even more worrying is the fact that the number of overweight and obese children and adolescents has considerably increased. Socioeconomic development, as well as educational, agricultural and marketing policies have significantly changed dietary and physical activity habits among the youngest, who are thus susceptible to develop chronic and disabling diseases such as diabetes, some cancers and cardiovascular disorders. Adolescence is a critical age, in which the adoption of healthy habits may have dramatic effects on the health state in adulthood. For this reason, prompt interventions are urgently required to prevent the onset of obesity in this time of life. In this regard, the CAL-TAS program from Alicia Foundation was born to combat obesity and promote healthy lifestyles in Spanish adolescents. A total of 2519 students, aged 13–14 years, from 79 schools distributed all over the 17 autonomous communities in Spain were asked to report through the CAL-TAS platform their food intake and physical activity over one week. The body mass index, the consumption of food and beverages, the intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, and the values obtained from the PAQ-A questionnaire, which evaluated physical activity, were analyzed. Twenty percent of the participants were overweight or obese. In general, adolescents did not or poorly respected the recommendations provided by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition. For example, in more than half of the subjects, the ingestion of fruits and beverages was less than recommended, whereas the consumption of meat, baked goods and fried foods was excessive. Moreover, adolescents with higher body mass index also presented worse eating habits and more inactivity. In conclusion, Spanish adolescents present low adherence to recommendations provided by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and by the World Health Organization. In order to prevent obesity-related disorders, effective educational programmes have to be designed. Indeed, adolescents and their families should be aware that the early adoption of healthy dietary habits and of a correct physical activity may strongly improve their future quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Roura
- Alicia Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Raimon Milà-Villarroel
- Research group on methodology, methods and models of health and social outcomes; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
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Bibiloni MDM, Özen AE, Pons A, González-Gross M, Tur JA. Physical Activity and Beverage Consumption among Adolescents. Nutrients 2016; 8:E389. [PMID: 27347993 PMCID: PMC4963865 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the relationship between physical activity and beverage consumption among adolescents with a population based cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Balearic Islands, Spain (n = 1988; 12-17 years old). Body composition, educational and income level, physical activity (PA), and beverage consumption and energy intake were assessed. Sixty-two percent of adolescents engaged in >300 min/week of PA. Boys were more active than girls, younger adolescents were more active than older counterparts, low parental income was associated with physical inactivity, and time spent watching TV (including, TV, Internet or handheld cellular devices) was inversely associated with PA practice. The average beverage intake of the studied adolescents was 0.9 L/day, higher in boys than in girls. Beverage intake was positively associated with PA practice, and the highest amount of energy intake from beverages was observed in active boys and girls. Most of the studied adolescent population met the PA recommendations. Gender, age, parental income, and time spent watching TV were significant determinants of PA. Type and amount of beverages drunk varied according to gender and PA, and general daily total beverage intake was lower than recommended adequate fluid intake. PA behavior should be considered when analyzing beverage consumption in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain.
| | - Asli Emine Özen
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Reha Midilli Foça Faculty of Tourism, Dokuz Eylül University, Foça-Izmir 35680, Turkey.
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain.
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain.
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty Physical Activity & Sport Sciences-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain.
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Correlates of Insufficient Physical Activity among Junior High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Xi'an, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:397. [PMID: 27043607 PMCID: PMC4847059 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Physical activity plays an important role in individual health at all stages of life. However, evidence is lacking regarding the level of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the related factors to insufficient physical activity (IPA). Methods: A sample of 1060 students aged 12–15 years from nine public junior high schools in China were invited to participate in this study. Physical activity was assessed by a modified version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with IPA. Results: 30.1% boys and 43.0% girls in our sample did not engage in sufficient physical activity. Obesity (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5–2.9) and high socioeconomic status (SES) (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3–4.8) were positively associated with IPA, whereas male sex (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5–0.9), underweight status (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), and high family support level for physical activity (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.9) showed inverse associations. Age was not associated with IPA. Conclusions: IPA appears to be a considerable problem in this sample of Chinese youth. Effective interventions to increase physical activity are needed and may include improving family support level for physical activity, especially for girls, the obese and those with high SES.
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Smith MP, Berdel D, Nowak D, Heinrich J, Schulz H. Physical Activity Levels and Domains Assessed by Accelerometry in German Adolescents from GINIplus and LISAplus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152217. [PMID: 27010227 PMCID: PMC4806867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is a well-known and underused protective factor for numerous health outcomes, and interventions are hampered by lack of objective data. We combined accelerometers with diaries to estimate the contributions to total activity from different domains throughout the day and week in adolescents. METHODS Accelerometric and diary data from 1403 adolescents (45% male, mean age 15.6 ± 0.5 years) were combined to evaluate daily levels and domains of sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) during a typical week. Freedson's cutoff points were applied to determine levels of activity. Total activity was broken down into school physical education (PE), school outside PE, transportation to school, sport, and other time. RESULTS About 2/3 of adolescents' time was spent sedentary, 1/3 in light activity, and about 5% in MVPA. Boys and girls averaged 46 (SD 22) and 38 (23) minutes MVPA per day. Adolescents were most active during leisure sport, spending about 30% of it in MVPA, followed by PE (about 20%) transport to school (14%) and either school class time or other time (3%). PE provided 5% of total MVPA, while leisure sport provided 16% and transportation to school 8%. School was the most sedentary part of the day with over 75% of time outside PE spent sedentary. CONCLUSIONS These German adolescents were typical of Europeans in showing low levels of physical activity, with significant contributions from leisure sport, transportation and school PE. Leisure sport was the most active part of the day, and participation did not vary significantly by sex, study center (region of Germany) or BMI. Transportation to school was frequent and thus accounted for a significant fraction of total MVPA. This indicates that even in a population with good access to dedicated sporting activities, frequent active transportation can add significantly to total MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia P. Smith
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Oyeyemi AL, Ishaku CM, Oyekola J, Wakawa HD, Lawan A, Yakubu S, Oyeyemi AY. Patterns and Associated Factors of Physical Activity among Adolescents in Nigeria. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150142. [PMID: 26901382 PMCID: PMC4762937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the context where adolescents' physical activity (PA) takes place could impact a more targeted approach to implement PA promotion and interventions in Africa. However, standardized data on adolescents' PA behaviour is lacking in Nigeria. We described PA patterns in the various domains (home, school, transport, leisure-time) and intensity categories (light-intensity PA, moderate- to vigorous- intensity physical activity [MVPA] and total PA), and their associations with sociodemographic factors and socioeconomic status (SES) among secondary school adolescents in Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a representative sample of 1006 secondary school adolescents (12-18 years, 50.4% girls) in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Self-reported PA was assessed with an adapted version of the Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and Young Adults. Outcomes were weekly minutes (min/wk) of PA spent in the various domains and intensity categories. Multivariate ANOVA was used to examine associations of PA scores (domains and intensity levels) with adolescents' sociodemographic characteristics and SES, and track differences in PA scores between subgroups. RESULTS The total sample reported most PA at school (1525 min/wk), the least during active transportation (210 min/wk), and only 37% engaged in 60 min of MVPA daily. Boys reported significantly more leisure-time PA (P<0.001), active transportation (P<0.001), MVPA (P = 0.023) and total PA (P = 0.003) than girls, while girls reported more school-based PA (P = 0.009), home-based PA (P<0.001) and light-intensity PA (P<0.001) than boys. Moderate-intensity PA (P = 0.024) and total PA (P = 0.049) were significantly higher in younger age group than in older group. Household car ownership was associated with less active transportation (P = 0.009), less moderate-intensity PA (P = 0.048) and with more leisure-time PA (P = 0.013). High parental SES was associated with more leisure-time PA (P = 0.002), more MVPA (P = 0.047) and less active transportation (P<0.001). Adolescents of various weight status differed significantly in their leisure-time PA (P<0.001), moderate-intensity PA (P = 0.011) and total PA (P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS The patterns and levels of physical activity among adolescents in Nigeria vary according to the adolescents' age, gender, weight status and SES. These findings have important public health implications for identifying subgroups of Nigerian adolescents that should be targeted for effective physical activity promoting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale L. Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Cornelius M. Ishaku
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Jameela Oyekola
- Industrial Clinic, Nigerian National Petroleum Commission Kaduna Medical Area, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Hajara D. Wakawa
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Lawan
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Safira Yakubu
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
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Costa-Tutusaus L, Guerra-Balic M. Development and psychometric validation of a scoring questionnaire to assess healthy lifestyles among adolescents in Catalonia. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:89. [PMID: 26821644 PMCID: PMC4731967 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle is intimately related to health. A questionnaire that specifically scores the healthiness of lifestyle of Catalan adolescents is needed. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a scoring questionnaire called VISA-TEEN to assess the healthy lifestyle of young Catalans that can be answered quickly and user-friendly. Methods A lifestyle questionnaire was developed based on the analysis of contributions from two focus groups, one with adolescents and the other with people who work with them (teachers and doctors). A panel of experts validated the content of items that were ultimately selected for the VISA-TEEN questionnaire. Three hundred ninety-six adolescents (215 boys and 181 girls, age = 13–19 years) completed the VISA-TEEN. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α) reliability coefficient. Test-retest reliability, using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), was calculated based on scores attained two weeks apart. Construct validity was assessed by the extraction of components with an exploratory factor analysis. The relationship between the scores was measured using the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) KIDSCREEN-10 Index (the relationship was assessed by calculating Pearson’s r correlation coefficient). The association of scores in the VISA-TEEN for self-rated health (SRH) was also examined by executing an analysis of variance (ANOVA) between the different categories of this variable. We also calculated the index of fit for factor scales (IFFS) for each component, as well as the discriminatory power of the instrument using Ferguson’s δ (delta) coefficient. Results The VISA-TEEN questionnaire showed acceptable reliability (α = 0.66, αest = 0.77) and a very good test-retest agreement (ICC = 0.860). It could be broken down into the following five components, all with an acceptable or very good IFFS (0.7–0.96): diet, substance abuse, physical activity, Rational Use of Technological Leisure (RUTL), and hygiene. Scores on the VISA-TEEN showed significant correlation with the KIDSCREEN index (r = 0.21, p < 0.001) and were associated with SRH (p < 0.001). The discriminatory power was found to be δ = 0.97. Conclusions The VISA-TEEN questionnaire developed to study the lifestyle of Catalan adolescents is a valid instrument to apply in this population as it is shown in the present psychometric tests to understand the role of lifestyle in the health of teenagers or to test the efficacy of health campaigns intended to improve teenagers' lifestyle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2778-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Costa-Tutusaus
- Research Group Physical Activity, Sport and Health, School of Health Science, University Ramon Llull, FCS Blanquerna, C/ Padilla 326-332, Barcelona, 08025, Spain.
| | - Myriam Guerra-Balic
- Research Group Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, University Ramon Llull, Barcelona, 08022, Spain
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Gilardini L, Croci M, Pasqualinotto L, Caffetto K, Invitti C. Dietary Habits and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Children. Obes Facts 2015; 8:101-9. [PMID: 26087840 PMCID: PMC5644861 DOI: 10.1159/000381157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence rates of cardiometabolic risk factors vary largely among overweight children. This study investigated the relationships between dietary habits and cardiometabolic health among obese children living in a city of Northern Italy. METHODS Dietary habits were collected in 448 obese subjects aged 6-18 years, attending an obesity outpatient center in Milan. Anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), lipids, fasting and post-load glucose, and insulin were measured. Physical activity was assessed in adolescents using a questionnaire. RESULTS Frequency of glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia was 0.7%, 13% and 27.2%, respectively. Plausible reporters consumed more animal protein and sodium and less legumes than recommended in nutritional recommendations and adequate amounts of fiber mainly derived from whole grains. Subjects skipping breakfast had unhealthy diets and greater body fatness. After adjustment for confounders, waist/height and fasting glucose were associated with sodium intake (r =0.149 and r = 0.142, respectively; p < 0.05), 2-hour glucose with fiber (r = -0.172; p < 0.01), and BP with vegetable protein intake (systolic r = -0.120 (p < 0.05); diastolic r = -0.267 (p < 0.01)). Hypertensive children consumed less vegetable protein than normotensive children. CONCLUSIONS The cardiometabolic health of obese children improves with vegetable protein and whole grain intake, whereas dysglycemia and adiposity increase with sodium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cecilia Invitti
- *Dr. Cecilia Invitti, Department of Medical Sciences and Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy,
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Teng YK, Huang JL, Yeh KW, Fu LS, Lin CH, Ma WF, Lee SD, Chiang LC. Influential factors of insufficient physical activity among adolescents with asthma in Taiwan. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116417. [PMID: 25551759 PMCID: PMC4281071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little research has been reported concerning insufficient physical activity in Taiwanese adolescents with asthma. The aims of this paper are to compare the amount of physical activity between asthmatic and non-asthmatic adolescents in Taiwan, as well as to investigate the influential factors associated with insufficient physical activity in asthmatic adolescents. METHODS Self-reporting structured questionnaires (socio-economic status, scale of family support for physical activity, amount of physical activity) and peak expiratory flow were assessed from 286 adolescents with asthma and 588 non-asthmatic adolescents in a cross-sectional design. Insufficient amount of physical activity was based on less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Adolescents with asthma have a greater amount of physical activity and a higher level of family support than those who are non-asthmatic. In Taiwan, adolescents with asthma, girls relative to boys, obesity relative to average weight, and low family support relative to high family support were found to be associated with insufficient physical activity. CONCLUSION Physical activity in adolescents with asthma is insufficient especially in girls, in asthmatics with obesity, and in those with low family support. We suggest that physical activity programs should be applied to Taiwan adolescents with asthma in order to match the criteria of 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity, especially for girls, the obese and those with a low level of family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kuei Teng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Shien Fu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (L-CC); (S-DL)
| | - Li-Chi Chiang
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (L-CC); (S-DL)
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Micklesfield LK, Pedro TM, Kahn K, Kinsman J, Pettifor JM, Tollman S, Norris SA. Physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents in rural South Africa: levels, patterns and correlates. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:40. [PMID: 24433276 PMCID: PMC3897951 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is increasing among children and adolescents and may be contributing to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. This study examines physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns, and explores associations with individual, maternal, household, and community factors amongst rural South African adolescents. METHODS In 2009, 381 subjects, stratified by ages 11-12-years and 14-15-years, were randomly selected from 3511 children and adolescents who had participated in a growth survey two years previously. Weight and height were measured and self-reported Tanner pubertal stage was collected. A questionnaire quantifying frequency and duration of physical activity (PA) domains and sedentary time for the previous 12 months was administered. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA mins/wk) was calculated for time spent in school and club sport. Socio-demographic and other related data were included from the Agincourt health and socio-demographic system (HDSS). The Agincourt HDSS was established in 1992 and collects prospective data on the community living in the Agincourt sub-district of Mpumalanga Province in rural north-east South Africa. RESULTS Puberty, maternal education and socio-economic status (SES) contributed significantly to the mulitiple linear regression model for sedentary behavior (R2 = 0.199; adjusted R2 = 0.139; p < 0.000), and sex, SES and maternal education contributed to the tobit regression model for school and club sport MVPA (p < 0.000). MVPA, calculated from school and club sport, was higher in boys than girls (p < 0.001), and informal activity was lower (boys: p < 0.05 and girls: p < 0.01) while sedentary time was higher (girls: p < 0.01) in the older than the younger groups. Ninety-two percent (92%) of the sample reported walking for transport. CONCLUSIONS In this study of rural South African adolescent boys and girls, SES at the maternal, household and community level independently predicted time spent in sedentary behaviors, and school and club MVPA. This study provides local data that can be used to develop health promotion strategies specific to this community, and other similar communities in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Micklesfield
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Dulfer K, Duppen N, Blom NA, van Dijk APJ, Helbing WA, Verhulst FC, Utens EMWJ. Effect of Exercise Training on Sports Enjoyment and Leisure-time Spending in Adolescents with Complex Congenital Heart Disease: The Moderating Effect of Health Behavior and Disease Knowledge. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2013; 9:415-23. [DOI: 10.1111/chd.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolijn Dulfer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology; Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Duppen
- Department of Pediatrics; Division of Cardiology; Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nico A. Blom
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Arie P. J. van Dijk
- Department of Cardiology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Wim A. Helbing
- Department of Pediatrics; Division of Cardiology; Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Frank C. Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology; Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. W. J. Utens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology; Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Al-Hazzaa HM, Al-Nakeeb Y, Duncan MJ, Al-Sobayel HI, Abahussain NA, Musaiger AO, Lyons M, Collins P, Nevill A. A cross-cultural comparison of health behaviors between Saudi and British adolescents living in urban areas: gender by country analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:6701-20. [PMID: 24300072 PMCID: PMC3881136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10126701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cross-cultural differences and similarity in health behaviors between Saudi and British adolescents. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted at four cities in Saudi Arabia (Riyadh and Al-Khobar; N = 1,648) and Britain (Birmingham and Coventry; N = 1,158). The participants (14–18 year-olds) were randomly selected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Measurements included anthropometric, screen time, validated physical activity (PA) questionnaire and dietary habits. The overweight/obesity prevalence among Saudi adolescents (38.3%) was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than that found among British adolescents (24.1%). The British adolescents demonstrated higher total PA energy expenditure than Saudi adolescents (means ± SE = 3,804.8 ± 81.5 vs. 2,219.9 ± 65.5 METs-min/week). Inactivity prevalence was significantly (p < 0.001) higher among Saudi adolescents (64%) compared with that of British adolescents (25.5%). The proportions of adolescents exceeding 2 h of daily screen time were high (88.0% and 90.8% among Saudis and British, respectively). The majority of Saudi and British adolescents did not have daily intakes of breakfast, fruit, vegetables and milk. MANCOVA showed significant (p < 0.05) gender by country interactions in several lifestyle factors. There was a significant (p < 0.001) gender differences in the ratio of physical activity to sedentary behaviors. In conclusion, Saudi and British adolescents demonstrated some similarities and differences in their PA levels, sedentary behaviors and dietary habits. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents appear to be a cross-cultural phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
- Pediatric Exercise Physiology Research Laboratory, College of Education, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2458, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, James Starley Building, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK; E-Mail:
- School of Human Sciences, Newman University College, Birmingham, Genners Lane, Bartley Green, Birmingham B32 3NT, UK; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +966-11-4678411; Fax: +966-11-467-3179
| | - Yahya Al-Nakeeb
- College of Education, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; E-Mail:
| | - Michael J. Duncan
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, James Starley Building, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Hana I. Al-Sobayel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 6941, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Nada A. Abahussain
- School of Health Services, Ministry of Education, Eastern Province 31952, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Abdulrahman O. Musaiger
- Nutrition and Health Studies Unit, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Manama, Bahrain; E-Mail:
- Arab Center for Nutrition, P.O. Box 26923, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mark Lyons
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; E-Mail:
| | - Peter Collins
- School of Human Sciences, Newman University College, Birmingham, Genners Lane, Bartley Green, Birmingham B32 3NT, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Alan Nevill
- School of Performing Arts and Leisure, University of Wolverhampton, Gorway Road, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK; E-Mail:
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Vanhelst J, Béghin L, Salleron J, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Molnar D, Manios Y, Widhalm K, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Mauro B, Moreno LA, Sjöström M, Castillo MJ, Gottrand F. A favorable built environment is associated with better physical fitness in European adolescents. Prev Med 2013; 57:844-9. [PMID: 24076010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between the built environment and physical fitness and physical activity in adolescents. METHODS The study included 3528 adolescents, aged 12.5-17.5 years, who participated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. The health-related physical fitness components were assessed using the physical fitness tests. Participants wore a uniaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph®) for 7 days to measure physical activity. A specific questionnaire addressing the built environment was used. Potential confounding factors including age, gender, body mass index, body composition, pubertal status, smoking, educational level of parents, and socioeconomic status were analyzed using backward stepwise linear regression analysis. RESULTS Heavy traffic in the neighborhood was the strongest factor negatively associated with both physical fitness and physical activity (both P<0.05). Conversely, a secure bicycling or walking route from home to school was positively associated with various components of physical fitness and physical activity (P<0.01). Outdoor fields and gymnasiums near home were also associated with better physical fitness (P<0.01), but not with physical activity. CONCLUSIONS A favorable built environment may contribute to health-related physical fitness and physical activity of adolescents and should be considered in future interventions and health promotion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Vanhelst
- INSERM U995, University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; CIC-PT-9301-INSERM-CH&U, University Hospital, Lille, France.
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Ortlieb S, Schneider G, Koletzko S, Berdel D, von Berg A, Bauer CP, Schaaf B, Herbarth O, Lehmann I, Hoffmann B, Heinrich J, Schulz H. Physical activity and its correlates in children: a cross-sectional study (the GINIplus & LISAplus studies). BMC Public Health 2013; 13:349. [PMID: 23587274 PMCID: PMC3641958 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity among children is an increasing problem that adversely affects children's health. A better understanding of factors which affect physical activity (PA) will help create effective interventions aimed at raising the activity levels of children. This cross-sectional study examined the associations of PA with individual (biological, social, behavioral, psychological) and environmental (East vs. West Germany, rural vs. urban regions) characteristics in children. METHODS Information on PA and potential correlates was collected from 1843 girls and 1997 boys using questionnaires during the 10-year follow-up of two prospective birth cohort studies (GINIplus and LISAplus). Study regions represent urban and rural sites as well as East and West of Germany. Logistic regression modeling was applied to examine cross-sectional associations between individual as well as environmental factors and PA levels. RESULTS Five of fourteen variables were significantly associated with PA. Among children aged 10, girls tended to be less active than boys, especially with respect to vigorous PA (OR = 0.72 for summer). Children who were not a member of a sports club showed a substantially reduced amount of PA in winter (OR = 0.15). Rural environments promote moderate PA, particularly in winter (OR = 1.88), whereas an increased time outdoors primarily promotes moderate PA in summer (OR = 12.41). Children with abnormal emotional symptoms exhibited reduced physical activity, particularly in winter (OR = 0.60). BMI, puberty, parental BMI, parental education, household income, siblings, TV/PC consumption, and method of arriving school, were not associated with PA. CONCLUSIONS When considering correlates of PA from several domains simultaneously, only few factors (sex, sports club membership, physical environment, time outdoors, and emotional symptoms) appear to be relevant. Although the causality needs to be ascertained in longitudinal studies, variables which cannot be modified should be used to identify risk groups while modifiable variables, such as sports club activities, may be addressed in intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ortlieb
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Epidemiologie, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Schaaf
- Medical Practice for Pediatrics, Bad Honnef, Germany
| | - Olf Herbarth
- Faculty of Medicine, Environmental Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Department for Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
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Vanhelst J, Fardy PS, Mikulovic J, Bui-Xuan G, Béghin L. Concurrent Validity of the Modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire for French Obese Adolescents. Percept Mot Skills 2013; 116:123-31. [DOI: 10.2466/03.06.pms.116.1.123-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle. Evaluating and promoting this activity warrants careful attention, particularly in the context of preventing obesity associated with low physical activity. The aim of the present study was to assess the concurrent validity of a modified, long, self-administered version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) using triaxial accelerometry in 56 youth with obesity. The participants' physical activity was measured with an RT3 accelerometer (objective measure) and with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (IPAQ–A; subjective measure). Although the two methods were correlated strongly ( r = .84), there was a significant difference between the two methods. The participants' subjective ratings on the IPAQ–A overestimated the objective measure. Although activity questionnaires are simple and widely used in assessing physical activity, alternative methods should be used when measuring physical activity in youth with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul S. Fardy
- Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Queens College, New York
| | | | | | - Laurent Béghin
- Clinique d'Investigation, CIC-PT-9301-Inserm-CH&U, ER3S, Université Lille Nord de France, ER3S, Université d'Artois, Unité Inserm U995, Université Lille Nord de France
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Prins RG, Kamphuis CBM, van Empelen P, Beenackers MA, Brug J, Mackenbach JP, Oenema A. Explaining socio-demographic differences in disengagement from sports in adolescence. Eur J Public Health 2013; 23:811-6. [PMID: 23302764 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cks188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this longitudinal study is to identify risk groups for disengagement from sports during adolescence. In addition, it will be explored whether cognitive and environmental factors can explain socio-demographic differences in disengagement from sports. METHODS Data were obtained from the Environmental Determinants of Obesity in Rotterdam Schoolchildren study, and 357 adolescents were eligible for analysis. Socio-demographics (gender, ethnicity, education), individual cognitions and neighbourhood perceptions were assessed at baseline (2005/2006), and sports participation at baseline and at follow-up (2007/2008). Two dichotomous outcome variables were constructed: (i) disengagement from sports (yes/no) and (ii) ceased compliance with the fitnorm (i.e. cease engaging in sports ≥3 times/wk) (yes/no). In logistic regression and mediation analyses, we identified socio-demographic differences in the two outcomes. Subsequently, we applied mediation analyses to identify the contribution of cognitive and environmental explanatory factors of the socio-demographic differences. RESULTS Girls [odds ratio (OR): 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-4.5] were more likely than boys to disengage from sports. Girls (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4-4.2), adolescents of non-Western background (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0-3.0) and those in lower educational levels (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.9) were more likely to cease compliance with the fitnorm. Perceived neighbourhood safety partly explained gender differences in disengagement from sports (8%). Intention partly explained ethnical (32%) and educational differences (37%) in ceasing compliance with the fitnorm. CONCLUSIONS Girls, lower-educated adolescents and those with a non-Western background showed more pronounced reductions in sports participation and compliance with the fitnorm. Intention and perceived neighbourhood safety could partially explain these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Prins
- 1 Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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De Cocker K, Artero EG, De Henauw S, Dietrich S, Gottrand F, Béghin L, Hagströmer M, Sjöström M, Plada M, Manios Y, Mauro B, Molnár D, Moreno LA, Ottevaere C, Valtueña J, Maes L, De Bourdeaudhuij I. Can differences in physical activity by socio-economic status in European adolescents be explained by differences in psychosocial correlates? A mediation analysis within the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. Public Health Nutr 2012; 15:2100-9. [PMID: 22717373 PMCID: PMC10271304 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Socio-economic status (SES) has been positively associated with physical activity (PA) levels in adolescents. In order to tackle these social inequalities, information is needed about the underlying mechanisms of this association. The present study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of psychosocial correlates of PA on the relationship between SES and PA in European adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study testing the mediating role of psychosocial correlates in the SES-PA association using the product-of-coefficients test of MacKinnon. SETTING Ten European cities in nine different countries, the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study. SUBJECTS Adolescents (n 2780) aged 12·5-17·49 years self-reported on PA (moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA and total PA), SES indicators (education of the mother and Family Affluence Scale) and psychosocial correlates of PA (stage of change, attitudes, awareness, modelling, social support, self-efficacy, benefits, barriers and environmental correlates). RESULTS SES (Family Affluence Scale) was significantly associated with moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA. According to single-mediator models, this association was significantly mediated by stage of change (t = 3·6, P ≤ 0·001), awareness (t = 2·7, 0·001 < P ≤ 0·01), modelling (t = 4·8, P ≤ 0·001), self-efficacy (t = 2·5, 0·01 CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with low family wealth scored lower on stage of change, awareness, modelling, self-efficacy and environmental correlates of PA, and higher on PA barriers, which in turn resulted in lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous PA. Future interventions should target these individual and environmental constructs in order to tackle and intervene on social inequalities in PA among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien De Cocker
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium.
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Martinez-Gomez D, Gomez-Martinez S, Ruiz JR, Diaz LE, Ortega FB, Widhalm K, Cuenca-Garcia M, Manios Y, De Vriendt T, Molnar D, Huybrechts I, Breidenassel C, Gottrand F, Plada M, Moreno S, Ferrari M, Moreno LA, Sjöström M, Marcos A. Objectively-measured and self-reported physical activity and fitness in relation to inflammatory markers in European adolescents: The HELENA Study. Atherosclerosis 2012; 221:260-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Clustering patterns of physical activity, sedentary and dietary behavior among European adolescents: The HELENA study. BMC Public Health 2011; 11:328. [PMID: 21586158 PMCID: PMC3112135 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests possible synergetic effects of multiple lifestyle behaviors on health risks like obesity and other health outcomes. A better insight in the clustering of those behaviors, could help to identify groups who are at risk in developing chronic diseases. This study examines the prevalence and clustering of physical activity, sedentary and dietary patterns among European adolescents and investigates if the identified clusters could be characterized by socio-demographic factors. Methods The study comprised a total of 2084 adolescents (45.6% male), from eight European cities participating in the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured using self-reported questionnaires and diet quality was assessed based on dietary recall. Based on the results of those three indices, cluster analyses were performed. To identify gender differences and associations with socio-demographic variables, chi-square tests were executed. Results Five stable and meaningful clusters were found. Only 18% of the adolescents showed healthy and 21% unhealthy scores on all three included indices. Males were highly presented in the cluster with high levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and low quality diets. The clusters with low levels of MVPA and high quality diets comprised more female adolescents. Adolescents with low educated parents had diets of lower quality and spent more time in sedentary activities. In addition, the clusters with high levels of MVPA comprised more adolescents of the younger age category. Conclusion In order to develop effective primary prevention strategies, it would be important to consider multiple health indices when identifying high risk groups.
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Simen-Kapeu A, Veugelers PJ. Should public health interventions aimed at reducing childhood overweight and obesity be gender-focused? BMC Public Health 2010; 10:340. [PMID: 20546619 PMCID: PMC2894777 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight in childhood is a major public health concern that calls for immediate preventative action. An increasing number of reports suggest that gender specific approaches to prevention may be more effective. However, there is a paucity of information to guide gender-sensitive health promotion and population health interventions for the prevention of overweight in childhood. In the present study, we sought to determine gender-differentials in overweight and underlying behaviors, nutrition and physical activity, among pre-adolescents in Alberta, Canada, to inform the discussion on gender-focused interventions for chronic disease prevention. METHODS In 2008, we surveyed 3421 grade five students and their parents of 148 randomly selected schools. Students completed the Harvard food frequency questionnaire, questions on physical activities, and had their height and weight measured. Parents completed questions on socio-economic background and child's lifestyle. We applied multilevel regression methods to assess gender differentials in overweight, nutrition and physical activity. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of overweight was slightly higher among boys (29.1%) than girls (27.9%) with more pronounced differences in towns and urban geographies. Boys reported to be much more physically active relative to girls (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.73-2.60). Diets of boys, relative to those of girls, reportedly constituted more fat and were less likely to meet the recommendation of 6 daily servings of vegetables and fruits (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.93). CONCLUSION Our findings confirm the existence of gender differences in physical activity and nutrition, and support gender-focused health promotion whereby priority is given to physical activity among girls and to healthy eating among boys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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