1
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Erazo-Oliveras A, Muñoz-Vega M, Salinas ML, Wang X, Chapkin RS. Dysregulation of cellular membrane homeostasis as a crucial modulator of cancer risk. FEBS J 2024; 291:1299-1352. [PMID: 36282100 PMCID: PMC10126207 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes serve as an epicentre combining extracellular and cytosolic components with membranous effectors, which together support numerous fundamental cellular signalling pathways that mediate biological responses. To execute their functions, membrane proteins, lipids and carbohydrates arrange, in a highly coordinated manner, into well-defined assemblies displaying diverse biological and biophysical characteristics that modulate several signalling events. The loss of membrane homeostasis can trigger oncogenic signalling. More recently, it has been documented that select membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and subsequently decrease cancer risk. In this review, we emphasize the significance of membrane domain structure, organization and their signalling functionalities as well as how loss of membrane homeostasis can steer aberrant signalling. Moreover, we describe in detail the complexities associated with the examination of these membrane domains and their association with cancer. Finally, we summarize the current literature on MADs and their effects on cellular membranes, including various mechanisms of dietary chemoprevention/interception and the functional links between nutritional bioactives, membrane homeostasis and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Vega
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Michael L. Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Center for Environmental Health Research; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
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2
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Barut I, Fletcher JS. Cell and tissue imaging by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Biointerphases 2023; 18:061202. [PMID: 38108477 DOI: 10.1116/6.0003140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This Tutorial focuses on the use of secondary ion mass spectrometry for the analysis of cellular and tissue samples. The Tutorial aims to cover the considerations in sample preparation analytical set up and some specific aspects of data interpretation associated with such analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inci Barut
- Department of Pharmacy, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Turkey
| | - John S Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
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3
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He F, Huang YF, Dai W, Qu XY, Lu JG, Lao CC, Luo WH, Sun DM, Wei M, Xiao SY, Xie Y, Liu L, Zhou H. The localization of the alkaloids in Coptis chinensis rhizome by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1092643. [PMID: 36618650 PMCID: PMC9816869 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1092643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the spatial distribution of active compounds can effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional methods are economical and practical but lack chemical information on the original distribution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), with the advantage of non-destructive detection of samples, can directly analyze the distribution of chemical compounds on the surface of various samples. METHODS In this study, TOF-SIMS image analysis technology was used to detect TCM for the first time. Taking Coptis rhizome (CR) as an example, a commonly used TCM, the distribution of the compounds in the cross-section of CR was studied. Meanwhile, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLCQQQ-MS/MS) was used to verify the results of TOF-SIMS. RESULTS The distribution of nine active compounds: berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, tetrahydricheilanthifolinium, and oxyberberine, was well imaged in the cross-section of CR by TOF-SIMS. The content of berberine and epiberberine was the highest; Palmatine distribution in the pith was more than that in other parts; Oxyberberine was mainly concentrated in the cork and xylem rays. Normalization analysis showed contents of these compounds increased along with the growth years. The result was consistent with UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. CONCLUSION The TOF-SIMS method can display the spatial distribution status of the active compounds of herbs, providing a basis for selecting the medicine site with non-destructive and fast detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-You Qu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Resources, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wen-Hui Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Mei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Xiao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tho D. K. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefania Rabasco
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pieter E. Oomen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- ParaMedir B.V., 1e Energieweg 13, 9301 LK Roden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Bien T, Hambleton EA, Dreisewerd K, Soltwisch J. Molecular insights into symbiosis-mapping sterols in a marine flatworm-algae-system using high spatial resolution MALDI-2-MS imaging with ion mobility separation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:2767-2777. [PMID: 33274397 PMCID: PMC8007520 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Waminoa sp. acoel flatworms hosting Symbiodiniaceae and the related Amphidinium dinoflagellate algae are an interesting model system for symbiosis in marine environments. While the host provides a microhabitat and safety, the algae power the system by photosynthesis and supply the worm with nutrients. Among these nutrients are sterols, including cholesterol and numerous phytosterols. While it is widely accepted that these compounds are produced by the symbiotic dinoflagellates, their transfer to and fate within the sterol-auxotrophic Waminoa worm host as well as their role in its metabolism are unknown. Here we used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging combined with laser-induced post-ionization and trapped ion mobility spectrometry (MALDI-2-TIMS-MSI) to map the spatial distribution of over 30 different sterol species in sections of the symbiotic system. The use of laser post-ionization crucially increased ion yields and allowed the recording of images with a pixel size of 5 μm. Trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) helped with the tentative assignment of over 30 sterol species. Correlation with anatomical features of the worm, revealed by host-derived phospholipid signals, and the location of the dinoflagellates, revealed by chlorophyll a signal, disclosed peculiar differences in the distribution of different sterol species (e.g. of cholesterol versus stigmasterol) within the receiving host. These findings point to sterol species-specific roles in the metabolism of Waminoa beyond a mere source of energy. They also underline the value of the MALDI-2-TIMS-MSI method to future research in the spatially resolved analysis of sterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bien
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Hambleton
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Soltwisch
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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6
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Thomen A, Najafinobar N, Penen F, Kay E, Upadhyay PP, Li X, Phan NTN, Malmberg P, Klarqvist M, Andersson S, Kurczy ME, Ewing AG. Subcellular Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Absolute Quantitative Analysis across Organelles. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4316-4325. [PMID: 32239916 PMCID: PMC7199216 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a field that promises to become a mainstream bioanalysis technology by allowing the combination of single-cell imaging and subcellular quantitative analysis. The frontier of single-cell imaging has advanced to the point where it is now possible to compare the chemical contents of individual organelles in terms of raw or normalized ion signal. However, to realize the full potential of this technology, it is necessary to move beyond this concept of relative quantification. Here we present a nanoSIMS imaging method that directly measures the absolute concentration of an organelle-associated, isotopically labeled, pro-drug directly from a mass spectrometry image. This is validated with a recently developed nanoelectrochemistry method for single organelles. We establish a limit of detection based on the number of isotopic labels used and the volume of the organelle of interest, also offering this calculation as a web application. This approach allows subcellular quantification of drugs and metabolites, an overarching and previously unmet goal in cell science and pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Thomen
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Neda Najafinobar
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation,
and Autoimmune, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 430 51, Sweden
| | - Florent Penen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Emma Kay
- Bioscience,
Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 430 51, Sweden
| | - Pratik P. Upadhyay
- Pharmaceutical
Technolgy and Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, 430 52, Sweden
| | - Xianchan Li
- Center
for Imaging and Systems Biology, College of Life and Environmental
Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nhu T. N. Phan
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Per Malmberg
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Magnus Klarqvist
- Early
Product Development, Pharmaceutical Science, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 431 50, Sweden
| | - Shalini Andersson
- New Modalities,
Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 430 51, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Kurczy
- DMPK,
Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 430 51, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
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7
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Castellanos A, Hernandez MG, Tomic-Canic M, Jozic I, Fernandez-Lima F. Multimodal, in Situ Imaging of Ex Vivo Human Skin Reveals Decrease of Cholesterol Sulfate in the Neoepithelium during Acute Wound Healing. Anal Chem 2019; 92:1386-1394. [PMID: 31789498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Skin repair is a significant aspect of human health. While the makeup of healthy stratum corneum and epidermis is generally understood, the mobilization of molecular components during skin repair remains largely unknown. In the present work, we utilize multimodal, in situ, mass spectrometry, and immunofluorescence imaging for the characterization of newly formed epidermis, following an initial acute wound for the first 96 h of epithelization. In particular, TOF-SIMS and confirmatory MALDI FT-ICR MS (/MS) analysis permitted the mapping of several lipid classes, including phospholipids, neutral lipids, cholesterol, ceramides, and free fatty acids. Endogenous lipid species were localized in discrete epidermal skin layers, including the stratum corneum (SC), stratum granulosum (SG), stratum basale (SB), and dermis. Experiments revealed that healthy re-epithelializing skin is characterized by diminished cholesterol sulfate signal along the stratum corneum toward the migrating epithelial tongue. The spatial distribution and relative abundances of cholesterol sulfate are reported and correlated with the healing time. The multimodal imaging approach enabled in situ high-confidence chemical mapping based on accurate mass and fragmentation pattern of molecular components. The use of postanalysis immunofluorescence imaging from the same tissue confirmed the localization of endogenous lipid species and Filaggrin and Cav-1 proteins at high spatial resolution (approximately a few microns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Castellanos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida International University , 11200 SW Eighth Street, AHC4-233 , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
| | - Mario Gomez Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida International University , 11200 SW Eighth Street, AHC4-233 , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB 6056 , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB 6056 , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida International University , 11200 SW Eighth Street, AHC4-233 , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute , Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
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8
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Pan N, Standke SJ, Kothapalli NR, Sun M, Bensen RC, Burgett AWG, Yang Z. Quantification of Drug Molecules in Live Single Cells Using the Single-Probe Mass Spectrometry Technique. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9018-9024. [PMID: 31246408 PMCID: PMC6677389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing cellular constituents on the single-cell level through mass spectrometry (MS) allows for a wide range of compounds to be studied simultaneously. However, there is a need for quantitative single-cell mass spectrometry (qSCMS) methods to fully characterize drug efficacy from individual cells within cell populations. In this study, qSCMS experiments were carried out using the Single-probe MS technique. The method was successfully used to perform rapid absolute quantifications of the anticancer drug irinotecan in individual mammalian cancer cells under ambient conditions in real time. Traditional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) quantifications of irinotecan in cell lysate samples were used to compare the results from Single-probe qSCMS. This technique showcases heterogeneity of drug efficacy on the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Shawna J. Standke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Naga Rama Kothapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Ryan C. Bensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Anthony W. G. Burgett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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9
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Standke SJ, Colby DH, Bensen RC, Burgett AWG, Yang Z. Integrated Cell Manipulation Platform Coupled with the Single-probe for Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites in Single Suspension Cells. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 31282898 DOI: 10.3791/59875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Single cell mass spectrometry (SCMS) enables sensitive detection and accurate analysis of broad ranges of cellular species on the individual-cell level. The single-probe, a microscale sampling and ionization device, can be coupled with a mass spectrometer for on-line, rapid SCMS analysis of cellular constituents under ambient conditions. Previously, the single-probe SCMS technique was primarily used to measure cells immobilized onto a substrate, limiting the types of cells for studies. In the current study, the single-probe SCMS technology has been integrated with a cell manipulation system, typically used for in vitro fertilization. This integrated cell manipulation and analysis platform uses a cell-selection probe to capture identified individual floating cells and transfer the cells to the single-probe tip for microscale lysis, followed by immediate mass spectrometry analysis. This capture and transfer process removes the cells from the surrounding solution prior to analysis, minimizing the introduction of matrix molecules in the mass spectrometry analysis. This integrated setup is capable of SCMS analysis of targeted patient-isolated cells present in body fluids samples (e.g., urine, blood, saliva, etc.), allowing for potential applications of SCMS analysis to human medicine and disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna J Standke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Devon H Colby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Ryan C Bensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | | | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma;
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10
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Zhao JB, Zhang F, Guo YL. Quantitative Analysis of Metabolites at the Single-Cell Level by Hydrogen Flame Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2752-2758. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin-Long Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in Shanghai, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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11
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Haidas D, Bachler S, Köhler M, Blank LM, Zenobi R, Dittrich PS. Microfluidic Platform for Multimodal Analysis of Enzyme Secretion in Nanoliter Droplet Arrays. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2066-2073. [PMID: 30571917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput screening of cell-secreted proteins is essential for various biotechnological applications. In this article, we show a microfluidic approach to perform the analysis of cell-secreted proteins in nanoliter droplet arrays by two complementary methods, fluorescence microscopy and mass spectrometry. We analyzed the secretion of the enzyme phytase, a phosphatase used as an animal feed additive, from a low number of yeast cells. Yeast cells were encapsulated in nanoliter volumes by droplet microfluidics and deposited on spatially defined spots on the surface of a glass slide mounted on the motorized stage of an inverted fluorescence microscope. During the following incubation for several hours to produce phytase, the droplets can be monitored by optical microscopy. After addition of a fluorogenic substrate at a defined time, the relative concentration of phytase was determined in every droplet. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to monitor the multistep conversion of the native substrate phytic acid by phytase secreted in 7 nL droplets containing 50-100 cells. Our method can be adapted to various other protocols. As the droplets are easily accessible, compounds such as assay reagents or matrix molecules can be added to all or to selected droplets only, or part of the droplet volume could be removed. Hence, this platform is a versatile tool for questions related to cell secretome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Haidas
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering , ETH Zürich , Mattenstrasse 26 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Simon Bachler
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering , ETH Zürich , Mattenstrasse 26 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Martin Köhler
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology , RWTH Aachen University , Worringer Weg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Petra S Dittrich
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering , ETH Zürich , Mattenstrasse 26 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
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12
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Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cholesterol. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1115:155-166. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04278-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Mohammadi AS, Li X, Ewing AG. Mass Spectrometry Imaging Suggests That Cisplatin Affects Exocytotic Release by Alteration of Cell Membrane Lipids. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8509-8516. [PMID: 29912552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We used time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging to investigate the effect of cisplatin, the first member of the platinum-based anticancer drugs, on the membrane lipid composition of model cells to see if lipid changes might be involved in the changes in exocytosis observed. Platinum-based anticancer drugs have been reported to affect neurotransmitter release resulting in what is called the "chemobrain"; however, the mechanism for the influence is not yet understood. TOF-SIMS imaging was carried out using a high energy 40 keV (CO2)6000+ gas cluster ion beam with improved sensitivity for intact lipids in biological samples. Principal components analysis showed that cisplatin treatment of PC12 cells significantly affects the abundance of different lipids and their derivatives, particularly phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, which are diminished. Treatment of cells with 2 μM and 100 μM cisplatin showed similar effects on induced lipid changes. Lipid content alterations caused by cisplatin treatment at the cell surface are associated with the molecular and bimolecular signaling pathways of cisplatin-induced apoptosis of cells. We suggest that lipid alterations measured by TOF-SIMS are involved, at least in part, in the regulation of exocytosis by cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeid Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , 40530 Gothenburg , Sweden.,National Center for Imaging Mass Spectrometry , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Xianchan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , 40530 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Gothenburg , 40530 Gothenburg , Sweden.,National Center for Imaging Mass Spectrometry , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
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14
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Murphy TW, Zhang Q, Naler LB, Ma S, Lu C. Recent advances in the use of microfluidic technologies for single cell analysis. Analyst 2017; 143:60-80. [PMID: 29170786 PMCID: PMC5839671 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The inherent heterogeneity in cell populations has become of great interest and importance as analytical techniques have improved over the past decades. With the advent of personalized medicine, understanding the impact of this heterogeneity has become an important challenge for the research community. Many different microfluidic approaches with varying levels of throughput and resolution exist to study single cell activity. In this review, we take a broad view of the recent microfluidic developments in single cell analysis based on microwell, microchamber, and droplet platforms. We cover physical, chemical, and molecular biology approaches for cellular and molecular analysis including newly emerging genome-wide analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis W Murphy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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15
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Thomas A, Lenglet S, Chaurand P, Déglon J, Mangin P, Mach F, Steffens S, Wolfender JL, Staub C. Mass spectrometry for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases based on proteomics and lipidomics. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:20-33. [DOI: 10.1160/th10-12-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThe identification and quantification of proteins and lipids is of major importance for the diagnosis, prognosis and understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease development. Owing to its selectivity and sensitivity, mass spectrometry has become a key technique in analytical platforms for proteomic and lipidomic investigations. Using this technique, many strategies have been developed based on unbiased or targeted approaches to highlight or monitor molecules of interest from biomatrices. Although these approaches have largely been employed in cancer research, this type of investigation has been met by a growing interest in the field of cardiovascular disorders, potentially leading to the discovery of novel biomarkers and the development of new therapies. In this paper, we will review the different mass spectrometry- based proteomic and lipidomic strategies applied in cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Particular attention will be given to recent developments and the role of bioinformatics in data treatment. This review will be of broad interest to the medical community by providing a tutorial of how mass spectrometric strategies can support clinical trials.
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16
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Wang J, Liu F, Mo Y, Wang Z, Zhang S, Zhang X. A new instrument of VUV laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging with micrometer spatial resolution and low level of molecular fragmentation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:114102. [PMID: 29195356 DOI: 10.1063/1.4994173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has important applications in material research, biology, and medicine. The MSI method based on UV laser desorption/ionization (UVLDI) can obtain images of intact samples, but has a high level of molecular fragmentation. In this work, we report a new MSI instrument that uses a VUV laser (125.3 nm) as a desorption/ionization source to exploit its advantages of high single photon energy and small focus size. The new instrument was tested by the mass spectra of Nile red and FGB (Fibrinogen beta chain) samples and mass spectrometric images of a fly brain section. For the tested samples, the VUVDI method offers lower levels of molecular fragmentations and higher sensitivities than those of the UVLDI method and second ion mass spectrometry imaging method using a Bi3+ beam. The ablation crater produced by the focused VUV laser on a quartz plate has an area of 10 μm2. The VUV laser is prepared based on the four-wave mixing method using three collimated laser beams and a heated Hg cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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17
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Comi TJ, Makurath MA, Philip MC, Rubakhin SS, Sweedler JV. MALDI MS Guided Liquid Microjunction Extraction for Capillary Electrophoresis-Electrospray Ionization MS Analysis of Single Pancreatic Islet Cells. Anal Chem 2017. [PMID: 28636327 PMCID: PMC5518278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The ability to characterize chemical
heterogeneity in biological
structures is essential to understanding cellular-level function in
both healthy and diseased states, but these variations remain difficult
to assess using a single analytical technique. While mass spectrometry
(MS) provides sufficient sensitivity to measure many analytes from
volume-limited samples, each type of mass spectrometric analysis uncovers
only a portion of the complete chemical profile of a single cell.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MS and capillary
electrophoresis electrospray ionization (CE–ESI)-MS are complementary
analytical platforms frequently utilized for single-cell analysis.
Optically guided MALDI MS provides a high-throughput assessment of
lipid and peptide content for large populations of cells, but is typically
nonquantitative and fails to detect many low-mass metabolites because
of MALDI matrix interferences. CE–ESI-MS allows quantitative
measurements of cellular metabolites and increased analyte coverage,
but has lower throughput because the electrophoretic separation is
relatively slow. In this work, the figures of merit for each technique
are combined via an off-line method that interfaces the two MS systems
with a custom liquid microjunction surface sampling probe. The probe
is mounted on an xyz translational stage, providing
90.6 ± 0.6% analyte removal efficiency with a spatial targeting
accuracy of 42.8 ± 2.3 μm. The analyte extraction footprint
is an elliptical area with a major diameter of 422 ± 21 μm
and minor diameter of 335 ± 27 μm. To validate the approach,
single rat pancreatic islet cells were rapidly analyzed with optically
guided MALDI MS to classify each cell into established cell types
by their peptide content. After MALDI MS analysis, a majority of the
analyte remains for follow-up measurements to extend the overall chemical
coverage. Optically guided MALDI MS was used to identify individual
pancreatic islet α and β cells, which were then targeted
for liquid microjunction extraction. Extracts from single α
and β cells were analyzed with CE–ESI-MS to obtain qualitative
information on metabolites, including amino acids. Matching the molecular
masses and relative migration times of the extracted analytes and
related standards allowed identification of several amino acids. Interestingly,
dopamine was consistently detected in both cell types. The results
demonstrate the successful interface of optical microscopy-guided
MALDI MS and CE–ESI-MS for sequential chemical profiling of
individual, mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy J Comi
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, and ‡Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Monika A Makurath
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, and ‡Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Marina C Philip
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, and ‡Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Stanislav S Rubakhin
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, and ‡Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, and ‡Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
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18
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Wu K, Jia F, Zheng W, Luo Q, Zhao Y, Wang F. Visualization of metallodrugs in single cells by secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:653-661. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Lithium Accumulates in Neurogenic Brain Regions as Revealed by High Resolution Ion Imaging. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40726. [PMID: 28098178 PMCID: PMC5241875 DOI: 10.1038/srep40726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a potent mood stabilizer and displays neuroprotective and neurogenic properties. Despite extensive investigations, the mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated, especially in the juvenile, developing brain. Here we characterized lithium distribution in the juvenile mouse brain during 28 days of continuous treatment that result in clinically relevant serum concentrations. By using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry- (ToF-SIMS) based imaging we were able to delineate temporospatial lithium profile throughout the brain and concurrent distribution of endogenous lipids with high chemical specificity and spatial resolution. We found that Li accumulated in neurogenic regions and investigated the effects on hippocampal neurogenesis. Lithium increased proliferation, as judged by Ki67-immunoreactivity, but did not alter the number of doublecortin-positive neuroblasts at the end of the treatment period. Moreover, ToF-SIMS revealed a steady depletion of sphingomyelin in white matter regions during 28d Li-treatment, particularly in the olfactory bulb. In contrast, cortical levels of cholesterol and choline increased over time in Li-treated mice. This is the first study describing ToF-SIMS imaging for probing the brain-wide accumulation of supplemented Li in situ. The findings demonstrate that this technique is a powerful approach for investigating the distribution and effects of neuroprotective agents in the brain.
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20
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Bergman HM, Lanekoff I. Profiling and quantifying endogenous molecules in single cells using nano-DESI MS. Analyst 2017; 142:3639-3647. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00885f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nano-DESI MS enables sensitive molecular profiling and quantification of endogenous species in single cells in a higher throughput manner.
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21
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Rao W, Pan N, Yang Z. Applications of the Single-probe: Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Single Cell Analysis under Ambient Conditions. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27341402 PMCID: PMC4924803 DOI: 10.3791/53911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and in-situ single cell mass spectrometry (SCMS) analysis under ambient conditions are two emerging fields with great potential for the detailed mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of biomolecules from biological samples. The single-probe, a miniaturized device with integrated sampling and ionization capabilities, is capable of performing both ambient MSI and in-situ SCMS analysis. For ambient MSI, the single-probe uses surface micro-extraction to continually conduct MS analysis of the sample, and this technique allows the creation of MS images with high spatial resolution (8.5 µm) from biological samples such as mouse brain and kidney sections. Ambient MSI has the advantage that little to no sample preparation is needed before the analysis, which reduces the amount of potential artifacts present in data acquisition and allows a more representative analysis of the sample to be acquired. For in-situ SCMS, the single-probe tip can be directly inserted into live eukaryotic cells such as HeLa cells, due to the small sampling tip size (< 10 µm), and this technique is capable of detecting a wide range of metabolites inside individual cells at near real-time. SCMS enables a greater sensitivity and accuracy of chemical information to be acquired at the single cell level, which could improve our understanding of biological processes at a more fundamental level than previously possible. The single-probe device can be potentially coupled with a variety of mass spectrometers for broad ranges of MSI and SCMS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma;
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22
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Pan N, Rao W, Standke SJ, Yang Z. Using Dicationic Ion-Pairing Compounds To Enhance the Single Cell Mass Spectrometry Analysis Using the Single-Probe: A Microscale Sampling and Ionization Device. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6812-9. [PMID: 27239862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A unique mass spectrometry (MS) method has been developed to determine the negatively charged species in live single cells using the positive ionization mode. The method utilizes dicationic ion-pairing compounds through the miniaturized multifunctional device, the single-probe, for reactive MS analysis of live single cells under ambient conditions. In this study, two dicationic reagents, 1,5-pentanediyl-bis(1-butylpyrrolidinium) difluoride (C5(bpyr)2F2) and 1,3-propanediyl-bis(tripropylphosphonium) difluoride (C3(triprp)2F2), were added in the solvent and introduced into single cells to extract cellular contents for real-time MS analysis. The negatively charged (1- charged) cell metabolites, which form stable ion-pairs (1+ charged) with dicationic compounds (2+ charged), were detected in positive ionization mode with a greatly improved sensitivity. We have tentatively assigned 192 and 70 negatively charged common metabolites as adducts with (C5(bpyr)2F2) and (C3(triprp)2F2), respectively, in three separate SCMS experiments in the positive ion mode. The total number of tentatively assigned metabolites is 285 for C5(bpyr)2F2 and 143 for C3(triprp)2F2. In addition, the selectivity of dicationic compounds in the complex formation allows for the discrimination of overlapped ion peaks with low abundances. Tandem (MS/MS) analyses at the single cell level were conducted for selected adduct ions for molecular identification. The utilization of the dicationic compounds in the single-probe MS technique provides an effective approach to the detection of a broad range of metabolites at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Wei Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Shawna J Standke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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23
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Hölscher D, Fuchser J, Knop K, Menezes RC, Buerkert A, Svatoš A, Schubert US, Schneider B. High resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals the occurrence of phenylphenalenone-type compounds in red paracytic stomata and red epidermis tissue of Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. 'Rowe Red'. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 116:239-245. [PMID: 26004822 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The banana epidermis and in particular their stomata are conducive sites for the penetration of pathogenic fungi which can severely limit global banana production. The red pseudostem of the ornamental banana Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina cv. 'Rowe Red' was used to study the chemical constituents of the epidermal cell layer using matrix-free laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric imaging (LDI-FT-ICR-MSI). The high resolution of this technique allowed phenylphenalenone-type compounds to be located in single plant cells. Some of these secondary metabolites were identified as constitutive compounds and found in specialized epidermal cells in banana pseudostem tissue. Especially the red paracytic stomata revealed higher signal intensities of certain phenylphenalenones than normal epidermis cells. The ease of detection of polycyclic aromatic compounds on the cellular level is discussed with regard to future investigations of plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Hölscher
- Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany; Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
| | - Jens Fuchser
- Application Development Pharma, Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Fahrenheitstrasse 4, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Katrin Knop
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Riya C Menezes
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Buerkert
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernd Schneider
- Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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24
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Murayama Y, Satoh S, Hashiguchi A, Yamazaki K, Hashimoto H, Sakamoto M. Visualization of acetaminophen-induced liver injury by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2015. [PMID: 26209348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (MS) provides secondary ion images that reflect distributions of substances with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. To evaluate the use of time-of-flight secondary ion MS to capture subcellular chemical changes in a tissue specimen, we visualized cellular damage showing a three-zone distribution in mouse liver tissue injured by acetaminophen overdose. First, we selected two types of ion peaks related to the hepatocyte nucleus and cytoplasm using control mouse liver. Acetaminophen-overdosed mouse liver was then classified into three areas using the time-of-flight secondary ion MS image of the two types of peaks, which roughly corresponded to established histopathological features. The ion peaks related to the cytoplasm decreased as the injury became more severe, and their origin was assumed to be mostly glycogen based on comparison with periodic acid-Schiff staining images and reference compound spectra. This indicated that the time-of-flight secondary ion MS image of the acetaminophen-overdosed mouse liver represented the chemical changes mainly corresponding to glycogen depletion on a subcellular scale. In addition, this technique also provided information on lipid species related to the injury. These results suggest that time-of-flight secondary ion MS has potential utility in histopathological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Murayama
- Frontier Research Center, Canon, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan.
| | - Shuya Satoh
- Frontier Research Center, Canon, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Akinori Hashiguchi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | | | - Michiie Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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25
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Zhang L, Foreman DP, Grant PA, Shrestha B, Moody SA, Villiers F, Kwak JM, Vertes A. In situ metabolic analysis of single plant cells by capillary microsampling and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with ion mobility separation. Analyst 2014; 139:5079-85. [PMID: 25109271 DOI: 10.1039/c4an01018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in single cell analysis techniques have demonstrated cell-to-cell variability in both homogeneous and heterogeneous cell populations strengthening our understanding of multicellular organisms and individual cell behaviour. However, additional tools are needed for non-targeted metabolic analysis of live single cells in their native environment. Here, we combine capillary microsampling with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility separation (IMS) for the analysis of various single A. thaliana epidermal cell types, including pavement and basal cells, and trichomes. To achieve microsampling of different cell types with distinct morphology, custom-tailored microcapillaries were used to extract the cell contents. To eliminate the isobaric interferences and enhance the ion coverage in single cell analysis, a rapid separation technique, IMS, was introduced that retained ions based on their collision cross sections. For each cell type, the extracted cell material was directly electrosprayed resulting in ∼200 peaks in ESI-MS and ∼400 different ions in ESI-IMS-MS, the latter representing a significantly enhanced coverage. Based on their accurate masses and tandem MS, 23 metabolites and lipids were tentatively identified. Our results indicated that profound metabolic differences existed between the trichome and the other two cell types but differences between pavement and basal cells were hard to discern. The spectra indicated that in all three A. thaliana cell types the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway had high coverage. In addition, metabolites from the subpathway, sinapic acid ester biosynthesis, were more abundant in single pavement and basal cells, whereas compounds from the kaempferol glycoside biosynthesis pathway were present at significantly higher level in trichomes. Our results demonstrate that capillary microsampling coupled with ESI-IMS-MS captures metabolic differences between A. thaliana epidermal cell types, paving the way for the non-targeted analysis of single plant cells and subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and Applications, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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26
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Emerging mass spectrometry techniques for the direct analysis of microbial colonies. Curr Opin Microbiol 2014; 19:120-129. [PMID: 25064218 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the emerging areas in microbiology is detecting specialized metabolites produced by microbial colonies and communities with mass spectrometry. In this review/perspective, we illustrate the emerging mass spectrometry methodologies that enable the interrogation of specialized metabolites directly from microbial colonies. Mass spectrometry techniques such as imaging mass spectrometry and real-time mass spectrometry allow two and three-dimensional visualization of the distribution of metabolites, often with minimal sample pretreatment. The speed in which molecules are captured using these methods requires the development of new molecular visualization tools such as molecular networking. Together, these tools are beginning to provide unprecedented insight into the chemical world that microbes experience.
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27
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Kraft ML, Klitzing HA. Imaging lipids with secondary ion mass spectrometry. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1108-19. [PMID: 24657337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the application of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and magnetic sector SIMS with high lateral resolution performed on a Cameca NanoSIMS 50(L) to imaging lipids. The similarities between the two SIMS approaches and the differences that impart them with complementary strengths are described, and various strategies for sample preparation and to optimize the quality of the SIMS data are presented. Recent reports that demonstrate the new insight into lipid biochemistry that can be acquired with SIMS are also highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Haley A Klitzing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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28
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Lanekoff I, Thomas M, Laskin J. Shotgun Approach for Quantitative Imaging of Phospholipids Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1872-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403931r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Lanekoff
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Mathew Thomas
- Computational
Science and Mathematics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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29
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Klepárník K, Foret F. Recent advances in the development of single cell analysis--a review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 800:12-21. [PMID: 24120162 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of techniques for the analysis of the content of individual cells represents an important direction in modern bioanalytical chemistry. While the analysis of chromosomes, organelles, or location of selected proteins has been traditionally the domain of microscopic techniques, the advances in miniaturized analytical systems bring new possibilities for separations and detections of molecules inside the individual cells including smaller molecules such as hormones or metabolites. It should be stressed that the field of single cell analysis is very broad, covering advanced optical, electrochemical and mass spectrometry instrumentation, sensor technology and separation techniques. The number of papers published on single cell analysis has reached several hundred in recent years. Thus a complete literature coverage is beyond the limits of a journal article. The following text provides a critical overview of some of the latest developments with the main focus on mass spectrometry, microseparation methods, electrophoresis in capillaries and microfluidic devices and respective detection techniques for performing single cell analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Klepárník
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic.
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30
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Hanrieder J, Phan NTN, Kurczy ME, Ewing AG. Imaging mass spectrometry in neuroscience. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:666-79. [PMID: 23530951 DOI: 10.1021/cn400053c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry is an emerging technique of great potential for investigating the chemical architecture in biological matrices. Although the potential for studying neurobiological systems is evident, the relevance of the technique for application in neuroscience is still in its infancy. In the present Review, a principal overview of the different approaches, including matrix assisted laser desorption ionization and secondary ion mass spectrometry, is provided with particular focus on their strengths and limitations for studying different neurochemical species in situ and in vitro. The potential of the various approaches is discussed based on both fundamental and biomedical neuroscience research. This Review aims to serve as a general guide to familiarize the neuroscience community and other biomedical researchers with the technique, highlighting its great potential and suitability for comprehensive and specific chemical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Hanrieder
- National Center
for Imaging
Mass Spectrometry, Gothenburg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Nhu T. N. Phan
- National Center
for Imaging
Mass Spectrometry, Gothenburg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular
Biology, Analytical Chemistry, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Kurczy
- National Center
for Imaging
Mass Spectrometry, Gothenburg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- National Center
for Imaging
Mass Spectrometry, Gothenburg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular
Biology, Analytical Chemistry, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wilson RL, Kraft ML. Quantifying the molar percentages of cholesterol in supported lipid membranes by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis. Anal Chem 2012. [PMID: 23199099 DOI: 10.1021/ac301856z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The uneven cholesterol distribution among organelles and within the plasma membrane is postulated to be critical for proper cellular function. To study how interactions between cholesterol and specific lipid species contribute to the uneven cholesterol distribution between and within cellular membranes, model lipid membranes are frequently employed. Although the cholesterol distributions within membranes can be directly imaged without labels by using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), quantifying the cholesterol abundance at specific membrane locations in a label-free manner remains a challenge. Here, partial least-squares regression (PLSR) of TOF-SIMS data is used to quantitatively measure the local molar percentage (mol %) of cholesterol within supported lipid membranes. With the use of TOF-SIMS data from lipid membranes of known composition, a PLSR model was constructed that correlated the spectral variation to the mol % cholesterol in the membrane. The PLSR model was then used to measure the mol % cholesterol in test membranes and to measure cholesterol exchange between vesicles and supported lipid membranes. The accuracy of these measurements was assessed by comparison to the mol % cholesterol measured with conventional assays. By using this TOF-SIMS/PLSR approach to quantify the mol % cholesterol with location specificity, a better understanding of how the regional lipid composition influences cholesterol abundance and exchange in membranes may be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801, United States
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32
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Fletcher JS, Vickerman JC. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry: Characterizing Complex Samples in Two and Three Dimensions. Anal Chem 2012; 85:610-39. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303088m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John S. Fletcher
- Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - John C. Vickerman
- Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Stolee JA, Shrestha B, Mengistu G, Vertes A. Observation of Subcellular Metabolite Gradients in Single Cells by Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10386-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Stolee JA, Shrestha B, Mengistu G, Vertes A. Observation of Subcellular Metabolite Gradients in Single Cells by Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Chang CC, Chen CN, Lin WJ, Lo TY, Lei SL, Mai FD. Novel method to prepare biological samples using powerful magnets on TOF-SIMS analysis. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Nan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine; Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei; 11031; Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Jhih Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science; Taipei Medical University; Taipei; 11031; Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Shiou-Ling Lei
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30047; Taiwan, ROC
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36
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Lanni EJ, Rubakhin SS, Sweedler JV. Mass spectrometry imaging and profiling of single cells. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5036-5051. [PMID: 22498881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging and profiling of individual cells and subcellular structures provide unique analytical capabilities for biological and biomedical research, including determination of the biochemical heterogeneity of cellular populations and intracellular localization of pharmaceuticals. Two mass spectrometry technologies-secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS)-are most often used in micro-bioanalytical investigations. Recent advances in ion probe technologies have increased the dynamic range and sensitivity of analyte detection by SIMS, allowing two- and three-dimensional localization of analytes in a variety of cells. SIMS operating in the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) mode can routinely reach spatial resolutions at the submicron level; therefore, it is frequently used in studies of the chemical composition of subcellular structures. MALDI MS offers a large mass range and high sensitivity of analyte detection. It has been successfully applied in a variety of single-cell and organelle profiling studies. Innovative instrumentation such as scanning microprobe MALDI and mass microscope spectrometers enables new subcellular MSI measurements. Other approaches for MS-based chemical imaging and profiling include those based on near-field laser ablation and inductively-coupled plasma MS analysis, which offer complementary capabilities for subcellular chemical imaging and profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Lanni
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana IL 61801, USA
| | - Stanislav S Rubakhin
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana IL 61801, USA
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana IL 61801, USA.
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37
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Chemical imaging of cardiac cell and tissue by using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Mol Imaging Biol 2012; 13:1067-76. [PMID: 21161688 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-010-0460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification and localization of biomolecules in cells and tissue samples are important for understanding of subcellular structures and can be helpful in biomedical and pharmaceutical research. PROCEDURES Isolated cardiac cells and tissue of rats are studied by using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. This technique provides chemical composition of cardiac cell membrane and tissue surface in native form. RESULTS The result is a spatially resolved chemical imaging of cell and tissue surfaces as a lateral distribution of biologically relevant molecules-phospholipids, along with fatty acids, and cholesterol. Phospholipids are represented by phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin molecules and their fragments. Phosphatidylcholine polar head group at mass of 184.1 u has an origin in the cell membrane, and a two-dimensional distribution of this fragment provides clear chemical contours of the cell. The high-resolution contrast of the cell is observed within its environment represented with Na(+) ions. Images of PO(4)H(-) fragment and fatty acids with 16 or 18 C atoms are determined in cardiac tissue. Distributions of these 16 and 18 C fatty acids are the same within their groups, and interestingly, these two distribution groups are spatially complementary. Contours of phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin fragments are also complementary, the distributions of 16 C fatty acids and phosphatidylcholine are identical, and the distributions of 18 C fatty acids and cardiolipin are also the same. This complementarity thus supports the chemical compositions of phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin based on 16 C and 18 C fatty acids, respectively. CONCLUSION The method provides information not only about cell and tissue morphology, shape, and condition but also about cellular membrane chemical composition and lateral distribution of biologically relevant molecules.
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Abstract
Traditional ‘macroscopic’ pharmacokinetics (PK) investigates the fate of drugs or toxicants administered externally to living organisms, described by the extent and rate of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. However, how a single cell affects a specific pharmaceutical after administration still remains a largely untouched area, primarily due to the technical restrictions imposed by minute amounts of chemicals involved. With the fast development of high-temporal and spatial-resolution detection techniques and single-cell handling techniques, it becomes possible to pursue single-cell PK. This review summarizes useful methodological and experimental techniques to investigate PK at the level of the single cell, including the microfluidics-based single-cell manipulation and the MS and electrochemical methods for single-cell analysis.
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Barnes CA, Brison J, Robinson M, Graham DJ, Castner DG, Ratner BD. Identifying individual cell types in heterogeneous cultures using secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging with C60 etching and multivariate analysis. Anal Chem 2012; 84:893-900. [PMID: 22098081 PMCID: PMC3264684 DOI: 10.1021/ac201179t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches fabricate and subsequently implant cell-seeded and unseeded scaffold biomaterials. Once in the body, these biomaterials are repopulated with somatic cells of various phenotypes whose identification upon explantation can be expensive and time-consuming. We show that imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) can be used to distinguish mammalian cell types in heterogeneous cultures. Primary rat esophageal epithelial cells (REEC) were cultured with NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts on tissue culture polystyrene and freeze-dried before TOF-SIMS imaging. Results show that a short etching sequence with C(60)(+) ions can be used to clean the sample surface and improve the TOF-SIMS image quality. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to identify peaks whose contributions to the total variance in the multivariate model were due to either the two cell types or the substrate. Using PLS-DA, unknown regions of cellularity that were otherwise unidentifiable by SIMS could be classified. From the loadings in the PLS-DA model, peaks were selected that were indicative of the two cell types and TOF-SIMS images were created and overlaid that showed the ability of this method to distinguish features visually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Barnes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington 3720 15 Ave NE Box 355061 Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington Box 351750 Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Jeremy Brison
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington 3720 15 Ave NE Box 355061 Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Michael Robinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington Box 351750 Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Daniel J. Graham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington 3720 15 Ave NE Box 355061 Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington Box 351750 Seattle, WA 98195
| | - David G. Castner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington 3720 15 Ave NE Box 355061 Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington Box 351750 Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Buddy D. Ratner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington 3720 15 Ave NE Box 355061 Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington Box 351750 Seattle, WA 98195
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40
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Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the biophysical properties of biological membranes, and its concentration is tightly controlled by homeostatic processes. The intracellular transport of cholesterol among organelles is a key part of the homeostatic mechanism, but sterol transport processes are not well understood. Fluorescence microscopy is a valuable tool for studying intracellular transport processes, but this method can be challenging for lipid molecules because addition of a fluorophore may alter the properties of the molecule greatly. We discuss the use of fluorescent molecules that can bind to cholesterol to reveal its distribution in cells. We also discuss the use of intrinsically fluorescent sterols that closely mimic cholesterol, as well as some minimally modified fluorophore-labeled sterols. Methods for imaging these sterols by conventional fluorescence microscopy and by multiphoton microscopy are described. Some label-free methods for imaging cholesterol itself are also discussed briefly.
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41
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Lanekoff I, Sjövall P, Ewing AG. Relative quantification of phospholipid accumulation in the PC12 cell plasma membrane following phospholipid incubation using TOF-SIMS imaging. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5337-43. [PMID: 21563801 DOI: 10.1021/ac200771g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging has been used to investigate the incorporation of phospholipids into the plasma membrane of PC12 cells after incubation with phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The incubations were done at concentrations previously shown to change the rate of exocytosis in model cell lines. The use of TOF-SIMS in combination with an in situ freeze fracture device enables the acquisition of ion images from the plasma membrane in single PC12 cells. By incubating cells with deuterated phospholipids and acquiring ion images at high mass resolution, specific deuterated fragment ions were used to monitor the incorporation of lipids into the plasma membrane. The concentration of incorporated phospholipids relative to the original concentration of PC was thus determined. The observed relative amounts of phospholipid accumulation in the membrane range from 0.5 to 2% following 19 h of incubation with PC at 100-300 μM and from 1 to 9% following incubation with PE at the same concentrations. Phospholipid accumulation is therefore shown to be dependent on the concentration in the surrounding media. In combination with previous exocytosis results, the present data suggests that very small changes in the plasma membrane phospholipid concentration are sufficient to produce significant effects on important cellular processes, such as exocytosis in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Lanekoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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42
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Koeniger SL, Talaty N, Luo Y, Ready D, Voorbach M, Seifert T, Cepa S, Fagerland JA, Bouska J, Buck W, Johnson RW, Spanton S. A quantitation method for mass spectrometry imaging. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:503-10. [PMID: 21259359 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A new quantitation method for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) has been developed. In this method, drug concentrations were determined by tissue homogenization of five 10 µm tissue sections adjacent to those analyzed by MSI. Drug levels in tissue extracts were measured by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The integrated MSI response was correlated to the LC/MS/MS drug concentrations to determine the amount of drug detected per MSI ion count. The study reported here evaluates olanzapine in liver tissue. Tissue samples containing a range of concentrations were created from liver harvested from rats administered a single dose of olanzapine at 0, 1, 4, 8, 16, 30, or 100 mg/kg. The liver samples were then analyzed by MALDI-MSI and LC/MS/MS. The MALDI-MSI and LC/MS/MS correlation was determined for tissue concentrations of ~300 to 60,000 ng/g and yielded a linear relationship over two orders of magnitude (R(2) = 0.9792). From this correlation, a conversion factor of 6.3 ± 0.23 fg/ion count was used to quantitate MSI responses at the pixel level (100 µm). The details of the method, its importance in pharmaceutical analysis, and the considerations necessary when implementing it are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stormy L Koeniger
- Advanced Technology, GPRD, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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43
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Szakal C, Narayan K, Fu J, Lefman J, Subramaniam S. Compositional mapping of the surface and interior of mammalian cells at submicrometer resolution. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1207-13. [PMID: 21268648 DOI: 10.1021/ac1030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We present progress toward imaging of chemical species within intact mammalian cells using secondary ion mass spectrometry, including the simultaneous mapping of subcellular elemental and molecular species along with intrinsic membrane-specific cellular markers. Results from imaging both the cell surface and cell interior exposed by site-specific focused ion beam milling demonstrate that in-plane resolutions of approximately 400-500 nm can be achieved. The results from mapping cell surface phosphatidylcholine and several other molecular ions present in the cells establish that spatially resolved chemical signatures of individual cells can be derived from novel multivariate analysis and classification of the molecular images obtained at different m/z ratios. The methods we present here for specimen preparation and chemical imaging of cell interiors provide the foundation for obtaining 3D molecular maps of unstained mammalian cells, with particular relevance for probing the subcellular distributions of small molecules, such as drugs and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Szakal
- Surface and Microanalysis Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8371, USA.
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44
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Abstract
Characterizing the molecular contents of individual cells is critical for understanding fundamental mechanisms of biological processes. Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) of biological systems has been steadily gaining popularity for its ability to create precise chemical images of biological samples, thereby revealing new biological insights and improving understanding of disease. In order to acquire mass spectral images from single cells that contain relevant molecular information, samples must be prepared such that cell-culture components, especially salts, are eliminated from the cell surface and that the cell contents are accessible to the mass spectrometer. We have demonstrated a cellular preparation technique for IMS that preserves the basic morphology of cultured cells, allows mass spectrometric chemical profiling of cytosol, and removes the majority of the interfering species derived from the cellular growth medium. Using this protocol, we achieve high-quality, reproducible IMS images from three diverse cell types: MCF7 human breast cancer cells, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, and NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts. This preparation method allows rapid and routine IMS analysis of cultured cells, making possible a wide variety of experiments to further scientific understanding of molecular processes within individual cells.
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45
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Yang HJ, Ishizaki I, Sanada N, Zaima N, Sugiura Y, Yao I, Ikegami K, Setou M. Detection of characteristic distributions of phospholipid head groups and fatty acids on neurite surface by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Med Mol Morphol 2010; 43:158-64. [PMID: 20857264 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-009-0487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurons have a large surface because of their long and thin neurites. This surface is composed of a lipid bilayer. Lipids have not been actively investigated so far because of some technical difficulties, although evidence from cell biology is emerging that lipids contain valuable information about their roles in the central nervous system. Recent progress in techniques, e.g., mass spectrometry, opens a new epoch of lipid research. We show herein the characteristic localization of phospholipid components in neurites by means of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. We used explant cultures of mouse superior cervical ganglia, which are widely used by neurite investigation research. In a positive-ion detection mode, phospholipid head group molecules were predominantly detected. The ions of m/z 206.1 [phosphocholine, a common component of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)] were evenly distributed throughout the neurites, whereas the ions of m/z 224.1, 246.1 (glycerophosphocholine, a part of PC, but not SM) showed relatively strong intensity on neurites adjacent to soma. In a negative-ion detection mode, fatty acids such as oleic and palmitic acids were mainly detected, showing high intensity on neurites adjacent to soma. Our results suggest that lipid components on the neuritic surface show characteristic distributions depending on neurite region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeong Yang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
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46
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Lanekoff I, Kurczy ME, Hill R, Fletcher JS, Vickerman JC, Winograd N, Sjövall P, Ewing AG. Time of flight mass spectrometry imaging of samples fractured in situ with a spring-loaded trap system. Anal Chem 2010; 82:6652-9. [PMID: 20593800 PMCID: PMC2922971 DOI: 10.1021/ac101243b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An in situ freeze fracture device featuring a spring-loaded trap system has been designed and characterized for time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF SIMS) analysis of single cells. The device employs the sandwich assembly, which is typically used in freeze fracture TOF SIMS experiments to prepare frozen, hydrated cells for high-resolution SIMS imaging. The addition of the spring-loaded trap system to the sandwich assembly offers two advances to this sample preparation method. First, mechanizing the fracture by adding a spring standardizes each fracture by removing the need to manually remove the top of the sandwich assembly with a cryogenically cooled knife. A second advance is brought about because the top of the sandwich is not discarded after the sandwich assembly has been fractured. This results in two imaging surfaces effectively doubling the sample size and providing the unique ability to image both sections of a cell bifurcated by the fracture. Here, we report TOF SIMS analysis of freeze fractured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells using a Bi cluster ion source. This work exhibits the ability to obtain single cell chemical images with subcellular lateral resolution from cells preserved in an ice matrix. In addition to preserving the cells, the signal from lipid fragment ions rarely identified in single cells are better observed in the freeze-fractured samples for these experiments. Furthermore, using the accepted argument that K(+) signal indicates a cell that has been fractured though the cytoplasm, we have also identified different fracture planes of cells over the surface. Coupling a mechanized freeze fracture device to high-resolution cluster SIMS imaging will provide the sensitivity and resolution as well as the number of trials required to carry out biologically relevant SIMS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Lanekoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Kurczy
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA 16802
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Rowland Hill
- Ionoptika Ltd, Unit 7, Warrior Park, Eagle Close, Chandlers Ford, Hampshire, SO53 4NF, UK
| | | | | | - Nick Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA 16802
| | - Peter Sjövall
- Chemistry and Materials Technology, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA 16802
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47
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Lanekoff I, Kurczy ME, Adams KL, Malm J, Karlsson R, Sjövall P, Ewing AG. An in situ fracture device to image lipids in single cells using ToF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Analytical techniques for single-cell metabolomics: state of the art and trends. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2493-504. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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49
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Piwowar A, Fletcher J, Lockyer N, Vickerman J. Top-down approach to studying biological components using ToF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Chughtai
- FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M.A. Heeren
- FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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