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Samadi Pakchin P, Fathi F, Samadi H, Adibkia K. Recent advances in receptor-based optical biosensors for the detection of multiplex biomarkers. Talanta 2024; 281:126852. [PMID: 39321560 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Multiplex biosensors are highly sought-after tools in disease diagnosis. This technique involves the simultaneous sensing of multiple biomarkers, whose levels and ratios can provide a more comprehensive assessment of disease conditions compared to single biomarker detection. In most diseases like cancer due to its complexity, several biomarkers are involved in their occurrence. On the other hand, a single biomarker may be implicated in various diseases. Multiplex sensing employs various techniques, such as optical, electrochemical, and electrochemiluminescence methods. This comprehensive review focuses on optical multiplex sensing techniques, including surface plasmon resonance, localized surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, chemiluminescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and photonic crystal sensors. The review delves into their mechanisms, materials utilized, and strategies for biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Hamed Samadi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Ahn H, Kim S, Oh SS, Park M, Kim S, Choi JR, Kim K. Plasmonic Nanopillars-A Brief Investigation of Fabrication Techniques and Biological Applications. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050534. [PMID: 37232896 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanopillars (NPs) are submicron-sized pillars composed of dielectrics, semiconductors, or metals. They have been employed to develop advanced optical components such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and biophotonic devices. To integrate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) with NPs, plasmonic NPs consisting of dielectric nanoscale pillars with metal capping have been developed and used for plasmonic optical sensing and imaging applications. In this study, we studied plasmonic NPs in terms of their fabrication techniques and applications in biophotonics. We briefly described three methods for fabricating NPs, namely etching, nanoimprinting, and growing NPs on a substrate. Furthermore, we explored the role of metal capping in plasmonic enhancement. Then, we presented the biophotonic applications of high-sensitivity LSPR sensors, enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution plasmonic optical imaging. After exploring plasmonic NPs, we determined that they had sufficient potential for advanced biophotonic instruments and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesang Ahn
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Suk Oh
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihee Park
- Educational Research Center for the Personalized Healthcare based on Cogno-Mechatronics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchul Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- The Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ryul Choi
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyujung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- The Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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3
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Chiang CY, Chen CH, Wu CW. Fiber Optic Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Carboxymethylated Dextran Modified Gold Nanoparticles Surface for High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050522. [PMID: 37232883 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is essential for medical and diagnostic applications due to its important role as a biomarker of chronic inflammation. Here, we report a facile method for the detection of HMGB1 using carboxymethyl dextran (CM-dextran) as a bridge molecule modified on the surface of gold nanoparticles combined with a fiber optic localized surface plasmon resonance (FOLSPR) biosensor. Under optimal conditions, the results showed that the FOLSPR sensor detected HMGB1 with a wide linear range (10-10 to 10-6 g/mL), fast response (less than 10 min), and a low detection limit of 43.4 pg/mL (1.7 pM) and high correlation coefficient values (>0.9928). Furthermore, the accurate quantification and reliable validation of kinetic binding events measured by the currently working biosensors are comparable to surface plasmon resonance sensing systems, providing new insights into direct biomarker detection for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yue Chiang
- Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology and Interdisciplinary Program of Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Chen
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Wu
- Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology and Interdisciplinary Program of Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
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Liu J, Hu X, Hu Y, Chen P, Xu H, Hu W, Zhao Y, Wu P, Liu GL. Dual AuNPs detecting probe enhanced the NanoSPR effect for the high-throughput detection of the cancer microRNA21 biomarker. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 225:115084. [PMID: 36693286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA21 (miR-21), a specific tumor biomarker, is crucial for the diagnosis of several cancer types, and investigation of its overexpression pattern is important for cancer diagnosis. Herein, we report a low-cost, rapid, ultrasensitive, and convenient biosensing strategy for the detection of miR-21 using a nanoplasmonic array chip coupled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This sensing platform combines the surface plasmon resonance effect of nanoplasmonics (NanoSPR) and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, which allows the real-time monitoring of the subtle optical density (OD) changes caused by the variations in the dielectric constant in the process of the hybridization of the target miRNA. Using this method, the miRNA achieves a broad detection range from 100 aM to 1 μM, and with a limit of detection (LoD) of 1.85 aM. Furthermore, this assay also has a single-base resolution to discriminate the highly homologous miRNAs. More importantly, this platform has high throughput characteristics (96 samples can be detected simultaneously). This strategy exhibits more than 86.5 times enhancement in terms of sensitivity compared to that of traditional biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxiang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luo Yu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xulong Hu
- Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yinxia Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ping Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luo Yu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Liangzhun (Shanghai) Industrial Co. Ltd., Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luo Yu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanteng Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Ping Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luo Yu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Gang L Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luo Yu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Farmer G, Abraham J, Littler C, Syllaios AJ, Philipose U. Growth of Highly-Ordered Metal Nanoparticle Arrays in the Dimpled Pores of an Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3929. [PMID: 36432214 PMCID: PMC9695744 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A reliable, scalable, and inexpensive technology for the fabrication of ordered arrays of metal nanoparticles with large areal coverage on various substrates is presented. The nanoparticle arrays were formed on aluminum substrates using a two-step anodization process. By varying the anodization potential, the pore diameter, inter-pore spacing, and pore ordering in the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template were tuned. Following a chemical etch, the height of the pores in the AAO membrane were reduced to create a dimpled membrane surface. Periodic arrays of metal nanoparticles were subsequently created by evaporating metal on to the dimpled surface, allowing for individual nanoparticles to form within the dimples by a solid state de-wetting process induced by annealing. The ordered nanoparticle array could then be transferred to a substrate of choice using a polymer lift-off method. Following optimization of the experimental parameters, it was possible to obtain cm2 coverage of metal nanoparticles, like gold and indium, on silicon, quartz and sapphire substrates, with average sizes in the range of 50-90 nm. The de-wetting process was investigated for a specific geometry of the dimpled surface and the results explained for two different film thicknesses. Using a simple model, the experimental results were interpreted and supported by numerical estimations.
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Chokkareddy R, Kanchi S, Inamuddin. A Mini Review on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering based Nanoclusters
for Sensing and Imaging Applications. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411017999210101162831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The invention of enhanced Raman scattering by adsorbing molecules on nanostructured metal
surfaces is a milestone in the development of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Important experimental and
theoretical efforts were geared towards understanding the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering effect (SERS) and evaluating
its significance in a wide range of fields in different types of ultrasensitive sensing applications.
Methods:
Metal nanoclusters have been widely studied due to their unique structure and individual properties, which place
them among single metal atoms and larger nanoparticles. In general, the nanoparticles with a size less than 2 nm is defined
as nanoclusters (NCs) and they possess distinct optical properties. In addition, the excited electrons from absorption bands
results in the emission of positive luminescence associated to the quantum size effect in which separate energy levels are
produced.
Results:
It is demonstrated that fluorescent based SERS investigations of metal nanoparticles have showed more
photostability, high compatibility, and good water solubility, has resulted in high sensitivity, better imaging and sensing
experience in the biomedical applications.
Conclusion:
In the present review, we report recent trends in the synthesis of metal nanoclusters and their applications in
biosensing and bio-imaging applications due some benefits including cost-effectiveness, easy synthesis routes and less
consumption of sample volumes. Outcomes of this study confirms that SERS based fluorescent nanoclusters could be one
of thrust research areas in biochemistry and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suvardhan Kanchi
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Inamuddin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589,Saudi Arabia
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Bonyár A. Maximizing the Surface Sensitivity of LSPR Biosensors through Plasmon Coupling-Interparticle Gap Optimization for Dimers Using Computational Simulations. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11120527. [PMID: 34940284 PMCID: PMC8699530 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The bulk and surface refractive index sensitivities of LSPR biosensors, consisting of coupled plasmonic nanosphere and nano-ellipsoid dimers, were investigated by simulations using the boundary element method (BEM). The enhancement factor, defined as the ratio of plasmon extinction peak shift of multi-particle and single-particle arrangements caused by changes in the refractive index of the environment, was used to quantify the effect of coupling on the increased sensitivity of the dimers. The bulk refractive index sensitivity (RIS) was obtained by changing the dielectric medium surrounding the nanoparticles, while the surface sensitivity was modeled by depositing dielectric layers on the nanoparticle in an increasing thickness. The results show that by optimizing the interparticle gaps for a given layer thickness, up to ~80% of the optical response range of the nanoparticles can be utilized by confining the plasmon field between the particles, which translates into an enhancement of ~3-4 times compared to uncoupled, single particles with the same shape and size. The results also show that in these cases, the surface sensitivity enhancement is significantly higher than the bulk RI sensitivity enhancement (e.g., 3.2 times vs. 1.8 times for nanospheres with a 70 nm diameter), and thus the sensors' response for molecular interactions is higher than their RIS would indicate. These results underline the importance of plasmonic coupling in the optimization of nanoparticle arrangements for biosensor applications. The interparticle gap should be tailored with respect to the size of the used receptor/target molecules to maximize the molecular sensitivity, and the presented methodology can effectively aid the optimization of fabrication technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Bonyár
- Department of Electronics Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Dip-Pen Nanolithography(DPN): from Micro/Nano-patterns to Biosensing. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021; 37:846-854. [PMID: 34376961 PMCID: PMC8339700 DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dip-pen nanolithography is an emerging and attractive surface modification technique that has the capacity to directly and controllably write micro/nano-array patterns on diverse substrates. The superior throughput, resolution, and registration enable DPN an outstanding candidate for biological detection from the molecular level to the cellular level. Herein, we overview the technological evolution of DPN in terms of its advanced derivatives and DPN-enabled versatile sensing patterns featuring multiple compositions and structures for biosensing. Benefitting from uniform, reproducible, and large-area array patterns, DPN-based biosensors have shown high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and fast response in target analyte detection and specific cellular recognition. We anticipate that DPN-based technologies could offer great potential opportunities to fabricate multiplexed, programmable, and commercial array-based sensing biochips.
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9
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Plasmonic sensing, imaging, and stimulation techniques for neuron studies. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 182:113150. [PMID: 33774432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies to understand the structure, functions, and electrophysiological properties of neurons have been conducted at the frontmost end of neuroscience. Such studies have led to the active development of high-performance research tools for exploring the neurobiology at the cellular and molecular level. Following this trend, research and application of plasmonics, which is a technology employed in high-sensitivity optical biosensors and high-resolution imaging, is essential for studying neurons, as plasmonic nanoprobes can be used to stimulate specific areas of cells. In this study, three plasmonic modalities were explored as tools to study neurons and their responses: (1) plasmonic sensing of neuronal activities and neuron-related chemicals; (2) performance-improved optical imaging of neurons using plasmonic enhancements; and (3) plasmonic neuromodulations. Through a detailed investigation of these plasmonic modalities and research subjects that can be combined with them, it was confirmed that plasmonic sensing, imaging, and stimulation techniques have the potential to be effectively employed for the study of neurons and understanding their specific molecular activities.
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10
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Bhalla N, Pan Y, Yang Z, Payam AF. Opportunities and Challenges for Biosensors and Nanoscale Analytical Tools for Pandemics: COVID-19. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7783-7807. [PMID: 32551559 PMCID: PMC7319134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors and nanoscale analytical tools have shown huge growth in literature in the past 20 years, with a large number of reports on the topic of 'ultrasensitive', 'cost-effective', and 'early detection' tools with a potential of 'mass-production' cited on the web of science. Yet none of these tools are commercially available in the market or practically viable for mass production and use in pandemic diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this context, we review the technological challenges and opportunities of current bio/chemical sensors and analytical tools by critically analyzing the bottlenecks which have hindered the implementation of advanced sensing technologies in pandemic diseases. We also describe in brief COVID-19 by comparing it with other pandemic strains such as that of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) for the identification of features that enable biosensing. Moreover, we discuss visualization and characterization tools that can potentially be used not only for sensing applications but also to assist in speeding up the drug discovery and vaccine development process. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging monitoring mechanism, namely wastewater-based epidemiology, for early warning of the outbreak, focusing on sensors for rapid and on-site analysis of SARS-CoV2 in sewage. To conclude, we provide holistic insights into challenges associated with the quick translation of sensing technologies, policies, ethical issues, technology adoption, and an overall outlook of the role of the sensing technologies in pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37
0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Healthcare
Technology Hub, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern
Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Yuwei Pan
- Cranfield
Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Zhugen Yang
- Cranfield
Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Farokh Payam
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37
0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Healthcare
Technology Hub, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern
Ireland, United Kingdom
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11
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Abstract
The detection of biomarkers is critical for enabling early disease diagnosis, monitoring the progression, and tracking the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention. Plasmonic sensors exhibit a broad range of analytical capabilities, from the rapid generation of colorimetric readouts to single-molecule sensitivity in ultralow sample volumes, which have led to their increased exploration in bioanalysis and point-of-care applications. This perspective presents selected accounts of recent developments on the different types of plasmonic sensing platforms, the pervasive challenges, and outlook on the pathway to translation. We highlight the sensing of upcoming biomarkers, including microRNA, circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and cell-free DNA, and discuss the opportunity of utilizing plasmonic nanomaterials and tools for biomarker detection beyond biofluids, such as in tissues, organs, and disease sites. The integration of plasmonic biosensors with established and upcoming technologies of instrumentation, sample pretreatment, and data analysis will help realize their translation to clinical settings for improving healthcare and enhancing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cathcart
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
| | - Jennifer I L Chen
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
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12
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Gerislioglu B, Dong L, Ahmadivand A, Hu H, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Monolithic Metal Dimer-on-Film Structure: New Plasmonic Properties Introduced by the Underlying Metal. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2087-2093. [PMID: 31990568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dimers, two closely spaced metallic nanostructures, are one of the primary nanoscale geometries in plasmonics, supporting high local field enhancements in their interparticle junction under excitation of their hybridized "bonding" plasmon. However, when a dimer is fabricated on a metallic substrate, its characteristics are changed profoundly. Here we examine the properties of a Au dimer on a Au substrate. This structure supports a bright "bonding" dimer plasmon, screened by the metal, and a lower energy magnetic charge transfer plasmon. Changing the dielectric environment of the dimer-on-film structure reveals a broad family of higher-order hybrid plasmons in the visible region of the spectrum. Both of the localized surface plasmons resonances (LSPR) of the individual dimer-on-film structures as well as their collective surface lattice resonances (SLR) show a highly sensitive refractive index sensing response. Implementation of such all-metal magnetic-resonant nanostructures offers a promising route to achieve higher-performance LSPR- and SLR-based plasmonic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huatian Hu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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13
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Haynes CL, Schatz GC, Weiss PS. Virtual Issue in Honor of Prof. Richard Van Duyne (1945-2019). Anal Chem 2020; 92:4165-4166. [PMID: 32105059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Lednický T, Bonyár A. Large Scale Fabrication of Ordered Gold Nanoparticle-Epoxy Surface Nanocomposites and Their Application as Label-Free Plasmonic DNA Biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4804-4814. [PMID: 31904921 PMCID: PMC7307838 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A robust and scalable technology to fabricate ordered gold nanoparticle arrangements on epoxy substrates is presented. The nanoparticles are synthesized by solid-state dewetting on nanobowled aluminum templates, which are prepared by the selective chemical etching of porous anodic alumina (PAA) grown on an aluminum sheet with controlled anodic oxidation. This flexible fabrication technology provides proper control over the nanoparticle size, shape, and interparticle distance over a large surface area (several cm2), which enables the fine-tuning and optimization of their plasmonic absorption spectra for LSPR and SERS applications between 535 and 625 nm. The nanoparticles are transferred to the surface of epoxy substrates, which are subsequently selectively etched. The resulting nanomushrooms arrangements consist of ordered epoxy nanopillars with flat, disk-shaped nanoparticles on top, and their bulk refractive index sensitivity is between 83 and 108 nm RIU-1. Label-free DNA detection is successfully demonstrated with the sensors by using a 20 base pair long specific DNA sequence from the parasite Giardia lamblia. A red-shift of 6.6 nm in the LSPR absorbance spectrum was detected after the 2 h hybridization with 1 μM target DNA, and the achievable LOD was around 5 nM. The reported plasmonic sensor is one of the first surface AuNP/polymer nanocomposites ever reported for the successful label-free detection of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Lednický
- CEITEC - Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Attila Bonyár
- Department of Electronics Technology, Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
- E-mail: (A.B.)
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15
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Wang H, Zhang T, Zhou X. Dark-field spectroscopy: development, applications and perspectives in single nanoparticle catalysis. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:473001. [PMID: 31315095 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab330a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dark-field microscopy (DFM) is an effective method to detect the scattering signal from single nanoparticles. This technique could break through the 200 nm limit resolution of ordinary optical microscopes. It even can observe the submicron particles of 20-200 nm. Moreover, from 2000, DFM was coupled with a spectrometer to measure the scattering spectra of single silver nanoparticles. Then, dark-field spectroscopy becomes a very important plasmon spectroscopy technique for single nanoparticles. Usually, plasmonic nanoparticles are the major research target, because they have unique optical properties due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which can be influenced by many factors, such as composition, size, morphology, the refractive index of the surrounding medium etc. When surface chemical reactions occur on a single nanoparticle, it could induce the variation of these factors. Then, the structure-activity relationship for these nanoparticle catalysts can be studied at a single nanoparticle level and in real time. This review mainly summarized the development of dark-field spectroscopy, spectrometers, light sources, and other accessories, which greatly improved the imaging capabilities of dark-field spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the applications of dark-field spectroscopy in single-particle catalysis such as chemocatalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and biocatalysis are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China. Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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16
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Kubota R, Sasaki Y, Minamiki T, Minami T. Chemical Sensing Platforms Based on Organic Thin-Film Transistors Functionalized with Artificial Receptors. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2571-2587. [PMID: 31475522 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have attracted intense attention as promising electronic devices owing to their various applications such as rollable active-matrix displays, flexible nonvolatile memories, and radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags. To further broaden the scope of the application of OTFTs, we focus on the host-guest chemistry combined with the electronic devices. Extended-gate types of OTFTs functionalized with artificial receptors were fabricated to achieve chemical sensing of targets in complete aqueous media. Organic and inorganic ions (cations and anions), neutral molecules, and proteins, which are regarded as target analytes in the field of host-guest chemistry, were electrically detected by artificial receptors. Molecular recognition phenomena on the extended-gate electrode were evaluated by several analytical methods such as photoemission yield spectroscopy in the air, contact angle goniometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Interestingly, the electrical responses of the OTFTs were highly sensitive to the chemical structures of the guests. Thus, the OTFTs will facilitate the selective sensing of target analytes and the understanding of chemical conversions in biological and environmental systems. Furthermore, such cross-reactive responses observed in our studies will provide some important insights into next-generation sensing systems such as OTFT arrays. We strongly believe that our approach will enable the development of new intriguing sensor platforms in the field of host-guest chemistry, analytical chemistry, and organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kubota
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Tsukuru Minamiki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
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17
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Yesilkoy F. Optical Interrogation Techniques for Nanophotonic Biochemical Sensors. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19194287. [PMID: 31623315 PMCID: PMC6806184 DOI: 10.3390/s19194287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The manipulation of light via nanoengineered surfaces has excited the optical community in the past few decades. Among the many applications enabled by nanophotonic devices, sensing has stood out due to their capability of identifying miniscule refractive index changes. In particular, when free-space propagating light effectively couples into subwavelength volumes created by nanostructures, the strongly-localized near-fields can enhance light’s interaction with matter at the nanoscale. As a result, nanophotonic sensors can non-destructively detect chemical species in real-time without the need of exogenous labels. The impact of such nanophotonic devices on biochemical sensor development became evident as the ever-growing research efforts in the field started addressing many critical needs in biomedical sciences, such as low-cost analytical platforms, simple quantitative bioassays, time-resolved sensing, rapid and multiplexed detection, single-molecule analytics, among others. In this review, the optical transduction methods used to interrogate optical resonances of nanophotonic sensors will be highlighted. Specifically, the optical methodologies used thus far will be evaluated based on their capability of addressing key requirements of the future sensor technologies, including miniaturization, multiplexing, spatial and temporal resolution, cost and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Yesilkoy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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18
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Kang TY, Song H, Ahn H, Lee H, Kim S, Kim D, Kim K. Experimental confirmation of plasmonic field cancellation under specific conditions of trapezoidal nanopatterns. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:29168-29177. [PMID: 31684655 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.029168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated plasmonic field localization with trapezoidal nanopatterns under normal incident light excitation to find optimum structures for sensing and imaging. A finite element method was used to calculate the fundamental characteristics of the localized surface plasmon with varied trapezoidal nanopatterns. First, we describe how to localize the plasmonic fields on the trapezoidal patterns and then report our results from the investigation of the optimum properties of the nanopatterns for maximized field intensity. Initially, we expected that maximized field localization would lead to enhancement of the sensing sensitivity or imaging resolution in plasmon-based sensing and imaging systems. However, more interestingly, we found a field cancellation effect under specific modality conditions through the simulation. Thus, we thoroughly investigated the principle of the effect and extracted the modality conditions that induced field cancellation. In addition, specific modality conditions of nanopatterns that could be fabricated with conventional lithographic methods were numerically determined. Then, the field cancellation effect was experimentally verified using scanning nearfield optical microscopy. The results indicate that trapezoidal nanopatterns bring about enhanced field localization at the shaper edge of nanopatterns than do conventional rectangular nanopatterns and that plasmonic field cancellation can be observed under specific modality conditions of nanopatterns, even for conventional rectangular nanopatterns. Thus, it is suggested that careful fabrication and maintenance are needed to obtain strong plasmonic localization. Finally, the feasibility of providing a novel sensing platform using the field cancellation effect is suggested.
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19
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Bocková M, Slabý J, Špringer T, Homola J. Advances in Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging and Microscopy and Their Biological Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2019; 12:151-176. [PMID: 30822102 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061318-115106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance microscopy and imaging are optical methods that enable observation and quantification of interactions of nano- and microscale objects near a metal surface in a temporally and spatially resolved manner. This review describes the principles of surface plasmon resonance microscopy and imaging and discusses recent advances in these methods, in particular, in optical platforms and functional coatings. In addition, the biological applications of these methods are reviewed. These include the detection of a broad variety of analytes (nucleic acids, proteins, bacteria), the investigation of biological systems (bacteria and cells), and biomolecular interactions (drug-receptor, protein-protein, protein-DNA, protein-cell).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Bocková
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18251 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiří Slabý
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18251 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomáš Špringer
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18251 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiří Homola
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18251 Prague, Czech Republic;
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20
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Zopf D, Pittner A, Dathe A, Grosse N, Csáki A, Arstila K, Toppari JJ, Schott W, Dontsov D, Uhlrich G, Fritzsche W, Stranik O. Plasmonic Nanosensor Array for Multiplexed DNA-based Pathogen Detection. ACS Sens 2019; 4:335-343. [PMID: 30657315 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this research we introduce a plasmonic nanoparticle based optical biosensor for monitoring of molecular binding events. The sensor utilizes spotted gold nanoparticle arrays as sensing platform. The nanoparticle spots are functionalized with capture DNA sequences complementary to the analyte (target) DNA. Upon incubation with the target sequence, it will bind on the respectively complementary functionalized particle spot. This binding changes the local refractive index, which is detected spectroscopically as the resulting changes of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak wavelength. In order to increase the signal, a small gold nanoparticle label is introduced. The binding can be reversed using chemical means (10 mM HCl). It is demonstrated that multiplexed detection and identification of several fungal pathogen DNA sequences subsequently on one sensor array are possible by this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zopf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Angelina Pittner
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - André Dathe
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Teichgraben 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Norman Grosse
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Csáki
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kai Arstila
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Physics and Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J. Jussi Toppari
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Physics and Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Walter Schott
- SIOS Meßtechnik GmbH, Am Vogelherd 46, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Denis Dontsov
- SIOS Meßtechnik GmbH, Am Vogelherd 46, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Günter Uhlrich
- ABS Gesellschaft für Automatisierung, Bildverarbeitung und Software mbH, Stockholmer Straße 3, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fritzsche
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ondrej Stranik
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
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21
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Wang X, Liu Q, Tan X, Liu L, Zhou F. Covalent affixation of histidine-tagged proteins tethered onto Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid sensors for enhanced surface plasmon resonance detection of small molecule drugs and kinetic studies of antibody/antigen interactions. Analyst 2019; 144:587-593. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01794h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Covalent affixation of histidine-tagged proteins tethered onto Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid sensors for enhanced surface plasmon resonance detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Tan
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Feimeng Zhou
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- P. R. China
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22
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Yavas O, Aćimović SS, Garcia-Guirado J, Berthelot J, Dobosz P, Sanz V, Quidant R. Self-Calibrating On-Chip Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing for Quantitative and Multiplexed Detection of Cancer Markers in Human Serum. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1376-1384. [PMID: 29947221 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The need for point-of-care devices able to detect diseases early and monitor their status, out of a lab environment, has stimulated the development of compact biosensing configurations. Whereas localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing integrated into a state-of-the-art microfluidic chip stands as a promising approach to meet this demand, its implementation into an operating sensing platform capable of quantitatively detecting a set of molecular biomarkers in an unknown biological sample is only in its infancy. Here, we present an on-chip LSPR sensor capable of performing automatic, quantitative, and multiplexed screening of biomarkers. We demonstrate its versatility by programming it to detect and quantify in human serum four relevant human serum protein markers associated with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yavas
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Srdjan S. Aćimović
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Garcia-Guirado
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johann Berthelot
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paulina Dobosz
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanesa Sanz
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romain Quidant
- ICFO-Institut de Ciéncies Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Ferhan AR, Jackman JA, Sut TN, Cho NJ. Quantitative Comparison of Protein Adsorption and Conformational Changes on Dielectric-Coated Nanoplasmonic Sensing Arrays. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18041283. [PMID: 29690554 PMCID: PMC5948918 DOI: 10.3390/s18041283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic sensors are a popular, surface-sensitive measurement tool to investigate biomacromolecular interactions at solid-liquid interfaces, opening the door to a wide range of applications. In addition to high surface sensitivity, nanoplasmonic sensors have versatile surface chemistry options as plasmonic metal nanoparticles can be coated with thin dielectric layers. Within this scope, nanoplasmonic sensors have demonstrated promise for tracking protein adsorption and substrate-induced conformational changes on oxide film-coated arrays, although existing studies have been limited to single substrates. Herein, we investigated human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption onto silica- and titania-coated arrays of plasmonic gold nanodisks by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) measurements and established an analytical framework to compare responses across multiple substrates with different sensitivities. While similar responses were recorded on the two substrates for HSA adsorption under physiologically-relevant ionic strength conditions, distinct substrate-specific behavior was observed at lower ionic strength conditions. With decreasing ionic strength, larger measurement responses occurred for HSA adsorption onto silica surfaces, whereas HSA adsorption onto titania surfaces occurred independently of ionic strength condition. Complementary quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) measurements were also performed, and the trend in adsorption behavior was similar. Of note, the magnitudes of the ionic strength-dependent LSPR and QCM-D measurement responses varied, and are discussed with respect to the measurement principle and surface sensitivity of each technique. Taken together, our findings demonstrate how the high surface sensitivity of nanoplasmonic sensors can be applied to quantitatively characterize protein adsorption across multiple surfaces, and outline broadly-applicable measurement strategies for biointerfacial science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore.
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore.
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore.
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore.
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive 637459, Singapore.
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24
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Jackman JA, Rahim Ferhan A, Cho NJ. Nanoplasmonic sensors for biointerfacial science. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:3615-3660. [PMID: 28383083 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoplasmonic sensors have become widely used for the label-free detection of biomolecules across medical, biotechnology, and environmental science applications. To date, many nanoplasmonic sensing strategies have been developed with outstanding measurement capabilities, enabling detection down to the single-molecule level. One of the most promising directions has been surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors, and the potential of such technologies is still emerging. Going beyond detection, surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors open the door to enhanced, quantitative measurement capabilities across the biointerfacial sciences by taking advantage of high surface sensitivity that pairs well with the size of medically important biomacromolecules and biological particulates such as viruses and exosomes. The goal of this review is to introduce the latest advances in nanoplasmonic sensors for the biointerfacial sciences, including ongoing development of nanoparticle and nanohole arrays for exploring different classes of biomacromolecules interacting at solid-liquid interfaces. The measurement principles for nanoplasmonic sensors based on utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) phenomena are first introduced. The following sections are then categorized around different themes within the biointerfacial sciences, specifically protein binding and conformational changes, lipid membrane fabrication, membrane-protein interactions, exosome and virus detection and analysis, and probing nucleic acid conformations and binding interactions. Across these themes, we discuss the growing trend to utilize nanoplasmonic sensors for advanced measurement capabilities, including positional sensing, biomacromolecular conformation analysis, and real-time kinetic monitoring of complex biological interactions. Altogether, these advances highlight the rich potential of nanoplasmonic sensors and the future growth prospects of the community as a whole. With ongoing development of commercial nanoplasmonic sensors and analytical models to interpret corresponding measurement data in the context of biologically relevant interactions, there is significant opportunity to utilize nanoplasmonic sensing strategies for not only fundamental biointerfacial science, but also translational science applications related to clinical medicine and pharmaceutical drug development among countless possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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25
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bioanalytical sensing based on the principle of localized surface plasmon resonance experiences is currently an extremely rapid development. Novel sensors with new kinds of plasmonic transducers and innovative concepts for the signal development as well as read-out principles were identified. This review will give an overview of the development of this field. Areas covered: The focus is primarily on types of transducers by preparation or dimension, factors for optimal sensing concepts and the critical view of the usability of these devices as innovative sensors for bioanalytical applications. Expert commentary: Plasmonic sensor devices offer a high potential for future biosensing given that limiting factors such as long-time stability of the transducers, the required high sensitivity and the cost-efficient production are addressed. For higher sensitivity, the design of the sensor in shape and material has to be combined with optimal enhancement strategies. Plasmonic nanoparticles from bottom-up synthesis with a post-synthetic processing show a high potential for cost-efficient sensor production. Regarding the measurement principle, LSPRi offers a large potential for multiplex sensors and can provide a high-throughput as well as highly paralleled sensing. The main trends are expected towards optimal LSPR concepts which represent cost-efficient and robust point-of-care solutions, and the use of multiplexed devices for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Csáki
- a Department Nanobiophotonics , Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) , Jena , Germany
| | - Ondrej Stranik
- a Department Nanobiophotonics , Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) , Jena , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fritzsche
- a Department Nanobiophotonics , Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) , Jena , Germany
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26
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Plasmofluidics for Biosensing and Medical Diagnostics. NANOTECHNOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION TOOLS FOR BIOSENSING AND MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS 2018. [PMCID: PMC7122966 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-56333-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasmofluidics, an extension of optofluidics into the nanoscale regime, merges plasmonics and micro-/nanofluidics for highly integrated and multifunctional lab on a chip. In this chapter, we focus on the applications of plasmofluidics in the versatile manipulation and sensing of biological cell, organelles, molecules, and nanoparticles, which underpin advanced biomedical diagnostics.
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27
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Jawad ZAR, Theodorou IG, Jiao LR, Xie F. Highly Sensitive Plasmonic Detection of the Pancreatic Cancer Biomarker CA 19-9. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14309. [PMID: 29085011 PMCID: PMC5662715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic gold (Au) nanotriangular arrays, functionalized with a near infrared (NIR) fluorophore-conjugated immunoassay to Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), a pancreatic cancer biomarker, produce optically tunable substrates with two orders of magnitude fluorescence enhancement. Through nanoscale morphological control, the sensitivities of the plasmonic nanotriangular arrays are controllable, paving the way of such optical platforms for multiplexing. Here, we report a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.7 × 10-7 U.mL-1 for CA 19-9 by using such tunable Au nanotriangular arrays, a great improvement compared to commercially available CA 19-9 immunoassays. The linear dynamic range was from 1 × 10-6 U.mL-1 to 1 U.mL-1, i.e. up to six orders of magnitude. Moreover, high specificity was demonstrated, together with successful validation in serum samples. Their superior tunable sensitivity, along with efforts to combine CA 19-9 with other biomarkers for improved accuracy, open up the possibility for multiplexed NIR-fluorescence enhancement microarrays, for early cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab A R Jawad
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, SW12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Ioannis G Theodorou
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Long R Jiao
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, SW12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
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28
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Flexible and Tunable 3D Gold Nanocups Platform as Plasmonic Biosensor for Specific Dual LSPR-SERS Immuno-Detection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14240. [PMID: 29079816 PMCID: PMC5660151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early medical diagnostic in nanomedicine requires the implementation of innovative nanosensors with highly sensitive, selective, and reliable biomarker detection abilities. In this paper, a dual Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance - Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (LSPR- SERS) immunosensor based on a flexible three-dimensional (3D) gold (Au) nanocups platform has been implemented for the first time to operate as a relevant “proof-of-concept” for the specific detection of antigen-antibody binding events, using the human IgG - anti-human IgG recognition interaction as a model. Specifically, polydimethylsilane (PDMS) elastomer mold coated with a thin Au film employed for pattern replication of hexagonally close-packed monolayer of polystyrene nanospheres configuration has been employed as plasmonic nanoplatform to convey both SERS and LSPR readout signals, exhibiting both well-defined LSPR response and enhanced 3D electromagnetic field. Synergistic LSPR and SERS sensing use the same reproducible and large-area plasmonic nanoplatform providing complimentary information not only on the presence of anti-human IgG (by LSPR) but also to identify its specific molecular signature by SERS. The development of such smart flexible healthcare nanosensor platforms holds promise for mass production, opening thereby the doors for the next generation of portable point-of-care devices.
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29
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Hinman SS, Nguyen RCT, Cheng Q. Plasmonic nanodisc arrays on calcinated titania for multimodal analysis of phosphorylated peptides. RSC Adv 2017; 7:48068-48076. [PMID: 30701066 PMCID: PMC6349370 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08870a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A hybrid material of gold nanodiscs on a calcinated titania nanofilm that allows for selective quantitative and qualitative characterization of surface-enriched phosphopeptides has been designed and reported. Fabrication was realized through a combination of layer-by-layer deposition and high temperature calcination for the titania, and hole-mask colloidal lithography for the plasmonic nanostructures. The morphology of the resulting titania material was rigorously characterized, exhibiting substantially decreased surface roughness, which allows for lithographic fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures. Moreover, high specificity in adsorption and enrichment of phosphopeptides was exhibited, which was verified by LSPR shifts and matching peaks under mass spectrometric analysis. The construction of these biochips should inform other combinatorial nanofabrication techniques, in addition to allowing future phosphoproteomic analyses to be performed in a time and resource-efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Hinman
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA ; ; Tel: +1-951-827-2702
| | - Romie C T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Quan Cheng
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA ; ; Tel: +1-951-827-2702
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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30
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Aćimović SS, Šípová H, Emilsson G, Dahlin AB, Antosiewicz TJ, Käll M. Superior LSPR substrates based on electromagnetic decoupling for on-a-chip high-throughput label-free biosensing. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2017; 6:e17042. [PMID: 30167285 PMCID: PMC6062313 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensing based on supported metal nanoparticles offers unparalleled possibilities for high-end miniaturization, multiplexing and high-throughput label-free molecular interaction analysis in real time when integrated within an opto-fluidic environment. However, such LSPR-sensing devices typically contain extremely large regions of dielectric materials that are open to molecular adsorption, which must be carefully blocked to avoid compromising the device readings. To address this issue, we made the support essentially invisible to the LSPR by carefully removing the dielectric material overlapping with the localized plasmonic fields through optimized wet-etching. The resulting LSPR substrate, which consists of gold nanodisks centered on narrow SiO2 pillars, exhibits markedly reduced vulnerability to nonspecific substrate adsorption, thus allowing, in an ideal case, the implementation of thicker and more efficient passivation layers. We demonstrate that this approach is effective and fully compatible with state-of-the-art multiplexed real-time biosensing technology and thus represents the ideal substrate design for high-throughput label-free biosensing systems with minimal sample consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan S Aćimović
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- E-mail:
| | - Hana Šípová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gustav Emilsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Andreas B Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Tomasz J Antosiewicz
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- E-mail:
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31
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Wavelength-Scanning SPR Imaging Sensors Based on an Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter and a White Light Laser. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17010090. [PMID: 28067766 PMCID: PMC5298663 DOI: 10.3390/s17010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A fast surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging biosensor system based on wavelength interrogation using an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) and a white light laser is presented. The system combines the merits of a wide-dynamic detection range and high sensitivity offered by the spectral approach with multiplexed high-throughput data collection and a two-dimensional (2D) biosensor array. The key feature is the use of AOTF to realize wavelength scan from a white laser source and thus to achieve fast tracking of the SPR dip movement caused by target molecules binding to the sensor surface. Experimental results show that the system is capable of completing a SPR dip measurement within 0.35 s. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest time ever reported in the literature for imaging spectral interrogation. Based on a spectral window with a width of approximately 100 nm, a dynamic detection range and resolution of 4.63 × 10-2 refractive index unit (RIU) and 1.27 × 10-6 RIU achieved in a 2D-array sensor is reported here. The spectral SPR imaging sensor scheme has the capability of performing fast high-throughput detection of biomolecular interactions from 2D sensor arrays. The design has no mechanical moving parts, thus making the scheme completely solid-state.
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Chen K, Zeng Y, Wang L, Gu D, He J, Wu SY, Ho HP, Li X, Qu J, Gao BZ, Shao Y. Fast spectral surface plasmon resonance imaging sensor for real-time high-throughput detection of biomolecular interactions. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:127003. [PMID: 27936268 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.12.127003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A fast surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging biosensor system based on wavelength interrogation using a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) is presented. The system combines the merits of wide-dynamic detection range offered by the spectral approach and multiplexed high-throughput data collection with a two-dimensional (2-D) biosensor array. The key feature of the reported scheme is a feedback loop that drives the LCTF to achieve fast tracking of the SPR dip movement caused by the binding of target molecules to the sensor surface. Experimental results show that the system is capable of completing an SPR dip measurement within 4 s. Based on using a spectral window of about 100 nm, the experimental dynamic detection range and refractive index resolution are 4.63×10?2??RIU and 5.87×10?6??RIU, respectively. As also demonstrated herein using 2-D microsensor arrays, among the spectral SPR sensors, the reported system is most suitable for multiplexed label-free biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Chen
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Youjun Zeng
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dayong Gu
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Jianan He
- Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Shu-Yuen Wu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Xuejin Li
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bruce Zhi Gao
- Clemson University, Department of Bioengineering and COMSET, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Yonghong Shao
- Shenzhen University, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology, Shenzhen 518060, China
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33
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Choi JR, Shin DM, Song H, Lee D, Kim K. Current achievements of nanoparticle applications in developing optical sensing and imaging techniques. NANO CONVERGENCE 2016; 3:30. [PMID: 28191440 PMCID: PMC5271156 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-016-0090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanostructures have recently been demonstrated to improve the performance of optical sensing and imaging techniques due to their remarkable localization capability of electromagnetic fields. Particularly, the zero-dimensional nanostructure, commonly called a nanoparticle, is a promising component for optical measurement systems due to its attractive features, e.g., ease of fabrication, capability of surface modification and relatively high biocompatibility. This review summarizes the work to date on metallic nanoparticles for optical sensing and imaging applications, starting with the theoretical backgrounds of plasmonic effects in nanoparticles and moving through the applications in Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence biosensors. Various efforts for enhancing the sensitivity, selectivity and biocompatibility are summarized, and the future outlooks for this field are discussed. Convergent studies in optical sensing and imaging have been emerging field for the development of medical applications, including clinical diagnosis and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-ryul Choi
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, 41061 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Research Center for Energy Convergence Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Song
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyujung Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
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34
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White SP, Sreevatsan S, Frisbie CD, Dorfman KD. Rapid, Selective, Label-Free Aptameric Capture and Detection of Ricin in Potable Liquids Using a Printed Floating Gate Transistor. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. White
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Srinand Sreevatsan
- Veterinary
Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kevin D. Dorfman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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35
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Lin DZ, Chuang PC, Liao PC, Chen JP, Chen YF. Increasing the spectral shifts in LSPR biosensing using DNA-functionalized gold nanorods in a competitive assay format for the detection of interferon-γ. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:221-228. [PMID: 26954787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate an approach that utilizes DNA-functionalized gold nanorods (AuNRs) in an indirect competitive assay format to increase the spectra shift in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensing. We use interferon gamma (IFN-γ) as a model analyte to demonstrate the feasibility of our detection method. The LSPR chips with periodic gold nanodot arrays are fabricated using a thermal lithography process and are functionalized with IFN-γ aptamers for detection. The DNA-functionalized AuNRs and IFN-γ compete with each other to bind to the aptamers during detection, and the spectra shifts are mainly caused by the AuNRs rather than IFN-γ. When using our approach, the target molecules do not need to be captured by two capture ligands simultaneously during detection and thus do not require multiple binding sites. Both experiments and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations show that making the AuNRs as close to the chip surface as possible is very critical for increasing LSPR shifts, and the simulated results also show that the orientation of the AuNR affects the plasmon coupling between the gold nanodots on the chip surface and the nearby AuNRs. Although only the detection of IFN-γ is demonstrated in this study, we expect that the LSPR biosensing method can be applied to label-free detection of a variety of molecules as long as suitable aptamers are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Zheng Lin
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratory, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Po Chen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fan Chen
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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36
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Zhang D, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Yao Y, Li S, Jiang J, Liu GL, Liu Q. Peptide Functionalized Nanoplasmonic Sensor for Explosive Detection. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2015; 8:36-43. [PMID: 30464992 PMCID: PMC6223917 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-015-0059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a nanobiosensor for detecting explosives was developed, in which the peptide was synthesized with trinitrotoluene (TNT)-specific sequence and immobilized on nanodevice by Au-S covalent linkage, and the nanocup arrays were fabricated by nanoimprint and deposited with Au nanoparticles to generate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The device was used to monitor slight change from specific binding of 2,4,6-TNT to the peptide. With high refractive index sensing of ~104 nm/RIU, the nanocup device can detect the binding of TNT at concentration as low as 3.12 × 10-7 mg mL-1 by optical transmission spectrum modulated by LSPR. The nanosensor is also able to distinguish TNT from analogs of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 3-nitrotoluene in the mixture with great selectivity. The peptide-based nanosensor provides novel approaches to design versatile biosensor assays by LSPR for chemical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diming Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801 USA
| | - Gang Logan Liu
- Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801 USA
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
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37
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Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing: Current Challenges and Approaches. SENSORS 2015; 15:15684-716. [PMID: 26147727 PMCID: PMC4541850 DOI: 10.3390/s150715684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has emerged as a leader among label-free biosensing techniques in that it offers sensitive, robust, and facile detection. Traditional LSPR-based biosensing utilizes the sensitivity of the plasmon frequency to changes in local index of refraction at the nanoparticle surface. Although surface plasmon resonance technologies are now widely used to measure biomolecular interactions, several challenges remain. In this article, we have categorized these challenges into four categories: improving sensitivity and limit of detection, selectivity in complex biological solutions, sensitive detection of membrane-associated species, and the adaptation of sensing elements for point-of-care diagnostic devices. The first section of this article will involve a conceptual discussion of surface plasmon resonance and the factors affecting changes in optical signal detected. The following sections will discuss applications of LSPR biosensing with an emphasis on recent advances and approaches to overcome the four limitations mentioned above. First, improvements in limit of detection through various amplification strategies will be highlighted. The second section will involve advances to improve selectivity in complex media through self-assembled monolayers, “plasmon ruler” devices involving plasmonic coupling, and shape complementarity on the nanoparticle surface. The following section will describe various LSPR platforms designed for the sensitive detection of membrane-associated species. Finally, recent advances towards multiplexed and microfluidic LSPR-based devices for inexpensive, rapid, point-of-care diagnostics will be discussed.
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38
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Chen P, Chung MT, McHugh W, Nidetz R, Li Y, Fu J, Cornell TT, Shanley TP, Kurabayashi K. Multiplex serum cytokine immunoassay using nanoplasmonic biosensor microarrays. ACS NANO 2015; 9:4173-81. [PMID: 25790830 PMCID: PMC4447431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Precise monitoring of the rapidly changing immune status during the course of a disease requires multiplex analysis of cytokines from frequently sampled human blood. However, the current lack of rapid, multiplex, and low volume assays makes immune monitoring for clinical decision-making (e.g., critically ill patients) impractical. Without such assays, immune monitoring is even virtually impossible for infants and neonates with infectious diseases and/or immune mediated disorders as access to their blood in large quantities is prohibited. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based microfluidic optical biosensing is a promising approach to fill this technical gap as it could potentially permit real-time refractometric detection of biomolecular binding on a metallic nanoparticle surface and sensor miniaturization, both leading to rapid and sample-sparing analyte analysis. Despite this promise, practical implementation of such a microfluidic assay for cytokine biomarker detection in serum samples has not been established primarily due to the limited sensitivity of LSPR biosensing. Here, we developed a high-throughput, label-free, multiarrayed LSPR optical biosensor device with 480 nanoplasmonic sensing spots in microfluidic channel arrays and demonstrated parallel multiplex immunoassays of six cytokines in a complex serum matrix on a single device chip while overcoming technical limitations. The device was fabricated using easy-to-implement, one-step microfluidic patterning and antibody conjugation of gold nanorods (AuNRs). When scanning the scattering light intensity across the microarrays of AuNR ensembles with dark-field imaging optics, our LSPR biosensing technique allowed for high-sensitivity quantitative cytokine measurements at concentrations down to 5-20 pg/mL from a 1 μL serum sample. Using the nanoplasmonic biosensor microarray device, we demonstrated the ability to monitor the inflammatory responses of infants following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery through tracking the time-course variations of their serum cytokines. The whole parallel on-chip assays, which involved the loading, incubation, and washing of samples and reagents, and 10-fold replicated multianalyte detection for each sample using the entire biosensor arrays, were completed within 40 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Meng Ting Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Walker McHugh
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Robert Nidetz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Timothy T. Cornell
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas P. Shanley
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Katsuo Kurabayashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Address correspondence to
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39
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Lopatynskyi AM, Lytvyn VK, Nazarenko VI, Guo LJ, Lucas BD, Chegel VI. Au nanostructure arrays for plasmonic applications: annealed island films versus nanoimprint lithography. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:99. [PMID: 25852395 PMCID: PMC4385248 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper attempts to compare the main features of random and highly ordered gold nanostructure arrays (NSA) prepared by thermally annealed island film and nanoimprint lithography (NIL) techniques, respectively. Each substrate possesses different morphology in terms of plasmonic enhancement. Both methods allow such important features as spectral tuning of plasmon resonance position depending on size and shape of nanostructures; however, the time and cost is quite different. The respective comparison was performed experimentally and theoretically for a number of samples with different geometrical parameters. Spectral characteristics of fabricated NSA exhibited an expressed plasmon peak in the range from 576 to 809 nm for thermally annealed samples and from 606 to 783 nm for samples prepared by NIL. Modelling of the optical response for nanostructures with typical shapes associated with these techniques (parallelepiped for NIL and semi-ellipsoid for annealed island films) was performed using finite-difference time-domain calculations. Mathematical simulations have indicated the dependence of electric field enhancement on the shape and size of the nanoparticles. As an important point, the distribution of electric field at so-called 'hot spots' was considered. Parallelepiped-shaped nanoparticles were shown to yield maximal enhancement values by an order of magnitude greater than their semi-ellipsoid-shaped counterparts; however, both nanoparticle shapes have demonstrated comparable effective electrical field enhancement values. Optimized Au nanostructures with equivalent diameters ranging from 85 to 143 nm and height equal to 35 nm were obtained for both techniques, resulting in the largest electrical field enhancement. The application of island film thermal annealing method for nanochips fabrication can be considered as a possible cost-effective platform for various surface-enhanced spectroscopies; while the NIL-fabricated NSA looks like more effective for sensing of small-size objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii M Lopatynskyi
- />Department of Functional Optoelectronics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NASU, 41 Nauki avenue, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vitalii K Lytvyn
- />Department of Functional Optoelectronics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NASU, 41 Nauki avenue, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I Nazarenko
- />Department of Molecular Immunology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, O. V. Palladin Institute of Biochemistry NASU, 9 Leontovycha street, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - L Jay Guo
- />Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, MI 48109-2122 Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Brandon D Lucas
- />Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, MI 48109-2122 Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Volodymyr I Chegel
- />Department of Functional Optoelectronics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NASU, 41 Nauki avenue, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
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40
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Csáki A, Thiele M, Jatschka J, Dathe A, Zopf D, Stranik O, Fritzsche W. Plasmonic nanoparticle synthesis and bioconjugation for bioanalytical sensing. Eng Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Csáki
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Jena Germany
| | | | | | - André Dathe
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Jena Germany
| | - David Zopf
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Jena Germany
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41
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Peng Y, Xiong B, Peng L, Li H, He Y, Yeung ES. Recent advances in optical imaging with anisotropic plasmonic nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2014; 87:200-15. [PMID: 25375954 DOI: 10.1021/ac504061p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhe Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
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42
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Sonntag MD, Klingsporn JM, Zrimsek AB, Sharma B, Ruvuna LK, Van Duyne RP. Molecular plasmonics for nanoscale spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:1230-47. [PMID: 23982428 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60187k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Surface- and tip-enhanced Raman and LSPR spectroscopies have developed over the past 15 years as unique tools for uncovering the properties of single particles and single molecules that are unobservable in ensemble measurements. Measurements of individual events provide insight into the distribution of molecular properties that are averaged over in ensemble experiments. Raman and LSPR spectroscopy can provide detailed information on the identity of molecular species and changes in the local environment, respectively. In this review a detailed discussion is presented on single-molecule and single-particle Raman and LSPR spectroscopy focusing on the major developments in the fields and applications of the techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Sonntag
- Northwestern University, Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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43
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Jeong HH, Mark AG, Gibbs JG, Reindl T, Waizmann U, Weis J, Fischer P. Shape control in wafer-based aperiodic 3D nanostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:235302. [PMID: 24850063 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/23/235302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Controlled local fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures is important to explore and enhance the function of single nanodevices, but is experimentally challenging. We present a scheme based on e-beam lithography (EBL) written seeds, and glancing angle deposition (GLAD) grown structures to create nanoscale objects with defined shapes but in aperiodic arrangements. By using a continuous sacrificial corral surrounding the features of interest we grow isolated 3D nanostructures that have complex cross-sections and sidewall morphology that are surrounded by zones of clean substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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44
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Aćimović SS, Ortega MA, Sanz V, Berthelot J, Garcia-Cordero JL, Renger J, Maerkl SJ, Kreuzer MP, Quidant R. LSPR chip for parallel, rapid, and sensitive detection of cancer markers in serum. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2636-41. [PMID: 24730454 DOI: 10.1021/nl500574n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Label-free biosensing based on metallic nanoparticles supporting localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) has recently received growing interest (Anker, J. N., et al. Nat. Mater. 2008, 7, 442-453). Besides its competitive sensitivity (Yonzon, C. R., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 12669-12676; Svendendahl, M., et al. Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 4428-4433) when compared to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) approach based on extended metal films, LSPR biosensing features a high-end miniaturization potential and a significant reduction of the interrogation device bulkiness, positioning itself as a promising candidate for point-of-care diagnostic and field applications. Here, we present the first, paralleled LSPR lab-on-a-chip realization that goes well beyond the state-of-the-art, by uniting the latest advances in plasmonics, nanofabrication, microfluidics, and surface chemistry. Our system offers parallel, real-time inspection of 32 sensing sites distributed across 8 independent microfluidic channels with very high reproducibility/repeatability. This enables us to test various sensing strategies for the detection of biomolecules. In particular we demonstrate the fast detection of relevant cancer biomarkers (human alpha-feto-protein and prostate specific antigen) down to concentrations of 500 pg/mL in a complex matrix consisting of 50% human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan S Aćimović
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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45
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Guarrotxena N, Bazan GC. Antitags: SERS-encoded nanoparticle assemblies that enable single-spot multiplex protein detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1941-1946. [PMID: 24338905 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of multiple proteins on a single spot can be efficiently achieved by using multiplexed surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-encoded nanoparticle 'antitags' consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-protected silver dimers (and higher aggregates) and antibody-tagging entities. The effective SERS-based multivariate deconvolution approach guarantees an accurate and successful distinguishable identification of single and multiple proteins in complex samples. Their potential application in multiplexed SERS bioimaging technology can be easily envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nekane Guarrotxena
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid, 28006, Spain
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46
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Chen G, Wang Y, Wang H, Cong M, Chen L, Yang Y, Geng Y, Li H, Xu S, Xu W. A highly sensitive microfluidics system for multiplexed surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection based on Ag nanodot arrays. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a microfluidics system with Ag nanodot arrays as the enhancement substrate for multiplexed SERS detection of low-concentration mixtures of thiram and adenine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry
| | - Yuyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
- College of Physics
| | - Yongan Yang
- Department of Physics and Electronic Science
- Chu Xiong Normal University
- Chuxiong 675000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
- College of Physics
| | - Haibo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun, People's Republic of China
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47
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Gao Y, Xin Z, Zeng B, Gan Q, Cheng X, Bartoli FJ. Plasmonic interferometric sensor arrays for high-performance label-free biomolecular detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:4755-4764. [PMID: 24173621 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50863c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic interferometric biosensor that consists of arrays of circular aperture-groove nanostructures patterned on a gold film for phase-sensitive biomolecular detection is demonstrated. The phase and amplitude of interfering surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the proposed device can be effectively engineered by structural tuning, providing flexible and efficient control over the plasmon line shape observed through SPP interference. Spectral fringes with high contrast, narrow linewidth, and large amplitude have been experimentally measured and permit the sensitive detection of protein surface coverage as low as 0.4 pg mm(-2). This sensor resolution compares favorably with commercial prism-based surface plasmon resonance systems (0.1 pg mm(-2)) but is achieved here using a significantly simpler collinear transmission geometry, a miniaturized sensor footprint, and a low-cost compact spectrometer. Furthermore, we also demonstrate superior sensor performance using the intensity interrogation method, which can be combined with CCD imaging to upscale our platform to high-throughput array sensing. A novel low-background interferometric sensing scheme yields a high sensing figure of merit (FOM*) of 146 in the visible region, surpassing that of previous plasmonic biosensors and facilitating ultrasensitive high-throughput detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Gao
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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48
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Frederiksen M, Bochenkov VE, Ogaki R, Sutherland DS. Onset of bonding plasmon hybridization preceded by gap modes in dielectric splitting of metal disks. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:6033-6039. [PMID: 24219491 DOI: 10.1021/nl4032567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric splitting of nanoscale disks was studied experimentally and via finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations through systematic introduction of multiple ultrathin dielectric layers. Tunable, hybridized dark bonding modes were seen with first-order gap modes preceding the appearance of bonding dipole-dipole disk modes. The observed bright dipolar mode did not show the energy shift expected from plasmon hybridization but activated dark higher order gap modes. Introducing lateral asymmetry was shown to remodel the field distribution resulting in 3D asymmetry that reoriented the dipole orientation away from the dipole of the elementary disk modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj Frederiksen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark
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49
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Estevez MC, Otte MA, Sepulveda B, Lechuga LM. Trends and challenges of refractometric nanoplasmonic biosensors: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 806:55-73. [PMID: 24331040 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by potential benefits such as sensor miniaturization, multiplexing opportunities and higher sensitivities, refractometric nanoplasmonic biosensing has profiled itself in a short time span as an interesting alternative to conventional Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors. This latter conventional sensing concept has been subjected during the last decades to strong commercialization, thereby strongly leaning on well-developed thin-film surface chemistry protocols. Not surprisingly, the examples found in literature based on this sensing concept are generally characterized by extensive analytical studies of relevant clinical and diagnostic problems. In contrast, the more novel Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) alternative finds itself in a much earlier, and especially, more fundamental stage of development. Driven by new fabrication methodologies to create nanostructured substrates, published work typically focuses on the novelty of the presented material, its optical properties and its use - generally limited to a proof-of-concept - as a label-free biosensing scheme. Given the different stages of development both SPR and LSPR sensors find themselves in, it becomes apparent that providing a comparative analysis of both concepts is not a trivial task. Nevertheless, in this review we make an effort to provide an overview that illustrates the progress booked in both fields during the last five years. First, we discuss the most relevant advances in SPR biosensing, including interesting analytical applications, together with different strategies that assure improvements in performance, throughput and/or integration. Subsequently, the remaining part of this work focuses on the use of nanoplasmonic sensors for real label-free biosensing applications. First, we discuss the motivation that serves as a driving force behind this research topic, together with a brief summary that comprises the main fabrication methodologies used in this field. Next, the sensing performance of LSPR sensors is examined by analyzing different parameters that can be invoked in order to quantitatively assess their overall sensing performance. Two aspects are highlighted that turn out to be especially important when trying to maximize their sensing performance, being (1) the targeted functionalization of the electromagnetic hotspots of the nanostructures, and (2) overcoming inherent negative influence that stem from the presence of a high refractive index substrate that supports the nanostructures. Next, although few in numbers, an overview is given of the most exhaustive and diagnostically relevant LSPR sensing assays that have been recently reported in literature, followed by examples that exploit inherent LSPR characteristics in order to create highly integrated and high-throughput optical biosensors. Finally, we discuss a series of considerations that, in our opinion, should be addressed in order to bring the realization of a stand-alone LSPR biosensor with competitive levels of sensitivity, robustness and integration (when compared to a conventional SPR sensor) much closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-Carmen Estevez
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, ICN2 Building Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marinus A Otte
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, ICN2 Building Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Borja Sepulveda
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, ICN2 Building Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M Lechuga
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC & CIBER-BBN, ICN2 Building Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Bowker M, Crouch JJ, Carley AF, Davies PR, Morgan DJ, Lalev G, Dimov S, Pham DT. Encapsulation of Au Nanoparticles on a Silicon Wafer During Thermal Oxidation. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2013; 117:21577-21582. [PMID: 24163715 PMCID: PMC3807526 DOI: 10.1021/jp4074043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the behavior of Au nanoparticles anchored onto a Si(111) substrate and the evolution of the combined structure with annealing and oxidation. Au nanoparticles, formed by annealing a Au film, appear to "float" upon a growing layer of SiO2 during oxidation at high temperature, yet they also tend to become partially encapsulated by the growing silica layers. It is proposed that this occurs largely because of the differential growth rates of the silica layer on the silicon substrate between the particles and below the particles due to limited access of oxygen to the latter. This in turn is due to a combination of blockage of oxygen adsorption by the Au and limited oxygen diffusion under the gold. We think that such behavior is likely to be seen for other metal-semiconductor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bowker
- Wolfson Nanoscience Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom ; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH) , Harwell, Oxon OX11 0F, United Kingdom
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