1
|
Huang T, Li X, Maier M, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Heath DE, O'Connor AJ. Using inorganic nanoparticles to fight fungal infections in the antimicrobial resistant era. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:56-79. [PMID: 36640952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections pose a serious threat to human health and livelihoods. The number and variety of clinically approved antifungal drugs is very limited, and the emergence and rapid spread of resistance to these drugs means the impact of fungal infections will increase in the future unless alternatives are found. Despite the significance and major challenges associated with fungal infections, this topic receives significantly less attention than bacterial infections. A major challenge in the development of fungi-specific drugs is that both fungi and mammalian cells are eukaryotic and have significant overlap in their cellular machinery. This lack of fungi-specific drug targets makes human cells vulnerable to toxic side effects from many antifungal agents. Furthermore, antifungal drug resistance necessitates higher doses of the drugs, leading to significant human toxicity. There is an urgent need for new antifungal agents, specifically those that can limit the emergence of new resistant species. Non-drug nanomaterials have primarily been explored as antibacterial agents in recent years; however, they are also a promising source of new antifungal candidates. Thus, this article reviews current research on the use of inorganic nanoparticles as antifungal agents. We also highlight challenges facing antifungal nanoparticles and discuss possible future research opportunities in this field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fungal infections pose a growing threat to human health and livelihood. The rapid spread of resistance to current antifungal drugs has led to an urgent need to develop alternative antifungals. Nanoparticles have many properties that could make them useful antimycotic agents. To the authors' knowledge, there is no published review so far that has comprehensively summarized the current development status of antifungal inorganic nanomaterials, so we decided to fill this gap. In this review, we discussed the state-of-the-art research on antifungal inorganic nanoparticles including metal, metal oxide, transition-metal dichalcogenides, and inorganic non-metallic particle systems. Future directions for the design of inorganic nanoparticles with higher antifungal efficacy and lower toxicity are described as a guide for further development in this important area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Maier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M O'Brien-Simpson
- ACTV Research Group, Melbourne Dental School and The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel E Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrea J O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie H, Wei X, Zhao J, He L, Wang L, Wang M, Cui L, Yu YL, Li B, Li YF. Size characterization of nanomaterials in environmental and biological matrices through non-electron microscopic techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155399. [PMID: 35472343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENs) can enter the environment, and accumulate in food chains, thereby causing environmental and health problems. Size characterization of ENs is critical for further evaluating the interactions among ENs in biological and ecological systems. Although electron microscope is a powerful tool in obtaining the size information, it has limitations when studying nanomaterials in complex matrices. In this review, we summarized non-electron microscope-based techniques, including chromatography-based, mass spectrometry-based, synchrotron radiation- and neutron-based techniques for detecting the size of ENs in environmental and biological matrices. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques were highlighted. The perspectives on size characterization of ENs in complex matrices were also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lina He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liwei Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong-Liang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China.
| | - Bai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, & Beijing Metallomics Facility, & National Consortium for Excellence in Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sabbioni E, Manenti S, Magarini R, Petrarca C, Poma AMG, Zaccariello G, Back M, Benedetti A, Di Gioacchino M, Mignini E, Pirotta G, Riscassi R, Salvini A, Groppi F. Fast and non-destructive neutron activation analysis for simultaneous determination of TiO2 and SiO2 in sunscreens with attention to regulatory and research issues. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1200:339601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
4
|
Liu Y, Huang Y, Mou Z, Li R, Hossen MA, Dai J, Qin W, Lee K. Characterization and preliminary safety evaluation of nano-SiO 2 isolated from instant coffee. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112694. [PMID: 34454355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The physiological and toxicological evaluation of nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) particles in food is important for ensuring food safety. In this study, nano-SiO2 particles isolated from five brands of instant coffee, were structurally characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential analyses. Their toxicity was assessed by measuring cell viability, membrane integrity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in model gastrointestinal cells (GES-1 and Caco-2). Additionally, mortality, deformity rate, heart rate and death of whole zebra fish embryos were measured. The five types of nano-SiO2 samples comprised amorphous particles with a purity of approximately 99%, which met the food additive standard. Considering that the original particle size ranged from 10 to 50 nm, the samples were classified as nano-SiO2 food additives. Nano-SiO2 did not significantly impact the activity of GES-1 or Caco-2 cells, and no significant cell membrane damage was observed (Caco-2 cells exhibited mild micro damage); however, a slight increase in intracellular RPS levels was detected. Moreover, nano-SiO2 was found to cause head deformity, pericardial edema, yolk sac edema and tail bending. Collectively, the results show that nano-SiO2 time- and dose-dependently affects GES-1 and Caco-2 cell viability, as well as the mortality, heart rate, and abnormality rate of zebra fish embryos. Specifically, a high concentration (≥ 200 μg/mL) and long exposure time (≥ 48 h) of food additive nano-SiO2 affected GES-1, Caco-2 cells, and the gastrointestinal tract in zebra fish embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA.
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhen Mou
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Md Alomgir Hossen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - KangJu Lee
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Department of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University(,) Yeosu 59626, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benefits and Biosafety of Use of 3D-Printing Technology for Titanium Biomedical Implants: A Pilot Study in the Rabbit Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168480. [PMID: 34445182 PMCID: PMC8395183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Titanium has been used in osteosynthesis for decades and its compatibility and safety is unquestioned. Studies have shown that there is release and collection of titanium in the organ systems with little note of toxicity. The gold standard is considered to be titanium osteosynthesis plate produced by milling methods. The use of customized titanium plates produced with 3D printing, specifically direct metal laser sintering, have found increasing use in recent years. It is unknown how much titanium is released in these printed titanium implants, which is known to be potentially porous, depending on the heat settings of the printer. We hypothesize that the amount of titanium released in printed titanium implants may be potentially more or equal compared to the gold standard, which is the implant produced by milling. METHODS We studied the biosafety of this technology and its products by measuring serum and organ titanium levels after implantation of 3D-printed versus traditionally fabrication titanium plates and screws in a pilot study using the rabbit model. A total of nine rabbits were used, with three each in the control, milled and printed titanium group. The animals were euthanized after six months. Serum and organs of the reticuloendothelial system were harvested, digested and assayed for titanium levels. RESULTS Organ and serum titanium levels were significantly higher in rabbit subjects implanted with titanium implants (milled and printed) compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in organ and serum titanium levels of subjects implanted with milled and traditionally fabricated titanium implants. CONCLUSIONS The biosafety of use of 3D-printed titanium implants and traditionally fabricated titanium implants are comparable. With this in mind, 3D-printed custom implants can not only replace, but will very possibly surpass traditionally fabricated titanium implants in the mode and extent of use.
Collapse
|
6
|
Li B, Chua SL, Yu D, Chan SH, Li A. Separation and size characterization of highly polydisperse titanium dioxide nanoparticles (E171) in powdered beverages by using Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation hyphenated with Multi-Angle Light Scattering and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462059. [PMID: 33780882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of titanium dioxide as E171 food additive has become an issue of debate due to numerous reports that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) inside the products may pose risks to human health. However, there is still a lack of an official standardized methodology for the detection and size characterization of TiO2 particles in foods containing E171. In this study, a method was presented for size characterization of TiO2 particles with various independent verifications in coffee creamer and instant drink powders, using Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation hyphenated with Multi-Angle Light Scattering and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (AF4-MALS-ICP-MS). TiO2 particles from these products were well extracted, followed by their optimized AF4 separation using anionic surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) (0.05%, pH 9) and mixed surfactant NovaChem (0.2%), respectively. Size determination of TiO2 NPs was conducted based on AF4 calibration with polystyrene nanospheres and verification with TiO2 NPs standard suspension of 100 nm under two different AF4 conditions. The TiO2 particle sizes detected ranged from 24.4 - 544.3 nm for coffee creamer and 27.7 - 574.3 nm for instant drink powders, with the TiO2 NPs detection recoveries of 75% and 92%, respectively. Hydrodynamic diameters from AF4 size calibration could be independently validated by the gyration diameters from online MALS measurement. The established approach was demonstrated to be reliable and pragmatic for size profiling of highly polydisperse TiO2 particles and thus useful for monitoring E171 in similar foodstuffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore 718837, Singapore
| | - Sew Lay Chua
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore 718837, Singapore
| | - Dingyi Yu
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore 718837, Singapore.
| | - Sheot Harn Chan
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore 718837, Singapore
| | - Angela Li
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore 718837, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lehutso RF, Tancu Y, Maity A, Thwala M. Characterisation of Engineered Nanomaterials in Nano-Enabled Products Exhibiting Priority Environmental Exposure. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051370. [PMID: 33806400 PMCID: PMC7961725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Analytical limitations have constrained the determination of nanopollution character from real-world sources such as nano-enabled products (NEPs), thus hindering the development of environmental safety guidelines for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). This study examined the properties of ENMs in 18 commercial products: sunscreens, personal care products, clothing, and paints—products exhibiting medium to a high potential for environmental nanopollution. It was found that 17 of the products contained ENMs; 9, 3, 3, and 2 were incorporated with nTiO2, nAg, binaries of nZnO + nTiO2, and nTiO2 + nAg, respectively. Commonly, the nTiO2 were elongated or angular, whereas nAg and nZnO were near-spherical and angular in morphology, respectively. The size ranges (width × length) were 7–48 × 14–200, 34–35 × 37–38, and 18–28 nm for nTiO2, nZnO, and nAg respectively. All ENMs were negatively charged. The total concentration of Ti, Zn, and Ag in the NEPs were 2.3 × 10−4–4.3%, 3.4–4.3%, and 1.0 × 10−4–11.3 × 10−3%, respectively. The study determined some key ENM characteristics required for environmental risk assessment; however, challenges persist regarding the accurate determination of the concentration in NEPs. Overall, the study confirmed NEPs as actual sources of nanopollution; hence, scenario-specific efforts are recommended to quantify their loads into water resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raisibe Florence Lehutso
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (R.F.L.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa;
| | - Yolanda Tancu
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (R.F.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Arjun Maity
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa;
- DST/CSIR, Centre for Nanostructure and Advanced Materials (CeNAM), Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Melusi Thwala
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (R.F.L.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-12-841-3859
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Velimirovic M, Wagner S, Monikh FA, Uusimäki T, Kaegi R, Hofmann T, Kammer FVD. Accurate quantification of TiO2 nanoparticles in commercial sunscreens using standard materials and orthogonal particle sizing methods for verification. Talanta 2020; 215:120921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Ojeda D, Taboada-López MV, Bolea E, Pérez-Arantegui J, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A, Laborda F. Size characterization and quantification of titanium dioxide nano- and microparticles-based products by Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation coupled to Dynamic Light Scattering and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1122:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
Musial J, Krakowiak R, Mlynarczyk DT, Goslinski T, Stanisz BJ. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products-What Do We Know about Their Safety? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1110. [PMID: 32512703 PMCID: PMC7353154 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a material of diverse applications commonly used as a food additive or cosmetic ingredient. Its prevalence in products of everyday use, especially in nanosize, raises concerns about safety. Current findings on the safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) used as a food additive or a sunscreen compound are reviewed and systematized in this publication. Although some studies state that TiO2 NPs are not harmful to humans through ingestion or via dermal exposure, there is a considerable number of data that demonstrated their toxic effects in animal models. The final agreement on the safety of this nanomaterial has not yet been reached among researchers. There is also a lack of official, standardized guidelines for thorough characterization of TiO2 NPs in food and cosmetic products, provided by international authorities. Recent advances in the application of 'green-synthesized' TiO2 NPs, as well as comparative studies of the properties of 'biogenic' and 'traditional' nanoparticles, are presented. To conclude, perspectives and directions for further studies on the toxicity of TiO2 NPs are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Musial
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Rafal Krakowiak
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Beata J. Stanisz
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (R.K.); (T.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He Y, Peng G, Jiang Y, Zhao M, Wang X, Chen M, Lin S. Environmental Hazard Potential of Nano-Photocatalysts Determined by Nano-Bio Interactions and Exposure Conditions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907690. [PMID: 32191389 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nano-photocatalysts are known for their ability to degrade pollutants or perform water splitting catalyzed by light. Being the key functional ingredients of current and future products, the potential of nano-photocatalysts releasing into the environment and causing unintended harm to living organisms warrants investigation. Risk assessment of these materials serves as an important step to allow safe implementation and to avoid irrational fear. Using TiO2 and g-C3 N4 as representative nano-photocatalysts, this study evaluates their hazard potential in zebrafish. Under simulated solar light, nano-photocatalysts up to 100 mg L-1 show no acute toxicity to zebrafish embryos due to the protection of chorions. The short-lived reactive oxygen species generated by nano-photocatalysts only exert injury to the hatched larvae at and above 50 mg L-1 . The input of solar energy, determined by the depth of water, irradiation time, and light intensity, greatly influences the toxicity outcome. Increasing concentrations of natural organic matters contribute positively to the hazard potential at 0-10 mg L-1 while gradually diminishing the hazardous effect above 10 mg L-1 . This study demonstrates the importance of nano-bio interactions and environmental exposure conditions in determining the safety profile of nano-photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guotao Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Akram MW, Raziq F, Fakhar-e-Alam M, Aziz MH, Alimgeer K, Atif M, Amir M, Hanif A, Aslam Farooq W. Tailoring of Au-TiO2 nanoparticles conjugated with doxorubicin for their synergistic response and photodynamic therapy applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
13
|
Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles in Food Additives by Asymmetric-Flow Field-Flow Fractionation Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry—a Pilot Study. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
14
|
Characterisation of titanium oxide nanomaterials in sunscreens obtained by extraction and release exposure scenarios. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
15
|
Amaro-Gahete J, Benítez A, Otero R, Esquivel D, Jiménez-Sanchidrián C, Morales J, Caballero Á, Romero-Salguero FJ. A Comparative Study of Particle Size Distribution of Graphene Nanosheets Synthesized by an Ultrasound-Assisted Method. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020152. [PMID: 30691102 PMCID: PMC6409618 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are highly interesting in virtue of their excellent chemical, physical and mechanical properties that make them extremely useful as privileged materials in different industrial applications. Sonochemical methods allow the production of low-defect graphene materials, which are preferred for certain uses. Graphene nanosheets (GNS) have been prepared by exfoliation of a commercial micrographite (MG) using an ultrasound probe. Both materials were characterized by common techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All of them revealed the formation of exfoliated graphene nanosheets with similar surface characteristics to the pristine graphite but with a decreased crystallite size and number of layers. An exhaustive study of the particle size distribution was carried out by different analytical techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4). The results provided by these techniques have been compared. NTA and AF4 gave higher resolution than DLS. AF4 has shown to be a precise analytical technique for the separation of GNS of different sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Amaro-Gahete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Almudena Benítez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Rocío Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Dolores Esquivel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - César Jiménez-Sanchidrián
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Julián Morales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Romero-Salguero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
López-Sanz S, Fariñas NR, Martín-Doimeadios RDCR, Ríos Á. Analytical strategy based on asymmetric flow field flow fractionation hyphenated to ICP-MS and complementary techniques to study gold nanoparticles transformations in cell culture medium. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1053:178-185. [PMID: 30712564 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An analytical methodology based on asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been developed to study gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in cell culture medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, DMEM, containing 10% fetal bovine serum, FBS, and antibiotics) used for in vitro toxicological studies. AF4-ICP-MS separation of AuNPs was performed using a regenerated cellulose membrane (molecular weight cut-off, MWCO, of 10 kDa). The carrier composition and the AF4 separation program were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, AuNPs of different types, i.e. phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and citrate stabilized, and sizes (10, 30 and 40 nm), without and with cell culture medium could be separated. The developed method allowed to detect transformations in AuNPs and dissolved gold species (Au3+) induced by this medium, such as an increase in the hydrodynamic volume and oxidation. Centrifugal ultrafiltration (CU), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrophotometry have been used as complementary techniques to study these processes. This information is of major interest to have a correct interpretation of the in vitro toxicological studies of NPs, which are more and more demanded due to the increasing concerns about the safe use of these materials and their impacts. This work demonstrates the potential of hyphenated techniques based on AF4 to achieve this relevant information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara López-Sanz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Environmental Sciences Institute (ICAM), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez Fariñas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Environmental Sciences Institute (ICAM), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosa Del Carmen Rodríguez Martín-Doimeadios
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Environmental Sciences Institute (ICAM), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ángel Ríos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Challenges in Determining the Size Distribution of Nanoparticles in Consumer Products by Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry: The Example of Al2O3, TiO2, and SiO2 Nanoparticles in Toothpaste. SEPARATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/separations5040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the current European regulation on cosmetics, any ingredient present as a nanomaterial should be indicated in the ingredient list. There is a need for analytical methods capable of determining the size of the relevant ingredients and thus assessing if these are nanomaterials or not. An analytical method based on asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed to determine the size of particles present in a commercial toothpaste. Multi-angle light scattering (MALS) was used for on-line size determination. The number-based particle size distributions (PSDs) of the particles were retrieved upon mathematical conversion of the mass-based PSDs recovered from the AF4-ICP-MS fractograms. AF4-ICP-MS allowed to separate and detect Al2O3 and TiO2 particles in the toothpaste and to retrieve a correct TiO2 number-based PSD. The potential presence of particles in the lower size range of the Al2O3 mass-based PSD had a strong impact on sizing and nanomaterial classification upon conversion. AF4 coupled with ICP-MS and MALS was found to be a powerful approach for characterization of different particles in a multiple-particle system such as toothpaste. Confirmation of particle size by a secondary method such as single particle ICP-MS or hydrodynamic chromatography was crucial.
Collapse
|
18
|
Polesel F, Farkas J, Kjos M, Almeida Carvalho P, Flores-Alsina X, Gernaey KV, Hansen SF, Plósz BG, Booth AM. Occurrence, characterisation and fate of (nano)particulate Ti and Ag in two Norwegian wastewater treatment plants. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 141:19-31. [PMID: 29753974 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to their widespread application in consumer products, elemental titanium (e.g., titanium dioxide, TiO2) and silver (Ag), also in nanoparticulate form, are increasingly released from households and industrial facilities to urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A seven-day sampling campaign was conducted in two full-scale WWTPs in Trondheim (Norway) employing only primary treatment. We assessed the occurrence and elimination of Ti and Ag, and conducted size-based fractionation using sequential filtration of influent samples to separate particulate, colloidal and dissolved fractions. Eight-hour composite influent samples were collected to assess diurnal variations in total Ti and Ag influx. Measured influent Ti concentrations (up to 290 μg L-1) were significantly higher than Ag (<0.15-2.1 μg L-1), being mostly associated with suspended solids (>0.7 μm). Removal efficiencies ≥70% were observed for both elements, requiring for one WWTP to account for the high Ti content (∼2 g L-1) in the flocculant. Nano- and micron-sized Ti particles were observed with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in influent, effluent and biosolids, while Ag nanoparticles were detected in biosolids only. Diurnal profiles of influent Ti were correlated to flow and pollutant concentration patterns (especially total suspended solids), with peaks during the morning and/or evening and minima at night, indicating household discharges as predominant source. Irregular profiles were exhibited by influent Ag, with periodic concentration spikes suggesting short-term discharges from one or few point sources (e.g., industry). Influent Ti and Ag dynamics were reproduced using a disturbance scenario generator model, and we estimated per capita loads of Ti (42-45 mg cap-1 d-1) and Ag (0.11 mg cap-1 d-1) from households as well as additional Ag load (14-22 g d-1) from point discharge. This is the first study to experimentally and mathematically describe short-term release dynamics and dry-weather sources of emissions of Ti and Ag in municipal WWTPs and receiving environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Polesel
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Julia Farkas
- SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marianne Kjos
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Postboks 4760 Torgarden, 7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Xavier Flores-Alsina
- Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Krist V Gernaey
- Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steffen Foss Hansen
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Andy M Booth
- SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bocca B, Caimi S, Senofonte O, Alimonti A, Petrucci F. ICP-MS based methods to characterize nanoparticles of TiO 2 and ZnO in sunscreens with focus on regulatory and safety issues. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:922-930. [PMID: 29499547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to develop analytical methods to characterize titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), including the particle size distribution and concentration, in cream and spray sunscreens with different sun protection factor (SPF). The Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (SP ICP-MS) was used as screening and fast method to determine particles size and number. The Asymmetric Flow-Field Flow Fractionation (AF4-FFF) as a pre-separation technique was on-line coupled to the Multi-Angle Light Scattering (MALS) and ICP-MS to determine particle size distributions and size dependent multi-elemental concentration. Both methods were optimized in sunscreens in terms of recovery, repeatability, limit of detection and linear dynamic range. Results showed that sunscreens contained TiO2 particles with an average size of ≤107 nm and also a minor number of ZnO particles sized ≤98 nm. The higher fraction of particles <100 nm was observed in sunscreens with SPF 50+ (ca. 80%); the lower percentage (12-35%) in sunscreens with lower SPF values. Also the higher TiO2 (up to 24% weight) and ZnO (ca. 0.25% weight) concentrations were found in formulations of SPF 50+. Creamy sunscreens could be considered safe containing TiO2 and ZnO NPs less than the maximum allowable concentration of 25% weight as set by the European legislation. On the contrary, spray products required additional considerations with regard to the potential inhalation of NPs. The developed methods can contribute to the actual demand for regulatory control and safety assessment of metallic NPs in consumers' products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Caimi
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Oreste Senofonte
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alimonti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrucci
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sun X, Chang Y, Cheng Y, Feng Y, Zhang H. Band Alignment-Driven Oxidative Injury to the Skin by Anatase/Rutile Mixed-Phase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Under Sunlight Exposure. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:300-312. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Sun
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Chang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Feng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zulkifli SN, Rahim HA, Lau WJ. Detection of contaminants in water supply: A review on state-of-the-art monitoring technologies and their applications. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018; 255:2657-2689. [PMID: 32288249 PMCID: PMC7126548 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2017.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Water monitoring technologies are widely used for contaminants detection in wide variety of water ecology applications such as water treatment plant and water distribution system. A tremendous amount of research has been conducted over the past decades to develop robust and efficient techniques of contaminants detection with minimum operating cost and energy. Recent developments in spectroscopic techniques and biosensor approach have improved the detection sensitivities, quantitatively and qualitatively. The availability of in-situ measurements and multiple detection analyses has expanded the water monitoring applications in various advanced techniques including successful establishment in hand-held sensing devices which improves portability in real-time basis for the detection of contaminant, such as microorganisms, pesticides, heavy metal ions, inorganic and organic components. This paper intends to review the developments in water quality monitoring technologies for the detection of biological and chemical contaminants in accordance with instrumental limitations. Particularly, this review focuses on the most recently developed techniques for water contaminant detection applications. Several recommendations and prospective views on the developments in water quality assessments will also be included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Herlina Abdul Rahim
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Woei-Jye Lau
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Król A, Pomastowski P, Rafińska K, Railean-Plugaru V, Buszewski B. Zinc oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, antiseptic activity and toxicity mechanism. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 249:37-52. [PMID: 28923702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO), as a material with attractive properties, has attracted great interest worldwide, particularly owing to the implementation of the synthesis of nano-sized particles. High luminescent efficiency, a wide band gap (3.36eV), and a large exciton binding energy (60meV) has triggered intense research on the production of nanoparticles using different synthesis methods and on their future applications. ZnO nanomaterials can be used in industry as nano-optical and nano-electrical devices, in food packaging and in medicine as antimicrobial and antitumor agents. The increasing focus on nano zinc oxide resulted in the invention and development of methods of nanoparticles synthesis. Recently, various approaches including physical, chemical and biological ("green chemistry") have been used to prepare ZnO nanocomposites with different morphologies. The obtained nanoparticles can be characterized with a broad range of analytical methods including dynamic light scattering (DLS), electron microscopy (TEM, SEM), UV-VIS spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) or inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). With these it is possible to obtain information concerning the size, shape and optical properties of nanoparticles. ZnO NPs exhibit attractive antimicrobial properties against bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and fungi. Zinc oxide nanocomposites show also selective toxicity toward normal and cancerous cells, which is explained by reactive oxygen formation (ROS). Yet despite the potentially interesting antitumor activity of ZnO nanoparticles, it has been proven that they can be also cytotoxic and genotoxic for multiple types of human cells (i.e. neuronal or epithelial cells). This paper reviews the methods of synthesizing zinc oxide nanocomposites as well as their characteristics, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against normal and tumor cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sogne V, Meier F, Klein T, Contado C. Investigation of zinc oxide particles in cosmetic products by means of centrifugal and asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1515:196-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Screening of TiO 2 and Au nanoparticles in cosmetics and determination of elemental impurities by multiple techniques (DLS, SP-ICP-MS, ICP-MS and ICP-OES). Talanta 2017; 171:291-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
25
|
Mudalige TK, Qu H, Linder SW. Rejection of Commonly Used Electrolytes in Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation: Effects of Membrane Molecular Weight Cutoff Size, Fluid Dynamics, and Valence of Electrolytes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1442-1450. [PMID: 28098465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) is an efficient size-based separation technique for the characterization of submicron size particulates. In AF4, membranes having various molecular weight cutoff sizes are used as a barrier to retain particles while allowing the carrier fluid containing electrolytes to permeate. Here, we have hypothesized that electrolyte rejection by the barrier membrane leads to the accumulation of electrolytes in the channel during operation. Electrolyte accumulation can cause various adverse effects that can lead to membrane fouling. An instrument setup containing a conductivity detector was assembled, and the rejection of commonly used carrier electrolytes such as trisodium citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium chloride, and ammonium carbonate was evaluated by varying the concentration, cross-flow rate, focusing flow rate, membrane material type, and cutoff sizes. The results showed that electrolyte rejection increased with a decrease in the electrolyte concentration and the molecular weight cutoff size (pore size) or with an increase in the charge state of the anion in the carrier electrolytes. We proposed an electrostatic repulsion-based rejection mechanism and verified it with the measurement of the rejection rate while varying the electrolyte concentration in the running media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilak K Mudalige
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Haiou Qu
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Sean W Linder
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Biswas A, Salunke G, Khandelwal P, Das R, Poddar P. Surface disordered rutile TiO2–graphene quantum dot hybrids: a new multifunctional material with superior photocatalytic and biofilm eradication properties. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03607d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Superior photocatalytic degradation by a TG-hybrid towards methylene blue and rhodamine B with enhanced reactive oxygen species for bacterial toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Biswas
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
| | - Gayatri Salunke
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
| | - Puneet Khandelwal
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Raja Das
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Pankaj Poddar
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jeon SK, Kim EJ, Lee J, Lee S. Potential risks of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles released from sunscreens into outdoor swimming pools. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 317:312-318. [PMID: 27318727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential risks of nanoparticles (NPs) in sunscreens being released into swimming water were evaluated by a series of laboratory experiments simulating the fate and transport of NPs in outdoor swimming pools. NPs released from sunscreen-applied skin were estimated using pig skins covered with five different commercial sunscreens containing TiO2, ZnO, or both at various concentrations. Assuming that the swimming water treatment processes consisted of filtration, UV irradiation, heating, and chlorination, possible removal of the released NPs by each process was estimated. Generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by the NPs under sunlight and after UV photochemical treatment were measured, and the H2O2 concentration possibly present in the swimming pool was calculated based on some specific scenarios of operating an outdoor swimming pool. It was found that a significant amount of the NPs in sunscreens could be released into the swimming water, and accumulate during circulation through the treatment system. However, the concentration of H2O2 possibly present in the swimming pool should be below the level at which an adverse effect to bathers is concerned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyung Jeon
- Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University (KU)-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University (KU)-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea; Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - Seunghak Lee
- Center for Water Resource Cycle, Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Energy Environment Policy and Technology, Green School, Korea University (KU)-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mass spectrometry for the characterization and quantification of engineered inorganic nanoparticles. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
29
|
Omar J, Boix A, Kerckhove G, von Holst C. Optimisation of asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation for the characterisation of nanoparticles in coated polydisperse TiO 2 with applications in food and feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1775-1784. [PMID: 27650879 PMCID: PMC5214228 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1239031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has various applications in consumer products and is also used as an additive in food and feeding stuffs. For the characterisation of this product, including the determination of nanoparticles, there is a strong need for the availability of corresponding methods of analysis. This paper presents an optimisation process for the characterisation of polydisperse-coated TiO2 nanoparticles. As a first step, probe ultrasonication was optimised using a central composite design in which the amplitude and time were the selected variables to disperse, i.e., to break up agglomerates and/or aggregates of the material. The results showed that high amplitudes (60%) favoured a better dispersion and time was fixed in mid-values (5 min). In a next step, key factors of asymmetric flow field-flow fraction (AF4), namely cross-flow (CF), detector flow (DF), exponential decay of the cross-flow (CFexp) and focus time (Ft), were studied through experimental design. Firstly, a full-factorial design was employed to establish the statistically significant factors (p < 0.05). Then, the information obtained from the full-factorial design was utilised by applying a central composite design to obtain the following optimum conditions of the system: CF, 1.6 ml min–1; DF, 0.4 ml min–1; Ft, 5 min; and CFexp, 0.6. Once the optimum conditions were obtained, the stability of the dispersed sample was measured for 24 h by analysing 10 replicates with AF4 in order to assess the performance of the optimised dispersion protocol. Finally, the recovery of the optimised method, particle shape and particle size distribution were estimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Omar
- a European Commission , Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) , Geel , Belgium
| | - A Boix
- a European Commission , Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) , Geel , Belgium
| | - G Kerckhove
- a European Commission , Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) , Geel , Belgium
| | - C von Holst
- a European Commission , Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) , Geel , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cao M, Li J, Tang J, Chen C, Zhao Y. Gold Nanomaterials in Consumer Cosmetics Nanoproducts: Analyses, Characterization, and Dermal Safety Assessment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:5488-5496. [PMID: 27562146 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Establishment of analytical methods of engineered nanomaterials in consumer products for their human and environmental risk assessment becomes urgent for both academic and industrial needs. Owing to the difficulties and challenges around nanomaterials in complex media, proper chemical separation and biological assays of nanomaterials from nanoproducts needs to be firstly developed. Herein, a facile and rapid method to separate and analyze gold nanomaterials in cosmetics is reported. Gold nanomaterials are successfully separated from different facial or eye creams and their physiochemical properties are analyzed by quantitative and qualitative state-of-the art techniques with high sensitivity or high spatial resolution. In turn, a protocol including quantification of gold by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and thorough characterization of morphology, size distribution, and surface property by electron microscopes, atomic force microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope is developed. Subsequently, the preliminary toxicity assessment indicates that gold nanomaterials in cosmetic creams have no observable toxicity to human keratinocytes even after 24 h exposure up to a concentration of 200 μg mL-1 . The environmental scanning electron microscope reveals that gold nanomaterials are mostly attached on the cell membrane. Thus, the present study provides a full analysis protocol for toxicity assessment of gold nanomaterials in consumer products (cosmetic creams).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiayang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinglong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nizamov S, Scherbahn V, Mirsky VM. Detection and Quantification of Single Engineered Nanoparticles in Complex Samples Using Template Matching in Wide-Field Surface Plasmon Microscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10206-10214. [PMID: 27633322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive analytical method for direct detection of single nanoparticles in complex environment is described. The method relies on the wide-field surface plasmon microscopy (SPM). The suppression of matrix effects is achieved by image analysis based on the template matching. First, characteristic SPM images of nanoparticles are collected in aqueous suspensions. Then the detection of nanoparticles in complex environment is performed using template matching. Quantification and characterization of nanoparticles size was demonstrated at subppb level (∼100 pg/mL) in such complex media as wines, fruit juices, or cosmetic formulation. Visualization of the nanoparticles is performed in real time. The method does not require any sample pretreatment. If the minimally acceptable adsorption rate is defined as one nanoparticle to the whole sensor surface per few seconds, the working range of the method is ∼106 to 1010 nanoparticles per mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shavkat Nizamov
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg , 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Vitali Scherbahn
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg , 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir M Mirsky
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg , 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Ranjan S, Dasgupta N, Srivastava P, Ramalingam C. A spectroscopic study on interaction between bovine serum albumin and titanium dioxide nanoparticle synthesized from microwave-assisted hybrid chemical approach. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:472-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
34
|
Helsper JPFG, Peters RJB, van Bemmel MEM, Rivera ZEH, Wagner S, von der Kammer F, Tromp PC, Hofmann T, Weigel S. Physicochemical characterization of titanium dioxide pigments using various techniques for size determination and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6679-91. [PMID: 27469116 PMCID: PMC5012254 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Seven commercial titanium dioxide pigments and two other well-defined TiO2 materials (TiMs) were physicochemically characterised using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (aF4) for separation, various techniques to determine size distribution and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) for chemical characterization. The aF4-ICPMS conditions were optimised and validated for linearity, limit of detection, recovery, repeatability and reproducibility, all indicating good performance. Multi-element detection with aF4-ICPMS showed that some commercial pigments contained zirconium co-eluting with titanium in aF4. The other two TiMs, NM103 and NM104, contained aluminium as integral part of the titanium peak eluting in aF4. The materials were characterised using various size determination techniques: retention time in aF4, aF4 hyphenated with multi-angle laser light spectrometry (MALS), single particle ICPMS (spICPMS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle tracking analysis (PTA). PTA appeared inappropriate. For the other techniques, size distribution patterns were quite similar, i.e. high polydispersity with diameters from 20 to >700 nm, a modal peak between 200 and 500 nm and a shoulder at 600 nm. Number-based size distribution techniques as spICPMS and SEM showed smaller modal diameters than aF4-UV, from which mass-based diameters are calculated. With aF4-MALS calculated, light-scattering-based “diameters of gyration” (Øg) are similar to hydrodynamic diameters (Øh) from aF4-UV analyses and diameters observed with SEM, but much larger than with spICPMS. A Øg/Øh ratio of about 1 indicates that the TiMs are oblate spheres or fractal aggregates. SEM observations confirm the latter structure. The rationale for differences in modal peak diameter is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruud J B Peters
- RIKILT Wageningen UR, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Stephan Wagner
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department Analytik, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank von der Kammer
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter C Tromp
- TNO Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Princetonlaan 6, 3584 CB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Weigel
- RIKILT Wageningen UR, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straβe 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Müller D, Cattaneo S, Meier F, Welz R, de Vries T, Portugal-Cohen M, Antonio DC, Cascio C, Calzolai L, Gilliland D, de Mello A. Inverse supercritical fluid extraction as a sample preparation method for the analysis of the nanoparticle content in sunscreen agents. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1440:31-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Bairi VG, Lim JH, Quevedo IR, Mudalige TK, Linder SW. Portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy as a rapid screening technique for analysis of TiO 2 and ZnO in sunscreens. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART B, ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 116:21-27. [PMID: 27076699 PMCID: PMC4827927 DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This investigation reports a rapid and simple screening technique for the quantification of titanium and zinc in commercial sunscreens using portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF). A highly evolved technique, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was chosen as a comparative technique to pXRF, and a good correlation (r2 > 0.995) with acceptable variations (≤25%) in results between both techniques was observed. Analytical figures of merit such as detection limit, quantitation limit, and linear range of the method are reported for the pXRF technique. This method has a good linearity (r2 > 0.995) for the analysis of titanium (Ti) in the range of 0.4-14.23 wt%, and zinc (Zn) in the range of 1.0-23.90 wt%. However, most commercial sunscreens contain organic ingredients, and these ingredients are known to cause matrix effects. The development of appropriate matrix matched working standards to obtain the calibration curve was found to be a major challenge for the pXRF measurements. In this study, we have overcome the matrix effect by using metal-free commercial sunscreens as a dispersing media for the preparation of working standards. An easy extension of this unique methodology for preparing working standards in different matrices was also reported. This method is simple, rapid, and cost-effective and, in comparison to conventional techniques (e.g., ICP-MS), did not generate toxic wastes during sample analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venu Gopal Bairi
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Jin-Hee Lim
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Ivan R. Quevedo
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Thilak K. Mudalige
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Sean W. Linder
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Laborda F, Bolea E, Cepriá G, Gómez MT, Jiménez MS, Pérez-Arantegui J, Castillo JR. Detection, characterization and quantification of inorganic engineered nanomaterials: A review of techniques and methodological approaches for the analysis of complex samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 904:10-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
38
|
Cuddy MF, Poda AR, Moser RD, Weiss CA, Cairns C, Steevens JA. A weight-of-evidence approach to identify nanomaterials in consumer products: a case study of nanoparticles in commercial sunscreens. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2016; 26:26-34. [PMID: 26374657 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2015.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale ingredients in commercial products represent a point of emerging environmental concern due to recent findings that correlate toxicity with small particle size. A weight-of-evidence (WOE) approach based upon multiple lines of evidence (LOE) is developed here to assess nanomaterials as they exist in consumer product formulations, providing a qualitative assessment regarding the presence of nanomaterials, along with a baseline estimate of nanoparticle concentration if nanomaterials do exist. Electron microscopy, analytical separations, and X-ray detection methods were used to identify and characterize nanomaterials in sunscreen formulations. The WOE/LOE approach as applied to four commercial sunscreen products indicated that all four contained at least 10% dispersed primary particles having at least one dimension <100 nm in size. Analytical analyses confirmed that these constituents were comprised of zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO2). The screening approaches developed herein offer a streamlined, facile means to identify potentially hazardous nanomaterial constituents with minimal abrasive processing of the raw material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Cuddy
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Aimee R Poda
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Robert D Moser
- Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Charles A Weiss
- Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - Jeffery A Steevens
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Determination of TiO2 nanoparticles in sunscreen using N-doped graphene quantum dots as a fluorescent probe. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
40
|
Mudalige TK, Qu H, Linder SW. An improved methodology of asymmetric flow field flow fractionation hyphenated with inductively coupled mass spectrometry for the determination of size distribution of gold nanoparticles in dietary supplements. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1420:92-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
41
|
Physicochemical and toxicological evaluation of silica nanoparticles suitable for food and consumer products collected by following the EC recommendation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:271-86. [PMID: 26507331 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Specific information about the particle size distribution, agglomeration state, morphology, and chemical composition of four silica samples, used as additives in food and in personal care products, were achieved with a combination of analytical techniques. The combined use of differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS), sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF), and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) allows to classify the water dispersed samples as "nanomaterials" according to the EC definition. The mechanical stirring and the ultrasound treatment were compared as dispersion methods. The particle surface chemical composition, determined by particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), assessed the different levels of purity between the pyrogenic and the precipitated silica and highlighted particle surface chemical composition modifications in the outer shell when dispersed by mechanical stirring. The potential toxic effects of silica on intestinal Caco-2 cells were investigated using MTS assay and by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and caspases 3/7 activity after 24 h of incubation. No or limited decrease of cell viability was observed for all particles regardless of dispersion procedure, suggesting a relative innocuity of these silica samples.
Collapse
|
42
|
Dan Y, Shi H, Stephan C, Liang X. Rapid analysis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreens using single particle inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
43
|
Contado C. Nanomaterials in consumer products: a challenging analytical problem. Front Chem 2015; 3:48. [PMID: 26301216 PMCID: PMC4527077 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many products used in everyday life are made with the assistance of nanotechnologies. Cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, sunscreen, powdered food are only few examples of end products containing nano-sized particles (NPs), generally added to improve the product quality. To evaluate correctly benefits vs. risks of engineered nanomaterials and consequently to legislate in favor of consumer's protection, it is necessary to know the hazards connected with the exposure levels. This information implies transversal studies and a number of different competences. On analytical point of view the identification, quantification and characterization of NPs in food matrices and in cosmetic or personal care products pose significant challenges, because NPs are usually present at low concentration levels and the matrices, in which they are dispersed, are complexes and often incompatible with analytical instruments that would be required for their detection and characterization. This paper focused on some analytical techniques suitable for the detection, characterization and quantification of NPs in food and cosmetics products, reports their recent application in characterizing specific metal and metal-oxide NPs in these two important industrial and market sectors. The need of a characterization of the NPs as much as possible complete, matching complementary information about different metrics, possible achieved through validate procedures, is what clearly emerges from this research. More work should be done to produce standardized materials and to set-up methodologies to determine number-based size distributions and to get quantitative date about the NPs in such a complex matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catia Contado
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of FerraraFerrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Song L, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM. Comparative toxicity of copper nanoparticles across three Lemnaceae species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 518-519:217-224. [PMID: 25765374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles can end up in aquatic ecosystems due to their widespread application. Even though the toxicological effects of metallic nanoparticles to a diversity of species have been reported extensively, the toxicological data achieved in different studies are not always comparable and little is known regarding the comparative toxicity of nanoparticles across species, as different test strategies and endpoints were applied. To attempt to fill this knowledge gap, Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor and Wolffia arrhiza were exposed to 25 nm spherical copper nanoparticles to investigate the inhibiting effect of copper nanoparticle suspensions across species at three endpoints: total frond area, frond number and dry weight based relative growth rate. The total frond area based relative growth rate was found to be the most sensitive endpoint, with an EC50 of 1.15±0.09 mg/L for S. polyrhiza, 0.84±0.12 mg/L for L. minor and 0.64±0.05 mg/L for W. arrhiza. Both the particles and the copper ions contributed to the inhibiting effects of copper nanoparticle suspensions at all endpoints studied. Dose-response related inhibiting effects caused by the copper ions were found at all endpoints studied, whereas the particles only showed dose-response related inhibiting effects on the total frond area based relative growth rate. This suggests that different physiological processes are involved in case of exposure to particles and copper ions. W. arrhiza was found to be the most sensitive species tested and S. polyrhiza was the least sensitive species tested, when the inhibiting effect was evaluated based on the relative growth rate calculated from total frond area. These findings exemplify the importance of identifying the suitable endpoints of toxicity assessment and considering the intrinsic differences between species when evaluating the toxicological profile of metallic nanoparticles across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Song
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mudalige TK, Qu H, Sánchez-Pomales G, Sisco PN, Linder SW. Simple Functionalization Strategies for Enhancing Nanoparticle Separation and Recovery with Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1764-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503683n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thilak K. Mudalige
- Office
of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas
Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Haiou Qu
- Office
of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas
Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Germarie Sánchez-Pomales
- Office
of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas
Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Patrick N. Sisco
- Office
of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas
Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Sean W. Linder
- Office
of Regulatory Affairs, Arkansas
Regional Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Meng F, Duan Y. Nitrogen Microplasma Generated in Chip-Based Ingroove Glow Discharge Device for Detection of Organic Fragments by Optical Emission Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1882-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504035q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanying Meng
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Analytical &Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Analytical &Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research
Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource
and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cascio C, Gilliland D, Rossi F, Calzolai L, Contado C. Critical experimental evaluation of key methods to detect, size and quantify nanoparticulate silver. Anal Chem 2014; 86:12143-51. [PMID: 25393334 DOI: 10.1021/ac503307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Different analytical techniques, sedimentation flow field fractionation (SdFFF), asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation (AF4), centrifugal liquid sedimentation (CLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) have been used to give complementary size information about suspensions of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the size range of 20-100 nm by taking advantage of the different physical principles on which are based. Particle morphology was controlled by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). Both SdFFF and AF4 were able to accurately size all AgNPs; among sedimentation based techniques, CLS underestimated the average sizes of larger samples (70 and 100 nm), but it produced the best separation of bimodal mixtures Ag40/60 and Ag40/70 mix compared to SdFFF. On the contrary, DLS overestimated the average sizes of the smallest samples (20 and 30 nm) and it was unable to deal with bimodal mixtures. Quantitative mass and number particle size distributions were also calculated starting from UV-vis signals and ICP-MS data and the results evaluated as a means to address the issue of determining nanoparticle size distributions as required for implementation of European regulations relating to labeling of nanomaterials in consumer products. The results are discussed in light of possible particle aggregation state, analysis repeatability, size resolution and quantitative recoveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cascio
- Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Joint Research Centre, European Commission , Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dwivedi S, Wahab R, Khan F, Mishra YK, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA. Reactive oxygen species mediated bacterial biofilm inhibition via zinc oxide nanoparticles and their statistical determination. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111289. [PMID: 25402188 PMCID: PMC4234364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilm is a major challenge in clinical applications. The main aim of this study is to describe the synthesis, characterization and biocidal potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) against bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These nanoparticles were synthesized via soft chemical solution process in a very short time and their structural properties have been investigated in detail by using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements. In this work, the potential of synthesized ZnO-NPs (∼10–15 nm) has been assessed in-vitro inhibition of bacteria and the formation of their biofilms was observed using the tissue culture plate assays. The crystal violet staining on biofilm formation and its optical density revealed the effect on biofilm inhibition. The NPs at a concentration of 100 µg/mL significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria and biofilm formation. The biofilm inhibition by ZnO-NPs was also confirmed via bio-transmission electron microscopy (Bio-TEM). The Bio-TEM analysis of ZnO-NPs treated bacteria confirmed the deformation and damage of cells. The bacterial growth in presence of NPs concluded the bactericidal ability of NPs in a concentration dependent manner. It has been speculated that the antibacterial activity of NPs as a surface coating material, could be a feasible approach for controlling the pathogens. Additionally, the obtained bacterial solution data is also in agreement with the results from statistical analytical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Dwivedi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Wahab
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Farheen Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Yogendra K. Mishra
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Javed Musarrat
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Characterization and quantification of silver nanoparticles in nutraceuticals and beverages by asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1371:227-36. [PMID: 25456601 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (AF4-ICP-MS) for separation, characterization and quantification of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in complex nutraceutical and beverage samples. For improved determination, different analysis conditions were proposed depending on the NP size, i.e. below 20 nm and in the 20-60 nm range. After optimization of the different experimental parameters affecting the AF4 separation process and the analyte detection, the proposed methods showed a wide dynamic linear range (i.e., in the 10-1000 μg L(-1)) and limits of detection below 28 ng L(-1). A previous probe ultrasonication for 90 s (corresponding to 45 pulses of 2 s) of the tested samples resulted in complete AgNPs disaggregation. As a result, a fast accurate determination was achieved (complete analysis was done in ca. 37 min). The practicality of the proposed methodology for the intended determination was demonstrated by successful determination of the AgNPs present in a variety of nutraceuticals and a beverage at concentration levels in the 0.7-29.5×10(3) μg L(-1) range. A good agreement was observed among these concentration data and those determined by more conventional sample preparation techniques, such as ultracentrifugation and acid digestion. Also, the estimated NP sizes using AF4 compared satisfactorily with those determined by image techniques, i.e. transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All together demonstrated the utility of this novel analytical methodology for the analysis of AgNPs of different size in complex matrices.
Collapse
|
50
|
Role of Nanostructures for Anti-proliferation of Bacteria and Their Quantitative Study Validated by Statistical Analysis. J Pharm Innov 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-014-9193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|