1
|
Zhang J, Chen Y, Ni M, Hou C, Qiao X, Wang T. A novel halloysite nanotubes-based hybrid monolith for in-tube solid-phase microextraction of polar cationic pesticides. Food Chem 2024; 458:140205. [PMID: 38943962 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The accurate determination of polar cationic pesticides in food poses a challenge due to their high polarity and trace levels in complex matrices. This study hypothesized that the use of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) can significantly enhance the extraction efficiency and sensitivity of these analytes because of their rich hydroxyl groups and cation exchange sites. Therefore, we chemically incorporated HNTs with organic polymer monoliths for in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME). This novel hybrid monolith extended service life, improved adsorption capacity, and exhibited excellent extraction performance for polar cationic pesticides. Based on these advancements, a robust and sensitive in-tube SPME-HILIC-MS/MS method was constructed to determine trace levels of polar cationic pesticides in complex food matrices. The method achieved limits of detection of 1.9, 2.1, and 0.1 μg/kg for maleic hydrazide, amitrole, and cyromazine, respectively. The spiked recoveries in five food samples ranged from 80.2 to 100.8%, with relative standard deviations below 10.7%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Ningbo Customs Technology Center, Ningbo 315040, PR China.
| | - Meilin Ni
- Ningbo Customs Technology Center, Ningbo 315040, PR China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu S, Peng X. Synthesis of Magnetic Attapulgite Nanoparticles Via a Novel Surface Covalent Reaction Method and its Application in the Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction. J Chromatogr Sci 2024; 62:696-703. [PMID: 38702843 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the attapulgite nanoparticle was immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanoparticle Fe3O4 via a novel surface covalent reaction method for the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) for the first time. The surface covalent reaction method has the advantages of controllable steps, and can make the magnetic attapulgite nanoparticle (MANP) have good homogeneity and high stability. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer, Nitrogen adsorption BET, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied to characterize the prepared MANP, confirming that the attapulgite nanoparticle could be effectively immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanoparticle Fe3O4 via covalent reactions. Under optimal conditions of the MSPE experiment based on the MANP, the limits of detection were found to be 10 ng/mL for melamine and 3 ng/mL for cyromazine with a relative standard deviation < 10% by a high-performance liquid chromatography system. Meanwhile, 0.1 mg/mL melamine in milk and 0.1 mg/mL cyromazine in cucumber can also be detected according to our MSPE procedure. More importantly, the MANP still has good magnetism and enrichment efficiency after several decades of use. These results showed that the MANP prepared by our method is a kind of promising material for the MSPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Xuefu Road No. 576, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Xuejuan Peng
- Yuanzhou District People's Court, Yijang Road, Yichun 336000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vaseghi Baba F, Esfandiari Z, Akbari-Adergani B, Rashidi Nodeh H, Khodadadi M. Vortex-assisted microextraction of melamine from milk samples using green short chain ionic liquid solvents coupled with high performance liquid chromatography determination. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123902. [PMID: 37804570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Melamine is added illegally to milk and dairy products to increase the amount of apparent protein. This organic nitrogen rich chemical compound has been of great challenge in food safety based on its adverse effect on health. Therefore, the extraction and determination of melamine from milk is necessary. Recently, ionic liquid (ILs) as solvent usage has been noticeable for low melting point, low toxicity, high thermal stability, and high extraction capabilities in a wide range of separation processes. ILs are introduced as organic-inorganic salts and green solvents in microextraction preparation. Therefore, in this study, three ionic liquids ([C6mim][NTF2], [C4mim][NTF2] and [C2mim][NTF2] ILs) were prepared and employed as an extraction solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) of melamine from milk samples followed by HPLC-UV. The selected ILs were designed using three types of alkyl-imidazolium (as the short organic cations) and bis (tri fluoro methyl sulfonyl) imide as anion and characterized by ATR-FTIR spectra, carbon, and hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (H&C-NMR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). These techniques confirmed the formation of functional groups, the structure of hydrogen and carbon atoms, and various elements of ionic bond between imidazolium and bis (tri fluoro methyl sulfonyl) imide. In the next step, the effect of significant parameters, including type and volume of ILs, adsorption time, pH of the sample solution, and sample volume, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), and linearity range were obtained 63.64 µg kg-1, 210.03 µg kg-1, and 210.03-1000 µg kg-1, respectively, for as prepared [C6mim][NTF2] as the best ILs. Notably, the achieved LOQ was lower than the maximum residue level (MRL) for the melamine residue in dairy products. Eventually, the proposed method was applied to detect melamine in milk samples, and the relative recoveries were examined as 79.6-105.0 %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Vaseghi Baba
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Esfandiari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Akbari-Adergani
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashidi Nodeh
- Food Science and Agricultural Research Center, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Khodadadi
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746 73461, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sereshti H, Mohammadi Z, Soltani S, Taghizadeh M. Synthesis of a magnetic micro-eutectogel based on a deep eutectic solvent gel immobilized in calcium alginate: Application for green analysis of melamine in milk and dairy products. Talanta 2023; 265:124801. [PMID: 37385193 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
A new three-component magnetic eutectogel composed of a crosslinked copolymeric deep eutectic solvent (DES) and polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated Fe3O4 nano-powder impregnated in calcium alginate gel was synthesized and applied as a sorbent material in a green alternative micro solid-phase extraction of melamine in milk and dairy products. The analyses were performed using the HPLC-UV technique. The copolymeric DES was prepared through thermally-induced free-radical polymerization of [2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate]:[thymol] DES (1:1 mol ratio) as functional monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile (as initiator), and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (as crosslinker). The sorbent was characterized using ATR-FTIR, 1H & 13C FT-NMR, SEM, VSM, and BET techniques. The stability of the eutectogel in water and its effect on the pH of the aqueous solution was studied. A one-at-a-time approach was applied to optimize the impact of significant factors influencing sample preparation efficiency (sorbent mass, desorption conditions, adsorption time, pH, and ionic strength). The method validation was performed by evaluating matrix-matched calibration linearity (2-300 μg kg-1, r2 = 0.9902), precision, system suitability, specificity, enrichment factor, and matrix effect. The obtained limit of quantification (0.38 μg kg-1) was lower than the established maximum level for melamine by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (0.25 mg kg-1), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (0.5 & 2.5 mg kg-1), and The European Union (EU) (2.5 mg kg-1) in milk and dairy products. The optimized procedure was applied for the analysis of melamine in bovine milk, yogurt, cream, cheese, and ice cream. The obtained normalized recoveries of 77.4-105.3% (RSD% <7.0%) were acceptable regarding the practical default range set by the European Commission (70-120%, RSD≤20%). The sustainability and green aspects of the procedure were evaluated by the Analytical Greenness Metric Approach (0.6/1.0) and the Analytical Eco-Scale tool (73/100). This paper presents the first-time synthesis and application of this micro-eutectogel for the analysis of melamine in milk and milk-based dairy products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soltani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Taghizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan X, Ding J, Shi W, Tang L, Zhang Y, Xu W. Synthesis of Castor Oil-Based Quaternary Ammonium Salt and Modification of Attapulgite for Treating Industrial Wastewaters. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093468. [PMID: 37176350 PMCID: PMC10180249 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop multifunctional quaternary ammonium salts and explore their advantages as modifiers for wastewater treatment, castor oil-based quaternary ammonium salts were synthesised and subsequently used as modifiers for attapulgite treatment. The structures of untreated and treated attapulgite were compared by Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction. The mechanism of modification was speculated. Various factors such as the amount of modified attapulgite, temperature and pH were also investigated in the batch experiments on the removal rates of acetone and phenol from wastewaters. The synthesis conditions were set as follows: the reaction temperature was 80 °C, the reaction time was 8 h, the molar ratio of castor oil to N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine was 1:5, the catalyst was 6% NaOH and the product yield was about 64.72%. The grafting rate of the castor oil-based quaternary ammonium salt was about 99.6% when the amount of modifier was 0.69 g per 5 g of attapulgite, the ultrasound treatment time was 11 min and the pH was 5. The quaternary ammonium salt was only associated with the surface of attapulgite and did not change the rod-like crystal structure of the silicate. The modified attapulgite is much more fibrous and exhibits a good distribution of crystal bundles. The removal rates were found to be less favourable under strongly acidic and strongly alkaline conditions. Under suitable conditions, for 50 mL industrial wastewaters (phenol: 100-160 mg/L; acetone: 680-800 mg/L), the amount of modified attapulgite was 1 g, the temperature was 80 °C and the pH was 7, and the maximum removal rates of acetone and phenol after 80 min reached about 65.71% and 78.72%, respectively, which were higher than those of ATP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Jianfei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wenyan Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Lanqin Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Yidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Solid-phase microextraction with MIL-53(Al)-polymer monolithic column coupled to pressurized capillary electrochromatography for determination of chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid in sugarcane samples. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:925-933. [PMID: 36811757 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a polymer monolithic column based on poly (Butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (poly (BMA-co-EDGMA)) doped with MIL-53(Al) metal-organic framework (MOF) was prepared using an in situ polymerization method. The characteristics of MIL-53(Al)-polymer monolithic column were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption experiment. Due to its large surface area, the prepared MIL-53(Al)-polymer monolithic column has good permeability and high extraction efficiency. Using MIL-53(Al)-polymer monolithic column for solid-phase microextraction (SPME), coupled to pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC), a method for the determination of trace chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid in sugarcane was established. Under optimized conditions, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid have a good linear relationship (r ≥ 0.9965) within the concentration range of 50.0-500 µg/mL, the detection limit is 0.017 µg/mL, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than 3.2%. The spike recoveries of chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid were 96.5% and 96.7%, respectively. The results indicate that the method is sensitive, practical, and convenient. It has been successfully applied to the separation and detection of trace organic phenolic compounds in sugarcane samples.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hybrid silica material as a mixed-mode sorbent for solid-phase extraction of hydrophobic and hydrophilic illegal additives from food samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1672:463049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
8
|
Liao X, Chen Y, Lei M, Hou C, Li X, Wang T. Hydrophilic-interaction-based magnetically assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction of carbadox and olaquindox in feeds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2080-2089. [PMID: 34599509 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbadox and olaquindox have been banned from feeds since 1998 by the EU because of their mutagenic, photoallergic, and carcinogenic effects. Unfortunately, owing to their outstanding effect, they are frequently abused or misused in animal husbandry. There is an urgent need to develop a sensitive and reliable method for monitoring these drugs in animal feeds. RESULTS This work reported a new method of hydrophilic-interaction-based magnetically assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (MMSPD) extraction coupled with reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of carbadox and olaquindox in animal feeds. 3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (γ-MAPS)-modified attapulgite (ATP) was crosslinked with γ-MAPS-modified iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3 O4 ), 1-vinyl-3-(butyl-4-sulfonate) imidazolium (VBSIm), acrylamide (AM), and N,N'-methylene-bis(acrylamide) (MBA) to synthesize ATP@Fe3 O4 @poly(VBSIm-AM-MBA) particles. The resultant particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crosslinking of ATP into the magnetic particles has significantly increased the adsorption capacity of the particles. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection (S/N = 3) were 0.3 μg kg-1 and 0.9 μg kg-1 for carbadox and olaquindox respectively. The intra-day and inter-day recoveries of the spiked targets in feed samples were in the range 83.5-98.3% with relative standard deviations of 1.0-8.3%. CONCLUSION With a simplified procedure and a low amount of sample, the proposed hydrophilic-interaction-based MMSPD method is not only useful for the determination of carbadox and olaquindox in feeds but also holds great promise for the analysis of other polar targets in solid or semisolid matrices. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xibin Liao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Ningbo, China
| | - Meikang Lei
- Comprehensive Technology and Service Center of Quzhou Customs, Quzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Xie Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Derikvand A, Ghiasvand A, Dalvand K, Haddad PR. Fabrication and evaluation of a portable low-pressure headspace solid-phase microextraction device for on-site analysis. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Wang J, Ni B, Li W, Sun J, Tao Y, Chen L. Hydroxyapatite surface-functionalized monolithic column for selective in-tube solid phase microextraction of zoleronic acid and risedronic acid. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1653:462438. [PMID: 34333172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To date, hydroxyapatite (HAP) based monoliths were mainly fabricated by directly doping of HAP, which suffered from less effective coverage of HAP. Herein, a HAP surface-functionalized monolithic column (HAP@PDA@UF) has been prepared by in-situ biomineralization and applied as sorbent for selective in-tube solid phase microextraction of zoleronic acid and risedronic acid. A polydopamine coating was first generated on the surface of the parent urea-formaldehyde resin monolith; and then HAP microcrystals were further grew on the polydopamine coating to achieve this preparation. SEM, EDAX, FTIR, XPS and mercury intrusion method were utilized for the characterization of the HAP@PDA@UF monolith, and provided evidences of this successful preparation. The selective extraction mechanism of the HAP@PDA@UF monolith was investigated by the optimization of methanol percentage in the sampling solution, phosphate concentration in the eluent. Other crucial factors, including sampling and elution flow rate, and collection time span, were also optimized for the desired SPME performance. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method showed low LODs of 0.1 μg/mL, satisfactory recoveries of 79.6%-92.5% with RSDs less than 2.7%, and good reproducibility with RSD less than 6.9%, which demonstrated the excellent application of the HAP@PDA@UF monolith, and its potential as a promising selective sorbent for bisphosphonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bichen Ni
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbang Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saini SS, Fagan SB, Tonel MZ. A novel and green extraction strategy for sensitive determination of phthalates in aqueous samples: Analytical and computational studies. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Schiff base network-1 incorporated monolithic column for in-tube solid phase microextraction of antiepileptic drugs in human plasma. Talanta 2021; 226:122098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Polyethyleneimine-functionalized Fe 3O 4/attapulgite particles for hydrophilic interaction-based magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction of fluoroquinolones in chicken muscle. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3529-3540. [PMID: 33813591 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone (FQ) residues in foods of animal origin may threaten public health but are challenging to determine because of their low contents and complex matrices. In this study, novel polyethyleneimine-functionalized Fe3O4/attapulgite magnetic particles were prepared by a simple co-mixing method and applied as hydrophilic sorbents for the magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of three FQs, i.e., ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and enrofloxacin, from chicken muscle samples. The preparation of the magnetic particles was of high reproducibility and the products could be reused many times with high adsorption capacity. The key experimental factors possibly influencing the extraction efficiencies, including sample solution, extraction time, sample loading volume, desorption solution, desorption time, and elution volume were investigated. Under optimum MSPE conditions, the analytes in chicken muscle samples were extracted and then determined by RPLC-MS/MS in MRM mode. Good linearity was obtained for the analytes with correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9975 to 0.9995. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.02-0.08 μg kg-1, and the recoveries of the spiked FQs in chicken muscle samples ranged from 83.9 to 98.7% with relative standard deviations of 1.3-6.8% (n = 3). Compared with the traditional MSPE methods based on hydrophobic mechanism, this hydrophilic interaction-based method significantly simplifies the sample pretreatment procedure and improves repeatability. This method is promising for accurate monitoring of FQs in foods of animal origin.
Collapse
|
14
|
Novel synthesized attapulgite nanoparticles-based hydrophobic monolithic column for in-tube solid-phase microextraction of thiosildenafil, pseudovardenafil, and norneosildenafil in functional foods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1871-1882. [PMID: 33469710 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel method which involved in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using an attapulgite (ATP) nanoparticles-based hydrophobic monolithic column was successfully developed. It was coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the determination of three phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors, including thiosildenafil, pseudovardenafil, and norneosildenafil, in functional foods. The monolithic column was prepared by one-step polymerization, using 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate-modified ATP nanoparticles and 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide (VBIMBr) as the functional monomers, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as the cross-linker. The obtained poly(ATP-VBIMBr-EDMA) monolith was characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive analysis of X-ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption capacity, up to 2.00 μg/cm calculated by the Langmuir isotherm model, was about six times that of the poly(VBIMBr-EDMA) monolith. Crucial factors affecting the extraction efficiency, including sample solvent, elution solvent, flow rates of sampling loading and elution, sample loading volume, and elution volume, were investigated in details. Under the optimal in-tube SPME conditions, the proposed method showed good reproducibility with run-to-run, column-to-column, and batch-to-batch relative standard deviations less than 7.2%, and low limits of detection of 0.5-0.9 ng/mL in real samples. Thiosildenafil was detected in four types of functional foods with the contents of 1.30-4.78 μg/g. This newly proposed in-tube SPME method based on poly(ATP-VBIMBr-EDMA) monolith may provide a simple, efficient, and promising alternative to daily monitoring of PDE-5 inhibitors in functional foods.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kataoka H. In-tube solid-phase microextraction: Current trends and future perspectives. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461787. [PMID: 33359971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) was developed about 24 years ago as an effective sample preparation technique using an open tubular capillary column as an extraction device. IT-SPME is useful for micro-concentration, automated sample cleanup, and rapid online analysis, and can be used to determine the analytes in complex matrices simple sample processing methods such as direct sample injection or filtration. IT-SPME is usually performed in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography using an online column switching technology, in which the entire process from sample preparation to separation to data analysis is automated using the autosampler. Furthermore, IT-SPME minimizes the use of harmful organic solvents and is simple and labor-saving, making it a sustainable and environmentally friendly green analytical technique. Various operating systems and new sorbent materials have been developed to improve its extraction efficiency by, for example, enhancing its sorption capacity and selectivity. In addition, IT-SPME methods have been widely applied in environmental analysis, food analysis and bioanalysis. This review describes the present state of IT-SPME technology and summarizes its current trends and future perspectives, including method development and strategies to improve extraction efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kataoka
- School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, Nishigawara, Okayama 703-8516, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qi FF, Ma TY, Fan YM, Chu LL, Liu Y, Yu Y. Nanoparticle-based polyacrylonitrile monolithic column for highly efficient micro solid-phase extraction of carotenoids and vitamins in human serum. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1635:461755. [PMID: 33278673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a biocompatible monolithic column based micro-solid-phase extraction (µ-SPE) method was developed for biological fluid analysis. A novel nanoparticle-based polyacrylonitrile monolithic column (C30 NP-PMC) was fabricated by incorporating triacontyl (C30) modified silica nanoparticles (NPs) into the polyacrylonitrile monolithic matrix through thermally induced phase separation. With efficient mass transfer and sorption capacity, C30 NP-PMC exhibited outstanding performance for the extraction of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) from human serum samples, superior to commercial C18 cartridges as well as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. Under optimal conditions, the proposed µ-SPE method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) achieved satisfactory limits of detection (LODs) (1.5-75.0 ng/mL) and good recoveries (85.0-106.5 %) with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 12.1% by consuming lower sorbent (35.0 mg) and organic solvent (0.8 mL). Successful application of the developed method demonstrated the great potential of such monolithic sorbents for efficient isolation and preconcentration of trace analytes from blood samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Qi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Tian-You Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Meng Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lan-Ling Chu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, P.R. China; Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710061, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fused-silica capillary internally modified with nanostructured octadecyl silica for dynamic in-tube solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous media. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
18
|
Cao J, Wang M, Han D, Qiao F, Yan H. Attapulgite/hydrophilic molecularly imprinted monolithic resin composite for the selective recognition and sensitive determination of plant growth regulators in cucumbers. Food Chem 2019; 297:124974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.124974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
19
|
Xia L, Li Y, Liu Y, Li G, Xiao X. Recent advances in sample preparation techniques in China. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:189-201. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xia
- School of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- School of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yulan Liu
- School of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- School of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Manzo V, Goya-Pacheco J, Arismendi D, Becerra-Herrera M, Castillo-Aguirre A, Castillo-Felices R, Rosero-Moreano M, Carasek E, Richter P. Cork sheet as a sorptive phase to extract hormones from water by rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE). Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1087:1-10. [PMID: 31585556 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work reports for the first time the use of laminar cork as a sorptive phase in a microextraction technique, rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE). Typical hormones (estrone, estradiol, estriol and ethinyl estradiol) were selected as analyte models and extracted from wastewater samples on laminar cork with statistically equivalent extraction efficiency to that provided by Oasis HLB. The cork characterization was performed by confocal fluorescence microscopy (CLSM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), allowing the identification of lignin, suberin and polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) as the main components of the cork. The best conditions for extraction were as follows: rotation velocity of the disk, 2000 rpm; extraction time, 45 min; and sample volume, 20 mL. The analytical features of the developed method show that calibration curves for all analytes have R2 values higher than 0.99. The absolute recoveries were higher than 63%, and the precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, ranged from 2 to 16%. The LOD and LOQ ranges were 3-19 and 10-62 ng L-1, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of wastewater, and the concentrations of hormones in a wastewater treatment plant in Santiago, Chile, ranged from <LOQ to 48 ng L-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Manzo
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jairón Goya-Pacheco
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Arismendi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mercedes Becerra-Herrera
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alver Castillo-Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Colombia, Headquarters Bogotá, Road 30 N°. 45-03, Colombia
| | - Rosario Castillo-Felices
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, P.O. Box 237, 4070043, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Milton Rosero-Moreano
- Research Group in Chromatography and Related Techniques (GICTA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Caldas, Calle 65 Nº. 26-10, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Carasek
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catalina, Florianópolis, 88040900, SC, Brazil
| | - Pablo Richter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 233, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang J, Li W, Xiao J, Ni B, Li J, Wu J, Zhang Q. Hydroxyapatite-embedded monolithic column for selective on-line solid-phase extraction of adenosine triphosphate and its phosphorylated metabolites. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1128:121769. [PMID: 31476577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel hydroxyapatite-embedded monolithic column has been facilely prepared in a stainless-steel column with inner diameter of 2.1 mm by the strong adhesion of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and exploited as a sorbent for selective on-line solid-phase extraction (on-line SPE) of adenosine triphosphate and its phosphorylated metabolites. The composition for this preparation, including the amount of hydroxyapatite nanopowders and the porogen were investigated to obtain a suitable monolith with large surface area and satisfactory permeability. Owing to anion exchange interaction of hydroxyapatite and hydrophilic interaction of UF monolithic matrix, the prepared monolith showed good extraction efficiency and selectivity towards these phosphorylated analytes. Several parameters for on-line SPE, including ACN percentage in the sampling solution, collection time span, salt concentration of the eluent, sampling and elution flow rate, were optimized with respect to the extraction efficiencies of the target compounds. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs of the analytes were in the range of 0.01-0.04 μg/g, the recoveries in the spiked samples ranged from 78.3%-92.5% with RSDs <4.7%. Due to the excellent extraction ability towards phosphorylated compounds in practical samples, a simple on-line SPE-HPLC method using hydroxyapatite-embedded monolith as sorbent has been proposed for monitoring freshness of grass carp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wenbang Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bichen Ni
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiulin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gholami H, Arabi M, Ghaedi M, Ostovan A, Bagheri AR. Column packing elimination in matrix solid phase dispersion by using water compatible magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for recognition of melamine from milk samples. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1594:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Poly (Octadecyl Methacrylate-Co-Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate) Monolithic Column for Hydrophobic in-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction of Chlorophenoxy Acid Herbicides. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091678. [PMID: 31036796 PMCID: PMC6540311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophenoxy acid herbicides (CAHs), which are widely used on cereal crops, have become an important pollution source in grains. In this work, a highly hydrophobic poly (octadecyl methacrylate-co-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate) [poly (OMA-co-TRIM)] monolithic column has been specially prepared for hydrophobic in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of CAHs in rice grains. Due to the hydrophobicity of CAHs in acid conditions, trace CAHs could be efficiently extracted by the prepared monolith with strong hydrophobic interaction. Several factors for online hydrophobic in-tube SPME, including the length of the monolithic column, ACN and trifluoroacetic acid percentage in the sampling solution, elution volume, and elution flow rate, were investigated with respect to the extraction efficiencies of CAHs. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection of the four CAHs fell in the range of 0.9–2.1 μg/kg. The calibration curves provided a wide linear range of 5–600 μg/kg and showed good linearity. The recoveries of this method ranged from 87.3% to 111.6%, with relative standard deviations less than 7.3%. Using this novel, highly hydrophobic poly (OMA-co-TRIM) monolith as sorbent, a simple and sensitive online in-tube SPME-HPLC method was proposed for analysis of CAHs residue in practical samples of rice grains.
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang T, Chen D, Lubeckyj RA, Shen X, Yang Z, McCool EN, Qiao X, Sun L. Capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry for top-down proteomics using attapulgite nanoparticles functionalized separation capillaries. Talanta 2019; 202:165-170. [PMID: 31171165 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Attapulgite nanoparticles have good chemical properties and can be modified easily for broad applications. In this work, for the first time, attapulgite nanoparticles were employed to modify the inner wall of separation capillaries for capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry (CZE-MS/MS)-based top-down proteomics. The attapulgite nanoparticles and the inner wall of a fused silica capillary were first functionalized with γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane. Then the modified nanoparticles and acrylamide were copolymerized in the fused silica capillary with the assistance of azobisisobutyronitrile and heat. The incorporation of high-surface-area nanoparticles in the linear polyacrylamide (LPA) coating resulted in significantly lower electroosmotic mobility compared with the typical LPA coating (3.48 × 10-5 vs. 9.03 × 10-5 cm2 V-1 S-1), most likely because more LPA molecules were immobilized on the inner wall of the separation capillary. The attapulgite nanoparticles functionalized separation capillaries have shown great stability and reproducibility across 43 discontinuous CZE-MS runs of a standard protein mixture. We applied the CZE-MS/MS system for top-down proteomics of Escherichia coli cells. In a proof-of-principle experiment, the CZE-MS/MS system achieved a 90-min separation window and a 1-μL sample loading volume, leading to nearly 300 proteoform and 135 protein identifications in a single run. Many post-translational modifications (PTMs) were identified, including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, biotinylation, succinylation, and disulfide bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China; Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Daoyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Rachele A Lubeckyj
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xiaojing Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Zhichang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Elijah N McCool
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maya F, Paull B. Recent strategies to enhance the performance of polymer monoliths for analytical separations. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1564-1576. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences‐ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences‐ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kaleem A, Azmat M, Sharma A, Shen G, Ding X. Melamine detection in liquid milk based on selective porous polymer monolith mediated with gold nanospheres by using surface enhanced Raman scattering. Food Chem 2019; 277:624-631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
Wu F, Yang S, Wang L, Wei W, Ding CF. Simultaneous enrichment and analysis of tobacco alkaloids by microextraction coupled with mass spectrometry using a poly (N-isopropyl-acrylamide-co-divinyl-benzene-co-N, N'-methylene diacrylamide) monolithic column. Talanta 2019; 198:118-127. [PMID: 30876539 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we realized the simultaneous online detection of six tobacco alkaloids (TAs) by in-tube solid-phase microextraction (In-tube SPME) coupled with mass spectrometry by a rapid, sensitive, and matrix effect-free method requiring no chromatographic separation and only minimal sample pre-treatment. A poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-divinylbenzene-co-N, N'-methylenediacrylamide) [Poly (NIPAAm-co-DVB-co-MBAA)] monolithic column was designed according to the chemical structures of selected TAs and used as an extraction medium engaging in hydrophobic, π-π, and hydrogen bonding interactions with analytes, allowing them to be effectively extracted. A number of important parameters were systematically optimized to achieve maximal extraction efficiency. The ion intensity of the TAs signals obtained by in-tube SPME-MS were higher than the direct MS mode by about 400 folds with the signal-to-noise ratio improved by 2-7 folds. The detection limits of the six TAs were determined as 1.99-4.06 ng g-1, with good linearity with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 obtained under optimal extraction conditions. Besides, TA recoveries in cigarette tobacco spiked at three concentration levels were in the range of 76.4-100.2%, and the corresponding RSDs (n = 5) were obtained as 4.32-7.16%. The extraction performance of the poly (NIPAAm-co-DVB-co-MBAA) monolithic column was well reproducible, with intra- or inter-day precision RSDs determined not to exceed 7.38%. Finally, no marked matrix effects were observed when the developed method was applied to the analysis of both high-abundance and trace-level TAs in practical samples, and the above technique was therefore concluded to be well suited for the detection of TAs in cigarette tobacco or other products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Wu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shutong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wanghui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zou MF, Chen XY, Lin XJ, Chen MY, Ding NN, Yang LY, Ouyang XK. Fabrication of magnetic carboxyl-functionalized attapulgite/calcium alginate beads for lead ion removal from aqueous solutions. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:789-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
29
|
Silver nanoparticles-coated monolithic column for in-tube solid-phase microextraction of monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1585:19-26. [PMID: 30502921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Based on our developed sodium hyaluronate-functionalized urea-formaldehyde (HA-UF) monolith, a silver nanoparticles-coated monolithic column has been fabricated via the interaction between silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and HA. The successful coating of Ag NPs on the parent monolith was proven by SEM, EDAX, UV-vis spectrum and XPS. Nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size distributions of the parent and resultant monolith were also performed. Due to the Ag+-like affinity interaction caused by the contact of unsaturated compounds and Ag NPs, the Ag NPs-coated monolith showed satisfactory extraction efficiency towards these compounds, and was applied for in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (MUFAMEs). Several factors for in-tube SPME, such as ACN percentage in the sampling solution, elution volume, sampling and elution flow rate, were investigated with respect to the extraction efficiency of model MUFAMEs. Under the optimized SPME conditions, a simple in tube SPME-Ag+-HPLC method for detection of model MUFAMEs has been proposed, the limits of detection (LODs) were less than 5.2 μg/kg, and the recoveries of spiked French fry samples were ranged from 86.6% to 96.1% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 5.2%. This study provided an Ag NPs-coated monolith with good reproducibility and repeatable extraction performance, and developed an efficient method for in-tube SPME of MUFAMEs in practical food samples.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chai M, Chen Y, Xuan R, Ma J, Wang T, Qiu D, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Preparation of attapulgite nanoparticles-based hybrid monolithic column with covalent bond for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Talanta 2018; 189:397-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
31
|
Fresco-Cala B, Cárdenas S. Potential of nanoparticle-based hybrid monoliths as sorbents in microextraction techniques. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1031:15-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
32
|
Zhang L, Zhang G, Dai Z, Bian P, Zhong N, Zhang Y, Cai D, Wu Z. Promoting Potato Seed Sprouting Using an Amphiphilic Nanocomposite. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9657-9666. [PMID: 30157371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Most potato tubers were used as seeds and sprouted relatively slowly in soil, greatly influencing potato production. To solve this problem, an amphiphilic nanocomposite was fabricated by loading hydrophobic silica (H-SiO2) in hydrophilic attapulgite nest-like and used as a nano presprouting agent (NPA). This technology could conveniently adjust the occupation area ratio of water and air (OARWA) on the potato surface. NPA could endow potatoes with an appropriate OARWA and, thus, effectively accelerate sprouting. Additionally, NPA greatly decreased soil bulk density, facilitated earthworm growth, promoted potato growth, and increased the yield by 14.1%. Besides, NPA did not pass through the potato skin and mainly existed on the surface of potatoes. Importantly, NPA showed tiny influence on the viability of fish and nematodes, demonstrating good biosafety. Therefore, this work provides a promising presprouting approach for potatoes, which may have a potential application prospect in ensuring food supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhangyu Dai
- University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Naiqin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1 Beichen West Road , Beijing 100101 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Life Science , Anhui Medical University , 81 Meishan Road , Hefei , Anhui 230032 , People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Magnetic molecular imprinting polymers based on three-dimensional (3D) graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid composites for analysis of melamine in milk powder. Food Chem 2018; 255:226-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
34
|
Wang T, Chen Y, Ma J, Jin Z, Chai M, Xiao X, Zhang L, Zhang Y. A polyethyleneimine-modified attapulgite as a novel solid support in matrix solid-phase dispersion for the extraction of cadmium traces in seafood products. Talanta 2018; 180:254-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
35
|
Poly (methacrylic acid-co-diethenyl-benzene) monolithic microextraction column and its application to simultaneous enrichment and analysis of mycotoxins. Talanta 2018; 178:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
36
|
Dai F, Wen M, Wang J, Jiang W, Tian X, Dong Y, Zhao Y, Chen L. Preparation and properties of CA/ATP-g-CDs gel fibers for simultaneous detection and adsorption of methylene blue. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22577-22582. [PMID: 35539707 PMCID: PMC9081375 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To detect and adsorb methylene blue (MB) from wastewater simultaneously, a solid fluorescent and absorbent material was designed by immobilizing attapulgite (ATP) on calcium alginate (CA) and reacting with carbon dots (CDs) which were modified by the activation of γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560), then the CA/ATP-g-CDs gel fibers were prepared. The problem of CDs easily falling out of materials was solved. The structures of the gel fibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), specific surface area (BET) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal properties were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG). The adsorption capacity was measured and the effect of initial pH was investigated. The results showed that ATP was successfully reacted with CA and the adsorption capacity was enhanced with the increase of the pH value. CA/ATP-g-CDs gel fibers were favorable materials to detect and adsorb MB simultaneously, and MB could be adsorbed by gel fibers and also the fluorescence of CA/ATP-g-CDs was weakened. At low concentrations of MB (1 μg L−1), the removal efficiency could even be as high as 100%. To detect and adsorb methylene blue (MB) from wastewater simultaneously, a solid fluorescent and absorbent material was designed by immobilizing attapulgite (ATP) on calcium alginate (CA) and reacting with carbon dots (CDs), then the CA/ATP-g-CDs gel fibers were prepared.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Mengjuan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Jinna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Wenzhe Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Xuetao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Yao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Yiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Maya F, Palomino Cabello C, Ghani M, Turnes Palomino G, Cerdà V. Emerging materials for sample preparation. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:262-287. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Maya
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | | | - Milad Ghani
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
- Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
| | - Gemma Turnes Palomino
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Department of Chemistry; University of the Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sheng L, Jin Y, He Y, Huang Y, Yan L, Zhao R. Well-defined magnetic surface imprinted nanoparticles for selective enrichment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in real samples. Talanta 2017; 174:725-732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
39
|
Sodium hyaluronate-functionalized urea-formaldehyde monolithic column for hydrophilic in-tube solid-phase microextraction of melamine. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1515:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
40
|
Sun B, Wang C, Wang Q, Chen L, Dang X, Huang J, Chen H. Preparation of Acryloyl β-Cyclodextrin Organic Polymer Monolithic Column and Its Application in Solid-Phase Microextraction and HPLC Analysis for Carbofuran and Carbaryl in Rice. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
41
|
Tian Y, Feng J, Bu Y, Wang X, Luo C, Sun M. In-situ hydrothermal synthesis of titanium dioxide nanorods on titanium wire for solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4071-4078. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
42
|
Porous monoliths for on-line sample preparation: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:24-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
43
|
Wang J, Zhao Q, Jiang N, Li W, Chen L, Lin X, Xie Z, You L, Zhang Q. Urea-formaldehyde monolithic column for hydrophilic in-tube solid-phase microextraction of aminoglycosides. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1485:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
44
|
Qiao X, Zhang N, Han M, Li X, Qin X, Shen S. Periodic imidazolium-bridged hybrid monolith for high-efficiency capillary liquid chromatography with enhanced selectivity. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1024-1031. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis; Ministry of Education; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Niu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis; Ministry of Education; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Manman Han
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis; Ministry of Education; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Xueyun Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis; Ministry of Education; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Xinying Qin
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province; College of Chemistry & Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding China
| | - Shigang Shen
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Serra-Mora P, Moliner-Martínez Y, Molins-Legua C, Herráez-Hernández R, Verdú-Andrés J, Campíns-Falcó P. Trends in Online Intube Solid Phase Microextraction. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
46
|
Detection of trans-fatty acids by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with in-tube solid-phase microextraction using hydrophobic polymeric monolith. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1040:214-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Wang T, Ma J, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Analysis of melamine and analogs in complex matrices: Advances and trends. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:170-182. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering/School of safety engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; Ningbo China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Biological Chemistry; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Yihui Chen
- Xiangshan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau; Xiangshan China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering/School of safety engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; Ningbo China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Using activated attapulgite as sorbent for solid-phase extraction of melamine in milk formula samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6671-7. [PMID: 27430500 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple solid-phase extraction (SPE) approach by using activated attapulgite as sorbent was successfully developed for the determination of melamine in milk formula samples. Crucial factors impacting the extraction efficiency, including sample solvent, elution solvent, and sample loading volume, were investigated. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the sample loading volume was up to 200 mL and the adsorption capacity of the melamine gave rise to 1154 μg g(-1). Excellent linear calibration curves (r (2) > 0.999) were achieved, and then the limit of detection (S/N = 3) and the limit of quantification (S/N = 10) were found to be 0.15 and 0.5 ng mL(-1), respectively. The recoveries of the melamine spiked in four milk formula samples at three concentration levels ranged from 83.5 to 111.0 % with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 10.2 %. Furthermore, RSDs of batch to batch (n = 4) of the acidified attapulgite used in this developed method were in the range of 2.3∼7.3 %. In comparison to the commercial Oasis MCX, the acidified attapulgite sorbent even outperformed (at least in terms of reproducibility) for melamine analysis in real food samples. Because of its simplicity, the newly developed SPE method based on acidified attapulgite nanoparticles should provide a promising tool for daily monitoring of doped melamine in milk formula or other complex matrices.
Collapse
|