1
|
Xu Q, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Ding M. Polymersomes in Drug Delivery─From Experiment to Computational Modeling. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2114-2135. [PMID: 38011222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes, composed of amphiphilic block copolymers, are self-assembled vesicles that have gained attention as potential drug delivery systems due to their good biocompatibility, stability, and versatility. Various experimental techniques have been employed to characterize the self-assembly behaviors and properties of polymersomes. However, they have limitations in revealing molecular details and underlying mechanisms. Computational modeling techniques have emerged as powerful tools to complement experimental studies and enabled researchers to examine drug delivery mechanisms at molecular resolution. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of polymersome-based drug delivery systems, with an emphasis on insights gained from both experimental and computational studies. Specifically, we focus on polymersome morphologies, self-assembly kinetics, fusion and fission, behaviors in flow, as well as drug encapsulation and release mechanisms. Furthermore, we also identify existing challenges and limitations in this rapidly evolving field and suggest possible directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Zhu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zifen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sinsinbar G, Bindra AK, Liu S, Chia TW, Yoong Eng EC, Loo SY, Lam JH, Schultheis K, Nallani M. Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Nanostructures as a Tunable Delivery Platform: Perspective and Framework for the Future Drug Product Development. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:541-563. [PMID: 38240244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanoformulation of active payloads or pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has always been an area of interest to achieve targeted, sustained, and efficacious delivery. Various delivery platforms have been explored, but loading and delivery of APIs have been challenging because of the chemical and structural properties of these molecules. Polymersomes made from amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCPs) have shown enormous promise as a tunable API delivery platform and confer multifold advantages over lipid-based systems. For example, a COVID booster vaccine comprising polymersomes encapsulating spike protein (ACM-001) has recently completed a Phase I clinical trial and provides a case for developing safe drug products based on ABCP delivery platforms. However, several limitations need to be resolved before they can reach their full potential. In this Perspective, we would like to highlight such aspects requiring further development for translating an ABCP-based delivery platform from a proof of concept to a viable commercial product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sinsinbar
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Anivind Kaur Bindra
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Shaoqiong Liu
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Teck Wan Chia
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Eunice Chia Yoong Eng
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Ser Yue Loo
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Jian Hang Lam
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Katherine Schultheis
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| | - Madhavan Nallani
- ACM Biolabs Pte Ltd., 71 Nanyang Drive, #02M-02, NTU Innovation Center, Singapore 638075, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fonseca M, Jarak I, Victor F, Domingues C, Veiga F, Figueiras A. Polymersomes as the Next Attractive Generation of Drug Delivery Systems: Definition, Synthesis and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:319. [PMID: 38255485 PMCID: PMC10817611 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Polymersomes are artificial nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly process of amphiphilic block copolymers composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. They can encapsulate hydrophilic molecules in the aqueous core and hydrophobic molecules within the membrane. The composition of block copolymers can be tuned, enabling control of characteristics and properties of formed polymersomes and, thus, their application in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, or bioimaging. The preparation methods of polymersomes can also impact their characteristics and the preservation of the encapsulated drugs. Many methods have been described, including direct hydration, thin film hydration, electroporation, the pH-switch method, solvent shift method, single and double emulsion method, flash nanoprecipitation, and microfluidic synthesis. Considering polymersome structure and composition, there are several types of polymersomes including theranostic polymersomes, polymersomes decorated with targeting ligands for selective delivery, stimuli-responsive polymersomes, or porous polymersomes with multiple promising applications. Due to the shortcomings related to the stability, efficacy, and safety of some therapeutics in the human body, polymersomes as drug delivery systems have been good candidates to improve the quality of therapies against a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be improved by using polymersomes to deliver the drugs, protecting and directing them to the exact site of action. Moreover, this approach is also promising for targeted delivery of biologics since they represent a class of drugs with poor stability and high susceptibility to in vivo clearance. However, the lack of a well-defined regulatory plan for polymersome formulations has hampered their follow-up to clinical trials and subsequent market entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Fonseca
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francis Victor
- Department of Pharmacy, University Chenab Gujarat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Y, Cao S, Huo M, van Hest JCM, Che H. Recent advances in permeable polymersomes: fabrication, responsiveness, and applications. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7411-7437. [PMID: 37449076 PMCID: PMC10337762 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes are vesicular nanostructures enclosed by a bilayer-membrane self-assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers, which exhibit higher stability compared with their biological analogues (e.g. liposomes). Due to their versatility, polymersomes have found various applications in different research fields such as drug delivery, nanomedicine, biological nanoreactors, and artificial cells. However, polymersomes prepared with high molecular weight components typically display low permeability to molecules and ions. It hence remains a major challenge to balance the opposing features of robustness and permeability of polymersomes. In this review, we focus on the design and strategies for fabricating permeable polymersomes, including polymersomes with intrinsic permeability, the formation of nanopores in the membrane bilayers by protein insertion, and the construction of stimuli-responsive polymersomes. Then, we highlight the applications of permeable polymersomes in the fields of biomimetic nanoreactors, artificial cells and organelles, and nanomedicine, to underline the challenges in the development of polymersomes as soft matter with biomedical utilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineerin, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz 55128 Germany
| | - Meng Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Hailong Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineerin, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi J, Wang H, Wang Y, Peng Y, Huang X, Zhang Y, Geng H, Wang Y, Li X, Liu C, Liu C. Mitochondrion-targeting and in situ photocontrolled protein delivery via photocages. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112624. [PMID: 36521315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial proteostasis contribute to many disorders, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic and genetic diseases. A strategy aimed at restoring the damaged mitochondrial proteostasis is the mitochondrion-targeting and carrier-free delivery of exogenous functional proteins that can replace the endogenous dysfunctional proteins. The modification of a protein with a photolabile protecting group (PPG, i.e., photocage group) can be activated in situ by response to illumination, leading to release of the protein from its photocage. Here, the Cys and peptide photocages with coumarin were first prepared and characterized for proof of concept. Then, we designed a pair of photocage groups PPG-RhB and PPG-TPP using coumarin and mitochondrion-targeting Rhodamine B (RhB) and triphenylphosphine (TPP), and another pair of organelle-nontarget photocage groups Br-PPG and NO2-PPG for comparison. The proteins modified with these two pairs of photocage groups undergo photolysis in solutions, and can penetrate cell membrane toward their destinations in the carrier-free fashions. The intracellular protein photocages are in situ activated by illumination at 405 nm, and the proteins are released from their photocages in mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively. This strategy of light-responsive and carrier-free cellular delivery enables mitochondrial and cytoplasmic accumulation of exogenous proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yujie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hongen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China; College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Hu J, Liu S. Overcoming the Dilemma of Permeability and Stability of Polymersomes through Traceless Cross-Linking. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3404-3416. [PMID: 36351034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In nature, cells are highly compartmentalized into many organelles that are well separated from the rest of the cellular space by unique membrane structures, which are of crucial importance to allow cells to perform various physiological functions in such a small and crowded space. Learning from the ubiquitous membrane structures of cells and organelles has continuously inspired the development of artificial self-assembled nanostructures, with lipid vesicles (liposomes) and polymer vesicles (polymersomes) being the most representative examples. Similar to the membrane-bound structures of cells and organelles, both liposomes and polymersomes contain an aqueous interior enclosed by a bilayer membrane. Therefore, liposomes and polymersomes have been extensively investigated to mimic the fundamental structures and functions of living cells. For example, liposomes and polymersomes have been successfully engineered as nanocarriers, smart nanoreactors, artificial organelles, and so on. Notably, living cells can exchange both energy and materials with surrounding environments, benefiting from the selective permeability of lipid membranes. The permselectivity of cell membranes is thus an essential attribute of living organisms. Compared to liposomes, polymersomes have increased structural stability but low membrane permeability. Indeed, polymersomes are almost impermeable to small molecules, ions, and even water molecules. To improve the permeability of polymersomes, much effort has been devoted to the incorporation of channel proteins, the coassembly of oppositely charged block copolymers (BCPs), the development of stimuli-responsive BCPs, and so on. Despite great achievements, these approaches generally lead to decreased stability of polymersomes and, sometimes, polymersome disintegration. In this Account, we discuss our recent efforts to reconcile the stability and permeability of polymersomes via a traceless cross-linking approach. Although cross-linking reactions within bilayer membranes generally lead to decreased permeability, the traceless cross-linking approach can concurrently improve the stability and permeability of polymersomes. Specifically, stimuli-responsive polymersomes undergo either covalent cross-linking or noncovalent cross-linking reactions under specific stimuli to increase bilayer stability, while the cross-linking processes can concurrently permeabilize polymersome bilayers through cross-linking-driven hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic transitions. Notably, unlike conventional cross-linking processes requiring additional cross-linkers, the traceless cross-linking process does not involve extra cross-linking agents but takes full advantage of the in situ generated active moieties. By taking advantage of the simultaneous modulation of the stability and permeability of polymersomes via traceless cross-linking, these polymersomes can be further engineered as smart nanocarriers and nanoreactors. The robustness and generality of this approach have been validated by both extracellular and intracellular stimuli such as light irradiation, glutathione, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, many functional groups such as fluorescent dyes and contrast agents can be integrated into this versatile platform as well, enabling the construction of theranostic nanovectors capable of responding to pathological microenvironments. This Account provides a new approach to regulating the permeability of polymersomes while maintaining their structural stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fabrication of Polymersomes: A Macromolecular Architecture in Nanotherapeutics. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In consideration of the issues of drug delivery systems, the artificial vesicle structures composed of block copolymers called polymersomes recently gained considerable attention. The possibility of tuning the mechanical parameter and increasing the scale-up production of polymersomes led to its wide application in healthcare. Bearing in mind the disease condition, the structure and properties of the polymersomes could be tuned to serve the purpose. Furthermore, specific ligands can be incorporated on the vesicular surface to induce smart polymersomes, thus improving targeted delivery. The synthesis method and surface functionalization are the two key aspects that determine the versatility of biological applications as they account for stability, specific targeting, degradability, biocompatibility, and bioavailability. A perfectly aligned polymer vesicle can mimic the cells/organelles and function by avoiding cytotoxicity. This supramolecular structure can carry and deliver payloads of a wide range, including drugs, proteins, and genes, contributing to the construction of next-generation therapeutics. These aspects promote the potential use of such components as a framework to approach damaged tissue while maintaining healthy environments during circulation. Herein, this article concentrates specifically on the drug delivery applications of polymersomes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Baghbanbashi M, Yong HW, Zhang I, Lotocki V, Yuan Z, Pazuki G, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Stimuli-Responsive Miktoarm Polymer-Based Formulations for Fisetin Delivery and Regulatory Effects in Hyperactive Human Microglia. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200174. [PMID: 35817026 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Branched star polymers offer exciting opportunities in enhancing the efficacy of nanocarriers in delivering biologically active lipophilic agents. We demonstrate that the star polymeric architecture can be leveraged to yield soft nanoparticles of vesicular morphology with precisely located stimuli-sensitive chemical entities. Amphiphilic stars of AB2 (A = PEG, B = PCL) composition with/without oxidative stress or reduction responsive units at the core junction of A and B arms, are constructed using synthetic articulation. Fisetin, a natural flavonoid with remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but of limited clinical value due to its poor aqueous solubility, was physically encapsulated into miktoarm star-derived aqueous polymersomes. We evaluated polymersomes and fisetin separately, and in combination, in human microglia (HMC3), to show if (i) polymersomes are toxic; (ii) fisetin reduces the abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and (iii) fisetin modulates the activation of ERK1/2. These signaling molecules and pathways are implicated in inflammatory processes and cell survival. Fisetin, both incorporated and non-incorporated into polymersomes, reduced ROS and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-treated human microglia, normalizing excessive oxidative stress and ERK-mediated signaling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojhdeh Baghbanbashi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran
| | - Hui Wen Yong
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Issan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Zhuoer Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gholamreza Pazuki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hernández Becerra E, Quinchia J, Castro C, Orozco J. Light-Triggered Polymersome-Based Anticancer Therapeutics Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:836. [PMID: 35269324 PMCID: PMC8912464 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes are biomimetic cell membrane-like model structures that are self-assembled stepwise from amphiphilic copolymers. These polymeric (nano)carriers have gained the scientific community's attention due to their biocompatibility, versatility, and higher stability than liposomes. Their tunable properties, such as composition, size, shape, and surface functional groups, extend encapsulation possibilities to either hydrophilic or hydrophobic cargoes (or both) and their site-specific delivery. Besides, polymersomes can disassemble in response to different stimuli, including light, for controlling the "on-demand" release of cargo that may also respond to light as photosensitizers and plasmonic nanostructures. Thus, polymersomes can be spatiotemporally stimulated by light of a wide wavelength range, whose exogenous response may activate light-stimulable moieties, enhance the drug efficacy, decrease side effects, and, thus, be broadly employed in photoinduced therapy. This review describes current light-responsive polymersomes evaluated for anticancer therapy. It includes light-activable moieties' features and polymersomes' composition and release behavior, focusing on recent advances and applications in cancer therapy, current trends, and photosensitive polymersomes' perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hernández Becerra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jennifer Quinchia
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Cristina Castro
- Engineering School, Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bloque 11, Cq. 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050004, Colombia;
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Takebuchi H, Jin RH. Photoluminescent polymer micelles with thermo-/pH-/metal responsibility and their features in selective optical sensing of Pd(ii) cations. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5720-5731. [PMID: 35425587 PMCID: PMC8981652 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoluminescent polymers can be divided into two types of structures: one is the well-known conventional π-conjugated rigid chain polymers bearing π-conjugated chromophores in their side chains, and the other is the common flexible polymers without π-conjugated chromophores in their main or side chains but with a feature of clustering electron-rich and/or dipole groups in their main and/or side chains. In this work, we found a new photoluminescent polymer comprising theophylline (T) and imidazole (I) residues in a suitable ratio in the side chains on the common polystyrenic block (PVB-T/I). We synthesized a block copolymer (denoted as P2) consisting of hydrophobic PVB-T/I and hydrophilic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), and we investigated its self-assembly into micelles and their micellar features, such as thermo-responsibility, fluorescence emission, pH, and metal ion-dependent photoluminescence, in detail. Especially, the micelles self-assembled from P2 showed intrinsic blue emission which was emitted from the charge transfer association between T and I residues in the intra-chains. Weakening the association by adjustment of the pH or addition of metal ions could evidently reduce the photoluminescence in the micellar state. Very interestingly, among many metal cations, only Pd2+, which can chelate strongly with theophylline, strongly quenched the photoluminescence from the micelles. Therefore, the polymer micelles functioned as an optical sensor for Pd(ii) ion not only by spectroscopy but also with the naked eye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Takebuchi
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University 3-2-7 Rokkakubashi Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
| | - Ren-Hua Jin
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University 3-2-7 Rokkakubashi Yokohama 221-8686 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mena-Giraldo P, Orozco J. Polymeric Micro/Nanocarriers and Motors for Cargo Transport and Phototriggered Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3920. [PMID: 34833219 PMCID: PMC8621231 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart polymer-based micro/nanoassemblies have emerged as a promising alternative for transporting and delivering a myriad of cargo. Cargo encapsulation into (or linked to) polymeric micro/nanocarrier (PC) strategies may help to conserve cargo activity and functionality when interacting with its surroundings in its journey to the target. PCs for cargo phototriggering allow for excellent spatiotemporal control via irradiation as an external stimulus, thus regulating the delivery kinetics of cargo and potentially increasing its therapeutic effect. Micromotors based on PCs offer an accelerated cargo-medium interaction for biomedical, environmental, and many other applications. This review collects the recent achievements in PC development based on nanomicelles, nanospheres, and nanopolymersomes, among others, with enhanced properties to increase cargo protection and cargo release efficiency triggered by ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, including light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for propulsion, cargo transport, biosensing, and photo-thermal therapy. We emphasize the challenges of positioning PCs as drug delivery systems, as well as the outstanding opportunities of light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 # 52-20, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Synthesis of block copolymers used in polymersome fabrication: Application in drug delivery. J Control Release 2021; 341:95-117. [PMID: 34774891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers are common materials used for the fabrication of various nanostructures with biomedical applications including nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles and polymeric vesicles. According to the literature, polymersomes have several advantages compared to other nanostructures used as drug delivery systems comprising better stability, facile synthesis, prolonged circulation time, and passive/active targeting capability. Various types of nanoparticles are formed by varying the ratio of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic blocks. Changing hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio of amphiphilic block copolymers has an impact on the structural characteristics of polymers such as changing molecular weight and surface functionalization of the block copolymer. Thus, polymerization strategies are an important factor that influences polymersomes quality. In this review, different polymerization strategies for the synthesis of block copolymers applied in polymersomes formation, are described.
Collapse
|
13
|
Interplay of distributions of multiple guest molecules in block copolymer micelles: A dissipative particle dynamics study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1142-1152. [PMID: 34571301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Delivery of multiple payloads using the same micelle is of significance to achieve multifunctional or synergistic effects. The interacting distribution of different payloads in micelles is expected to influence the loading stability and capacity. It is highly desirable to explore how intermolecular interactions affect the joint distribution of multi-payloads. EXPERIMENTS Dissipative Particle Dynamics simulations were performed to probe the loading of three payloads: decane with a linear carbon chain, butylbenzene with an aromatic ring connected to carbon chain, and naphthalene with double aromatic rings, within poly(β-amino ester)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) micelles. Properties of core-shell micelles, e.g., morphological evolution, radial density distribution, mean square displacement, and contact statistics, were analyzed to reveal payloads loading stability and capacity. Explorations were extended to vesicular, multi-compartment, double helix, and layer-by-layer micelles with more complex inner structures. FINDINGS Different payloads have their own preferred locations. Decane locates at the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface, butylbenzene occupies both the hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface and the hydrophobic core, while naphthalene enters the hydrophobic core. More efficient delivery of multi-payloads is achieved since the competition of payloads occupying preferred locations is minimized. The fusion of micelles encapsulating different payloads suggests that specific payloads will move to their preferred positions without interfering other payloads.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tan J, Deng Z, Song C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Hu J, Liu S. Coordinating External and Built-In Triggers for Tunable Degradation of Polymeric Nanoparticles via Cycle Amplification. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13738-13748. [PMID: 34411484 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The selective activation of nanovectors in pathological tissues is of crucial importance to achieve optimized therapeutic outcomes. However, conventional stimuli-responsive nanovectors lack sufficient sensitivity because of the slight difference between pathological and normal tissues. To this end, the development of nanovectors capable of responding to weak pathological stimuli is of increasing interest. Herein, we report the fabrication of amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticles containing both external and built-in triggers. The activation of external triggers leads to the liberation of highly reactive primary amines, which subsequently activates the built-in triggers with the release of more primary amines in a positive feedback manner, thereby triggering the degradation of micellar nanoparticles in a cycle amplification model. The generality and versatility of the cycle amplification concept have been successfully verified using three different triggers including reductive milieu, light irradiation, and esterase. We demonstrate that these stimuli-responsive nanoparticles show self-propagating degradation performance even in the presence of trace amounts of external stimuli. Moreover, we confirm that the esterase-responsive nanoparticles can discriminate cancer cells from normal ones by amplifying the esterase stimulus that is overexpressed in cancer cells, thereby enabling the selective release of encapsulated payloads and killing cancer cells. This work presents a robust strategy to fabricate stimuli-responsive nanocarriers with highly sensitive property toward external stimuli, showing promising applications in cancer therapy with minimized side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhengyu Deng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chengzhou Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuben Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu M, Yim W, Zhou J, Zhou J, Jin Z, Moore C, Borum R, Jorns A, Jokerst JV. The Application of Organic Nanomaterials for Bioimaging, Drug Delivery, and Therapy: Spanning Various Domains. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2021.3081758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
16
|
Li X, Zhao X, Lv R, Hao L, Huo F, Yao X. Polymeric Nanoreactors as Emerging Nanoplatforms for Cancer Precise Nanomedicine. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000424. [PMID: 33811465 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
How to precisely detect and effectively cure cancer which is defined as precise nanomedicine has drawn great attention worldwide. Polymeric nanoreactors which can in situ catalyze inert species into activated ones, can greatly increase imaging quality and enhance therapeutic effects along with decreased background interference and reduced serious side effects. After a brief introduction, the design and preparation of polymeric nanoreactors are discussed from the following aspects, that is, solvent-switch, pH-tuning, film rehydration, hard template, electrostatic interaction, and polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Subsequently, the biomedical applications of these nanoreactors in the fields of cancer imaging, cancer therapy, and cancer theranostics are highlighted. The last but not least, conclusions and future perspectives about polymeric nanoreactors are given. It is believed that polymeric nanoreactors can bring a great opportunity for future fabrication and clinical translation of precise nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Runkai Lv
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Linhui Hao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xikuang Yao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Geervliet E, Moreno S, Baiamonte L, Booijink R, Boye S, Wang P, Voit B, Lederer A, Appelhans D, Bansal R. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 decorated polymersomes, a surface-active extracellular matrix therapeutic, potentiates collagen degradation and attenuates early liver fibrosis. J Control Release 2021; 332:594-607. [PMID: 33737203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis affects millions of people worldwide and is rising vastly over the past decades. With no viable therapies available, liver transplantation is the only curative treatment for advanced diseased patients. Excessive accumulation of aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, mostly collagens, produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), is a hallmark of liver fibrosis. Several studies have suggested an inverse correlation between collagen-I degrading matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) serum levels and liver fibrosis progression highlighting reduced MMP-1 levels are associated with poor disease prognosis in patients with liver fibrosis. We hypothesized that delivery of MMP-1 might potentiate collagen degradation and attenuate fibrosis development. In this study, we report a novel approach for the delivery of MMP-1 using MMP-1 decorated polymersomes (MMPsomes), as a surface-active vesicle-based ECM therapeutic, for the treatment of liver fibrosis. The storage-stable and enzymatically active MMPsomes were fabricated by a post-loading of Psomes with MMP-1. MMPsomes were extensively characterized for the physicochemical properties, MMP-1 surface localization, stability, enzymatic activity, and biological effects. Dose-dependent effects of MMP-1, and effects of MMPsomes versus MMP-1, empty polymersomes (Psomes) and MMP-1 + Psomes on gene and protein expression of collagen-I, MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio, migration and cell viability were examined in TGFβ-activated human HSCs. Finally, the therapeutic effects of MMPsomes, compared to MMP-1, were evaluated in vivo in carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced early liver fibrosis mouse model. MMPsomes exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, MMP-1 surface localization and improved therapeutic efficacy in TGFβ-activated human HSCs in vitro. In CCl4-induced early liver fibrosis mouse model, MMPsomes inhibited intra-hepatic collagen-I (ECM marker, indicating early liver fibrosis) and F4/80 (marker for macrophages, indicating liver inflammation) expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an innovative approach of MMP-1 delivery, using surface-decorated MMPsomes, for alleviating liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Geervliet
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell Biophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Silvia Moreno
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Luca Baiamonte
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Richell Booijink
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell Biophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peng Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell Biophysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ku KH. Responsive Nanostructured Polymer Particles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:273. [PMID: 33467649 PMCID: PMC7829942 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Responsive polymer particles with switchable properties are of great importance for designing smart materials in various applications. Recently, the self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) and polymer blends within evaporative emulsions has led to advances in the shape-controlled synthesis of polymer particles. Despite extensive recent progress on BCP particles, the responsive shape tuning of BCP particles and their applications have received little attention. This review provides a brief overview of recent approaches to developing non-spherical polymer particles from soft evaporative emulsions based on the physical principles affecting both particle shape and inner structure. Special attention is paid to the stimuli-responsive, shape-changing nanostructured polymer particles, i.e., design of polymers and surfactant pairs, detailed experimental results, and their applications, including the state-of-the-art progress in this field. Finally, the perspectives on current challenges and future directions in this research field are presented, including the development of surfactants with higher reversibility to multiple stimuli and polymers with unique structural functionality, and diversification of polymer architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Therapeutic nanomaterials serve as an important platform for drug delivery under image guidance. Despite significant growth and broad applications, their design specifics remain a subject of continued interest primarily due to multifunctional factors involved, ranging from nanomaterial properties, imaging modalities, and therapeutic agents to activation strategies. This review article summarizes key findings on their design characteristics with a particular interest in strategies developed for therapeutic activation (release). First, their activation can be controlled using either an endogenous factor including low pH and glutathione or an external stimulation by light, ultrasound, or electromagnetic field. The former is passively controlled from a spatiotemporal aspect compared to the latter, which is otherwise actively controlled through drug linker photolysis, nanomaterial disassembly, or gate opening. Second, light stimulation serves a most notable strategy due to its essential role in controlled drug release, photothermal activation (hyperthermia), and photodynamic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Third, some of those activation strategies that rely on ultrasound, photothermal, photoacoustic, magnetic field, or X-ray radiation are dually functional due to their role in imaging modalities. In summary, this review article presents recent advances and new insights that pertain to nanotherapeutic delivery systems. It also addresses their technical limitations associated with tissue penetration (light), spatial resolution (ultrasound, hyperthermia), and occurrence of cellular resistance (ROS).
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu Y, Shangguan L, Liu P, Liu Y, Li Q, Cao J, Zhu H. Light and reduction responsive supra-amphiphile for controllable fluorescence based on Pillar[6]arene. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Shen W, Zheng J, Zhou Z, Zhang D. Approaches for the synthesis of o-nitrobenzyl and coumarin linkers for use in photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates and their biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:75-91. [PMID: 32853806 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates are particularly interesting because light sources are easy to obtain and the responsiveness of materials is convenient to control. In recent years, various photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates have been synthesized for the control of payload release, regulation of biomolecule activity, 3D cell culture, and investigation of molecular mechanisms. Photocleavable linkers are crucial components of photocleavable biomaterials, which significantly influence the photoresponsive capabilities of materials. Photosensitive molecules, such as o-nitrobenzyls and coumarins, have been extensively developed as photocleavable linkers. In the present review, we provide comprehensive knowledge regarding the synthetic strategies of o-nitrobenzyl and coumarin derived linkers with various functional groups and their applications for the construction of photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates. Finally, the biomedical applications of o-nitrobenzyl and coumarin-based photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates will be summarized and discussed.
Collapse
|
23
|
Moreno S, Sharan P, Engelke J, Gumz H, Boye S, Oertel U, Wang P, Banerjee S, Klajn R, Voit B, Lederer A, Appelhans D. Light-Driven Proton Transfer for Cyclic and Temporal Switching of Enzymatic Nanoreactors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002135. [PMID: 32783385 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temporal activation of biological processes by visible light and subsequent return to an inactive state in the absence of light is an essential characteristic of photoreceptor cells. Inspired by these phenomena, light-responsive materials are very attractive due to the high spatiotemporal control of light irradiation, with light being able to precisely orchestrate processes repeatedly over many cycles. Herein, it is reported that light-driven proton transfer triggered by a merocyanine-based photoacid can be used to modulate the permeability of pH-responsive polymersomes through cyclic, temporally controlled protonation and deprotonation of the polymersome membrane. The membranes can undergo repeated light-driven swelling-contraction cycles without losing functional effectiveness. When applied to enzyme loaded-nanoreactors, this membrane responsiveness is used for the reversible control of enzymatic reactions. This combination of the merocyanine-based photoacid and pH-switchable nanoreactors results in rapidly responding and versatile supramolecular systems successfully used to switch enzymatic reactions ON and OFF on demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Moreno
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Priyanka Sharan
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Johanna Engelke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Hannes Gumz
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Ulrich Oertel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Peng Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Membrane-cross-linked polymersomes with tumor pH-tunable selective permeability as intelligent nanoreactors and drug delivery vehicles. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
25
|
Ribovski L, Zhou Q, Chen J, Feringa BL, van Rijn P, Zuhorn IS. Light-induced molecular rotation triggers on-demand release from liposomes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8774-8777. [PMID: 32618300 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02499f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Controllable molecular release from delivery vehicles is essential to successfully reduce drug toxicity and improve therapeutic efficacy. Light-powered hydrophobic molecular motors were therefore incorporated in liposomes to use molecular rotation to facilitate on-demand release. The extent of the release was precisely controlled by irradiation times, providing a simple yet sophisticated responsive molecular nanocarrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laís Ribovski
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang L, Pu Y, Li J, Yan J, Gu Z, Gao W, He B. pH responsive coumarin and imidazole grafted polymeric micelles for cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
27
|
Choi SK. Photoactivation Strategies for Therapeutic Release in Nanodelivery Systems. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Emerging era of “somes”: polymersomes as versatile drug delivery carrier for cancer diagnostics and therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1171-1190. [PMID: 32504410 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, polymersomes have been widely investigated for the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents in cancer therapy. Polymersomes are stable polymeric vesicles, which are prepared using amphiphilic block polymers of different molecular weights. The use of high molecular weight amphiphilic copolymers allows for possible manipulation of membrane characteristics, which in turn enhances the efficiency of drug delivery. Polymersomes are more stable in comparison with liposomes and show less toxicity in vivo. Furthermore, their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, significant biocompatibility, robustness, high colloidal stability, and simple methods for ligands conjugation make polymersomes a promising candidate for therapeutic drug delivery in cancer therapy. This review is focused on current development in the application of polymersomes for cancer therapy and diagnosis. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zartner L, Muthwill MS, Dinu IA, Schoenenberger CA, Palivan CG. The rise of bio-inspired polymer compartments responding to pathology-related signals. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6252-6270. [PMID: 32452509 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00475h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Self-organized nano- and microscale polymer compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) and layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules have increasing potential in many sensing applications. Besides modifying the physicochemical properties of the corresponding polymer building blocks, the versatility of these compartments can be markedly expanded by biomolecules that endow the nanomaterials with specific molecular and cellular functions. In this review, we focus on polymer-based compartments that preserve their structure, and highlight the key role they play in the field of medical diagnostics: first, the self-assembling abilities that result in preferred architectures are presented for a broad range of polymers. In the following, we describe different strategies for sensing disease-related signals (pH-change, reductive conditions, and presence of ions or biomolecules) by polymer compartments that exhibit stimuli-responsiveness. In particular, we distinguish between the stimulus-sensitivity contributed by the polymer itself or by additional compounds embedded in the compartments in different sensing systems. We then address necessary properties of sensing polymeric compartments, such as the enhancement of their stability and biocompatibility, or the targeting ability, that open up new perspectives for diagnostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zartner
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 24a, BPR1096, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhou Y, Chen R, Yang H, Bao C, Fan J, Wang C, Lin Q, Zhu L. Light-responsive polymersomes with a charge-switch for targeted drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:727-735. [PMID: 31894822 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02411e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the traditional block amphiphilic polymersomes, we herein report a lipid-like amphiphilic polymer that self-assembles into photo-responsive polymersomes for drug delivery. The introduction of a quaternary ammonium moiety not only provides a hydrophilic segment of the polymersomes, but also enables electrostatic adsorption with folic acid, thus achieving the targeting of cancer cells with overexpression of folate receptor. Upon light irradiation, the photocleavage reaction of the o-nitrobenzyl moiety disintegrates polymersomes by changing the polymer structure from cationic amphiphilic state to zwitterionic hydrophilic state, thus realizing photo-triggered drug release. The data showed that anticancer drugs (doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOX·HCl) can be loaded into the hydrophilic cavity of polymersomes and controllably released by photo-induced disintegration of polymersomes. Cellular assay showed that the active targeting of folic acid and photo-triggered release endowed the DOX-loaded polymersomes with a higher cytotoxicity to HeLa cells. Such cationic polymersomes provide a novel strategy for designing effective and intelligent drug carriers, and have potential application as a novel integrated platform for targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu Zhou
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Huiting Yang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Chunyan Bao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jinyan Fan
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qiuning Lin
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Linyong Zhu
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130# Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wei J, Sun J, Yang X, Ji S, Wei Y, Li Z. Self-crosslinking assemblies with tunable nanostructures from photoresponsive polypeptoid-based block copolymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of reversible crosslinking assemblies with tunable morphologies are obtained from a new family of photoresponsive polypeptoid-based diblock copolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Sifan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Yuhan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang A, Jung K, Li A, Liu J, Boyer C. Recent advances in stimuli-responsive polymer systems for remotely controlled drug release. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
33
|
Shreffler JW, Pullan JE, Dailey KM, Mallik S, Brooks AE. Overcoming Hurdles in Nanoparticle Clinical Translation: The Influence of Experimental Design and Surface Modification. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6056. [PMID: 31801303 PMCID: PMC6928924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are becoming an increasingly popular tool for biomedical imaging and drug delivery. While the prevalence of nanoparticle drug-delivery systems reported in the literature increases yearly, relatively little translation from the bench to the bedside has occurred. It is crucial for the scientific community to recognize this shortcoming and re-evaluate standard practices in the field, to increase clinical translatability. Currently, nanoparticle drug-delivery systems are designed to increase circulation, target disease states, enhance retention in diseased tissues, and provide targeted payload release. To manage these demands, the surface of the particle is often modified with a variety of chemical and biological moieties, including PEG, tumor targeting peptides, and environmentally responsive linkers. Regardless of the surface modifications, the nano-bio interface, which is mediated by opsonization and the protein corona, often remains problematic. While fabrication and assessment techniques for nanoparticles have seen continued advances, a thorough evaluation of the particle's interaction with the immune system has lagged behind, seemingly taking a backseat to particle characterization. This review explores current limitations in the evaluation of surface-modified nanoparticle biocompatibility and in vivo model selection, suggesting a promising standardized pathway to clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Amanda E. Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA; (J.W.S.); (J.E.P.); (K.M.D.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Raghupathi K, Kumar V, Sridhar U, Ribbe AE, He H, Thayumanavan S. Role of Oligoethylene Glycol Side Chain Length in Responsive Polymeric Nanoassemblies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7929-7936. [PMID: 31095400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An oft-desired feature of a responsive nanomaterial is that it should undergo disassembly or morphological change upon application of a specific stimulus. The extent of response has been found to depend on factors such as the nature and the number of responsive functionalities incorporated into these particles. In this work, the length of oligoethylene glycol (OEG) side chains associated with the polymers has been shown to greatly influence the responsive behavior of polymeric nanoparticles. The integrity of these OEG-based polymeric assemblies was found to depend not only on the chemical cross-links but also on the physical cross-links in these aggregates in cases where the polymer chains bear long OEG side chains. The physical cross-linking in longer OEG side chain containing polymeric nanogels is present in the form of crystalline domains. Our results here highlight that these ethylene glycol-based hydrophilic units are not to be ignored as spectator units with water-solubilization characteristics but must be analyzed in the context of assembly stabilization and triggerability with the targeted stimulus.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ji S, Xu L, Fu X, Sun J, Li Z. Light- and Metal Ion-Induced Self-Assembly and Reassembly Based on Block Copolymers Containing a Photoresponsive Polypeptide Segment. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaohui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pirone D, Marturano V, Del Pezzo R, Fernández Prieto S, Underiner T, Giamberini M, Tylkowski B. Molecular Design of Microcapsule Shells for Visible Light-Triggered Release. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E904. [PMID: 31108926 PMCID: PMC6572248 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of photo-responsive capsules to tune and control the sustained-release of encapsulated actives is a fascinating and challenging route to improve the performances and effectiveness of a wide range of delivery applications. In this work, we report the preparation of visible light-responsive capsules obtained via oil-in-water interfacial polycondensation between modified diacyl-chloride azobenzene moiety and diamine flexible spacer in the presence of cross-linkers with different structures and functionalities. The effect on the release profile of the encapsulated perfume oil was investigated using three flexible spacers with different lengths (1,8-diaminooctane; 1,6-diaminohexane and 1,4-diaminobutane) and two types of cross-linkers (1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride and melamine). We analyzed how the properties of microcapsules can be tailored changing the design of the shell structure. Fine tuning of the perfume release profiles was obtained. The changes in capsules size and morphology due to visible light irradiation were monitored via light scattering, optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Perfume release was 50% faster in the systems prepared with melamine as the cross-linker. Modelling studies were carried out to support the discussion of the experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Pirone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Procter & Gamble Services Company n.v., Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium.
| | - Valentina Marturano
- Department of Chemical, Materials, and Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples "Federico II", P. le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Rita Del Pezzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Procter & Gamble Services Company n.v., Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium.
| | | | - Todd Underiner
- The Procter and Gamble Company, 6210 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA.
| | - Marta Giamberini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- The Procter and Gamble Company, 6210 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang J, Si D, Wang S, Chen X, Zhou H, Yang M. Photo-induced hydrogen-bonding complexes for drug periodic release. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2468-2479. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00269c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient approach for periodic drug release was accomplished through photo-induced hydrogen-bonding complexation, and then by further disruption upon heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
| | - Dong Si
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Haiou Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Mingdi Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei
- China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wei R, Yang F, Gu R, Liu Q, Zhou J, Zhang X, Zhao W, Zhao C. Design of Robust Thermal and Anion Dual-Responsive Membranes with Switchable Response Temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36443-36455. [PMID: 30277384 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, poly(ionic liquids/ N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIL/NIPAM) modified poly(ether sulfone) microporous membranes were prepared using a pore-filling method. Due to the anion-sensitive wettability of the PIL and the thermal-sensitive phase transformation of PNIPAM, the permeability of the modified membranes showed robust anion and thermal dual-responsive behaviors. In addition, the response temperature of the membranes could be adjusted precisely from 30 to 55 °C by anion exchange, which was attributed to the cooperative interaction of the PIL and PNIPAM. The switchable response temperature and the dual-responsive performances of the membranes were demonstrated by measuring the water fluxes under various conditions. The results indicated that the membrane permeabilities increased when exchanging the counteranions (CAs) from hydrophilic to hydrophobic ones; the thermal response behaviors were also obvious, and the sensitivity increased when increasing the hydrophobicity of the CA (the fluxes could be adjusted from 0 to 3800 mL/m2 mmHgh by controlling the temperature and CAs). At last, filtration tests were designed with the membranes, and the results indicated that by controlling the temperature and/or CA species, three different poly(ethylene glycol) molecules could be easily separated according to their molecule sizes in a single step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jukai Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhu K, Liu G, Zhang G, Hu J, Liu S. Engineering Cross-Linkable Plasmonic Vesicles for Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy Using Orthogonal Light Irradiation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guhuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu G, Hu J, Liu S. Emerging Applications of Fluorogenic and Non-fluorogenic Bifunctional Linkers. Chemistry 2018; 24:16484-16505. [PMID: 29893499 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Homo- and hetero-bifunctional linkers play vital roles in constructing a variety of functional systems, ranging from protein bioconjugates with drugs and functional agents, to surface modification of nanoparticles and living cells, and to the cyclization/dimerization of synthetic polymers and biomolecules. Conventional approaches for assaying conjugation extents typically rely on ex situ techniques, such as mass spectrometry, gel electrophoresis, and size-exclusion chromatography. If the conjugation process involving bifunctional linkers was rendered fluorogenic, then in situ monitoring, quantification, and optical tracking/visualization of relevant processes would be achieved. In this review, conventional non-fluorogenic linkers are first discussed. Then the focus is on the evolution and emerging applications of fluorogenic bifunctional linkers, which are categorized into hetero-bifunctional single-caging fluorogenic linkers, homo-bifunctional double-caging fluorogenic linkers, and hetero-bifunctional double-caging fluorogenic linkers. In addition, stimuli-cleavable bifunctional linkers designed for both conjugation and subsequent site-specific triggered release are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guhuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleiChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reduction-Triggered Transformation of Disulfide-Containing Micelles at Chemically Tunable Rates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8896-8900. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
42
|
Deng Z, Yuan S, Xu RX, Liang H, Liu S. Reduction-Triggered Transformation of Disulfide-Containing Micelles at Chemically Tunable Rates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; i ChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui Province 230026 China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui Province 230026 China
| | - Ronald X. Xu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui Province 230026 China
| | - Haojun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; i ChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui Province 230026 China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; i ChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui Province 230026 China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Affiliation(s)
- Huanli Sun
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères, Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD , Station 12 , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|