1
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Han R, He HC, Zhang WN, Pan ZT, Feng CY, Liang MJ, Wu MY, Zhong W, Lin WQ. Investigation of the correlation between platelet antibodies and peripheral blood cytopenia in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9705. [PMID: 38678158 PMCID: PMC11055914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary triggers that stimulate the body to generate platelet antibodies via immune mechanisms encompass events such as pregnancy, transplantation, and blood transfusion. Interestingly, our findings revealed that a subset of male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), despite having no history of transplantation or blood transfusion, has shown positive results in platelet antibody screenings. This hints at the possibility that certain factors, potentially related to the tumor itself or its treatment, may affect antibody production. To delve the causes we initiated this study. We employed a case-control study approach to analyze potential influential factors leading to the positive results via univariate and multivariate regression analysis. We utilized Kendall's tau-b correlation to examine the relationship between the strength of platelet antibodies and peripheral blood cytopenia. Antitumor medication emerged as an independent risk factor for positive results in HCC patients, and the strength of platelet antibodies positively correlated with the severity of anemia and thrombocytopenia. Without history of blood transfusion, transplantation, pregnancy, those HCC patients underwent recent tumor medication therapy are experiencing peripheral erythrocytopenia or thrombocytopenia, for them platelet antibody screenings holds potential clinical value for prevention and treatment of complications like drug-immune-related anemia and/or bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Chan He
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ning Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Tao Pan
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yang Feng
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jian Liang
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huangpu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 3 Xieshan Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Qian Lin
- Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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2
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García-Burgos M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Díaz-Castro J, M Alférez MJ, López-Aliaga I. Fermented goat's milk modulates immune response during iron deficiency anemia recovery. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:1114-1123. [PMID: 34329496 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency and iron overload can affect the normal functioning of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Fermented milk products may enhance immune functions, but little is known about the effect of fermented milks on modulation of the immune response during iron deficiency anemia and recovery with normal or high dietary iron intake. Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group fed a standard diet or to an anemic group fed a diet deficit in iron. Control and anemic groups were fed for 30 days with diets based on a fermented goat's or cow's milk product, with normal iron content or iron overload. RESULTS In general, during anemia recovery lectin and alternative complement pathway activity and lactoferrin decreased, because it improves iron homeostasis, which is critically important in immune system functions. Fermented goat's milk diet enhanced immune function during iron deficiency recovery, suppressed oxidant-induced eotaxin and fractalkine expression due to the concurrent reduction of free radical production and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and monocyte migration and adhesion. The increase in interferon-γ can confer immunological colonization of gut microbiota and downregulate inflammation. CONCLUSION Fermented goat's milk consumption enhances immune function, modifying complement pathway activity and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as lactoferrin concentration, due to the improvement of iron homeostasis, which is critically important in the normal function of the immune system. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Burgos
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix Verdú', University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix Verdú', University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix Verdú', University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María José M Alférez
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix Verdú', University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Aliaga
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix Verdú', University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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3
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Rees G, Brough L, Orsatti GM, Lodge A, Walker S. Do Micronutrient and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements Affect Human Maternal Immunity during Pregnancy? A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:367. [PMID: 35057548 PMCID: PMC8781537 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal dietary micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids support development of the fetal and neonatal immune system. Whether supplementation is similarly beneficial for the mother during gestation has received limited attention. A scoping review of human trials was conducted looking for evidence of biochemical, genomic, and clinical effects of supplementation on the maternal immune system. The authors explored the literature on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from 2010 to the present day using PRISMA-ScR methodology. Full-length human trials in English were searched for using general terms and vitamin A, B12, C, D, and E; choline; iodine; iron; selenium; zinc; and docosahexaenoic/eicosapentaenoic acid. Of 1391 unique articles, 36 were eligible for inclusion. Diverse biochemical and epigenomic effects of supplementation were identified that may influence innate and adaptive immunity. Possible clinical benefits were encountered in malaria, HIV infections, anemia, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, and preventing preterm delivery. Only limited publications were identified that directly explored maternal immunity in pregnancy and the effects of micronutrients. None provided a holistic perspective. It is concluded that supplementation may influence biochemical aspects of the maternal immune response and some clinical outcomes, but the evidence from this review is not sufficient to justify changes to current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Rees
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Louise Brough
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | | | - Anna Lodge
- St Gilesmedical, London WC2H 8LG, UK; (A.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Steven Walker
- St Gilesmedical, London WC2H 8LG, UK; (A.L.); (S.W.)
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4
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Wu Y, Li E, Knight M, Adeniyi-Ipadeola G, Song LZ, Burns AR, Gazzinelli-Guimaraes AC, Fujiwara R, Bottazzi ME, Weatherhead JE. Transient Ascaris suum larval migration induces intractable chronic pulmonary disease and anemia in mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0010050. [PMID: 34914687 PMCID: PMC8717995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascariasis is one of the most common infections in the world and associated with significant global morbidity. Ascaris larval migration through the host’s lungs is essential for larval development but leads to an exaggerated type-2 host immune response manifesting clinically as acute allergic airway disease. However, whether Ascaris larval migration can subsequently lead to chronic lung diseases remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a single episode of Ascaris larval migration through the host lungs induces a chronic pulmonary syndrome of type-2 inflammatory pathology and emphysema accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage and chronic anemia in a mouse model. Our results reveal that a single episode of Ascaris larval migration through the host lungs leads to permanent lung damage with systemic effects. Remote episodes of ascariasis may drive non-communicable lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic anemia in parasite endemic regions. Ascariasis is the most common helminth infection and leads to significant global morbidity. Transient Ascaris larval migration through the host’s lungs is essential for larval development but leads to an exaggerated type-2 host immune response. Our work demonstrates that transient Ascaris spp. larval migration through the lungs has significant long-term consequences including changes in lung structure and function as well as vascular damage causing chronic lung disease and anemia. We propose that Ascaris spp. larval migration through the host lungs is a risk factor for the development of chronic lung disease and anemia in parasite-endemic regions globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Evan Li
- Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Morgan Knight
- Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Grace Adeniyi-Ipadeola
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Li-zhen Song
- Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Alan R. Burns
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Ricardo Fujiwara
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jill E. Weatherhead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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5
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Lévesque JP, Summers KM, Bisht K, Millard SM, Winkler IG, Pettit AR. Macrophages form erythropoietic niches and regulate iron homeostasis to adapt erythropoiesis in response to infections and inflammation. Exp Hematol 2021; 103:1-14. [PMID: 34500024 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It has recently emerged that tissue-resident macrophages are key regulators of several stem cell niches orchestrating tissue formation during development, as well as postnatally, when they also organize the repair and regeneration of many tissues including the hemopoietic tissue. The fact that macrophages are also master regulators and effectors of innate immunity and inflammation allows them to coordinate hematopoietic response to infections, injuries, and inflammation. After recently reviewing the roles of phagocytes and macrophages in regulating normal and pathologic hematopoietic stem cell niches, we now focus on the key roles of macrophages in regulating erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis. We review herein the recent advances in understanding how macrophages at the center of erythroblastic islands form an erythropoietic niche that controls the terminal differentiation and maturation of erythroblasts into reticulocytes; how red pulp macrophages in the spleen control iron recycling and homeostasis; how these macrophages coordinate emergency erythropoiesis in response to blood loss, infections, and inflammation; and how persistent infections or inflammation can lead to anemia of inflammation via macrophages. Finally, we discuss the technical challenges associated with the molecular characterization of erythroid island macrophages and red pulp macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Lévesque
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
| | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kavita Bisht
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan M Millard
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Ingrid G Winkler
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Allison R Pettit
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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6
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Mashhouri S, Koleva P, Huynh M, Okoye I, Shahbaz S, Elahi S. Sex Matters: Physiological Abundance of Immuno-Regulatory CD71+ Erythroid Cells Impair Immunity in Females. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705197. [PMID: 34367164 PMCID: PMC8334724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature erythrocytes are the major metabolic regulators by transporting oxygen throughout the body. However, their precursors and progenitors defined as CD71+ Erythroid Cells (CECs) exhibit a wide range of immunomodulatory properties. Here, we uncover pronounced sexual dimorphism in CECs. We found female but not male mice, both BALB/c and C57BL/6, and human females were enriched with CECs. CECs, mainly their progenitors defined as CD45+CECs expressed higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), PDL-1, VISTA, Arginase II and Arginase I compared to their CD45- counterparts. Consequently, CECs by the depletion of L-arginine suppress T cell activation and proliferation. Expansion of CECs in anemic mice and also post-menstrual cycle in women can result in L-arginine depletion in different microenvironments in vivo (e.g. spleen) resulting in T cell suppression. As proof of concept, we found that anemic female mice and mice adoptively transferred with CECs from anemic mice became more susceptible to Bordetella pertussis infection. These observations highlight the role of sex and anemia-mediated immune suppression in females. Notably, enriched CD45+CECs may explain their higher immunosuppressive properties in female BALB/c mice. Finally, we observed significantly more splenic central macrophages in female mice, which can explain greater extramedullary erythropoiesis and subsequently abundance of CECs in the periphery. Thus, sex-specific differences frequency in the frequency of CECs might be imprinted by differential erythropoiesis niches and hormone-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Mashhouri
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Petya Koleva
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mai Huynh
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Isobel Okoye
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shima Shahbaz
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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7
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Okino CH, Méo Niciura SC, Barbosa Toscano JH, Esteves SN, Dos Santos IB, von Haehling MB, Figueiredo A, de Sena Oliveira MC, Chagas ACDS. Ovine β-globin gene: A new qPCR for rapid haplotype identification and association with susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus infection. Vet Parasitol 2021; 294:109434. [PMID: 33957549 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two β-globin allelic haplotypes (A and B) were identified in domestic sheep, wherein animals which are homozygous for βB allele (BB haplotype) have a deletion of pre-adult βC-globin and consequently are less tolerant to anemia and hypoxia. Since Haemonchus contortus infection, is associated with severe anemia, studies performed from 1960s to 1990s investigated the association between β-globin haplotype and resistance against this parasite. However, the findings were controversial, pointing out from increased resistance in animals harboring the βA allele to inexistence of association. Thus, our study aimed to develop a qPCR for β-globin haplotype identification, and to evaluate the association between β-globin haplotype and resistance against H. contortus in a group of sheep submitted to artificial infection with this parasite. A total of 286 lambs of Morada Nova breed were experimentally challenged with 4000 H. contortus L3 and monitored for 112 days from weaning. Significantly improved (p < 0.05) phenotypic profiles (lower fecal egg counts, higher packed cell volume and birthweight) were observed for AA haplotype animals, especially when compared to BB animals, while AB animals were similar to BB. This is the first report of a qPCR assay for ovine β-globin haplotype identification. In view of significant differences of phenotypic profiles between haplotype groups, the developed qPCR may constitute an important tool for sheep producers to improve genetic selection of parasite resistant animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Hiromi Okino
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Simone Cristina Méo Niciura
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Barbosa Toscano
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabella Barbosa Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marei Borsch von Haehling
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Figueiredo
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina de Souza Chagas
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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8
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Raundhal M, Ghosh S, Myers SA, Cuoco MS, Singer M, Carr SA, Waikar SS, Bonventre JV, Ritz J, Stone RM, Steensma DP, Regev A, Glimcher LH. Blockade of IL-22 signaling reverses erythroid dysfunction in stress-induced anemias. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:520-529. [PMID: 33753942 PMCID: PMC8026551 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) display severe anemia but the mechanisms underlying this phenotype are incompletely understood. Right open-reading-frame kinase 2 (RIOK2) encodes a protein kinase located at 5q15, a region frequently lost in patients with MDS del(5q). Here we show that hematopoietic cell-specific haploinsufficient deletion of Riok2 (Riok2f/+Vav1cre) led to reduced erythroid precursor frequency leading to anemia. Proteomic analysis of Riok2f/+Vav1cre erythroid precursors suggested immune system activation, and transcriptomic analysis revealed an increase in p53-dependent interleukin (IL)-22 in Riok2f/+Vav1cre CD4+ T cells (TH22). Further, we discovered that the IL-22 receptor, IL-22RA1, was unexpectedly present on erythroid precursors. Blockade of IL-22 signaling alleviated anemia not only in Riok2f/+Vav1cre mice but also in wild-type mice. Serum concentrations of IL-22 were increased in the subset of patients with del(5q) MDS as well as patients with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease. This work reveals a possible therapeutic opportunity for reversing many stress-induced anemias by targeting IL-22 signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Anemia/blood
- Anemia/immunology
- Anemia/metabolism
- Anemia/prevention & control
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Microenvironment
- Disease Models, Animal
- Erythroid Cells/immunology
- Erythroid Cells/metabolism
- Erythropoiesis/drug effects
- Humans
- Interleukins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/blood
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/drug therapy
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/immunology
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/immunology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Interleukin-22
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Raundhal
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shrestha Ghosh
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael S Cuoco
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Meromit Singer
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard M Stone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Steensma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Kosmeri C, Koumpis E, Tsabouri S, Siomou E, Makis A. Hematological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28745. [PMID: 33009893 PMCID: PMC7646039 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), though mainly a respiratory disease, can impair many systems, including causing hematological complications. Lymphopenia and hypercoagulability have been reported in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are considered markers of poor prognosis. This review summarizes the hematological findings in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The majority of infected children had a normal leukocyte count, while the most common white blood cell abnormality was leukopenia. Lymphopenia, which may be a marker of severe disease, was rarer in children than in adults, possibly due to their immature immune system or due to the less severe manifestation of COVID-19 in this age group. Age may have an impact, and in neonates and infants the most common abnormality was lymphocytosis. Abnormalities of red blood cells and platelets were uncommon. Anemia and hypercoagulability were reported mainly in children presenting the novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Kosmeri
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece
| | - Epameinondas Koumpis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece
| | - Sophia Tsabouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece
| | - Ekaterini Siomou
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece
| | - Alexandros Makis
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece
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10
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Rivera-Correa J, Yasnot-Acosta MF, Tovar NC, Velasco-Pareja MC, Easton A, Rodriguez A. Atypical memory B-cells and autoantibodies correlate with anemia during Plasmodium vivax complicated infections. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008466. [PMID: 32687495 PMCID: PMC7392348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax is a highly prevalent infection world-wide, that was previously considered mild, but complications such as anemia have been highly reported in the past years. In mice models of malaria, anti-phosphatidylserine (anti-PS) autoantibodies, produced by atypical B-cells, bind to uninfected erythrocytes and contribute to anemia. In human patients with P. falciparum malaria, the levels of anti-PS, atypical B-cells and anemia are strongly correlated to each other. In this study, we focused on assessing the relationship between autoantibodies, different B-cell populations and hemoglobin levels in two different cohorts of P. vivax patients from Colombia, South America. In a first longitudinal cohort, our results show a strong inverse correlation between different IgG autoantibodies tested (anti-PS, anti-DNA and anti-erythrocyte) and atypical memory B-cells (atMBCs) with hemoglobin in both P. vivax and P. falciparum patients over time. In a second cross-sectional cohort, we observed a stronger relation between hemoglobin levels, atMBCs and autoantibodies in complicated P. vivax patients compared to uncomplicated ones. Altogether, these data constitute the first evidence of autoimmunity associating with anemia and complicated P. vivax infections, suggesting a role for its etiology through the expansion of autoantibody-secreting atMBCs. Malaria is one of the top global infections causing high mortality and morbidity every year. Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent malarial infection, particularly in the region of the Americas. Complications associated with P. vivax, such as anemia, are a growing reported phenomenon, but the mechanisms leading to them are poorly understood. Here, we report the first evidence of autoantibodies and Atypical Memory B-cells correlating with anemia in two different cohorts of P. vivax patients, particularly during complicated infections. These findings point to Atypical Memory B-cells as key pathological players, possibly through the secretion of autoantibodies, and attributes a role for autoimmunity in mediating complications during P. vivax infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rivera-Correa
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JRC); (AR)
| | | | - Nubia Catalina Tovar
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States of America
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas y Biomédicas de Córdoba, Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia
- Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Colombia
- Universidad de Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia
| | | | - Alice Easton
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JRC); (AR)
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11
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McDonald CM, Suchdev PS, Krebs NF, Hess SY, Wessells KR, Ismaily S, Rahman S, Wieringa FT, Williams AM, Brown KH, King JC. Adjusting plasma or serum zinc concentrations for inflammation: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:927-937. [PMID: 32266402 PMCID: PMC7138668 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accurate estimation of zinc deficiency at the population level is important, as it guides the design, targeting, and evaluation of nutrition interventions. Plasma or serum zinc concentration (PZC) is recommended to estimate zinc nutritional status; however, concentrations may decrease in the presence of inflammation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the relation between PZC and inflammation in preschool children (PSC; 6-59 mo) and nonpregnant women of reproductive age (WRA; 15-49 y), and to compare different inflammation adjustment approaches, if adjustment is warranted. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 13 nationally representative surveys (18,859 PSC, 22,695 WRA) from the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project were analyzed. Correlation and decile analyses were conducted, and the following 3 adjustment methods were compared if a consistent negative association between PZC and C-reactive protein (CRP) or α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) was observed: 1) exclude individuals with CRP > 5 mg/L or AGP > 1 g/L; 2) apply arithmetic correction factors; and 3) use the BRINDA regression correction (RC) approach. RESULTS In 6 of 12 PSC surveys, the estimated prevalence of zinc deficiency increased with increasing CRP deciles, and to a lesser extent, with increasing AGP deciles. In WRA, the association of PZC with CRP and AGP was weak and inconsistent. In the 6 PSC surveys in which adjustment methods were compared, application of RC reduced the estimated prevalence of zinc deficiency by a median of 11 (range: 4-18) percentage points, compared with the unadjusted prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Relations between PZC and inflammatory markers were inconsistent, suggesting that correlation and decile analyses should be conducted before applying any inflammation adjustments. In populations of PSC that exhibit a significant negative association between PZC and CRP or AGP, application of the RC approach is supported. At this time, there is insufficient evidence to warrant inflammation adjustment in WRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M McDonald
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Address correspondence to CMM (e-mail: )
| | - Parminder S Suchdev
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Nutrition Branch, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nancy F Krebs
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sonja Y Hess
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - K Ryan Wessells
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sanober Ismaily
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sabuktagin Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Anne M Williams
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Nutrition Branch, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
- McKing Consulting Corporation, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth H Brown
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janet C King
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
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Ashaka OS, Salu OB, James AB, Oyefolu AOB, Anjorin AA, Oke BO, Orenolu MR, Omilabu SA. Parvovirus B19 DNA detection in treatment-naïve HIV anemic patients in Lagos, Nigeria: a case control study. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:219-226. [PMID: 33402910 PMCID: PMC7750054 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parvovirus B19 (B19) has tropism for cells of the erythroid lineage, which may lead to transient inhibition of erythropoiesis. Several studies and case reports suggested that B19 infection may contribute significantly to severe chronic anemia in HIV infected persons. OBJECTIVE To detect parvovirus B19 DNA in treatment-naïve HIV patients. METHODS This was a case control retrospective study. One hundred nineteen anemic and 81 non-anemic treatment-naïve HIV infected patients participated in the study at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect B19 DNA. RESULTS Out of 200 patients analysed, 13(6.5%) had parvovirus B19 DNA. Eight HIV patients with anemia had B19 DNA while five non-anemic HIV patients had B19 DNA. This suggests that the presence of B19 DNA in the blood of HIV positive individuals may contribute to anemia because the majority (61.5%) who were positive for B19 DNA had anemia as compared to the non-anemic control group (38.5%). CONCLUSION This study shows that the presence of B19 DNA in anemic HIV infected patients is not associated with chronic anaemia in HIV infection because no significant association exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi Sedowhe Ashaka
- Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Babalola Salu
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Medical Microbiology and Parasitology P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY) P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayorinde Babatunde James
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY) P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Mercy Remilekun Orenolu
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY) P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Aremu Omilabu
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Medical Microbiology and Parasitology P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY) P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba Surulere Lagos, Nigeria
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13
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Abstract
Severe anemia is a major cause of death by malaria. The loss of uninfected erythrocytes is an important contributor to malarial anemia; however, the mechanisms underlying this pathology are not well understood. Malaria-induced anemia is related to autoimmune antibodies against the membrane lipid phosphatidylserine (PS). In mice, these antibodies induce the clearance of uninfected erythrocytes after binding to PS exposed in their membrane. In human malaria patients there is a strong correlation between anemia and anti-PS antibodies. During malaria, anti-PS antibodies are produced by atypical B cells, whose levels correlate with the development of anemia in patients. Autoimmune responses, which are documented frequently in different infections, contribute to the pathogenesis of malaria by inducing the clearance of uninfected erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rivera-Correa
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Current affiliations: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Kitao A, Kawamoto S, Kurata K, Hayakawa I, Yamasaki T, Matsuoka H, Sumi Y, Kakeji Y, Kamesaki T, Minami H. Band 3 ectopic expression in colorectal cancer induces an increase in erythrocyte membrane-bound IgG and may cause immune-related anemia. Int J Hematol 2020; 111:657-666. [PMID: 31997080 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare comorbidity in colorectal cancer (CRC) and has an unknown etiology. Previously, we described an AIHA case secondary to CRC with ectopic band 3 expression. Herein, we investigated ectopic band 3 expression and erythrocyte membrane-bound IgG in a CRC cohort. Between September 2016 and August 2018, 50 patients with CRC and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. The expression of band 3 and SLC4A1 mRNA was observed in 97% of CRC surgical specimens. Although clinical AIHA was not observed in any patient with CRC, a direct antiglobulin test was positive in 10 of the patients in the CRC group (p = 0.01). Flow cytometry revealed significantly increased erythrocyte membrane-bound IgG among patients with CRC compared to healthy controls (mean ± standard deviation; 38.8 ± 4.7 vs. 29.9 ± 15.6, p = 0.012). Normocytic anemia was observed, including in cases negative for fecal occult blood, suggesting a shortened erythrocyte life-span due to increased membrane-bound IgG. Immunoprecipitation revealed increased anti-band 3 autoantibodies in patients' sera. Mouse experiments recapitulated this phenomenon. We also confirmed that band 3 expression is controlled by 5'AMP-activated protein kinase under hypoxic conditions. These findings increase our understanding of the etiology of cancer-related anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Kitao
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kawamoto
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Keiji Kurata
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Hayakawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamasaki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kohnan Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuoka
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sumi
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toyomi Kamesaki
- Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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15
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Shreffler JW, Pullan JE, Dailey KM, Mallik S, Brooks AE. Overcoming Hurdles in Nanoparticle Clinical Translation: The Influence of Experimental Design and Surface Modification. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6056. [PMID: 31801303 PMCID: PMC6928924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are becoming an increasingly popular tool for biomedical imaging and drug delivery. While the prevalence of nanoparticle drug-delivery systems reported in the literature increases yearly, relatively little translation from the bench to the bedside has occurred. It is crucial for the scientific community to recognize this shortcoming and re-evaluate standard practices in the field, to increase clinical translatability. Currently, nanoparticle drug-delivery systems are designed to increase circulation, target disease states, enhance retention in diseased tissues, and provide targeted payload release. To manage these demands, the surface of the particle is often modified with a variety of chemical and biological moieties, including PEG, tumor targeting peptides, and environmentally responsive linkers. Regardless of the surface modifications, the nano-bio interface, which is mediated by opsonization and the protein corona, often remains problematic. While fabrication and assessment techniques for nanoparticles have seen continued advances, a thorough evaluation of the particle's interaction with the immune system has lagged behind, seemingly taking a backseat to particle characterization. This review explores current limitations in the evaluation of surface-modified nanoparticle biocompatibility and in vivo model selection, suggesting a promising standardized pathway to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Amanda E. Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA; (J.W.S.); (J.E.P.); (K.M.D.); (S.M.)
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16
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Sučić M, Ljubić N, Krmek DŽ, Perković L, Ivanović D, Magazin M, Solomun GF. Immunoexpression of 5-methylcytosine (5mc) in Bone Marrow Haematopoietic Cells in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2019; 49:810-817. [PMID: 31882433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are biologically and clinically heterogenous groups of clonal haematopoietic stem cell diseases characterized by ineffective haematopoiesis and peripheral blood cytopenia, with a variable tendency to transform within acute leukaemia (AL). DNA hypermethylation and hypo-methylation are associated with cancer. Thus, the hypermethylation of DNA is essential for the molecular pathophysiology of MDS by inactivating genes involved in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. It was documented that the 5-methylcytosine (5mc) immunostaining score of BM haematopoietic mononuclear cells is higher in MDS patients than in a normal control group, and that the prognosis of the disease significantly correlated with global DNA methylation, age and IPSS score. In our study, we analysed the immunocytochemical expression of 5mc in bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells from 13 MDS patients and a control group consisting of 13 patients with anaemia of chronic disease. The immunopositivity of 5mc BM mononuclear cells was statistically significantly higher in our MDS patients than in patients with anaemia of chronic disease. In most MDS patients (11 out of 13), a higher 5mc immunopositivity of BM mono-nuclear cells (above 10%) was found. Our results are in concordance with data from literature observing that a higher percentage of 5mc immunopositive BM mononuclear cells is documented in MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Sučić
- Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb University, Zagreb, Croatia
- Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb University, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nives Ljubić
- Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Županić Krmek
- Division of Haematology, Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital ""Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leila Perković
- Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Ivanović
- Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Magazin
- Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital "Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gina Frković Solomun
- Division of Haematology, Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital ""Sveti Duh", Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Ribezzo F, Snoeren IAM, Ziegler S, Stoelben J, Olofsen PA, Henic A, Ferreira MV, Chen S, Stalmann USA, Buesche G, Hoogenboezem RM, Kramann R, Platzbecker U, Raaijmakers MHGP, Ebert BL, Schneider RK. Rps14, Csnk1a1 and miRNA145/miRNA146a deficiency cooperate in the clinical phenotype and activation of the innate immune system in the 5q- syndrome. Leukemia 2019; 33:1759-1772. [PMID: 30651631 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RPS14, CSNK1A1, and miR-145 are universally co-deleted in the 5q- syndrome, but mouse models of each gene deficiency recapitulate only a subset of the composite clinical features. We analyzed the combinatorial effect of haploinsufficiency for Rps14, Csnk1a1, and miRNA-145, using mice with genetically engineered, conditional heterozygous inactivation of Rps14 and Csnk1a1 and stable knockdown of miR-145/miR-146a. Combined Rps14/Csnk1a1/miR-145/146a deficiency recapitulated the cardinal features of the 5q- syndrome, including (1) more severe anemia with faster kinetics than Rps14 haploinsufficiency alone and (2) pathognomonic megakaryocyte morphology. Macrophages, regulatory cells of erythropoiesis and the innate immune response, were significantly increased in Rps14/Csnk1a1/miR-145/146a deficient mice as well as in 5q- syndrome patient bone marrows and showed activation of the innate immune response, reflected by increased expression of S100A8, and decreased phagocytic function. We demonstrate that Rps14/Csnk1a1/miR-145 and miR-146a deficient macrophages alter the microenvironment and induce S100A8 expression in the mesenchymal stem cell niche. The increased S100A8 expression in the mesenchymal niche was confirmed in 5q- syndrome patients. These data indicate that intrinsic defects of the 5q- syndrome hematopoietic stem cell directly alter the surrounding microenvironment, which in turn affects hematopoiesis as an extrinsic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Ribezzo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Inge A M Snoeren
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Ziegler
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jacques Stoelben
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia A Olofsen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Almira Henic
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Ventura Ferreira
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ursula S A Stalmann
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guntram Buesche
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Remco M Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Kalra S, Ruder S. Rubrivigilance in diabetes. J PAK MED ASSOC 2018; 68:1132-1134. [PMID: 30317320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaemia and diabetes have a multifaceted relationship. Their co-existence contributes to each other's etiopathogenesis, natural history, clinical presentation and prognosis. Anaemia may occur in autoimmune disease that coexists with type 1 diabetes, in erythropoietin deficient and in erythropoietin hyporesponsive states. Iron deficiency, haemolytic and megaloblastic anaemia occur in diabetes through various mechanisms. Anaemia is associated with, and contributes to, worsening of both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Altered red blood cell physiology may influence results of glycated haemoglobin. While certain glucose-lowering drugs and antihypertensive drugs may cause iatrogenic anaemia, others help in improving blood health. This review synthesizes all these relationships, and their underlying mechanisms, in a simple, reader-friendly format. This information should help the diabetes care professional to practice due rubrivigilance, i.e. keep a high index of clinical suspicion for anaemia in diabetes care.
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Talash V, Bevzenko T, Yarmola T, Tkachenko L, Pustovoyt H. GOODPASCHER'S SYNDROME - THE CHALLENGES IN A TIMELY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN MEDICAL PRACTICE (CLINICAL CASE). Georgian Med News 2018:107-114. [PMID: 29905555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The article presents a clinical case with intravital diagnosis of Goodpascher's syndrome in a 22 years old patient. In this work we analyze clinical, laboratory-instrumental, pathologoanatomic and pathomorphological aspects of the disease, which was accompanied by glomerulonephritis with rapidly progressive renal insufficiency, anemia, arterial hypertension and symptoms of lung injury. Article emphasizes on the necessity of timely diagnosis of Goodpascher's syndrome and following administration of immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Talash
- 1Higher state educational establishment of Ukraine "Ukrainian medical stomatological academy", Poltava; 2State scientific establishment "Scientific-practical centre of prophylactic and clinical medicine" of State affairs management, Kyiv
| | - T Bevzenko
- 1Higher state educational establishment of Ukraine "Ukrainian medical stomatological academy", Poltava; 2State scientific establishment "Scientific-practical centre of prophylactic and clinical medicine" of State affairs management, Kyiv
| | - T Yarmola
- 1Higher state educational establishment of Ukraine "Ukrainian medical stomatological academy", Poltava; 2State scientific establishment "Scientific-practical centre of prophylactic and clinical medicine" of State affairs management, Kyiv
| | - L Tkachenko
- 1Higher state educational establishment of Ukraine "Ukrainian medical stomatological academy", Poltava; 2State scientific establishment "Scientific-practical centre of prophylactic and clinical medicine" of State affairs management, Kyiv
| | - H Pustovoyt
- 1Higher state educational establishment of Ukraine "Ukrainian medical stomatological academy", Poltava; 2State scientific establishment "Scientific-practical centre of prophylactic and clinical medicine" of State affairs management, Kyiv
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Ventura AMRDS, Fernandes AAM, Zanini GM, Pratt-Riccio LR, Sequeira CG, do Monte CRS, Martins-Filho AJ, Machado RLD, Libonati RMF, de Souza JM, Daniel-Ribeiro CT. Clinical and immunological profiles of anaemia in children and adolescents with Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Pará state, Brazilian Amazon. Acta Trop 2018; 181:122-131. [PMID: 29408596 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Children and adolescents are at great risk for developing iron deficiency anaemia worldwide. In the tropical areas, malaria and intestinal parasites may also play an important role in anaemia pathogenesis. This study aimed at evaluating clinical and immunological aspects of anaemia in children and adolescents with Plasmodium vivax malaria, in the Pará State, Brazil. A longitudinal study was performed in two Reference Centers for malaria diagnosis in the Brazilian Amazon in children and adolescents with malaria (n = 81), as compared to a control group (n = 40). Patients had blood drawn three times [before treatment (D0), after treatment (D7) and at the first cure control (D30)] and hemogram, autoantibody analysis (anticardiolipin, antibodies against normal RBC membrane components) and cytokine studies (TNF and IL-10) were performed. Stool samples were collected for a parasitological examination. Malaria patients had a 2.7-fold greater chance of anaemia than the control group. At D0, 66.1% of the patients had mild anaemia, 30.5% had moderate and 3.5% had severe anaemia. Positivity to intestinal helminths and/or protozoa at stool examinations had no influence on anaemia. Patients had significantly lower levels of plasmatic TNF than control individuals at D0. Low TNF levels were more prevalent among patients with moderate/severe anaemia than in those with mild anaemia and among anaemic patients than in anaemic controls. TNF levels were positively correlated with the haemoglobin rates and negatively correlated with the interval time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. Both plasma TNF levels and haemoglobin rates increased during the follow-up period. The IL-10 levels were lower in patients than in the controls at day 0 and decreased thereafter up to the end of treatment. Only the anti-anticardiolipin autoantibodies were associated with moderate/severe anaemia and, possibly by reacting with the parasite glycosylphosphatidylinositol (a powerful stimulator of TNF production), may have indirectly contributed to decrease the TNF levels, which could be involved in the malarial vivax anaemia of these children and adolescents. More studies addressing this issue are necessary to confirm these findings and to add more information on the multifactorial pathogenesis of the malarial anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Revoredo da Silva Ventura
- Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (IEC/MS/SVS), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil; Serviço de Pediatria - Departamento de Saúde Integrada, Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | - Graziela Maria Zanini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Carina Guilhon Sequeira
- Serviço de Pediatria - Departamento de Saúde Integrada, Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | - Arnaldo Jorge Martins-Filho
- Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (IEC/MS/SVS), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (IEC/MS/SVS), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | - José Maria de Souza
- Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (IEC/MS/SVS), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
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21
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Ezeamama AE, Guwatudde D, Sikorskii A, Kabagambe EK, Spelts R, Vahey G, Fenton JI, Fawzi WW. Impaired Hematologic Status in Relation to Clinical Outcomes among HIV-Infected Adults from Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E475. [PMID: 29649107 PMCID: PMC5946260 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired hematologic status (IHS) was investigated as a determinant of immune function defined as cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T-helper cell count, quality of life (QOL) weight and hospitalization/mortality over 18-months among 398 adult persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) on anti-retroviral therapy. IHS was defined as having anemia at baseline (Hemoglobin: <12 g/dL for women and <13 g/dL for men), time-updated anemia or having low (<30 μg/L) or high (>200 μg/L for men and >150 μg/L for women) ferritin levels at baseline. Months-to-hospitalization/death or study-end (if no event) was calculated from enrollment. Multivariable linear-mixed models quantified associations between IHS and changes in CD4 cell-count, weight gain and QOL. Cox proportional hazards models calculated hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for IHS-related differences in time-to-hospitalization/death. The prevalences of anemia and high and low ferritin levels at baseline were 48.7% (n = 194), 40.5% (n = 161) and 17% (n = 68), respectively. Most patients (63.4%, n = 123) remained anemic during follow-up. Weight gained (ferritin-time interaction, p < 0.01) and QOL (anemia-time interaction, p = 0.05; ferritin-time interaction, p = 0.01) were lower for PLWHA with versus without IHS. Relative to anemia-free/normal ferritin, the risk of hospitalization/death was elevated for PLWHA with anemia (HR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2-3.6), low or high ferritin (HR: 1.8-1.9, 95% CI: 0.9-4.1) and those that developed new/persistent/progressive anemia (HR: 2.3-6.7, 95% CI: 1.0-12.7). Among PLWHA, IHS predicted deficits in QOL, low weight gain and a high risk of hospitalization/death. Intervention to mitigate persistent IHS may be warranted among PLWHA on long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara E Ezeamama
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - David Guwatudde
- School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Alla Sikorskii
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Edmond K Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
| | - Raybun Spelts
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Grace Vahey
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Departments of Global Health and Population, Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sharma P, Puri N. A new role for mast cells as scavengers for clearance of erythrocytes damaged due to oxidative stress. Immunol Lett 2018; 199:23-35. [PMID: 29635001 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress are interconnected. Erythrocytes are continuously exposed to oxidative stress, normally and during inflammatory diseases. Systemic mastocytosis and genetic depletion of mast cells affect anemia. In the present study, a direct role for mast cells in clearance of erythrocytes was explored. We show, for the first time, direct phagocytosis of opsonized as well as oxidatively damaged erythrocytes in vitro by mast cell lines, bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs) and in vivo by murine peritoneal mast cells. Also, activated mast cells, as may be present in inflammatory conditions, showed a significantly higher uptake of oxidatively damaged erythrocytes than resting mast cells. This suggests the involvement of mast cells in erythrocyte clearance during oxidative stress or inflammatory disorders. Partial inhibition of phagocytosis by various inhibitors indicated that this process may be controlled by several pathways. Our study provides important evidence for a scavenging role for mast cells in anemia due to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Niti Puri
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Pakkyara A, Jha A, Al Salmi I, Siddiqi WA, Al Rahbi N, Kurkulasurya AP, Mohsin J. Persistent anemia in a kidney transplant recipient with parvovirus B19 infection. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2017; 28:1447-1450. [PMID: 29265066 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.220846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia after kidney transplant is not uncommon. This paper reports a case of unexplained anemia in a kidney transplant recipient that persisted for more than two months, and that did not respond to recombinant human erythropoietin treatment but was successfully treated after diagnosing Parvovirus B19 (ParvoV B19) infection. A middle-aged male underwent living-unrelated kidney transplantation from Pakistan in April 2015. He was on triple immuno-suppression therapy consisting of prednisolone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. He presented with anemia which persisted for more than two months that did not improve with Darbepoetin alpha and required blood transfusions. A bone marrow biopsy demonstrated pure erythroid hypoplasia and occasional giant pronormoblasts characteristic of a ParvoV B19 infection. The serum was highly positive for ParvoV B19 DNA polymerase chain reaction. The anemia resolved completely three weeks after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin. ParvoV B19 infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of kidney transplant recipients who present with anemia associated with a low reticulocyte count.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amitabh Jha
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Issa Al Salmi
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | | | - Jalila Mohsin
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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Budnevsky AV, Voronina EV, Ovsyannikov ES, Tsvetikova LN, Zhusina YG, Labzhaniya NB. [ANEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASES AS A SYSTEMIC MANIFESTATION OF CHRONIC PULMONARY OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASE]. Klin Med (Mosk) 2017; 95:201-206. [PMID: 30303337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is one of the most frequent forms of anemia is often observed in patients with infections, cancer and chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. The underlying mechanisms are complex and include dysregulation of iron homeostasis and erythropoietin production, impaired proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells and reduced life span of red blood cells. Moreover, ACD is often superimposed by malnutrition, bleeding and renal failure. ACD is mediated through inflammatory cytokines and characterized by low serum iron (hypoferremia) and often increased reticuloendothelial stores of iron. ACD is usually normocytic, normochromic anemia, but it can become microcytic and hypochromic as the disease progresses. Hepcidin, the main regulator of iron homeostasis and its synthesis, is inhibited by iron deficiency and stimulated by inflammation. In many patients the disease is associated with several extrapulmonary manifestations regarded as the expression of the systemic inflammatory state of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent studies showed that anemia in patients with COPD is more frequent than expected, with its prevalence ranging from 8 to 33%. Systemic inflammation may be an important pathogenic factor, but anemia in COPD can also be the result of a number of factors, such as the treatment with certain drugs (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or theophylline), endocrine disorders, acute exacerbations and oxygen therapy. Anemia in COPD patients is strongly associated with increased functional dyspnea, decreased exercise capacity and is an independent predictor of mortality. Treatment options to correct anemia used in other chronic diseases, such as congestive heart failure, cancer or chronic kidney disease have not been explored in COPD (i.e. erythropoietic agents, iron supplements or combined therapy). It is not known whether treating the underlying inflammation could improve hematological characteristics. It is important to develop basic diagnostic modalities for this group of patients and formulate methods of anemia correction.
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Hara A, Wada T. [A Novel Inhibitory Factor of Erythropoietin: Anti-Erythropoietin Receptor Antibody and Its Characteristics]. Rinsho Byori 2017; 65:100-105. [PMID: 30695518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During the exploration of factors that interfere with the erythropoietin (EPO) -EPO receptor (EPOR) interaction in anemia, a novel inhibitory factor of EPO, anti-EPOR antibody, has been detected in anemic pa- tients with immune-mediated diseases. The study also demonstrated that the antibodies were observed in some patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). EPOR is known to be expressed not only in bone mar- row erythroblasts, but also in other organs including the kidneys. In addition, previous studies showed that EPO may contribute to protecting the kidneys from injury by binding EPOR on renal resident cells as well as through the correction of anemia. Based on this background, we recently examined the clinical significance of anti-EPOR antibodies in patients with CKD. With regard to patients with lupus nephritis, who showed the highest antibody levels among the patients examined, the antibodies were associated with overall disease activity and cell infiltration in the injured kidney, and they were inversely related to the preserved renal function. Here, we discuss the discovery of anti-EPOR antibodies in patients with anemia and CKD, and the possibil- ity of their use as an additional biomarker for the deterioration of the renal function. [Review].
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Pradhan V, Pandit P, Rajadhyaksha A, Patwardhan M, Surve P, Kamble P, Lecerf M, Bayry J, Kaveri S, Ghosh K, Nadkar MY. Association of Serum Ferritin Levels with Hematological Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients from Western India. J Assoc Physicians India 2016; 64:14-18. [PMID: 27735143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the hematological manifestations and its association with serum ferritin levels in SLE patients from Western India. METHODS Ninety clinically diagnosed SLE patients fulfilling ACR criteria were included. Disease activity was assessed at the time of evaluation using Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Sera were tested for serum ferritin levels by ELISA (Calbiotech, USA). Autoantibodies such as ANA, anti-dsDNA by indirect immunofluorescence test (IFA- Bio-Rad, USA) and anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) to IgG and IgM isotypes and Anti-β2 GP antibodies to IgG and IgM isotypes were detected by ELISA using commercially available kits (Euroimmun, Lubeck, Germany). RESULTS Out of 90 SLE patients studied, 41 patients (45.6%) showed hematological abnormalities, where anemia (82.9%), leucopenia (26.8%), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) (14.6%) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were noted in (34.1%) patients. Mean±SD serum ferritin levels among SLE patients were 270.2±266.0 ng/ml as compared to 29.0±15.8 ng/ml healthy normal controls (p<0.0001). A positive correlation between serum ferritin levels and SLEDAI scores (r= 0.2640, p=0.0124) and anti-dsDNA positivity was noted (r=0.32, p<0.0001). Serum ferritin levels were negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels (r=-0.5964, p=0.0001), WBC count (r=-0.1705, p=0.2316), platelet count ((r=-0.1701, P=0.2375), C3 levels (r=-0.4417, p=0.0034) and C4 levels (r=-0.0363, p=0.8215). CONCLUSIONS Serum ferritin is an excellent marker of SLE which can be used for an evaluation of disease activity particularly in active stage of the disease mainly in patients having hematological and renal manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pallavi Pandit
- Senior Research Fellow, Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, Maharashtra
| | | | | | - Prathamesh Surve
- Research Technician, Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology
| | - Pradnya Kamble
- Trainee, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, Maharashtra
| | | | | | - Srinivas Kaveri
- Director, INSERM, UMR-S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, F-75006, France
| | - K Ghosh
- Ex-Director, National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, Maharashtra
| | - Milind Y Nadkar
- Professor, Dept. of Medicine and Head of Rheumatology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra
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Suchdev PS, Namaste SML, Aaron GJ, Raiten DJ, Brown KH, Flores-Ayala R. Overview of the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) Project. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:349-56. [PMID: 26980818 PMCID: PMC4785469 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia remains a widespread public health problem. Although iron deficiency is considered the leading cause of anemia globally, the cause of anemia varies considerably by country. To achieve global targets to reduce anemia, reliable estimates of the contribution of nutritional and non-nutritional causes of anemia are needed to guide interventions. Inflammation is known to affect many biomarkers used to assess micronutrient status and can thus lead to incorrect diagnosis of individuals and to overestimation or underestimation of the prevalence of deficiency in a population. Reliable assessment of iron status is particularly needed in settings with high infectious disease burden, given the call to screen for iron deficiency to mitigate potential adverse effects of iron supplementation. To address these information gaps, in 2012 the CDC, National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, and Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition formed a collaborative research group called Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutrition Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA). Data from nationally and regionally representative nutrition surveys conducted in the past 10 y that included preschool children and/or women of childbearing age were pooled. Of 25 data sets considered for inclusion, 17 were included, representing ∼30,000 preschool children, 26,000 women of reproductive age, and 21,000 school-aged children from all 6 WHO geographic regions. This article provides an overview of the BRINDA project and describes key research questions and programmatic and research implications. Findings from this project will inform global guidelines on the assessment of anemia and micronutrient status and will guide the development of a research agenda for future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parminder S Suchdev
- Nutrition Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA;
| | - Sorrel M L Namaste
- Helen Keller International, New York, NY; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Grant J Aaron
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Geneva, Switzerland; and
| | - Daniel J Raiten
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Iijima M, Sekiguchi N, Nagata A, Wagatsuma M, Midorikawa K, Kurimoto M, Noto S, Yamada K, Takezako N. Gamma Heavy Chain Disease with T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Intern Med 2016; 55:399-403. [PMID: 26875967 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma heavy chain disease (gHCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the production of a truncated immunoglobulin heavy chain. Although some cases of gHCD are concurrent with other lymphoid neoplasms, few have been reported. We herein present the case of a 73-year-old woman with gHCD and T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia. A multiparameter flow cytometry analysis revealed neoplastic cells that were positive for CD28, a marker of T-cell activation, the anti-apoptotic antigen of neoplastic plasma cells, CD38 and CD45. The results of this multiparameter flow cytometry analysis may contribute to furthering the understanding of the clinicopathological features of gHCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Iijima
- Hematology Division, National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Japan
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29
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Adam Z, Kissová J, Pour L, Krejčí M, Ševčíková E, Koukalová R, Čermáková Z, Černá M, Král Z, Mayer J. [Myopathy in patients with Waldenströms macroglobulinemia. A case study and an overview of autoimmune expressions of type IgM monoclonal immunoglobulins]. Vnitr Lek 2015; 61:821-828. [PMID: 26465282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Waldenströms macroglobulinemia which was manifested by muscle pain and anemia. The female patient had suffered from back pain for about 3 years before she came to our clinic. In the last year pain in the muscles of the upper and lower extremities developed in addition to back pain. This led to the suspicion of polymyositis. However this was not confirmed by a special examination. The patient was diagnosed with clearly established infiltration of lympho-plasmacytic lymphoma and 10.8 g/l of type IgM monoclonal immunoglobulin in the bone marrow. Serum myoglobin levels and serum CK activity were repeatedly significantly increased. Therefore the treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (Mabthera) 375 mg/m2 i. v. was started, administered once a month, with cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 i. v. on days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle, and dexamethasone 20 mg from 1st through to 4th days and 15th through to 18th days of the treatment cycle. There were 8 cycles planned. Already after a 5th cycle, the disappearance of monoclonal immunoglobulin (negative immunofixation), normalisation of myoglobin and CK values and significant relief from muscle pain were achieved. The hemoglobin concentrations before treatment were significantly reduced, while they were normalised after treatment. After 5 cycles, the complete remission of Waldenströms disease was reached according to biochemical parameters, and normalisation of the serum myoglobin and creatine kinase levels was achieved.
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30
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Cnops J, De Trez C, Stijlemans B, Keirsse J, Kauffmann F, Barkhuizen M, Keeton R, Boon L, Brombacher F, Magez S. NK-, NKT- and CD8-Derived IFNγ Drives Myeloid Cell Activation and Erythrophagocytosis, Resulting in Trypanosomosis-Associated Acute Anemia. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004964. [PMID: 26070118 PMCID: PMC4466398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
African trypanosomes are the causative agents of Human African Trypanosomosis (HAT/Sleeping Sickness) and Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT/Nagana). A common hallmark of African trypanosome infections is inflammation. In murine trypanosomosis, the onset of inflammation occurs rapidly after infection and is manifested by an influx of myeloid cells in both liver and spleen, accompanied by a burst of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines. Within 48 hours after reaching peak parasitemia, acute anemia develops and the percentage of red blood cells drops by 50%. Using a newly developed in vivo erythrophagocytosis assay, we recently demonstrated that activated cells of the myeloid phagocytic system display enhanced erythrophagocytosis causing acute anemia. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism and immune pathway behind this phenomenon in a murine model for trypanosomosis. Results indicate that IFNγ plays a crucial role in the recruitment and activation of erythrophagocytic myeloid cells, as mice lacking the IFNγ receptor were partially protected against trypanosomosis-associated inflammation and acute anemia. NK and NKT cells were the earliest source of IFNγ during T. b. brucei infection. Later in infection, CD8+ and to a lesser extent CD4+ T cells become the main IFNγ producers. Cell depletion and transfer experiments indicated that during infection the absence of NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells, but not CD4+ T cells, resulted in a reduced anemic phenotype similar to trypanosome infected IFNγR-/- mice. Collectively, this study shows that NK, NKT and CD8+ T cell-derived IFNγ is a critical mediator in trypanosomosis-associated pathology, driving enhanced erythrophagocytosis by myeloid phagocytic cells and the induction of acute inflammation-associated anemia. African trypanosomes are the causative agents of Human and Animal African Trypanosomosis, impairing economic development and causing death throughout the African continent. Anemia and inflammation are hallmark features of virtually every type of trypanosome infection. During experimental murine trypanosomosis, early inflammation causes enhanced red blood cell phagocytosis by cells of the myeloid phagocytic system, leading to severe anemia within 48 hours past peak parasitemia. Here, we identify the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFNγ as the main driver of the early inflammatory reaction and enhanced red blood cell phagocytosis. This IFNγ is derived consecutively by NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells, hence these cells all play a crucial role in the induction of inflammation and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cnops
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jiri Keirsse
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Kauffmann
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark Barkhuizen
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences (IDM, Division Immunology), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roanne Keeton
- Faculty of Health Sciences (IDM, Division Immunology), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Frank Brombacher
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences (IDM, Division Immunology), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Health Sciences (IDM, Division Immunology), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- * E-mail: (SM); (FB)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia is an important complication of trypanosomiasis. The mechanisms through which trypanosomal infection leads to anaemia are poorly defined. A number of studies have implicated inflammatory cytokines, but these data are limited and inconsistent. In this article, we reviewed the published literature on cytokines associated with Trypanosoma brucei infections and their role in the immunopathology leading to anaemia. METHODOLOGY Articles were searched in PubMed through screening of titles and abstracts with no limitation on date of publishing and study design. Articles in English were searched using keywords "African trypanosomiasis", "sleeping sickness", "Trypanosoma brucei", in all possible combinations with "anaemia" and/or "cytokines". RESULTS Twelve articles examining cytokines and their role in trypanosomeinduced anaemia were identified out of 1095 originally retrieved from PubMed. None of the articles identified were from human-based studies. A total of eight cytokines were implicated, with four cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12) showing an association with anaemia. These articles reported that mice lacking TNF-α were able to control anaemia, and that IFN-γ was linked to severe anaemia given its capacity to suppress erythropoiesis, while IL-10 was shown to regulate IFN-γ and TNF-α, providing a balance that was associated with severity of anaemia. IFN-γ and TNF-α have also been reported to work in concert with other factors such as nitric oxide and iron in order to induce anaemia. CONCLUSION IFN-γ, IL-10, and TNF-α were the three major cytokines identified to be heavily involved in anaemia caused by Trypanosoma brucei infection. The anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, was shown to counter the effects of proinflammatory cytokines in order to balance the severity of anaemia. The mechanism of anaemia is multifactorial and therefore requires further, more elaborate research. Data from human subjects would also shed more light.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Musaya
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - E Matovu
- Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, Animal Resource and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - M Nyirenda
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Malawi & Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Chisi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Anatomy Unit, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
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Wallace DF, Subramaniam VN. Analysis of IL-22 contribution to hepcidin induction and hypoferremia during the response to LPS in vivo. Int Immunol 2015; 27:281-7. [PMID: 25568302 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxu144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) results from inflammation-mediated up-regulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, with the consequent sequestration of iron limiting its availability for erythropoiesis. The inflammatory cytokine IL-6, a regulator of hepcidin, has been implicated in this process. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that IL-22 is also able to stimulate hepcidin expression. We aimed to determine if IL-22 had a role in causing the hypoferremia associated with the inflammatory response. Wild-type and Il22-knockout mice were subjected to an acute inflammatory stimulus via administration of LPS and the response of hepcidin and iron homeostasis was analysed. In the absence of IL-22, there was a response of hepcidin, resulting in a reduction in serum iron levels. However, the hypoferremic response to LPS was slightly blunted in mice lacking IL-22, suggesting that, during LPS-mediated inflammation, IL-22 may play a minor role in mediating the hypoferremic response. These results may have implications for the treatment and management of the ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Wallace
- Membrane Transport Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia and School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - V Nathan Subramaniam
- Membrane Transport Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia and School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
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Memon Z, Sheikh SS. NON-INVASIVE MONITORING OF FOETAL ANAEMIA IN KELL SENSITIZED PREGNANCY. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2015; 27:486-488. [PMID: 26411147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of Kell sensitized pregnancy with good neonatal outcome. Anti-K antibodies were detected in maternal serum in early pregnancy as a part of routine antibody screening test. The middle cerebral artery doppler monitoring and serial titers were carried out to screen for foetal anaemia. Despite of rising antibody titers, serial middle cerebral artery doppler was normal and did not showed foetal anaemia. The pregnancy was carried out till term and patient delivered at 37 weeks of pregnancy with no evidence of foetal anaemia. This case underlines the need of general screening on rare antibodies in all pregnant women and that non-invasive monitoring of foetal anaemia can be done with anti-k titers and middle cerebral artery Doppler.
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Ishikawa K, Ohsaka H, Omori K, Obinata M, Mishima K, Oode Y, Yanagawa Y. Pregnant Woman Bitten by a Japanese Mamushi (Gloydius blomhoffii). Intern Med 2015; 54:2517-20. [PMID: 26424315 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.4708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report the fourth case of a pregnant woman bitten by a mamushi. A 33-year-old pregnant woman in the 25th week of gestation was bitten by a mamushi. Her vital signs were stable; however, biochemical analyses of the blood showed mild deterioration of anemia and hypoproteinemia. The effects of envenomation were limited to the extremities, the administration of supportive therapy without antivenom fortunately resulted in a favorable outcome. As there are differences in the maternal medical condition and weeks of gestation, further research is needed to clarify the optimal management strategy for administering antivenom in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouhei Ishikawa
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine, Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University, Japan
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Walsh CA, Doyle B, Quigley J, McAuliffe FM, Fitzgerald J, Mahony R, Higgins S, Carroll S, McParland P. Reassessing critical maternal antibody threshold in RhD alloimmunization: a 16-year retrospective cohort study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 44:669-673. [PMID: 24706487 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the critical maternal antibody threshold for specialist referral in cases of RhD alloimmunization. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study, covering a 16-year period at the national tertiary fetal medicine center for management of alloimmunization. Data concerning RhD alloimmunized pregnant women were extracted from an institutional database and maternal anti-D antibody levels were cross-checked with the national reference laboratory. Fetal hemoglobin (Hb) levels were determined only at the first intrauterine transfusion (IUT) and were compared with the pretransfusion maternal anti-D antibody level (IU/mL). Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of maternal antibody thresholds for detecting moderate to severe (Hb ≤ 0.64MoM) fetal anemia were calculated. RESULTS Between 1996 and 2011, 66 women underwent a first IUT for RhD alloimmunization at our institution. The highest serum anti-D antibody level was extracted for 208 RhD alloimmunized women who did not require IUT during the last 10 years of the study period. The traditional maternal antibody threshold of > 15 IU/mL failed to detect 20% of cases of moderate to severe fetal anemia. The ≥ 4 IU/mL threshold had 100% sensitivity but a 45% false-positive rate. The optimal anti-D antibody threshold for specialist referral in our population was ≥ 6 IU/mL; at this level, no case of moderate to severe anemia was missed and specificity was 61%. Use of this threshold would have eliminated 10% of referrals to our fetal medicine unit without compromising fetal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Setting the critical maternal RhD antibody level at >15 IU/mL does not provide sufficient sensitivity. The lower threshold of ≥ 4 IU/mL, though sensitive, is associated with a 45% false-positive rate. In our population, a threshold of ≥ 6 IU/mL minimizes false-positive referrals while maintaining 100% sensitivity for moderate to severe fetal anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Walsh
- Fetal Medicine Unit, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Li J, Wu B, Cui H, Peng X, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Wang X, Tang K, Yin S. Effects of nickel chloride on the erythrocytes and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 161:173-9. [PMID: 25108640 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the immune adherence function of erythrocytes and erythrocyte induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers fed on a control diet and three experimental diets supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg NiCl2 for 42 days. Blood samples were collected from five broilers in each group at 14, 28, and 42 days of age. Changes of erythrocyte parameters showed that total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) contents, and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly lower (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was higher (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 600 and 900 mg/kg groups at 28 and 42 days of age than those in the control group, and the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase) and calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca(2+)-ATPase) activities were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the NiCl2-treated groups. The results of erythrocyte immune adherence function indicated that erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR) was significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 600 and 900 mg/kg groups and in the 300 mg/kg group at 42 days of age, whereas the erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR) was markedly increased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg groups at 28 and 42 days of age. It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg caused anemia and impaired the erythrocytic integrity, erythrocytic ability to transport oxygen, and erythrocyte immune adherence function in broilers. Impairment of the erythrocytes and erythrocyte immune adherence function was one of main effect mechanisms of NiCl2 on the blood function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014, Ya'an, China
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Stijlemans B, Leng L, Brys L, Sparkes A, Vansintjan L, Caljon G, Raes G, Van Den Abbeele J, Van Ginderachter JA, Beschin A, Bucala R, De Baetselier P. MIF contributes to Trypanosoma brucei associated immunopathogenicity development. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004414. [PMID: 25255103 PMCID: PMC4177988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
African trypanosomiasis is a chronic debilitating disease affecting the health and economic well-being of many people in developing countries. The pathogenicity associated with this disease involves a persistent inflammatory response, whereby M1-type myeloid cells, including Ly6Chigh inflammatory monocytes, are centrally implicated. A comparative gene analysis between trypanosusceptible and trypanotolerant animals identified MIF (macrophage migrating inhibitory factor) as an important pathogenic candidate molecule. Using MIF-deficient mice and anti-MIF antibody treated mice, we show that MIF mediates the pathogenic inflammatory immune response and increases the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils to contribute to liver injury in Trypanosoma brucei infected mice. Moreover, neutrophil-derived MIF contributed more significantly than monocyte-derived MIF to increased pathogenic liver TNF production and liver injury during trypanosome infection. MIF deficient animals also featured limited anemia, coinciding with increased iron bio-availability, improved erythropoiesis and reduced RBC clearance during the chronic phase of infection. Our data suggest that MIF promotes the most prominent pathological features of experimental trypanosome infections (i.e. anemia and liver injury), and prompt considering MIF as a novel target for treatment of trypanosomiasis-associated immunopathogenicity. Uncontrolled inflammation is a major contributor to pathogenicity development during many chronic parasitic infections, including African trypanosome infections. Hence, therapies should aim at re-establishing the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses to reduce tissue damage. Our experiments uncovered that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a pivotal role in trypanosomiasis-associated pathogenicity development. Hereby, MIF-deficient and neutralizing anti-MIF antibody-treated wild type (WT) T. brucei-infected mice exhibited decreased inflammatory responses, reduced liver damage and anemia (i.e. the most prominent pathogenicity features) compared to WT control mice. The reduced tissue damage coincided with reduced infiltration of pathogenic monocytic cells and neutrophils, whereby neutrophil-derived MIF contributed more significantly than monocyte-derived MIF to tissue damage. MIF also promoted anemia development by suppressing red blood cell production and enhancing their clearance. The clinical significance of these findings follows from human genetic data indicating that low-expression (protective) MIF alleles are enriched in Africans. The current findings therefore offer promise for human translation and open the possibility of assessing MIF levels or MIF genotype as an indication of an individual's risk for severe trypanosomiasis. Furthermore, given the unmet medical need of African trypanosomiasis affecting millions of people, these findings highlight MIF as a potential new therapeutic target for treatment of trypanosomiasis-associated pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Stijlemans
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lea Brys
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amanda Sparkes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liese Vansintjan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Caljon
- Unit of Veterinary Protozoology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Van Den Abbeele
- Unit of Veterinary Protozoology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jo A. Van Ginderachter
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Beschin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium
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Auclair SR, Roth KE, Saunders BL, Ogborn KM, Sheikh AA, Naples J, Young AMP, Boisen DK, Tavangar AT, Welch JE, Lantz CS. Interleukin-3-deficient mice have increased resistance to blood-stage malaria. Infect Immun 2014; 82:1308-14. [PMID: 24379292 PMCID: PMC3957999 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01140-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of interleukin-3 (IL-3), a hematopoietic growth factor and immunoregulatory cytokine, to resistance to blood-stage malaria was investigated by infecting IL-3-deficient (knockout [KO]) mice with Plasmodium berghei NK65. Male IL-3 KO mice, but not female mice, were more resistant to infection than wild-type (WT) mice, as evidenced by lower peak parasitemia and prolonged survival. Both male and female IL-3 KO mice had increased splenomegaly and were more anemic than corresponding WT mice. Anemia was compensated for by an increase in bone marrow and splenic erythropoiesis in IL-3 KO mice, as evidenced by higher levels of erythroid progenitors. Plasma levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and CXCL9 (monokine induced by IFN-γ [MIG]) were found to be significantly reduced in IL-3 KO mice during early stages of infection. In contrast, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels were significantly higher, and the percentage of peripheral blood neutrophils lower, in infected IL-3 KO mice than in WT counterparts. Overall, our results indicate that IL-3 plays a critical role in suppressing protective immunity to P. berghei NK65 infection and that it is involved in inhibiting the development of splenomegaly, anemia, and erythropoiesis. IL-3 also influences IFN-γ, CXCL9, and G-CSF production in response to infection. The abnormal responses seen in infected IL-3 KO mice may be due to the lack of IL-3 during development, to the lack of IL-3 in the infected mature mice, or to both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Auclair
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
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Karunasiri D, Lowder F, Ostrzega N, Goldfinger D. Anti-Ge2: further evidence for lack of clinical significance. Immunohematology 2014; 30:156-157. [PMID: 25831262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Ge2 may be immune or naturally occurring, and it reacts with an antigen on glycophorin D. Ge2 is encoded by a gene, GYPC, which is located on the long arm of chromosome 2. Anti-Ge2 is usually an immunoblobulin G (IgG) antibody. In the available literature, we have not been able to find any reported cases of proven acute hemolytic transfusion reactions caused by Anti-Ge2. We present the case of a 67-year-old man with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma who had symptomatic anemia and a hemoglobin concentration of 6.3 g/dL. During pretransfusion testing, Anti-Ge2 was identified in his serum. Only a single unit of compatible, Ge:-2 frozen red blood cells (RBCs) could be provided by the blood supplier. A second unit of crossmatched, least-incompatible, leukocyte-reduced RBCs, presumably Ge:-2, was also transfused. The transfusion was completed without incident, and the patient's hemoglobin concentration rose appropriately. Posttransfusion values for haptoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, and urine hemoglobin were within normal limits. A monocyte monolayer assay performed on this anti-Ge2 supports the data that antibodies of this specificity do not cause hemolysis. The clinical and laboratory data obtained in our patient clearly indicated that no hemolysis of transformed RBCs occurred during and for 24 hours after transfusion. We believe that this report adds to a limited experience with anti-Ge2 and provides further evidence for concluding that, to all likelihood, this is not a clinically important RBC antibody. The risk of transfusing apparently "incompatible" (Ge:2) RBCs seems remote and should allow for timely administration of RBCs when treating patients with serious anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Karunasiri
- MD, MBBS (corresponding author), Blood Bank Director, Co-Director, Clinical Laboratory, Los Angeles County-Olive View/UCLA Medical Center, Department of Pathology
| | - Frederick Lowder
- CLS, MT(ASCP)SBB, Blood Bank Supervisor, Los Angeles County-Olive View/UCLA Medical Center, Department of Pathology
| | - Nora Ostrzega
- MD, Clinical Professor of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Chair, Department of Pathology, Los Angeles County-Olive View/UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, CA 91342
| | - Dennis Goldfinger
- MD, Professor, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Consultant, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Los Angeles County-Olive View/UCLA Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite B403, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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40
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Means RT. Anemia of inflammation: clinical insights from mechanisms. Rinsho Ketsueki 2013; 54:1596-1602. [PMID: 24064808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Means
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine and the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center
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41
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Dudkowiak R, Neubauer K, Poniewierka E. Hepcidin and its role in inflammatory bowel disease. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2013; 22:585-591. [PMID: 23986220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pathophysiology of anemia in IBD is complex. It may be developed in the course of inflammation, intestinal bleeding or disorders of iron absorption. Hepcidin, discovered in the year 2000, is an endogenous peptide responsible for iron homeostasis. Recent data suggests that hepcidin is a major mediator of anemia and plays a central role in iron homeostasis and metabolism. This paper presents information about hepcidin structure and function, mechanisms of the regulation of the synthesis and current data about the role of this hormone in IBD-related anemia. Assessment of hepcidin levels in patients with IBD may become a key element in the treatment of anemia in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dudkowiak
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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42
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Coyne D. Is allosensitization a strong enough reason to avoid transfusions? Nephrol News Issues 2013; 27:Supp 13-4, Supp 22. [PMID: 23855144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Coyne
- Chromalloy American Kidney Center, Washington University, St Louis, USA
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Ibitokou S, Oesterholt M, Brutus L, Borgella S, Agbowaï C, Ezinmègnon S, Lusingu J, Schmiegelow C, Massougbodji A, Deloron P, Troye-Blomberg M, Varani S, Luty AJF, Fievet N. Peripheral blood cell signatures of Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49621. [PMID: 23239967 PMCID: PMC3519836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in placental intervillous spaces causes inflammation and pathology. Knowledge of the profiles of immune cells associated with the physiopathology of pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is scarce. We conducted a longitudinal, prospective study, both in Benin and Tanzania, including ∼1000 pregnant women in each site with systematic follow-up at scheduled antenatal visits until delivery. We used ex vivo flow cytometry to identify peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) profiles that are associated with PAM and anaemia, determining the phenotypic composition and activation status of PBMC in selected sub-groups with and without PAM both at inclusion and at delivery in a total of 302 women. Both at inclusion and at delivery PAM was associated with significantly increased frequencies both of B cells overall and of activated B cells. Infection-related profiles were otherwise quite distinct at the two different time-points. At inclusion, PAM was associated with anaemia, with an increased frequency of immature monocytes and with a decreased frequency of regulatory T cells (Treg). At delivery, infected women presented with significantly fewer plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC), more myeloid DC expressing low levels of HLA-DR, and more effector T cells (Teff) compared to uninfected women. Independent associations with an increased risk of anaemia were found for altered antigen-presenting cell frequencies at inclusion, but for an increased frequency of Teff at delivery. Our findings emphasize the prominent role played by B cells during PAM whenever it arises during pregnancy, whilst also revealing signature changes in other circulating cell types that, we conclude, primarily reflect the relative duration of the infections. Thus, the acute, recently-acquired infections present at delivery were marked by changes in DC and Teff frequencies, contrasting with infections at inclusion, considered chronic in nature, that were characterized by an abundance of immature monocytes and a paucity of Treg in PBMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ibitokou
- Centre d'étude et de recherche sur le paludisme associé à la grossesse et à l'enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mayke Oesterholt
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Brutus
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Borgella
- Centre d'étude et de recherche sur le paludisme associé à la grossesse et à l'enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Carine Agbowaï
- Centre d'étude et de recherche sur le paludisme associé à la grossesse et à l'enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Sèm Ezinmègnon
- Centre d'étude et de recherche sur le paludisme associé à la grossesse et à l'enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - John Lusingu
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga, Tanzania
| | - Christentze Schmiegelow
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Institute of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'étude et de recherche sur le paludisme associé à la grossesse et à l'enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Philippe Deloron
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marita Troye-Blomberg
- Department of Immunology, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefania Varani
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adrian J. F. Luty
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Nadine Fievet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Harrop R, Treasure P, de Belin J, Kelleher M, Bolton G, Naylor S, Shingler WH. Analysis of pre-treatment markers predictive of treatment benefit for the therapeutic cancer vaccine MVA-5T4 (TroVax). Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:2283-94. [PMID: 22692758 PMCID: PMC11029511 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines such as MVA-5T4 (TroVax(®)) must induce an efficacious immune response to deliver therapeutic benefit. The identification of biomarkers that impact on the clinical and/or immunological efficacy of cancer vaccines is required in order to select patients who are most likely to benefit from this treatment modality. Here, we sought to identify a predictor of treatment benefit for renal cancer patients treated with MVA-5T4. Statistical modeling was undertaken using data from a phase III trial in which patients requiring first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma were randomized 1:1 to receive MVA-5T4 or placebo alongside sunitinib, IL-2 or IFN-α. Numerous pre-treatment factors associated with inflammatory anemia (e.g., CRP, hemoglobin, hematocrit, IL-6, ferritin, platelets) demonstrated a significant relationship with tumor burden and patient survival. From these prognostic factors, the pre-treatment mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was found to be the best predictor of treatment benefit (P < 0.01) for MVA-5T4 treated patients and also correlated positively with tumor shrinkage (P < 0.001). Furthermore, MCHC levels showed a significant positive association with 5T4 antibody response (P = 0.01). The latter result was confirmed using an independent data set comprising phase II trials of MVA-5T4 in patients with colorectal, renal and prostate cancers. Retrospective analyses demonstrated that RCC patients who had very large tumor burdens and low MCHC levels received little or no benefit from treatment with MVA-5T4; however, patients with smaller tumor burdens and normal MCHC levels received substantial benefit from treatment with MVA-5T4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Harrop
- Oxford BioMedica (UK) Ltd, The Medawar Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, OX4 4GA, UK.
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Borges AHD, Faragher B, Lalloo DG. Pyomyositis in the upper Negro river basin, Brazilian Amazonia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2012; 106:532-7. [PMID: 22819770 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyomyositis remains poorly documented in tropical Latin America. We therefore performed a retrospective review of cases admitted to a hospital in the upper Negro river basin during 2002-2006. Seasonality was assessed by the cosinor model and independent predictors of outcome were identified by logistic regression. Determinants of time-to-fever resolution were analysed using Cox regression. No seasonal trend was observed (p=0.284) among 82 hospitalised patients. The disease predominated in young males and the most commonly affected part of the body was the lower limb (68 [63.5%] out of 107 lesions). Staphylococcus aureus was the only identified infecting organism (18 of 20 culture results, 90%). Complications occurred in 17 patients (20.7%) and the case fatality rate was 2.4%. Children were more likely to present with eosinophilia than adults (OR= 4.20, 95% CI 1.08-16.32, p=0.048), but no other significant differences regarding clinical presentation and outcomes were observed. The time-to-fever resolution was the only independent determinant of poor outcome (OR=1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.92, p<0.001) and was significantly longer in patients treated with combined antibiotic therapy than in those treated with single antibiotics (HR=0.523, 95% CI 0.296-0.926, p=0.026). Further studies to determine the best antibiotic therapy modality for the treatment of pyomyositis are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro H D Borges
- Infectious Diseases Service, Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Avenida Alfredo Balena 110, 30130100, Brazil.
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Davenport GC, Hittner JB, Were T, Ong'echa JM, Perkins DJ. Relationship between inflammatory mediator patterns and anemia in HIV-1 positive and exposed children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:652-8. [PMID: 22570198 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anemia is the primary hematological manifestation of both Plasmodium falciparum malaria and HIV-1 in pediatric populations in sub-Saharan Africa. We have previously shown that HIV-1 positive and exposed children have greater risk of developing severe anemia (hemoglobin, Hb <6.0 g dL⁻¹) during acute malaria. However, enhanced severity of anemia was unrelated to either erythropoietic suppression or parasite-driven red blood cell hemolysis. To further explore mechanisms of anemia, circulating inflammatory mediators (IMs) were determined using a 25-plex bead array in P. falciparum-infected (Pf[+]) children (3-36 month, n = 194) stratified into three groups: HIV-1 negative (HIV-1[-]/Pf[+]); HIV-1 exposed (HIV-1[exp]/Pf[+]); and HIV-1 infected (HIV-1[+]/Pf[+]). IL-12, MIG/CXCL9, eotaxin/CCL11, and GM-CSF differed significantly and progressively increased across the groups (HIV-1[-]→HIV-1[exp]→HIV-1[+]). To further explore the relationship between the inflammatory milieu (i.e., cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) and HIV-1 status, the large panel of IMs was reduced into discrete groups by principal component factor analysis. Of the six principal components that emerged, three components were significantly higher in the HIV-1 [+]/pf[+] and HIV[exp]/Pf[+] groups, demonstrating that inflammatory profiles differ according to HIV-1 status. Additional analyses exploring the relationship between the components and anemia revealed significant positive correlations between Hb and Component 3 (IL-1Ra, IL-7, IL-17, IFN-α, IFN-γ, MIG/CXCL9) in the HIV-1[-]/Pf[+] group, and Component 4 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-12, Eotaxin/CCL11) in HIV-1[+]/Pf[+] children. Further analyses of the HIV-1[+]/Pf[+] group revealed that IL-12 had the strongest association with anemia. Results presented here demonstrate that there are unique relationships between the inflammatory environment and anemia in HIV-1 positive and exposed children with malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C Davenport
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may play a role in erythropoiesis. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to determine the effect of the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab on anemia in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. METHODS Databases from PUBMED, the Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) conferences until May 2010 were searched to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies included prospective RCTs in which the combination of bevacizumab and chemotherapy was compared with chemotherapy alone. Summary incidence rate, relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 6439 patients with a variety of solid tumors were included for analysis from 11 RCTs. Among those patients receiving bevacizumab and chemotherapy, the incidences of all-grade and high-grade (grade 3 and above) anemia were 17.8% (95% CI: 11.1-27.1%) and 2.8% (95% CI: 1.6-5.0%) respectively. In comparison with chemotherapy alone, bevacizumab significantly reduced all-grade (RR, 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66-1.0, p = 0.007) and high-grade anemia (RR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57-0.90, p = 0.005). The effect did not vary significantly among bevacizumab doses (p = 0.88), tumor types (p = 0.75) or chemotherapy regimens (p = 0.98). DISCUSSION Bevacizumab may significantly reduce the risk of anemia with chemotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Sher
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, NY, USA
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Hernán Martinez J, Corder E, Uzcategui M, Garcia M, Sostre S, Garcia A. Subacute thyroiditis and dyserythropoesis after influenza vaccination suggesting immune dysregulation. Bol Asoc Med P R 2011; 103:48-52. [PMID: 22111471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an extremely rare complication of influenza vaccination. Several infectious agents have been related with SAT. It is also well known the association between HLA-B35 and the development of SAT. We describe a case of subacute thyroiditis and dyserythropoesis occurring shortly after administration of an influenza vaccine in a 55-year-old man with history of diabetes and psoriasis, family history of autoimmunity without clinical evidence of acute viral infection prior to the onset of symptoms. We propose that, the events occurring in the patient may be explained as result of complex interactions between the individual genetic background and environmental exposure to infectious agents that generated a pro-inflammatory status, where the vaccine was the trigger for the subsequent alterations in thyroid and bone marrow. These findings highlight the importance of immunogenetic factors involved in response to vaccination that is the central theme in the growing field of 'vaccinomics'.
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MESH Headings
- Anemia/etiology
- Anemia/immunology
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- GATA1 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Goiter, Nodular/complications
- HLA-B35 Antigen/analysis
- HLA-B35 Antigen/genetics
- Humans
- Inflammation
- Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Psoriasis/complications
- Psoriasis/immunology
- Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/etiology
- Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/immunology
- Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/pathology
- Thyroiditis, Subacute/etiology
- Thyroiditis, Subacute/immunology
- Thyroiditis, Subacute/pathology
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Attenuated/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Hernán Martinez
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, San Juan Bautista Medical Center, Caguas, Puerto Rico.
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Shiono H, Yagi Y, Chikayama Y, Miyazaki S, Nakamura I. The influence of oxidative bursts of phagocytes on red blood cell oxidation in anemic cattle infected withTheileria sergenti. Free Radic Res 2010; 37:1181-9. [PMID: 14703730 DOI: 10.1080/10715760310001607023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The primary clinical symptom of Japanese bovine theileriosis, caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan Theileria sergenti, is anemia, but the underlying mechanism of this anemia remains unknown. To elucidate the pathogenesis of anemia developing in bovine theileriosis, we investigated the relationship between oxidative bursts of peripheral blood phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) and the oxidation of red blood cells (RBC) to the development of anemia in cattle experimentally infected with T. sergenti. The levels of methemoglobin (MetHb) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as a parameter of intracellular and membrane oxidative damage in RBC and of production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in phagocytes, were low before the onset of anemia; these parameters began to increase remarkably with decreasing packed cell volume and increasing parasitemia during the course of the anemia, which returned to initial levels during convalescence from anemia. A positive correlation between H2O2 production of phagocytes and each of the oxidative indices of MetHb and MDA was also noted during the onset of anemia. The levels of antioxidants, namely reduced glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, in RBC also decreased during the progression of anemia. These results suggest that oxidative damage of RBC has a close relationship with the onset of anemia in bovine theileriosis, and that oxidative bursts of phagocytes may play a part in the pathogenesis of anemia in infected cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Shiono
- Clinical Biochemistry Section, Hokkaido Research Station, National Agricultural Research Organization, 4 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0045, Japan.
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Zaninoni A, Imperiali FG, Pomati M, Colombi M, Boschetti C, Barcellini W. Bone marrow mitogen-stimulated direct antiglobulin test in a case of erythroblastic synartesis. Clin Lab 2010; 56:459-462. [PMID: 21086791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this article we report a case of erythroblastic synartesis, a rare disease characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis, clusters of erythroblasts due to membrane invaginations, in which an autoimmune pathogenesis is hypothesized. We investigated the presence of anti-erythroblast autoimmunity in bone marrow cultures using a mitogen-stimulated direct antiglobulin test, a method reported to be able to disclose a latent autoimmunity in various diseases. The test revealed the presence of erythroblast-bound IgG, supporting the hypothesis of the autoimmune pathogenesis of erythroblastic synartesis. Supernatants induced the same specific morphological features, i.e erythroblastic clustering and diserythropoietic signs (multiple nuclei, nuclear inclusions, and intercellular bridges) in normal progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaninoni
- U.O. Ematologia 2, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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