1
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Qureshi S, Alavi SE, Mohammed Y. Microsponges: Development, Characterization, and Key Physicochemical Properties. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:229-245. [PMID: 38661260 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsponges are promising drug delivery carriers with versatile characteristics and controlled release properties for the delivery of a wide range of drugs. The microsponges will provide an optimized therapeutic effect, when delivered at the site of action without rupturing, then releasing the cargo at the predetermined time and area. The ability of the microsponges to effectively deliver the drug in a controlled manner depends on the material composition. This comprehensive review entails knowledge on the design parameters of an optimized microsponge drug delivery system and the controlled release properties of microsponges that reduces the side effects of drugs. Furthermore, the review delves into the fabrication techniques of microsponges, the mechanism of drug release from the microsponges, and the regulatory requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the successful marketing of microsponge formulation. The review also examines the patented formulations of microsponges. The prospects of these sophisticated drug delivery systems for improved clinical outcomes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Qureshi
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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2
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Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhou S, Liu Y, Zhu S, Jia X, Lu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Ye Z, Cai B, Kong L, Liu F. RNA Coating Promotes Peri-Implant Osseointegration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 38943625 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
In addition to transmitting and carrying genetic information, RNA plays an important abiotic role in the world of nanomaterials. RNA is a natural polyanionic biomacromolecule, and its ability to promote osteogenesis by binding with other inorganic materials as an osteogenic induction agent was discovered only recently. However, whether it can promote osseointegration on implants has not been reported. Here, we investigated the effect of the RNA-containing coating materials on peri-implant osseointegration. Total RNA extracted from rat muscle tissue was used as an osteogenic induction agent, and hyaluronic acid (HA) was used to maintain its negative charge. In simulated body fluids (SBF), in vitro studies demonstrated that the resulting material encouraged calcium salt deposition. Cytological experiments showed that the RNA-containing coating induced greater cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation in comparison to the control. The results of animal experiments showed that the RNA-containing coating had osteoinductive and bone conduction activities, which are beneficial for bone formation and osseointegration. Therefore, the RNA-containing coatings are useful for the surface modification of titanium implants to promote osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yicheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shanluo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Simin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xuelian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zihan Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, S.A.R., China
| | - Bolei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fuwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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3
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Udono H, Fan M, Saito Y, Ohno H, Nomura SIM, Shimizu Y, Saito H, Takinoue M. Programmable Computational RNA Droplets Assembled via Kissing-Loop Interaction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15477-15486. [PMID: 38831645 PMCID: PMC11191694 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
DNA droplets, artificial liquid-like condensates of well-engineered DNA sequences, allow the critical aspects of phase-separated biological condensates to be harnessed programmably, such as molecular sensing and phase-state regulation. In contrast, their RNA-based counterparts remain less explored despite more diverse molecular structures and functions ranging from DNA-like to protein-like features. Here, we design and demonstrate computational RNA droplets capable of two-input AND logic operations. We use a multibranched RNA nanostructure as a building block comprising multiple single-stranded RNAs. Its branches engaged in RNA-specific kissing-loop (KL) interaction enables the self-assembly into a network-like microstructure. Upon two inputs of target miRNAs, the nanostructure is programmed to break up into lower-valency structures that are interconnected in a chain-like manner. We optimize KL sequences adapted from viral sequences by numerically and experimentally studying the base-wise adjustability of the interaction strength. Only upon receiving cognate microRNAs, RNA droplets selectively show a drastic phase-state change from liquid to dispersed states due to dismantling of the network-like microstructure. This demonstration strongly suggests that the multistranded motif design offers a flexible means to bottom-up programming of condensate phase behavior. Unlike submicroscopic RNA-based logic operators, the macroscopic phase change provides a naked-eye-distinguishable readout of molecular sensing. Our computational RNA droplets can be applied to in situ programmable assembly of computational biomolecular devices and artificial cells from transcriptionally derived RNA within biological/artificial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Udono
- Department
of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of
Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Minzhi Fan
- Department
of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of
Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Saito
- Department
of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of
Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohno
- Department
of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro M. Nomura
- Department
of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Shimizu
- Laboratory
for Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, RIKEN Center
for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Department
of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Department
of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of
Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Department
of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Research
Center for Autonomous Systems Materialogy (ASMat), Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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4
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Avila Y, Rebolledo LP, Skelly E, de Freitas Saito R, Wei H, Lilley D, Stanley RE, Hou YM, Yang H, Sztuba-Solinska J, Chen SJ, Dokholyan NV, Tan C, Li SK, He X, Zhang X, Miles W, Franco E, Binzel DW, Guo P, Afonin KA. Cracking the Code: Enhancing Molecular Tools for Progress in Nanobiotechnology. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3587-3604. [PMID: 38833534 PMCID: PMC11190997 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Nature continually refines its processes for optimal efficiency, especially within biological systems. This article explores the collaborative efforts of researchers worldwide, aiming to mimic nature's efficiency by developing smarter and more effective nanoscale technologies and biomaterials. Recent advancements highlight progress and prospects in leveraging engineered nucleic acids and proteins for specific tasks, drawing inspiration from natural functions. The focus is developing improved methods for characterizing, understanding, and reprogramming these materials to perform user-defined functions, including personalized therapeutics, targeted drug delivery approaches, engineered scaffolds, and reconfigurable nanodevices. Contributions from academia, government agencies, biotech, and medical settings offer diverse perspectives, promising a comprehensive approach to broad nanobiotechnology objectives. Encompassing topics from mRNA vaccine design to programmable protein-based nanocomputing agents, this work provides insightful perspectives on the trajectory of nanobiotechnology toward a future of enhanced biomimicry and technological innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelixza
I. Avila
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Laura P. Rebolledo
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Elizabeth Skelly
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Renata de Freitas Saito
- Comprehensive
Center for Precision Oncology, Centro de Investigação
Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento
de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de
São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São
Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Hui Wei
- College
of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - David Lilley
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Robin E. Stanley
- Signal
Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ya-Ming Hou
- Thomas
Jefferson
University, Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, 233 South 10th Street, BLSB 220 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Haoyun Yang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Joanna Sztuba-Solinska
- Vaccine
Research and Development, Early Bioprocess Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl
River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Shi-Jie Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of
Data Sciences and Informatics, University
of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Departments
of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Penn State College of Medicine; Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Cheemeng Tan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - S. Kevin Li
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle
College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department
of Cancer Biology, Breast Cancer Research Program, and University
of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Wayne Miles
- Department
of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Elisa Franco
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Daniel W. Binzel
- Center
for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy, James
Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center
for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine; College of Pharmacy, James
Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Dorothy
M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kirill A. Afonin
- Nanoscale
Science Program, Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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5
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Zhong C, Shi Z, Binzel DW, Jin K, Li X, Guo P, Li SK. Posterior eye delivery of angiogenesis-inhibiting RNA nanoparticles via subconjunctival injection. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124151. [PMID: 38657717 PMCID: PMC11221552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Neovascularization contributes to various posterior eye segment diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. RNA nanoparticles were demonstrated previously to enter the corneal and retinal cells after subconjunctival injection for ocular delivery. In the present study, antiangiogenic aptamers (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) aptamers) were conjugated to RNA nanoparticles. The objectives were to investigate the clearance and distribution of these angiogenesis-inhibiting RNA nanoparticles after subconjunctival injection in vivo and their antiangiogenic effects for inhibiting ocular neovascularization in vitro. The results in the whole-body fluorescence imaging study showed that the clearance of RNA nanoparticles was size-dependent with no significant differences between RNA nanoparticles with and without the aptamers except for pRNA-3WJ. The distribution study of RNA nanoparticles by confocal microscopy of the dissected eye tissues in vivo indicated cell internalization of the larger RNA nanoparticles in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium after subconjunctival injection, and the larger nanoparticles with aptamers showed higher levels of cell internalization than those without. In the cell proliferation assay in vitro, RNA nanoparticles with multiple aptamers had higher antiangiogenic effects. With both longer retention time and high antiangiogenic effect, SQR-VEGF-Ang2 could be a promising RNA nanoparticle for posterior eye delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhong
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Zhanquan Shi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Daniel W Binzel
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kai Jin
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - S Kevin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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6
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Souto EB, Blanco-Llamero C, Krambeck K, Kiran NS, Yashaswini C, Postwala H, Severino P, Priefer R, Prajapati BG, Maheshwari R. Regulatory insights into nanomedicine and gene vaccine innovation: Safety assessment, challenges, and regulatory perspectives. Acta Biomater 2024; 180:1-17. [PMID: 38604468 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This analysis explores the principal regulatory concerns linked to nanomedicines and gene vaccines, including the complexities involved and the perspectives on how to navigate them. In the realm of nanomedicines, ensuring the safety of nanomaterials is paramount due to their unique characteristics and potential interactions with biological systems. Regulatory bodies are actively formulating guidelines and standards to assess the safety and risks associated with nanomedicine products, emphasizing the need for standardized characterization techniques to accurately gauge their safety and effectiveness. Regarding gene vaccines, regulatory frameworks must be tailored to address the distinct challenges posed by genetic interventions, necessitating special considerations in safety and efficacy evaluations, particularly concerning vector design, target specificity, and long-term patient monitoring. Ethical concerns such as patient autonomy, informed consent, and privacy also demand careful attention, alongside the intricate matter of intellectual property rights, which must be balanced against the imperative of ensuring widespread access to these life-saving treatments. Collaborative efforts among regulatory bodies, researchers, patent offices, and the private sector are essential to tackle these challenges effectively, with international cooperation being especially crucial given the global scope of nanomedicine and genetic vaccine development. Striking the right balance between safeguarding intellectual properties and promoting public health is vital for fostering innovation and ensuring equitable access to these ground-breaking technologies, underscoring the significance of addressing these regulatory hurdles to fully harness the potential benefits of nanomedicine and gene vaccines for enhancing healthcare outcomes on a global scale. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Several biomaterials are being proposed for the development of nanovaccines, from polymeric micelles, PLGA-/PEI-/PLL-nanoparticles, solid lipid nananoparticles, cationic lipoplexes, liposomes, hybrid materials, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, hydrogels, to quantum dots. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained tremendous attention since the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of Pfizer and Moderna's COVID-19 vaccines, raising public awareness to the regulatory challenges associated with nanomedicines and genetic vaccines. This review provides insights into the current perspectives and potential strategies for addressing these issues, including clinical trials. By navigating these regulatory landscapes effectively, we can unlock the full potential of nanomedicine and genetic vaccines using a range of promising biomaterials towards improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana B Souto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Blanco-Llamero
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karolline Krambeck
- Health Sciences School, Guarda Polytechnic Institute, Rua da Cadeia, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
| | | | - Chandrashekar Yashaswini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Humzah Postwala
- L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Patricia Severino
- Institute of Research and Technology, University Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil; Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ronny Priefer
- Institute of Research and Technology, University Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Bhupendra Gopalbhai Prajapati
- Shree. S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat 384012, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Jadcherla, Hyderabad 509301, India
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7
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Eltahir AOE, Lategan KL, David OM, Pool EJ, Luckay RC, Hussein AA. Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Liquiritin and Other Phenolics from Glycyrrhiza glabra and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:95. [PMID: 38667552 PMCID: PMC11051159 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are the main phytochemical constituents of many higher plants. They play an important role in synthesizing metal nanoparticles using green technology due to their ability to reduce metal salts and stabilize them through physical interaction/conjugation to the metal surface. Six pure phenolic compounds were isolated from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and employed in synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The isolated compounds were identified as liquiritin (1), isoliquiritin (2), neoisoliquiritin (3), isoliquiritin apioside (4), liquiritin apioside (5), and glabridin (6). The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV, zeta sizer, HRTEM, and IR and tested for their stability in different biological media. The phenolic isolates and their corresponding synthesized NP conjugates were tested for their potential in vitro cytotoxicity. The anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in both normal and inflammation-induced settings, where inflammatory biomarkers were stimulated using lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. LPS, functioning as a mitogen, promotes cell growth by reducing apoptosis, potentially contributing to observed outcomes. Results indicated that all six pure phenolic isolates inhibited cell proliferation. The AuNP conjugates of all the phenolic isolates, except liquiritin apioside (5), inhibited cell viability. LPS initiates inflammatory markers by binding to cell receptors and setting off a cascade of events leading to inflammation. All the pure phenolic isolates, except isoliquiritin, neoisoliquiritin, and isoliquiritin apioside inhibited the inflammatory activity of RAW cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali O. E. Eltahir
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Kim L. Lategan
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of Western the Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (K.L.L.); (O.M.D.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Oladipupo M. David
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of Western the Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (K.L.L.); (O.M.D.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Edmund J. Pool
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of Western the Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (K.L.L.); (O.M.D.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Robert C. Luckay
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa;
| | - Ahmed A. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
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8
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Li X, Jin K, Cheng TC, Liao YC, Lee WJ, Bhullar AS, Chen LC, Rychahou P, Phelps MA, Ho YS, Guo P. RNA four-way junction (4WJ) for spontaneous cancer-targeting, effective tumor-regression, metastasis suppression, fast renal excretion and undetectable toxicity. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122432. [PMID: 38176263 PMCID: PMC10994150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The field of RNA therapeutics has been emerging as the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development. RNA nanoparticles have displayed motile and deformable properties to allow for high tumor accumulation with undetectable healthy organ accumulation. Therefore, RNA nanoparticles have the potential to serve as potent drug delivery vehicles with strong anti-cancer responses. Herein, we report the physicochemical basis for the rational design of a branched RNA four-way junction (4WJ) nanoparticle that results in advantageous high-thermostability and -drug payload for cancer therapy, including metastatic tumors in the lung. The 4WJ nanostructure displayed versatility through functionalization with an anti-cancer chemical drug, SN38, for the treatment of two different cancer models including colorectal cancer xenograft and orthotopic lung metastases of colon cancer. The resulting 4WJ RNA drug complex spontaneously targeted cancers effectively for cancer inhibition with and without ligands. The 4WJ displayed fast renal excretion, rapid body clearance, and little organ accumulation with undetectable toxicity and immunogenicity. The safety parameters were documented by organ histology, blood biochemistry, and pathological analysis. The highly efficient cancer inhibition, undetectable drug toxicity, and favorable Chemical, Manufacturing, and Control (CMC) production of RNA nanoparticles document a candidate with high potential for translation in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kai Jin
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abhjeet S Bhullar
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Department of Biological Science & Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yuan Soon Ho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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9
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Jin K, Liao YC, Cheng TC, Li X, Lee WJ, Pi F, Jasinski D, Chen LC, Phelps MA, Ho YS, Guo P. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Pathology and Safety Aspects of Three- and Four-Way Junction RNA Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:718-728. [PMID: 38214504 PMCID: PMC10976369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics has advanced into the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development, following chemical and protein therapeutics. RNA itself can serve as therapeutics, carriers, regulators, or substrates in drug development. Due to RNA's motile, dynamic, and deformable properties, RNA nanoparticles have demonstrated spontaneous targeting and accumulation in cancer vasculature and fast excretion through the kidney glomerulus to urine to prevent possible interactions with healthy organs. Furthermore, the negatively charged phosphate backbone of RNA results in general repulsion from negatively charged lipid cell membranes for further avoidance of vital organs. Thus, RNA nanoparticles can spontaneously enrich tumor vasculature and efficiently enter tumor cells via specific targeting, while those not entering the tumor tissue will clear from the body quickly. These favorable parameters have led to the expectation that RNA has low or little toxicity. RNA nanoparticles have been well characterized for their anticancer efficacy; however, little detail on RNA nanoparticle pathology and safety is known. Here, we report the in vitro and in vivo assessment of the pathology and safety aspects of different RNA nanoparticles including RNA three-way junction (3WJ) harboring 2'-F modified pyrimidine, folic acid, and Survivin siRNA, as well as the RNA four-way junction (4WJ) harboring 2'-F modified pyrimidine and 24 copies of SN38. Both animal models and patient serum were investigated. In vitro studies include hemolysis, platelet aggregation, complement activation, plasma coagulation, and interferon induction. In vivo studies include hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, hematological and biochemical analysis as the serum profiling, and animal organ weight study. No significant toxicity, side effect, or immune responses were detected during the extensive safety evaluations of RNA nanoparticles. These results further complement previous cancer inhibition studies and demonstrate RNA nanoparticles as an effective and safe drug delivery vehicle for future clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jin
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - You-Cheng Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Fengmei Pi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Daniel Jasinski
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Center for RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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10
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Xu J, Zhong X, Fan M, Xu Y, Xu Y, Wang S, Luo Z, Huang Y. Enhancing intracellular mRNA precise imaging-guided photothermal therapy with a nucleic acid-based polydopamine nanoprobe. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:849-859. [PMID: 38006441 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in cancer research, real-time monitoring and effective treatment of cancer through non-invasive techniques remain a challenge. Herein, a novel polydopamine (PDA) nucleic acid nanoprobe has been developed for imaging signal amplification of intracellular mRNA and precise photothermal therapy guidance in cancer cells. The PDA nucleic acid nanoprobe (PDA@DNA) is constructed by assembling an aptamer hairpin (H1) labeled with the Cy5 fluorophore and another nucleic acid recognition hairpin (H2) onto PDA nanoparticles (PDA NPs), which have exceptionally high fluorescence quenching ability and excellent photothermal conversion properties. The nanoprobe could facilitate cellular uptake of DNA molecules and their protection from nuclease degradation. Upon recognition and binding to the intracellular mRNA target, a catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction occurs. The stem of H1 unfolds upon binding, allowing the exposed H1 to hybridize with H2, forming a flat and sturdy DNA double-stranded structure that detaches from the surface of PDA NPs. At the same time, the target mRNA is displaced and engages in a new cyclic reaction, resulting in the recovery and significant amplification of Cy5 fluorescence. Using thymidine kinase1 (TK1) mRNA as a model mRNA, this nanoprobe enables the analysis of TK1 mRNA with a detection limit of 9.34 pM, which is at least two orders of magnitude lower than that of a non-amplifying imaging nucleic acid probe. Moreover, with its outstanding performance for in vitro detection, this nanoprobe excels in precisely imaging tumor cells. Through live-cell TK1 mRNA imaging, it can accurately distinguish between tumor cells and normal cells. Furthermore, when exposed to 808-nm laser irradiation, the nanoprobe fully harnesses exceptional photothermal conversion properties of PDA NPs. This results in a localized temperature increase within tumor cells, which ultimately triggers apoptosis in these tumor cells. The integration of PDA@DNA presents innovative prospects for tumor diagnosis and image-guided tumor therapy, offering the potential for high-precision diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Xu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Fan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulong Wang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihui Luo
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Kanarskaya MA, Pyshnyi DV, Lomzov AA. Diversity of Self-Assembled RNA Complexes: From Nanoarchitecture to Nanomachines. Molecules 2023; 29:10. [PMID: 38202593 PMCID: PMC10779776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
New tool development for various nucleic acid applications is an essential task in RNA nanotechnology. Here, we determined the ability of self-limited complex formation by a pair of oligoribonucleotides carrying two pairwise complementary blocks connected by a linker of different lengths in each chain. The complexes were analyzed using UV melting, gel shift assay analysis, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We have demonstrated the spontaneous formation of various self-limited and concatemer complexes. The linear concatemer complex is formed by a pair of oligomers without a linker in at least one of them. Longer linkers resulted in the formation of circular complexes. The self-limited complexes formation was confirmed using the toehold strand displacement. The MD simulations indicate the reliability of the complexes' structure and demonstrate their dynamics, which increase with the rise of complex size. The linearization of 2D circular complexes into 1D structures and a reverse cyclization process were demonstrated using a toehold-mediated approach. The approach proposed here for the construction and directed modification of the molecularity and shape of complexes will be a valuable tool in RNA nanotechnology, especially for the rational design of therapeutic nucleic acids with high target specificity and the programmable response of the immune system of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander A. Lomzov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (M.A.K.); (D.V.P.)
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12
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Shou J, Li S, Shi W, Zhang S, Zeng Z, Guo Z, Ye Z, Wen Z, Qiu H, Wang J, Zhou M. 3WJ RNA Nanoparticles-Aptamer Functionalized Exosomes From M2 Macrophages Target BMSCs to Promote the Healing of Bone Fractures. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:758-774. [PMID: 37740533 PMCID: PMC10630079 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to now, impaired bone regeneration severely affects the healing of bone fractures, thus bringing tremendous suffering to patients. As a vital mediator between inflammatory response and bone regeneration, M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-Exos) attenuate inflammation and promote tissue repair. However, due to a lack of specific targeting property, M2-Exos will be rapidly eliminated after systematic administration, thus compromising their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration. To solve this hurdle, we initially harvested and characterized the pro-osteogenic properties of M2-Exos. A bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-specific aptamer was synthesized and 3-way junction (3WJ) RNA nanoparticles were applied to conjugate the BMSC-specific aptamer and M2-Exos. In vitro assays revealed that M2-Exos bore the representative features of exosomes and significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. 3WJ RNA nanoparticles-aptamer functionalized M2-Exos (3WJ-BMSCapt/M2-Exos) maintained the original physical characteristics of M2-Exos, but bore a high specific binding ability to BMSCs. Furthermore, when being systemically administered in the mice model with femoral bone fractures, these functionalized M2-Exos mainly accumulated at the bone fracture site with a slow release of exosomal cargo, thereby significantly accelerating the healing processes compared with the M2-Exos group. Our study indicated that the 3WJ-BMSCapt/M2-Exos with BMSCs targeting ability and controlled release would be a promising strategy to treat bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Shou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zecong Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziming Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuohao Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiguo Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
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13
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Ma X, Zhang Y, Huang K, Zhu L, Xu W. Multifunctional rolling circle transcription-based nanomaterials for advanced drug delivery. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122241. [PMID: 37451000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
As the up-and-comer in the development of RNA nanotechnology, RNA nanomaterials based on functionalized rolling circle transcription (RCT) have become promising carriers for drug production and delivery. This is due to RCT technology can self-produce polyvalent tandem nucleic acid prodrugs for intervention in intracellular gene expression and protein production. RNA component strands participating in de novo assembly enable RCT-based nanomaterials to exhibit good mechanical properties, biostability, and biocompatibility as delivery carriers. The biostability makes it to suitable for thermodynamically/kinetically favorable assembly, enzyme resistance and efficient expression in vivo. Controllable RCT system combined with polymers enables customizable and adjustable size, shape, structure, and stoichiometry of RNA building materials, which provide groundwork for the delivery of advanced drugs. Here, we review the assembly strategies and the dynamic regulation of RCT-based nanomaterials, summarize its functional properties referring to the bottom-up design philosophy, and describe its advancements in tumor gene therapy, synergistic chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Last, we elaborate on the unique and practical value of RCT-based nanomaterials, namely "self-production and self-sale", and their potential challenges in nanotechnology, material science and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yangzi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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14
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Liao YC, Cheng TC, Tu SH, Chang J, Guo P, Chen LC, Ho YS. Tumor targeting and therapeutic assessments of RNA nanoparticles carrying α9-nAChR aptamer and anti-miR-21 in triple-negative breast cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:351-366. [PMID: 37547295 PMCID: PMC10400867 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive with a poor prognosis because of a lack of cell markers as drug targets. α9-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is expressed abundantly in TNBC; thus, it is a valuable biomarker for TNBC detection and treatment. In this study, we utilized thermodynamically stable three-way junction (3WJ) packaging RNA (pRNA) as the core to construct RNA nanoparticles with an α9-nAChR RNA aptamer as a targeting ligand and an anti-microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a therapeutic module. We compared the configuration of the two RNA nanoparticles and found that 3WJ-B-α9-nAChR-aptamer fluorescent RNA nanoparticles (3WJ-B-α9-apt-Alexa) exhibited better specificity for α9-nAChR in TNBC cells compared with 3WJ-C-α9-nAChR. Furthermore, 3WJ-B-α9-apt-Alexa bound more efficiently to TNBC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors than 3WJ fluorescent RNA nanoparticles (3WJ-Alexa) with little or no accumulation in healthy organs after systemic injection in mice. Moreover, 3WJ-B-α9-nAChR-aptamer RNA nanoparticles carrying anti-miR-21 (3WJ-B-α9-apt-anti-miR-21) significantly suppressed TNBC-PDX tumor growth and induced cell apoptosis because of reduced miR-21 gene expression and upregulated the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) proteins. In addition, no pathological changes were detected upon toxicity examination of treated mice. In conclusion, the 3WJ-B-α9-nAChR-aptamer RNA nanoparticles established in this study efficiently deliver therapeutic anti-miR-21, indicating their potential as a novel TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110031, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110031, Taiwan
- International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110031, Taiwan
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Department of Biological Science & Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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15
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Siddika MA, Oi H, Hidaka K, Sugiyama H, Endo M, Matsumura S, Ikawa Y. Structural Expansion of Catalytic RNA Nanostructures through Oligomerization of a Cyclic Trimer of Engineered Ribozymes. Molecules 2023; 28:6465. [PMID: 37764241 PMCID: PMC10535472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The multimolecular assembly of three-dimensionally structured proteins forms their quaternary structures, some of which have high geometric symmetry. The size and complexity of protein quaternary structures often increase in a hierarchical manner, with simpler, smaller structures serving as units for larger quaternary structures. In this study, we exploited oligomerization of a ribozyme cyclic trimer to achieve larger ribozyme-based RNA assembly. By installing kissing loop (KL) interacting units to one-, two-, or three-unit RNA molecules in the ribozyme trimer, we constructed dimers, open-chain oligomers, and branched oligomers of ribozyme trimer units. One type of open-chain oligomer preferentially formed a closed tetramer containing 12 component RNAs to provide 12 ribozyme units. We also observed large assembly of ribozyme trimers, which reached 1000 nm in size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst. Ayesha Siddika
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan (S.M.)
| | - Hiroki Oi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kumi Hidaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (H.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Masayuki Endo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (H.S.); (M.E.)
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Matsumura
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan (S.M.)
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ikawa
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan (S.M.)
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Toyama, Japan
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16
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Ma H, Xing F, Zhou Y, Yu P, Luo R, Xu J, Xiang Z, Rommens PM, Duan X, Ritz U. Design and fabrication of intracellular therapeutic cargo delivery systems based on nanomaterials: current status and future perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7873-7912. [PMID: 37551112 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01008b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular cargo delivery, the introduction of small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids into a specific targeted site in a biological system, is an important strategy for deciphering cell function, directing cell fate, and reprogramming cell behavior. With the advancement of nanotechnology, many researchers use nanoparticles (NPs) to break through biological barriers to achieving efficient targeted delivery in biological systems, bringing a new way to realize efficient targeted drug delivery in biological systems. With a similar size to many biomolecules, NPs possess excellent physical and chemical properties and a certain targeting ability after functional modification on the surface of NPs. Currently, intracellular cargo delivery based on NPs has emerged as an important strategy for genome editing regimens and cell therapy. Although researchers can successfully deliver NPs into biological systems, many of them are delivered very inefficiently and are not specifically targeted. Hence, the development of efficient, target-capable, and safe nanoscale drug delivery systems to deliver therapeutic substances to cells or organs is a major challenge today. In this review, on the basis of describing the research overview and classification of NPs, we focused on the current research status of intracellular cargo delivery based on NPs in biological systems, and discuss the current problems and challenges in the delivery process of NPs in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuxi Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Ludwigstraße 23, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peiyun Yu
- LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rong Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pol Maria Rommens
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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17
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Bohmer M, Bhullar AS, Weitao T, Zhang L, Lee JH, Guo P. Revolving hexameric ATPases as asymmetric motors to translocate double-stranded DNA genome along one strand. iScience 2023; 26:106922. [PMID: 37305704 PMCID: PMC10250835 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
DsDNA translocation through nanoscale pores is generally accomplished by ATPase biomotors. The discovery of the revolving dsDNA translocation mechanism, as opposed to rotation, in bacteriophage phi29 elucidated how ATPase motors move dsDNA. Revolution-driven, hexameric dsDNA motors have been reported in herpesvirus, bacterial FtsK, Streptomyces TraB, and T7 phage. This review explores the common relationship between their structure and mechanisms. Commonalities include moving along the 5'→3' strand, inchworm sequential action leading to an asymmetrical structure, channel chirality, channel size, and 3-step channel gating for controlling motion direction. The revolving mechanism and contact with one of the dsDNA strands addresses the historic controversy of dsDNA packaging using nicked, gapped, hybrid, or chemically modified DNA. These controversies surrounding dsDNA packaging activity using modified materials can be answered by whether the modification was introduced into the 3'→5' or 5'→3' strand. Perspectives concerning solutions to the controversy of motor structure and stoichiometry are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Bohmer
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Abhjeet S. Bhullar
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, College of Art and Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tao Weitao
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jing-Huei Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, College of Art and Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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18
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Kurakula H, Vaishnavi S, Sharif MY, Ellipilli S. Emergence of Small Interfering RNA-Based Gene Drugs for Various Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20234-20250. [PMID: 37323391 PMCID: PMC10268023 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule, peptide, and protein-based drugs have been developed over decades to treat various diseases. The importance of gene therapy as an alternative to traditional drugs has increased after the discovery of gene-based drugs such as Gendicine for cancer and Neovasculgen for peripheral artery disease. Since then, the pharma sector is focusing on developing gene-based drugs for various diseases. After the discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism, the development of siRNA-based gene therapy has been accelerated immensely. siRNA-based treatment for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR) using Onpattro and acute hepatic porphyria (AHP) by Givlaari and three more FDA-approved siRNA drugs has set up a milestone and further improved the confidence for the development of gene therapeutics for a spectrum of diseases. siRNA-based gene drugs have more advantages over other gene therapies and are under study to treat different types of diseases such as viral infections, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and many more. However, there are a few bottlenecks to realizing the full potential of siRNA-based gene therapy. They include chemical instability, nontargeted biodistribution, undesirable innate immune responses, and off-target effects. This review provides a comprehensive view of siRNA-based gene drugs: challenges associated with siRNA delivery, their potential, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Kurakula
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Swetha Vaishnavi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Mohammed Yaseen Sharif
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Satheesh Ellipilli
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
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19
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Ellipilli S, Wang H, Binzel DW, Shu D, Guo P. Ligand-displaying-exosomes using RNA nanotechnology for targeted delivery of multi-specific drugs for liver cancer regression. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 50:102667. [PMID: 36948369 PMCID: PMC10413411 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poorly responds to chemotherapeutics as there are no effective means to deliver the drugs to liver cancer. Here we report GalNAc decorated exosomes as cargo for targeted delivery of Paclitaxel (PTX) and miR122 to liver tumors as an effective means to inhibit the HCC. Exosomes (Exos) are nanosized extracellular vesicles that deliver a payload to cancer cells effectively. GalNAc provides Exos targeting ability by binding to the asialoglycoprotein-receptor (ASGP-R) overexpressed on the liver cancer cell surface. A 4-way junction (4WJ) RNA nanoparticle was constructed to harbor 24 copies of hydrophobic PTX and 1 copy of miR122. The 4WJ RNA-PTX complex was loaded into the Exos, and its surface was decorated with GalNAc using RNA nanotechnology to obtain specific targeting. The multi-specific Exos selectively bind and efficiently delivered the payload into the liver cancer cells and exhibited the highest cancer cell inhibition due to the multi-specific effect of miR122, PTX, GalNAc, and Exos. The same was reflected in mice xenograft studies, the liver cancer was efficiently inhibited after systemic injection of the multi-specific Exos. The required effective dose of chemical drugs carried by Exos was significantly reduced, indicating high efficiency and low toxicity. The multi-specific strategy demonstrates that Exos can serve as a natural cargo vehicle for the targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics to treat difficult-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Ellipilli
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel W Binzel
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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20
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Liao W, Du J, Li L, Wu X, Chen X, Feng Q, Xu L, Chen X, Liao M, Huang J, Yuan K, Zeng Y. CircZNF215 promotes tumor growth and metastasis through inactivation of the PTEN/AKT pathway in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:125. [PMID: 37198696 PMCID: PMC10193609 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows that circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of noncoding RNAs, play a crucial role in the development of cancers, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Nevertheless, their functions and exact mechanisms in iCCA progression and metastasis are still unclear. Ipatasertib is a highly selective inhibitor of AKT that inhibits tumor growth by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) can also inhibit the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, but it is not clear whether the cZNF215-PRDX-PTEN axis plays a role in the antitumor activity of ipatasertib. METHODS We identified a new circRNA (circZNF215, termed cZNF215) through high-throughput circRNA sequencing (circRNA-seq). In addition, RT‒qPCR, immunoblot assay, RNA pull-down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay (FISH) were used to investigate the interaction of cZNF215 with peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1). Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays and duolink in situ proximity ligation assays (PLAs) were conducted to analyze the effects of cZNF215 on the interaction between PRDX1 and PTEN. Finally, we tested the potential effects of cZNF215 on the antitumor activity of ipatasertib with in vivo experiments. RESULTS We found that cZNF215 expression was obviously upregulated in iCCA tissues with postoperative metastases and was correlated with iCCA metastasis and poor outcome in patients with iCCA. We further revealed that overexpression of cZNF215 promoted iCCA cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo, while cZNF215 knockdown had the opposite effect. Mechanistic studies suggested that cZNF215 competitively interacted with PRDX1, which blocked the association between PRDX1 and PTEN, subsequently leading to oxidation-induced inactivation of the PTEN/AKT pathway and finally contributing to iCCA progression and metastasis. Additionally, we also revealed that silencing cZNF215 in iCCA cells had the potential to enhance the antitumor effect of ipatasertib. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that cZNF215 facilitates iCCA progression and metastasis by regulating the PTEN/AKT pathway and may serve as a novel prognostic predictor in patients with iCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Liao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lian Li
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianquan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingheng Liao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiwei Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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21
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Uddin N, Binzel DW, Shu D, Fu TM, Guo P. Targeted delivery of RNAi to cancer cells using RNA-ligand displaying exosome. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1383-1399. [PMID: 37139430 PMCID: PMC10149909 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosome is an excellent vesicle for in vivo delivery of therapeutics, including RNAi and chemical drugs. The extremely high efficiency in cancer regression can partly be attributed to its fusion mechanism in delivering therapeutics to cytosol without endosome trapping. However, being composed of a lipid-bilayer membrane without specific recognition capacity for aimed-cells, the entry into nonspecific cells can lead to potential side-effects and toxicity. Applying engineering approaches for targeting-capacity to deliver therapeutics to specific cells is desirable. Techniques with chemical modification in vitro and genetic engineering in cells have been reported to decorate exosomes with targeting ligands. RNA nanoparticles have been used to harbor tumor-specific ligands displayed on exosome surface. The negative charge reduces nonspecific binding to vital cells with negatively charged lipid-membrane due to the electrostatic repulsion, thus lowering the side-effect and toxicity. In this review, we focus on the uniqueness of RNA nanoparticles for exosome surface display of chemical ligands, small peptides or RNA aptamers, for specific cancer targeting to deliver anticancer therapeutics, highlighting recent advances in targeted delivery of siRNA and miRNA that overcomes the previous RNAi delivery roadblocks. Proper understanding of exosome engineering with RNA nanotechnology promises efficient therapies for a wide range of cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Uddin
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniel W. Binzel
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tian-Min Fu
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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22
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Langlois NI, Ma KY, Clark HA. Nucleic acid nanostructures for in vivo applications: The influence of morphology on biological fate. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 10:011304. [PMID: 36874908 PMCID: PMC9869343 DOI: 10.1063/5.0121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of programmable biomaterials for use in nanofabrication represents a major advance for the future of biomedicine and diagnostics. Recent advances in structural nanotechnology using nucleic acids have resulted in dramatic progress in our understanding of nucleic acid-based nanostructures (NANs) for use in biological applications. As the NANs become more architecturally and functionally diverse to accommodate introduction into living systems, there is a need to understand how critical design features can be controlled to impart desired performance in vivo. In this review, we survey the range of nucleic acid materials utilized as structural building blocks (DNA, RNA, and xenonucleic acids), the diversity of geometries for nanofabrication, and the strategies to functionalize these complexes. We include an assessment of the available and emerging characterization tools used to evaluate the physical, mechanical, physiochemical, and biological properties of NANs in vitro. Finally, the current understanding of the obstacles encountered along the in vivo journey is contextualized to demonstrate how morphological features of NANs influence their biological fates. We envision that this summary will aid researchers in the designing novel NAN morphologies, guide characterization efforts, and design of experiments and spark interdisciplinary collaborations to fuel advancements in programmable platforms for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole I. Langlois
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kristine Y. Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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23
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Zhao M, Wang R, Yang K, Jiang Y, Peng Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ding J, Shi S. Nucleic acid nanoassembly-enhanced RNA therapeutics and diagnosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:916-941. [PMID: 36970219 PMCID: PMC10031267 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAs are involved in the crucial processes of disease progression and have emerged as powerful therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. However, efficient delivery of therapeutic RNA to the targeted location and precise detection of RNA markers remains challenging. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to applying nucleic acid nanoassemblies in diagnosing and treating. Due to the flexibility and deformability of nucleic acids, the nanoassemblies could be fabricated with different shapes and structures. With hybridization, nucleic acid nanoassemblies, including DNA and RNA nanostructures, can be applied to enhance RNA therapeutics and diagnosis. This review briefly introduces the construction and properties of different nucleic acid nanoassemblies and their applications for RNA therapy and diagnosis and makes further prospects for their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kunmeng Yang
- The First Norman Bethune College of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yachen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yuke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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24
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Circular RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2023; 553:215980. [PMID: 36336149 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common primary biliary malignancy with an adverse prognosis. Although its incidence is relatively low, early diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms. Current treatment options for CCA are limited, resulting in a low curative rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have become a new research hotspot in recent years, and they are frequently dysregulated in CCA and may become therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers of CCA. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that numerous dysregulated circRNAs are vital players in the etiopathogenesis of CCA. Aberrant expression of specific circRNAs was correlated with unfavourable clinical characteristics in CCA. Many studies have found that circRNAs are involved in the progression and development of CCA through various mechanisms, including competitive inhibition of miRNAs via the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, interaction with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), activation of cancer-related signalling pathways, and regulation of proteins and peptides. Additionally, some circRNAs are involved in the inflammatory microenvironment of CCA and play a crucial role in chemotherapy drug resistance. Thus, they are essential for the early diagnosis and prediction of CCA, and more attention should be given to the roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in CCA. In this review, we summarize the abnormal expression of circRNAs in CCA and the specific inflammatory microenvironment involved, as well as the roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of CCA. We also review the latest knowle dge on circRNAs in CCA and discuss the challenges associated with the introduction of circRNAs into clinical practice and their potential clinical value.
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25
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Han J, Sheng T, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Gao J, Yu J, Gu Z. Bioresponsive Immunotherapeutic Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2209778. [PMID: 36639983 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The human immune system is an interaction network of biological processes, and its dysfunction is closely associated with a wide array of diseases, such as cancer, infectious diseases, tissue damage, and autoimmune diseases. Manipulation of the immune response network in a desired and controlled fashion has been regarded as a promising strategy for maximizing immunotherapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects. Integration of "smart" bioresponsive materials with immunoactive agents including small molecules, biomacromolecules, and cells can achieve on-demand release of agents at targeted sites to reduce overdose-related toxicity and alleviate off-target effects. This review highlights the design principles of bioresponsive immunotherapeutic materials and discusses the critical roles of controlled release of immunoactive agents from bioresponsive materials in recruiting, housing, and manipulating immune cells for evoking desired immune responses. Challenges and future directions from the perspective of clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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26
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Zhu L, Luo J, Ren K. Nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers for gene therapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:261-279. [PMID: 36524395 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanotechnology is a powerful tool in the fields of biosensing and nanomedicine owing to their high editability and easy synthesis and modification. Artificial nucleic acid nanostructures have become an emerging research hotspot as gene carriers with low cytotoxicity and immunogenicity for therapeutic approaches. In this review, recent progress in the design and functional mechanisms of nucleic acid-based artificial nano-vectors especially for exogenous siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide delivery is summarized. Different types of DNA nanocarriers, including DNA junctions, tetrahedrons, origami, hydrogels and scaffolds, are introduced. The enhanced targeting strategies to improve the delivery efficacy are demonstrated. Furthermore, RNA based gene nanocarrier systems by self-assembly of short strands, rolling circle transcription, chemical crosslinking and using RNA motifs and DNA-RNA hybrids are demonstrated. Finally, the outlook and potential challenges are highlighted. The nucleic acid-based artificial nanocarriers offer a promising and precise tool for gene delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Kewei Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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27
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Torres-Huerta AL, Antonio-Pérez A, García-Huante Y, Alcázar-Ramírez NJ, Rueda-Silva JC. Biomolecule-Based Optical Metamaterials: Design and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:962. [PMID: 36354471 PMCID: PMC9688573 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials are broadly defined as artificial, electromagnetically homogeneous structures that exhibit unusual physical properties that are not present in nature. They possess extraordinary capabilities to bend electromagnetic waves. Their size, shape and composition can be engineered to modify their characteristics, such as iridescence, color shift, absorbance at different wavelengths, etc., and harness them as biosensors. Metamaterial construction from biological sources such as carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids represents a low-cost alternative, rendering high quantities and yields. In addition, the malleability of these biomaterials makes it possible to fabricate an endless number of structured materials such as composited nanoparticles, biofilms, nanofibers, quantum dots, and many others, with very specific, invaluable and tremendously useful optical characteristics. The intrinsic characteristics observed in biomaterials make them suitable for biomedical applications. This review addresses the optical characteristics of metamaterials obtained from the major macromolecules found in nature: carbohydrates, proteins and DNA, highlighting their biosensor field use, and pointing out their physical properties and production paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Torres-Huerta
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Aurora Antonio-Pérez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Yolanda García-Huante
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Nayelhi Julieta Alcázar-Ramírez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Rueda-Silva
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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Chandler M, Jain S, Halman J, Hong E, Dobrovolskaia MA, Zakharov AV, Afonin KA. Artificial Immune Cell, AI-cell, a New Tool to Predict Interferon Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Response to Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204941. [PMID: 36216772 PMCID: PMC9671856 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanoparticles, or NANPs, rationally designed to communicate with the human immune system, can offer innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome the limitations of traditional nucleic acid therapies. Each set of NANPs is unique in their architectural parameters and physicochemical properties, which together with the type of delivery vehicles determine the kind and the magnitude of their immune response. Currently, there are no predictive tools that would reliably guide the design of NANPs to the desired immunological outcome, a step crucial for the success of personalized therapies. Through a systematic approach investigating physicochemical and immunological profiles of a comprehensive panel of various NANPs, the research team developes and experimentally validates a computational model based on the transformer architecture able to predict the immune activities of NANPs. It is anticipated that the freely accessible computational tool that is called an "artificial immune cell," or AI-cell, will aid in addressing the current critical public health challenges related to safety criteria of nucleic acid therapies in a timely manner and promote the development of novel biomedical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Chandler
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Sankalp Jain
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Justin Halman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Enping Hong
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Marina A. Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alexey V. Zakharov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Kirill A. Afonin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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Liu F, Liu L, Liu D, Wei P, Feng W, Yi T. An excipient-free "sugar-coated bullet" for the targeted treatment of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10815-10823. [PMID: 36320701 PMCID: PMC9491303 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03365h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several components of traditional nanoformulations that result in structural heterogeneity, poor reproducibility, excipient-trigged biotoxicity, and low retention of antitumor drugs in neoplastic foci are important barriers limiting clinical translation. We report an excipient-free nanoformulation prepared by a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive amphiphilic prodrug (Gal-MB-DOX) for the targeted treatment of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gal-MB-DOX can form monocomponent nanoparticles with a galactose-rich surface similar to a "sugar-coated bullet" through self-assembly in aqueous solution. This nanoformulation can be decomposed quickly by ROS and release free hydrophobic drugs that further precipitate into larger particles, potentially promoting the retention of drugs in tumor cells. These sugar-coated bullets selectively target tumor cells through passive and active targeting, resulting in high in vivo therapeutic efficacy in an orthotopic HCC mouse model. This monocomponent nanomedicine system provides a simple but effective strategy for the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Donghua University Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Dongya Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Peng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Donghua University Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Donghua University Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Shanghai 201620 China
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Ellipilli S, Wang H, Lee WJ, Shu D, Guo P. Proof-of-concept for speedy development of rapid and simple at-home method for potential diagnosis of early COVID-19 mutant infections using nanogold and aptamer. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 45:102590. [PMID: 35905841 PMCID: PMC9315840 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The positive single-stranded nature of COVID-19 mRNA led to the low proof-reading efficacy for its genome authentication. Thus mutant covid-19 strains have been rapidly evolving. Besides Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants, currently, subvariants of omicron are circulating, including BA.4, BA.5, and BA.2.12.1. Therefore, the speedy development of a rapid, simple, and easier diagnosis method to deal with new mutant covid viral infection is critically important. Many diagnosis methods have been developed for COVID-19 detection such as RT-PCR and antibodies detection. However, the former is time-consuming, laborious, and expensive, and the latter relies on the production of antibodies making it not suitable for the early diagnosis of viral infection. Many lateral-flow methods are available but might not be suitable for detecting the mutants, Here we proved the concept for the speedy development of a simple, rapid, and cost-effective early at-home diagnosis method for mutant Covid-19 infection by combining a new aptamer. The idea is to use the current lateral flow Covid-19 diagnosis system available in the market or to use one existing antibody for the Lateral Flow Nitrocellulose filter. To prove the concept, the DNA aptamer specific to spike proteins (S-proteins) was conjugated to gold nanoparticles and served as a detection probe. An antibody that is specific to spike proteins overexpressed on COVID viral particles was used as a second probe immobilized to the nitrocellulose membrane. The aptamer conjugated nanoparticles were incubated with spike proteins for half an hour and tested for their ability to bind to antibodies anchored on the nitrocellulose membrane. The gold nanoparticles were visualized on the nitrocellulose membrane due to interaction between the antigen (S-protein) with both the aptamer and the antibody. Thus, the detection of viral antigen can be obtained within 2 h, with a cost of less than $5 for the diagnosis reagent. In the future, as long as the mutant of the newly emerged viral surface protein is reported, a peptide or protein corresponding to the mutation can be produced by peptide synthesis or gene cloning within several days. An RNA or DNA aptamer can be generated quickly via SELEX. A gold-labeled aptamer specific to spike proteins (S-proteins) will serve as a detection probe. Any available lateral-flow diagnosis kits with an immobilized antibody that has been available on the market, or simply an antibody that binds COVID-19 virus might be used as a second probe immobilized on the nitrocellulose. The diagnosis method can be carried out by patients at home if a clinical trial verifies the feasibility and specificity of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Ellipilli
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Mg2+ Ions Regulating 3WJ-PRNA to Construct Controllable RNA Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Platforms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071413. [PMID: 35890308 PMCID: PMC9320661 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA nanotechnology has shown great progress over the past decade. Diverse controllable and multifunctional RNA nanoparticles have been developed for various applications in many areas. For example, RNA nanoparticles can participate in the construction of drug delivery nanoplatforms. Recently, a three-way junction packaging RNA (3WJ-pRNA) has been exploited for its characteristics of self-assembly and ultrahigh stability in many aspects. 3WJ-pRNA is the 3WJ part of bacteriophage φ29 pRNA and joins different components of φ29 as a linker element. In this work, we used all-atom MD simulation to study the thermal stability of 3WJ-pRNA and the underlying mechanisms. While 3WJ-pRNA can remain in its original structure without Mg2+ ions at room temperature, only Mg-bound 3WJ-pRNA still maintains its initial three-way junction structure at a higher temperature (T = 400 K). The Mg-free 3WJ-pRNA undergoes dramatic deformation under high temperature condition. The contribution of Mg ions can be largely attributed to the protective effect of two Mg clamps on the hydrogen bond and base stacking interactions in helices. Taken together, our results reveal the extraordinary thermal stability of 3WJ-pRNA, which can be regulated by Mg2+ ions. Comprehensive depictions of thermal stability of pRNA and the regulation mechanism are helpful for the further development of controllable RNA nanoparticle drug delivery platforms.
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Li X, Bhullar AS, Binzel DW, Guo P. The dynamic, motile and deformative properties of RNA nanoparticles facilitate the third milestone of drug development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114316. [PMID: 35526663 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Besides mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA, cells contain many other noncoding RNA that display critical roles in the regulation of cellular functions. Human genome sequencing revealed that the majority of non-protein-coding DNA actually codes for non-coding RNAs. The dynamic nature of RNA results in its motile and deformative behavior. These conformational transitions such as the change of base-pairing, breathing within complemented strands, and pseudoknot formation at the 2D level as well as the induced-fit and conformational capture at the 3D level are important for their biological functions including regulation, translation, and catalysis. The dynamic, motile and catalytic activity has led to a belief that RNA is the origin of life. We have recently reported that the deformative property of RNA nanoparticles enhances their penetration through the leaky blood vessel of cancers which leads to highly efficient tumor accumulation. This special deformative property also enables RNA nanoparticles to pass the glomerulus, overcoming the filtration size limit, resulting in fast renal excretion and rapid body clearance, thus low or no toxicity. The biodistribution of RNA nanoparticles can be further improved by the incorporation of ligands for cancer targeting. In addition to the favorable biodistribution profiles, RNA nanoparticles possess other properties including self-assembly, negative charge, programmability, and multivalency; making it a great material for pharmaceutical applications. The intrinsic negative charge of RNA nanoparticles decreases the toxicity of drugs by preventing nonspecific binding to the negative charged cell membrane and enhancing the solubility of hydrophobic drugs. The polyvalent property of RNA nanoparticles allows the multi-functionalization which can apply to overcome drug resistance. This review focuses on the summary of these unique properties of RNA nanoparticles, which describes the mechanism of RNA dynamic, motile and deformative properties, and elucidates and prepares to welcome the RNA therapeutics as the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Abhjeet S Bhullar
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, College of Art and Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Daniel W Binzel
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
| | - Peixuan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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Hu D, Wu D, Lu Y, Liu J, Guo Z, Wang S, Zhai C, Qing Z, Hu Y. Protonation-induced DNA conformational-change dominated electrochemical platform for glucose oxidase and urease analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1226:340164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pang X, Zhang Q, Li S, Zhao J, Cai M, Wang H, Xu H, Yang G, Shan Y. Spatiotemporal tracking of the transport of RNA nano-drugs: from transmembrane to intracellular delivery. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8919-8928. [PMID: 35699091 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The popularity of RNA nanoparticles (RNPs) has risen rapidly during the past decade due to the development of RNA nanotechnology. Understanding the fast dynamic process of cell entry and intracellular delivery of RNPs is essential for the design of intelligent therapeutic RNA nano-drugs and mRNA vaccines.How the interaction between the membrane and target ligand of RNPs influences the cell entry, and how the dynamic mechanism of RNPs takes place in different organelles remain ill-defined. Herein, the cell entry of Antimir21-RNP-Apt is monitored using a force tracing technique with a high spatiotemporal resolution at the single particle level, the specific interaction of Apt and EGFR promotes the cell entry efficiency and achieves long-lasting curative effects. Furthermore, the intracellular delivery pathway through different organelles is discovered using fluorescence tracking, and the low motility in early endosomes and the high motility in late endosomes are analyzed. This report provides key strategies for engineering RNA nanomedicines and facilitating clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Pang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Qingrong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Siying Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Mingjun Cai
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haijiao Xu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Guocheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuping Shan
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
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Zhang S, Cheng Y, Guo P, Chen SJ. VfoldMCPX: predicting multistrand RNA complexes. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 28:596-608. [PMID: 35058350 PMCID: PMC8925972 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079020.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multistrand RNA complexes play a critical role in RNA-related biological processes. The understanding of RNA functions and the rational design of RNA nanostructures require accurate prediction of the structure and folding stability of the complexes, including those containing pseudoknots. Here, we present VfoldMCPX, a new model for predicting two-dimensional (2D) structures and folding stabilities of multistrand RNA complexes. Based on a partition function-based algorithm combined with physical loop free energy parameters, the VfoldMCPX model predicts not only the native structure but also the folding stability of the complex. An important advantage of the model is the ability to treat pseudoknotted structures. Extensive tests on structure predictions show the VfoldMCPX model provides improved accuracy for multistranded RNA complexes, especially for RNA complexes with three or more strands and/or containing pseudoknots. We have developed a freely accessible VfoldMCPX web server at http://rna.physics.missouri.edu/vfoldMCPX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Physics, Department of Biochemistry, and Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Physics, Department of Biochemistry, and Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Shi-Jie Chen
- Department of Physics, Department of Biochemistry, and Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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36
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Shen MJ, Wang CY, Hao DX, Hao JX, Zhu YF, Han XX, Tonggu L, Chen JH, Jiao K, Tay FR, Niu LN. Multifunctional Nanomachinery for Enhancement of Bone Healing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107924. [PMID: 34850469 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The visionary idea that RNA adopts nonbiological roles in today's nanomaterial world has been nothing short of phenomenal. These RNA molecules have ample chemical functionality and self-assemble to form distinct nanostructures in response to external stimuli. They may be combined with inorganic materials to produce nanomachines that carry cargo to a target site in a controlled manner and respond dynamically to environmental changes. Comparable to biological cells, programmed RNA nanomachines have the potential to replicate bone healing in vitro. Here, an RNA-biomineral nanomachine is developed, which accomplishes intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization of collagen scaffolds to mimic bone formation in vitro. Molecular dynamics simulation indicates that noncovalent hydrogen bonding provides the energy source that initiates self-assembly of these nanomachines. Incorporation of the RNA-biomineral nanomachines into collagen scaffolds in vivo creates an osteoinductive microenvironment within a bone defect that is conducive to rapid biomineralization and osteogenesis. Addition of RNA-degrading enzymes into RNA-biomineral nanomachines further creates a stop signal that inhibits unwarranted bone formation in tissues. The potential of RNA in building functional nanostructures has been underestimated in the past. The concept of RNA-biomineral nanomachines participating in physiological processes may transform the nanoscopic world of life science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Juan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Dong-Xiao Hao
- Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi-Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lige Tonggu
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Xie Y, Fang Z, Yang W, He Z, Chen K, Heng P, Wang B, Zhou X. 6-Iodopurine as a Versatile Building Block for RNA Purine Architecture Modifications. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:353-362. [PMID: 35119264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural modified bases in RNA were found to be indispensable for basic biological processes. In addition, artificial RNA modifications have been a versatile toolbox for the study of RNA interference, structure, and dynamics. Here, we present a chemical method for the facile synthesis of RNA containing C6-modified purine. 6-Iodopurine, as a postsynthetic building block with high reactivity, was used for metal-free construction of C-N, C-O, and C-S bonds under mild conditions and C-C bond formation by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. Our strategy provides a convenient approach for the synthesis of various RNA modifications, especially for oligonucleotides containing specific structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhentian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Panpan Heng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Afonin KA, Dobrovolskaia MA, Ke W, Grodzinski P, Bathe M. Critical review of nucleic acid nanotechnology to identify gaps and inform a strategy for accelerated clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114081. [PMID: 34915069 PMCID: PMC8886801 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
With numerous recent advances, the field of therapeutic nucleic acid nanotechnology is now poised for clinical translation supported by several examples of FDA-approved nucleic acid nanoformulations including two recent mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. Within this rapidly growing field, a new subclass of nucleic acid therapeutics called nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) has emerged in recent years, which offers several unique properties distinguishing it from traditional therapeutic nucleic acids. Key unique aspects of NANPs include their well-defined 3D structure, their tunable multivalent architectures, and their ability to incorporate conditional activations of therapeutic targeting and release functions that enable diagnosis and therapy of cancer, regulation of blood coagulation disorders, as well as the development of novel vaccines, immunotherapies, and gene therapies. However, non-consolidated research developments of this highly interdisciplinary field create crucial barriers that must be overcome in order to impact a broader range of clinical indications. Forming a consortium framework for nucleic acid nanotechnology would prioritize and consolidate translational efforts, offer several unifying solutions to expedite their transition from bench-to-bedside, and potentially decrease the socio-economic burden on patients for a range of conditions. Herein, we review the unique properties of NANPs in the context of therapeutic applications and discuss their associated translational challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Weina Ke
- Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Piotr Grodzinski
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Qu N, Ying Y, Qin J, Chen AK. Rational design of self-assembled RNA nanostructures for HIV-1 virus assembly blockade. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 50:e44. [PMID: 34967412 PMCID: PMC9071489 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathological processes are driven by RNA-protein interactions, making such interactions promising targets for molecular interventions. HIV-1 assembly is one such process, in which the viral genomic RNA interacts with the viral Gag protein and serves as a scaffold to drive Gag multimerization that ultimately leads to formation of a virus particle. Here, we develop self-assembled RNA nanostructures that can inhibit HIV-1 virus assembly, achieved through hybridization of multiple artificial small RNAs with a stem-loop structure (STL) that we identify as a prominent ligand of Gag that can inhibit virus particle production via STL-Gag interactions. The resulting STL-decorated nanostructures (double and triple stem-loop structures denoted as Dumbbell and Tribell, respectively) can elicit more pronounced viral blockade than their building blocks, with the inhibition arising as a result of nanostructures interfering with Gag multimerization. These findings could open up new avenues for RNA-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yachen Ying
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinshan Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Antony K Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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40
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Arshad R, Fatima I, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Karamzadeh-Jahromi M, Pandey S, Díez-Pascual AM, Bilal M. Novel Perspectives towards RNA-Based Nano-Theranostic Approaches for Cancer Management. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3330. [PMID: 34947679 PMCID: PMC8708502 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the fight against cancer, early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment. Traditional cancer diagnostic technologies, on the other hand, have limitations that make early detection difficult. Therefore, multi-functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) and nano-biosensors have revolutionized the era of cancer diagnosis and treatment for targeted action via attaching specified and biocompatible ligands to target the tissues, which are highly over-expressed in certain types of cancers. Advancements in multi-functionalized NPs can be achieved via modifying molecular genetics to develop personalized and targeted treatments based on RNA interference. Modification in RNA therapies utilized small RNA subunits in the form of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) for overexpressing the specific genes of, most commonly, breast, colon, gastric, cervical, and hepatocellular cancer. RNA-conjugated nanomaterials appear to be the gold standard for preventing various malignant tumors through focused diagnosis and delivering to a specific tissue, resulting in cancer cells going into programmed death. The latest advances in RNA nanotechnology applications for cancer diagnosis and treatment are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Arshad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Iqra Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran
| | | | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, China;
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41
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Chandler M, Johnson B, Khisamutdinov E, Dobrovolskaia MA, Sztuba-Solinska J, Salem AK, Breyne K, Chammas R, Walter NG, Contreras LM, Guo P, Afonin KA. The International Society of RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (ISRNN): The Present and Future of the Burgeoning Field. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16957-16973. [PMID: 34677049 PMCID: PMC9023608 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The International Society of RNA Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (ISRNN) hosts an annual meeting series focused on presenting the latest research achievements involving RNA-based therapeutics and strategies, aiming to expand their current biomedical applications while overcoming the remaining challenges of the burgeoning field of RNA nanotechnology. The most recent online meeting hosted a series of engaging talks and discussions from an international cohort of leading nanotechnologists that focused on RNA modifications and modulation, dynamic RNA structures, overcoming delivery limitations using a variety of innovative platforms and approaches, and addressing the newly explored potential for immunomodulation with programmable nucleic acid nanoparticles. In this Nano Focus, we summarize the main discussion points, conclusions, and future directions identified during this two-day webinar as well as more recent advances to highlight and to accelerate this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Brittany Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Emil Khisamutdinov
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47304, United States
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joanna Sztuba-Solinska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 120 W. Samford Avenue, Rouse Life Sciences Building, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Koen Breyne
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets 02114, United States
| | - Roger Chammas
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo - ICESP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 251, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01246-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nils G Walter
- Single Molecule Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry and Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Lydia M Contreras
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78714, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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42
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Abbas M, Alqahtani MS, Almohiy HM, Alqahtani FF, Alhifzi R, Jambi LK. The Potential Contribution of Biopolymeric Particles in Lung Tissue Regeneration of COVID-19 Patients. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4011. [PMID: 34833310 PMCID: PMC8623030 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung is a vital organ that houses the alveoli, which is where gas exchange takes place. The COVID-19 illness attacks lung cells directly, creating significant inflammation and resulting in their inability to function. To return to the nature of their job, it may be essential to rejuvenate the afflicted lung cells. This is difficult because lung cells need a long time to rebuild and resume their function. Biopolymeric particles are the most effective means to transfer developing treatments to airway epithelial cells and then regenerate infected lung cells, which is one of the most significant symptoms connected with COVID-19. Delivering biocompatible and degradable natural biological materials, chemotherapeutic drugs, vaccines, proteins, antibodies, nucleic acids, and diagnostic agents are all examples of these molecules' usage. Furthermore, they are created by using several structural components, which allows them to effectively connect with these cells. We highlight their most recent uses in lung tissue regeneration in this review. These particles are classified into three groups: biopolymeric nanoparticles, biopolymeric stem cell materials, and biopolymeric scaffolds. The techniques and processes for regenerating lung tissue will be thoroughly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hussain M. Almohiy
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Fawaz F. Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Roaa Alhifzi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Layal K. Jambi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
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43
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Feng Y, Liu Q, Chen M, Zhao X, Wang L, Liu L, Chen X. Framework nucleic acid programmed combinatorial delivery nanocarriers for parallel and multiplexed analysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10935-10938. [PMID: 34596190 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04691h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a framework nucleic acid programmed strategy to develop nanocarriers to precisely and independently package multiple homo- and heterogeneous cargos in vitro and in vivo, thereby enabling multiplexed analysis of aptamer-ligand complexes to distinguish normal people and patients with prostate enlargement via simple serum tests, as well as favorable imaging and discrimination of MCF-7, PC-3 and A549 cancer cells and normal QSG-7701 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Miao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China. .,College of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Lumin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Longfei Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
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44
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Uddin MN, Roni MA. Challenges of Storage and Stability of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1033. [PMID: 34579270 PMCID: PMC8473088 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a new and highly pathogenic coronavirus emerged-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), quickly spread throughout the world. In response to this global pandemic, a few vaccines were allowed for emergency use, beginning in November 2020, of which the mRNA-based vaccines by Moderna (Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA) and BioNTech (BioTech, Mainz, Germany)/Pfizer (Pfizer, New York, NY, USA) have been identified as the most effective ones. The mRNA platform allowed rapid development of vaccines, but their global use is limited by ultracold storage requirements. Most resource-poor countries do not have cold chain storage to execute mass vaccination. Therefore, determining strategies to increase stability of mRNA-based vaccines in relatively higher temperatures can be a game changer to address the current global pandemic and upcoming new waves. In this review, we summarized the current research strategies to enhance stability of the RNA vaccine delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monzurul A. Roni
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
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