1
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Na I, Son Y. Sonochemical oxidation activity in 20-kHz probe-type sonicator systems: The effects of probe positions and vessel sizes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 108:106959. [PMID: 38896894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The 20-kHz probe-type sonicator systems were investigated for the enhancement of the cavitational oxidation activity under various geometric conditions including vertical and horizontal probe positions and vessel sizes/volumes as a following study to our previous study. The sonochemical oxidation activity (mass-based I3- ion generation rate) increased significantly for all vessel size conditions as the probe was placed close to the vessel bottom, owing to the expansion of the sonochemical active zone induced by the reflections of ultrasound at the bottom and the reactor wall. A concentric circular active zone is observed at positions close to the bottom. The highest sonochemical activity was obtained at 1 cm (vertical position) in the 20 cm vessels (input power: 50 %). At the vertical positions of 11 cm to 7 cm, no significant difference in the sonochemical activity was observed for all input power conditions (25, 50, and 75 %) because no meaningful reflections occurred. Higher sonochemical activities were obtained at an input power of 75 % owing to the increased power and strong reflection. The highest cavitational yield considering the energy efficiency was obtained at 6 cm (vertical position) for 75 % of all power and geometric conditions. Horizontal probe position tests showed that the asymmetric formation of the sonochemical active zone could significantly enhance the sonochemical activity. The highest activity was obtained at 1 cm (vertical position) and 2.5 cm (horizontal position) in the 20 cm vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseul Na
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyu Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Shishido T, Hayashi Y, Takizawa H. Sonochemical decomposition effects of nickelocene aiming for low-temperature and dispersant-free synthesis of nickel fine particle. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 108:106976. [PMID: 38945051 PMCID: PMC11261452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Sonochemical decomposition effects of nickelocene, which sublimates easily were investigated to synthesize dispersant-free nickel fine particles at low temperature. In a hydrazine monohydrate and 2-propanol mixed solvent, the reduction of nickelocene was promoted by ultrasound irradiation, and nickel fine particles were synthesized while precluding the sublimation of nickelocene. Unlike the common hydrazine reduction of nickel salts, which requires multiple-step reactions, nickelocene was reduced directly without forming intermediates. The effect of the water-bath temperature (20-60 °C) was investigated, where larger fine particles were synthesized using a higher water-bath temperature (60 °C). When irradiated at 20 °C, the reduction rate of nickelocene was low, leading to the formation of nickel fine particles and organic nanoparticles via the reduction and decomposition of nickelocene. The ultrasound frequency was also investigated, where fine nickel particles were synthesized using low-frequency ultrasound irradiation. The formation of high-temperature hotspots led to the diffusion and growth of nickel on the surface of the nickel fine particles; therefore, raspberry-like nickel fine particles were synthesized. In this study, the difficult-to-handle nature of nickelocene, owing to its sublimation properties, was easily overcome by ultrasound irradiation. Instantaneous and localized reactions at hotspots contributed to inhibiting particle growth. Furthermore, Ni fine particles were synthesized via a direct reduction pathway, which differs from previous reactions. This method represents a new, dispersant-free, low-temperature process for synthesizing Ni fine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shishido
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yamato Hayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Hirotsugu Takizawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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3
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Adamou P, Harkou E, Villa A, Constantinou A, Dimitratos N. Ultrasonic reactor set-ups and applications: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 107:106925. [PMID: 38810367 PMCID: PMC11157283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Sonochemistry contributes to green science as it uses less hazardous solvents and methods to carry out a reaction. In this review, different reactor designs are discussed in detail providing the necessary knowledge for implementing various processes. The main characteristics of ultrasonic batch systems are their low cost and enhanced mixing; however, they still have immense drawbacks such as their scalability. Continuous flow reactors offer enhanced production yields as the limited cognition which governs the design of these sonoreactors, renders them unusable in industry. In addition, microstructured sonoreactors show improved heat and mass transfer phenomena due to their small size but suffer though from clogging. The optimisation of various conditions of regulations, such as temperature, frequency of ultrasound, intensity of irradiation, sonication time, pressure amplitude and reactor design, it is also discussed to maximise the production rates and yields of reactions taking place in sonoreactors. The optimisation of operating parameters and the selection of the reactor system must be considered to each application's requirements. A plethora of different applications that ultrasound waves can be implemented are in the biochemical and petrochemical engineering, the chemical synthesis of materials, the crystallisation of organic and inorganic substances, the wastewater treatment, the extraction processes and in medicine. Sonochemistry must overcome challenges that consider the scalability of processes and its embodiment into commercial applications, through extensive studies for understanding the designs and the development of computational tools to implement timesaving and efficient theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Adamou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Eleana Harkou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Achilleas Constantinou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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4
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Zushi R, Hayashi Y, Yamanaka T, Takizawa H. Facile room temperature synthesis of size-controlled spherical silica from silicon metal via simple sonochemical process. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 107:106913. [PMID: 38805886 PMCID: PMC11154706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The waterglass or St o¨ ber method is commonly used to synthesize spherical colloidal silica; however, these methods have some disadvantages, such as complicated processes for the removal of sodium ions and expensive and energy-consuming raw materials such as tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). In this study, size-controlled spherical colloidal silica was synthesized from silicon metal at room temperature using an ultrasound process with hydrazine monohydrate as the solvent. Silicon metal dissolves easily in hydrazine monohydrate under ultrasound irradiation, and spherical colloidal silica can be synthesized by adding alcohol to this precursor solution. By changing the concentration or type of alcohol, size-controlled colloidal silica 20-200 nm in size could be easily obtained. In addition, finer and more monodisperse particles were produced by low-frequency ultrasound irradiation, which had a higher stirring effect at the particle formation stage. The present method is effective because size-controlled colloidal silica can be synthesized at room temperature using only silicon metal, hydrazine, and alcohol as raw materials, without complicated processes or expensive and energy-consuming raw materials such as TEOS or tetramethoxysilane (TMOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Zushi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yamato Hayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Yamanaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Takizawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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5
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Zeng L, Huang C, Tang Y, Wang C, Lin S. Tetracycline degradation by dual-frequency ultrasound combined with peroxymonosulfate. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 106:106886. [PMID: 38692020 PMCID: PMC11077164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Tetracycline has received a great deal of interest for the harmful effects of substance abuse on ecosystems and humanity. The effects of different processes on the degradation of tetracycline were compared, with dual-frequency ultrasound (DFUS) in combination with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) being the most effective for the tetracycline degradation. Free radical scavenging experiments showed that O2∙-,SO4∙- and •OH were the main reactive radicals in the degradation of tetracycline. According to the major intermediates of tetracycline degradation identified, three possible degradation pathways were proposed, which are of significance for translational studies of tetracycline degradation. Notably, these intermediates were found to be significantly less toxicity. The number of active bubbles in the degradation vessel was calculated using a semi-empirical formula, and a higher value of 1.44 × 108 L-1s-1 of bubbles was obtained when using dual-frequency ultrasound at 20 kHz (210 W/L) and 80 kHz (85.4 W/L). Therefore, compared to 20 kHz, although the yield of strong oxidizing substances from individual active bubbles decreased slightly, a significant increment of the number of active bubbles still resulted in a higher synergistic effect, and the combination of DFUS and PMS should be effective in promoting the generation of reactive free radicals and mass transfer processes within the degradation vessel, which provides a method for efficient removal of tetracycline from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chenyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Shuyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Su Y, Berbille A, Li XF, Zhang J, PourhosseiniAsl M, Li H, Liu Z, Li S, Liu J, Zhu L, Wang ZL. Reduction of precious metal ions in aqueous solutions by contact-electro-catalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4196. [PMID: 38760357 PMCID: PMC11101412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Precious metals are core assets for the development of modern technologies in various fields. Their scarcity poses the question of their cost, life cycle and reuse. Recently, an emerging catalysis employing contact-electrification (CE) at water-solid interfaces to drive redox reaction, called contact-electro-catalysis (CEC), has been used to develop metal free mechano-catalytic methods to efficiently degrade refractory organic compounds, produce hydrogen peroxide, or leach metals from spent Li-Ion batteries. Here, we show ultrasonic CEC can successfully drive the reduction of Ag(ac), Rh3+, [PtCl4]2-, Ag+, Hg2+, Pd2+, [AuCl4]-, and Ir3+, in both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The effect of oxygen on the reaction is studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and ab-initio simulation. Combining measurements of charge transfers during water-solid CE, EPR spectroscopy and gold extraction experiments help show the link between CE and CEC. What's more, this method based on water-solid CE is capable of extracting gold from synthetic solutions with concentrations ranging from as low as 0.196 ppm up to 196 ppm, reaching in 3 h extraction capacities ranging from 0.756 to 722.5 mg g-1 in 3 h. Finally, we showed CEC is employed to design a metal-free, selective, and recyclable catalytic gold extraction methods from e-waste aqueous leachates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Su
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Andy Berbille
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - MohammadJavad PourhosseiniAsl
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Huifan Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhanqi Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shunning Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Laipan Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA.
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7
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Zhu X, Das RS, Bhavya ML, Garcia-Vaquero M, Tiwari BK. Acoustic cavitation for agri-food applications: Mechanism of action, design of new systems, challenges and strategies for scale-up. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106850. [PMID: 38520893 PMCID: PMC10979275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic cavitation, an intriguing phenomenon resulting from the interaction of sound waves with a liquid medium, has emerged as a promising avenue in agri-food processing, offering opportunities to enhance established processes improving primary production of ingredients and further food processing. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms, design considerations, challenges and scale-up strategies associated with acoustic cavitation for agri-food applications. The paper starts by elucidating the fundamental principles of acoustic cavitation and its measurement, delving then into the diverse effects of different parameters associated with, the acoustic wave, mechanical design and operation of the ultrasonic system, along with those related to the food matrix. The technological advancements achieved in the design and set-up of ultrasonic reactors addressing limitations during scale up are also discussed. The design, engineering and mathematical modelling of ultrasonic equipment tailored for agri-food applications are explored, along with strategies to maximize cavitation intensity and efficiency in the application of brining, freezing, drying, emulsification, filtration and extraction. Advanced US equipment, such as multi-transducers (tubular resonator, FLOW:WAVE®) and larger processing surface areas through innovative designing (Barbell horn, CascatrodesTM), are one of the most promising strategies to ensure consistency of US operations at industrial scale. This review paper aims to provide valuable insights into harnessing acoustic cavitation's potential for up-scaling applications in food processing via critical examination of current research and advancements, while identifying future directions and opportunities for further research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown D15 DY05, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rahel Suchintita Das
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown D15 DY05, Dublin, Ireland; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mysore Lokesh Bhavya
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown D15 DY05, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown D15 DY05, Dublin, Ireland.
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8
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Fattahi K, Boffito DC, Robert E. Quantifying the chemical activity of cavitation bubbles in a cluster. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7978. [PMID: 38575603 PMCID: PMC10994948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Acoustic cavitation bubbles drive chemical processes through their dynamic lifecycle in liquids. These bubbles are abundant within sonoreactors, where their behavior becomes complex within clusters. This study quantifies their chemical effects within well-defined clusters using a new laser-based method. We focus a laser beam into water, inducing a breakdown that generates a single cavitation bubble. This bubble undergoes multiple collapses, releasing several shockwaves. These shockwaves propagate into the surrounding medium, leading to the formation of secondary bubbles near a reflector, separated from the input laser beam. We evaluate the chemical activity of these bubble clusters of various sizes by KI dosimetry, and to gain insights into their dynamics, we employ high-speed imaging. Hydrophone measurements show that conversion from focused shockwave energy to chemical reactions increases to a maximum of 16.5%. Additional increases in shockwave energy result in denser bubble clusters and a slightly decreased conversion rate, falling to 14.9%, highlighting the key role of bubble dynamics in the transformation of mechanical to chemical energy and as a result in the efficiency of the sonoreactors. The size and frequency of bubble collapses influence the cluster's chemical reactivity. We introduce a correlation for predicting the conversion rate of cluster energy to chemical energy, based on the cluster's energy density. The maximum conversion rate occurs at a cluster energy density of 2500 J/L, linked to a cluster with an average bubble diameter of 91 μ m, a bubble density of 3500 bubbles/ml, and a bubble-to-bubble distance ratio of 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Fattahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Daria C Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Etienne Robert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
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9
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Roshtkhari MBM, Entezari MH. Graphite/carbon-doped TiO 2 nanocomposite synthesized by ultrasound for the degradation of diclofenac. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:15105-15125. [PMID: 38289555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Graphite/C-doped TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized at room temperature using a simple, impressive, and indirect sonication (20 kHz) by the cup horn system. Tetrabutyltitanate as the precursor of titanium and graphite (G) as the carbon source was used in the preparation of nanocomposite as a photocatalyst. The molar ratio of G/TiO2 as a key parameter was investigated in the synthesis of G/C-doped TiO2. The obtained materials were widely characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, XPS, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance techniques. The UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy results showed that the edge of light absorption of nanocomposite was distinctly red-shifted to the visible area via carbon doping. The XPS outcomes acknowledged the existence of the C, Ti, and O in the photocatalyst. The composite showed an enhancement in the dissociation efficiency of photoinduced charge carriers through the doping process. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposite was checked with diclofenac (DCF) as a pharmaceutical contaminant. The results displayed that G/C-doped TiO2 represented better photocatalytic performance for DCF than TiO2. This was due to the excellent crystallization, intense absorption of visible light, and the impressive separation of photoinduced charge carriers. Various active species such as •OH, •O2¯, h+, and H2O2 play a role in the degradation of DFC. Therefore, different scavengers were used and the role of each one in degradation was investigated. According to the obtained results, •O2¯ radical showed a major role in the photocatalytic process. This work not only proposes a deep insight into the photosensitization-like mechanism by using G-based materials but also develops new photocatalysts for the removal of emerging organic pollutants from waters using sunlight as available cheap energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hassan Entezari
- Sonochemical Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Environmental Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Gohlke G, Cauduro VH, Frozi E, Rocha LF, Machado GR, Henn AS, Tao Y, Mesko MF, M M Flores E. Low cost sample preparation method using ultrasound for the determination of environmentally critical elements in seaweed. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 103:106788. [PMID: 38309048 PMCID: PMC10848136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, ultrasound (US) was evaluated for As, Cd, Pb, Mn, Sr and V extraction from seaweed samples. The following parameters of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using an US bath were: frequency (25 to 130 kHz), amplitude (30 to 100%), temperature (30 to 80 °C), sample mass (50 to 200 mg), extractant concentration (1 to 3 mol L-1 of HNO3) and treatment time (5 to 30 min). Acoustic density and power density distribution were calculated using the calorimetric method and mapping of the acoustic pressure distribution was also evaluated. The optimized UAE conditions were 200 mg of sample in 10 mL of 2 mol L-1 HNO3 and 30 min of sonication in a 25 kHz US bath (37.2 ± 4.0 W L-1) at 70% of amplitude and 70 °C. Analytes were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and results were compared with values obtained using "silent" conditions (magnetic or mechanical stirring at 500 rpm, and without stirring), and a reference method based on microwave-assisted wet digestion (MAWD). The UAE method demonstrated the best extraction efficiency (higher than 95%) for all analytes, especially for As, Cd and V, with lower standard deviations (up to 5%) and lower blank values in comparison with the silent conditions. The proposed UAE method was more advantageous than the reference method, being faster, simpler, safer, more environmentally friendly, and with higher detectability (lower limits of quantification, from 0.0033 to 1.34 µg g-1). In addition, negligible blank values were obtained for UAE and no interference were observed in the determination step. Furthermore, the optimized UAE method was applied for Antarctic seaweed samples and comparison with results obtained by MAWD was satisfactory. In this sense, UAE is demonstrated to be a suitable option for sample preparation of seaweed samples and further determination of environmentally critical elements avoiding the use of concentrated reagents as in the MAWD reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Gohlke
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vitoria H Cauduro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Frozi
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luana F Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R Machado
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Alessandra S Henn
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Marcia F Mesko
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96160-000 Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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11
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Schieppati D, Mohan M, Blais B, Fattahi K, Patience GS, Simmons BA, Singh S, Boffito DC. Characterization of the acoustic cavitation in ionic liquids in a horn-type ultrasound reactor. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106721. [PMID: 38103370 PMCID: PMC10765111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Most ultrasound-based processes root in empirical approaches. Because nearly all advances have been conducted in aqueous systems, there exists a paucity of information on sonoprocessing in other solvents, particularly ionic liquids (ILs). In this work, we modelled an ultrasonic horn-type sonoreactor and investigated the effects of ultrasound power, sonotrode immersion depth, and solvent's thermodynamic properties on acoustic cavitation in nine imidazolium-based and three pyrrolidinium-based ILs. The model accounts for bubbles, acoustic impedance mismatch at interfaces, and treats the ILs as incompressible, Newtonian, and saturated with argon. Following a statistical analysis of the simulation results, we determined that viscosity and ultrasound input power are the most significant variables affecting the intensity of the acoustic pressure field (P), the volume of cavitation zones (V), and the magnitude of the maximum acoustic streaming surface velocity (u). V and u increase with the increase of ultrasound input power and the decrease in viscosity, whereas the magnitude of negative P decreases as ultrasound power and viscosity increase. Probe immersion depth positively correlates with V, but its impact on P and u is insignificant. 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ILs yielded the largest V and the fastest acoustic jets - 0.77 cm3 and 24.4 m s-1 for 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride at 60 W. 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium-based ILs generated the smallest V and lowest u - 0.17 cm3 and 1.7 m s-1 for 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium p-toluene sulfonate at 20 W. Sonochemiluminescence experiments validated the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalma Schieppati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada
| | - Mood Mohan
- Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Bioscience Division and Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Bruno Blais
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada
| | - Kobra Fattahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada
| | - Gregory S Patience
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada
| | - Blake A Simmons
- Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Daria C Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV, Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada.
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12
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Zhu X, Xu H, Bi C, Song H, Zhou G, Zhong K, Yang J, Yi J, Xu H, Wang X. Piezo-photocatalysis for efficient charge separation to promote CO 2 photoreduction in nanoclusters. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106653. [PMID: 37918293 PMCID: PMC10638044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The substantial emissions of CO2 greenhouse gases have resulted in severe environmental problems, and research on the implementation of semiconductor materials to minimize CO2 is currently a highly discussed subject. Effective separation of interface charges is a major challenge for efficient piezo-photocatalytic systems. Meanwhile, the ultrasmall-sized metal nanoclusters can shorten the distance of electron transport. Herein, we synthesized Au25(p-MBA)18 nanoclusters (Au25 NCs) modified red graphitic carbon nitride (RCN) nanocatalysts with highly exposed Au active sites by in-situ seed growth method. The loading of Au25 NCs on the RCN surface provides more active sites and creates a long-range ordered electric field. It allows for the direct utilization of the piezoelectric field to separate photogenerated carriers during photo-piezoelectric excitation. Based on the above advantages, the rate of CO2 reduction to CO over Au25 NCs/RCN (111.95 μmol g-1 h-1) was more than triple compared to that of pristine RCN. This paper has positive implication for further application of metal clusters loaded semiconductor for piezo-photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Hangmin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Chuanzhou Bi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Hao Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ganghua Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Kang Zhong
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jinman Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jianjian Yi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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13
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Pereira TC, Cruz AG, Guimarães JT, Cravotto G, Flores EMM. Ultrasonication for honey processing and preservation: A brief overview. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113579. [PMID: 37986447 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Honey is a food product consumed all over the world. Besides its nutritional properties, honey presents antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties. To ensure that the final product meets qualitative and microbiological standards, honey treatment is of great importance. Conventional honey treatment is based on the heating of honey samples for decrystallization and bacteria and yeast inactivation. However, conventional heating can cause negative effects on honey quality, such as the formation of toxic compounds, reduction of enzyme activity, and loss of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The application of ultrasonic waves has demonstrated interesting effects on honey processing. Ultrasound (US) treatment can lead to the fragmentation of glucose crystals in crystalized honey and has little effect on its properties. In addition to inactivating microorganisms, US-assisted honey processing also preserves phenolic compounds content and antimicrobial properties. However, there is still limited information about honey sonication. The aim of the present review is to comprehensively show the possibilities of US application in honey processing and its effects on honey properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago C Pereira
- Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Choi J, Yoon S, Son Y. Effects of alcohols and dissolved gases on sonochemical generation of hydrogen in a 300 kHz sonoreactor. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106660. [PMID: 37924613 PMCID: PMC10656218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The sonochemical generation of hydrogen (H2) was investigated using various water/alcohol solutions under argon (Ar) 100 % in a 300 kHz sonoreactor. Five types of alcohols-methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol-were used at various concentrations (0 - 100 % v/v). The H2 generation rate in water was 0.31 μmol/min in the absence of alcohols. The H2 generation rate increased, peaked, and then decreased as the alcohol concentration increased. The concentrations used for the peak H2 generation were 5 %, 1 %, 0.5 %, 0.5 %, and 0.1 % for methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol, respectively. The highest generation rate (5.46 μmol/min) was obtained for methanol 5 % among all conditions in this study, and no H2 was detected for 100 % alcohol concentrations. The reason for the enhancement of the sonochemical H2 generation by the addition of alcohols might be due to strong scavenging effect of alcohols for sonochemically generated oxidizing radicals and vigorous reactions of alcohol molecules and their derivatives with H radicals. No significant correlations were found between the H2 generation rates and physicochemical properties of the alcohols in any of the data in this study. As alcohol concentration increased, the calorimetric power decreased. This indicates that the calorimetric power does not represent the degree of sonochemical reactions in the water/alcohol mixtures. The effect of oxygen (O2) content in the dissolved gases on the generation of H2O2 (representing sonochemical oxidation activity) and H2 (representing sonochemical reduction activity) was investigated using Ar/O2 mixtures for water, methanol 5 % and n-propanol 0.5 %. In water, the highest H2O2 generation was obtained for Ar/O2 (50:50), which is similar to previous research results. However, the H2O2 generation increased as the O2 content increased. In addition, H2 generation decreased as the O2 content increased under all liquid conditions (water, methanol, and n-propanol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbok Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokho Yoon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyu Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Adamou P, Harkou E, Hafeez S, Manos G, Villa A, Al-Salem SM, Constantinou A, Dimitratos N. Recent progress on sonochemical production for the synthesis of efficient photocatalysts and the impact of reactor design. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106610. [PMID: 37806038 PMCID: PMC10568290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Sonochemical-assisted synthesis has flourished recently for the design of photocatalysts. The main power used is ultrasound that allows the nanomaterials shape and size modification and control. This review highlights the effect in formation mechanism by ultrasound application and the most common photocatalysts that were prepared via sonochemical techniques. Moreover, the challenge for the suitable reactor design for the synthesis of materials or for their photocatalytic evaluation is discussed since the most prominent reactor systems, batch, and continuous flow, has both advantages and drawbacks. This work summarises the significance of sonochemical synthesis for photocatalytic materials as a green technology that needs to be further investigated for the preparation of new materials and the scale up of developed reactor systems to meet industrial needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Adamou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Eleana Harkou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Sanaa Hafeez
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - George Manos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WCIE 7JE, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - S M Al-Salem
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box: 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
| | - Achilleas Constantinou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Cyprus University of Technology, 57 Corner of Athinon and Anexartisias, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna, Italy; Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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16
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Manickam S, Camilla Boffito D, Flores EMM, Leveque JM, Pflieger R, Pollet BG, Ashokkumar M. Ultrasonics and sonochemistry: Editors' perspective. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106540. [PMID: 37542752 PMCID: PMC10430610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic waves can induce physical and chemical changes in liquid media via acoustic cavitation. Various applications have benefitted from utilizing these effects, including but not limited to the synthesis of functional materials, emulsification, cleaning, and processing. Several books and review articles in the public domain cover both fundamental and applied aspects of ultrasonics and sonochemistry. The Editors of the Ultrasonics Sonochemistry journal possess diverse expertise in this field, from theoretical and experimental aspects of acoustic cavitation to materials synthesis, environmental remediation, and sonoprocessing. This article provides Editors' perspectives on various aspects of ultrasonics and sonochemistry that may benefit students and early career researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Manickam
- University of Technology Brunei, Faculty of Engineering, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam.
| | | | | | - Jean-Marc Leveque
- University Savoie Mont Blanc, Department of Sciences and Mountain Training, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Rachel Pflieger
- Université Montpellier, Marcoule Institute in Separation Chemistry (ICSM), Marcoule, France
| | - Bruno G Pollet
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Bao J, Guo S, Fan D, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Pang X. Sonoactivated Nanomaterials: A potent armament for wastewater treatment. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106569. [PMID: 37657369 PMCID: PMC10495678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The world is currently facing a critical issue of water pollution, with wastewater being a major contributor. It comes from different types of pollutants, including industrial, medical, agricultural, and domestic. Effective treatment of wastewater requires efficient degradation of pollutants and carcinogens prior to discharge. Commonly used methods for wastewater treatment include filtration, adsorption, biodegradation, advanced oxidation processes, and Fenton oxidation, among others.The sonochemical effect refers to the decomposition, oxidation, reduction, and other reactions of pollutant molecules in wastewater upon ultrasound activation, achieving pollutants removal. Furthermore, the micro-flow effect generated by ultrasonic waves creates tiny bubbles and eddies. This significantly increases the contact area and exchange speed of pollutants and dissolved oxygen, thereby accelerating pollutant degradation. Currently, ultrasonic-assisted technology has emerged as a promising approach due to its strong oxidation ability, simple and cheap equipments, and minimal secondary pollution. However, the use of ultrasound in wastewater treatment has some limitations, such as high energy consumption, lengthy treatment time, limited water treatment capacity, stringent water quality requirements, and unstable treatment effects. To address these issues, the combination of enhanced ultrasound with nanotechnology is proposed and has shown great potential in wastewater treatment. Such a combination can greatly improve the efficiency of ultrasonic oxidation, resulting in an improved performance of wastewater purification. This article presents recent progress in the development of sonoactivated nanomaterials for enhanced wastewater disposal. Such nanomaterials are systematically classified and discussed. Potential challenges and future prospects of this emerging technology are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Bao
- Functional Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shuangshaung Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Functional Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Functional Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xin Pang
- Functional Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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18
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Mergbi M, Aboagye D, Contreras S, Amor HB, Medina F, Djellabi R. Fast g-C 3N 4 sonocoated activated carbon for enhanced solar photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants through Adsorb & Shuttle process. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106550. [PMID: 37562345 PMCID: PMC10433234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
To solve low mass transfer in photocatalytic technology for water treatment, the combination of photoactive nanoparticles with highly adsorptive materials has been regarded as a successful approach. The optimization of photoactive particle coating in terms of dispersion on the surface of adsorbing support is the main key to reach a maximum synergism for pollutants removal. This study discusses the coating of as-prepared biomass based activated carbon by g-C3N4 using three routes, namely ball milling (AC-CN@BM), physical stirring (AC-CN@Phy) and ultrasonic assisted coating (AC-CN@US). The coating mechanisms by different processes were discussed using different characterization techniques. Ball milling based coating provides good g-C3N4 dispersion on the surface of AC, however, a partial degradation of g-C3N4 structure and a lower surface area were confirmed by FTIR, XRD and BET analysis. Physically designed sample shows a significant agglomeration of particles on the surface of AC. However, ultrasonic coating provides excellent distribution of g-C3N4 and high surface of the composite. In terms of photoactivity, AC-CN@BM exhibits the lowest adsorption and photocatalytic activity under solar light for the removal of ciprofloxacin. AC-CN@Phy showed medium performance, but less physical stability of g-C3N4 particles on AC, leading to their partial release. AC-CN@US showed the highest efficiency and stability after using; suggesting the good combination between g-C3N4 and AC, which in turn maximizes the removal of ciprofloxacin via Adsorb & shuttle process. The overall costs of composite, including the starting elements and the coating ultrasonic process are relatively low and green as compared to commonly reported routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Mergbi
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, RL Processes, Energetic, Environment and Electric Systems (PEESE), University of Gabes, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Dominic Aboagye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sandra Contreras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Hedi Ben Amor
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, RL Processes, Energetic, Environment and Electric Systems (PEESE), University of Gabes, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Francisco Medina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ridha Djellabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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19
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Song H, Zhong M, Sun Y, Yue Q, Qi B. Ultrasound-assisted alkali removal of proteins from wastewater generated during oil bodies extraction. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 96:106436. [PMID: 37172539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted alkaline method was used to remove proteins from wastewater generated during oil-body extraction, and the effects of different ultrasonic power settings (0, 150, 300, and 450 W) on protein recovery were investigated. The recoveries of the ultrasonically treated samples were higher than those of the samples without ultrasonic treatment, and the protein recoveries increased with increasing power, with a protein recovery of 50.10 % ± 0.19 % when the ultrasonic power was 450 W. Amino acid analysis showed that the amino acids comprising the recovered samples were consistent, regardless of the ultrasonic power used, but significant differences in the contents of amino acids were observed. No significant changes were observed in the protein electrophoretic profile using dodecyl polyacrylamide gel, indicating that sonication did not change the primary structures of the recovered samples. Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the molecular structures of the samples changed after sonication, and the fluorescence intensity increased gradually with increasing sonication power. The contents of α-helices and random coils obtained at an ultrasonic power of 450 W decreased to 13.44 % and 14.31 %, respectively, whereas the β-sheet content generally increased. The denaturation temperatures of the proteins were determined using differential scanning calorimetry, and ultrasound treatment reduced the denaturation temperatures of the samples, which was associated with the structural and conformational changes caused by their chemical bonding. The solubility of the recovered protein increased with increasing ultrasound power, and a high solubility was essential in good emulsification. The emulsification of the samples was improved well. In conclusion, ultrasound treatment changed the structure and thus improved the functional properties of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Song
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingming Zhong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yufan Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiang Yue
- Heilongjiang Open University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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20
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Wang T, Qu H, Ravindra AV, Ma S, Hu J, Zhang H, Le T, Zhang L. Treatment of complex sulfur-containing solutions in ammonia desulfurization ammonium sulfate production by ultrasonic-assisted ozone technology. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106386. [PMID: 37003211 PMCID: PMC10457592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the cause of abnormal color in ammonium sulfate products formed by flue gas desulfurization is revealed by investigating the conversion relationship between different sulfur-containing ions and their behavior in a sulfuric acid medium. Both thiosulfate (S2O32-) and sulfite (SO32- & HSO3-) impurities affect the quality of ammonium sulfate. The S2O32- is the main reason for the yellowing of the product due to the formation of sulfur impurities in concentrated sulfuric acid. To address the yellowing of ammonium sulfate products, a unified technology (US/O3), using ozone (O3) and ultrasonic waves (US) simultaneously, is exploited to remove both thiosulfate and sulfite impurities from the mother liquor. The effect of different reaction parameters on the degree of removal of thiosulfate and sulfite is investigated. The synergistic effect of ultrasound and ozone on ion oxidation is further explored and demonstrated by the comparative experiments with O3 and US/O3. Under the optimized conditions, the thiosulfate and sulfite concentration in the solution is 2.07 and 5.93 g/L, respectively, and the degree of removal is 91.39 and 90.83%, respectively. The product obtained after evaporation and crystallization is pure white and meets the national standard requirements for ammonium sulfate products. Under the same conditions, the US/O3 process has apparent advantages, such as saving reaction time compared with the O3 process alone. Introducing an ultrasonically intensified field improves the generation of oxidation radicals ·OH, 1O2, and ·O2- in the solution. Furthermore, the effectiveness of different oxidation components in the decolorization process is studied by adding other radical shielding agents using the US/O3 process supplemented with EPR analysis. The order of the different oxidation components is O3(86.04%) > 1O2(6.53%) > •OH(4.45%) > •O2-(2.97%) for the oxidation of thiosulfate, and it is O3(86.28%) > •OH(7.49%) > 1O2(4.99%) > •O2-(1.25%) for the oxidation of sulfite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongtao Qu
- Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co., Ltd., Qujing 655011, Yunnan, China
| | - A V Ravindra
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu 603203, India
| | - Shaobin Ma
- Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co., Ltd., Qujing 655011, Yunnan, China
| | - Jue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co., Ltd., Qujing 655011, Yunnan, China
| | - Thiquynhxuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
| | - Libo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
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Boateng ID, Kumar R, Daubert CR, Flint-Garcia S, Mustapha A, Kuehnel L, Agliata J, Li Q, Wan C, Somavat P. Sonoprocessing improves phenolics profile, antioxidant capacity, structure, and product qualities of purple corn pericarp extract. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106418. [PMID: 37094478 PMCID: PMC10149314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, purple corn pericarp (PCP) was converted to polyphenol-rich extract using two-pot ultrasound extraction technique. According to Plackett-Burman design (PBD), the significant extraction factors were ethanol concentration, extraction time, temperature, and ultrasonic amplitude that affected total anthocyanins (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and condensed tannins (CT). These parameters were further optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) method for response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM showed a linear curvature for TAC and a quadratic curvature for TPC and CT with a lack of fit > 0.05. Under the optimum conditions (ethanol (50%, v/v), time (21 min), temperature (28 °C), and ultrasonic amplitude (50%)), a maximum TAC, TPC, and CT of 34.99 g cyanidin/kg, 121.26 g GAE/kg, and 260.59 of EE/kg, respectively were obtained with a desirability value 0.952. Comparing UAE to microwave extraction (MAE), it was found that although UAE had a lower extraction yield, TAC, TPC, and CT, the UAE gave a higher individual anthocyanin, flavonoid, phenolic acid profile, and antioxidant activity. The UAE took 21 min, whereas MAE took 30 min for maximum extraction. Regarding product qualities, UAE extract was superior, with a lower total color change (ΔE) and a higher chromaticity. Structural characterization using SEM showed that MAE extract had severe creases and ruptures, whereas UAE extract had less noticeable alterations and was attested by an optical profilometer. This shows that ultrasound, might be used to extract phenolics from PCP as it requires lesser time and improves phenolics, structure, and product qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Duah Boateng
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Christopher R Daubert
- College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- US Department of Agriculture, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Azlin Mustapha
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Lucas Kuehnel
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Joseph Agliata
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Qianwei Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
| | - Pavel Somavat
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
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22
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Pereira TC, Flores EMM, Abramova AV, Verdini F, Calcio Gaudino E, Bucciol F, Cravotto G. Simultaneous hydrodynamic cavitation and glow plasma discharge for the degradation of metronidazole in drinking water. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106388. [PMID: 37011519 PMCID: PMC10457580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel hydrodynamic cavitation unit combined with a glow plasma discharge system (HC-GPD) was proposed for the degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in drinking water. Metronidazole (MNZ), a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic, was selected to demonstrate the potential of the proposed system. Cavitation bubbles generated by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) can provide a pathway for charge conduction during glow plasma discharge (GPD). The synergistic effect between HC and GPD promotes the production of hydroxyl radicals, emission of UV light, and shock waves for MNZ degradation. Sonochemical dosimetry provided information on the enhanced formation of hydroxyl radicals during glow plasma discharge compared to hydrodynamic cavitation alone. Experimental results showed a MNZ degradation of 14% in 15 min for the HC alone (solution initially containing 300 × 10-6 mol L-1 MNZ). In experiments with the HC-GPD system, MNZ degradation of 90% in 15 min was detected. No significant differences were observed in MNZ degradation in acidic and alkaline solutions. MNZ degradation was also studied in the presence of inorganic anions. Experimental results showed that the system is suitable for the treatment of solutions with conductivity up to 1500 × 10-6 S cm-1. The results of sonochemical dosimetry showed the formation of oxidant species of 0.15 × 10-3 mol H2O2 L-1 in the HC system after 15 min. For the HC-GPD system, the concentration of oxidant species after 15 min reached 13 × 10-3 molH2O2L-1. Based on these results, the potential of combining HC and GPD systems for water treatment was demonstrated. The present work provided useful information on the synergistic effect between hydrodynamic cavitation and glow plasma discharge and their application for the degradation of antibiotics in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna V Abramova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Federico Verdini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Bucciol
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
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23
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Zhao S, Yao C, Liu L, Yang M, Chen G. Ultrasound Emulsification in Microreactors: Effects of Channel Material, Surfactant Nature, and Ultrasound Parameters. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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24
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Abdulstar AR, Altemimi AB, Al-Hilphy AR. Exploring the Power of Thermosonication: A Comprehensive Review of Its Applications and Impact in the Food Industry. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071459. [PMID: 37048278 PMCID: PMC10094072 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermosonication (TS) has been identified as a smart remedy for the shortcomings of heat treatment, which typically requires prolonged exposure to high temperatures. This technique combines moderate heat treatment with acoustic energy to eliminate harmful microorganisms and enzymes in food products. Unlike conventional heat treatment, thermosonication utilizes short holding times, allowing for the preservation of food products’ phytochemical compounds and sensory characteristics. The benefits and challenges of this emerging technology, such as equipment cost, limited availability of data, inconsistent results, high energy consumption, and scale-up challenges, have been assessed, and the design process for using ultrasound in combination with mild thermal treatment has been discussed. TS has proven to be a promising technique for eliminating microorganisms and enzymes without compromising the nutritional or sensory quality of food products. Utilizing natural antimicrobial agents such as ascorbic acid, Nisin, and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) in combination with thermosonication is a promising approach to enhancing the safety and shelf life of food products. Further research is required to enhance the utilization of natural antimicrobial agents and to acquire a more comprehensive comprehension of their impact on the safety and quality of food products.
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25
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Ma X, Liu D, Hou F. Sono-activation of food enzymes: From principles to practice. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:1184-1225. [PMID: 36710650 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, sono-activation of enzymes as an emerging research area has received considerable attention from food researchers. This kind of relatively new application of ultrasound has demonstrated promising potential in facilitating the modern food industry by broadening the application of various food enzymes, improving relevant industrial unit operation and productivity, as well as increasing the yield of target products. This review aims to provide insight into the fundamental principles and possible industrialization strategies of the sono-activation of food enzymes to facilitate its commercialization. This review first provides an overview of ultrasound application in the activation of food protease, carbohydrase, and lipase. Then, the recent development on ultrasound activation of food enzymes is discussed on aspects including mechanisms, influencing factors, modification effects, and its applications in real food systems for free and immobilized enzymes. Despite the far fewer studies on sono-activation of immobilized enzymes compared with those on free enzymes, we endeavored to summarize the relevant aspects in three stages: ultrasound pretreatment of free enzyme/carrier, assistance in immobilization process, and modification of the already immobilized enzyme. Lastly, challenges for the scalability of ultrasound in these target areas are discussed and future research prospects are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Ma
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Furong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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26
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Puss KK, Loog M, Salmar S. Ultrasound enhanced solubilization of forest biorefinery hydrolysis lignin in mild alkaline conditions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 93:106288. [PMID: 36621089 PMCID: PMC9841232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the forest biorefinery, hydrolysis lignin (HL) is often dissolved with high concentration NaOH solution, followed by acid precipitation to obtain purified HL. For the first time, this study evaluates the effect of ultrasound (US) on the dissolution of industrially produced HL in aqueous NaOH solutions and the acid precipitation yield of HL. The solubility of HL in mild aqueous NaOH solutions was studied with and without US treatment at 20 kHz concerning the solid-to-liquid ratio, molecular weight of dissolved fractions and structural changes in dissolved HL. Results showed that the solubility of HL at 25 °C was strongly dependent on NaOH concentration. However, the US treatment significantly improved the solubility of HL, reaching a solubility plateau at 0.1 NaOH/HL ratio. US treatment enhanced the solubilization of HL molecules with higher MW compared to conventional mixing. The increase of HL solubility was up to 30 % and the recovery yield of purified lignin with acid precipitation was 37 % higher in dilute NaOH solution. A significant result was that the Mw of dissolved HL in homogeneous alkali solutions decreased with US treatment. SEC, HSQC and 31P NMR analyses of dissolved HL characteristics showed that both, the mechanoacoustic and sonochemical solubilization pathways contribute to the dissolution process. However, US does not cause major changes in the HL structure compared to the native lignin. Indeed, US technology has the potential to advance the dissolution and purification of HL in biorefineries by reducing the amount of chemicals required; thus, more controlled and environmentally friendly conditions can be used in HL valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kait Kaarel Puss
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu, Estonia; The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mart Loog
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Siim Salmar
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu, Estonia
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27
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Scudino H, Guimarães JT, Silva Moura R, Luis P A Ramos G, Pimentel TC, Cavalcanti RN, Sobral LA, Cristina Silva M, Mársico ET, Esmerino EA, Freitas MQ, Pereira TC, M M Flores E, Cruz AG. Thermosonication as a pretreatment of raw milk for Minas frescal cheese production. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 92:106260. [PMID: 36502682 PMCID: PMC9758565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Minas frescal cheese is extremely popular in Brazil, with high perishability and acceptability. Among emerging technologies, ultrasound stands out for its satisfactory results regarding microbiological safety and technological and sensory aspects. The combined mild temperature application, called thermosonication, can generate even more promising results. In this study, a high-intensity ultrasound system combined with thermal heating (TS, thermosonication) was applied for the treatment of raw milk to produce Minas Frescal cheese. US energy was delivered to raw milk samples using a probe operating at a 20 kHz of frequency and nominal power of 160, 400, and 640 W. The TS system was compared with conventional pasteurization (HTST, high-temperature short-time pasteurization) at 72 to 75 °C and 15 s. Soft cheeses were prepared with different samples: (a) raw milk (control), b)conventionally pasteurized milk (HTST), and c) TS treat milk in different nominal power (TS160, TS400, and TS640). The produced cheeses were evaluated for microbiological behavior, rheology, color parameters, and bioactive compounds. TS treatment in milk resulted in higher microbial inactivation and stability during storage, improved color parameters (higher lightness (L*), and whiteness index (WI). TS treatment also showed a higher generation of bioactive compounds (higher antioxidant, and inhibitory activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin-converting enzymes) than HTST. The impact of TS on rheological properties was similar to HTST, resulting in more brittle and less firm products than the cheese produced with raw milk. The positive effects were more prominent using a nominal power of 400 W (TS400). Therefore, TS proved to be a promising process for processing milk for Minas Frescal cheese production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Scudino
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Departamento de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Silva Moura
- Departamento de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis P A Ramos
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Departamento de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C Pimentel
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná, Paranavaí, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo N Cavalcanti
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Louise A Sobral
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina Silva
- Departamento de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane T Mársico
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Erick A Esmerino
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Monica Q Freitas
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Thiago C Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Departamento de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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28
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Hanxuan S, Yan Y, Weiru Z, Bibiche EEAF, Qingwen Z, Jixiang G. Synthesis of nano-β-CD@Fe 3O 4 magnetic material and its application in ultrasonic treatment of oily sludge. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 92:106256. [PMID: 36502680 PMCID: PMC9763504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extraction process of Tarim oil field in Xinjiang is accompanied by a large amount of oily sludge generation, which seriously restricts the progress of oil and gas development and causes serious pollution to the environment due to its large production, complex composition, and difficult treatment. Nanomaterials combined with ultrasound have been demonstrated to be a promising method for the disposal of hazardous oily sludge. In this paper, a magnetic material Nano-β-CD@Fe3O4 was prepared by hydrothermal method and surface modification method. Nano-β-CD@Fe3O4 can be intelligently enriched at the oil-water interface and oil-solid interface, and it can be stably dispersed to form nanofluid under the action of ultrasound. Nano-β-CD@Fe3O4 can cause changes in oil composition when it is exposed to ultrasound, resulting in the decrease of viscosity and increase of fluidity. The experimental results of treating oily sludge in Xinjiang Tarim showed that the best treatment effect was achieved when the concentration of Nano-β-CD@Fe3O4 was 0.5 %, the ultrasonic frequency was 60 Hz and the temperature was 60℃. This solution can reach 90.17 % oil removal efficiency within 45 min, and the secondary oil removal efficiency of Nano-β-CD@Fe3O4 recovered by magnetic separation could still reach 85.65 %. This efficient oily sludge treatment method proposed in our study provides valuable information for the development of oily sludge treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hanxuan
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing, China
| | - Ye Yan
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing, China.
| | - Zheng Weiru
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhang Qingwen
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing, China
| | - Guo Jixiang
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing, China
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29
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Djellabi R, Aboagye D, Galloni MG, Vilas Andhalkar V, Nouacer S, Nabgan W, Rtimi S, Constantí M, Medina Cabello F, Contreras S. Combined conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into high-value products with ultrasonic cavitation and photocatalytic produced reactive oxygen species - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128333. [PMID: 36403911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The production of high-value products from lignocellulosic biomass is carried out through the selective scission of crosslinked CC/CO bonds. Nowadays, several techniques are applied to optimize biomass conversion into desired products with high yields. Photocatalytic technology has been proven to be a valuable tool for valorizing biomass at mild conditions. The photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROSs) can initiate the scission of crosslinked bonds and form radical intermediates. However, the low mass transfer of the photocatalytic process could limit the production of a high yield of products. The incorporation of ultrasonic cavitation in the photocatalytic system provides an exceptional condition to boost the fragmentation and transformation of biomass into the desired products within a lesser reaction time. This review critically discusses the main factors governing the application of photocatalysis for biomass valorization and tricks to boost the selectivity for enhancing the yield of desired products. Synergistic effects obtained through the combination of sonolysis and photocatalysis were discussed in depth. Under ultrasonic vibration, hot spots could be produced on the surface of the photocatalysts, improving the mass transfer through the jet phenomenon. In addition, shock waves can assist the dissolution and mixing of biomass particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridha Djellabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
| | - Dominic Aboagye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Melissa Greta Galloni
- Chemistry Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Sana Nouacer
- Laboratory of Water Treatment and Valorization of Industrial Wastes, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Badji-Mokhtar University, Annaba BP12 2300, Algeria; École Nationale Supérieure des Mines et Métallurgie, ENSMM, Ex CEFOS Chaiba BP 233 RP Annaba, Sidi Amar W129, Algeria
| | - Walid Nabgan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Global Institute for Water, Environment and Health, Geneva 1201, Switzerland
| | - Magda Constantí
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Contreras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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30
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Enhanced Photocatalytic Kinetics Using HDTMA Coated TiO2-Smectite Composite for the Oxidation of Diclofenac under Solar Light. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow kinetics is one of the capital issues of photocatalytic technology because of its heterogeneous nature, which involves multi-step processes. Herein, we show that the simple modification of the sol-gel-based TiO2-smectite composite by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) significantly boosts adsorption and photocatalytic efficient sol-gel-based light towards the removal of diclofenac from water. Three photocatalysts were prepared, including TiO2, TiO2-smectite, and HDTMA-TiO2-smectite. The materials were characterized to understand the surface interaction and crystal characteristics. In terms of photoactivity, it was found that the addition of HDTMA to TiO2-smectite improved the removal rate by twice. HDTMA changes the functional groups to TiO2-smectite composite allowing enhanced adsorption and photoactivity through the so-called Adsorb and Shuttle process. The recycling tests show that HDTMA-TiO2-smectite can be used up to four times with good performance. This modification approach could intensify the removal of pollutants from water instead of using complicated and costly techniques.
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31
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Laajimi H, Zorainy MY, Schieppati D, Boffito DC. Sonocatalytic Biodiesel Transesterification to Produce a Lubricant. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hela Laajimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Centre ville, Montréal, QuebecH3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Yosry Zorainy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Centre ville, Montréal, QuebecH3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Dalma Schieppati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Centre ville, Montréal, QuebecH3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Daria C. Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Centre ville, Montréal, QuebecH3C 3A7, Canada
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32
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Hinchliffe BA, Turner P, J H Cant D, De Santis E, Aggarwal P, Harris R, Templeton D, Shard AG, Hodnett M, Minelli C. Deagglomeration of DNA nanomedicine carriers using controlled ultrasonication. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106141. [PMID: 36067646 PMCID: PMC9463456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Control over the agglomeration state of manufactured particle systems for drug and oligonucleotide intracellular delivery is paramount to ensure reproducible and scalable therapeutic efficacy. Ultrasonication is a well-established mechanism for the deagglomeration of bulk powders in dispersion. Its use in manufacturing requires strict control of the uniformity and reproducibility of the cavitation field within the sample volume to minimise within-batch and batch-to-batch variability. In this work, we demonstrate the use of a reference cavitating vessel which provides stable and reproducible cavitation fields over litre-scale volumes to assist the controlled deagglomeration of a novel non-viral particle-based plasmid delivery system. The system is the Nuvec delivery platform, comprising polyethylenimine-coated spiky silica particles with diameters of ∼ 200 nm. We evaluated the use of controlled cavitation at different input powers and stages of preparation, for example before and after plasmid loading. Plasmid loading was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis. The latter was also used to assess plasmid integrity and the ability of the particles to protect plasmid from potential degradation caused by the deagglomeration process. We show the utility of laser diffraction and differential centrifugal sedimentation in quantifying the efficacy of product de-agglomeration in the microscale and nanoscale size range respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess potential damages to the silica particle structure due to the sonication process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piers Turner
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK
| | - David J H Cant
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK
| | | | - Purnank Aggarwal
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK
| | - Rob Harris
- N4 Pharma, Weston House, Bradgate Park View, Chellaston DE73 5UJ, UK
| | - David Templeton
- N4 Pharma, Weston House, Bradgate Park View, Chellaston DE73 5UJ, UK
| | - Alex G Shard
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK
| | - Mark Hodnett
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK
| | - Caterina Minelli
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington SW11 0LW, UK.
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Olive Mill Wastewater Remediation: From Conventional Approaches to Photocatalytic Processes by Easily Recoverable Materials. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive oil production in Mediterranean countries represents a crucial market, especially for Spain, Italy, and Greece. However, although this sector plays a significant role in the European economy, it also leads to dramatic environmental consequences. Waste generated from olive oil production processes can be divided into solid waste and olive mill wastewaters (OMWW). These latter are characterized by high levels of organic compounds (i.e., polyphenols) that have been efficiently removed because of their hazardous environmental effects. Over the years, in this regard, several strategies have been primarily investigated, but all of them are characterized by advantages and weaknesses, which need to be overcome. Moreover, in recent years, each country has developed national legislation to regulate this type of waste, in line with the EU legislation. In this scenario, the present review provides an insight into the different methods used for treating olive mill wastewaters paying particular attention to the recent advances related to the development of more efficient photocatalytic approaches. In this regard, the most advanced photocatalysts should also be easily recoverable and considered valid alternatives to the currently used conventional systems. In this context, the optimization of innovative systems is today’s object of hard work by the research community due to the profound potential they can offer in real applications. This review provides an overview of OMWW treatment methods, highlighting advantages and disadvantages and discussing the still unresolved critical issues.
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Cionti C, Vavassori G, Pargoletti E, Meroni D, Cappelletti G. One-step, highly stable Pickering emulsions stabilized by ZnO: tuning emulsion stability by in situ functionalization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:82-89. [PMID: 35908434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Oxide-stabilized emulsions generally require a surface functionalization step to tune the oxide wettability, often involving hazardous hydrophobizing agents. Here, we propose the in situ functionalization of ZnO in vegetable oils without the addition of any modifier, resulting in the one-step formation of highly stable Pickering emulsions. EXPERIMENTS The role of ZnO surface features was studied by modifying the particles' wettability through surface functionalization and by comparing different oil phases. The emulsion stability was assessed through aging tests, multiple hot-and-cold cycles, centrifugation, and addition of multiple electrolytes. FINDINGS While the wetting features of the functionalized oxide play a crucial role when the oil phase is methyl octanoate, emulsions based on vegetable oils form also using hydrophilic ZnO. During the emulsification, an in situ functionalization of bare ZnO particles takes place due to the fatty acids present in vegetable oil. These in situ-generated systems lead to stable emulsions showing < 2 μm-diameter oil droplets. The resulting emulsions display excellent stability over time (over seven months) and against temperature variations, mechanical stress and increased ionic strength. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach can be extended to a variety of vegetable oils and oxides with different morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cionti
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vavassori
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pargoletti
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Daniela Meroni
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, Florence 50121, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Cappelletti
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano 20133, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, Florence 50121, Italy.
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Mussagy CU, Pereira JFB, Santos-Ebinuma VC, Pessoa A, Raghavan V. Insights into using green and unconventional technologies to recover natural astaxanthin from microbial biomass. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11211-11225. [PMID: 35766952 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2093326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms such as bacteria, microalgae and fungi, are natural and rich sources of several valuable bioactive antioxidant's compounds, including carotenoids. Among the carotenoids with antioxidant properties, astaxanthin can be highlighted due to its pharmaceutical, feed, food, cosmetic and biotechnological applications. The best-known producers of astaxanthin are yeast and microalgae cells that biosynthesize this pigment intracellularly, requiring efficient and sustainable downstream procedures for its recovery. Conventional multi-step procedures usually involve the consumption of large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are regarded as toxic and hazardous chemicals. Considering these environmental issues, this review is focused on revealing the potential of unconventional extraction procedures [viz., Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), High-Pressure Homogenization (HPH)] combined with alternative green solvents (biosolvents, eutectic solvents and ionic liquids) for the recovery of microbial-based astaxanthin from microalgae (such as Haematococcus pluvialis) and yeast (such as Phaffia rhodozyma) cells. The principal advances in the area, process bottlenecks, solvent selection and strategies to improve the recovery of microbial astaxanthin are emphasized. The promising recovery yields using these environmentally friendly procedures in lab-scale are good indications and directions for their effective use in biotechnological processes for the production of commercial feed and food ingredients like astaxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassamo U Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, Chile
| | - Jorge F B Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II - Pinhal de Marrocos, Univ. Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Valéria C Santos-Ebinuma
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Department of Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Wang T, Le T, Hu J, Ravindra AV, Xv H, Zhang L, Wang S, Yin S. Ultrasonic-assisted ozone degradation of organic pollutants in industrial sulfuric acid. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 86:106043. [PMID: 35598512 PMCID: PMC9127698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a combination of ozone (O3) and ultrasound (US) has been firstly used to decolorize black concentrated sulfuric acid with high organic content. The effect of different reaction factors on the transparency, extent of decolorization, H2SO4 mass fraction, and organic pollutants removal is studied. In addition, the systematic interaction between ultrasound and ozone on the decolorization process is reviewed through comparative experiments of O3, US and US/O3. A sulfuric acid product that meets the requirements for first-class products in national standards, with an extent of decolorization of 74.07%, transparency of 70 mm, and a mass fraction of 98.04%, is obtained under the optimized conditions. Under the same conditions, it has been established that the treatment time can be saved by 25% using the US/O3 process compared to using O3. Further, the production of oxidative free radicals (•OH) in a concentrated sulfuric acid system is enhanced using the US/O3 process compared with O3. In addition, the degree of effectiveness of different oxidizing components on the decolorization process is revealed by adding different free radical shielding agents when the US/O3 process is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Thiquynhxuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Annavarapu V Ravindra
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu 603203, India
| | - Haoran Xv
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
| | - Shixing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Shaohua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
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