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Gan Y, Gong B, Huang X, Fang F, Peng T, Liu Z. Response of aerobic granular sludge under acute inhibition by polystyrene microplastics: Activity, aggregation performance, and microbial analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123923. [PMID: 38580060 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the activity, aggregation performance, microbial community and functional proteins of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in response to acute inhibition by different concentrations of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) were investigated. As the PS-MPs concentration increased from 0 mg/L to 200 mg/L, the specific nitrogen removal rate and the activity of enzymes were inhibited. The inhibition of specific nitrite reduction rate (SNIRR) and specific nitrate reduction rate (SNRR) was most obvious at the PS-MPs concentration of 100 mg/L, and that of nitrite reductase (NIR) and nitrate reductase (NR) was most obvious at the concentration of 50 mg/L. But the inhibitory effects were mitigated at the concentration of 200 mg/L. The increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicated that the cells were damaged with the increase of PS-MPs concentration. The content of proteins and polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) decreased, especially the polysaccharides were more affected. Analysis of zeta potential, hydrophobicity and surface thermodynamics of AGS revealed that addition of PS-MPs was unfavorable for AGS aggregation. It was also found that bacteria genera associated with EPS secretion and nitrogen removal functions were inhibited, while functions associated with cell metabolism, protein synthesis and cell repair were enhanced. This also confirmed that acute inhibition of PS-MPs had a detrimental effect on the nitrogen removal and aggregation performance of AGS. This study can provide theoretical support for the operation of AGS reactors under microplastics impact load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Gan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Bingrou Gong
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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He S, Zhao L, Feng L, Zhao W, Liu Y, Hu T, Li J, Zhao Q, Wei L, You S. Mechanistic insight into the aggregation ability of anammox microorganisms: Roles of polarity, composition and molecular structure of extracellular polymeric substances. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121438. [PMID: 38467096 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The chemical characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) play a crucial role in the rapid enrichment of AnAOB and the stable operation of wastewater anammox processes. To clarify the influential mechanisms of sludge EPS on AnAOB aggregation, multiple parameters, including the polarity distribution, composition, and molecular structure of EPS, were selected, and their quantitative relationship with AnAOB aggregation was analyzed. Compared to typical anaerobic sludge (anaerobic floc and granular sludge), the anammox sludge EPS exhibited higher levels of tryptophan-like substances (44.82-56.52 % vs. 2.57-39.81 %), polysaccharides (40.02-53.49 mg/g VSS vs. 30.22-41.69 mg/g VSS), and protein structural units including α-helices (20.70-23.98 % vs. 16.48-19.32 %), β-sheets (37.43-42.98 % vs. 25.78-36.72 %), and protonated nitrogen (Npr) (0.065-0.122 vs. 0.017-0.061). In contrast, it had lower contents of β-turns (20.95-27.39 % vs. 28.17-39.04 %). These biopolymers were found to originate from different genera of AnAOB. Specifically, the α-helix-rich proteins were mainly derived from Candidatus Kuenenia, whereas the extracellular proteins related to tryptophan and Npr were closely associated with Candidatus Brocadia. Critically, these EPS components could drive anammox aggregation through interactions. Substantial amounts of tryptophan-like substances facilitated the formation of β-sheet structures and the exposure of internal hydrophobic clusters, which benefited the anammox aggregation. Meanwhile, extracellular proteins with high Npr content played a pivotal role in the formation of mixed protein-polysaccharide gel networks with the electronegative regions of polysaccharides, which could be regarded as the key component in the maintenance of anammox sludge stability. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted roles of EPS in driving anammox aggregation and offer valuable insights into the development of EPS regulation strategies aimed at optimizing the anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lingxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Likui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Weixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Tianyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jianju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Shijie You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Hui W, Zhou J, Jin R. Amino acid preparation and recovery from refractory sludge by the oxidative acid hydrolysis process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1989-1999. [PMID: 36519308 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2159541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
After the anaerobic digestion of excess sludge, dissolved organic matter is absorbed and used, but the treatment of refractory sludge is a headache. The oxidative acid (performic acid and hydrochloric acid) hydrolysis process can effectively prepare amino acids from refractory sludge. During the preparation process, insoluble proteins in sludge were turned into soluble proteins and peptides. All of them eventually hydrolyse into amino acids. The optimum conditions in the single-factor experiment were as follows: a temperature of 110°C, a reaction time of 24 h, and a hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration of 6 M. The results showed that the maximum total yield of amino acids from refractory sludge was 94.76%. In the orthogonal experiment, the maximum total yield of amino acids was 97.20% under the optimum conditions of a temperature of 113.45°C, a reaction time of 26.79 h, and 5.92 M HCl. The recovery rate of purity amino acids was 17.16 g per 100 g of dry sludge. The recovery rate of the hydrochloric acid was approximately 70%. There were 17 kinds of amino acids in the hydrolysate, which could be used as deodorants, food additives, preservatives, and corrosion inhibitors. This new technology is expected to be very effective in the treatment of refractory sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Hui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruofei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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Janhvi S, Saini S, Singh V, Sharma T, Rao A. ProGlycProt V3.0: updated insights into prokaryotic glycoproteins and their glycosyltransferases. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwad103. [PMID: 38153163 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ProGlycProt is a comprehensive database of experimentally validated information about protein glycosylation in prokaryotes, including the glycoproteins, glycosyltransferases, and their accessory enzymes. The first release of ProGlycProt featured experimentally validated information on glycoproteins only. For the second release in 2019, the size and scope of the database were expanded twofold, and experimental data on cognate glycosyltransferases and their accessory proteins was incorporated. The growing research and technology interest in microbial glycoproteins and their enzymes is evident from the steady rise in academic publications and patents in this area. Accordingly, the third update comprises a new section on patents related to glycosylation methods, novel glycosyltransferases, and technologies developed therefrom. The structure gallery is reorganized, wherein the number and quality of the models are upgraded with the help of AlphaFold2. Over the years, the influx of experimental proteomics data into public repositories like PRIDE has surged. Harnessing this legacy data for in-silico glycoprotein identification is a smart approach. Version 3.0 adds 45 N-glycoprotein entries annotated from MS datasets available on PRIDE and reviewed by independent research groups. With a 67% rise in entries corresponding to 119 genera of prokaryotes, the ProGlycProt continues to be the exclusive database of experimentally validated comprehensive information about protein glycosylation in prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Janhvi
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Shikha Saini
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Vaidhvi Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Tarun Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Alka Rao
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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Chen Y, Guo G, Li YY. Kinetic and elemental characterization of HAP-based high-rate partial nitritation/anammox system orienting stability and inorganic elemental requirements. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121169. [PMID: 38281335 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Anammox-based processes are attractive for biological nitrogen removal, and the combination of anammox and hydroxyapatite (HAP) is promising for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. However, the kinetics of one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PNA) in which ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria (AnAOB) exist in a reactor are poorly understood. Moreover, inorganic elements are required to promote microbial cell synthesis and growth; therefore, monitoring of elements to prevent the limitation and inhibition of the process is critical. The minimum amounts of inorganic elements required for a one-stage PNA process and the elemental flow remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, kinetics, stoichiometry, and element flow in the long-term, high-rate, continuous, one-stage HAP-PNA process with microaerobic granular sludge at 25 °C were determined using process modeling, parameter estimation, and mass balance. The biomass elemental composition was determined to be CH2.2O0.89N0.18S0.0091, and the biomass yield (Yobs) was calculated to be 0.0805 g/g NH4+-N. Therefore, a stoichiometric reaction equation for the one-stage HAP-PNA system was also proposed. The maximum specific growth rate (μm) of AnAOB and AOB were 0.0360 and 0.0982 d-1 with doubling times of 19 and 7.1 d, respectively. Finally, the elemental requirements for stable and high-rate performance were determined using element flow analysis. These findings are essential for developing the anammox-based process in a stable and resource-efficient manner and determining engineering applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Guangze Guo
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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Chang G, Yang J, Li X, Liao H, Li S, Hou J, Zhong G, Wang J, Deng M, Xue Y. Iron-modified carriers accelerate biofilm formation and resist anammox bacteria loss in biofilm reactors for partial denitrification-anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130223. [PMID: 38113948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The slow formation of anammox biofilms presents a bottleneck for resolving anammox bacterial loss and achieving stable performance in biofilm-based partial denitrification-anammox (PD-A) processes. This study utilized iron-modified (K1/Fe3O4 NPs) carriers, which were prepared and used for the first time in PD-A processes. Parallel moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) indicated that iron-modified carriers facilitated the formation of biofilms at a faster rate than K1 carriers, consequently improving the nitrogen removal performance of the process by over 40 %. 16S rDNA analysis showed that anammox bacteria were approximately four times more abundant in the iron-modified carrier biofilm than in the K1 carrier biofilm. XPS and zeta potential analysis suggested that the improved microbial affinity of the iron-modified carrier surface caused this. As a result, the iron-modified carriers facilitated the formation of anammox biofilms and enhanced PD-A performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genwang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Haiqing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaokang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Junhua Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Genmao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mingtao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yiheng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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7
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Wang S, Zhu XM, Hong SD, Zheng SJ, Wang YB, Huang XC, Tian YC, Li WT, Lu YZ, Wu J, Zeng RJ, Dai K, Zhang F. Unveiling the Occurrence and Non-Negligible Role of Amino Sugars in Waste Activated Sludge Fermentation by an Enriched Chitin-Degradation Consortium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1966-1975. [PMID: 38153028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) can form a hybrid matrix network with proteins, impeding waste-activated sludge (WAS) fermentation. Amino sugars, such as N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers and sialic acid, are the non-negligible components in the EPS of aerobic granules or biofilm. However, the occurrence of amino sugars in WAS and their degradation remains unclear. Thus, amino sugars (∼6.0%) in WAS were revealed, and the genera of Lactococcus and Zoogloea were identified for the first time. Chitin was used as the substrate to enrich a chitin-degrading consortium (CDC). The COD balances for methane production ranged from 83.3 and 95.1%. Chitin was gradually converted to oligosaccharides and GlcNAc after dosing with the extracellular enzyme. After doing enriched CDC in WAS, the final methane production markedly increased to 60.4 ± 0.6 mL, reflecting an increase of ∼62%. Four model substrates of amino sugars (GlcNAc and sialic acid) and polysaccharides (cellulose and dextran) could be used by CDC. Treponema (34.3%) was identified as the core bacterium via excreting chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52), especially the genetic abundance of chitinases in CDC was 2.5 times higher than that of WAS. Thus, this study provides an elegant method for the utilization of amino sugar-enriched organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Si-Di Hong
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Si-Jie Zheng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xing-Chen Huang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ye-Chao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yong-Ze Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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Chen LM, Keisham S, Tateno H, van Ede J, Pronk M, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin Y. Alterations of Glycan Composition in Aerobic Granular Sludge during the Adaptation to Seawater Conditions. ACS ES&T WATER 2024; 4:279-286. [PMID: 38229592 PMCID: PMC10788855 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.3c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria can synthesize a diverse array of glycans, being found attached to proteins and lipids or as loosely associated polysaccharides to the cells. The major challenge in glycan analysis in environmental samples lies in developing high-throughput and comprehensive characterization methodologies to elucidate the structure and monitor the change of the glycan profile, especially in protein glycosylation. To this end, in the current research, the dynamic change of the glycan profile of a few extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) samples was investigated by high-throughput lectin microarray and mass spectrometry, as well as sialylation and sulfation analysis. Those EPS were extracted from aerobic granular sludge collected at different stages during its adaptation to the seawater condition. It was found that there were glycoproteins in all of the EPS samples. In response to the exposure to seawater, the amount of glycoproteins and their glycan diversity displayed an increase during adaptation, followed by a decrease once the granules reached a stable state of adaptation. Information generated sheds light on the approaches to identify and monitor the diversity and dynamic alteration of the glycan profile of the EPS in response to environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Min Chen
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sunanda Keisham
- Cellular
and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Cellular
and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Jitske van Ede
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Pronk
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Royal
HaskoningDHV, Laan 1914
35, Amersfoort 3800 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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9
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Zhang X, Zhao B, An Q, Zhang P. The influence of different nitrate concentrations on aerobic sludge granulation and the role of extracellular polymeric substances. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119226. [PMID: 37820429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of nitrate on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) granulation. The introduction of nitrate at 5, 15 and 20 mg L-1 promoted AGS granulation, and the promoting effect was positively correlated with nitrate concentrations. Meanwhile, exogenous nitrate significantly increased denitrification rate in the AGS system. However, granular disintegration appeared at a long-term addition of nitrate. An in-deep analysis showed that nitrate stimulated the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), especially the content of proteins, which might be the main reason for the AGS granulation. However, the rapid and excessive increase in EPS might cause granular disintegration, as excessive EPS blocked the transmission of substrates, leading to the increase of dead cells in the granules. Besides, nitrate also altered the hydrophobicity of EPS and the content of α-helix, 3-turned helix and polymeric chain that favored aggregation, which also affected AGS granulation. From the microbial community level, nitrate induced the enrichment of denitrifying bacteria, including those that also functioned as EPS producers, such as Micropruina and Flavobacterium, resulting in the rapid increase of functional enzymes associated with amino acid synthesis, thereby promoting the secretion of proteins in EPS. Conversely, disintegration caused by mass transfer blockage might lead to the loss of EPS producing bacteria and subsequent decrease in EPS content, further accelerating granular disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Qiang An
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
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10
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Xu ZX, Tan Y, Ma XQ, Li B, Chen YX, Zhang B, Osman SM, Luo JY, Luque R. Valorization of sewage sludge for facile and green wood bio-adhesives production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117421. [PMID: 37852465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A method is presented herein for the design of wood bio-adhesives using sewage sludge extracts (SSE). SSE was extracted from SS using deep eutectic solvents and processed with glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE) to disrupt the secondary structure of proteins. An additive was also used to improve mechanical performance. The resulting bio-adhesive (SSE/GTE@TA) had a wet shear strength of 0.93 MPa, meeting the Chinese national standard GB/T 9846-2015 (≥0.7 MPa). However, the high polysaccharide content in SSE would weaken the mechanical properties of wood bio-adhesives. The key to improve bio-adhesive quality was the formation of a strong chemical bond via Maillard reaction as well as higher temperatures (140 °C) to reduce polysaccharide content via dehydration. This approach has lower environmental impact and higher economic efficiency compared to incineration and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. This work provides a new perspective on the high-value utilization of SS and offers a novel approach to developing bio-adhesives for the wood industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xue-Qin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yong-Xing Chen
- Zhoukou Normal University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wenchang Avenue, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Rafael Luque
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km. 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador.
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11
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Liu X, Xin X, Yang W, Zhang X. Effect mechanism of micron-scale zero-valent iron enhanced pyrite-driven denitrification biofilter for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1847-1860. [PMID: 37955735 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effect mechanism of micron-scale zero-valent iron (mZVI) to improve nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a pyrite (FeS2)-driven denitrification biofilter (DNBF) for the secondary effluent treatment. Two similar DNBFs (DNBF-A with FeS2 as fillers and DNBF-B with the mixture mZVI and FeS2 as carrier) were developed. The results showed that NO3--N, total nitrogen (TN) and PO43--P removal efficiencies were up to 91.64%, 67.44% and 80.26% in DNBF-B, which were obviously higher than those of DNBF-A (with NO3--N, TN and PO43--P removal efficiencies of 38.39%, 44.89% and 53.02%, respectively). Kinetic analysis of both PO43--P and NO3--N showed an increase in the rate constant (K) for DNBF-B compared to DNBF-A. The addition of mZVI not only improved the electron transport system activity (ETSA), but also achieved system Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox cycle in DNBF-B. In addition, the high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the addition of mZVI could obviously stimulate the enrichment of functional bacteria, such as Thiobacillus (11.99%), Mesotoga (7.50%), JGI-0000079D21 (6.37%), norank_f__Bacteroidetes_vadinHA17 (6.19%), Aquimonas (5.93%) and Arenimonas (3.97%). These genus played the important role in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in DNBF-B. Addition mZVI in the FeS2-driven denitrification biofilter is highly promising for TN and TP removal during secondary effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Xin Xin
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China.
| | - Wenyu Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
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12
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Gao J, Li L, Yuan S, Sun J, Chen S, Dong B. Reconceptualization of the mechanism of thermal hydrolysis pretreatment to enhance the anaerobic conversion of sludge organic nitrogen: Decisive role of organic nitrogen occurrence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165703. [PMID: 37487905 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence state of organic nitrogen (ON) is the key to affect anaerobic biotransformation of sludge. ON in sludge was chemically classified as PA (easily accessible part), PB (moderately accessible) and PC (hardly accessible) according to the modified CNCPS method. The components of them were analyzed by PY-GCMS, and it was identified that PA was extracellular amino acids, peptides and proteins; PB was genetic material, cell wall peptidoglycans and intracellular proteins; PC was ON that cross-linked with complex macromolecules. The conversion characteristics of PA, PB and PC in sludge and their relationship with anaerobic digestion (AD) performance were investigated after thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) at different temperatures (100-180 °C). With the increase of THP temperature, the hydrolysis of PA and the conversion of PB to PA were promoted. At 180-THP, part of PA was converted to PC due to thermochemical reactions. In the fast degradation stage of AD of ON (ON-fast), PA is the main component of degradation; while in the slow degradation stage (ON-slow), the degradation of ON is mainly dominated by PB. Therefore, THP can significantly increase the proportion of ON-fast and reduce the ON fraction in the digestate (ON-hard). Moreover, PA and PB, rather than PC, were identified as dominant in ON-hard with or without THP for the first time, overturning the traditional view (remaining ON after AD was that cross-linked with complex macromolecules). This is due to that PA and PB are the main ON that make up microbial cells. The findings upgraded our perspective on conversion of ON of sludge during AD and inspire the shifted focus from "degrading PC" to "PC accumulation" for later use, through targeted enhanced PA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shijie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing, China.
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13
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Qian Y, He S, Chen F, Shen J, Guo Y, Qin Y, Li YY. Coupled systems of pre-denitrification and partial nitritation/anammox improved functional microbial structure and nitrogen removal in treating swine manure digestate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129494. [PMID: 37460018 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the functional activity and microbial structure of a pre-denitrification and single-stage partial nitritation/anammox process (DB-SNAP) coupled system for effectively treating swine manure digestate (SMD). At influent ammonium concentrations of (1000 to 1500) mg/L, the pre-denitrification reactor increased the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) by 5%, resulting in an average NRE of 96%. The DB-SNAP and nitrogen-limited strategy facilitated the rapid adoption of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) in the SMD, maintaining a high specific rate of 0.3gN/gVSS/d. A high secretion of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (76 mg/gVSS to 102 mg/gVSS) promoted micro-granule aggregation and stability. Moreover, Ca. Kuenenia, an AnAOB genus, was highly enriched from 21% to (27 to 30) %, whereas Nitrospira, a nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, was significantly suppressed to (0 to 0.05) %. These findings will provide valuable guidance in implementing the anammox process in swine wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Qian
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shilong He
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Fuqiang Chen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Junhao Shen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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14
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Liu Y, Yue T, Liu L, Zhang B, Feng H, Li S, Liu X, Dai Y, Zhao J. Molecular assembly of extracellular polymeric substances regulating aggregation of differently charged nanoplastics and subsequent interactions with bacterial membrane. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131825. [PMID: 37315410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) represent an interface between microbial cells and aquatic environment, where nanoplastics acquire coatings to alter their fate and toxicity. However, little is known about molecular interactions governing modification of nanoplastics at biological interfaces. Molecular dynamics simulations combining experiments were conducted to investigate assembly of EPS and its regulatory roles in the aggregation of differently charged nanoplastics and interactions with bacterial membrane. Driven by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, EPS formed micelle-like supramolecular structures with hydrophobic core and amphiphilic exterior. Different components, depending on their hydrophobicity and charge, were found to promote or suppress EPS assembly. Neutral and hydrophobic nanoplastics showed unbiased adsorption of EPS species, while cationic and anionic nanoplastics were distinct and attracted specific molecules of opposite charges. Compared with isolated EPS, assembled EPS concealed hydrophobic groups to be less adsorbed by nanoplastics. Aggregation of nanoplastics was alleviated by EPS due to electrostatic repulsion plus steric hindrance. ESP suppressed binding of cationic nanoplastics to the bacterial membrane through reducing the surface charge. Neutral and anionic nanoplastics showed weak membrane association, but their binding interactions were promoted by EPS. The structural details revealed here provided molecular level insights into modifications of nanoplastics at the eco-environment interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tongtao Yue
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hao Feng
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yanhui Dai
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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15
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Yu J, Xiao K, Xu H, Li Y, Xue Q, Xue W, Zhang A, Wen X, Xu G, Huang X. Spectroscopic fingerprints profiling the polysaccharide/protein/humic architecture of stratified extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119866. [PMID: 36934542 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), with a stratified structure including tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS), loosely-bound EPS (LB-EPS), and soluble EPS (S-EPS) surrounding the microbial cells, are known to vitally affect the physicochemical and biological functions of activated sludge in wastewater treatment. Polysaccharides (PS), proteins (PN), and humic acids (HA) are key components of EPS but their roles in constructing the multi-layer architecture are still unclear. This study explored the EPS characteristics in relation to the components using spectroscopic fingerprinting techniques. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra demonstrated stark difference between TB-EPS and other EPS. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (FEEM) and apparent quantum yield revealed further detailed differences. Fluorescence quotient analysis highlighted the dominance of TB-EPS, LB-EPS, and S-EPS in the excitation/emission wavelength (Ex/Em) region of Em = 350-400 nm, Em > 400 nm, and low-Stokes shift band (Em - Ex < 25 nm), respectively. Wavelength-wise prediction of the FEEM intensity was achieved through multiple linear regression against the chemical composition and variance partitioning analysis witnessed binary interactions of PS×HA and PS×PN in S-EPS, PN×HA and PS×PN in LB-EPS, and ternary interaction of PS×PN×HA in TB-EPS as well as the wavelength-specific fluorescence responses of these interactions. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectra, and circular dichroism spectra corroborated the differences in primary, secondary, and tertiary structures across the EPS layers. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detected molecular fragments confirming the multi-component hybridization among PS, PN, and HA. This study demonstrates a spectroscopic approach to sensitively fingerprint the fine structure of EPS, which has the potential for rapid monitoring of EPS and related sludge properties in wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Yu
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Qiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenchao Xue
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xianghua Wen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Guoren Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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16
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Peng H, Wang N, Wang M, Yang C, Guo W, Li G, Huang S, Wei D, Liu D. Comparison of Activity and Safety of DSPAα1 and Its N-Glycosylation Mutants. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040985. [PMID: 37109514 PMCID: PMC10145227 DOI: 10.3390/life13040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
DSPAα1 is a potent rude thrombolytic protein with high medicative value. DSPAα1 has two natural N-glycan sites (N153Q-S154-S155, N398Q-K399-T400) that may lead to immune responses when administered in vivo. We aimed to study the effect of its N-glycosylation sites on DSPAα1 in vitro and in vivo by mutating these N-glycosylation sites. In this experiment, four single mutants and one double mutant were predicted and expressed in Pichia pastoris. When the N398Q-K399-T400 site was mutated, the fibrinolytic activity of the mutant was reduced by 75%. When the N153Q-S154-S155 sites were inactivated as described above, the plasminogen activating activity of its mutant was reduced by 40%, and fibrin selectivity was significantly reduced by 21-fold. The introduction of N-glycosylation on N184-G185-A186T and K368N-S369-S370 also considerably reduced the activity and fibrin selectivity of DSPAα1. The pH tolerance and thermotolerance of all mutants did not change significantly. In vivo experiments also confirmed that N-glycosylation mutations can reduce the safety of DSPAα1, lead to prolonged bleeding time, non-physiological reduction of coagulation factor (α2-AP, PAI) concentration, and increase the risk of irregular bleeding. This study ultimately demonstrated the effect of N-glycosylation mutations on the activity and safety of DSPAα1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huakang Peng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Caifeng Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenfang Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gangqiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sumei Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Di Wei
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Dehu Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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17
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Surface-layer protein is a public-good matrix exopolymer for microbial community organisation in environmental anammox biofilms. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:803-812. [PMID: 36871068 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are core biofilm components, yet how they mediate interactions within and contribute to the structuring of biofilms is largely unknown, particularly for non-culturable microbial communities that predominate in environmental habitats. To address this knowledge gap, we explored the role of EPS in an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biofilm. An extracellular glycoprotein, BROSI_A1236, from an anammox bacterium, formed envelopes around the anammox cells, supporting its identification as a surface (S-) layer protein. However, the S-layer protein also appeared at the edge of the biofilm, in close proximity to the polysaccharide-coated filamentous Chloroflexi bacteria but distal to the anammox bacterial cells. The Chloroflexi bacteria assembled into a cross-linked network at the edge of the granules and surrounding anammox cell clusters, with the S-layer protein occupying the space around the Chloroflexi. The anammox S-layer protein was also abundant at junctions between Chloroflexi cells. Thus, the S-layer protein is likely transported through the matrix as an EPS and also acts as an adhesive to facilitate the assembly of filamentous Chloroflexi into a three-dimensional biofilm lattice. The spatial distribution of the S-layer protein within the mixed species biofilm suggests that it is a "public-good" EPS, which facilitates the assembly of other bacteria into a framework for the benefit of the biofilm community, and enables key syntrophic relationships, including anammox.
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18
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Tomás-Martínez S, Zwolsman EJ, Merlier F, Pabst M, Lin Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Weissbrodt DG. Turnover of the extracellular polymeric matrix of granules performing biological phosphate removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1997-2009. [PMID: 36759376 PMCID: PMC10006046 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) are responsible for enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) from wastewater, where they grow embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPSs comprise a mixture of biopolymers like polysaccharides or (glyco)proteins. Despite previous studies, little is known about the dynamics of EPS in mixed cultures, and their production by PAOs and potential consumption by flanking microbes. EPSs are biodegradable and have been suggested to be a substrate for other organisms in the community. Studying EPS turnover can help elucidate their biosynthesis and biodegradation cycles. We analyzed the turnover of proteins and polysaccharides in the EPS of an enrichment culture of PAOs relative to the turnover of internal proteins. An anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) simulating EBPR conditions was operated to enrich for PAOs. After achieving a stable culture, carbon source was switched to uniformly 13C-labeled acetate. Samples were collected at the end of each aerobic phase. EPSs were extracted by alkaline treatment. 13C enrichment in proteins and sugars (after hydrolysis of polysaccharides) in the extracted EPS were measured by mass spectrometry. The average turnover rate of sugars and proteins (0.167 and 0.192 d-1 respectively) was higher than the expected value based on the solid removal rate (0.132 d-1), and no significant difference was observed between intracellular and extracellular proteins. This indicates that EPS from the PAO enriched community is not selectively degraded by flanking populations under stable EBPR process conditions. Instead, we observed general decay of biomass, which corresponds to a value of 0.048 d-1. KEY POINTS: • Proteins showed a higher turnover rate than carbohydrates. • Turnover of EPS was similar to the turnover of intracellular proteins. • EPS is not preferentially consumed by flanking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Erwin J Zwolsman
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Franck Merlier
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, CS, France
| | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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19
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Tomás-Martínez S, Chen LM, Pabst M, Weissbrodt DG, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin Y. Enrichment and application of extracellular nonulosonic acids containing polymers of Accumulibacter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:931-941. [PMID: 36484828 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pseudaminic and legionaminic acids are a subgroup of nonulosonic acids (NulOs) unique to bacterial species. There is a lack of advances in the study of these NulOs due to their complex synthesis and production. Recently, it was seen that "Candidatus Accumulibacter" can produce Pse or Leg analogues as part of its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In order to employ a "Ca. Accumulibacter" enrichment as production platform for bacterial sialic acids, it is necessary to determine which fractions of the EPS of "Ca. Accumulibacter" contain NulOs and how to enrich and/or isolate them. We extracted the EPS from granules enriched with "Ca. Accumulibcater" and used size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) to separate them into different molecular weight (MW) fractions. This separation resulted in two high molecular weight (> 5500 kDa) fractions dominated by polysaccharides, with a NulO content up to 4 times higher than the extracted EPS. This suggests that NulOs in "Ca. Accumulibacter" are likely located in high molecular weight polysaccharides. Additionally, it was seen that the extracted EPS and the NulO-rich fractions can bind and neutralize histones. This opens the possibility of EPS and NulO-rich fractions as potential source for sepsis treatment drugs. KEY POINTS: • NulOs in "Ca. Accumulibacter" are likely located in high MW polysaccharides • SEC allows to obtain high MW polysaccharide-rich fractions enriched with NulOs • EPS and the NulOs-rich fractions are a potential source for sepsis treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Le Min Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van Der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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20
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Ji CC, Chen KY, Deng SK, Wang JX, Hu YX, Xu XH, Cheng LH. Fouling evolution of extracellular polymeric substances in forward osmosis based microalgae dewatering. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119395. [PMID: 36463677 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling was still a challenge for the potential application of forward osmosis (FO) in algae dewatering. In this study, the fouling behaviors of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were compared in the FO membrane filtration process, and the roles of their soluble-extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) and bound-EPS (bEPS) in fouling performance were investigated. The results showed that fouling behaviors could be divided into two stages including a quickly dropped and later a stable process. The bEPS of both species presented the highest flux decline (about 40.0%) by comparison with their sEPS, cells and broth. This performance was consistent with the largest dissolved organic carbon losses in feed solutions, and the highest interfacial free energy analyzed by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. The chemical characterizations of algal foulants further showed that the severe fouling performance was also consistent with a proper ratio of carbohydrates and proteins contents in the cake layer, as well as the higher low molecular weight (LMW) components. Compared with the bEPS, the sEPS was crucial for the membrane fouling of S. obliquus, and an evolution of the membrane fouling structure was found in both species at the later filtration stage. This work clearly revealed the fundamental mechanism of FO membrane fouling caused by real microalgal suspension, and it will improve our understanding of the evolutionary fouling performances of algal EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Ji
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shao-Kang Deng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jian-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yun-Xia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Xu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Cheng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane & Water Treatment Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Xue Y, Ma H, Li YY. Anammox-based granulation cycle for sustainable granular sludge biotechnology from mechanisms to strategies: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 228:119353. [PMID: 36423549 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) granular sludge is a promising biotechnological process for treating low-carbon nitrogenous wastewater, and is featured with low energy consumption and footprint. Previous theoretical and experimental research on anammox granular sludge processes mainly focused on granulation (flocs → granules), but pay little attention to the granulation cycle including granulation and regeneration. This work reviewed the previous studies from the perspective of anammox granules lifecycle and proposed various sustainable formation mechanisms of anammox granules. By reviewing the anaerobic, aerobic, and anammox granulation mechanisms, we summarize the mechanisms of thermodynamic theory, heterogeneous growth, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)-based adhesion, quorum sensing (QS)-based regulation, biomineralization-based growth, and stratification of microorganisms to understand anammox granulation. In the regeneration process, the formation of precursors for re-granulation is explained by the mechanisms of physical crushing, quorum quenching and dispersion cue sensing. Based on the granulation cycle mechanism, the rebuilding of the normal regeneration process is considered essential to avoid granule floatation and the wash-out of granules. This comprehensive review indicates that future research on anammox granulation cycle should focus on the effects of filamentous bacteria in denitrification-anammox granulation cycle, the role of QS/ quorum quenching (QQ)-based autoinducers, development of diversified mechanisms to understand the cycle and the cycle mechanisms of stored granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Haiyuan Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 40045, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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22
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Fu JJ, Wang Y, Yang JH, Huang DQ, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Chen JR, Fan NS, Jin RC. Mitigating the detrimental effects of salt stress on anammox process: A comparison between glycine betaine and mannitol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158221. [PMID: 36041620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of seawater to alleviate water shortages causes an increase of salinity in municipal pipe networks, posing challenges for biological wastewater treatment. The impacts of two compatible solutes on the anammox process under salt stress (20 g L-1) were compared here at the genetic and microbial levels. The findings revealed that both 0.3 mM glycine betaine (GB) and mannitol (MA) could alleviate the salt stress on anammox process, with GB exhibiting a better effect. Specifically, the addition of GB recovered the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) from 40 % to >80 % within 13 days. The addition of MA caused the reduction of the absolute abundance of hdh and hzsA, implying that 0.6 mM was not the optimal concentration. Moreover, salt stress induced an increase in the absolute abundance of nitrification functional genes and a decrease in the abundance of denitrification functional genes. Notably, compared with the initial level, the abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia increased by 7.1 % and 4.3 % after adding GB and MA, respectively. According to the network analysis, two compatible solutes promoted the bacterial interactions in anammox systems, which promoted the nitrogen circulation and further the nitrogen removal performance. This work provides a feasible strategy to relieve the salt stress on anammox process and then facilitates its application for treating saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Fu
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jun-Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dong-Qi Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jin-Rong Chen
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Hao T, Xue W, Zeng Q, Liu R, Chen G. Microbial communities and biosynthetic pathways for the production of sulfated polysaccharides in the activated sludge system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157950. [PMID: 35961395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides (SP) are widely used as industrial additives and pharmaceutical intermediates. As SP can only be extracted from sea algae, making them scarce raw materials. Recently, SP have been detected and extracted from the waste activated sludge of a saline secondary wastewater treatment plant, suggesting that there are alternative primary producers and synthesis pathways of the SP within the biological activated sludge. This study aimed to identify the primary SP producers, the SP biosynthesis pathways as well as the SP production rates in different types of activated sludges cultivated anoxically and/or anaerobically, with and without the presence of sufficient sulfate. The results showed that alternating anaerobic/anoxic conditions in sludge effectively produced the SP by the ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs). The synthesis pathways for the three most common bioactive SP viz. fucoidan, carrageen, and heparin, were identified and elucidated at both the substrate and enzymatic levels. The Western Blot analyses revealed key enzymes for the SP synthesis (e.g., GDP-L-fucose-synthetase, GDP-fucose-pyrophosphorylase, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase), when sulfate was sufficient (>170 mg S/L) under an alternating anaerobic/anoxic conditions. In contrast, the absence of sulfate suppressed the SP production during the initial step of the SP generation. The synthesis of the SP in the sulfate-reducing (anaerobic) sludge was suppressed by the enzymatic inhibition, when sulfide exceeded 160 mg S/L, due to the competition for energy between the SP synthesis and sulfide detoxification. However, in the case of the sulfide-oxidizing sludge both the organic carbon and metabolism energy deficiencies inhibited the SP production. The findings of this study expand the understandings of the SP synthesis in the activated sludge under different operating conditions, including different sulfate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Weiqi Xue
- Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qian Zeng
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rulong Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Baria DM, Patel NY, Yagnik SM, Panchal RR, Rajput KN, Raval VH. Exopolysaccharides from marine microbes with prowess for environment cleanup. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76611-76625. [PMID: 36166130 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A variety of both small and large biologically intriguing compounds can be found abundantly in the marine environment. Researchers are particularly interested in marine bacteria because they can produce classes of bioactive secondary metabolites that are structurally diverse. The main secondary metabolites produced by marine bacteria are regarded as steroids, alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, biopolymers, and polyketides. The global urbanization leads to the increased use of organic pollutants that are both persistent and toxic for humans, other life forms and tend to biomagnified in environment. The issue can be addressed, by using marine microbial biopolymers with ability for increased bioremediation. Amongst biopolymers, the exopolysaccharides (EPS) are the most prominent under adverse environmental stress conditions. The present review emphasizes the use of EPS as a bio-flocculent for wastewater treatment, as an adsorbent for the removal of textile dye and heavy metals from industrial effluents. The biofilm-forming ability of EPS helps with soil reclamation and reduces soil erosion. EPS are an obvious choice being environmentally friendly and cost-effective in processes for developing sustainable technology. However, a better understanding of EPS biosynthetic pathways and further developing novel sustainable technologies is desirable and certainly will pave the way for efficient usage of EPS for environment cleanup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhritiksha Mansukhlal Baria
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, 380 009, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Yogeshbhai Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, 380 009, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Rakeshkumar Ramanlal Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, 380 009, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiransinh Narendrasinh Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, 380 009, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vikram Hiren Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, 380 009, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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25
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Tang Y, Song L, Ji X, Huang S, Yu Y, Ye J, Xu W, Hou M. Algal-bacterial consortium mediated system offers effective removal of nitrogen nutrients and antibiotic resistance genes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127874. [PMID: 36049708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sulfonamide antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) especially sul1 was identified as the dominant in eutrophic water. The performance of Chlorella vulgaris-B. licheniformis consortium toward sul1 removal, total nitrogen (TN) removal, and the mechanism of sul1 removal was investigated. The removal efficiency of exogenous ARGs plasmids carrying sul1 reached (97.2 ± 2.3)%. The TN removal rate reached (98.5 ± 1.2)%. The enhancements of carbon metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and glycoproteins had significant influences on sul1 and TN removals, under the premise of normal growth of algae and bacteria. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results suggested that the absolute abundances of sul1 were low in algal-bacterial systems (0 gene copies/mL) compared with individual systems ((1 × 106 ± 15) gene copies/mL). The duplication of sul1 was inhibited in algal cells and bacterial cells. The algal-bacterial consortium seems to be a promising technology for wastewater treatment with a potential to overcome the eutrophication and ARGs challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Tang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Lili Song
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Xiyan Ji
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China.
| | - Saihua Huang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yueshu Yu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Jing Ye
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- School of Railway Transportation, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
| | - Meifang Hou
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China
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Peng T, Wang Y, Wang J, Fang F, Yan P, Liu Z. Effect of different forms and components of EPS on sludge aggregation during granulation process of aerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135116. [PMID: 35623422 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of three forms of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and their component proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) during the granulation process of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and their effects on the aggregation performance of AGS were studied. Meanwhile, Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlations between different forms of EPS and their components and sludge properties in the granulation process. The results showed that the AGS reactor could be started within 40 days by using the strategy of decreasing sedimentation time, and the sludge granulation degree was 90.22%. It was found that the content of tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) accounted for 72.81-93.11% of the total EPS. Compared with dissolved EPS (S-EPS) and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), TB-EPS had a great impact on the zeta potential and hydrophobicity of sludge surface. During the granulation process, the content and relative hydrophobicity of PN in TB-EPS increased from 30.38 ± 0.12 mg/g VSS to 83.99 ± 2.05 mg/g VSS and 37.63%-71.25%, respectively. Through the flocculation experiment, it showed that the contribution rate of TB-EPS to the flocculation capacity of sludge cells increased from 13.30% to 35.37% and that of PN to flocculation capacity was 76.93%, which was 6.8 times that of PS. It indicated that TB-EPS played the most critical role in the formation of AGS and the PN in EPS was the major contributor to promoting the formation of AGS and enhance its aggregation performance. This research could further understand the role of various forms of EPS and its components in the process of sludge granulation, reveal the sludge granulation mechanism, and provide theoretical support for the rapid start-up of AGS reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Jiaqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Neu TR, Kuhlicke U. Matrix glycoconjugate characterization in multispecies biofilms and bioaggregates from the environment by means of fluorescently-labeled lectins. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:940280. [PMID: 36003926 PMCID: PMC9395170 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.940280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental biofilms represent a complex mixture of different microorganisms. Their identity is usually analyzed by means of nucleic acid-based techniques. However, these biofilms are also composed of a highly complex extracellular matrix produced by the microbes within a particular biofilm system. The biochemical identity of this extracellular matrix remains in many cases an intractable part of biofilms and bioaggregates. Consequently, there is a need for an approach that will give access to the fully hydrated structure of the extracellular matrix or at least a major part of it. A crucial compound of the matrix identified as carbohydrate-based polymers represents major structural and functional constituents. These glycoconjugates can be characterized by using fluorescently-labeled lectins in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The lectin approach is defined previously, as fluorescence lectin barcoding (FLBC) and fluorescence lectin-binding analysis (FLBA), where FLBC is equal to the screening of a particular sample with all the commercially available lectins and FLBA is the actual analysis of the matrix throughout an experiment with a selected panel of lectins. As the application of immune-based techniques in environmental biofilm systems is impossible, the lectin approach is currently the only option for probing lectin-specific glycoconjugates in complex biofilms and bioaggregates. From all the commercially available lectins tested, the lectins such as AAL, HAA, WGA, ConA, IAA, HPA, and LEA showed the highest binding efficiency. Furthermore, 20 of the overall lectins tested showed an intermediate signal intensity, nevertheless very useful for the assessment of matrix glycoconjugates. With the data compiled, we shall virtually shed more light on the dark matter of the extracellular matrix and their 3-dimensional distribution in environmental biofilm systems. The results will be helpful in future studies with a focus on the extracellular matrix glycoconjugates present in environmental microbial communities.
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Yang F, Li H, Wang S, Zhao F, Fang F, Guo J, Long M, Shen Y. Differences in exopolysaccharides of three microbial aggregates. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:2909-2921. [PMID: 33769231 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1909658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Different microbial aggregates show substantial differences in morphology, and extracellular polymer substances have been confirmed to play a key role in the formation of aggregates. In this study, three different microbial aggregates and their exopolysaccharides were compared. The results show that the granular sludge was largest in size and the most compact in shape. Biofilms with a certain thickness had the next greatest density, and flocculent sludge, with the smallest particle size, was the loosest. The extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek analysis shows that hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions affect the aggregation of microorganisms. A comparison of exopolysaccharides shows that granular sludge exopolysaccharides show the highest hydrophobicity (38.08%) and lowest surface charge (-20.5 mV), followed by biofilm exopolysaccharides (27.9% and -24.8 mV respectively). The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the contents of hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups and charged functional groups of exopolysaccharides affect the above properties of exopolysaccharides, thereby affecting microbial aggregation. In addition, the hydrogen bond content of exopolysaccharides in granular sludge (19.3%), biofilm (19.2%) and activated sludge (18.9%) decreased sequentially. This also affects the cross-linking of microbial exopolysaccharides to form hydrogels. Finally, the results of confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that, different from the other two aggregates, the extracellular α-polysaccharides of granular sludge are mainly distributed in the nucleus, which is more conducive to aggregation. The research results of this thesis provide a new understanding of the differences in the aggregation morphology of different aggregates from the perspective of exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxiang Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Long
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shen
- National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis & New Environmental Materials, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing South-to-Thais Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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29
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Cyanophycin Granule Polypeptide: a Neglected High Value-Added Biopolymer, Synthesized in Activated Sludge on a Large Scale. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0074222. [PMID: 35862662 PMCID: PMC9317870 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00742-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery of microbial synthetic polymers with high economic value and market demand in activated sludge has attracted extensive attention. This work analyzed the synthesis of cyanophycin granule peptide (CGP) in activated sludge and its adsorption capacity for heavy metals and dyes. The distribution and expression of synthetic genes for eight biopolymers in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were analyzed by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. The results indicate that the abundance and expression level of CGP synthase (cphA) are similar to those of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymerase, implying high synthesis of CGP in activated sludges. CGP in activated sludge is mainly polymerized from aspartic acid and arginine, and its secondary structure is mainly β-sheet. The crude yields of CGP are as high as 104 ± 26 and 76 ± 13 mg/g dry sludge in winter and in summer, respectively, comparable to those of polyhydroxyalkanoate and alginate. CGP has a stronger adsorption capacity for anionic pollutants (Cr (VI) and methyl orange) than for cationic pollutants because it is rich in guanidine groups. This study highlights prospects for recovery and application of CGP from WWTPs. IMPORTANCE The conversion of organic pollutants into bioresources by activated sludge can reduce the carbon dioxide emission of wastewater treatment plants. Identification of new high value-added biopolymers produced by activated sludge is beneficial to recover bioresources. Cyanophycin granule polypeptide (CGP), first discovered in cyanobacteria, has unique chemical and material properties suitable for industrial food, medicine, cosmetics, water treatment, and agriculture applications. Here, we revealed for the first time that activated sludge has a remarkable ability to produce CGP. These findings could further facilitate the conversion of wastewater treatment plants into resource recycling plants.
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Li GF, Ren ZQ, Wang Y, Li JP, Ma WJ, Cheng YF, Huang BC, Jin RC. Molecular spectroscopy and docking simulation revealed the binding mechanism of phenol onto anammox sludge extracellular polymeric substances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154733. [PMID: 35337860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of chemical industry has induced to the large amount of phenolic wastewater production. When the promising anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was employed to treat the industrial wastewater, phenolic compounds would possibly inhibit the microbial performance. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) play an essential role in protecting cells from being intoxicated by phenolic compound while the distinct mechanism remains elusive. In this work, the interaction of phenol with anammox sludge EPSs and transmembrane ammonium transport (Amt) domain was explored at molecular level by using spectral method and molecular docking simulation. It was found that phenol statically quenched the fluorescent components of EPSs and the protein component dominated the interaction between EPSs and phenol. The overall interaction was an entropy-driven process with hydrophobic interaction as the main driving force, and the CO vibration responded preferentially. As phenol continued to penetrate into the cell surface, there were hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction force and π-π base-stacking forces between the Amt domain and phenol. The interaction between phenol and amino acid residues of the Amt domain would interfere the NH4+ transport and further affect the activity of anammox sludge. This work is beneficial for in-depth understanding the role of EPSs in protecting anammox sludge from inhibiting by phenolic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Feng Li
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Ren
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jing-Peng Li
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wen-Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ya-Fei Cheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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31
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Yang D, Jiang C, Xu S, Gu L, Wang D, Zuo J, Wang H, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang H, Zhuang X. Insight into nitrogen removal performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation in two reactors: Comparison based on the aspects of extracellular polymeric substances and microbial community. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Melo A, Quintelas C, Ferreira EC, Mesquita DP. The Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Micropollutant Removal. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.778469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In biological wastewater treatment (WWT), microorganisms live and grow held together by a slime matrix comprised of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), forming a three-dimensional microbial structure of aggregates (flocs or granules) and by chemical binding forces. Furthermore, microscopic observations showed that microbial cells within the flocs were cross linked with EPS, forming a network of polymers with pores and channels. The EPS are typically composed of organic substances such as polysaccharides (PS), proteins (PNs), humic acid substances (HAS), nucleic acids, and lipids. It has been established that EPS play an essential role in aggregate flocculation, settling, and dewatering. Moreover, in the presence of toxic substances, such as pharmaceutical compounds and pesticides, EPS form a protective layer for the aggregated biomass against environmental disturbances that might play an important role in the transport and transformation of micropollutants. Some researchers indicated that there is an increase in EPS concentration under toxic conditions, which can induce an increase in the size of microbial aggregates. In this contribution, we critically review the available information on the impact of micropollutants on microbial EPS production and the relationship between EPS and microbial aggregate structure. Also, a general definition, composition, and factors that affect EPS production are presented.
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33
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Ran X, Zhou M, Wang T, Wang W, Kumari S, Wang Y. Multidisciplinary characterization of nitrogen-removal granular sludge: A review of advances and technologies. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118214. [PMID: 35240472 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-removal granular sludge (NRGS) is a promising technology in wastewater treatment, with advantages of efficient nitrogen removal, less footprint, lower sludge production and energy consumption, and is a way for wastewater treatment plants to achieve carbon-neutrality. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and anammox granular sludge (AnGS) are two typical NRGS technologies that have attracted extensive attention. Mounting evidence has shown strong associations between NRGS properties and the status of NRGS systems; however, a holistic view is still missing. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of NRGS with an emphasis on characterization. Specifically, the integrated nitrogen transformation pathways inside NRGS and the performance of NRGS treating various wastewaters are discussed. NRGS properties are categorized as physical-, chemical-, biological- and systematical ones, presenting current advances and corresponding characterization technologies. Finally, the future prospects for furthering the mechanistic understanding and engineering application of NRGS are proposed. Overall, the technological advancements in characterization have greatly contributed to understanding NRGS properties, which are potential factors for optimizing the performance and evaluating the working status of NRGS. This review will provide guidance in characterizing NRGS properties and boost the introduction of novel characterization technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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34
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Tomás-Martínez S, Chen LM, Neu TR, Weissbrodt DG, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin Y. Catabolism of sialic acids in an environmental microbial community. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6571932. [PMID: 35446356 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon negatively charged carbohydrates. In animals, they are abundant on mucosa surfaces as terminal carbohydrates of mucin glycoproteins. Some commensal and pathogenic bacteria are able to release, take up, and catabolize sialic acids. Recently, sialic acids have been discovered to be widespread among most microorganisms. Although the catabolism of sialic acids has been intensively investigated in the field of host-microbe interactions, very limited information is available on microbial degradation of sialic acids produced by environmental microorganisms. In this study, the catabolic pathways of sialic acids within an microbial community dominated by 'Candidatus Accumulibacter' was evaluated. Protein alignment tools were used to detect the presence of the different proteins involved in the utilization of sialic acids in the flanking populations detected by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results showed the ability of Clostridium to release sialic acids from the glycan chains by the action of a sialidase. Clostridium and Chryseobacterium can take up free sialic acids and utilize them as nutrient. Interestingly, these results display similarities with the catabolism of sialic acids by the gut microbiota. This study points at the importance of sialic acids in environmental communities in the absence of eukaryotic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Le Min Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R Neu
- Microbiology of Interfaces, Department River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre of Environmental Research - UFZ, Brueckstrasse 3A, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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Kouba V, Bachmannová C, Podzimek T, Lipovová P, van Loosdrecht MCM. Physiology of anammox adaptation to low temperatures and promising biomarkers: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 349:126847. [PMID: 35167904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of bacteria involved in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) to low temperatures in the mainstream of WWTP will unlock substantial treatment savings. However, their adaptation mechanisms have begun to be revealed only very recently. This study reviewed the state-of-the-art knowledge on these mechanisms from -omics studies, crucially including metaproteomics and metabolomics. Anammox bacteria adapt to low temperatures by synthesizing both chaperones of RNA and proteins and chemical chaperones. Furthermore, they preserve energy for the core metabolism by reducing biosynthesis in general. Thus, in this study, a number of biomarkers are proposed to help practitioners assess the extent of anammox bacteria adaptation and predict the decomposition of biofilms/granules or slower growth. The promising biomarkers also include unique ladderane lipids. Further proteomic and metabolomic studies are necessary for a more detailed understanding of anammox low-temperature adaptation, thus easing the transition to more cost-effective and sustainable wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kouba
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czechia.
| | - Ch Bachmannová
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czechia
| | - T Podzimek
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czechia
| | - P Lipovová
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czechia
| | - M C M van Loosdrecht
- The Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands
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36
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Wang S, Hu ZY, Geng ZQ, Tian YC, Ji WX, Li WT, Dai K, Zeng RJ, Zhang F. Elucidating the production and inhibition of melanoidins products on anaerobic digestion after thermal-alkaline pretreatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127377. [PMID: 34879570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The refractory organics released from waste activated sludge (WAS) are unwanted produced in thermal-alkaline pretreatment, which are not well documented. In this study, we refer to them as melanoidins products (MPs) with characteristics of high molecular weight and inhibition to microbes. The results showed that these MPs from thermal-alkaline (80 °C and pH 10) pretreatment of WAS were identified with a broad molecular weight (>1000 Da). Dark-colored MPs were further verified from glucose and tryptophan as the model components, with values of UV280 and UV420 increasing. The produced MPs with a molecular weight of 1220, 6835, and even 21,200,000 Da were confirmed by SEC-HPLC. Unexpectedly, MPs were found to be electroactive with higher redox peak values than that of humic acids, which were almost not degraded by anaerobes as revealed by SEC-HPLC and 3D-EEM spectra. For the first time, the results demonstrated that MPs delayed volatile fatty acids production and reduced the methane yield (22-26% lower), which was likely attributed to the toxicity and/or electrons competition with anaerobes such as Methanosaeta. Thus, it is clear that MPs negatively impact anaerobic digestion after thermal-alkaline pretreatment, which shall be re-evaluated to minimize MPs when producing biochemicals from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Hu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zi-Qian Geng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ye-Chao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Xiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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37
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Fu JJ, Huang DQ, Bai YH, Shen YY, Lin XZ, Huang Y, Ling YR, Fan NS, Jin RC. How anammox process resists the multi-antibiotic stress: Resistance gene accumulation and microbial community evolution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150784. [PMID: 34624282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of multiple antibiotics on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process were investigated. The resistance of the anammox system to high-concentration antibiotics was also demonstrated through gradual acclimation experiments. Inhibition of the anammox process (R1) occurred when the concentrations of erythromycin (ERY), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) were 0.1, 5.0 and 0.1 mg L-1, respectively. The nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of R1 was reduced from 97.2% to 60.7% within 12 days and then recovered to 88.9 ± 9.5% when the nitrogen loading declined from 4.52 ± 0.69 to 2.11 ± 0.58 kg N m-3 d-1. Even when the concentrations of ERY, SMX and TC were as high as 1.0, 15.0 and 1.0 mg L-1, respectively, R1 maintained stable operation. The increases in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content showed that the anammox process alleviated stress from multiple antibiotics mainly by producing ARGs and secreting EPS. The molecular docking simulation results illustrated the potential binding sites between ammonium transporter and different antibiotics. The upregulation of functional gene expression and the stable abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia in R1 compared with that in the control suggested that the R1 reactor generally maintained more stable long-term operation. This work provides a new understanding of the application of the anammox process to treat wastewater containing multiple antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Fu
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dong-Qi Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Hui Bai
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yang-Yang Shen
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xia-Zhen Lin
- Teaching Center, Zhejiang Open University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yi-Rong Ling
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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38
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Pabst M, Grouzdev DS, Lawson CE, Kleikamp HBC, de Ram C, Louwen R, Lin YM, Lücker S, van Loosdrecht MCM, Laureni M. A general approach to explore prokaryotic protein glycosylation reveals the unique surface layer modulation of an anammox bacterium. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:346-357. [PMID: 34341504 PMCID: PMC8776859 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The enormous chemical diversity and strain variability of prokaryotic protein glycosylation makes their large-scale exploration exceptionally challenging. Therefore, despite the universal relevance of protein glycosylation across all domains of life, the understanding of their biological significance and the evolutionary forces shaping oligosaccharide structures remains highly limited. Here, we report on a newly established mass binning glycoproteomics approach that establishes the chemical identity of the carbohydrate components and performs untargeted exploration of prokaryotic oligosaccharides from large-scale proteomics data directly. We demonstrate our approach by exploring an enrichment culture of the globally relevant anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacterium Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. By doing so we resolve a remarkable array of oligosaccharides, which are produced by two seemingly unrelated biosynthetic routes, and which modify the same surface-layer protein simultaneously. More intriguingly, the investigated strain also accomplished modulation of highly specialized sugars, supposedly in response to its energy metabolism-the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium-which depends on the acquisition of substrates of opposite charges. Ultimately, we provide a systematic approach for the compositional exploration of prokaryotic protein glycosylation, and reveal a remarkable example for the evolution of complex oligosaccharides in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pabst
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christopher E. Lawson
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA USA
| | - Hugo B. C. Kleikamp
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Carol de Ram
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Louwen
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yue Mei Lin
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Lücker
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Laureni
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
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39
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Wang H, Deng L, Qi Z, Wang W. Constructed microalgal-bacterial symbiotic (MBS) system: Classification, performance, partnerships and perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150082. [PMID: 34525774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The microalgal-bacterial symbiotic (MBS) system shows great advantages in the synchronous implementation of wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery. To enhance the understanding of different MBS systems, this review summarizes reported MBS systems and proposes three patterns according to the living state of microalgae and bacteria. They are free microalgal-bacterial (FMB) system, attached microalgal-bacterial (AMB) system and bioflocculated microalgal-bacterial (BMB) system. Compared with the other two patterns, BMB system shows the advantages of microalgal biomass harvesting and application. To further understand the microalgal-bacterial partnerships in the bioflocculation of BMB system, this review discusses bioflocs characteristics, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) properties and production, and the effect of microalgae/bacteria ratio and microalgal strains on the formation of bioflocculation. Microalgal biomass production and application are important for BMB system development in the future. Food processing wastewater characterized by high biodegradability and low toxicity should be conducive for microalgal cultivation. In addition, exogenous addition of functional bacteria for nutrient removal and bioflocculation formation would be a crucial research direction to facilitate the large-scale application of BMB system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Liangwei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China; Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Zhiyong Qi
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Wenguo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China; Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China.
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40
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Jiang X, Wang H, Wu P, Wang H, Deng L, Wang W. Nitrification performance evaluation of activated sludge under high potassium ion stress during high-ammonia nitrogen organic wastewater treatment. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:84-92. [PMID: 34949376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The recycling reverse osmosis (RO) membrane concentrate of some high-ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) organic wastewater to the biological unit could cause potassium ion (K+) accumulation, thereby affecting the removal of NH4+-N by activated sludge. Thus, the effects of high K+ stress on activated sludge nitrification performance was studied. The results showed that the high K+ stress promoted the floc sludge to produce more extracellular polymers (EPS), which accelerated the sludge sedimentation and enriched the biomass in sequential batch reactors (SBRs). The ammonia oxidation process and nitrite (NO2--N) oxidation process were further analyzed in the nitrification process. High K+ stress enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), which ensured the efficient ammonia oxidation process in SBRs, and ensured the removal rate of NH4+-N was maintained above 93%. However, high K+ stress (15g/L KCl) inhibited the activity of NO2--N oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and reduced the abundance of NOB, thus leading to the accumulation of NO2--N, and finally worsened the nitrification performance of activated sludge. In short, the performance of activated sludge will not be inhibited when the K+ in the wastewater does not exceed 5.23 g/L. The results could provide a reference for the optimization of the biological performance in treating high-NH4+-N organic wastewater with activated sludge coupled RO membrane treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Peike Wu
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Liangwei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China.
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41
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Xu J, Li C, Shen Y, Zhu N. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) promoted by pyrogenic biochar: Deciphering the interaction with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149884. [PMID: 34464802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient biological nitrogen removal (BNR) by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) can be achieved with presence of redox-active pyrogenic biochar that potentially acting as an insoluble electron acceptor. Anammox bacteria and other symbiotic consortia are surrounded by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) forming aggregate architecture, which also contains electrochemical-active biomolecules such as aromatic proteins and humic substances. Therefore, understanding the role of EPS is necessary in biochar-promoting anammox process. Herein, we investigated the influence of biochar with granular-sized (GP) and micrometer-sized (MP) particle sizes on microbiology and characteristics of EPS in anammox sludge. Addition of GP and MP biochar not only improved the BNR efficiency by 17.5% and 34.6%, respectively, but also increased the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia. The bulk and bound EPS contents substantially decreased in biochar-amended groups, while more slime EPS was produced. Spectroscopic (FTIR, Raman, and circular dichroism) and electrochemical (voltammetry and impedance spectrum) analyses revealed that biochar addition enhanced the structural integrity and electron-transfer capability of anammox sludge. EPS depletion led to a steep decrease in BNR efficiency (21.5% vs 83.0% with EPS-retained sludge), whereas it resumed to 42.1% in the presence of MP biochar. Electron transport system activity data showed that biochar replenished the loss of anaerobic respiration metabolism due to EPS depletion. In summary, these results suggested that EPS possibly work as transient mediator for shuttling electrons from ammonium oxidation to soluble (nitrite) and insoluble electron acceptors (redox-active biochar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Li
- Hunan BISEN Environmental & Energy Co. Ltd, Changsha 410100, China
| | - Yanwen Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Hunan BISEN Environmental & Energy Co. Ltd, Changsha 410100, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai 200240, China
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Geng ZQ, Qian DK, Hu ZY, Wang S, Yan Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Zeng RJ, Zhang F. Identification of Extracellular Key Enzyme and Intracellular Metabolic Pathway in Alginate-Degrading Consortia via an Integrated Metaproteomic/Metagenomic Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16636-16645. [PMID: 34860015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Uronic acid in extracellular polymeric substances is a primary but often ignored factor related to the difficult hydrolysis of waste-activated sludge (WAS), with alginate as a typical polymer. Previously, we enriched alginate-degrading consortia (ADC) in batch reactors that can enhance methane production from WAS, but the enzymes and metabolic pathway are not well documented. In this work, two chemostats in series were operated to enrich ADC, in which 10 g/L alginate was wholly consumed. Based on it, the extracellular alginate lyase (∼130 kD, EC 4.2.2.3) in the cultures was identified by metaproteomic analysis. This enzyme offers a high specificity to convert alginate to disaccharides over other mentioned hydrolases. Genus Bacteroides (>60%) was revealed as the key bacterium for alginate conversion. A new Entner-Doudoroff pathway of alginate via 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-d-glucuronate (DDG) and 3-deoxy-d-glycerol-2,5-hexdiulosonate (DGH) as the intermediates to 2-keto-3-deoxy-gluconate (KDG) was constructed based on the metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis. In summary, this work documented the core enzymes and metabolic pathway for alginate degradation, which provides a good paradigm when analyzing the degrading mechanism of unacquainted substrates. The outcome will further contribute to the application of Bacteroides-dominated ADC on WAS methanogenesis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qian Geng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ding-Kang Qian
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Hu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, Delft 2628 BC, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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43
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Wang S, Huang X, Liu L, Yan P, Chen Y, Fang F, Guo J. Insight into the role of exopolysaccharide in determining the structural stability of aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113521. [PMID: 34392097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have a critical contribution to the stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS), but the mechanism and details of EPS composition and function are far from clear. This work investigated the contribution of exopolysaccharide (PS) to maintaining the structural stability of AGS. The results revealed that PS hydrolysis induced by α-amylase, dextranase and cellulase significantly decreased the granular stability, whereas a substantial content reduction of extracellular protein (PN) was also observed. It was also found that hydrolysis of PS led to a decrease of sludge hydrophobicity, granular gel mechanical strength by 14.09 %, 38.67 %, respectively, and an increase of surface free energy by 49.59 %, which is not conducive to granular stability. Through fluorescent staining, existence of large amounts of PS and PN conjugates in EPS matrix was verified. It was proposed that these conjugates with PS as skeleton (PS-PN) dominate granular stability by affecting hydrophobicity interactions and hydrogen bonds system, which are two important parameters to gel properties, constituting a crucial finding of this work. This study offers an supplementation of EPS system theory and granular stability mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Peng Yan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Youpeng Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| | - Jinsong Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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Biopolymer transformation and antibiotics degradation of wastewater sludge using thermally activated persulfate oxidation for dewaterability enhancement. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Liu N, Yun Y, Hu L, Xin L, Han M, Zhang P. Study on Start-Up Membraneless Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Coupled with Microbial Fuel Cell for Dye Wastewater Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23515-23527. [PMID: 34549148 PMCID: PMC8444317 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the antitoxicity performance of the traditional anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and the newly constructed membraneless anaerobic baffled reactor coupled with microbial fuel cell (ABR-MFC) was compared for the treatment of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater under the same hydraulic residence time. The sludge performances of ABR-MFC and ABR were evaluated on the dye removal rate, extracellular polymer (EPS) content, sludge particle size, methane yield, and the surface morphology of granular sludge. It was found that the maximum power density of the ABR-MFC reactor reached 1226.43 mW/m3, indicating that the coupled system has a good power generation capacity. The concentration of the EPS in the ABR-MFC reactor was about 3 times that in the ABR, which could be the result of the larger average particle size of sludge in the ABR-MFC reactor than in the ABR. The dye removal rate of the ABR-MFC reactor (91.71%) was higher than that of the ABR (1.49%). The methane production and microbial species in the ABR-MFC system were higher than those in the ABR. Overall, the MFC embedded in the ABR can effectively increase the resistance of the reactor, promote the formation of granular sludge, and improve the performance of the reactor for wastewater treatment.
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Duque AF, Campo R, Val del Rio A, Amorim CL. Wastewater Valorization: Practice around the World at Pilot- and Full-Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189466. [PMID: 34574414 PMCID: PMC8472693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been rebranded as water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), which recognize the resource recovery potential that exists in wastewater streams. WRRFs contribute to a circular economy by not only producing clean water but by recovering valuable resources such as nutrients, energy, and other bio-based materials. To this aim, huge efforts in technological progress have been made to valorize sewage and sewage sludge, transforming them into valuable resources. This review summarizes some of the widely used and effective strategies applied at pilot- and full-scale settings in order to valorize the wastewater treatment process. An overview of the different technologies applied in the water and sludge line is presented, covering a broad range of resources, i.e., water, biomass, energy, nutrients, volatile fatty acids (VFA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and exopolymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, guidelines and regulations around the world related to water reuse and resource valorization are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk F. Duque
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisboa, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Campo
- DICEA—Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Angeles Val del Rio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, E-15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Catarina L. Amorim
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-226-196-200
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Chen Z, Qiu S, Yu Z, Li M, Ge S. Enhanced Secretions of Algal Cell-Adhesion Molecules and Metal Ion-Binding Exoproteins Promote Self-Flocculation of Chlorella sp. Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11916-11924. [PMID: 34424674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of self-flocculation remains unclear, partially impeding its efficiency enhancement and commercial application of microalgae-based municipal wastewater (MW) bioremediation technology. This study revealed the contributions of exoproteins [PN, proteins in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)] to the separation of indigenous microalgae from treated MW. Compared to the low light intensity group, the high light intensity (HL) group produced Chlorella sp. with 4.3-fold higher self-flocculation efficiencies (SE). This was attributed to the enriched biological functions and positional rearrangement of increased PN within 2.9-fold higher EPS. Specifically, a total of 75 PN was over-expressed in the HL group among the 129 PN identified through label-free proteomics. The algal cell-adhesion molecules (Algal-CAMs) and metal-ion-binding PN were demonstrated as two dominant contributors promoting cell adhesion and bridging, through function prediction based on the contained domains. The modeled 3D structure showed that Algal-CAMs presented less hydrophilic α-helix abundance and were distributed in the outermost position of the EPS matrix, further facilitating microalgal separation. Moreover, the 10.1% lower hydrophily degree value, negative interfacial free energy (-19.5 mJ/m2), and 6.8-fold lower energy barrier between cells also supported the observed higher SE. This finding is expected to further fill the knowledge gap of the role of PN in microalgal self-flocculation and promote the development of biomass recovery from the microalgae-wastewater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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Izadi P, Izadi P, Eldyasti A. Holistic insights into extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in anammosx bacterial matrix and the potential sustainable biopolymer recovery: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129703. [PMID: 33578118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process has been proven to be a favorable and innovative process, for treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater due to decreased oxygen and carbon requirements at very high nitrogen loading rates. Anammox process is mainly operated through biofilm or granular sludge structures, as for such slow-growing microorganisms, elevated settling velocity of granules allows for adequate biomass retention and lowered potential risk of washouts. Stability of granular sludge biomass is extremely critical, yet the formation mechanism is poorly understood. There are number of important functions linked to Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) in anammox bacterial matrix, such as; structural stability, aggregation promotion, maintenance of physical structure in the granules, water preserving and protective cell barrier. There is an increasing demand to introduce accurate methods for proper EPS extraction and characterization, to expand the perception of anammox granule stability and potential resource recovery. Analyzing EPS with a focus on various (mechanical and physical) properties can lead to biopolymer production from granular sludge. Biopolymers such as EPS are attractive alternatives substituting the conventional chemical polymers furthermore their recovery from the waste sludge and the potential applications in industrial sectors, leads to a radical enhancement of both environmental and economical sustainability, accelerating the circular economy advancements. Here, this study aims to overview the newest understanding on the structure of anammox sludge EPS, obtained recently and to assess the potential challenges and prospects to identify the knowledge gaps towards constructing an inclusive anammox EPS recovery and characterization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parin Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Parnian Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Eldyasti
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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Tomás-Martínez S, Kleikamp HBC, Neu TR, Pabst M, Weissbrodt DG, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin Y. Production of nonulosonic acids in the extracellular polymeric substances of "Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis". Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:3327-3338. [PMID: 33791836 PMCID: PMC8053191 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonulosonic acids (NulOs) are a family of acidic carbohydrates with a nine-carbon backbone, which include different related structures, such as sialic acids. They have mainly been studied for their relevance in animal cells and pathogenic bacteria. Recently, sialic acids have been discovered as an important compound in the extracellular matrix of virtually all microbial life and in "Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis", a well-studied polyphosphate-accumulating organism, in particular. Here, bioaggregates highly enriched with these bacteria (approx. 95% based on proteomic data) were used to study the production of NulOs in an enrichment of this microorganism. Fluorescence lectin-binding analysis, enzymatic quantification, and mass spectrometry were used to analyze the different NulOs present, showing a wide distribution and variety of these carbohydrates, such as sialic acids and bacterial NulOs, in the bioaggregates. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the potential of "Ca. Accumulibacter" to produce different types of NulOs. Proteomic analysis showed the ability of "Ca. Accumulibacter" to reutilize and reincorporate these carbohydrates. This investigation points out the importance of diverse NulOs in non-pathogenic bacteria, which are normally overlooked. Sialic acids and other NulOs should be further investigated for their role in the ecology of "Ca. Accumulibacter" in particular, and biofilms in general. KEY POINTS: •"Ca. Accumulibacter" has the potential to produce a range of nonulosonic acids. •Mass spectrometry and lectin binding can reveal the presence and location of nonulosonic acids. •The role of nonulosonic acid in non-pathogenic bacteria needs to be studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Hugo B C Kleikamp
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R Neu
- Microbiology of Interfaces, Department River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre of Environmental Research - UFZ, Brueckstrasse 3A, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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50
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Izadi P, Izadi P, Eldyasti A. Towards mainstream deammonification: Comprehensive review on potential mainstream applications and developed sidestream technologies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111615. [PMID: 33172703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deammonification (partial nitritation-anammox) process is a favorable and innovative process, for treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater due to decreased oxygen and carbon requirements at very high nitrogen loadings. The bacterial groups responsible for this process are anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria in symbiosis with ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) which have an active role in development of nitrogen removal biotechnology in wastewater. Development and operation of sidestream deammonification processes has augmented since the initial full-scale systems, yet there are several aspects which mandate additional investigation and deliberation by the practitioners, to reach the operating perspective, set for the facility. Process technologies for treatment of streams with high ammonia concentrations continue to emerge, correspondingly, further investigation towards feasibility of applying the deammonification concept, in the mainstream treatment process is required. Mainstream deammonification can potentially improve the process of achieving more sustainable and energy-neutral municipal wastewater treatment, however feasible applications are not accessible yet. This critical review focuses on a comprehensive assessment of the worldwide lab-scale, pilot-scale and full-scale sidestream applications as well as identifying the major issues obstructing the implementation of mainstream processes, in addition to the designs, operational factors and technology advancements at both novel and/or conventional levels. This review aims to provide a novel and broad overview of the status and challenges of both sidestream and mainstream deammonification technologies and installations worldwide to assess the global perspectives on deammonification research in the recent years. The different configurations, crucial factors and overall trends in the development of deammonification research are discussed and conclusively, the future needs for feasible applications are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parin Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
| | - Parnian Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed Eldyasti
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada.
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