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Chakrawal A, Lindahl BD, Manzoni S. Modelling optimal ligninolytic activity during plant litter decomposition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:866-880. [PMID: 38343140 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
A large fraction of plant litter comprises recalcitrant aromatic compounds (lignin and other phenolics). Quantifying the fate of aromatic compounds is difficult, because oxidative degradation of aromatic carbon (C) is a costly but necessary endeavor for microorganisms, and we do not know when gains from the decomposition of aromatic C outweigh energetic costs. To evaluate these tradeoffs, we developed a litter decomposition model in which the aromatic C decomposition rate is optimized dynamically to maximize microbial growth for the given costs of maintaining ligninolytic activity. We tested model performance against > 200 litter decomposition datasets collected from published literature and assessed the effects of climate and litter chemistry on litter decomposition. The model predicted a time-varying ligninolytic oxidation rate, which was used to calculate the lag time before the decomposition of aromatic C is initiated. Warmer conditions increased decomposition rates, shortened the lag time of aromatic C oxidation, and improved microbial C-use efficiency by decreasing the costs of oxidation. Moreover, a higher initial content of aromatic C promoted an earlier start of aromatic C decomposition under any climate. With this contribution, we highlight the application of eco-evolutionary approaches based on optimized microbial life strategies as an alternative parametrization scheme for litter decomposition models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Chakrawal
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn D Lindahl
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefano Manzoni
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Yu S, Tang S, Lv J, Li F, Huang Z, Zhao L, Cao D, Wang Y. High throughput identification of carbonyl compounds in natural organic matter by directional derivatization combined with ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121769. [PMID: 38759284 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Carbonyl compounds are important components of natural organic matter (NOM) with high reactivity, so that play a pivotal role in the dynamic transformation of NOM. However, due to the lack of effective analytical methods, our understanding on the molecular composition of these carbonyl compounds is still limited. Here, we developed a high-throughput screening method to detect carbonyl molecules in complex NOM samples by combining chemical derivatization with electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR-MS). In six different types of dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples tested in this study, 20-30 % of detected molecules contained at least one carbonyl group, with relative abundance accounted for 45-70 %. These carbonyl molecules displayed lower unsaturation level, lower molecular weight, and higher oxidation degree compared to non-carbonyl molecules. More importantly, the measured abundances of carbonyl molecules were consistent with the results of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Based on this method, we found that carbonyl molecules can be produced at DOM-ferrihydrite interface, thus playing a role in shaping the molecular diversity of DOM. This method has broad application prospects in screening carbonyl compounds from complex mixtures, and the same strategy can be used to directional identification of molecules with other functional groups as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China
| | - Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zichun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
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3
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Gao B, Liu X, Wu Y, Cheng H, Zhou H, Wang Y, Chen Z. Integration of lactic acid biorefinery with treatment of red mud from alumina refinery: win-win paradigm for waste valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130743. [PMID: 38677388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The cost of detoxification and neutralization poses certain challenges to the development of an economically viable lactic acid biorefinery with lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock. Herein, red mud, an alkaline waste, was explored as both a detoxifying agent and a neutralizer. Red mud treatment of lignocellulosic hydrolysate effectively removed the inhibitors generated in dilute acid pretreatment, improving the lactic acid productivity from 1.0 g/L·h-1 to 1.9 g/L·h-1 in later fermentation. In addition, red mud could replace CaCO3 as a neutralizer in lactic acid fermentation, which in turn enabled simultaneous bioleaching of valuable metals (Sc, Y, Nd, and Al) from red mud. The neutralization of alkali in red mud by acids retained in lignocellulosic hydrolysate and lactic acid produced from fermentation led to effective dealkalization, rendering a maximum alkali removal efficiency of 92.2 %. Overall, this study offered a win-win strategy for the valorization of both lignocellulosic biomass and red mud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyuan Gao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Yudie Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Haina Cheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhu Chen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, PR China.
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Gao B, Han Z, Cheng H, Zhou H, Wang Y, Chen Z. Treating waste with waste: Lignin acting as both an effective bactericide and passivator to prevent acid mine drainage formation at the source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172162. [PMID: 38569954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) induced by pyrite oxidation is a notorious and serious environmental problem, but the management of AMD in an economical and environmentally friendly way remains challenging. Here, lignin, a natural polymer and abundant waste, was employed as both a bactericide and passivator to prevent AMD formation. The addition of lignin to a mimic AMD formation system inoculated with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans at a lignin-to-pyrite weight ratio of 2.5: 10 reduced the combined abiotic and biotic oxidation of pyrite by 68.4 % (based on released SO42-). Morphological characterization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans revealed that lignin could act on the cell surface and impair the cell integrity, disrupting its normal growth and preventing biotic oxidation of pyrite accordingly. Moreover, lignin can be used alone as a passivator to form a coating on the pyrite surface, reducing abiotic oxidation by 71.7 % (based on released SO42-). Through multiple technique analysis, it was proposed that the functional groups on lignin may coordinate with iron ions on pyrite, promoting its deposition on the surface. In addition, the inherent antioxidant activity of lignin may also be actively involved in the abatement of pyrite oxidation via the reduction of iron. Overall, this study offered a "treating waste with waste" strategy for preventing AMD formation at the source and opened a new avenue for the management of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyuan Gao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zebin Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Haina Cheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhu Chen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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5
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Wang S, Liu T, Zhu E, He C, Shi Q, Feng X. Potential retention of dissolved organic matter by soil minerals during wetland water-table fluctuations. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121412. [PMID: 38457944 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Wetlands export large amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) downstream, which is sensitive to water-table fluctuations (WTFs). While numerous studies have shown that WTFs may decrease wetland DOC via enhancing DOC biodegradation, an alternative pathway, i.e., retention of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by soil minerals, remains under-investigated. Here, we conducted a water-table manipulation experiment on intact soil columns collected from three wetlands with varying contents of reactive metals and clay to examine the potential retention of DOM by soil minerals during WTFs. Using batch sorption experiments and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, we showed that mineral (bentonite) sorption mainly retained lignin-, aromatic- and humic-like compounds (i.e., adsorbable compounds), in contrast to the preferential removal of protein- and carbohydrate-like compounds during biodegradation. Seven cycles of WTFs significantly decreased the intensity of adsorbable compounds in DOM (by 50 ± 21% based on fluorescence spectroscopy) and DOC adsorbability (by 2-20% and 1.9-12.7 mg L-1 based on batch sorption experiment), to a comparable extent compared with biodegradable compounds (by 11-32% and 1.6-15.2 mg L-1). Furthermore, oxidation of soil ferrous iron [Fe(II)] exerted a major control on the magnitude of potential DOM retention by minerals, while WTFs increased mineral-bound lignin phenols in the Zoige soil with the highest content of lignin phenols and Fe(II). Collectively, these results suggest that DOM retention by minerals likely played an important role in DOC decrease during WTFs, especially in soils with high contents of oxidizable Fe. Our findings support the 'iron gate' mechanism of soil carbon protection by newly-formed Fe (hydr)oxides during water-table decline, and highlight an underappreciated process (mineral-DOM interaction) leading to contrasting fate (i.e., preservation) of DOC in wetlands compared to biodegradation. Mineral retention of wetland DOC hence deserves more attention under changing climate and human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co. Ltd., Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, PR China.
| | - Erxiong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Carneiro Barreto MS, Wani RP, Goranov AI, Sowers TD, Fischel M, Douglas TA, Hatcher PG, Sparks DL. Carbon Fate, Iron Dissolution, and Molecular Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Thawed Yedoma Permafrost under Varying Redox Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4155-4166. [PMID: 38385246 PMCID: PMC11152146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Permafrost soils store ∼50% of terrestrial C, with Yedoma permafrost containing ∼25% of the total C. Permafrost is undergoing degradation due to thawing, with potentially hazardous effects on landscape stability and water resources. Complicating ongoing efforts to project the ultimate fate of deep permafrost C is the poorly constrained role of the redox environment, Fe-minerals, and its redox-active phases, which may modulate organic C-abundance, composition, and reactivity through complexation and catalytic processes. We characterized C fate, Fe fractions, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolates from permafrost-thaw under varying redox conditions. Under anoxic incubation conditions, 33% of the initial C was lost as gaseous species within 21 days, while under oxic conditions, 58% of C was lost. Under anoxic incubation, 42% of the total initial C was preserved in a dissolved fraction. Lignin-like compounds dominated permafrost-thaw, followed by lipid- and protein-like compounds. However, under anoxic incubation conditions, there was accumulation of lipid-like compounds and reduction in the nominal oxidation state of C over time, regardless of the compound classes. DOM dynamics may be affected by microbial activity and abiotic processes mediated by Fe-minerals related to selective DOM fractionation and/or its oxidation. Chemodiversity DOM signatures could serve as valuable proxies to track redox conditions with permafrost-thaw.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rucha P Wani
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Earth Sciences, Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Aleksandar I Goranov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Tyler D Sowers
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Matthew Fischel
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- USDA-ARS: Sustainable Agriculture Systems Lab, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Thomas Alexander Douglas
- U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska 99703, United States
| | - Patrick G Hatcher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Donald L Sparks
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Hagler Institute Fellow, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
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Xu Z, Tsang DC. Mineral-mediated stability of organic carbon in soil and relevant interaction mechanisms. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:59-76. [PMID: 38318344 PMCID: PMC10840363 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral-organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Li Q, Li L, Du H, Lin X, Hu W, Li Y. Soil conditioners promote the formation of Fe-bound organic carbon and its stability. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119480. [PMID: 37918239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The close association of soil organic carbon (SOC) with Fe oxides is an important stabilization mechanism for soil organic matter (SOM) against biodegradation. Soil conditioners are of great importance in improving soil quality and soil health. Yet it remains unclear how different conditioners would affect the fractionation of SOC, particularly the Fe-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC). Field-based experiments were conducted in farmland to explore the fractionation of organic carbon (OC) and Fe oxides under the effects of three different soil conditioners (mineral, organic, and microbial conditioners). The results showed that all soil conditioners increased the total OC and Fe-OC contents, with the contribution of Fe-OC to total OC increasing from 1.57% to 2.99%. The low OC/Fe molar ratio indicated that surface adsorption played a crucial role in soil Fe-OC accumulation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results suggested that soil conditioner altered the composition of SOM, accelerating O-alkyl C degradation and increasing recalcitrant alkyl C and aromatic C sequestration. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis indicated that all conditioners promoted the association of OC and Fe oxides. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis of 13C isotope and synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the mineral conditioner enhanced the association of microbial-derived OC and Fe oxides, whereas the organic conditioner increased the association of plant-derived OC with Fe oxides. These findings provide important insights into the potential mechanisms through which soil conditioners regulate the stability of OC and guide agricultural management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huihui Du
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410127, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weifang Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yichun Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Kang J, Qu C, Chen W, Cai P, Chen C, Huang Q. Organo-organic interactions dominantly drive soil organic carbon accrual. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17147. [PMID: 38273514 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Organo-mineral interactions have been regarded as the primary mechanism for the stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC) over decadal to millennial timescales, and the capacity for soil carbon (C) storage has commonly been assessed based on soil mineralogical attributes, particularly mineral surface availability. However, it remains contentious whether soil C sequestration is exclusively governed by mineral vacancies, making it challenging to accurately predict SOC dynamics. Here, through a 400-day incubation experiment using 13 C-labeled organic materials in two contrasting soils (i.e., Mollisol and Ultisol), we show that despite the unsaturation of mineral surfaces in both soils, the newly incorporated C predominantly adheres to "dirty" mineral surfaces coated with native organic matter (OM), demonstrating the crucial role of organo-organic interactions in exogenous C sequestration. Such interactions lead to multilayered C accumulation that is not constrained by mineral vacancies, a process distinct from direct organo-mineral contacts. The coverage of native OM by new C, representing the degree of organo-organic interactions, is noticeably larger in Ultisol (~14.2%) than in Mollisol (~5.8%), amounting to the net retention of exogenous C in Ultisol by 0.2-1.3 g kg-1 and in Mollisol by 0.1-1.0 g kg-1 . Additionally, organo-organic interactions are primarily mediated by polysaccharide-rich microbial necromass. Further evidence indicates that iron oxides can selectively preserve polysaccharide compounds, thereby promoting the organo-organic interactions. Overall, our findings provide direct empirical evidence for an overlooked but critically important pathway of C accumulation, challenging the prevailing "C saturation" concept that emphasizes the overriding role of mineral vacancies. It is estimated that, through organo-organic interactions, global Mollisols and Ultisols might sequester ~0.1-1.0 and ~0.3-1.7 Pg C per year, respectively, corresponding to the neutralization of ca. 0.5%-3.0% of soil C emissions or 5%-30% of fossil fuel combustion globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengrong Chen
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Eusterhues K, Thieme J, Narvekar S, Araki T, Kazemian M, Kaulich B, Regier T, Wang J, Lugmeier J, Höschen C, Mansfeldt T, Totsche KU. Importance of inner-sphere P-O-Fe bonds in natural and synthetic mineral-organic associations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167232. [PMID: 37734608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Sorption of organic molecules on mineral surfaces can occur through several binding mechanisms of varying strength. Here, we investigated the importance of inner-sphere P-O-Fe bonds in synthetic and natural mineral-organic associations. Natural organic matter such as water extracted soil organic matter (WESOM) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from liquid bacterial cultures were adsorbed to goethite and examined by FTIR spectroscopy and P K-edge NEXAFS spectroscopy. Natural particles from a Bg soil horizon (Gleysol) were subjected to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping, NanoSIMS imaging, and NEXAFS spectro-microscopy at the P K-edge. Inner-sphere P-O-Fe bonds were identified for both, adsorbed EPS extracts and adsorbed WESOMs. Characteristic infrared peaks for P-O-Fe stretching vibrations are present but cannot unambiguously be interpreted due to possible interferences with mono- and polysaccharides. For the Bg horizon, P was only found on Fe oxides, covering the entire surface at different concentrations, but not on clay minerals. Linear combination fitting of NEXAFS spectra indicates that this adsorbed P is mainly a mixture of orthophosphate and organic P compounds. By combining atomic force microscopy (AFM) images with STXM-generated C and Fe distribution maps, we show that the Fe oxide surfaces were fully coated with organic matter. In contrast, clay minerals revealed a much lower C signal. The C NEXAFS spectra taken on the Fe oxides had a substantial contribution of carboxylic C, aliphatic C, and O-alkyl C, which is a composition clearly different from pure adsorbed EPS or aromatic-rich lignin-derived compounds. Our data show that inner-sphere P-O-Fe bonds are important for the association of Fe oxides with soil organic matter. In the Bg horizon, carboxyl groups and orthophosphate compete with the organic P compounds for adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Eusterhues
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Thieme
- NSLS II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973, USA
| | - Sneha Narvekar
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | - Tohru Araki
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Tom Regier
- Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Johann Lugmeier
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Department of Life Science Systems, Soil Science, Emil-Ramann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Carmen Höschen
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Department of Life Science Systems, Soil Science, Emil-Ramann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tim Mansfeldt
- Department of Geosciences, Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Uwe Totsche
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749 Jena, Germany
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11
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Li Q, Chang J, Li L, Lin X, Li Y. Research progress of nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) in soil science: Evolution, applications, and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167257. [PMID: 37741415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for investigating various aspects of soils. In recent decades, the widespread adoption of advanced instrumentation and methods has contributed significantly to our understanding of organic-mineral assemblages. However, few literature reviews have comprehensively summarized NanoSIMS and its evolution, applications, limitations, and integration with other analytical techniques. In this review, we addressed this gap by comprehensively overviewing the development of NanoSIMS as an analytical tool in soils. This review covers studies on soil organic matter (SOM) cycling, soil-root interactions, and the behavior of metals, discussing the capability and limitations related to the distribution, composition, and interactions of various soil components that occur at mineral-organic interfaces. Furthermore, we examine recent advancements in high-resolution imaging and mass spectrometry technologies and their impact on the utilization of NanoSIMS in soils, along with potential new applications such as utilizing multiple ion beams and integrating them with other analytical techniques. The review emphasizes the importance of employing advanced techniques and methods to explore micro-interfaces and provide in situ descriptions of organic-mineral assemblages in future research. The ongoing development and refinement of NanoSIMS may yield new insights and breakthroughs in soil science, deepening our understanding of the intricate relationships between soil components and the processes that govern soil health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingjing Chang
- Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetable, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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12
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Mahmoudi N, Wilhelm RC. Can we manage microbial systems to enhance carbon storage? Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:3011-3018. [PMID: 37431673 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is an urgent environmental issue with wide-ranging impacts on ecosystems and society. Microbes are instrumental in maintaining the balance between carbon (C) accumulation and loss in the biosphere, actively regulating greenhouse gas fluxes from vast reservoirs of organic C stored in soils, sediments and oceans. Heterotrophic microbes exhibit varying capacities to access, degrade and metabolise organic C-leading to variations in remineralisation and turnover rates. The present challenge lies in effectively translating this accumulated knowledge into strategies that effectively steer the fate of organic C towards prolonged sequestration. In this article, we discuss three ecological scenarios that offer potential avenues for shaping C turnover rates in the environment. Specifically, we explore the promotion of slow-cycling microbial byproducts, the facilitation of higher carbon use efficiency, and the influence of biotic interactions. The ability to harness and control these processes relies on the integration of ecological principles and management practices, combined with advances in economically viable technologies to effectively manage microbial systems in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagissa Mahmoudi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roland C Wilhelm
- Department of Agronomy, Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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13
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Huang W, Kuzyakov Y, Niu S, Luo Y, Sun B, Zhang J, Liang Y. Drivers of microbially and plant-derived carbon in topsoil and subsoil. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6188-6200. [PMID: 37732716 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant- and microbially derived carbon (C) are the two major sources of soil organic matter (SOM), and their ratio impacts SOM composition, accumulation, stability, and turnover. The contributions of and the key factors defining the plant and microbial C in SOM along the soil profile are not well known. By leveraging nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biomarker analysis, we analyzed the plant and microbial C in three soil types using regional-scale sampling and combined these results with a meta-analysis. Topsoil (0-40 cm) was rich in carbohydrates and lignin (38%-50%), whereas subsoil (40-100 cm) contained more proteins and lipids (26%-60%). The proportion of plant C increases, while microbial C decreases with SOM content. The decrease rate of the ratio of the microbially derived C to plant-derived C (CM:P ) with SOM content was 23%-30% faster in the topsoil than in the subsoil in the regional study and meta-analysis. The topsoil had high potential to stabilize plant-derived C through intensive microbial transformations and microbial necromass formation. Plant C input and mean annual soil temperature were the main factors defining CM:P in topsoil, whereas the fungi-to-bacteria ratio and clay content were the main factors influencing subsoil CM:P . Combining a regional study and meta-analysis, we highlighted the contribution of plant litter to microbial necromass to organic matter up to 1-m soil depth and elucidated the main factors regulating their long-term preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Luo
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Zhao W, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Xu L, Guan Q, Lu K, Wu H, Wang W. Combination of mineral protection and molecular characteristics rather than alone to govern soil organic carbon stability in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau wetlands. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118757. [PMID: 37573695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin (YTR) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau provide immense soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, which is highly susceptible to climate warming and requires urgent deciphering SOC stabilization mechanisms of long-term protection of SOC against decomposition. Conflicting views exist regarding whether persistent SOC is controlled by molecular features or by mineral protection. As such, this study quantified SOC stability using two thermal indices (TG-T50, and DSC), described molecular features of SOC using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and measured SOC protection by minerals using a chemical extraction method. Results indicated SOC of topsoils had higher thermal stability, with TG-T50 and DSC-T50 of 337.61 °C and 384.58 °C, than that of subsoils with TG-T50 and DSC-T50 of 337.32 and 382.67 °C, respectively. We found subsoils had significantly higher proportions of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, while existed higher SOC associated with minerals. It seemed SOC stabilization differed with soil depths, in which mineral protection dictated SOC thermal stability in topsoils while molecular features posed a more important constraint on SOC stabilization in subsoils. Overall, our findings support the hypothesis of physical and chemical protection but emphasized that SOC thermal stability largely depended on to extent of the combination between molecular features and mineral protection, which explained 55% in topsoils and 73% in subsoils, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Qiang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Kangle Lu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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15
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Yi B, Lu C, Huang W, Yu W, Yang J, Howe A, Weintraub-Leff SR, Hall SJ. Resolving the influence of lignin on soil organic matter decomposition with mechanistic models and continental-scale data. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5968-5980. [PMID: 37448171 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Confidence in model estimates of soil CO2 flux depends on assumptions regarding fundamental mechanisms that control the decomposition of litter and soil organic carbon (SOC). Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain the role of lignin, an abundant and complex biopolymer that may limit decomposition. We tested competing mechanisms using data-model fusion with modified versions of the CN-SIM model and a 571-day laboratory incubation dataset where decomposition of litter, lignin, and SOC was measured across 80 soil samples from the National Ecological Observatory Network. We found that lignin decomposition consistently decreased over time in 65 samples, whereas in the other 15 samples, lignin decomposition subsequently increased. These "lagged-peak" samples can be predicted by low soil pH, high extractable Mn, and fungal community composition as measured by ITS PC2 (the second principal component of an ordination of fungal ITS amplicon sequences). The highest-performing model incorporated soil biogeochemical factors and daily dynamics of substrate availability (labile bulk litter:lignin) that jointly represented two hypotheses (C substrate limitation and co-metabolism) previously thought to influence lignin decomposition. In contrast, models representing either hypothesis alone were biased and underestimated cumulative decomposition. Our findings reconcile competing hypotheses of lignin decomposition and suggest the need to precisely represent the role of lignin and consider soil metal and fungal characteristics to accurately estimate decomposition in Earth-system models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yi
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Chaoqun Lu
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jihoon Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Adina Howe
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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16
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Sun Z, Li H, Hu J, Wu X, Su R, Yan L, Sun X, Shaaban M, Wang Y, Quénéa K, Hu R. Fe(III) stabilizing soil organic matter and reducing methane emissions in paddy fields under varying flooding conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:114999. [PMID: 37178613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of iron (Fe) in soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization and decomposition in paddy soils has recently gained attention, but the underlying mechanisms during flooding and drying periods remain elusive. As the depth water layer is maintained in the fallow season, there will be more soluble Fe than during the wet and drainage seasons and the availability of oxygen (O2) will be different. To assess the influence of soluble Fe on SOM mineralization during flooding, an incubation experiment was designed under oxic and anoxic flooding conditions, with and without Fe(III) addition. The results showed that Fe(III) addition significantly (p < 0.05) decreased SOM mineralization by 14.4 % under oxic flooding conditions over 16 days. Under anoxic flooding incubation, Fe(III) addition significantly (p < 0.05) decreased 10.8 % SOM decomposition, mainly by 43.6 % methane (CH4) emission, while no difference in carbon dioxide (CO2) emission was noticed. These findings suggest that implementing appropriate water management strategies in paddy soils, considering the roles of Fe under both oxic and anoxic flooding conditions, can contribute to SOM preservation and mitigation of CH4 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 METIS, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France; IFP Energies Nouvelles, Geosciences Division, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France.
| | - Huabin Li
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ronglin Su
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Zhengzhou Yuanzhihe Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Institute of Bio and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shaaban
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province 471003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Katell Quénéa
- Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 METIS, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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17
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Huang W, Yu W, Yi B, Raman E, Yang J, Hammel KE, Timokhin VI, Lu C, Howe A, Weintraub-Leff SR, Hall SJ. Contrasting geochemical and fungal controls on decomposition of lignin and soil carbon at continental scale. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2227. [PMID: 37076534 PMCID: PMC10115774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is an abundant and complex plant polymer that may limit litter decomposition, yet lignin is sometimes a minor constituent of soil organic carbon (SOC). Accounting for diversity in soil characteristics might reconcile this apparent contradiction. Tracking decomposition of a lignin/litter mixture and SOC across different North American mineral soils using lab and field incubations, here we show that cumulative lignin decomposition varies 18-fold among soils and is strongly correlated with bulk litter decomposition, but not SOC decomposition. Climate legacy predicts decomposition in the lab, and impacts of nitrogen availability are minor compared with geochemical and microbial properties. Lignin decomposition increases with some metals and fungal taxa, whereas SOC decomposition decreases with metals and is weakly related with fungi. Decoupling of lignin and SOC decomposition and their contrasting biogeochemical drivers indicate that lignin is not necessarily a bottleneck for SOC decomposition and can explain variable contributions of lignin to SOC among ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Bo Yi
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Erik Raman
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jihoon Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kenneth E Hammel
- U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vitaliy I Timokhin
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chaoqun Lu
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Adina Howe
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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18
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Qian Z, Gu R, Gao K, Li D. High plant species diversity enhances lignin accumulation in a subtropical forest of southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161113. [PMID: 36584443 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant species diversity (PSD) benefits soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, but mechanisms underlying the stimulative effects of PSD on SOC pools have not been well explored, especially in terms of how PSD impacts plant-derived C accumulation. Here, 45 plots covering a natural gradient of PSD ranging from 0.15 to 3.57 (Shannon's diversity index) were selected in a subtropical forest with calcareous soil to determine the pattern of and controls on the variation of plant-derived C as indexed by lignin phenols along with PSD. The absolute contents of lignin phenols ranged from 1.18 to 6.62 mg g-1 soil with an average of 2.48 ± 1.13 mg g-1 soil across the 45 plots. PSD significantly enhanced soil lignin accumulation via three mechanisms. First, PSD benefited lignin accumulation by stimulating plant detritus inputs. Second, PSD directly and indirectly increased reactive minerals, so that enhanced mineral protection of lignin. Third, decrease in microbial C limitation due to increased soil C availability resulted in lowered peroxidase activity and subsequently lignin degradation, which in turn benefited lignin accumulation. Our study provides mechanisms underlying SOC accumulation in response to increased PSD, which may be integrated into Earth system models in order to better predict SOC dynamics under PSD alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China.
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Rehman JU, Joe EN, Yoon HY, Kwon S, Oh MS, Son EJ, Jang KS, Jeon JR. Lignin Metabolism by Selected Fungi and Microbial Consortia for Plant Stimulation: Implications for Biologically Active Humus Genesis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0263722. [PMID: 36314978 PMCID: PMC9769858 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02637-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant lignin is regarded as an important source for soil humic substances (HSs). Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether microbial metabolism on lignin is related to the genesis of unique HS biological activities (e.g., direct plant stimulation). Here, selected white-rot fungi (i.e., Ganoderma lucidum and Irpex lacteus) and plant litter- or mountain soil-derived microbial consortia were exploited to structurally modify lignin, followed by assessing the plant-stimulatory activity of the lignin-derived products. Parts solubilized by microbial metabolism on lignin were proven to exhibit organic moieties of phenol, carboxylic acid, and aliphatic groups and the enhancement of chromogenic features (i.e., absorbance at 450 nm), total phenolic contents, and radical-scavenging capacities with the cultivation times. In addition, high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed the shift of lignin-like molecules toward those showing either more molar oxygen-to-carbon or more hydrogen-to-carbon ratios. These results support the findings that the microbes involved, solubilize lignin by fragmentation, oxygenation, and/or benzene ring opening. This notion was also substantiated by the detection of related exoenzymes (i.e., peroxidases, copper radical oxidases, and hydrolases) in the selected fungal cultures, while the consortia treated with antibacterial agents showed that the fungal community is a sufficient condition to induce the lignin biotransformation. Major families of fungi (e.g., Nectriaceae, Hypocreaceae, and Saccharomycodaceae) and bacteria (e.g., Burkholderiaceae) were identified in the lignin-enriched cultures. All the microbially solubilized lignin products were likely to stimulate plant root elongation in the order selected white-rot fungi > microbial consortia > antibacterial agent-treated microbial consortia. Overall, this study supports the idea that microbial transformation of lignin can contribute to the formation of biologically active organic matter. IMPORTANCE Structurally stable humic substances (HSs) in soils are tightly associated with soil fertility, and it is thus important to understand how soil HSs are naturally formed. It is believed that microbial metabolism on plant matter contributes to natural humification, but detailed microbial species and their metabolisms inducing humic functionality (e.g., direct plant stimulation) need to be further investigated. Our findings clearly support that microbial metabolites of lignin could contribute to the formation of biologically active humus. This research direction appears to be meaningful not only for figuring out the natural processes, but also for confirming natural microbial resources useful for artificial humification that can be linked to the development of high-quality soil amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Ur Rehman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Nam Joe
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Yoon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kwon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seung Oh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Son
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jong-Rok Jeon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science & Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Wells JM, Crow SE, Sierra CA, Deenik JL, Carlson KM, Meki MN, Kiniry J. Edaphic controls of soil organic carbon in tropical agricultural landscapes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21574. [PMID: 36517494 PMCID: PMC9751291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting soil organic carbon (SOC) is problematic in tropical soils because mechanisms of SOC (de)stabilization are not resolved. We aimed to identify such storage mechanisms in a tropical soil landscape constrained by 100 years of similar soil inputs and agricultural disturbance under the production of sugarcane, a C4 grass and bioenergy feedstock. We measured soil physicochemical parameters, SOC concentration, and SOC dynamics by soil horizon to one meter to identify soil parameters that can predict SOC outcomes. Applying correlative analyses, linear mixed model (LMM) regression, model selection by AICc, and hierarchical clustering we found that slow moving SOC was related to many soil parameters, while the fastest moving SOC was only related to soil surface charge. Our models explained 78-79%, 51-57%, 7-8% of variance in SOC concentration, slow pool decay, and fast pool decay, respectively. Top SOC predictors were roots, the ratio of organo-complexed iron (Fe) to aluminum (Al), water stable aggregates (WSagg), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Using hierarchical clustering we also assessed SOC predictors across gradients of depth and rainfall with strong reductions in Roots, SOC, and slow pool decay associated with increasing depth, while increased rainfall was associated with increased Clay and WSagg and reduced CEC in surface soils. Increased negative surface charge, water stable aggregation, organo-Fe complexation, and root inputs were key SOC protection mechanisms despite high soil disturbance. Further development of these relationships is expected to improve understanding of SOC storage mechanisms and outcomes in similar tropical agricultural soils globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M. Wells
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, 1910 East West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822 USA ,grid.261120.60000 0004 1936 8040Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, S San Francisco St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA
| | - Susan E. Crow
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, 1910 East West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Carlos A. Sierra
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöell-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany ,grid.6341.00000 0000 8578 2742Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan L. Deenik
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Kimberly M. Carlson
- grid.410445.00000 0001 2188 0957Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, 1910 East West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822 USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, 285 Mercer Street, New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Manyowa N. Meki
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Blackland Research and Extension Center, 720 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA
| | - Jim Kiniry
- grid.512838.5Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 808 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA
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21
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Abbas A, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Peng P, She D. Lignin-based controlled release fertilizers: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1801-1817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Lv J, Huang Z, Luo L, Zhang S, Wang Y. Advances in Molecular and Microscale Characterization of Soil Organic Matter: Current Limitations and Future Prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12793-12810. [PMID: 36037253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) comprises a continuum of organic materials from granular organic debris to small organic molecules and contains more organic carbon than global vegetation and the atmosphere combined. It has remarkable effects on soil ecological functions and the global carbon cycle as well as the fate of pollutants in the terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, characterization of SOM is an important topic in soil science, ecology, and environmental science. Chemical complexity and spatial heterogeneity are by far the two biggest challenges to our understanding of SOM. Recent developments in analytical techniques and methods provide the opportunity to reveal SOM composition at the molecular level and to observe its distribution in soils at micro- and nanoscales, which have greatly improved our understanding of SOM. This paper reviews the outstanding advances in SOM characterization regarding these two issues from target and nontarget analyses comprising molecular marker analysis, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, and in situ microscopic imaging techniques such as synchrotron-based spectromicroscopy, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and emerging electron and optical microscopic imaging techniques. However, current techniques and methods remain far from unlocking the unknown properties of SOM. We systematically point out the limitations of the current technologies and outline the future prospects for comprehensive characterization of SOM at the molecular level and micro- and nanoscales, paying particular attention to issues of environmental concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zaoquan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Site Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510045, China
| | - Lei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Zhao R, He M, Jiang C, Liu F. Soil microbial stoichiometry and community structure responses to long-term natural forest conversion to plantations in a subtropical region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27560-27570. [PMID: 34981382 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial stoichiometry reflects carbon (C) and nutrient (e.g., nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) elemental balances under land-use change (LUC). However, how soil microbial community (SMC) structure and stoichiometry respond to long-term LUC in forests is still unclear. Here, we investigated three 36-year-old typical plantations, Cryptomeria fortunei, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, and Cunninghamia lanceolata, and the natural forest to assess their soil microbial stoichiometry and SMC structure. Three plots (30×30 m2) were randomly set in each forest site. In each plot of every forest site, soil samples of three depths (0-10, 10-30, and 30-60 cm) were collected. Dissolved organic C, N, and P (abbreviated as DOC, DON, and DOP, respectively) and environmental factors were measured. We also detected microbial biomass C, N, and P as well as SMC structure. The results showed that the soil microbial C:N:P stoichiometry had a strong or strict homeostasis regardless of soil depth and exhibited decoupling from the SMC structure at each depth. The SMC structure across forest types was mainly driven by mean annual soil temperature (MAST) and DOC at 0-10 cm depth, by soil water content and MAST at 10-30 cm depth, and by DOC to DOP ratio at 30-60 cm depth. Thus, SMC structure could be jointly regulated by available resources and environment. These results suggest that the C dynamics in forests tend to gain resilience or re-equilibrium over more than three decades after forest conversion. These findings highlight the importance of reforested plantations forest management for sustaining soil C over a long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China
| | - Mei He
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China
| | - Canlan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China.
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Abstract
High-resolution imaging with secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) has become a standard method in systems biology and environmental biogeochemistry and is broadly used to decipher ecophysiological traits of environmental microorganisms, metabolic processes in plant and animal tissues, and cross-kingdom symbioses. When combined with stable isotope-labeling-an approach we refer to as nanoSIP-nanoSIMS imaging offers a distinctive means to quantify net assimilation rates and stoichiometry of individual cell-sized particles in both low- and high-complexity environments. While the majority of nanoSIP studies in environmental and microbial biology have focused on nitrogen and carbon metabolism (using 15N and 13C tracers), multiple advances have pushed the capabilities of this approach in the past decade. The development of a high-brightness oxygen ion source has enabled high-resolution metal analyses that are easier to perform, allowing quantification of metal distribution in cells and environmental particles. New preparation methods, tools for automated data extraction from large data sets, and analytical approaches that push the limits of sensitivity and spatial resolution have allowed for more robust characterization of populations ranging from marine archaea to fungi and viruses. NanoSIMS studies continue to be enhanced by correlation with orthogonal imaging and 'omics approaches; when linked to molecular visualization methods, such as in situ hybridization and antibody labeling, these techniques enable in situ function to be linked to microbial identity and gene expression. Here we present an updated description of the primary materials, methods, and calculations used for nanoSIP, with an emphasis on recent advances in nanoSIMS applications, key methodological steps, and potential pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pett-Ridge
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, USA.
| | - Peter K Weber
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, USA.
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Zhao R, He M, Yue P, Huang L, Liu F. Linking soil organic carbon stock to microbial stoichiometry, carbon sequestration and microenvironment under long-term forest conversion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113940. [PMID: 34731964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Forest conversion can drastically impact carbon (C) and nutrient processes and microbial stoichiometry, which will modify soil organic C (SOC) stock. However, SOC stock dynamics and its underlying mechanisms induced by long-term forest conversion remain unclear. Three well-protected plantations converted from natural forests for 36 years were compared, i.e., Cryptomeria fortunei (CF), Metasequoia glyptostroboides (MG) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (CL), with a natural forest (NF) as a control. SOC stock size and stability across three soil depths (0-10, 10-30 and 30-60 cm) were examined with aggregate-based method. Forest floors and fine roots were treated as C and nutrient inputs while soil respiration (Rs) was treated as C output. Soil microbial biomass C, nitrogen and phosphorus were measured to calculate microbial stoichiometry, as well as microenvironment and soil physicochemical properties. The relationships between SOC stock (size and stability) and these factors were explored using structural equation model. The results showed that microbial stoichiometry had strong or strict homeostasis at each soil depth. At 0-10 cm soil deep, SOC stock size varied with tree species (following the rank of CL > NF ≈ CF > MG) but its stability increased in all forest conversion types, regulated by forest floor quantity and quality associated with Rs; at 10-30 cm soil deep, the SOC stock sizes decreased in CF and MG, but SOC stock stability increased in MG, jointly driven by fine root quality and microenvironment; at 30-60 cm soil deep, SOC stock size decreased but its stability increased in MG, whereas both its size and stability had few changes in CF or CL, modified by soil physicochemical property associated with microbial stoichiometry and Rs. Overall, the effects of microbial stoichiometry and microenvironment on SOC stock were not pronounced. Thus, SOC stock size changed with soil depth and tree species but its stability tended to be steady at all depths varying with tree species. These results suggest that SOC stock size and stability are mainly determined by self-regulation process of forest ecosystems over more than three-decade after forest conversion, which will help us more accurately assess C sequestration strategies regarding long-term forest conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China.
| | - Mei He
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China
| | - Pengyun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 43007, China.
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26
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Huang W, Wang K, Ye C, Hockaday WC, Wang G, Hall SJ. High carbon losses from oxygen-limited soils challenge biogeochemical theory and model assumptions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:6166-6180. [PMID: 34464997 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2 ) limitation contributes to persistence of large carbon (C) stocks in saturated soils. However, many soils experience spatiotemporal O2 fluctuations impacted by climate and land-use change, and O2 -mediated climate feedbacks from soil greenhouse gas emissions remain poorly constrained. Current theory and models posit that anoxia uniformly suppresses carbon (C) decomposition. Here we show that periodic anoxia may sustain or even stimulate decomposition over weeks to months in two disparate soils by increasing turnover and/or size of fast-cycling C pools relative to static oxic conditions, and by sustaining decomposition of reduced organic molecules. Cumulative C losses did not decrease consistently as cumulative O2 exposure decreased. After >1 year, soils anoxic for 75% of the time had similar C losses as the oxic control but nearly threefold greater climate impact on a CO2 -equivalent basis (20-year timescale) due to high methane (CH4 ) emission. A mechanistic model incorporating current theory closely reproduced oxic control results but systematically underestimated C losses under O2 fluctuations. Using a model-experiment integration (ModEx) approach, we found that models were improved by varying microbial maintenance respiration and the fraction of CH4 production in total C mineralization as a function of O2 availability. Consistent with thermodynamic expectations, the calibrated models predicted lower microbial C-use efficiency with increasing anoxic duration in one soil; in the other soil, dynamic organo-mineral interactions implied by our empirical data but not represented in the model may have obscured this relationship. In both soils, the updated model was better able to capture transient spikes in C mineralization that occurred following anoxic-oxic transitions, where decomposition from the fluctuating-O2 treatments greatly exceeded the control. Overall, our data-model comparison indicates that incorporating emergent biogeochemical properties of soil O2 variability will be critical for effectively modeling C-climate feedbacks in humid ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kefeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenglong Ye
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Gangsheng Wang
- Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, and State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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27
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Bai T, Wang P, Hall SJ, Wang F, Ye C, Li Z, Li S, Zhou L, Qiu Y, Guo J, Guo H, Wang Y, Hu S. Interactive global change factors mitigate soil aggregation and carbon change in a semi-arid grassland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:5320-5332. [PMID: 32533721 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing global change is multi-faceted, but the interactive effects of multiple drivers on the persistence of soil carbon (C) are poorly understood. We examined the effects of warming, reactive nitrogen (N) inputs (12 g N m-2 year-1 ) and altered precipitation (+ or - 30% ambient) on soil aggregates and mineral-associated C in a 4 year manipulation experiment with a semi-arid grassland on China's Loess Plateau. Our results showed that in the absence of N inputs, precipitation additions significantly enhanced soil aggregation and promoted the coupling between aggregation and both soil fungal biomass and exchangeable Mg2+ . However, N inputs negated the promotional effects of increased precipitation, mainly through suppressing fungal growth and altering soil pH and clay-Mg2+ -OC bridging. Warming increased C content in the mineral-associated fraction, likely by increasing inputs of root-derived C, and reducing turnover of existing mineral-associated C due to suppression of fungal growth and soil respiration. Together, our results provide new insights into the potential mechanisms through which multiple global change factors control soil C persistence in arid and semi-arid grasslands. These findings suggest that the interactive effects among global change factors should be incorporated to predict the soil C dynamics under future global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuo Bai
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Fuwei Wang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenglong Ye
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyao Zhou
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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28
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Hall SJ, Huang W, Timokhin VI, Hammel KE. Lignin lags, leads, or limits the decomposition of litter and soil organic carbon. Ecology 2020; 101:e03113. [PMID: 32506475 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lignin's role in litter and soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition remains contentious. Lignin decomposition was traditionally thought to increase during midstage litter decomposition, when cellulose occlusion by lignin began to limit mass loss. Alternatively, lignin decomposition could be greatest in fresh litter as a consequence of co-metabolism, and lignin might decompose faster than bulk SOC. To test these competing hypotheses, we incubated 10 forest soils with C4 grass litter (amended with 13 C-labeled or unlabeled lignin) over 2 yr and measured soil respiration and its isotope composition. Early lignin decomposition was greatest in 5 of 10 soils, consistent with the co-metabolism hypothesis. However, lignin decomposition peaked 6-24 months later in the other five soils, consistent with the substrate-limitation hypothesis; these soils were highly acidic. Rates of lignin, litter, and SOC decomposition tended to converge over time. Cumulative lignin decomposition was never greater than SOC decomposition; lignin decomposition was significantly lower than SOC decomposition in six soils. Net nitrogen mineralization predicted lignin decomposition ratios relative to litter and SOC. Although the onset of lignin decomposition can indeed be rapid, lignin still presents a likely bottleneck in litter and SOC decomposition, meriting a reconsideration of lignin's role in modern decomposition paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Vitaliy I Timokhin
- Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Kenneth E Hammel
- U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, USA.,Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
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29
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Huang W, Ye C, Hockaday WC, Hall SJ. Trade-offs in soil carbon protection mechanisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:3726-3737. [PMID: 32227617 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2 ) limitation is generally understood to suppress oil carbon (C) decomposition and is a key mechanism impacting terrestrial C stocks under global change. Yet, O2 limitation may differentially impact kinetic or thermodynamic versus physicochemical C protection mechanisms, challenging our understanding of how soil C may respond to climate-mediated changes in O2 dynamics. Although O2 limitation may suppress decomposition of new litter C inputs, release of physicochemically protected C due to iron (Fe) reduction could potentially sustain soil C losses. To test this trade-off, we incubated two disparate upland soils that experience periodic O2 limitation-a tropical rainforest Oxisol and a temperate cropland Mollisol-with added litter under either aerobic (control) or anaerobic conditions for 1 year. Anoxia suppressed total C loss by 27% in the Oxisol and by 41% in the Mollisol relative to the control, mainly due to the decrease in litter-C decomposition. However, anoxia sustained or even increased decomposition of native soil-C (11.0% vs. 12.4% in the control for the Oxisol and 12.5% vs. 5.3% in the control for the Mollisol, in terms of initial soil C mass), and it stimulated losses of metal- or mineral-associated C. Solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated that anaerobic conditions decreased protein-derived C but increased lignin- and carbohydrate-C relative to the control. Our results indicate a trade-off between physicochemical and kinetic/thermodynamic C protection mechanisms under anaerobic conditions, whereby decreased decomposition of litter C was compensated by more extensive loss of mineral-associated soil C in both soils. This challenges the common assumption that anoxia inherently protects soil C and illustrates the vulnerability of mineral-associated C under anaerobic events characteristic of a warmer and wetter future climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Chenglong Ye
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Ecosystem Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Steven J Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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30
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Hao J, Yang W, Huang W, Xu Y, Lin Y, Changela H. NanoSIMS measurements of sub‐micrometer particles using the local thresholding technique. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal BiologyIowa State University Ames Iowa USA
| | - Yuchen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yangting Lin
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hitesh Changela
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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