1
|
Li L, Wu X, Pang Y, Lou H, Li Z. In Situ Encapsulation of Cytochrome c within Covalent Organic Frames Using Deep Eutectic Solvents under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53871-53880. [PMID: 37945537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In situ integration of enzymes with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to form hybrid biocatalysts is both significant and challenging. In this study, we present an innovative strategy employing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to synergistically synthesize COFs and shield cytochrome c (Cyt c). By utilizing DESs as reaction solvents in combination with water, we successfully achieved rapid and in situ encapsulation of Cyt c within COFs (specifically COF-TAPT-TFB) under ambient conditions. The resulting Cyt c@COF-TAPT-TFB composite demonstrates a remarkable preservation of enzymatic activity. This encapsulation strategy also imparts exceptional resistance to organic solvents and exhibits impressive recycling stability. Additionally, the enhanced catalytic efficiency of Cyt c@COF-TAPT-TFB in a photoenzymatic cascade reaction is also showcased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuxia Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhixian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barik S, Mahapatra A, Preeyanka N, Sarkar M. Assessing the impact of choline chloride and benzyltrimethylammonium chloride-based deep eutectic solvents on the structure and conformational dynamics of bovine serum albumin: a combined steady-state, time-resolved fluorescence and fluorescence correlation spectroscopic study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:20093-20108. [PMID: 37462948 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Although deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are regarded as useful substitutes for both ionic liquids and common organic solvents for storage and applications of biomolecules, it is still unclear whether all DESs or only specific types of DESs will be suitable for the said purpose. In view of this, the current study aims to report on the structure and conformational dynamics of BSA in the presence of two DESs, namely ethaline (choline chloride:ethylene glycol) and BMEG (benzyltrimethyl ammonium chloride:ethylene glycol), having the same hydrogen bond donor but with a distinct hydrogen bond acceptor, so that how small changes in one constituent of a DES alter the protein-DES interaction at the molecular level can be understood. The protein-DES interaction is investigated by exploiting both ensemble-averaged measurements like steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and single-molecule sensitive techniques based on fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Interestingly, the results obtained from these studies have demonstrated that while a very small quantity of BMEG completely unfolds the native structure of the protein, it remains in a partially unfolded state even at very high ethaline content. More interestingly, it has been found that at very high concentrations of BMEG, the unfolded protein undergoes enhanced protein-protein interaction resulting in the aggregation of BSA. All of the results obtained from these investigations have essentially suggested that both protein-DES interaction and interspecies interaction among the constituent of DESs play a crucial role in governing the overall stability and conformational dynamics of the protein in DESs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahadev Barik
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science (CIS), NISER, Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Amita Mahapatra
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science (CIS), NISER, Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Naupada Preeyanka
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science (CIS), NISER, Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Moloy Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science (CIS), NISER, Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Khurda, 752050, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yadav N, Mor S, Venkatesu P. The attenuating ability of deep eutectic solvents towards the carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes induced denatured β-lactoglobulin structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37470288 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02908e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization of proteins has been a major challenge for their practical utilization in industrial applications. Proteins can easily lose their native conformation in the presence of denaturants, which unfolds the protein structure. Since the introduction of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), there are numerous studies in which DESs act as promising co-solvents that are biocompatible with biomolecules. DESs have emerged as sustainable biocatalytic media and an alternative to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). However, the superiority of DESs over the deleterious influence of denaturants on proteins is often neglected. To address this, we present the counteracting ability of biocompatible DESs, namely, choline chloride-glycerol (DES-1) and choline chloride-urea (DES-2), against the structural changes induced in β-lactoglobulin (Blg) by carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CA-MWCNTs). The work is substantiated with various spectroscopic and thermal studies. The spectroscopic results revealed that the fluorescence emission intensity enhances for the protein in DESs. Contrary to this, the emission intensity extremely quenches in the presence of CA-MWCNTs. However, in the mixture of DESs and CA-MWCNTs, there was a slight increase in the fluorescence intensity. Circular dichroism spectral studies reflect the reappearance of the native band that was lost in the presence of CA-MWCNTs, which is a good indicator of the counteraction ability of DESs. Further, thermal fluorescence studies showed that the protein exhibited extremely great thermal stability in both DESs as well as in the mixture of DES-CA-MWCNTs compared to the protein in buffer. This study is also supported by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements; the results reveal that DESs were successfully able to maintain the protein structure. The addition of CA-MWCNTs results in complex formation with the protein, which is indicated by the increased hydrodynamic size of the protein. The presence of DESs in the mixture of CA-MWCNTs and DESs was quite successful in eliminating the negative impact of CA-MWCNTs on protein structural alteration. DES-1 proved to be superior to DES-2 over counteraction against CA-MWCNTs and maintained the native conformation of the protein. Overall, both DESs act as recoiling media for both native and unfolded (denatured by CA-MWCNTs) Blg structures. Both the DESs can be described as potential co-solvents for Blg with increased structural and thermal stability of the protein. To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time has demonstrated the role of choline-based DESs in the mixture with CA-MWCNTs in the structural transition of Blg. The DESs in the mixture successfully enhance the stability of the protein by reducing the perturbation caused by CA-MWCNTs and then amplifying the advantages of the DESs present in the mixture. Overall, these results might find implications for understanding the role of DES-CA-MWCNT mixtures in protein folding/unfolding and pave a new direction for the development of eco-friendly protein-protective solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niketa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Sanjay Mor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Pannuru Venkatesu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yıldız E, Lalikoglu M, Aşçı YS, Sırma Tarım B. Investigation of reactive extraction of monocarboxylic acids with menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent by response surface methodology. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2192382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Yıldız
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melisa Lalikoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Selim Aşçı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Sırma Tarım
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bellou MG, Patila M, Fotiadou R, Spyrou K, Yan F, Rudolf P, Gournis DP, Stamatis H. Tyrosinase Magnetic Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates: Biocatalytic Study in Deep Eutectic Solvent Aqueous Solutions. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040643. [PMID: 37189390 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of biocatalysis, the implementation of sustainable processes such as enzyme immobilization or employment of environmentally friendly solvents, like Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are of paramount importance. In this work, tyrosinase was extracted from fresh mushrooms and used in a carrier-free immobilization towards the preparation of both non-magnetic and magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The prepared biocatalyst was characterized and the biocatalytic and structural traits of free tyrosinase and tyrosinase magnetic CLEAs (mCLEAs) were evaluated in numerous DES aqueous solutions. The results showed that the nature and the concentration of the DESs used as co-solvents significantly affected the catalytic activity and stability of tyrosinase, while the immobilization enhanced the activity of the enzyme in comparison with the non-immobilized enzyme up to 3.6-fold. The biocatalyst retained the 100% of its initial activity after storage at -20 °C for 1 year and the 90% of its activity after 5 repeated cycles. Tyrosinase mCLEAs were further applied in the homogeneous modification of chitosan with caffeic acid in the presence of DES. The biocatalyst demonstrated great ability in the functionalization of chitosan with caffeic acid in the presence of 10% v/v DES [Bet:Gly (1:3)], enhancing the antioxidant activity of the films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrto G Bellou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Michaela Patila
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Renia Fotiadou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Spyrou
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Feng Yan
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Rudolf
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios P Gournis
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Research Group, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gajardo-Parra N, Meneses L, Duarte ARC, Paiva A, Held C. Assessing the Influence of Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Systems on Horseradish Peroxidase. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:12873-12881. [PMID: 36573121 PMCID: PMC9783073 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To validate the use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in natural deep eutectic systems (NADES), five different betaine-based NADES were characterized in terms of water content, water activity, density, and viscosity experimentally and by thermodynamic modeling. The results show that the NADES under study have a water activity of about 0.4 at 37 °C for water contents between 14 and 22 wt %. The densities of the studied NADES had values between 1.2 and 1.3 g.cm-3 at 20 °C. The density was modeled with a state-of-the-art equation of state; an excellent agreement with the experimental density data was achieved, allowing reasonable predictions for water activities. The system betaine:glycerol (1:2) was found to be the most viscous with a dynamic viscosity of ∼600 mPa.s at 40 °C, while all the other systems had viscosities <350 mPa.s at 40 °C. The impact of the NADES on the enzymatic activity, as well as on, conformational and thermal stability was assessed. The system betaine/sorbitol:water (1:1:3) showed the highest benefit for enzymatic activity, increasing it by two-folds. Moreover, upon NADES addition, thermal stability was increased followed by an increment in a-helix secondary structure content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás
F. Gajardo-Parra
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Liane Meneses
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita C. Duarte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Paiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Can deep eutectic solvents be the best alternatives to ionic liquids and organic solvents: A perspective in enzyme catalytic reactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:255-269. [PMID: 35835302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
As a new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been considered as a promising alternative to classical organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). DESs are normally formed by two or more components via various h-bonds interactions. Up to date, four types of DESs are found, namely, type I DESs (formed by MClx, namely FeCl2, AlCl3, ZnCl2, CuCl2 and AgCl et al., and quaternary ammonium salts); type II DESs (formed by metal chloride hydrates and quaternary ammonium salts); type III DESs (formed by choline chlorides and different kinds of HBDs) and type IV DESs (formed by salts of transition metals and urea). DESs share many advantages, such as low vapor pressure, good substrate solubility and thermal stability, with ILs, and offering a high potential to be the medium of biocatalysis reactions. In this case, this paper reviews the applications of DESs in enzymatic reactions. Lipases are the most widely used enzyme in DESs systems as their versatile applications in various reactions and robustness. Interestingly, DESs can improve the efficiency of these reactions via enhancing the substrates solubility and the activity and stability of enzymes. Therefore, the directed engineering of DESs for special reactions such as degradation of polymers in high temperature or strong acid-base conditions will be one of the future perspectives of the investigation DESs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yadav N, Venkatesu P. Current understanding and insights towards protein stabilization and activation in deep eutectic solvents as sustainable solvent media. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13474-13509. [PMID: 35640592 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a new class of green, designer and biocompatible solvents, an alternative to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) which are comparatively toxic and non-biodegradable. DESs are eutectic mixtures that are formed when a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) is mixed with a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) at particular molar ratios by mechanical grinding or under mild heating conditions. Very recently, these solvents have been the center of attention for researchers in biotechnology, biomedicine and various scientific applications. These environmentally benign solvents have a close analogy with ILs; however, they offer certain unique merits over traditional ILs. DESs display remarkable properties such as easy preparation, tunable composition, biodegradability, recyclability, inherently low toxicity, sustainability and biocompatibility; these special features validate DESs as new potential solvents/co-solvents for biomolecules. Mechanistically, the biocompatibility and protein friendly nature of DESs depend on various factors, which include the composition of the DES, viscosity and hydration level. Therefore, it becomes an essential task to bring together all the studies related to protein behaviour in DESs to unlock their biomolecular proficiency. This review specifically highlights recent insights into the biomacromolecular functionality in DESs, including outlines of the solubilization and stabilization of proteins, long term protein packaging, different extraction methods and enzyme activation in the presence of DESs. A literature survey reveals that DESs act as green media in which the protein structure and activity are retained. In some cases, proteins refolded and enzymatic activity was enhanced several fold in the presence of DESs. Furthermore, we have reviewed the possible mechanistic behaviour behind protein stabilization, refolding and activation in DESs. Overall, the main objective of this review is to explicate the advantages of the introduction of DESs for biomolecules and to demonstrate the versatility of these eco-friendly solvents for future bio-based applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niketa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Santos JHPM, Feitosa VA, Meneguetti GP, Carretero G, Coutinho JAP, Ventura SPM, Rangel-Yagui CO. Lysine-PEGylated Cytochrome C with Enhanced Shelf-Life Stability. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:94. [PMID: 35200354 PMCID: PMC8869816 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c (Cyt-c), a small mitochondrial electron transport heme protein, has been employed in bioelectrochemical and therapeutic applications. However, its potential as both a biosensor and anticancer drug is significantly impaired due to poor long-term and thermal stability. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed a site-specific PEGylation protocol for Cyt-c. The PEG derivative used was a 5 kDa mPEG-NHS, and a site-directed PEGylation at the lysine amino-acids was performed. The effects of the pH of the reaction media, molar ratio (Cyt-c:mPEG-NHS) and reaction time were evaluated. The best conditions were defined as pH 7, 1:25 Cyt-c:mPEG-NHS and 15 min reaction time, resulting in PEGylation yield of 45% for Cyt-c-PEG-4 and 34% for Cyt-c-PEG-8 (PEGylated cytochrome c with 4 and 8 PEG molecules, respectively). Circular dichroism spectra demonstrated that PEGylation did not cause significant changes to the secondary and tertiary structures of the Cyt-c. The long-term stability of native and PEGylated Cyt-c forms was also investigated in terms of peroxidative activity. The results demonstrated that both Cyt-c-PEG-4 and Cyt-c-PEG-8 were more stable, presenting higher half-life than unPEGylated protein. In particular, Cyt-c-PEG-8 presented great potential for biomedical applications, since it retained 30-40% more residual activity than Cyt-c over 60-days of storage, at both studied temperatures of 4 °C and 25 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João H. P. M. Santos
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.A.F.); (G.P.M.)
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research, São Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
| | - Valker A. Feitosa
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.A.F.); (G.P.M.)
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research, São Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
| | - Giovanna P. Meneguetti
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.A.F.); (G.P.M.)
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research, São Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Carretero
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.A.P.C.); (S.P.M.V.)
| | - Sónia P. M. Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.A.P.C.); (S.P.M.V.)
| | - Carlota O. Rangel-Yagui
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (V.A.F.); (G.P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cao J, Wu R, Zhu F, Dong Q, Su E. Enzymes in nearly anhydrous deep eutectic solvents: insight into the biocompatibility and thermal stability. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 157:110022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
11
|
Chan JC, Zhang B, Martinez M, Kuruba B, Brozik J, Kang C, Zhang X. Structural studies of Myceliophthora Thermophila Laccase in the presence of deep eutectic solvents. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 150:109890. [PMID: 34489043 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we elucidated the interactions between Myceliophthora thermophila laccase and deep eutectic solvent (DES) by crystallographic and kinetics analyses. Four types of DESs with different hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and hydrogen bond donor (HBD), including lactic acid: betaine, glycerol: choline chloride, lactic acid: choline chloride and glycerol: betaine was used. The results revealed that different DES have different effects on laccase activity. Lactic acid-betaine (2:1) DES has shown to enhance laccase activity up to 300 % at a concentration ranged from 2% to 8% v/v, while glycerol: choline chloride and lactic acid: choline chloride DES choline chloride-based DES have found to possess inhibitory effects on laccase under the same concentration range. Detailed kinetic study showed that glycerol: choline chloride DES is a S-parabolic-I-parabolic mixed non-competitive inhibitor, where conformational changes can occur. The crystal structures of laccase with lactic acid: choline chloride DES (LCDES) were obtained at 1.6 Å. Crystallographic analysis suggested that the addition of LCDES causes changes in the laccase active site, but the increase in water molecules observed in the resulting crystal prevented laccase from experiencing drastic structural change. Fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopies were also applied to determine the effects of DES on the structural conformation of laccase. The results have confirmed that the presence of DES can trigger changes in the local environments of the amino acids in the active site of laccase which contributes to the changes in its activity and stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jou Chin Chan
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering - Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Bixia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Michael Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Balaganesh Kuruba
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering - Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - James Brozik
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - ChulHee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering - Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354, USA; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory - 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P8-60, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Svigelj R, Dossi N, Grazioli C, Toniolo R. Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and Their Application in Biosensor Development. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4263. [PMID: 34206344 PMCID: PMC8271379 DOI: 10.3390/s21134263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are a new class of solvents characterized by a remarkable decrease in melting point compared to those of the starting components. The eutectic mixtures can be simply prepared by mixing a Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) with a Hydrogen Bond Donor (HBD) at a temperature of about 80 °C. They have found applications in different research fields; for instance, they have been employed in organic synthesis, electrochemistry, and bio-catalysis, showing improved biodegradability and lower toxicity compared to other solvents. Herein, we review the use of DESs in biosensor development. We consider the emerging interest in different fields of this green class of solvents and the possibility of their use for the improvement of biosensor performance. We point out some promising examples of approaches for the assembly of biosensors exploiting their compelling characteristics. Furthermore, the extensive ability of DESs to solubilize a wide range of molecules provides the possibility to set up new devices, even for analytes that are usually insoluble and difficult to quantify.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy; (N.D.); (C.G.)
| | | | | | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy; (N.D.); (C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Das N, Khan T, Subba N, Sen P. Correlating Bromelain's activity with its structure and active-site dynamics and the medium's physical properties in a hydrated deep eutectic solvent. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9337-9346. [PMID: 33885064 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00046b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are emerging as new media of choice for biocatalysis due to their environmentally friendly nature, fine-tunability, and potential biocompatibility. This work deciphers the behaviour of bromelain in a ternary DES composed of acetamide, urea, and sorbitol at mole fractions of 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2, respectively (0.5Ac/0.3Ur/0.2Sor), with various degrees of hydration. Bromelain is an essential industrial proteolytic enzyme, and the chosen DES is non-ionic and liquid at room temperature. This provides us with a unique opportunity to contemplate protein behaviour in a non-ionic DES for the very first time. Our results infer that at a low DES concentration (up to 30% V/V DES), bromelain adopts a more compact structural conformation, whereas at higher DES concentrations, it becomes somewhat elongated. The microsecond conformational fluctuation time around the active site of bromelain gradually increases with increasing DES concentration, especially beyond 30% V/V. Interestingly, bromelain retains most of its enzymatic activity in the DES, and at some concentrations, the activity is even higher compared with its native state. Furthermore, we correlate the activity of bromelain with its structure, its active-site dynamics, and the physical properties of the medium. Our results demonstrate that the compact structural conformation and flexibility of the active site of bromelain favour its proteolytic activity. Similarly, a medium with increased polarity and decreased viscosity is favourable for its activity. The presented physical insights into how enzymatic activity depends on the protein structure and dynamics and the physical properties of the medium might provide useful guidelines for the rational design of DESs as biocatalytic media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilimesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur - 208 016, UP, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kist JA, Zhao H, Mitchell-Koch KR, Baker GA. The study and application of biomolecules in deep eutectic solvents. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:536-566. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents offer stimulating possibilities for biomolecular stabilization and manipulation, biocatalysis, bioextraction, biomass processing, and drug delivery and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Kist
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Northern Colorado
- Greeley
- USA
| | | | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kumari P, Kumari M, Kashyap HK. How Pure and Hydrated Reline Deep Eutectic Solvents Affect the Conformation and Stability of Lysozyme: Insights from Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11919-11927. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Hemant K. Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Biocatalyzed Redox Processes Employing Green Reaction Media. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133016. [PMID: 32630322 PMCID: PMC7411633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of biocatalysts to perform reductive/oxidative chemical processes has attracted great interest in recent years, due to their environmentally friendly conditions combined with high selectivities. In some circumstances, the aqueous buffer medium normally employed in biocatalytic procedures is not the best option to develop these processes, due to solubility and/or inhibition issues, requiring biocatalyzed redox procedures to circumvent these drawbacks, by developing novel green non-conventional media, including the use of biobased solvents, reactions conducted in neat conditions and the application of neoteric solvents such as deep eutectic solvents.
Collapse
|
17
|
Papadopoulou A, Zarafeta D, Galanopoulou AP, Stamatis H. Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase Immobilized on Magnetic Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanoparticles. Protein J 2020; 38:640-648. [PMID: 31549278 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-019-09869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was immobilized by covalent or non-covalent binding onto magnetic hierarchical porous carbon (MHPC) nanomaterials. The immobilization yield and the enzyme activity were higher when covalent immobilization approach was followed. The covalent immobilization approach leads to higher immobilization yield (up to 96%) and enzyme activity (up to 1.35 U mg-1) compared to the non-covalent cellulase binding. The overall results showed that the thermal, storage and operational stability of the immobilized cellulase was considerably improved compared to the free enzyme. The immobilized cellulose catalyzed the hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose up to 6 consecutive successive reaction cycles, with a total operation time of 144 h at 50 °C. The half-life time of the immobilized enzyme in deep eutectic solvents-based media was up to threefold higher compared to the soluble enzyme. The increased pH and temperature tolerance of the immobilized cellulase, as well as the increased operational stability in aqueous and deep eutectic solvents-based media indicate that the use of MHPCs as immobilization nanosupport could expand the catalytic performance of cellulolytic enzymes in various reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athena Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitra Zarafeta
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Positive Impact of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents on the Biocatalytic Performance of 5-Hydroxymethyl-Furfural Oxidase. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been applied as cosolvents in various biocatalytic processes during recent years. However, their use in combination with redox enzymes has been limited. In this study, we have explored the beneficial effects of several DES as cosolvents on the performance of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase (HMFO), a valuable oxidative enzyme for the preparation of furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), and other compounds, such as carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids. The use of natural DESs, based on glucose and fructose, was found to have a positive effect. Higher conversions are obtained for the synthesis of several oxidized compounds, including FDCA. Depending on the type of DES, the stability of HMFO could be significantly improved. As the use of DES increases the solubility of many substrates while they only mildly affect dioxygen solubility, this study demonstrates that biocatalysis based on HMFO and other redox biocatalysts can benefit from a carefully selected DES.
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang L, Bittner JP, Domínguez de María P, Jakobtorweihen S, Kara S. Modeling Alcohol Dehydrogenase Catalysis in Deep Eutectic Solvent/Water Mixtures. Chembiochem 2020; 21:811-817. [PMID: 31605652 PMCID: PMC7154551 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of oxidoreductases (EC1) in non-conventional reaction media has been increasingly explored. In particular, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a novel class of solvents. Herein, an in-depth study of bioreduction with an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the DES glyceline is presented. The activity and stability of ADH in mixtures of glyceline/water with varying water contents were measured. Furthermore, the thermodynamic water activity and viscosity of mixtures of glyceline/water have been determined. For a better understanding of the observations, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to quantify the molecular flexibility, hydration layer, and intraprotein hydrogen bonds of ADH. The behavior of the enzyme in DESs follows the classic dependence of water activity (aW ) in non-conventional media. At low aW values (<0.2), ADH does not show any activity; at higher aW values, the activity was still lower than that in pure water due to the high viscosities of the DES. These findings could be further explained by increased enzyme flexibility with increasing water content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of EngineeringBiocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 108000AarhusDenmark
| | - Jan Philipp Bittner
- Institute of Thermal Separation ProcessesHamburg University of TechnologyEißendorfer Strasse 3821073HamburgGermany
| | | | - Sven Jakobtorweihen
- Institute of Thermal Separation ProcessesHamburg University of TechnologyEißendorfer Strasse 3821073HamburgGermany
| | - Selin Kara
- Department of EngineeringBiocatalysis and Bioprocessing GroupAarhus UniversityGustav Wieds Vej 108000AarhusDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bhakuni K, Yadav N, Venkatesu P. A novel amalgamation of deep eutectic solvents and crowders as biocompatible solvent media for enhanced structural and thermal stability of bovine serum albumin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24410-24422. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04397d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study unravels the effect of a novel solvent medium designed by amalgamation of macromolecular crowders and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) on bovine serum albumin (BSA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Bhakuni
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Niketa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Osawa K, Kossowska D, Park K, Kwak K, Cho M. Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopic study of cytochrome c peroxidase activity in deep eutectic solvent. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2019; 6:064703. [PMID: 31867407 PMCID: PMC6920052 DOI: 10.1063/1.5130940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared by mixing hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor molecules have been found to be of use in several applications. Recently, it was shown that DESs can enhance the peroxidation activity of cytochrome c. Here, to elucidate the effects of DESs on the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c, we carried out linear and nonlinear infrared spectroscopic studies of the CO stretch mode of carbon monoxide cytochrome c (COCytc) in ethylammonium chloride (EAC)/urea DES. The FTIR spectrum of COCytc shows a significant spectral shift upon addition of the DES. The broadening and red-shifting of the CO band are observed in both urea and DES solutions, which are induced by the change of the distal ligands around the heme. Although the FTIR study is sensitive to structural changes in the active site, it does not provide quantitative information about structural dynamics related to the catalytic activity itself. Thus, we carried out two-dimensional IR spectroscopy of the CO mode, which suggests that there is a different conformer that could be related to the enhanced catalytic activity in DES. In particular, the spectral diffusion dynamics of that conformer exhibits quite different behavior. The experimental results lead us to propose a hypothesis that the DES increases the population of the conformer with distal ligand lysines close to the reaction center through the combining effect of urea and EAC, which results in the enhancement of the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c. We anticipate that the present experimental work stimulates future investigations of the effects of DES on biocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Osawa
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | | | - Kwanghee Park
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
El Achkar T, Fourmentin S, Greige-Gerges H. Deep eutectic solvents: An overview on their interactions with water and biochemical compounds. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
The Versatile Applications of DES and Their Influence on Oxidoreductase-Mediated Transformations. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112190. [PMID: 31212686 PMCID: PMC6600434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, new types of solvents called deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been synthesized and commercialized. Among their main advantages, they can be eco-friendly and are easy to synthesize at different molar ratios depending on the desired solvent properties. This review aims to show the different uses of DES in some relevant biocatalytic redox reactions. Here we analyze oxidoreductase-mediated transformations that are performed in the presence of DES and compare them with the ones that avoided those solvents. DES were found to present advantages such as the increase in the product yield and enantiomeric excess in many reactions.
Collapse
|
24
|
Evaluation of Versatile Peroxidase’s Activity and Conformation in the Presence of a Hydrated Urea Based Deep Eutectic Solvent. J SOLUTION CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-019-00881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
25
|
Pätzold M, Siebenhaller S, Kara S, Liese A, Syldatk C, Holtmann D. Deep Eutectic Solvents as Efficient Solvents in Biocatalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:943-959. [PMID: 31000203 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
'Ideal' solvents in biocatalysis have to fulfill a large number of requirements, such as high substrate solubility, high enzyme activity and stability, and positive effects on reaction equilibrium. In the past decades, many enzymatic synthesis routes in water-based and nonaqueous (organic solvents, ionic or supercritical fluids) reaction media have been developed. However, no solvent meets every demand for different reaction types at the same time, and there is still a need for novel solvents suited for different reaction types and applications. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently been evaluated as solvents in different biocatalytic reactions. They can improve substrate supply, conversion, and stability. The best results were obtained when the DES is formed by the substrates of an enzymatic reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pätzold
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Industrial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Siebenhaller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences 2 - Technical Biology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany; Aarhus University, Department of Engineering, Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Group, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andreas Liese
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences 2 - Technical Biology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Industrial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Deep eutectic solvents for redox biocatalysis. J Biotechnol 2019; 293:24-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
27
|
Mamashli F, Badraghi J, Delavari B, Lanjanian H, Sabbaghian M, Hosseini M, Saboury AA. Improvement of versatile peroxidase activity and stability by a cholinium-based ionic liquid. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
28
|
Papadopoulou AA, Tzani A, Polydera AC, Katapodis P, Voutsas E, Detsi A, Stamatis H. Green biotransformations catalysed by enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers in environmentally friendly ionic solvents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:26707-26714. [PMID: 28597383 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly ionic solvents such as (a) ionic liquids (ILs) formulated with hydroxyl ammonium cations and various carboxylic acid anions and (b) choline chloride or ethyl ammonium chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) were tested as media for hydrolytic and synthetic reactions catalysed by lipase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers. The nature of ionic solvents used has a significant effect on the hydrolytic and synthetic activity of the immobilized lipase, as well as on its stability and reusability. In choline chloride-based DES, the activity and especially the operational stability of the biocatalyst are significantly increased compared to those observed in buffer, indicating the potential application of these solvents as green media for various biocatalytic processes of industrial interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athena A Papadopoulou
- Department of Biological Applications & Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andromachi Tzani
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki C Polydera
- Department of Biological Applications & Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Petros Katapodis
- Department of Biological Applications & Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Voutsas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Detsi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Department of Biological Applications & Technologies, Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
A rapid and green method for expedient multicomponent synthesis of N-substituted decahydroacridine-1,8-diones as potential antimicrobial agents. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
30
|
Sanchez-Fernandez A, Moody GL, Murfin LC, Arnold T, Jackson AJ, King SM, Lewis SE, Edler KJ. Self-assembly and surface behaviour of pure and mixed zwitterionic amphiphiles in a deep eutectic solvent. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5525-5536. [PMID: 29926037 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00755a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations have shown that deep eutectic solvents provide a suitable environment for self-organisation of biomolecules, in particular phospholipids and proteins. However, the solvation of complex lyophilic moieties by deep eutectic solvents still remains unclear. Here we explore the behaviour of zwitterionic surfactants in choline chloride:glycerol eutectic mixture. Dodecyl-2-(trimethylammonio)ethylphosphate and N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate (alkyl = dodecyl, tetradecyl) surfactants were investigated by means of surface tension, X-ray reflectivity and small-angle neutron scattering. These surfactants were found to remain surface active and form globular micelles in deep eutectic solvents. Still, the surface behaviour of these species was found to differ depending on the headgroup and tail structure. The morphology of the micelles also slightly varies between surfactants, demonstrating differences in the packing of individual monomers. The characteristics of mixtures of the dodecyl surfactants is also reported, showing a deviation from ideal mixing associated with attractive interactions between sulfobetaine and phosphocholine headgroups. Such non-ideality results in variation of the surface behaviour and self-assembly of these surfactant mixtures. The results presented here will potentially lead to the development of new alternatives for drug-delivery, protein solubilisation and biosensing through a better fundamental understanding of the behaviour of zwitterionic surfactants in deep eutectic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sanchez-Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh UK, Patel R. Dynamics of Ionic Liquid-Assisted Refolding of Denatured Cytochrome c: A Study of Preferential Interactions toward Renaturation. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2684-2697. [PMID: 29767978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro refolding of denatured protein and the influence of the alkyl chain on the refolding of a protein were tested using long chain imidazolium chloride salts, 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride [C8mim][Cl], and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C10mim][Cl]. The horse heart cytochrome c (h-cyt c) was denatured by urea and guanidinium hydrochloride (GdnHCl), as well as by base-induced denaturation at pH 13, to provide a broad overview of the overall refolding behavior. The variation in the alkyl chain of the ionic liquids (ILs) showed a profound effect on the refolding of denatured h-cyt c. The ligand-induced refolding was correlated to understand the mechanism of the conformational stability of proteins in aqueous solutions of ILs. The results showed that the long chain ILs having the [C8mim]+ and [C10mim]+ cations promote the refolding of alkali-denatured h-cyt c. The IL having the [C10mim]+ cation efficiently refolded the alkali-denatured h-cyt c with the formation of the MG state, whereas the IL having the [C8mim]+ cation, which is known to be compatible for protein stability, shows slight refolding and forms a different transition state. The lifetime results show successful refolding of alkaline-denatured h-cyt c by both of the ILs, however, more refolding was observed in the case of [C10mim][Cl], and this was correlated with the fast and medium lifetimes (τ1 and τ2) obtained, which show an increase accompanied by an increase in secondary structure. The hydrophobic interactions plays an important role in the refolding of chemically and alkali-denatured h-cyt c by long chain imidazolium ILs. The formation of the MG state by [C10mim][Cl] was also confirmed, as some regular structure exists far below the CMC of IL. The overall results suggested that the [C10mim]+ cation bound to the unfolded h-cyt c triggers its refolding by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions that stabilize the MG state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Kumar Singh
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India
| | - Rajan Patel
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Banjare MK, Behera K, Satnami ML, Pandey S, Ghosh KK. Self-assembly of a short-chain ionic liquid within deep eutectic solvents. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7969-7979. [PMID: 35542011 PMCID: PMC9078456 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13557b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are receiving increased attention from both academic and industrial research due to their immense application potential. These designer solvents are environmentally friendly in nature with tunable physicochemical properties. In the present investigation, we have studied the aggregation behavior of a short-chain IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octylsulphate [Bmim][OS] within aqueous DESs using fluorescence, UV-vis, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. We have prepared two DESs, ChCl–urea and ChCl–Gly, which are obtained by heating a mixture of an ammonium salt choline chloride with hydrogen bond donor urea or glycerol, respectively, in 1 : 2 molar ratios. The local microenvironment and size of the aggregates are obtained from steady state fluorescence (using pyrene and pyrene-1-carboxaldehyde as polarity probes) and DLS measurements, respectively. DLS results shows that IL [Bmim][OS] forms relatively larger micelles within the aqueous solution of DES ChCl–urea (avg. hydrodynamic radii = 209 nm) than compared to ChCl–Gly (avg. hydrodynamic radii = 135 nm). A significant decrease in the critical micelle concentration and increase in the aggregation number (Nagg) are observed within DES solutions as compared to that in water, thus indicating that the micellization process of the IL [Bmim][OS] is much favored in the DES solutions. Molecular interactions of [Bmim][OS] in DESs are revealed from FT-IR spectroscopic investigation. Furthermore, these systems were applied to study the IL-drug binding of the antidepressant drug promazine hydrochloride (PH). Self-assembly of short-chain imidazolium-based ILs within DESs have been investigated by fluorescence, UV-Vis, DLS and FT-IR spectroscopy. Further, these micellar systems [Bmim][OS]-DESs are utilized to study the IL-drug binding of an antidepressant drug (PH).![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamalakanta Behera
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences
- JMI
- New Delhi
- India
| | | | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur
- India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pan W, Mao L, Shi M, Fu Y, Jiang X, Feng W, He Y, Xu D, Yuan L. The cytochrome c–cyclo[6]aramide complex as a supramolecular catalyst in methanol. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hydrogen-bonded aromatic amide macrocycle forms a host–guest complex with cytochrome c, which acts as a supramolecular catalyst for the oxidation of benzhydrol even at low temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Lijun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Yonghong Fu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Xiaomin Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Wen Feng
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Youzhou He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis & Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University
- Chongqing 400067
- China
| | - Dingguo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Banjare MK, Behera K, Satnami ML, Pandey S, Ghosh KK. Self-assembly of a short-chain ionic liquid within deep eutectic solvents. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7969-7979. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1039/c7ra13557b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of short-chain imidazolium-based ILs within DESs have been investigated by fluorescence, UV-Vis, DLS and FT-IR spectroscopy. Further, these micellar systems [Bmim][OS]-DESs are utilized to study the IL-drug binding of an antidepressant drug (PH).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamalakanta Behera
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences
- JMI
- New Delhi
- India
| | | | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- School of Studies in Chemistry
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
- Raipur
- India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ezgi Ünlü A, Prasad B, Anavekar K, Bubenheim P, Liese A. Investigation of a green process for the polymerization of catechin. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:918-924. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1365241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Ezgi Ünlü
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Brinda Prasad
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kishan Anavekar
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Bubenheim
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Molecular
Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, PO Wits 2050, South Africa
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Section BOC, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Woodley
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu P, Zheng GW, Zong MH, Li N, Lou WY. Recent progress on deep eutectic solvents in biocatalysis. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2017; 4:34. [PMID: 28794956 PMCID: PMC5522511 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-017-0165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are eutectic mixtures of salts and hydrogen bond donors with melting points low enough to be used as solvents. DESs have proved to be a good alternative to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) in many biocatalytic processes. Apart from the benign characteristics similar to those of ILs (e.g., low volatility, low inflammability and low melting point), DESs have their unique merits of easy preparation and low cost owing to their renewable and available raw materials. To better apply such solvents in green and sustainable chemistry, this review firstly describes some basic properties, mainly the toxicity and biodegradability of DESs. Secondly, it presents several valuable applications of DES as solvent/co-solvent in biocatalytic reactions, such as lipase-catalyzed transesterification and ester hydrolysis reactions. The roles, serving as extractive reagent for an enzymatic product and pretreatment solvent of enzymatic biomass hydrolysis, are also discussed. Further understanding how DESs affect biocatalytic reaction will facilitate the design of novel solvents and contribute to the discovery of new reactions in these solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xu
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Ning Li
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China.,State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fang C, Thomsen MH, Frankær CG, Brudecki GP, Schmidt JE, AlNashef IM. Reviving Pretreatment Effectiveness of Deep Eutectic Solvents on Lignocellulosic Date Palm Residues by Prior Recalcitrance Reduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanji Fang
- Institute
Center for Energy (iEnergy), Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mette Hedegaard Thomsen
- Institute
Center for Energy (iEnergy), Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Grzegorz P. Brudecki
- Institute
Center for Energy (iEnergy), Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jens Ejbye Schmidt
- Institute
Center for Energy (iEnergy), Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Inas Muen AlNashef
- Institute
Center for Energy (iEnergy), Department of Chemical and Environmental
Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lan D, Wang X, Zhou P, Hollmann F, Wang Y. Deep eutectic solvents as performance additives in biphasic reactions. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents act as surfactants in biphasic (hydrophobic/aqueous) reaction mixtures enabling higher interfacial surface areas at lower mechanical stress as compared to simple emulsions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Xuping Wang
- Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Guangzhou 510610
- People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Guangzhou 510610
- People's Republic of China
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delft University of Technology
- Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sanchez-Fernandez A, Edler KJ, Arnold T, Alba Venero D, Jackson AJ. Protein conformation in pure and hydrated deep eutectic solvents. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:8667-8670. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents as media for protein stabilisation: conformation in the absence and presence of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sanchez-Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down
- Bath
- UK
- European Spallation Source
- Lund
| | - K. J. Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down
- Bath
- UK
| | - T. Arnold
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus
- Didcot
- UK
| | | | - A. J. Jackson
- European Spallation Source
- Lund
- Sweden
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Lund University
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sheldon RA. Biocatalysis and Biomass Conversion in Alternative Reaction Media. Chemistry 2016; 22:12984-99. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; 2050; Johannesburg South Africa
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Julianalaan 136 2628 BL Delft Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mukesh C, Upadhyay KK, Devkar RV, Chudasama NA, Raol GG, Prasad K. Preparation of a Noncytotoxic Hemocompatible Ion Gel by Self-Polymerization of HEMA in a Green Deep Eutectic Solvent. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakant Mukesh
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002 Gujarat India
- AcSIR- Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002 Gujarat India
| | - Kapil K. Upadhyay
- Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology; Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; The M.S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 Gujarat India
| | - Ranjitsinh V. Devkar
- Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology; Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; The M.S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 Gujarat India
| | - Nishith A. Chudasama
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002 Gujarat India
| | - Gopalkumar G. Raol
- Department of Microbiology; Shri A. N. Patel P. G. Institute; Sardar Patel University; Anand 388001 Gujarat India
| | - Kamalesh Prasad
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002 Gujarat India
- AcSIR- Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute; G. B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002 Gujarat India
| |
Collapse
|