1
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Han M, Li X, Zhu Z, Zhang S. Heavy-Atom-Free Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion in Photo-cross-linked Polymer Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36935-36941. [PMID: 38957006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Heavy-atom-free triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion sensitized by a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecule is investigated in a dried gel made of a photo-cross-linked polymer as the solid-state matrix. The upconversion fluorescence quantum yields, ΦUC, of the solid-gel TTA system at different penetration depths are measured accurately based on a developed internal-reference method. It is found that ΦUC is greatest at the surface and then decreases exponentially with increasing depth, influenced by the substrate absorption. The same process is also performed in a TTA solution at different depths, but a completely different result is obtained; there is little difference for ΦUC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the quantum yields at different transmission depths have been mentioned and calculated experimentally. These results illustrate the importance of accurately measuring the quantum yield of solid-phase TTA upconversion and provide a novel way to improve the solid-phase TTA quantum yield by reducing the thickness of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Han
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xingliang Li
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zece Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Bioengineering and Health, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
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2
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Fan C, Wei X, Wu W, Yang C. Expanding the Anti-Stokes Shift of TTA-UC to 1.04 eV by Chemical Tuning of BODIPY-Based Organic Photosensitizers. Org Lett 2024; 26:950-954. [PMID: 38236085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A series of BODIPY-derivatives B-1 ∼ B-5 were synthesized as metal-free photosensitizers in triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion (UC) with the purpose of finely tuning the excited state properties to reduce the energy loss during intersystem crossing (ISC), and hence to expand the anti-Stokes shift of TTA-UC. It was revealed that B-5 showed a ΔEST of as small as 0.28 eV, thus, providing a large anti-Stokes shift of 1.04 eV in TTA-UC with organic sensitizers. A deep red-blue upconversion emission with UC quantum yields of up to 10.7% (out of a 50% maximum) was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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3
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Song X, Liu H, Liu S, Li T, Lv L, Cui B, Wang T, Chen W, Chen Y, Li X. Enhancing Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion of Pyrene Derivatives for Photoredox Catalysis via Molecular Engineering. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302520. [PMID: 37877456 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) has the potential to enhance photoredox catalysis yield. It includes a sensitizer and an annihilator. Efficient and stable annihilators are essential for photoredox catalysis, yet only a few examples are reported. Herein, we designed four novel pyrene annihilators (1, 2, 3 and 4) via introducing aryl-alkynyl groups onto pyrene to systematically modulate their singlet and triplet energies. Coupled with platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP), the TTA-UC efficiency is enhanced gradually as the number of aryl-alkynyl group increases. When combining 4 with palladium tetraphenyl-tetrabenzoporphyrin (PdTPTBP), we achieved the highest red-to-green upconversion efficiency (22.4±0.3 %) (out of a 50 % maximum) so far. Then, this pair was used to activate photooxidation of aryl boronic acid under red light (630 nm), which achieved a great improved reaction yield compared to that activated by green light directly. The results not only provide a design strategy for efficient annihilators, but also show the advantage of applying TTA-UC into improving the photoredox catalysis yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
- Institute for Smart Materials & Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, Jinan, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Boce Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenmiao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
- Department of Science, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, 77842, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiyou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580, Qingdao, China
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4
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu SE, Wei Y, Zhang F, Chen L, Zhou X, Liu S. Efficient Red-to-Blue Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Using the C 70-Bodipy-Triphenylamine Triad as a Heavy-Atom-Free Triplet Photosensitizer. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8476-8486. [PMID: 37606596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) with heavy-atom-free organic triplet photosensitizers has attracted extensive attention recently, however, the successful examples with absorption in red and first near-infrared (NIR-I, 650-900 nm) region are still insufficient. Herein, we conducted a new TTA-UC system of perylene using C70-bodipy-triphenylamine triad (C70-BDP-T) as the heavy-atom-free photosensitizer. Efficient red-to-blue (663 to 450 nm) TTA-UC was achieved in this system with an anti-Stokes shift of 0.88 eV and a quantum yield up to 5.2% (out of a 50% maximum) in deaerated toluene. Notably, this is the highest quantum yield to date in similar TTA-UC systems with heavy-atom-free organic photosensitizers. Using steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy, together with cyclic voltammogram and quantum chemical calculations, photophysical and photochemical mechanisms were elucidated. Specifically, two triplet triads, C70-3BDP*-T and 3C70*-BDP-T, were produced efficiently upon photoexcitation, with lifetimes of 2.0 ± 0.1 and 32.2 ± 0.3 μs, respectively. Electron transfer and recombination mechanisms were confirmed to play crucial roles in the formation of these triplets, instead of intersystem crossing. Our results shed light on the superiority of fullerenes in the development of heavy-atom-free photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - San-E Zhu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yaxiong Wei
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhou
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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5
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Kim SY, Yu JW, Choi S, Cho DW, Kim CH, Son HJ, Kang SO. Amplified Triplet Emission of Organic Periphery Groups by Exothermic Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer from the 3MLCT State of an Ir(pmi)3 Core Complex to the 3LC State of Geometrically Confined Carbazole/Naphthyl Tethers. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14228-14242. [PMID: 37612826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the excited-state properties of metal-organic bichromophores, including energy transfer mechanisms, a series of new homoleptic N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based iridium(III) complexes were prepared by incorporating a peripheral naphthalene (Np) (Ir(Nppmi)3: fac-/mer-Ir(1-Nppmi)3 and fac-/mer-Ir(2-Nppmi)3) or carbazole (Cz) (Ir(Czpmi)3: fac-/mer-Ir(o-Czpmi)3, fac-/mer-Ir(m-Czpmi)3, and fac-/mer-Ir(p-Czpmi)3) unit to the phenyl moiety of the phenylimidazole (pmi) ligand. Through a series of photophysical analyses and femtosecond time-resolved absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy, it was discovered that the phosphorescence of the Ir core, (Ir(pmi)3), was considerably quenched, while intense phosphorescence peaks arising from the excited triplet Np (3Np*)/Cz (3Cz*) species were primarily observed at room temperature (r.t.) and low temperature. Such amplified phosphorescence of the tethered organic Np and Cz units originated from triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) from the high-lying metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state of the Ir(pmi)3 core to the ligand-centered triplet state (3LC) of the peripheral Np and Cz units. This result indicates that the exothermic intramolecular energy transfer (IET) in the excited triplet state realizes the efficient phosphorescent emission of geometrically confined organic tethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yoen Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Jeong-Wan Yu
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Sunghan Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Dae Won Cho
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Sang Ook Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
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6
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Gu X, Chen S, Liang Z, Ju X, Li L, Wang X, Ye C. Multi-wavelength excited triplet-triplet upconversion microcrystals based on hot-band excitation for optical information encryption. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22103-22110. [PMID: 37560903 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02199h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Multi-wavelength hot-band excitation, forbidden in the conventional Stokes fluorescence mechanism, is found to be available with cascading triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC). Selective excitation of Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) by diode lasers with wavelengths of 532 nm, 589 nm, 635 nm, 655 nm, and 671 nm respectively can all induce 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) to emit blue upconversion, with the maximum anti-Stokes shift of 0.95 eV in the microcrystals exposed to air. Whether the zero-vibrational energy level excitation or the hot-vibrational energy level excitation in the ground state, the PtOEP/DPA pair showed triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) efficiencies approaching ∼95%. The doped microcrystal samples without encapsulation can emit blue upconversion from green/yellow/red excitation with stability for ∼20 days under atmospheric conditions, demonstrating their potential applications in multiple information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Gu
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Shuoran Chen
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Zuoqin Liang
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Xiaolei Ju
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Changqing Ye
- Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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7
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Naimovičius L, Bharmoria P, Moth-Poulsen K. Triplet-triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion solar energy systems. MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS 2023; 7:2297-2315. [PMID: 37313216 PMCID: PMC10259159 DOI: 10.1039/d3qm00069a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy harvesting is among the best solutions for a global transition toward carbon-neutral energy technologies. The existing solar energy harvesting technologies like photovoltaics (PV) and emerging molecular concepts such as solar fuels and molecular solar thermal energy storage (MOST) are rapidly developing. However, to realize their full potential, fundamental solar energy loss channels like photon transmission, recombination, and thermalization need to be addressed. Triplet-triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion (TTA-UC) is emerging as a way to overcome losses due to the transmission of photons below the PV/chromophore band gap. However, there are several challenges related to the integration of efficient solid-state TTA-UC systems into efficient devices such as: wide band absorption, materials sustainability, and device architecture. In this article, we review existing work, identify and discuss challenges as well as present our perspective toward possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Naimovičius
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, Vilnius University Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Pankaj Bharmoria
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research & Advanced Studies, ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivagen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
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8
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Schloemer T, Narayanan P, Zhou Q, Belliveau E, Seitz M, Congreve DN. Nanoengineering Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: From Materials to Real-World Applications. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3259-3288. [PMID: 36800310 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Using light to control matter has captured the imagination of scientists for generations, as there is an abundance of photons at our disposal. Yet delivering photons beyond the surface to many photoresponsive systems has proven challenging, particularly at scale, due to light attenuation via absorption and scattering losses. Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC), a process which allows for low energy photons to be converted to high energy photons, is poised to overcome these challenges by allowing for precise spatial generation of high energy photons due to its nonlinear nature. With a wide range of sensitizer and annihilator motifs available for TTA-UC, many researchers seek to integrate these materials in solution or solid-state applications. In this Review, we discuss nanoengineering deployment strategies and highlight their uses in recent state-of-the-art examples of TTA-UC integrated in both solution and solid-state applications. Considering both implementation tactics and application-specific requirements, we identify critical needs to push TTA-UC-based applications from an academic curiosity to a scalable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Schloemer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Pournima Narayanan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Emma Belliveau
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael Seitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Daniel N Congreve
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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9
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Yang C, Yi K, Zhu M, Yang J, Wei Y, Shang Y, Xu X. Photosensitive damage of dipeptides: mechanism and influence of structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4923-4928. [PMID: 36722384 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05047a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We illustrate the influence of the dipeptide structure on photosensitive damage and the kinetic mechanism was investigated using acenaphthenequinone (ACQ) as a triplet photosensitizer. With tyrosine (Tyr) serving as the core structure, two classic dipeptides with double (trptophan-tyrosine, Trp-Tyr) and single (tyrosine-alanine, Tyr-Ala and Ala-Tyr) active reaction sites were constructed, and the underlying photodamage mechanisms were investigated carefully. According to the experimental results, the proton-coupled electron transfer processes between ACQ and numerous Trp-Tyr reaction sites have independent reaction properties. The bimolecular quenching rate (kq) value is roughly equivalent to the sum of the rates of two amino acid monomers, and a novel intramolecular dynamic channel between Trp/N˙-Tyr and Trp-Tyr/O˙ was observed. The ACQ/Tyr-Ala system demonstrated the key role of steric hindrance on the kq in bimolecular reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Kai Yi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Meirou Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jiangxue Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Yaxiong Wei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xinsheng Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
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10
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Cao X, Pan K, Miao J, Lv X, Huang Z, Ni F, Yin X, Wei Y, Yang C. Manipulating Exciton Dynamics toward Simultaneous High-Efficiency Narrowband Electroluminescence and Photon Upconversion by a Selenium-Incorporated Multiresonance Delayed Fluorescence Emitter. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22976-22984. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Jingsheng Miao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Xialei Lv
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Zhongyan Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Fan Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Xiaojun Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Yaxiong Wei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
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11
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Fureraj I, Budkina DS, Vauthey E. Torsional disorder and planarization dynamics: 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene as a case study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25979-25989. [PMID: 36263805 PMCID: PMC9627944 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03909e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated molecules with phenylethynyl building blocks are usually characterised by torsional disorder at room temperature. They are much more rigid in the electronic excited state due to conjugation. As a consequence, the electronic absorption and emission spectra do not present a mirror-image relationship. Here, we investigate how torsional disorder affects the excited state dynamics of 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene in solvents of different viscosities and in polymers, using both stationary and ultrafast electronic spectroscopies. Temperature-dependent measurements reveal inhomogeneous broadening of the absorption spectrum at room temperature. This is confirmed by ultrafast spectroscopic measurements at different excitation wavelengths. Red-edge irradiation excites planar molecules that return to the ground state without significant structural dynamics. In this case, however, re-equilibration of the torsional disorder in the ground state can be observed. Higher-energy irradiation excites torsionally disordered molecules, which then planarise, leading to important spectral dynamics. The latter is found to occur partially via viscosity-independent inertial motion, whereas it is purely diffusive in the ground state. This dissimilarity is explained in terms of the steepness of the potential along the torsional coordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Fureraj
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Darya S Budkina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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12
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Bharmoria P, Edhborg F, Bildirir H, Sasaki Y, Ghasemi S, Mårtensson A, Yanai N, Kimizuka N, Albinsson B, Börjesson K, Moth-Poulsen K. Recyclable optical bioplastics platform for solid state red light harvesting via triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:21279-21290. [PMID: 36325268 PMCID: PMC9578683 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta04810h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable photonics applications of solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) are limited by a small UC spectral window, low UC efficiency in air, and non-recyclability of polymeric materials used. In a step to overcome these issues, we have developed new recyclable TTA-UC bioplastics by encapsulating TTA-UC chromophores liquid inside the semicrystalline gelatin films showing broad-spectrum upconversion (red/far-red to blue) with high UC efficiency in air. For this, we synthesized a new anionic annihilator, sodium-TIPS-anthracene-2-sulfonate (TIPS-AnS), that combined with red/far-red sensitizers (PdTPBP/Os(m-peptpy)2(TFSI)2), a liquid surfactant Triton X-100 reduced (TXr) and protein gelatin (G) formed red/far-red to blue TTA-UC bioplastic films just by air drying of their aqueous solutions. The G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP film showed record red to blue (633 to 478 nm) TTA-UC quantum yield of 8.5% in air. The high UC quantum yield has been obtained due to the fluidity of dispersed TXr containing chromophores and oxygen blockage by gelatin fibers that allowed efficient diffusion of triplet excited chromophores. Further, the G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-Os(m-peptpy)2(TFSI)2 bioplastic film displayed far-red to blue (700-730 nm to 478 nm) TTA-UC, demonstrating broad-spectrum photon harvesting. Finally, we demonstrated the recycling of G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP bioplastics by developing a downstream approach that gives new directions for designing future recyclable photonics bioplastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bharmoria
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Fredrik Edhborg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Hakan Bildirir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Yoichi Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shima Ghasemi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Anders Mårtensson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Bo Albinsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology Kemivägen 10 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
- The Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra Barcelona, 08193 Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research & Advanced Studies, ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona Spain
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